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Colonna A, Guarda-Nardini L, Ferrari M, Manfredini D. COVID-19 pandemic and the psyche, bruxism, temporomandibular disorders triangle. Cranio 2024; 42:429-434. [PMID: 34652252 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1989768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic on the report of psychological status, bruxism, and TMD symptoms. METHODS An online survey was drafted to report the presence of psychological status, bruxism activities, and reported symptoms of TMDs perceived during the COVID-19 pandemic in a population of 506 individuals. RESULTS Mental health is not positive during the Coronavirus pandemic: almost half the subjects reported an increase in bruxism behaviors, while up to one-third reported an increase in their symptoms involving the TMJ and jaw muscles. Specifically, 36% and 32.2% of participants reported increased pain in the TMJ and facial muscles, respectively, and almost 50% of the subjects also reported more frequent migraines and/or headaches. CONCLUSION Increased psychosocial distress during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase the frequency of TMD symptoms and bruxism behaviors, which, in turn, constitute a triangle of mutually interacting factors with the psychological and emotional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Colonna
- School of Dentistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Guarda-Nardini
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- School of Dentistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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van Selms MKA, Lobbezoo F. The reports of specific waking-state oral behaviours, including awake bruxism activities, and psychological distress have a dose-response relationship: A retrospective medical record study. Cranio 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38860447 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2024.2360865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if there are dose-response relationships between self-reported waking-state oral behaviours, including awake bruxism, and three indicators of psychological distress (depression, anxiety, stress). METHODS The study sample consisted of 1,886 patients with function-dependent TMD pain. Relationships between six non-functional and six functional waking-state oral behaviours, scored on a 5-point ordinal scale, and the psychological factors were investigated using ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS Mean age was 42.4 (±15.3) years, 78.7% being female. The odds of reporting the higher categories of non-functional oral behaviours depended on the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress. Most OR coefficients followed a quadratic dose-response distribution, the others increased linearly as the severity of the psychological scales increased. Almost no such associations were found with normal jaw function behaviours. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that non-functional waking-state oral behaviours, including awake bruxism, and psychological distress have a dose-response relationship, with higher levels of distress being associated with higher reports of oral behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits K A van Selms
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Lee YH, Chun YH, Bae H, Lee JW, Kim HJ. Comparison of ultrasonography-based masticatory muscle thickness between temporomandibular disorders bruxers and temporomandibular disorders non-bruxers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6923. [PMID: 38519584 PMCID: PMC10960048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To compare masticatory muscle thickness in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) during rest and clenching, and by body position, using ultrasonography. This prospective study included 96 patients with TMD (67 females, 29 males; mean age: 40.41 ± 17.88 years): group 1, comprising 66 patients with TMD without bruxism (TMD_nonbruxer), and group 2, comprising 30 patients with concurrent TMD and bruxism (TMD_bruxer). In patients with TMD, bruxism was correlated with the presence of tinnitus, muscle stiffness, sleep problems, psychological stress, and restricted mouth opening. The masseter muscle significantly thickened during clenching (11.16 ± 3.03 mm vs 14.04 ± 3.47 mm, p < 0.001), whereas the temporalis muscle showed no significant increase in thickness from resting to clenching in an upright position (7.91 ± 1.98 vs 8.39 ± 2.08, p = 0.103). Similarly, during clenching in the supine position, the masseter muscle was significantly thicker compared with rest (11.24 ± 2.42 vs 13.49 ± 3.09, p < 0.001), but no significant difference was observed in temporal muscle thickness (8.21 ± 2.16 vs 8.43 ± 1.94, p = 0.464). In comparison between two groups, the average thickness of the masseter muscle was greater among TMD_bruxers than among TMD_nonbruxers in both the upright and supine positions (all p < 0.05). In the generalized lineal model, female sex (B = - 1.018, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.855 to - 0.181, p = 0.017) and bruxism (B = 0.868, 95% CI 0.567 to 1.169, p = 0.048) significantly predicted changes in masseter muscle thickness. Female sex (B = - 0.201, 95% CI - 0.299 to - 0.103, p = 0.011), increased age (B = - 0.003, 95% CI - 0.005 to 0.000, p = 0.038), and muscle stiffness (B = - 1.373, 95% CI - 2.369 to - 0.376, p = 0.007) were linked to decreased temporal muscle thickness. Comparing TMD nonbruxer and bruxer muscle thicknesses in upright and supine positions revealed significant increased thickness in the masseter muscle during clenching but not in the temporalis muscle. Masseter muscle thickness varied significantly by sex, body position, and resting/clenching, notably influenced by bruxism. These findings emphasize the relevance of these factors in clinical examinations of patients with TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Yang-Hyun Chun
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hyungkyu Bae
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Human Identification Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Human Identification Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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Maeda-Iino A, Osako Y, Nakagawa S, Takahashi K, Oga Y, Furukawa-Sainoki M, Harada M, Fukushima M, Miyawaki S. Relationship between masseter muscle activity during wakefulness and temporomandibular disorder-related symptoms. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:455-468. [PMID: 38030583 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Masseter muscle activity during wakefulness may be associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD)-related symptoms, psychosocial status and pain-related disability; however, this relationship is unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the relationship between masseter muscle electromyography (EMG) burst/duration during wakefulness and TMD-related symptoms, psychosocial status and pain-related disability. METHODS Sixty participants were assessed masseter muscle activity during wakefulness using a data-logger-type ultraminiature EMG system and TMD-related symptoms, psychosocial status and pain-related disability through Axis I and II of the diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD). EMG bursts lasting longer than 0.25 s but less than 2.0 s and those lasting longer than 2.0 s were classified as phasic and tonic bursts, respectively. RESULTS Participants with palpation-related pain in the temporalis and masseter muscles, as assessed through the DC/TMD examination form in Axis I, had more bursts (number/h) (p = .035 and p = .009, respectively) and longer duration (time/h) (p = .013 and p = .004, respectively) of tonic bursts of the masseter muscle during wakefulness. Participants with palpation-related pain in the masseter muscles had higher oral behaviour scores during wakefulness using Axis II (p = .001), which affected the number and duration of tonic bursts of the masseter muscle activity during wakefulness (p = .011 and p = .007, respectively). CONCLUSION As tonic bursts mainly reflect clenching, individuals with pain in the masseter muscles by palpation may have a high frequency and longer duration of clenching, as well as a high frequency of oral behaviours during wakefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Maeda-Iino
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Osako
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Developmental Dentistry, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shoko Nakagawa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Developmental Dentistry, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Oga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Minami Furukawa-Sainoki
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Marina Harada
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mika Fukushima
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shouichi Miyawaki
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Okamoto A, Karibe H, Tanaka S, Kato Y, Kawakami T, Okamoto Y, Goddard G. Effect of aromatherapy with peppermint essential oil on the gag reflex: a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, crossover study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:60. [PMID: 38281005 PMCID: PMC10822155 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensitive gag reflexes prevent dental patients from receiving appropriate treatment. Aromatherapy helps patients relax during dental procedures. However, the effect of aromatherapy on the gag reflex caused by the stimulation of the oral cavity is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate whether aromatherapy reduces gag reflexes during oral stimulation. METHODS In this randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, crossover study, the gag reflexes of 24 healthy individuals (12 females and 12 males; mean age: 34.3 ± 9.5 years) were quantified. A standard saliva ejector was slowly guided down the participant's throat to determine the maximum tolerance of the gag reflex, and the insertion distance was measured to quantify the gag reflex. All individuals participated in an aromatherapy session with peppermint essential oil and a placebo session with distilled water. The gag reflex was quantified before (baseline) and after each session. Another measurement was performed using nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation as a positive control. RESULTS Gag reflex values significantly increased after aromatherapy with both peppermint essential oil and placebo compared to baseline values (paired t-test, P < 0.001 and P = 0.014, respectively). The gag reflex value also increased significantly during nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation (paired t-test, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the increase rate of gag reflex values between the positive control and aromatherapy interventions, but it was significantly lower after the placebo intervention (repeated measures analysis of variance, P = 0.003; post-hoc test, P = 0.83 and P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Aromatherapy with peppermint essential oil has the potential for reducing gag reflex during dental procedures. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in the University hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry under the code UMIN000050616 (approved 17/03/2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuko Okamoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1- 9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Karibe
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1- 9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1- 9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kato
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1- 9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kawakami
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1- 9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yutaka Okamoto
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Greg Goddard
- University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Uziel N, Gilon E, Bar I, Edri N, Eli I. Excessive Gag Reflex, Dental Anxiety, and Phobia of Vomiting in Dental Care. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(23)00982-6. [PMID: 38228431 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most known and commonly studied behavioral obstacle to dental care is dental anxiety. An obstacle that is less studied though no less problematic is excessive gag reflex, which can severely impede dental treatment. Another understudied and possibly related syndrome is emetophobia (a specific phobia of vomiting). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine possible comorbidity amongst self-reported emetophobia, dental anxiety, and excessive gagging in the dental office. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using the following self-report questionnaires: Dental Anxiety Scale, Gagging Problem Assessment, Gagging Assessment Scale (GAS), and Specific Phobia of Vomiting Inventory (SPOVI). RESULTS In all, 164 participants fully completed the questionnaires (87.8% female; mean age, 34 ± 11.07 years). Positive correlations were found amongst all variables (P < .001). High gagging (GAS > 6) was associated with a 7.29 times (P < .000) greater risk of positive emetophobia (SPOVI ≥ 10). Linear regression analyses revealed that the intensity of the reflex and the experience of gagging upon encountering odours in the dental office as well as dental anxiety and vomiting phobia significantly predicted participants' gagging scores as evaluated by GAS (R2 = 0.59; F = 21.16; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The study shows that excessive gagging reflex in the dental office is closely related both to dental anxiety and to emetophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Uziel
- Unit of Medical Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Efrat Gilon
- Unit of Medical Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Idan Bar
- Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naftaly Edri
- Unit of Medical Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilana Eli
- Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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7
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Ishimaru T, Yamaguchi T, Saito T, Hattori Y, Ono T, Arai Y, Hasegawa Y, Shiga H, Tamaki K, Tanaka J, Tsuga K, Abekura H, Miyawaki S, Maeda-Lino A, Mikami S, Gotouda A, Satoh K, Shimizu K, Kato Y, Namita T. Actual state of the diurnal masseteric electromyogram: Differences between awareness and non-awareness of awake bruxism. J Prosthodont Res 2024:JPR_D_23_00072. [PMID: 38220162 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_23_00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between diurnal masseter muscle activity and awareness of diurnal awake bruxism (d-AB) by conducting a comparative analysis of electromyographic (EMG) data from individuals with and without awareness of diurnal awake bruxism (d-AB), utilizing EMG data gathered from multiple subjects. METHODS Unilateral masseter electromyography (EMG) recordings were performed during the daytime using an ultraminiature wearable EMG device. A total of 119 participants (59 with awareness of diurnal tooth clenching [d-TC] and 60 without awareness of d-TC) were included. Waveforms longer than 0.25 s with the two amplitude conditions, exceeding twice the baseline and >5% of maximum voluntary clenching, were extracted. In addition, the number of bursts and episodes (groups of bursts), burst duration, and burst peak amplitude were calculated for each participant. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the EMG parameters between the groups with and without awareness of d-TC. Additionally, the frequency distribution of the number of EMG waveforms exhibited wide ranges and substantial overlap between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The variability in the number of bursts and episodes, burst peak amplitude, and burst duration among subjects suggests the need for an objective classification of d-AB severity based on EMG values. The absence of significant differences and large overlap in frequency distributions between the groups with and without awareness of d-TC indicate difficulty in predicting muscle activity solely based on awareness of d-AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishimaru
- Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taihiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taishi Saito
- Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hattori
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ono
- Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Arai
- Oral Implant & Temporomandibular Joint Clinic, Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoko Hasegawa
- Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiga
- Department of Partial and Complete Denture, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tamaki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine (OIM) Division of Prosthodontic Dentistry for function of TMJ and Occlusion, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusion Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsuga
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Abekura
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shouichi Miyawaki
- Department of Orthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Aya Maeda-Lino
- Department of Orthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Saki Mikami
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorder, Center for Advanced Oral Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akihito Gotouda
- Department of Temporomandibular Disorder, Center for Advanced Oral Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Satoh
- Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koichi Shimizu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuji Kato
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Namita
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Tinastepe N, Iscan I. Relationship between bruxism and smartphone overuse in young adults. Cranio 2024; 42:55-62. [PMID: 33787472 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1909456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the possible relationship between bruxism and smartphone overuse and assess the potential role of anxiety and depression in this relationship. The null hypothesis was that there was no significant difference between sleep bruxism (SB) and/or awake bruxism (AB) and non-bruxers in the level of smartphone overuse, anxiety, and depression. METHODS In total, 167 dental students were included in this study. They were evaluated using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria, Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). T-test and chi-square test were used to compare the means and percentages between groups. RESULTS A higher percentage of sleep bruxers were high smartphone users (60.3%) compared to non-SBs (44.2%). The frequencies of high smartphone users among participants with high anxiety and depression were higher than those with low anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION SB and high smartphone use were positively associated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ipek Iscan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Karagozoglu I, Ozcan M. Evaluation of biochemical changes and treatment efficacy in patients with bruxism following botulinum toxin or splint therapy: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:43. [PMID: 38153567 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05453-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This clinical study aims to analyze the levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of persons with bruxism and to compare the efficacy of botulinum toxin (botox) and occlusal splint treatments through biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 patients with bruxism were selected according to the clinical examination and anamnesis of which 20 received occlusal splint treatment and 20 botox treatment. GCF samples were taken from the patients before and after treatment. Cortisol, DHEA, and TNF-α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test. The change in measurements between time and groups and the time-group interaction were tested by repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the cortisol levels before and after treatment in both groups (p = 0.001). In individuals with bruxism, a statistically significant decrease in cortisol levels was observed after both treatments (p < 0.05), while DHEA levels increased after treatment but were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between TNF-α intra-group measurements (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Stress and inflammatory biomarkers were found to be associated with bruxism. Cortisol levels decreased in people with bruxism after treatment with both occlusal splint and botox. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both splint and botox treatments were effective for bruxism by reducing the stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Karagozoglu
- School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Gaziantep University, Şahinbey, 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Mutlu Ozcan
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Archer AB, Da-Cas CD, Valesan LF, Cunha TCA, Januzzi E, Garanhani RR, de La Torre Canales G, de Souza BDM. Prevalence of awake bruxism in the adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:7007-7018. [PMID: 37853263 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of awake bruxism (AB) in the adult population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six main electronic databases and three sources of grey literature were searched to identify cross-sectional studies in which AB was assessed. The studies were independently selected by two reviewers in two phases, based on their eligibility criteria. The first one consisted of reading titles and abstracts, and the second one involved reading the full articles. The study quality assessment was obtained by using the "Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data", and the "R Statistics" software was used to perform meta-analyses. RESULTS Seventeen out of 3086 identified studies were included. None of the studies scored high in methodological quality across all 9 items of the JBI checklist. However, "the use of valid methods to identify pathology" and "appropriate statistical analysis" were considered to have high methodological quality in all the studies. The overall pooled prevalence of the meta-analysis was 15.44% (99% confidence interval: 10.81 to 20.72%) and there was no difference for sex, sampling method and according to consensus-based classification. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of AB in adults was low. There was substantial methodological variability, which highlights the need for standardized guidelines. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Prevalence data are useful for raising patients' and clinicians' awareness of the AB. Moreover, since AB can lead to possible pain and overload of the stomatognathic system, this knowledge can also guide dentists to achieve an early diagnosis of AB and to provide appropriate care management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Battisti Archer
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Av. Delfino Conti, S/N - Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Cecília Doebber Da-Cas
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Av. Delfino Conti, S/N - Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Lígia Figueiredo Valesan
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Av. Delfino Conti, S/N - Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Thays Crosara Abrahão Cunha
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121 - Santa Mônica, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Januzzi
- Orofacial Pain Center, Hospital Mater Dei (HMD), Av. Gonçalves Dias, 2.700 - Santo Agostinho, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-094, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ramos Garanhani
- Zenith Specialization School, Av. Trompowsky, 354 - 1 - Centro, Florianópolis, SC, 88015-300, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo de La Torre Canales
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM); Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes de Souza
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Av. Delfino Conti, S/N - Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
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11
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Chattrattrai T, Aarab G, Su N, Blanken TF, Mitrirattanakul S, Lobbezoo F. The association of self-reported awake bruxism and sleep bruxism with temporomandibular pain and dysfunction in adult patients with temporomandibular disorders. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:7501-7511. [PMID: 37864603 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of the severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) pain and dysfunction with the frequency of self-reported awake bruxism (AB), sleep bruxism (SB), and stress in an adult TMD-patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 237 TMD patients based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. Age, sex, frequency of self-reported AB and SB, and stress were included as independent variables. TMD pain and TMD dysfunction were included as dependent variables in regression analyses. Univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to predict TMD pain and TMD dysfunction in two separate models. Finally, network analysis was performed to investigate the associations between all variables. RESULTS In the univariate analyses, TMD pain was significantly associated with self-reported AB-frequent (unstandardized coefficient (B) = 3.196, 95%CI 1.198-5.195, p = 0.002). TMD dysfunction was significantly associated with AB-frequent (B = 2.208, 95%CI 0.177-4.238, p = 0.033) and SB-sometimes (B = 1.698, 95%CI 0.001-3.394, p = 0.050). In the multivariable analyses, TMD pain was significantly associated with TMD dysfunction (B = 0.370, p < 0.001), stress (B=0.102, p < 0.001). TMD dysfunction was significantly associated with TMD pain (B = 0.410, p < 0.001) only. Network analysis showed that TMD pain is a bridge factor between AB, stress, and TMD dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS TMD pain is directly associated with AB, stress, and TMD dysfunction, while TMD dysfunction is only associated with TMD pain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Reducing pain may improve pain-related dysfunction, and the management of AB and stress may improve TMD pain and dysfunction, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiprawee Chattrattrai
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Masticatory Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ghizlane Aarab
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Naichuan Su
- Department of Oral Public Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tessa F Blanken
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Somsak Mitrirattanakul
- Department of Masticatory Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Chattrattrai T, Janal MN, Lobbezoo F, Raphael KG. The association between sleep bruxism and awake bruxism: Polysomnographic and electromyographic recordings in women with and without myofascial pain. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:822-829. [PMID: 37073471 PMCID: PMC10524115 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep bruxism (SB) and awake bruxism (AB) are masticatory muscle activities that are rarely assessed in the same individuals and are thought to be associated with different behaviours. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether individuals engaging in SB also engage in AB, that occurs during rest and during stress-related activity, and to investigate whether SB and AB are associated with different characteristics. METHODS Females with myofascial pain (N = 122) and non-myofascial pain controls (N = 46) were evaluated for SB events and for AB events at rest and AB during stress-related activity, using electromyographic (EMG) recordings and a standardised scoring of bruxism events. The joint distributions between SB and AB events and EMG activity were evaluated, and the characteristic qualities of SB and AB were assessed. RESULTS Neither SB event rates nor the EMG activity associated with those events was associated with AB events rates or EMG activity, either at rest or during stress-related activity. On the contrary, event rates and EMG activity when awake and at rest were positively associated with events and activity during stress-related activity. SB was characterised mainly by grinding, while AB was characterised mainly by clenching. CONCLUSION Sleep bruxism and awake bruxism do not tend to occur in the same individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiprawee Chattrattrai
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Masticatory Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Malvin N. Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen G. Raphael
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Kuang B, Aarab G, Wei Y, Blanken TF, Lobbezoo F, Someren EJWV, Ramautar JR, Wassing R. Associations between signs of sleep bruxism and insomnia: A polysomnographic study. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13827. [PMID: 36703561 PMCID: PMC10909425 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Sleep bruxism (SB) is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. Sleep bruxism has been linked with insomnia symptoms. Moreover, it has been suggested that there is a positive association between distress and the occurrence of sleep bruxism. However, the occurrence of sleep bruxism and its association with distress have not been studied in patients with insomnia. Therefore, we hypothesised that: (1) the occurrence of sleep bruxism is higher in patients with insomnia than in healthy controls; and (2) the occurrence of sleep bruxism in insomnia patients with moderate to high distress (IMHD) is higher than that in insomnia patients with slight distress (ISD). A total of 44 controls (34 females, 10 males, mean ± SD age = 46.8 ± 14.4 years) and 42 participants with insomnia (35 females, 7 males, mean ± SD age = 51.3 ± 12.1 years) were enrolled in this study. Among 42 participants with insomnia, 20 participants were subtyped as IMHD, 17 participants as ISD. Another five participants were not subtyped due to insufficient information. Group differences in rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA), a biomarker of sleep bruxism, were evaluated with Mann-Whitney U tests. The medians and interquartile ranges of the RMMA indices were 0.8|1.8|3.3 in controls, 1.1|1.6|2.3 in IMHD and 1.2|1.9|2.9 in ISD. There was no significant difference in the RMMA index, neither between participants with insomnia and controls (P = 0.514) nor between IMHD versus ISD (P = 0.270). The occurrence of RMMA indicators of possible sleep bruxism is not significantly different between individuals with insomnia and controls, nor between IMHD versus ISD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Kuang
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Taikang Bybo DentalBeijingChina
| | - Ghizlane Aarab
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Yishul Wei
- Department of Sleep and CognitionNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tessa F. Blanken
- Department of Sleep and CognitionNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Psychological MethodsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eus J. W. Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and CognitionNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam NeuroscienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jennifer R. Ramautar
- Department of Sleep and CognitionNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- N=You Neurodevelopmental Precision Center, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Rick Wassing
- Department of Sleep and CognitionNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical ResearchThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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14
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Bartolucci ML, Incerti Parenti S, Bortolotti F, Della Godenza V, Vandi S, Pizza F, Plazzi G, Alessandri-Bonetti G. Sleep Bruxism and Orofacial Pain in Patients with Sleep Disorders: A Controlled Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082997. [PMID: 37109339 PMCID: PMC10142632 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gold standard for the diagnosis of sleep bruxism (SB) is laboratory polysomnography (L-PSG) recording. However, many clinicians still define SB using patients' self-assessment and/or clinical tooth wear (TW). The purpose of this cross-sectional controlled study was to compare the prevalence of TW, head-neck muscles sensitivity and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) between SB and non-SB patients diagnosed with L-PSG in a cohort of patient with sleep disorders (SD). METHODS 102 adult subjects with suspected SD underwent L-PSG recording to assess the presence of sleep disorder and SB. TW was clinically analyzed using TWES 2.0. The pressure pain threshold (PPT) of masticatory muscles were assessed using a Fisher algometer. Diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) were used to evaluate the presence of TMD. SB self-assessment questionnaires were administered. TWES score, PPT, TMD prevalence and questionnaire results were compared between SB and non-SB patients. RESULTS 22 SB patients and 66 non-SB patients with SD were included. No significant differences emerged between groups in regards to TW, the PPT values, or SB's self-assessment questionnaires as well the prevalence of TMD. CONCLUSION in a SD population, TW is not pathognomonic of active SB and SB self-assessment is not reliable. There seems to be no correlation between SB, TMD and head/neck muscle sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Incerti Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Bortolotti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Della Godenza
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Vandi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Pizza
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Plazzi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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15
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Ommerborn MA, Özbek A, Grunwald M, Depprich RA, Walentek NP, Franken M, Schäfer R. Effects on general pain perception and dental pulp sensibility in probable sleep bruxism subjects by experimentally induced pain in a pilot study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5836. [PMID: 37037840 PMCID: PMC10086053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this pilot study, the general pain perception and the dental pulp sensibility of probable sleep bruxism (SB) subjects were compared with that of non-SB subjects. The cold pressor test (CPT), electric pulp test (EPT), and thermal pulp test with CO2 snow were executed by one trained dentist (blind to SB diagnosis). A one-factorial multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with SB diagnosis as independent variable and standardized measures regarding pain perception and evaluation was performed. One-hundred-and-five participants (53 SB and 52 non-SB subjects) were included. The one-factorial MANOVA revealed a significant difference between SB and non-SB subjects (p = 0.01) concerning pain perception variables. Post-hoc univariate analyses of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant lower general pain tolerance (p = 0.02), higher general subjective sensibility of the teeth (p < 0.01), and a statistical trend for higher subjective dental pain intensity (p = 0.07) in SB subjects. In most of the standardized variables, probable SB subjects seem to react and feel similar to non-SB subjects. However, as probable SB subjects subjectively perceive their teeth to be more sensitive and tend to rate their subjective dental pain intensity more intensely after CO2 testing, data might point to a somatosensory amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Alicia Ommerborn
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Adem Özbek
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maike Grunwald
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rita Antonia Depprich
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Pascale Walentek
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Franken
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ralf Schäfer
- Clinical Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Kurt MH, Yilmaz S, Evli C, Karahan S. Comparative evaluation of trabecular bone structures of bruxist and non-bruxist individuals with bone apposition in the mandible angle region by fractal analysis. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:360-369. [PMID: 36794633 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the trabecular internal structure of different regions of the mandible according to the grades of appositional classification in the mandible angle region in probable bruxist individuals and non-bruxist G0(Convex course of the basal cortex, no directional change, no bone apposition) individuals by measuring fractal dimension (FD) on panoramic radiographs. METHODS 200 sample jaws, bilaterally, of 80 probable bruxists and 20 non-bruxist G0 individuals were included in the study. According to the classification in the literature, each mandible angle apposition severity was classified as G0-G1-G2-G3. FD was calculated by selecting the region of interest (ROI) area of 7 regions from each sample. Gender differences in changes between ROIs in radiographs and independent samples t-test were evaluated. Relation between categorical variables was determined by chi-square test (p < .05). RESULTS In the comparison of the probable bruxist and non-bruxist G0 groups, FD was found to be statistically significantly higher in the mandible angle (p = 0.013) and cortical bone (p = 0.000) regions in the probable bruxist group than in the non-bruxist G0 group. There is a statistically significant difference between probable bruxist G0 and non-bruxist G0 grades in terms of FD averages in cortical bone (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was found in the relationship of ROIs with gender in canine apex (p = 0.021) and canine distal (p = 0.041) regions. CONCLUSION FD was found to be higher in the mandibular angle region and cortical bone in probable bruxist individuals than in non-bruxist G0 individuals. Morphological changes seen in the mandible angulus region may be a finding that may raise suspicion for bruxism for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Hakan Kurt
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yilmaz
- Faculty of Dentistry Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Evli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Karahan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Besirevic-Bulic F, Schmid-Schwap M, Kundi M, Sagl B, Piehslinger E. Wear Management of Colored Foils for the Assessment of Sleep Bruxism Patterns-A Prospective, Randomized Crossover Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020172. [PMID: 36672982 PMCID: PMC9858571 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of bruxism relies on clinical examinations, questionnaires, and polysomnography. The additional use of colored foils (BruxChecker®) could enable a more precise evaluation of bruxing patterns. To assess differences between use of the foils during stress periods or just on consecutive nights and to determine a reasonable duration of using the foils, 28 patients were classified according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and were randomly assigned to wearing the 12 foils for six consecutive nights (alternately in the upper and lower jaw; "consecutive") or six nights within one month following days of high stress ("stress") in a crossover design. The sizes of the attrition areas were measured with ImageJ. Stress was evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale. The Stress Coping Questionnaire (SVF-120) was used for assessing habitual stress coping strategies. Areas of attrition increased significantly from day 1/2 to 5/6, both for the upper and lower jaw. Molars in the mandible had significantly larger attrition areas than in the maxilla. No significant differences were detected between "consecutive" and "stress" phases. The foils were suitable for differentiating teeth more or less affected by bruxism and were able to show that areas of attrition increased with days, indicating that some adaptation takes place and several days of wearing the foils are required to show the full picture. However, no differences between low/moderate- and high-stress phases were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferida Besirevic-Bulic
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Martina Schmid-Schwap
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Center for Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Sagl
- Center of Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Piehslinger
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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18
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Knibbe W, Lobbezoo F, Voorendonk EM, Visscher C, de Jongh A. Prevalence of painful temporomandibular disorders, awake bruxism and sleep bruxism among patients with severe post-traumatic stress disorder. J Oral Rehabil 2022; 49:1031-1040. [PMID: 36056716 PMCID: PMC9825945 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with painful temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and may be part of the aetiology of awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB). Investigating the associations between PTSD symptoms on the one hand, and painful TMD, AB and SB on the other, can help tailoring treatment to the needs of this patient group. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between PTSD symptoms and painful TMD, AB and SB among patients with PTSD, focusing on prevalence, symptom severity and the influence of trauma history on the presence of painful TMD, AB and SB. METHODS Individuals (N = 673) attending a specialised PTSD clinic were assessed (pre-treatment) for painful TMD (TMD pain screener), AB and SB (Oral Behaviours Checklist), PTSD symptoms (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale) and type of traumatic events (Life Events Checklist). RESULTS Painful TMD, AB and SB were more prevalent among patients with PTSD (28.4%, 48.3% and 40.1%, respectively) than in the general population (8.0%, 31.0% and 15.3%, respectively; all p's < .001). PTSD symptom severity was found to be significantly, but poorly, associated with the severity of painful TMD (rs = .126, p = .001), AB (rs = .155, p < .001) and SB (rs = .084, p = .029). Patients who had been exposed to sexual assault were more likely to report AB than patients who had not. Similarly, exposure to physical violence was associated with increased odds for SB. CONCLUSION Patients with severe PTSD are more likely to experience painful TMD, AB or SB, whereas type of traumatic event can be of influence. These findings can contribute to selecting appropriate treatment modalities when treating patients with painful TMD, AB and SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Knibbe
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eline M. Voorendonk
- Research DepartmentPSYTRECBilthovenThe Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Corine M. Visscher
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ad de Jongh
- Research DepartmentPSYTRECBilthovenThe Netherlands
- Department of Social Dentistry and Behavioural Sciences, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- School of Health SciencesSalford UniversityManchesterUK
- Institute of Health and SocietyUniversity of WorcesterWorcesterUK
- School of PsychologyQueen's UniversityBelfastUK
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19
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Strooker H, de Waal YCM, Bildt MM. Psychological risk indicators for peri-implantitis: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:980-987. [PMID: 35569030 PMCID: PMC9796085 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between peri-implantitis and psychological distress, and potentially related/mediating factors such as general health, bruxism, and lifestyle factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who received dental implants at a private practice in the Netherlands between January 2011 and January 2014 were recalled on a 5-year clinical and radiographic follow-up examination. Presence of peri-implantitis was examined, and patients completed questionnaires measuring psychological distress (Symptom Checklist [SCL]-90), bruxism, general health, and lifestyle factors. Associations between the self-reported factors and peri-implantitis were analysed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS A total of 230 patients (with 347 implants) were included in the analysis. Prevalence of (mild to severe) peri-implantitis was 30% (69 patients). Variables that showed a significant univariable association with peri-implantitis (p < .10) were the SCL-90 subdomain depression, smoking, current medical treatment, and lung problems. In the multivariate regression analysis, depression was the only variable that was significantly associated with peri-implantitis (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The presence of depressive symptoms is a risk indicator for peri-implantitis. Recognizing the potential negative impact of depressive symptoms may allow for better identification of high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Strooker
- Zijlweg DentalHaarlemThe Netherlands,Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Catharina Maria de Waal
- Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Miriam Margot Bildt
- Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands,Center for Special Care DentistryMartini HospitalGroningenThe Netherlands
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20
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Lee YH, Auh QS. Clinical factors affecting depression in patients with painful temporomandibular disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14667. [PMID: 36038574 PMCID: PMC9421627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a multifactorial condition associated with both physical and psychological factors. Stress has been known to trigger or worsens TMD. We aimed to investigate whether the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic aggravates depression in patients with painful TMD, and the factors that affect their level of depression. We included 112 patients with painful TMD (74 females, 38 males; mean age: 35.90 ± 17.60 years; myalgia [n = 38], arthralgia [n = 43], mixed joint-muscle TMD pain [n = 31]). TMD was diagnosed based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD Axis I. Physical pain intensity was recorded using the visual analog scale (VAS); psycho-emotional status (depression: Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], anxiety: Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI], and generalized stress related to COVID19: Global Assessment of Recent Stress [GARS]) was investigated twice (before [BC] and after COVID-19 [AC]). Additionally, factors affecting BDI-AC were investigated. BDI (p < 0.001), BAI (p < 0.001), GARS (p < 0.001), and VAS (p < 0.01) scores were significantly increased at AC than BC. The depression, anxiety, and stress levels were significantly positively correlated, and the AC and BC values of each factor showed a high correlation. In the mixed TMD group, BDI-AC was positively correlated with VAS-AC (p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, clenching habit was the strongest predictor of an increase in the BDI scores from moderate to severe, followed by psychological distress, muscle stiffness, female sex, BAI-AC, and TMJ sounds. COVID-19 has negatively affected the psycho-emotional state of patients with painful TMD, and several clinical factors, including female sex and clenching habits, have influenced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Q-Schick Auh
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
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Bahammam HA. Validation of Sleep Bruxism Questionnaire Toward the Experience of Jaw Pain and Limitation of Jaw Movement in Saudi Arabian Adolescents. Cureus 2022; 14:e26120. [PMID: 35875291 PMCID: PMC9298670 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bruxism in children and adolescents is underreported and needs strong awareness among parents. No study has attempted to validate the sleep bruxism questionnaire, particularly in Saudi adolescents. Objective: This study aims to validate the sleep bruxism questionnaire on the experience of jaw pain and limitation of jaw movement in Saudi adolescents from 10 to 19 years of age. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional (survey) study in which we distributed an Arabic translation of a questionnaire on sleep bruxism among 200 parents of patients who attended the dental clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for treatment. Cronbach's alpha and interclass correlation coefficients were checked for reliability and internal consistency of the items. For validity, convergent validity analysis was accomplished by analyzing temporomandibular disorder and sleep bruxism. The response rate was 85%. Results: There was a weak association between jaw pain with jaw lock (coefficient value = 0.249) and bruxism (coefficient value = 0.287). Bruxism and jaw lock had a robust correlation (coefficient value = 0.920). Conclusion: The Arabic version of the sleep bruxism questionnaire is reliable and valid for assessing sleep bruxism toward the experience of jaw pain and limitation of jaw movement in Saudi Arabian adolescent patients.
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22
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Verhoeff MC, Koutris M, Berendse HW, van Dijk KD, Lobbezoo F. Parkinson's disease, temporomandibular disorder pain and bruxism and its clinical consequences: a protocol of a single-centre observational outpatient study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052329. [PMID: 35437243 PMCID: PMC9016408 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A recent questionnaire-based study suggested that bruxism and painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD pain) may be more prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with controls. The presence of both bruxism and TMD pain may negatively influence patients' quality of life. The present study is designed to clinically and more objectively investigate the presence of bruxism and TMD pain in patients with PD. The secondary aim of the study is to identify factors associated with bruxism and TMD pain in patients with PD, such as disease severity and dopaminergic medication usage. Furthermore, the presence of tooth wear in patients with PD will be studied as this can be a major consequence of bruxism. Finally, deviations in saliva composition that may contribute to tooth wear will be studied. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a single-centre observational outpatient study at the Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD will be eligible for inclusion. Participants will fill in a set of questionnaires. Subsequently, patients will be examined clinically for, among others, TMD pain, presence and severity of tooth wear, and deviations in saliva composition. Sleep-time registrations will take place for 5 nights with the GrindCare GC4 (ie, a portable, single-channel electromyographic recorder) to assess sleep bruxism and simultaneously by the use of the BruxApp for 5 days to assess awake bruxism. We will partly use data collected during standard clinical care to minimise patient burden. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The scientific and ethical aspects of this study protocol have been approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee of the Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc; NL. 2019.143. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, if relevant presented at conferences, and published as part of a PhD thesis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NL8307.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michail Koutris
- Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk W Berendse
- Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin D van Dijk
- Epilepsy Netherlands Foundation Sleep-Wake Centre, Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - F Lobbezoo
- Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Carrillo‐Diaz M, Ortega‐Martínez AR, Romero‐Maroto M, González‐Olmo MJ. Lockdown impact on lifestyle and its association with oral parafunctional habits and bruxism in a Spanish adolescent population. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:185-193. [PMID: 34046944 PMCID: PMC8242462 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the possible association between decreased physical and social activity and an increase in the use of mobile devices, internet, and social networks with increased anxiety and the appearance of oral parafunctions and bruxism for adolescents before and during COVID-19. DESIGN A total of 213 adolescents attended private clinics at two different times: before lockdown (T0) and after completion of total lockdown (T1). In T0 and T1, a clinical examination was carried out to assess dental wear (IA) and only in T1 were they given the self-report questionnaire which focuses on the periods before and during lockdown (self-reported bruxism, state anxiety, mobile phone and internet, social network use, physical and social activity, and questions on parafunctions). RESULTS There were a decrease in physical activity at T0-T1 and an increase in social media use, internet, state anxiety, and clinical and self-reported bruxism at T0-T1. There was a positive correlation between increased self-reported bruxism, increased social media use, mobile device use, and state anxiety. CONCLUSIONS There has been a change in adolescent lifestyle during lockdown with an increase in the prevalence of oral parafunctions and bruxism. In particular, the increase in the use of social networks at night and also in anxiety levels during lockdown were associated with of the increase in self-reported bruxism.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carrillo‐Diaz
- Orthodontic and Pediatric dentistry DepartmentRey Juan Carlos UniversityAlcorcónSpain
| | | | - Martín Romero‐Maroto
- Orthodontic and Pediatric dentistry DepartmentRey Juan Carlos UniversityAlcorcónSpain
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24
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Winocur-Arias O, Winocur E, Shalev-Antsel T, Reiter S, Shifra L, Emodi-Perlman A, Friedman-Rubin P. Painful Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism and Oral Parafunctions before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: A Sex Comparison among Dental Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030589. [PMID: 35160041 PMCID: PMC8837112 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the effect of the current coronavirus pandemic on the prevalence of bruxism, oral parafunctions and painful Temporo-Mandibular Disorders (TMDs) and to evaluate the influence of the pandemic on both sexes. Methods: This retrospective study included 288 dental patients who underwent complete anamnesis and examination according to the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. The study evaluated two patient populations according to the date of examination: (a) pre-COVID-19 pandemic era (108 patients); (b) COVID 19 pandemic era, where 180 patients were examined during the pandemic. Results: A significant increase in parafunction activity was found in both men and women (p < 0.001) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB) was more prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic solely in women (AB-p < 0.001; SB-p = 0.014). Conclusions: Men and women were affected by the ongoing stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic, yet women showed a higher influence as compared to men. The long-term exposure to elevated levels of anxiety and stress may aggravate or trigger stomatognathic detrimental conditions. Dentists should be aware and regularly monitor their patients regarding the possible existence and consequences of bruxism and TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Winocur-Arias
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (O.W.-A.); (R.S.)
| | - Efraim Winocur
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (E.W.); (T.S.-A.); (L.S.); (P.F.-R.)
| | - Tamar Shalev-Antsel
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (E.W.); (T.S.-A.); (L.S.); (P.F.-R.)
| | - Shoshana Reiter
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (O.W.-A.); (R.S.)
| | - Levartovsky Shifra
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (E.W.); (T.S.-A.); (L.S.); (P.F.-R.)
| | - Alona Emodi-Perlman
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (E.W.); (T.S.-A.); (L.S.); (P.F.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pessia Friedman-Rubin
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (E.W.); (T.S.-A.); (L.S.); (P.F.-R.)
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25
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Macek P, Wieckiewicz M, Poreba R, Gac P, Bogunia-Kubik K, Dratwa M, Wojakowska A, Mazur G, Martynowicz H. Assessment of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Sleep Bruxism. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030525. [PMID: 35159976 PMCID: PMC8836512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep bruxism (SB) is a widespread masticatory muscle activity during sleep and affects approximately 13.2% of the general population. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) plays a role in preventing the shortening of the telomere. This prospective, observational study aimed to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of TERT and the severity of SB and to identify the independent risk factors for SB. Methods: A total of 112 patients were diagnosed by performing one-night polysomnography based on the guidelines of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. TERT SNP was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: Statistical analysis showed the lack of relationship between the rs2853669 polymorphism of TERT and severity of SB (p > 0.05). However, the study showed that patients with allele T in the 2736100 polymorphism of TERT had a lower score on the phasic bruxism episode index (BEI). Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the value of phasic BEI was 0.8 for the differential prediction for the presence of allele T in the locus. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.328 and 0.893, respectively. The regression analysis showed that lack of TERT rs2736100 T allele, male gender, and arterial hypertension are the risk factors for the higher value of phasic BEI. Conclusion: The SNP of the TERT gene affects phasic SB intensity. The absence of TERT rs2736100 T allele, male sex, and arterial hypertension are independent risk factors for phasic SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Macek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.M.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Rafal Poreba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.M.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Pawel Gac
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.B.-K.); (M.D.)
| | - Marta Dratwa
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.B.-K.); (M.D.)
| | - Anna Wojakowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.M.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.M.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.M.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
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Koroglu A, Kaya M, Sahin O. The relationship of psychological status and sociodemographic factors with bruxism among undergraduate dental students: A national survey. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:944-950. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1980_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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The Association between Emotional Stress, Sleep, and Awake Bruxism among Dental Students: A Sex Comparison. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010010. [PMID: 35011750 PMCID: PMC8745487 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial factors may play an important role in the etiology of sleep and awake bruxism. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between emotional stress and bruxism in male and female dental students at various stages of their education. Dental education in Israel is based on a six-year curriculum, divided into three stages: pre-medical studies (yr. 1-2), manual skills (yr. 3-4), and clinical experience (yr. 5-6). Each stage requires different capabilities and skills. Questionnaires regarding psychological state (SCL-90) measuring depression, anxiety, and somatization as well as stress evaluation questioners (Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire 14) were completed by 387 dental students in the 1st to 6th years. Sleep and awake bruxism were evaluated based on the respondent's awareness. During the manual stage of studies, a significant increase was identified, albeit with weak correlations, between stress scales, depression, anxiety, somatization, and the prevalence of awake bruxism, particularly among males. Only in females was sleep bruxism correlated with emotional parameters, whereas no significant difference in sleep bruxism was observed in males throughout the stages of the study. The manual years of dental education were found to be linked to higher levels of emotional distress and awake bruxism, particularly in men. Sleep bruxism, on the other hand, was not directly linked to emotional factors, implying a distinct etiology.
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Uma U, Fongpisuttikul P, Padungpipatbawon P, Luyapan P. Prevalence, awareness, and management of bruxism in Thai dental students: A cross-sectional study. Cranio 2021:1-7. [PMID: 34895099 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.2015557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of self-reported bruxism, awareness of bruxism's adverse effects, and bruxism management among Thai undergraduate dental students. METHODS An online self-reported questionnaire was designed and tested for validity and reliability and then distributed to dental students at 12 universities in Thailand from September 2020 to January 2021. RESULTS There were 464 respondents (338 females and 126 males) with an average age of 21.42 ± 2.06 years. The prevalence of self-reported awake and sleep bruxism was 35.78% and 37.28%, respectively, and 19.40% had both awake and sleep bruxism. Awareness scores were higher for dentists than for patients (p< 0.001). Only 12.14% of sleep bruxers still wear an occlusal splint for bruxism management. CONCLUSION The prevalence of self-reported awake and sleep bruxism was high among Thai dental students. They are well aware of the adverse effects of bruxism with inappropriate management of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uthai Uma
- Department of Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Puwid Luyapan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok Thailand
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29
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Diep C, Karibe H, Goddard G, Phan Y, Shubov A. Acupuncture and Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Do Not Suppress Gag Reflex. Med Acupunct 2021; 33:353-357. [PMID: 35003504 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2021.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gagging is a problem for many dental patients, as well as patients undergoing medical procedures, such as intubation. Research to date on the gag reflex has been limited by a lack of objective measures for measuring this reflex. Materials and Methods: A validated quantitative method was used to measure if acupuncture or transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) at Pericardium 6 (PC 6) and Stomach 36 (ST 36) suppressed the gag reflex, compared with a sham placebo. The subjects were 60 healthy adults randomly chosen to receive acupuncture, TEAS, or sham-TEAS on PC 6, located on the forearm, and ST 36, located on the lower leg. The gag reflex was measured by inserting a saliva ejector slowly down each participant's throat to determine the maximum tolerance of the gag reflex; the insertion length was used as an index of this reflex. Results: There was a significant difference in pre- and postintervention insertion lengths in all groups (paired t-test; all groups; P < 0.001). The differences in the insertion length among the groups (P = 0.76) and the interaction effect (group × time) were not significant (P = 0.79; 2-way analysis of variance). Conclusions: This study suggested that PC 6 and ST 36 stimulation was no different than placebo for alleviating the gag reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Diep
- University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Karibe
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Greg Goddard
- University of California System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yen Phan
- University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Shubov
- University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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30
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Emodi-Perlman A, Manfredini D, Shalev T, Bracci A, Frideman-Rubin P, Eli I. Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors in Awake Bruxism-Self-Report versus Ecological Momentary Assessment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194447. [PMID: 34640465 PMCID: PMC8509197 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of psychosocial factors and concurrent conditions associated with AB is a relatively new approach in the study of Awake Bruxism (AB). In the present study a population of 84 dental students were assessed for probable AB with two modes of AB assessment: Single point self-report (SR) and ecological momentary assessment through a designated smartphone application (BA). The two assessment modes were compared with regard to their ability to phenotype subjects as far as the following psychosocial and behavioral variables are concerned: Gender; depression; somatization; oral behaviors; chronic pain and associated pain symptoms in the head, neck and scapula. Two-way ANOVA showed main effect of SR for the following variables: Chronic Pain Intensity score (F(1,49) = 6.441, p < 0.02), migraine/headache (F(1,81) = 7.396, p < 0.01), pain in neck (F(1,81) = 6.726, p < 0.05), pain in scapula (F(1,81) = 8.546, p < 0.005) and the oral behaviors of pushing the tongue forcefully against the teeth (F(1,81) = 5.222, p < 0.05) and inserting the tongue between the upper and lower teeth (F(1,81) = 5.344, p < 0.03). The effect of SR on the habit of chewing gum was borderline (F(1,81) = 3.369, p = 0.07). Main effect of BA was found for depression (F(1,81) = 6.049, p < 0.05), while the effect of BA on somatization was borderline (F(1,81) = 3.657, p = 0.059). An interaction between SR and BA groups could be observed for the behavior of biting, chewing or playing with the tongue, cheeks or lips (F(1,81) = 4.117, p < 0.05). The results suggest that a combination of a single-point self-report referring to the past 30 days, and an ecological momentary assessment supplying information about the actual timing of the report, can help us to better assess AB, as well as increase our ability to define the phenotype of subjects with AB as far as psychosocial and behavioral factors are concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona Emodi-Perlman
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniele Manfredini
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical Technologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Tamar Shalev
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
| | | | - Pessia Frideman-Rubin
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
| | - Ilana Eli
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
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Juliatte TDPR, Costa PD, Canaan JDR, Fonseca DC, Serra-Negra JM, Andrade EF, Castelo PM, Pereira LJ. Circadian preference and its relationship with possible sleep and awake bruxism in adults assisted by the public health system. Chronobiol Int 2021; 39:68-76. [PMID: 34517733 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1973487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Modern lifestyle and social demands induce changes in sleep routines that may not meet individual circadian preferences (chronotype). Such changes may be associated with the development of unhealthy lifestyles and the emergence of diseases relevant to public health services, such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, as well as sleep bruxism (SB) and awake bruxism (AB). The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the evening, morning or intermediate chronotypes with the report of possible SB and AB in adult individuals assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS). The selection of participants was performed through probabilistic cluster analysis. The sample size (n = 384) was calculated to include a representative sample of the 52,628 adults registered in the FHS of a countryside city located in the Southeast Region of Brazil. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to determine the chronotype, and Questionnaire-Based Self-Reported Bruxism was used for identifying possible SB and AB. The following clinical and social-behavioral variables were also evaluated: age, sex, BMI, income, physical activity, schooling, alcohol consumption and smoking, chronic diseases and depression. Two logistic regression models were used: one for SB and one for AB. Possible SB was associated with female sex, lack of physical activity and income above 2 minimum wages. Regarding chronotype, a 19% reduction in the chance of possible SB was observed in morning individuals compared to evening individuals (p = .017). Possible AB was associated with younger individuals, smoking and depression. In conclusion, compared with the evening circadian preference, the morning circadian preference was associated with greater protection against possible SB in an adult population assisted by the FHS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal De São Paulo (Unifesp), Diadema, Brazil
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Health Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras (Ufla), Lavras, Brazil
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Katsouda M, Coolidge T, Simos G, Kotsanos N, Arapostathis KN. Gagging and cooperation in 4-12-year-old children over a series of dental appointments. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:937-946. [PMID: 34357563 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-021-00654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purposes were to evaluate if gagging can affect children's cooperation with treatment, investigate possible changes in gagging and study factors that can predict children's behaviour over dental treatment. METHODS 255 children aged 4-12 years, needing at least three consecutive dental appointments, completed the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale before examination. The Gagging Problem Assessment was performed before the initial examination and after the third/final appointment. Frankl's Behaviour Rating Scale (FBRS) was used to rate children's behaviour. Multivariate Mixed Linear and Logistic Regression Models were used. RESULTS Children with definitely positive behaviour were significantly older, less fearful and less likely to gag before treatment. Girls and older children had lower odds of gagging over time, while fearful children had higher odds. There were no statistically significant associations between gagging over time, FBRS and the type of dental treatment at the third appointment. The percentage of children who gagged after the third appointment (27.05%) was significantly lower as compared to the percentage found at the initial appointment (32.54%; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Among the variables studied, age, dental fear, initial GPA and type of treatment were good predictors of children's behaviour during dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Katsouda
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - T Coolidge
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G Simos
- Department of Educational and Social Policy, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Kotsanos
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K N Arapostathis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Segalla DB, Villarinho EA, Correia ARM, Vigo Á, Shinkai RSA. A within-subject comparison of short implants in the posterior region: retrospective study of up to 10 years. J Adv Prosthodont 2021; 13:172-179. [PMID: 34234927 PMCID: PMC8250189 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2021.13.3.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This intra-patient retrospective study of up to 10 years evaluated the clinical success and risk factors of 6- and 8-mm long implants and their respective prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of patients treated at a Military Polyclinic dental service, who received both 6- and 8-mm long tissue level implants in the posterior region of the same arch. Data were collected from the dental charts, clinical and radiographic exams, self-report of sleep bruxism, measurement of maximum occlusal force, and clinical crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics with univariate and hierarchical multivariate models, at the 0.05 significance level. RESULTS The 30 patients (27 women) had 85 implants and 83 prostheses. Two implants were lost before prosthesis installation (implant survival: 97.6%). Ten events of prosthetic complication (screw tightening loss) occurred in five patients (success rate: 87.9%) in a single moment. Only the variable C/I ratio had a significant effect for repairable prosthesis complication (P<.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest that 6- and 8-mm long implants have similar long-term clinical success for implants and prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Blum Segalla
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Military Policlinic of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - André Ricardo Maia Correia
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Portugal
| | - Álvaro Vigo
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Verhoeff MC, Koutris M, van Selms MKA, Brandwijk AN, Heres MS, Berendse HW, van Dijk KD, Lobbezoo F. Is dopaminergic medication dose associated with self-reported bruxism in Parkinson's disease? A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:2545-2553. [PMID: 32918624 PMCID: PMC8060196 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is not clear whether dopaminergic medication influences bruxism behaviour in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, the aims are to investigate (i) the prevalence of possible (i.e., self-reported) bruxism (sleep and awake) in PD patients, and (ii) whether the use of dopaminergic medication and other factors (viz., demographic characteristics, PD-related factors, and possible consequences of bruxism) are associated with possible bruxism (sleep or awake). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study concerns a secondary analysis of an earlier published study. Three hundred ninety-five PD patients (67.9 ± 8.6 years of age; 58.7% males) were included. The levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD) was used as a measure of the dopaminergic medication level. Subsequently, a logistic regression analysis was performed for the dependent variables 'awake bruxism' and 'sleep bruxism', with the following predictors: gender, age, LEDD, time since PD diagnosis, temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain, jaw locks, and tooth wear. RESULTS The prevalence of possible awake and sleep bruxism was 46.0% and 24.3%, respectively. Awake bruxism was associated with sleep bruxism (OR = 8.52; 95% CI 3.56-20.40), TMD pain (OR = 4.51; 95% CI 2.31-8.79), and tooth wear (OR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.02-3.43). Sleep bruxism was associated with tooth wear (OR = 12.49; 95% CI 4.97-31.38) and awake bruxism (OR = 9.48; 95% CI 4.24-21.19). Dopaminergic medication dose was not associated with awake bruxism (OR = 1.0; 95% CI 0.99-1.00) or sleep bruxism (OR = 1.0; 95% CI 0.99-1.00). CONCLUSION Bruxism is a common condition in PD patients, but is not associated with the dopaminergic medication dose. CLINICAL RELEVANCE (Oral) health care providers should be alerted about the possibility of sleep and awake bruxism activity in PD patients, along with this activity's possible negative health outcomes (viz., TMD pain, tooth wear).
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Verhoeff
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Koutris
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M K A van Selms
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A N Brandwijk
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M S Heres
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H W Berendse
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres (Amsterdam UMC), Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K D van Dijk
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres (Amsterdam UMC), Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Sleep Wake Centre, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - F Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Rosar JV, Marquezin MCS, Pizzolato AS, Kobayashi FY, Bussadori SK, Pereira LJ, Castelo PM. Identifying predictive factors for sleep bruxism severity using clinical and polysomnographic parameters: a principal component analysis. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:949-956. [PMID: 33432920 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim was to identify predictive factors for sleep bruxism (SB) severity among polysomnographic parameters, salivary cortisol levels, temporomandibular disorders, age, and sex. METHODS Young adults (19-30 years) were screened for self-/roommate reports of teeth grinding/clenching during sleep associated with clinical signs of tooth wear. Individuals positive for both conditions were administered a polysomnographic exam to provide a definite diagnosis of SB (n = 28). Healthy participants without SB signs/symptoms were also included (n = 15). The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was applied to determine functional, muscular, and articular domains of the Temporomandibular Index. Cortisol awakening levels were measured in saliva. Principal component analysis was used to extract the latent components emerging from polysomnographic results, and 2 regression models were adjusted to predict the number and duration of bruxism episodes. RESULTS Principal component analysis resulted in 4 components-C1: %N1, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, arousals/microarousals; C2: %N2, %N3; C3: periodic limb movements and apneas; C4: %REM and REM latency. The number of SB episodes/h was predicted by increasing muscular scores and C2 (decrease in %N2 and increase in %N3) (adjusted R² = 45%; P =.001). The total time of SB episodes was predicted by decreased articular and increased functional scores, age, and female sex (adjusted R² = 36%; P = 0.010). Salivary cortisol levels were not associated with SB severity and did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that SB severity was predicted by muscular and functional scores, female sex, and distinct polysomnographic patterns, contributing to the deeper knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology of SB severity; additionally, the findings can help to formulate health approaches that are specific to the patient and will better assist in treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aianne Souto Pizzolato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
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Emodi-Perlman A, Manfredini D, Shalev T, Yevdayev I, Frideman-Rubin P, Bracci A, Arnias-Winocur O, Eli I. Awake Bruxism-Single-Point Self-Report versus Ecological Momentary Assessment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081699. [PMID: 33920877 PMCID: PMC8071231 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of awake bruxism (AB) is problematic due to the inability to use continuous recordings during daytime activities. Recently, a new semi-instrumental approach was suggested, namely, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), via the use of a smartphone application. With the application, subjects are requested to report, at least 12 times per day, the status of their masticatory muscle activity (relaxed muscles, muscle bracing without tooth contact, teeth contact, teeth clenching, or teeth grinding). The aim of the present study was to test the association between a single observation point self-report and EMA assessment of AB. The most frequent condition recorded by the EMA was relaxed muscles (ca. 60%) and the least frequent was teeth grinding (less than 1%). The relaxed muscle condition also showed the lowest coefficient of variance over a seven-day period of report. Additionally, only the relaxed muscles and the muscle bracing conditions presented an acceptable ability to assess AB-positive and AB-negative subjects, as defined by single-point self-report questions. The combination between self-report and EMA may have the potential to promote our ability to assess AB. We suggest to re-consider the conditions of teeth contact and teeth grinding while using EMA to evaluate AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona Emodi-Perlman
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriella School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Tamar Shalev
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriella School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
| | - Ilanit Yevdayev
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriella School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
| | - Pessia Frideman-Rubin
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriella School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
| | | | - Orit Arnias-Winocur
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldshleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel;
| | - Ilana Eli
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriella School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (P.F.-R.); (I.E.)
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Alkhatatbeh MJ, Hmoud ZL, Abdul-Razzak KK, Alem EM. Self-reported sleep bruxism is associated with vitamin D deficiency and low dietary calcium intake: a case-control study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:21. [PMID: 33413308 PMCID: PMC7792220 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep bruxism may result in deleterious effects including loss of tooth enamel,
fracture of teeth or restorations, teeth hypersensitivity or pain, and headache. The aim was to study the link between sleep bruxism, low serum vitamin D, low consumption of dietary calcium, psychological symptoms, and frequent headache. Methods This case-controlled study included 50 individuals with sleep bruxism and 50 age and gender matched controls. 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured in serum. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to measure anxiety and depression. Data about dietary calcium and frequent headache were self-reported. Results Participants with sleep bruxism had lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D and higher scores of anxiety and depression compared to controls (p < 0.05). Vitamin D deficiency, abnormal scores of anxiety and depression, low calcium consumption (< 323 mg/day), and frequent headache were reported in higher % of individuals with sleep bruxism compared to controls (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that sleep bruxism was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency (OR = 6.66, p = 0.02), low consumption of dietary calcium (OR = 5.94, p = 0.01), and frequent headache (OR = 9.24, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that anxiety was significantly associated with decreased 25-hydroxyvitamin D (p = 0.03), increased scores of depression (p < 0.001) and female sex (p = 0.01). Binary logistic regression also showed that frequent headache was significantly associated with sleep bruxism (OR = 5.51, p < 0.01). Conclusions Sleep bruxism was associated with vitamin D deficiency and low consumption of calcium and was also associated with increased scores of anxiety and depression. Further investigations should be performed to check if vitamin D and calcium supplementation could relieve sleep bruxism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J Alkhatatbeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Zainab L Hmoud
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khalid K Abdul-Razzak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Esam M Alem
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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Soto-Goñi XA, Alen F, Buiza-González L, Marcolino-Cruz D, Sánchez-Sánchez T, Ardizone-García I, Aneiros-López F, Jiménez-Ortega L. Adaptive Stress Coping in Awake Bruxism. Front Neurol 2020; 11:564431. [PMID: 33362686 PMCID: PMC7755641 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.564431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have analyzed the relationship between psychological factors and bruxism. However, the data are often obscured by the lack of precise diagnostic criteria and the variety of the psychological questionnaires used. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between awake bruxism and psychological factors (anxiety, depression, sociability, stress coping, and personality traits). With this aim, 68 participants (13 males) completed a battery of psychological questionnaires, a self-reported bruxism questionnaire, and a clinical examination. Based on their scores on the bruxism questionnaire and the clinical examination, subjects were divided into two groups. Subjects who met the criteria for “probable awake bruxism” were assigned to the case group (n = 29, five males). The control group (n = 39, nine males) was composed of subjects who showed no signs or symptoms of bruxism in the examination nor in the questionnaire. The probable awake bruxism group presented significantly higher levels of trait and state anxiety, symptoms of somatization, and neuroticism than the control group. Despite this, and when their problem coping strategies were considered, awake bruxers showed higher levels in Positive Reappraisal (p < 0.05), a strategy generally considered as adaptive. In conclusion, although awake bruxers in our study showed larger levels of anxiety, somatization, and neuroticism, they also displayed more adapted coping strategies, while according to previous data TMD patients (which generally also present high levels of anxiety, somatization and neuroticism) might tend to present less adaptive coping styles. Thus, awake bruxism may play a positive role in stress coping, which would be compatible with the hypothesis of mastication as a means of relieving psychological tension. This finding should be further confirmed by future research comparing TMD patients with definitive awake bruxers and controls and using larger and more representative samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Ander Soto-Goñi
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methods, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Alen
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methods, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Buiza-González
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methods, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danielle Marcolino-Cruz
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methods, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Sánchez-Sánchez
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ardizone-García
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Aneiros-López
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez-Ortega
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methods, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Human Evolution and Behaviour, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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van Selms M, Kroon J, Tuomilehto H, Peltomaa M, Savolainen A, Manfredini D, Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J. Self-reported sleep bruxism among Finnish symphony orchestra musicians: Associations with perceived sleep-related problems and psychological stress. Cranio 2020:1-8. [PMID: 33252016 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1853310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether self-reported sleep bruxism among musicians is associated with sleep-related problems and/or psychological stress.Methods: Eight hundred-thirty-one Finnish orchestra musicians completed a questionnaire that covered, among others, indicators of sleep-related problems, possible sleep bruxism, and stress.Results: In total, 488 questionnaires were completed. The single variable ordinal logistic regression models revealed at least moderate associations between frequency of sleep bruxism and female gender, shorter sleep duration, longer sleep latency, problems in sleeping during concert season, feeling more often tired during the daytime, restless legs, a poor self-rated sleep quality, and more stress experience. The variables that remained in the final model were sleep duration, gender, and stress.Conclusion: Musicians who sleep 7 hours or less per night report more sleep bruxism, as compared to those who sleep 8 hours or more. Female gender and high-stress experience were associated with more sleep bruxism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits van Selms
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Kroon
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henri Tuomilehto
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miikka Peltomaa
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aslak Savolainen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniele Manfredini
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical Technologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jari Ahlberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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The intensity of awake bruxism episodes is increased in individuals with high trait anxiety. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3197-3206. [PMID: 33098032 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trait anxiety is associated with an increased occurrence of awake bruxism episodes, a behavior characterized by clenching of the teeth contributing to temporomandibular disorders in some individuals. Here we measured the activity of the masseter and the intensity and duration of spontaneous wake-time tooth clenching episodes in healthy individuals with different levels of trait anxiety (TA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred fifty-five individuals completed a web survey. Using their TA scores, we allocated them in low (< 20th percentile of the TA score distribution), intermediate (between 20th and 80th ), and high (> 80th) TA groups. We analyzed the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the right masseter during a 15-min silent reading task in forty-three individuals with low (n = 12), intermediate (n = 17), and high TA (n = 14). We tested between-group differences in EMG activity of the masseter, as well as postural activity-the muscular activity that maintains mandibular posture, and amplitude and duration of spontaneous tooth clenching episodes. RESULTS The activity of the masseter (mean ± SEM %maximum voluntary contraction/MVC) was greater in the high TA (10.23 ± 0.16%MVC) than the intermediate (8.49 ± 0.16%MVC) and low (7.97 ± 0.22%MVC) TA groups (all p < 0.001). Postural activity did not differ between groups (all p > 0.05). The EMG amplitude of tooth clenching episodes was greater in the high TA (19.97 ± 0.21 %MVC) than the intermediate (16.40 ± 0.24%MVC) and low (15.48 ± 0.38 %MVC) TA groups (all p < 0.05). The cumulative duration of clenching episodes was not different between groups (p = 0.390). CONCLUSIONS Increased TA is associated with both increased masseter muscle activity and intensity of wake-time tooth clenching episodes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE TA may contribute significantly to masticatory muscle overload.
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Khayamzadeh M, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Aghababainejad P, Habibzadeh S, Kharazifard MJ. Relationship between Parafunctional Habits and Salivary Biomarkers. Front Dent 2020; 16:465-472. [PMID: 33089248 PMCID: PMC7569274 DOI: 10.18502/fid.v16i6.3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Parafunctional habits, as one of the etiological factors of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), are an individual’s response to increased stress. During stress and depression, biomarkers such as cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) are secreted in the saliva. The present study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between salivary stress biomarkers and parafunctional habits. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two cases, from May to September 2015, were selected based on two standard stress questionnaires, namely the depression anxiety stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Saliva samples were collected to examine the level of unstimulated salivary cortisol and SAA. The significance of the results was assessed via student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05). Results: The mean concentrations of cortisol and SAA in unstimulated saliva were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P=0.01 and 0.44, respectively). The mean scores of anxiety, stress, and depression were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the levels of salivary cortisol and SAA, as well as stress, anxiety, and depression scores, are higher in patients with parafunctional habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Khayamzadeh
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sareh Habibzadeh
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Câmara-Souza MB, Carvalho AG, Figueredo OMC, Bracci A, Manfredini D, Rodrigues Garcia RCM. Awake bruxism frequency and psychosocial factors in college preparatory students. Cranio 2020; 41:178-184. [PMID: 33050845 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1829289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of reported masticatory muscles activity during wakefulness (i.e., awake bruxism [AB]), levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in college preparatory students. METHODS Sixty-nine college preparatory students participated in the study. AB was evaluated by the Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC) and a smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA; [Bruxapp®]). Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, stress was evaluated by the Perceived Stress Scale, and OHRQoL was obtained by The Oral Health Impact Profile-14. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient (α = 0.05). RESULTS The average EMA-reported frequency of AB behaviors was 38.4%. Significant correlations were found between AB and the OBC, anxiety, depression, stress, and OHRQoL (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION College preparatory students demonstrated moderate frequency of AB, which was significantly correlated with psychosocial factors.
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Phuong NTT, Ngoc VTN, Linh LM, Duc NM, Tra NT, Anh LQ. Bruxism, Related Factors and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Vietnamese Medical Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207408. [PMID: 33053710 PMCID: PMC7599561 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although bruxism is a common issue with a high prevalence, there has been a lack of epidemiological data about bruxism in Vietnam. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of bruxism and its impact on oral health-related quality of life among Vietnamese medical students. Bruxism was assessed by the Bruxism Assessment Questionnaire. Temporomandibular disorders were clinically examined followed by the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders Axis I. Perceived stress, educational stress, and oral health-related quality of life were assessed using the Vietnamese version of Perceived Stress Scale 10, the Vietnamese version of the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents, and the Vietnamese version of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile, respectively. The prevalence of bruxism, sleep bruxism, awake bruxism, and both conditions in Vietnamese medical students were 51.2%, 38.2%, 23.4%, and 10.4% respectively. Stress, temporomandibular joint pain, masticatory muscle pain, and tooth attrition were associated with the presence of bruxism. Vietnamese medical students were negatively affected by bruxism in terms of oral health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Thu Phuong
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.T.P.); (V.T.N.N.); (L.M.L.); (L.Q.A.)
| | - Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.T.P.); (V.T.N.N.); (L.M.L.); (L.Q.A.)
| | - Le My Linh
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.T.P.); (V.T.N.N.); (L.M.L.); (L.Q.A.)
| | - Nguyen Minh Duc
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.T.P.); (V.T.N.N.); (L.M.L.); (L.Q.A.)
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.M.D.); (N.T.T.); Tel.: +81-807-893-2739 (N.M.D.); +84-963-036-443 (N.T.T.)
| | - Nguyen Thu Tra
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.T.P.); (V.T.N.N.); (L.M.L.); (L.Q.A.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.D.); (N.T.T.); Tel.: +81-807-893-2739 (N.M.D.); +84-963-036-443 (N.T.T.)
| | - Le Quynh Anh
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.T.P.); (V.T.N.N.); (L.M.L.); (L.Q.A.)
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
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Emodi-Perlman A, Eli I, Smardz J, Uziel N, Wieckiewicz G, Gilon E, Grychowska N, Wieckiewicz M. Temporomandibular Disorders and Bruxism Outbreak as a Possible Factor of Orofacial Pain Worsening during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Concomitant Research in Two Countries. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3250. [PMID: 33053640 PMCID: PMC7601612 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In late December 2019, a new pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) infection began to spread around the world. The new situation gave rise to severe health threats, economic uncertainty, and social isolation, causing potential deleterious effects on people's physical and mental health. These effects are capable of influencing oral and maxillofacial conditions, such as temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and bruxism, which could further aggravate the orofacial pain. Two concomitant studies aimed to evaluate the effect of the current pandemic on the possible prevalence and worsening of TMD and bruxism symptoms among subjects selected from two culturally different countries: Israel and Poland. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies were conducted as cross-sectional online surveys using similar anonymous questionnaires during the lockdown practiced in both countries. The authors obtained 700 complete responses from Israel and 1092 from Poland. In the first step, data concerning TMDs and bruxism were compared between the two countries. In the second step, univariate analyses (Chi2) were performed to investigate the effects of anxiety, depression, and personal concerns of the Coronavirus pandemic, on the symptoms of TMD, and bruxism symptoms and their possible aggravation. Finally, multivariate analyses (logistic regression models) were carried out to identify the study variables that had a predictive value on TMD, bruxism, and symptom aggravation in the two countries. RESULTS The results showed that the Coronavirus pandemic has caused significant adverse effects on the psychoemotional status of both Israeli and Polish populations, resulting in the intensification of their bruxism and TMD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The aggravation of the psychoemotional status caused by the Coronavirus pandemic can result in bruxism and TMD symptoms intensification and thus lead to increased orofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona Emodi-Perlman
- Section of Dental Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldshleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (A.E.-P.); (I.E.); (N.U.); (E.G.)
| | - Ilana Eli
- Section of Dental Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldshleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (A.E.-P.); (I.E.); (N.U.); (E.G.)
| | - Joanna Smardz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Nir Uziel
- Section of Dental Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldshleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (A.E.-P.); (I.E.); (N.U.); (E.G.)
| | - Gniewko Wieckiewicz
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Medical University of Silesia, 42-612 Tarnowskie Gory, Poland;
| | - Efrat Gilon
- Section of Dental Education, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldshleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (A.E.-P.); (I.E.); (N.U.); (E.G.)
| | - Natalia Grychowska
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Imbriglio TV, Moayedi M, Freeman BV, Tenenbaum HC, Thaut M, Cioffi I. Music Modulates Awake Bruxism in Chronic Painful Temporomandibular Disorders. Headache 2020; 60:2389-2405. [PMID: 32997813 DOI: 10.1111/head.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this experimental study, we aimed to determine whether guided music listening (GML) - a music intervention based on models of mood mediation and attention modulation - modulates masticatory muscle activity and awake bruxism in subjects with chronic painful muscular temporomandibular disorders (TMD myalgia, mTMD), a condition causing a significant burden to patients, their families, and healthcare systems. BACKGROUND Awake bruxism - a stress behavior characterized by clenching of the teeth - is a strong contributor to chronic mTMD. GML modulates psychological stress and motor responses and could thus reduce muscle activity in chronic musculoskeletal conditions, including mTMD. METHODS We recorded the electromyographic (EMG) activity in the right masseter of 14 women with chronic (>6 months) mTMD (median [IQR] = 39.5.3 [24.3] years) and 15 pain-free women (median [IQR] = 30.0 [3.5] years) during a GML session, including 3 music (stressful, relaxing, and participants' favorite music) and a no-music (pink noise) control blocks, each lasting 15 minutes. We measured the motor effort of the right masseter relative to the participants' maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), the muscular effort to maintain mandibular posture (EMGposture ), and to produce spontaneous awake bruxism episodes (EMGbruxism ), and the duration and frequency of spontaneous awake bruxism episodes. We tested between-group and within-group (between blocks) differences, as well as the effect of the interaction group by experimental block on these outcome measures. RESULTS In both groups, EMGposture was significantly affected by the interaction group by experimental block (P < .001). Compared to pink noise [mean (95% CI); mTMD: 2.2 (1.6-2.8) %MVC; Controls: 1.1 (0.5-1.7) %MVC], EMGposture increased during the stressful music block [contrast estimate (95% CI); mTMD: +0.8 (0.7-0.8) %MVC; Controls: +0.3 (0.3-0.4) %MVC; both P < .001], and decreased during the relaxing [mTMD: -0.4 (-0.5 to -0.4) %MVC; Controls: -0.3 (-0.4 to -0.3) %MVC; both P < .001] and favorite [mTMD: -0.5 (-0.6 to -0.5) %MVC; Controls: -0.5 (-0.5 to -0.4) %MVC; both P < .001] music blocks. EMGposture was greater in mTMD individuals than controls during the favorite music [contrast estimate (95% CI): +1.1 (0.2-1.9) %MVC; P = .019] and the pink noise [+1.1 (0.2-2.0) %MVC; P = .014] blocks. EMGbruxism was significantly affected by the interaction group by experimental block (P < .001). In mTMD participants, compared to the pink noise block [mean (95% CI); 23.8 (16.0-31.6) %MVC], EMGbruxism increased during the stressful music block [contrast estimate (95% CI); +10.2 (8.6-11.8) %MVC], and decreased during the relaxing [-6.2 (-8.1 to -4.3) %MVC; P < .001] and favorite [-10.2 (-12.2 to -9.1) %MVC; P < .001] music blocks. These effects were not observed in the control group [mean (95% CI); pink noise: 19.3 (10.9-27.6); stressful: 21.2 (12.9-29.4) %MVC; relaxing: 21.6 (13.3-29.9) %MVC; favorite: 24.2 (15.8-32.7) %MVC; all P > .05]. EMGbruxism was significantly greater in mTMD participants than controls during the stressful music block [contrast estimate (95% CI): +12.9 (1.6-24.2) %MVC; P = .026). GML did not affect the duration or the frequency of awake bruxism in either group (median [IQR], mTMD: 23.5 [96.7] s, range 1-1300 seconds; Controls: 5.5 [22.5], range 0-246 seconds; P = .108). The frequency of awake bruxism episodes was greater in the mTMD group compared to controls only during the pink noise block (median [IQR], mTMD: 5 [15.3] episodes, range 0-62 episodes; Controls: 1 [3] episode, range 0-27 episodes; P = .046). No significant between-group differences were found in either the overall time spent engaging in awake bruxism (median [IQR], mTMD: 23.5 [96.7] s, range 1-1300 seconds; Controls: 5.5 [22.5], range 0-246 seconds; P = .108), or during each block (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS In subjects with chronic mTMD, relaxing music and the individual's favorite music decreased the muscular effort during spontaneous awake bruxism episodes by 26% and 44% (relative changes), respectively. In contrast, stressful music increases it by about 43%. Because of its positive effects on awake bruxism, GML with selected music could be a promising and non-invasive component of a multimodal approach for the management of chronic mTMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Veronica Imbriglio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Multimodal Sensorimotor and Pain Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Massieh Moayedi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Multimodal Sensorimotor and Pain Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce Victor Freeman
- Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Charles Tenenbaum
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Thaut
- Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Iacopo Cioffi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Multimodal Sensorimotor and Pain Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Haggiag A, Speciali JG. A new biofeedback approach for the control of awake bruxism and chronic migraine headache: utilization of an awake posterior interocclusal device. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 78:397-402. [PMID: 32756859 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20200031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship of bidirectional comorbidity between chronic migraine and pain in the cephalic segment led us to evaluate the improvement in reducing the pain in patients diagnosed with chronic migraine headache and awake bruxism, when undergoing treatment with a partial posterior interocclusal device designed for the management and control of awake bruxism through biofeedback. METHODS Seventy-four patients were evaluated during the following periods: pretreatment, seven, thirty, ninety, one hundred and eighty days, and one year. The evaluation was carried out by measuring the pain in the pretreatment period and pain reduction after awake bruxism treatment, using clinical evaluation and numerical scales for pain. RESULTS Most of the patients who complained of headache migraine pain, masticatory myofascial pain, temporomandibular joint and neck pain experienced a significant reduction in overall pain, including headaches, between t0 and t30 (p<0.0001). After 30 days of using the device, it was observed that the improvement remained at the same level without any recurrence of pain up to t90. At t180 and t360, it was observed that even with the device withdrawal (at t90) the improvement remained at the same level. CONCLUSION The utilization of a posterior interocclusal device designed for the management and control of awake bruxism through biofeedback seems to contribute to the reduction of pain (including migraine headache) in the majority of patients, and, even with the device withdrawal (at t90), the improvement remained at the same level, suggesting the patients succeeded in controlling their awake bruxism and consequently the pains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Haggiag
- Dentistry Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Katsouda M, Coolidge T, Simos G, Kotsanos N, Arapostathis KN. Factors associated with gagging during radiographic and intraoral photographic examinations in 4-12-year-old children. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:129-137. [PMID: 32440854 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS No studies are available in paediatric samples evaluating gagging during toothbrushing, radiographic and/or intraoral photographic examinations. The aims were to collectively examine potential factors associated with gagging during radiographs and intraoral photographs in 4-12-year-old children. METHODS Parents/guardians of 395 children (aged 4-12 years old) completed questionnaires asking about their children's toothbrushing habits. Children completed Greek versions of the Gagging Assessment Scale (GAS) and the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), while the dentist used the shorter version of the Gagging Problem Assessment (GPA-de-c/SF) to objectively assess gagging. X-ray and Photo Rating Scales were created to evaluate gagging during X-rays and photographs, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between the potential factors and gagging. RESULTS 59 of 275 patients (21%) and 56 of 276 patients (20%) who needed X-rays and intraoral photographs, respectively, gagged. Children who gagged during X-rays had significantly higher GAS scores (p = 0.007). Boys, younger children, and those who gagged on GPA-de-c/SF were more likely to gag during X-rays, and children who gagged on GPA-de-c/SF were more likely to gag during photographs. Brushing habits were not related to dental fear or gagging. CONCLUSION Of the variables which we studied, GPA-de-c/SF most strongly affected the odds of gagging during taking radiographs and/or intraoral photographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Katsouda
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - T Coolidge
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G Simos
- Department of Educational and Social Policy, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Kotsanos
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K N Arapostathis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Michalek-Zrabkowska M, Wieckiewicz M, Smardz J, Gac P, Poreba R, Wojakowska A, Mazur G, Martynowicz H. Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2020; 12:969-979. [PMID: 33204200 PMCID: PMC7667147 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s268470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep bruxism (SB) is characterized by repetitive phasic, tonic, or mixed masticatory muscle activity during sleep with multifactorial etiology. Previous studies have shown that the complex origin of SB can be related to the psychological features of the affected individual, consumption of caffeine and alcohol, smoking, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, increased body mass index, hypertension, thyroid diseases, and probable genetic vulnerability. This study aimed to investigate the inflammatory markers, hormonal disturbances, and sleepiness associated with SB, which have a potential effect on the total cardiovascular (CV) risk among relatively young and healthy patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 74 individuals with probable SB were subjected to single-night polysomnography, followed by blood panel and 24-h urinary excretion tests. The level of daytime sleepiness was assessed in the participants using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. RESULTS SB was found in 78.4% of participants. The bruxism episode index (BEI) positively correlated with the concentrations of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in the collected urine samples. A positive correlation was also found between phasic BEI and glucose concentration 2 h after the consumption of glucose solution. Sleep bruxers showed significantly increased sleepiness compared to nonbruxers (p = 0.02). The scores on sleepiness were positively correlated with mixed BEI, minimal oxygen saturation, and mean heart rate. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that participants with SB had metabolic and hormonal disturbances, probably due to stress and sympathetic activity. Moreover, it was found that young sleep bruxers potentially have a high CV risk due to the increased level of inflammatory and stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-425, Poland
| | - Joanna Smardz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-425, Poland
| | - Pawel Gac
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-345, Poland
| | - Rafal Poreba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Anna Wojakowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
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EMÍDIO CADS, SANTOS LFN, CARNEIRO DPA, SANTOS PRD, VEDOVELLO SAS, VALDRIGHI HC. Behavioral and clinical aspects associated with probable sleep bruxism in early childhood. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.04420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Although many studies are being carried out with sleep bruxism, the literature points to a lack of studies with methodological quality in children. Objective To evaluate the behavioral and clinical aspects associated with probable sleep bruxism in early childhood. Material and method A cross-sectional observational study carried out with 371 children between 4 and 6 years of age. Parents answered a questionnaire with aspects related to their children's sleep behavior. Among the clinical characteristics, the presence of lip sealing, clicking, teeth marks on the jugal mucosa, and the side of the tongue was evaluated. Tooth wear was assessed using the BEWE index criteria. Simple logistic regression models were adjusted for each independent variable, estimating the gross odds ratios with the respective 95% confidence intervals. Variables with P <0.20 in the individual analyzes were adjusted in a multiple logistic regression model, with those with P ≤ 0.05 remaining in the model. Result 42.4% of parents reported that their children gritted their teeth while sleeping. Children who showed wear on their teeth were 1.53 times more likely to grind their teeth. There was no significant association with the other variables analyzed (P > 0.05). Conclusion Behavioral aspects were not associated with probable sleep bruxism. Among the clinical characteristics evaluated, tooth wear showed an association, which may indicate the probable bruxism of sleep in early childhood.
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Manfredini D, Colonna A, Bracci A, Lobbezoo F. Bruxism: a summary of current knowledge on aetiology, assessment and management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ors.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Colonna
- Postgraduate School of Orthodontics University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - A. Bracci
- Department of Neuroscience School of Dentistry University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - F. Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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