1
|
Parvizi E, Vaughan AL, Dhami MK, McGaughran A. Genomic signals of local adaptation across climatically heterogenous habitats in an invasive tropical fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni). Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 132:18-29. [PMID: 37903919 PMCID: PMC10798995 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-023-00657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Local adaptation plays a key role in the successful establishment of pest populations in new environments by enabling them to tolerate novel biotic and abiotic conditions experienced outside their native range. However, the genomic underpinnings of such adaptive responses remain unclear, especially for agriculturally important pests. We investigated population genomic signatures in the tropical/subtropical Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, which has an expanded range encompassing temperate and arid zones in Australia, and tropical zones in the Pacific Islands. Using reduced representation sequencing data from 28 populations, we detected allele frequency shifts associated with the native/invasive status of populations and identified environmental factors that have likely driven population differentiation. We also determined that precipitation, temperature, and geographic variables explain allelic shifts across the distribution range of B. tryoni. We found spatial heterogeneity in signatures of local adaptation across various climatic conditions in invaded areas. Specifically, disjunct invasive populations in the tropical Pacific Islands and arid zones of Australia were characterised by multiple significantly differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), some of which were associated with genes with well-understood function in environmental stress (e.g., heat and desiccation) response. However, invasive populations in southeast Australian temperate zones showed higher gene flow with the native range and lacked a strong local adaptive signal. These results suggest that population connectivity with the native range has differentially affected local adaptive patterns in different invasive populations. Overall, our findings provide insights into the evolutionary underpinnings of invasion success of an important horticultural pest in climatically distinct environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Parvizi
- Te Aka Mātuatua/School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Amy L Vaughan
- Biocontrol and Molecular Ecology, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Manpreet K Dhami
- Biocontrol and Molecular Ecology, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Angela McGaughran
- Te Aka Mātuatua/School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li H, Li S, Chen J, Dai L, Chen R, Ye J, Hao D. A heat shock 70kDa protein MaltHSP70-2 contributes to thermal resistance in Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): quantification, localization, and functional analysis. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:646. [PMID: 36088287 PMCID: PMC9464376 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat Shock Proteins 70 (HSP70s) in insects act on a diverse range of substrates to assist with overcoming extreme high temperatures. MaltHSP70-2, a member of HSP70s, has been characterized to involve in the thermotolerance of Monochamus alternatus in vitro, while quantification and localization of MaltHSP70-2 in various tissues and its functional analysis in vivo remain unclear. Results In this study, temporal expression of MaltHSP70-2 indicated a long-last inductive effect on MaltHSP70-2 expression maintained 48 hours after heat shock. MaltHSP70-2 showed a global response to heat exposure which occurring in various tissues of both males and females. Particularly in the reproductive tissues, we further performed the quantification and localization of MaltHSP70-2 protein using Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry, suggesting that enriched MaltHSP70-2 in the testis (specifically in the primary spermatocyte) must be indispensable to protect the reproductive activities (e.g., spermatogenesis) against high temperatures. Furthermore, silencing MaltHSP70-2 markedly influenced the expression of other HSP genes and thermotolerance of adults in bioassays, which implied a possible interaction of MaltHSP70-2 with other HSP genes and its role in thermal resistance of M. alternatus adults. Conclusions These findings shed new insights into thermo-resistant mechanism of M. alternatus to cope with global warming from the perspective of HSP70s functions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08858-1.
Collapse
|
3
|
Perez R, Aron S. Adaptations to thermal stress in social insects: recent advances and future directions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1535-1553. [PMID: 33021060 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stress is a major driver of population declines and extinctions. Shifts in thermal regimes create new environmental conditions, leading to trait adaptation, population migration, and/or species extinction. Extensive research has examined thermal adaptations in terrestrial arthropods. However, little is known about social insects, despite their major role in ecosystems. It is only within the last few years that the adaptations of social insects to thermal stress have received attention. Herein, we discuss what is currently known about thermal tolerance and thermal adaptation in social insects - namely ants, termites, social bees, and social wasps. We describe the behavioural, morphological, physiological, and molecular adaptations that social insects have evolved to cope with thermal stress. We examine individual and collective responses to both temporary and persistent changes in thermal conditions and explore the extent to which individuals can exploit genetic variability to acclimatise. Finally, we consider the costs and benefits of sociality in the face of thermal stress, and we propose some future research directions that should advance our knowledge of individual and collective thermal adaptations in social insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Perez
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Aron
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shilova V, Zatsepina O, Zakluta A, Karpov D, Chuvakova L, Garbuz D, Evgen'ev M. Age-dependent expression profiles of two adaptogenic systems and thermotolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:305-315. [PMID: 32040825 PMCID: PMC7058767 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we monitored the expression of three genes (hsp70, hsp22, and hsf1) involved in heat shock response in Drosophila melanogaster in males and females of different age. Also, we investigated age- and sex-dependent expression of three major genes participating in the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (cse, cbs, and mst), implicated in stress resistance and aging. In addition to the control strain, we monitored the expression of all of these genes in a cbs knockout strain (cbs-/-) generated using the CRISPR technique. The tested strains differ in the induction capacities of the studied genes. Relative to the control strain, under normal conditions, the cbs-/- strain expresses all of the studied genes more abundantly, especially hsp22. In the control strain, aging leads to a dramatic increase in hsp22 synthesis, whereas in the cbs-/- strain, hsp22 induction is not pronounced. Furthermore, in 30-day-old cbs-/- flies, the constitutive expression of hsp70 and mst is decreased. Surprisingly, in the cbs-/- strain, we detected an upregulation of hsf1 transcription in the 30-day-old females. After heat shock in the control strain, hsp70 and hsp22 induction decreased with age in males and hsp22 decreased in females, while in the cbs-/- strain, a pronounced drop in the induction capacity of both hsp genes was seen in 30-day-old males and females. However, in most cases, the expression levels of hsf1 and H2S-producing genes do not exhibit pronounced changes depending on sex, age, or heat shock. Flies of control and cbs-/- strain exhibited strong reduction in basal thermotolerance with age. Our data suggest a cross-talk between the two studied ancient and universal adaptive systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Shilova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - O Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A Zakluta
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - D Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - L Chuvakova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - D Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
González-Tokman D, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Dáttilo W, Lira-Noriega A, Sánchez-Guillén RA, Villalobos F. Insect responses to heat: physiological mechanisms, evolution and ecological implications in a warming world. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:802-821. [PMID: 32035015 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surviving changing climate conditions is particularly difficult for organisms such as insects that depend on environmental temperature to regulate their physiological functions. Insects are extremely threatened by global warming, since many do not have enough physiological tolerance even to survive continuous exposure to the current maximum temperatures experienced in their habitats. Here, we review literature on the physiological mechanisms that regulate responses to heat and provide heat tolerance in insects: (i) neuronal mechanisms to detect and respond to heat; (ii) metabolic responses to heat; (iii) thermoregulation; (iv) stress responses to tolerate heat; and (v) hormones that coordinate developmental and behavioural responses at warm temperatures. Our review shows that, apart from the stress response mediated by heat shock proteins, the physiological mechanisms of heat tolerance in insects remain poorly studied. Based on life-history theory, we discuss the costs of heat tolerance and the potential evolutionary mechanisms driving insect adaptations to high temperatures. Some insects may deal with ongoing global warming by the joint action of phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation. Plastic responses are limited and may not be by themselves enough to withstand ongoing warming trends. Although the evidence is still scarce and deserves further research in different insect taxa, genetic adaptation to high temperatures may result from rapid evolution. Finally, we emphasize the importance of incorporating physiological information for modelling species distributions and ecological interactions under global warming scenarios. This review identifies several open questions to improve our understanding of how insects respond physiologically to heat and the evolutionary and ecological consequences of those responses. Further lines of research are suggested at the species, order and class levels, with experimental and analytical approaches such as artificial selection, quantitative genetics and comparative analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Tokman
- CONACYT, CDMX, 03940, Mexico.,Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| | - Andrés Lira-Noriega
- CONACYT, CDMX, 03940, Mexico.,Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| | | | - Fabricio Villalobos
- Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Garbuz DG, Sverchinsky D, Davletshin A, Margulis BA, Mitkevich V, Kulikov AM, Evgen'ev MB. The molecular chaperone Hsp70 from the thermotolerant Diptera species differs from the Drosophila paralog in its thermostability and higher refolding capacity at extreme temperatures. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:1163-1173. [PMID: 31664698 PMCID: PMC6882968 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that species of the Stratiomyidae family exhibit higher tolerance to thermal stress in comparison with that of many representatives of Diptera, including Drosophila species. We hypothesized that species of this group inherited the specific structures of their chaperones from an ancestor of the Stratiomyidae family, and this enabled the descendants to colonize various extreme habitats. To explore this possibility, we cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli copies of the Hsp70 genes from Stratiomys singularior, a typical eurythermal species, and Drosophila melanogaster, for comparison. To investigate the thermal sensitivity of the chaperone function of the inducible 70-kDa heat shock proteins from these species, we used an in vitro refolding luciferase assay. We demonstrated that under conditions of elevated temperature, S. singularior Hsp70 exhibited higher reactivation activity in comparison with D. melanogaster Hsp70 and even human Hsp70. Similarly, S. singularior Hsp70 was significantly more thermostable and showed in vitro refolding activity after preheatment at higher temperatures than D. melanogaster paralog. Thermally induced unfolding experiments using differential scanning calorimetry indicated that Hsp70 from both Diptera species is formed by two domains with different thermal stabilities and that the ATP-binding domain of S. singularior is stable at temperatures 4 degrees higher than that of the D. melanogaster paralog. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report that provides direct experimental data indicating that the evolutionary history of a species may result in adaptive changes in the structures of chaperones to enable them to elicit protective functions at extreme environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Dmitry Sverchinsky
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194064
| | - Artem Davletshin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Boris A Margulis
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194064
| | - Vladimir Mitkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Aleksei M Kulikov
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Michael B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shilova VY, Zatsepina OG, Garbuz DG, Funikov SY, Zelentsova ES, Schostak NG, Kulikov AM, Evgen'ev MB. Heat shock protein 70 from a thermotolerant Diptera species provides higher thermoresistance to Drosophila larvae than correspondent endogenous gene. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 27:61-72. [PMID: 28796386 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) from two Diptera species that drastically differ in their heat shock response and longevity were investigated. Drosophila melanogaster is characterized by the absence of Hsp70 and other hsps under normal conditions and the dramatic induction of hsp synthesis after temperature elevation. The other Diptera species examined belongs to the Stratiomyidae family (Stratiomys singularior) and exhibits high levels of inducible Hsp70 under normal conditions coupled with a thermotolerant phenotype and much longer lifespan. To evaluate the impact of hsp70 genes on thermotolerance and longevity, we made use of a D. melanogaster strain that lacks all hsp70 genes. We introduced single copies of either S. singularior or D. melanogaster hsp70 into this strain and monitored the obtained transgenic flies in terms of thermotolerance and longevity. We developed transgenic strains containing the S. singularior hsp70 gene under control of a D. melanogaster hsp70 promoter. Although these adult flies did synthesize the corresponding mRNA after heat shock, they were not superior to the flies containing a single copy of D. melanogaster hsp70 in thermotolerance and longevity. By contrast, Stratiomyidae Hsp70 provided significantly higher thermotolerance at the larval stage in comparison with endogenous Hsp70.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Y Shilova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia
| | - O G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - D G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Y Funikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Zelentsova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - N G Schostak
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Kulikov
- Institute of Developmental Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - M B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meynard CN, Gay PE, Lecoq M, Foucart A, Piou C, Chapuis MP. Climate-driven geographic distribution of the desert locust during recession periods: Subspecies' niche differentiation and relative risks under scenarios of climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:4739-4749. [PMID: 28464493 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The desert locust is an agricultural pest that is able to switch from a harmless solitarious stage, during recession periods, to swarms of gregarious individuals that disperse long distances and affect areas from western Africa to India during outbreak periods. Large outbreaks have been recorded through centuries, and the Food and Agriculture Organization keeps a long-term, large-scale monitoring survey database in the area. However, there is also a much less known subspecies that occupies a limited area in Southern Africa. We used large-scale climatic and occurrence data of the solitarious phase of each subspecies during recession periods to understand whether both subspecies climatic niches differ from each other, what is the current potential geographical distribution of each subspecies, and how climate change is likely to shift their potential distribution with respect to current conditions. We evaluated whether subspecies are significantly specialized along available climate gradients by using null models of background climatic differences within and between southern and northern ranges and applying niche similarity and niche equivalency tests. The results point to climatic niche conservatism between the two clades. We complemented this analysis with species distribution modeling to characterize current solitarious distributions and forecast potential recession range shifts under two extreme climate change scenarios at the 2050 and 2090 time horizon. Projections suggest that, at a global scale, the northern clade could contract its solitarious recession range, while the southern clade is likely to expand its recession range. However, local expansions were also predicted in the northern clade, in particular in southern and northern margins of the current geographical distribution. In conclusion, monitoring and management practices should remain in place in northern Africa, while in Southern Africa the potential for the subspecies to pose a threat in the future should be investigated more closely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine N Meynard
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
- INRA, UMR CBGP, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Cyril Piou
- CIRAD, UMR CBGP, Montpellier, France
- CNLAA, Inezgane, Agadir, Morocco
- Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Giannetto A, Oliva S, Mazza L, Mondello G, Savastano D, Mauceri A, Fasulo S. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of heat shock protein 70 and 90 from Hermetia illucens reared in a food waste bioconversion pilot plant. Gene 2017; 627:15-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
10
|
Lencioni V, Bernabò P. Thermal survival limits of young and mature larvae of a cold stenothermal chironomid from the Alps (Diamesinae: Pseudodiamesa branickii [Nowicki, 1873]). INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 24:314-324. [PMID: 26463003 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The threats posed by climate change make it important to expand knowledge concerning cold and heat tolerance in stenothermal species from habitats potentially threatened by temperature changes. Thermal limits and basal metabolism variations were investigated in Pseudodiamesa branickii (Diptera: Chironomidae) under thermal stress between -20 and 37 °C. Supercooling point (SCP), lower (LLTs) and upper lethal temperatures (ULTs), and oxygen consumption rate were measured in overwintering young (1st and 2nd instar) and mature (3rd and 4th instar) larvae from an Alpine glacier-fed stream. Both young and mature larvae were freezing tolerant (SCPs = -7.1 °C and -6.4 °C, respectively; LLT100 <SCP and > -20 °C) and thermotolerant (ULT50 = 31.7 ± 0.4, 32.5 ± 0.3, respectively). However, ontogenetic differences in acute tolerance were observed. The LLT50 calculated for the young larvae (= -7.4 °C) was almost equal to their SCP (= -7.1 °C) and the overlapping of the proportion of mortality curve with the CPIF curve highlighted that the young larvae are borderline between freezing tolerance and freezing avoidance. Furthermore, a lower ULT100 in the young larvae (of ca. 1 °C), suggests that they are less thermotolerant than mature larvae. Finally, young larvae exhibit a higher oxygen consumption rate (mgO2 /gAFDM/h) at any temperature tested and are overall less resistant to oxygen depletion compared to mature larvae at ≥10 °C. These findings suggest that mature larvae enter into a dormant state by lowering their basal metabolism until environmental conditions improve in order to save energy for life cycle completion during stressful conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lencioni
- Section of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Paola Bernabò
- Section of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38123, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Garbuz DG, Evgen’ev MB. The evolution of heat shock genes and expression patterns of heat shock proteins in the species from temperature contrasting habitats. RUSS J GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795417010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Willot Q, Gueydan C, Aron S. Proteome stability, heat hardening, and heat-shock protein expression profiles in Cataglyphis desert ants. J Exp Biol 2017; 220:1721-1728. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.154161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In ectotherms, high temperatures impose physical limits, impeding activity. Exposure to high heat levels causes various deleterious and lethal effects, including protein misfolding and denaturation. Thermophilic ectotherms have thus evolved various ways to increase macromolecular stability and cope with elevated body temperatures; these include the high constitutive expression of molecular chaperones. In this work, we investigated the effect of moderate to severe heat shock (37°C–45°C) on survival, heat hardening, protein damage, and the expression of five heat-tolerance related genes (hsc70-4 h1, hsc70-4 h2, hsp83, hsc70-5, and hsf1) in two rather closely related Cataglyphis ants that occur in distinct habitats. Our results show that the highly thermophilic Sahara ant Cataglyphis bombycina constitutively expresses HSC70 at higher levels, but has lower induced expression of heat-tolerance related genes in response to heat shock, as compared to the more mesophilic C. mauritanica found in the Atlas Mountains. As a result, C. bombycina demonstrates increased protein stability when exposed to acute heat stress but is less prone to acquiring induced thermotolerance via heat hardening. These results provide further insight into the evolutionary plasticity of the hsps gene expression system and subsequent physiological adaptations in thermophilous desert insects to adapt to harsh environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Willot
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Cyril Gueydan
- Molecular Biology of the Gene, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Serge Aron
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zatsepina OG, Przhiboro AA, Yushenova IA, Shilova V, Zelentsova ES, Shostak NG, Evgen'ev MB, Garbuz DG. A Drosophila heat shock response represents an exception rather than a rule amongst Diptera species. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 25:431-449. [PMID: 27089053 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the major player that underlies adaptive response to hyperthermia in all organisms studied to date. We investigated patterns of Hsp70 expression in larvae of dipteran species collected from natural populations of species belonging to four families from different evolutionary lineages of the order Diptera: Stratiomyidae, Tabanidae, Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae. All investigated species showed a Hsp70 expression pattern that was different from the pattern in Drosophila. In contrast to Drosophila, all of the species in the families studied were characterized by high constitutive levels of Hsp70, which was more stable than that in Drosophila. When Stratiomyidae Hsp70 proteins were expressed in Drosophila cells, they became as short-lived as the endogenous Hsp70. Interestingly, three species of Ceratopogonidae and a cold-water species of Chironomidae exhibited high constitutive levels of Hsp70 mRNA and high basal levels of Hsp70. Furthermore, two species of Tabanidae were characterized by significant constitutive levels of Hsp70 and highly stable Hsp70 mRNA. In most cases, heat-resistant species were characterized by a higher basal level of Hsp70 than more thermosensitive species. These data suggest that different trends were realized during the evolution of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of the responses of Hsp70 genes to temperature fluctuations in the studied families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O G Zatsepina
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Przhiboro
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - I A Yushenova
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Shilova
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Zelentsova
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N G Shostak
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M B Evgen'ev
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D G Garbuz
- Engelgardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gutiérrez-Cánovas C, Sánchez-Fernández D, Velasco J, Millan A, Bonada N. Similarity in the difference: changes in community functional features along natural and anthropogenic stress gradients. Ecology 2015; 96:2458-66. [PMID: 26594702 DOI: 10.1890/14-1447.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of stressors on biodiversity can vary in relation to the degree to which biological communities have adapted over evolutionary time. We compared the responses of functional features of stream insect communities along chronic stress gradients with contrasting time persistence. Water salinity and land use intensification were used as examples of natural (long-term persistent) and anthropogenic (short-term persistent) stressors, respectively. A new trait-based approach was applied to quantify functional diversity components and functional redundancy within the same multidimensional space, using metrics at the taxon and community levels. We found similar functional responses along natural and anthropogenic stress gradients. In both cases, the mean taxon functional richness and functional similarity between taxa increased with stress, whereas community functional richness and functional redundancy decreased. Despite the differences in evolutionary persistence, both chronic stressors act as strong nonrandom environmental filters, producing convergent functional responses. These results can improve our ability to predict functional effects of novel stressors at ecoloiical and evolutionary scales.
Collapse
|
15
|
Astakhova LN, Zatsepina OG, Funikov SY, Zelentsova ES, Schostak NG, Orishchenko KE, Evgen’ev MB, Garbuz DG. Activity of heat shock genes' promoters in thermally contrasting animal species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115536. [PMID: 25700087 PMCID: PMC4336284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock gene promoters represent a highly conserved and universal system for the rapid induction of transcription after various stressful stimuli. We chose pairs of mammalian and insect species that significantly differ in their thermoresistance and constitutive levels of Hsp70 to compare hsp promoter strength under normal conditions and after heat shock (HS). The first pair includes the HSPA1 gene promoter of camel (Camelus dromedarius) and humans. It was demonstrated that the camel HSPA1A and HSPA1L promoters function normally in vitro in human cell cultures and exceed the strength of orthologous human promoters under basal conditions. We used the same in vitro assay for Drosophila melanogaster Schneider-2 (S2) cells to compare the activity of the hsp70 and hsp83 promoters of the second species pair represented by Diptera, i.e., Stratiomys singularior and D. melanogaster, which dramatically differ in thermoresistance and the pattern of Hsp70 accumulation. Promoter strength was also monitored in vivo in D. melanogaster strains transformed with constructs containing the S. singularior hsp70 ORF driven either by its own promoter or an orthologous promoter from the D. melanogaster hsp70Aa gene. Analysis revealed low S. singularior hsp70 promoter activity in vitro and in vivo under basal conditions and after HS in comparison with the endogenous promoter in D. melanogaster cells, which correlates with the absence of canonical GAGA elements in the promoters of the former species. Indeed, the insertion of GAGA elements into the S. singularior hsp70 regulatory region resulted in a dramatic increase in promoter activity in vitro but only modestly enhanced the promoter strength in the larvae of the transformed strains. In contrast with hsp70 promoters, hsp83 promoters from both of the studied Diptera species demonstrated high conservation and universality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov N. Astakhova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga G. Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Sergei Yu. Funikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Elena S. Zelentsova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia G. Schostak
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Konstantin E. Orishchenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10,630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Michael B. Evgen’ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - David G. Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wollenberg Valero KC, Pathak R, Prajapati I, Bankston S, Thompson A, Usher J, Isokpehi RD. A candidate multimodal functional genetic network for thermal adaptation. PeerJ 2014; 2:e578. [PMID: 25289178 PMCID: PMC4183952 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate ectotherms such as reptiles provide ideal organisms for the study of adaptation to environmental thermal change. Comparative genomic and exomic studies can recover markers that diverge between warm and cold adapted lineages, but the genes that are functionally related to thermal adaptation may be difficult to identify. We here used a bioinformatics genome-mining approach to predict and identify functions for suitable candidate markers for thermal adaptation in the chicken. We first established a framework of candidate functions for such markers, and then compiled the literature on genes known to adapt to the thermal environment in different lineages of vertebrates. We then identified them in the genomes of human, chicken, and the lizard Anolis carolinensis, and established a functional genetic interaction network in the chicken. Surprisingly, markers initially identified from diverse lineages of vertebrates such as human and fish were all in close functional relationship with each other and more associated than expected by chance. This indicates that the general genetic functional network for thermoregulation and/or thermal adaptation to the environment might be regulated via similar evolutionarily conserved pathways in different vertebrate lineages. We were able to identify seven functions that were statistically overrepresented in this network, corresponding to four of our originally predicted functions plus three unpredicted functions. We describe this network as multimodal: central regulator genes with the function of relaying thermal signal (1), affect genes with different cellular functions, namely (2) lipoprotein metabolism, (3) membrane channels, (4) stress response, (5) response to oxidative stress, (6) muscle contraction and relaxation, and (7) vasodilation, vasoconstriction and regulation of blood pressure. This network constitutes a novel resource for the study of thermal adaptation in the closely related nonavian reptiles and other vertebrate ectotherms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachana Pathak
- College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University , Daytona Beach, FL , USA
| | - Indira Prajapati
- College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University , Daytona Beach, FL , USA
| | - Shannon Bankston
- College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University , Daytona Beach, FL , USA
| | - Aprylle Thompson
- College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University , Daytona Beach, FL , USA
| | - Jaytriece Usher
- College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University , Daytona Beach, FL , USA
| | - Raphael D Isokpehi
- College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University , Daytona Beach, FL , USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Astakhova LN, Zatsepina OG, Evgen’ev MB, Garbuz DG. Comparative analysis of effectiveness of heat-shock promoters in two Diptera species. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
18
|
Morris JP, Thatje S, Hauton C. The use of stress-70 proteins in physiology: a re-appraisal. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:1494-502. [PMID: 23599959 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There are few factors more important to the mechanisms of evolution than stress. The stress response has formed as a result of natural selection, improving the capacity of organisms to withstand situations that require action.The ubiquity of the cellular stress response suggests that effective mechanisms to counteract stress emerged early in the history of life, and their commonality proves how vital such mechanisms are to operative evolution. The cellular stress response (CSR) has been identified as a characteristic of cells in all three domains of life and consists of a core 44 proteins that are structurally highly conserved and that have been termed the ‘minimal stressproteome’ (MSP). Within the MSP, the most intensely researched proteins are a family of heat-shock proteins known as HSP70. Superficially, correlations between the induction of stress and HSP70 differential expression support the use of HSP70 expression as a nonspecific biomarker of stress. However, we argue that too often authors have failed to question exactly what HSP70 differential expression signifies. Herein, we argue that HSP70 up-regulation in response to stressors has been shown to be far more complex than the commonly accepted quasi-linear relationship. In addition, in many instances, the uncertain identity and function of heat-shock proteins and heat-shock cognates has led to difficulties in interpretation of reports of inducible heat-shock proteins and constitutive heat-shock cognates. We caution against the broad application of HSP70 as a biomarker of stress in isolation and conclude that the application of HSP70 as a meaningful index of stress requires a higher degree of validation than the majority of research currently undertakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Morris
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, European Way, SO14 3ZH, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Astakhova LN, Zatsepina OG, Przhiboro AA, Evgen'ev MB, Garbuz DG. Novel arrangement and comparative analysis of hsp90 family genes in three thermotolerant species of Stratiomyidae (Diptera). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 22:284-296. [PMID: 23521688 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock proteins belonging to the Hsp90 family (Hsp83 in Diptera) play a crucial role in the protection of cells due to their chaperoning functions. We sequenced hsp90 genes from three species of the family Stratiomyidae (Diptera) living in thermally different habitats and characterized by extraordinarily high thermotolerance. The sequence variation and structure of the hsp90 family genes were compared with previously described features of hsp70 copies isolated from the same species. Two functional hsp83 genes were found in the species studied, that are arranged in tandem orientation at least in one of them. This organization was not previously described. Stratiomyidae hsp83 genes share a high level of identity with hsp83 of Drosophila, and the deduced protein possesses five conserved amino acid sequence motifs characteristic of the Hsp90 family as well as the C-terminus MEEVD sequence characteristic of the cytosolic isoform. A comparison of the hsp83 promoters of two Stratiomyidae species from thermally contrasting habitats demonstrated that while both species contain canonical heat shock elements in the same position, only one of the species contains functional GAF-binding elements. Our data indicate that in the same species, hsp83 family genes show a higher evolution rate than the hsp70 family.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lencioni V, Bernabò P, Cesari M, Rebecchi L, Cesari M. Thermal stress induces HSP70 proteins synthesis in larvae of the cold stream non-biting midge Diamesa cinerella Meigen. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 83:1-14. [PMID: 23404797 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory experiments on the cold stenothermal midge Diamesa cinerella (Diptera, Chironomidae) were performed to study the relationship between increasing temperature and heat shock proteins (HSP70) expression at translational level (Western blotting). Thermotolerance of IV instar larvae collected in nature at 1.5-4.3°C during seasons was analyzed through short-term (1 h at ten different temperatures from 26°C to 35°C) and long-term (1-14 h at 26°C and 1-4 h at 32°C) heat shocks. A high thermotolerance was detected (LT50=30.9-32.8°C and LT100=34.0-37.8°C). However, survival decreased consistently with increasing exposure time, especially at higher temperature (LTime50=7.64 h at 26°C and LTime50=1.73 h at 32°C). The relationship between such heat resistance and HSP70 expression appeared evident because a relationship between HSP70 level and larval survival rate was generally found. A heat shock response (HSR) was consistent only in the summer larvae. The absence of HSR in the other populations coupled with even higher amounts of HSP70 than in summer, led us to hypothesize that other macromolecules and other adaptive mechanisms, apart from biochemical ones, are involved in the response of D. cinerella larvae to high temperature. Altogether these results stressed how in this midge the HSP70 protein family confers resistance against cold, being detected under natural conditions in control larvae collected in all seasons, but also against warm under experimental heat shocks. These results give new insights into possible responses to climate changes in freshwater insects within the context of global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lencioni
- Section of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bedulina DS, Evgen'ev MB, Timofeyev MA, Protopopova MV, Garbuz DG, Pavlichenko VV, Luckenbach T, Shatilina ZM, Axenov-Gribanov DV, Gurkov AN, Sokolova IM, Zatsepina OG. Expression patterns and organization of thehsp70genes correlate with thermotolerance in two congener endemic amphipod species (Eulimnogammarus cyaneusandE. verrucosus) from Lake Baikal. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:1416-30. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Bedulina
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Baikal Research Centre; Lenina str. 3 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
| | - M. B. Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vaviolva str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institutskaya str. 3 Pushchino 142290 Russia
| | - M. A. Timofeyev
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Baikal Research Centre; Lenina str. 3 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
| | - M. V. Protopopova
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences; Lermontov str. 132 Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - D. G. Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vaviolva str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - V. V. Pavlichenko
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences; Lermontov str. 132 Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - T. Luckenbach
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology; Permoserstr.15 Leipzig 04318 Germany
| | - Z. M. Shatilina
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Baikal Research Centre; Lenina str. 3 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
| | - D. V. Axenov-Gribanov
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Baikal Research Centre; Lenina str. 3 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
| | - A. N. Gurkov
- Irkutsk State University; Karl-Marx str. 1 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
- Baikal Research Centre; Lenina str. 3 Irkutsk 664003 Russia
| | - I. M. Sokolova
- Department of Biology; University of North Carolina at Charlotte; 9201 University City Blvd. Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - O. G. Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vaviolva str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ribeiro PL, Camacho A, Navas CA. Considerations for assessing maximum critical temperatures in small ectothermic animals: insights from leaf-cutting ants. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32083. [PMID: 22384147 PMCID: PMC3286443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal limits of individual animals were originally proposed as a link between animal physiology and thermal ecology. Although this link is valid in theory, the evaluation of physiological tolerances involves some problems that are the focus of this study. One rationale was that heating rates shall influence upper critical limits, so that ecological thermal limits need to consider experimental heating rates. In addition, if thermal limits are not surpassed in experiments, subsequent tests of the same individual should yield similar results or produce evidence of hardening. Finally, several non-controlled variables such as time under experimental conditions and procedures may affect results. To analyze these issues we conducted an integrative study of upper critical temperatures in a single species, the ant Atta sexdens rubropiosa, an animal model providing large numbers of individuals of diverse sizes but similar genetic makeup. Our specific aims were to test the 1) influence of heating rates in the experimental evaluation of upper critical temperature, 2) assumptions of absence of physical damage and reproducibility, and 3) sources of variance often overlooked in the thermal-limits literature; and 4) to introduce some experimental approaches that may help researchers to separate physiological and methodological issues. The upper thermal limits were influenced by both heating rates and body mass. In the latter case, the effect was physiological rather than methodological. The critical temperature decreased during subsequent tests performed on the same individual ants, even one week after the initial test. Accordingly, upper thermal limits may have been overestimated by our (and typical) protocols. Heating rates, body mass, procedures independent of temperature and other variables may affect the estimation of upper critical temperatures. Therefore, based on our data, we offer suggestions to enhance the quality of measurements, and offer recommendations to authors aiming to compile and analyze databases from the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Leite Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jiang X, Zhai H, Wang L, Luo L, Sappington TW, Zhang L. Cloning of the heat shock protein 90 and 70 genes from the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, and expression characteristics in relation to thermal stress and development. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:67-80. [PMID: 21842334 PMCID: PMC3227854 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-011-0286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein (HSP) genes (Se-hsp90 and Se-hsp70) were cloned from the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, and their expression was investigated in relation to cold shock, heat shock, and development. The open reading frames of Se-hsp90 and Se-hsp70 are 2,154 and 2,004 bp in length, encoding polypeptides of 717 and 667 amino acids with a molecular mass of 82.6 and 72.5 kDa, respectively. Both genes showed high similarity to their counterparts in other species. Transcriptional expression profiles revealed that both genes were significantly up-regulated under thermal stress. However, the temperature at which expression level became significantly higher than that of controls varied between genes. Intensity of response to temperature was more intense for Se-hsp70 than for Se-hsp90, regardless of temperature or developmental stage. However, intensities of response to temperature of either Se-hsp90 or Se-hsp70 varied with developmental stage. The basal expression of both genes was highest in young larvae and decreased with age. Translational expression of Se-Hsp70 was observed by using Western blot, the expression profiles of Se-Hsp70 protein were in high agreement with those of Se-hsp70 RNA under heat or cold stress in larvae and pupae. However, it does not completely accord with that of Se-hsp70 RNA expression during development without thermal stress. These results indicated that, in addition to heat shock responses, both Se-hsp90 and Se-hsp70 might be involved in development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Garbuz DG, Astakhova LN, Zatsepina OG, Arkhipova IR, Nudler E, Evgen'ev MB. Functional organization of hsp70 cluster in camel (Camelus dromedarius) and other mammals. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27205. [PMID: 22096537 PMCID: PMC3212538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a molecular chaperone providing tolerance to heat and other challenges at the cellular and organismal levels. We sequenced a genomic cluster containing three hsp70 family genes linked with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region from an extremely heat tolerant animal, camel (Camelus dromedarius). Two hsp70 family genes comprising the cluster contain heat shock elements (HSEs), while the third gene lacks HSEs and should not be induced by heat shock. Comparison of the camel hsp70 cluster with the corresponding regions from several mammalian species revealed similar organization of genes forming the cluster. Specifically, the two heat inducible hsp70 genes are arranged in tandem, while the third constitutively expressed hsp70 family member is present in inverted orientation. Comparison of regulatory regions of hsp70 genes from camel and other mammals demonstrates that transcription factor matches with highest significance are located in the highly conserved 250-bp upstream region and correspond to HSEs followed by NF-Y and Sp1 binding sites. The high degree of sequence conservation leaves little room for putative camel-specific regulatory elements. Surprisingly, RT-PCR and 5′/3′-RACE analysis demonstrated that all three hsp70 genes are expressed in camel's muscle and blood cells not only after heat shock, but under normal physiological conditions as well, and may account for tolerance of camel cells to extreme environmental conditions. A high degree of evolutionary conservation observed for the hsp70 cluster always linked with MHC locus in mammals suggests an important role of such organization for coordinated functioning of these vital genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G. Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Irina R. Arkhipova
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eugene Nudler
- Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York United States of America
| | - Michael B. Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Russia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Comparative analysis on the expression of inducible HSPs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:3915-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
26
|
Bernabò P, Rebecchi L, Jousson O, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Lencioni V. Thermotolerance and hsp70 heat shock response in the cold-stenothermal chironomid Pseudodiamesa branickii (NE Italy). Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:403-10. [PMID: 21188662 PMCID: PMC3118828 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the physiological capability of cold-stenothermal organisms to survive high-temperature stress, we analyzed the thermotolerance limits and the expression level of hsp70 genes under temperature stress in the alpine midge Pseudodiamesa branickii (Diptera Chironomidae). A lethal temperature (LT(100)) of 36°C and a lethal temperature 50% (LT(50)) of 32.2°C were found for the cold-stenothermal larvae after short-term shocks (1 h). Additional experiments revealed that the duration of the exposure negatively influenced survival, whereas a prior exposure to a less severe high temperature generated an increase in survival. To investigate the molecular basis of this high thermotolerance, the expression of the hsp70 gene family was surveyed via semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis in treated larvae. The constitutive (hsc70) and inducible (hsp70) forms were both analyzed. Larvae of P. branickii showed a significant up-regulation of inducible hsp70 gene with increasing temperatures and an over-expression of both hsp70 and hsc70 by increasing the time of exposure. Different from that was shown in many cold-stenothermal Antarctic organisms, P. branickii was able to activate hsp70 genes transcription (equal to heat shock response) in response to thermal stress. Finally, the unclear relationship between hsp70 expression and survival led us to surmise that genes other than hsp70 and other processes apart from the biochemical processes might generate the high thermaltolerance of P. branickii larvae. These results and future high-throughput studies at both the transcriptome and proteome level will improve our ability to predict the future geographic distribution of this species within the context of global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bernabò
- Department of Biology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Section of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali, Via Calepina 14, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Lorena Rebecchi
- Department of Biology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Olivier Jousson
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Jose Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Group of Biology and Environmetal Toxixology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Valeria Lencioni
- Section of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali, Via Calepina 14, 38122 Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Healy TM, Schulte PM. Factors affecting plasticity in whole-organism thermal tolerance in common killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). J Comp Physiol B 2011; 182:49-62. [PMID: 21698526 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-011-0595-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We characterized the degree of plasticity in thermal tolerance (assessed as critical thermal maxima; CTMax) and the relationship between thermal tolerance and underlying physiological and biochemical factors in two subspecies of a teleost fish, Fundulus heteroclitus. CTMax was not affected by repeated daily heat shock, but increased within a few days in response to warm acclimation. Loss of tolerance with acclimation to lowered temperatures occurred more slowly. Exposure to hypoxia decreased CTMax, and hyperoxia had no effect. CTMax showed a daily rhythm in both subspecies. Thermal acclimation changed the value of CTMax but did not affect the amplitude of the rhythm. Exposure to altered photoperiod had complex effects with a summer photoperiod producing a daily rhythm at higher CTMax than a spring photoperiod, and a winter photoperiod removing the rhythm. There was no daily rhythm in routine metabolic rate in either subspecies. There was no relationship between CTMax and the protein levels of the constitutive 70 and 90 kDa heat shock proteins (HSC70, HSP90β) in gill, or with mRNA levels of hsc70 in liver. There was a daily rhythm in the basal levels of the inducible hsp70-2 mRNA. Induction of hsp70-2 mRNA with mild heat shock occurred only in the evening and at night, and not during the day. These results demonstrate that there is substantial plasticity of thermal tolerance in killifish, and that this plasticity does not differ between subspecies. CTMax has a complex relationship with physiological and biochemical mechanisms that have been hypothesized to affect thermal tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Healy
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Garbuz DG, Yushenova IA, Zatsepina OG, Przhiboro AA, Bettencourt BR, Evgen'ev MB. Organization and evolution of hsp70 clusters strikingly differ in two species of Stratiomyidae (Diptera) inhabiting thermally contrasting environments. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:74. [PMID: 21426536 PMCID: PMC3071340 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previously, we described the heat shock response in dipteran species belonging to the family Stratiomyidae that develop in thermally and chemically contrasting habitats including highly aggressive ones. Although all species studied exhibit high constitutive levels of Hsp70 accompanied by exceptionally high thermotolerance, we also detected characteristic interspecies differences in heat shock protein (Hsp) expression and survival after severe heat shock. Here, we analyzed genomic libraries from two Stratiomyidae species from thermally and chemically contrasting habitats and determined the structure and organization of their hsp70 clusters. Results Although the genomes of both species contain similar numbers of hsp70 genes, the spatial distribution of hsp70 copies differs characteristically. In a population of the eurytopic species Stratiomys singularior, which exists in thermally variable and chemically aggressive (hypersaline) conditions, the hsp70 copies form a tight cluster with approximately equal intergenic distances. In contrast, in a population of the stenotopic Oxycera pardalina that dwells in a stable cold spring, we did not find hsp70 copies in tandem orientation. In this species, the distance between individual hsp70 copies in the genome is very large, if they are linked at all. In O. pardalina we detected the hsp68 gene located next to a hsp70 copy in tandem orientation. Although the hsp70 coding sequences of S. singularior are highly homogenized via conversion, the structure and general arrangement of the hsp70 clusters are highly polymorphic, including gross aberrations, various deletions in intergenic regions, and insertion of incomplete Mariner transposons in close vicinity to the 3'-UTRs. Conclusions The hsp70 gene families in S. singularior and O. pardalina evolved quite differently from one another. We demonstrated clear evidence of homogenizing gene conversion in the S. singularior hsp70 genes, which form tight clusters in this species. In the case of the other species, O. pardalina, we found no clear trace of concerted evolution for the dispersed hsp70 genes. Furthermore, in the latter species we detected hsp70 pseudogenes, representing a hallmark of the birth-and-death process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sørensen JG, Vermeulen CJ, Flik G, Loeschcke V. Stress specific correlated responses in fat content, Hsp70 and dopamine levels in Drosophila melanogaster selected for resistance to environmental stress. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 55:700-706. [PMID: 19446560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 05/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Studies of adaptation to stressful environments have frequently encountered cross resistance. This has prompted the hypothesis that certain adaptations confer resistance to multiple stressors. Some of the genes and mechanisms conferring stress resistance have been identified, however, the generality and basis of stress adaptation and cross resistance is still unclear. We investigated several physiological traits that have been previously linked to increased stress resistance: Hsp70 expression, fat content and dopamine levels. Additionally, we studied a behavioural trait, locomotor activity, as a proxy for the physiological state of the organisms. Physiology is the mechanistic link between resistance phenotype and underlying genetic background, and provides insights into the background and generality of cross resistance and correlated responses to selection for stress resistance. We assessed the relationship between the measured traits and stress resistance in a set of lines selected for increased resistance to several environmental stressors. We found that, although all physiological traits displayed significant differentiation among selection regimes, none were consistently associated with increased general stress resistance. This demonstrates that directional changes in Hsp70 expression level, dopamine level and fat content occur in response to the specific requirements of the different stress regimes, rather than as a general response to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Sørensen
- Genetics and Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Corrigendum. Mol Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|