1
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Sze H, Klodová B, Ward JM, Harper JF, Palanivelu R, Johnson MA, Honys D. A wave of specific transcript and protein accumulation accompanies pollen dehydration. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1775-1795. [PMID: 38530638 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In flowering plants, male gametes are immotile and carried by dry pollen grains to the female organ. Dehydrated pollen is thought to withstand abiotic stress when grains are dispersed from the anther to the pistil, after which sperm cells are delivered via pollen tube growth for fertilization and seed set. Yet, the underlying molecular changes accompanying dehydration and the impact on pollen development are poorly understood. To gain a systems perspective, we analyzed published transcriptomes and proteomes of developing Arabidopsis thaliana pollen. Waves of transcripts are evident as microspores develop to bicellular, tricellular, and mature pollen. Between the "early"- and "late"-pollen-expressed genes, an unrecognized cluster of transcripts accumulated, including those encoding late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA), desiccation-related protein, transporters, lipid-droplet associated proteins, pectin modifiers, cysteine-rich proteins, and mRNA-binding proteins. Results suggest dehydration onset initiates after bicellular pollen is formed. Proteins accumulating in mature pollen like ribosomal proteins, initiation factors, and chaperones are likely components of mRNA-protein condensates resembling "stress" granules. Our analysis has revealed many new transcripts and proteins that accompany dehydration in developing pollen. Together with published functional studies, our results point to multiple processes, including (1) protect developing pollen from hyperosmotic stress, (2) remodel the endomembrane system and walls, (3) maintain energy metabolism, (4) stabilize presynthesized mRNA and proteins in condensates of dry pollen, and (5) equip pollen for compatibility determination at the stigma and for recovery at rehydration. These findings offer novel models and molecular candidates to further determine the mechanistic basis of dehydration and desiccation tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heven Sze
- Department Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Božena Klodová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - John M Ward
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Jeffrey F Harper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | | - Mark A Johnson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - David Honys
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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2
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Xiao L, Wang X, Jiang Y, Ye B, Yu K, Wang Q, Yang X, Zhang J, Ouyang Q, Jin H, Tian E. Lipid and sugar metabolism play an essential role in pollen development and male sterility: a case analysis in Brassica napus. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14394. [PMID: 38894535 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The genic male sterility (GMS) system is an important strategy for generating heterosis in plants. To better understand the essential role of lipid and sugar metabolism and to identify additional candidates for pollen development and male sterility, transcriptome and metabolome analysis of a GMS line of 1205AB in B. napus was used as a case study. DATA RESOURCES GENERATED To characterize the GMS system, the transcriptome and metabolome profiles were generated for 24 samples and 48 samples of 1205AB in B. napus, respectively. Transcriptome analysis yielded a total of 156.52 Gb of clean data and revealed the expression levels of 109,541 genes and 8,501 novel genes. In addition, a total of 1,353 metabolites were detected in the metabolomic analysis, including 784 in positive ion mode and 569 in negative ion mode. KEY RESULTS A total of 15,635 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 83 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified from different comparison groups, most of which were involved in lipid and sugar metabolism. The combination of transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed 49 orthologous GMS genes related to lipid metabolism and 46 orthologous GMS genes related to sugar metabolism, as well as 45 novel genes. UTILITY OF THE RESOURCE The transcriptome and metabolome profiles and their analysis provide useful reference data for the future discovery of additional GMS genes and the development of more robust male sterility breeding systems for use in the production of plant hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Xiao
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianya Wang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingfen Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Botao Ye
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kunjiang Yu
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinze Zhang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qingjing Ouyang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hairui Jin
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Entang Tian
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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3
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Van Leene J, Eeckhout D, Gadeyne A, Matthijs C, Han C, De Winne N, Persiau G, Van De Slijke E, Persyn F, Mertens T, Smagghe W, Crepin N, Broucke E, Van Damme D, Pleskot R, Rolland F, De Jaeger G. Mapping of the plant SnRK1 kinase signalling network reveals a key regulatory role for the class II T6P synthase-like proteins. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:1245-1261. [PMID: 36376753 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The central metabolic regulator SnRK1 controls plant growth and survival upon activation by energy depletion, but detailed molecular insight into its regulation and downstream targets is limited. Here we used phosphoproteomics to infer the sucrose-dependent processes targeted upon starvation by kinases as SnRK1, corroborating the relation of SnRK1 with metabolic enzymes and transcriptional regulators, while also pointing to SnRK1 control of intracellular trafficking. Next, we integrated affinity purification, proximity labelling and crosslinking mass spectrometry to map the protein interaction landscape, composition and structure of the SnRK1 heterotrimer, providing insight in its plant-specific regulation. At the intersection of this multi-dimensional interactome, we discovered a strong association of SnRK1 with class II T6P synthase (TPS)-like proteins. Biochemical and cellular assays show that TPS-like proteins function as negative regulators of SnRK1. Next to stable interactions with the TPS-like proteins, similar intricate connections were found with known regulators, suggesting that plants utilize an extended kinase complex to fine-tune SnRK1 activity for optimal responses to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Van Leene
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Astrid Gadeyne
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caroline Matthijs
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chao Han
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nancy De Winne
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Persiau
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eveline Van De Slijke
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Freya Persyn
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Toon Mertens
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Smagghe
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Crepin
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute-LPI, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Broucke
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute-LPI, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roman Pleskot
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute-LPI, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
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4
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Tavares MM, Ferro M, Leal BSS, Palma‐Silva C. Speciation with gene flow between two Neotropical sympatric species (
Pitcairnia
spp.: Bromeliaceae). Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8834. [PMID: 35509614 PMCID: PMC9055293 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marília Manuppella Tavares
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | - Milene Ferro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada Universidade Estadual Paulista Rio Claro Brazil
| | - Bárbara Simões Santos Leal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | - Clarisse Palma‐Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil
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5
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Kamemura K, Moriya H, Ukita Y, Okumura M, Miura M, Chihara T. Endoplasmic reticulum proteins Meigo and Gp93 govern dendrite targeting by regulating Toll-6 localization. Dev Biol 2022; 484:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Schwarzbaum PJ, Schachter J, Bredeston LM. The broad range di- and trinucleotide exchanger SLC35B1 displays asymmetrical affinities for ATP transport across the ER membrane. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101537. [PMID: 35041824 PMCID: PMC9010763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, uptake of cytosolic ATP into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen is critical for the proper functioning of chaperone proteins. The human transport protein SLC35B1 was recently postulated to mediate ATP/ADP exchange in the ER; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating ATP uptake are not completely understood. Here, we extensively characterized the transport kinetics of human SLC35B1 expressed in yeast that was purified and reconstituted into liposomes. Using [α32P]ATP uptake assays, we tested the nucleotide concentration dependence of ATP/ADP exchange activity on both sides of the membrane. We found that the apparent affinities of SLC35B1 for ATP/ADP on the internal face were approximately 13 times higher than those on the external side. Because SLC35B1-containing liposomes were preferentially inside-out oriented, these results suggest a low-affinity external site and a high-affinity internal site in the ER. Three different experimental approaches indicated that ATP/ADP exchange by SLC35B1 was not strict, and that other di- and tri-nucleotides could act as suitable counter-substrates for ATP, although mononucleotides and nucleotide sugars were not transported. Finally, bioinformatic analysis and site-directed mutagenesis identified that conserved residues K117 and K120 from transmembrane helix 4 and K277 from transmembrane helix 9 play critical roles in transport. The fact that SLC35B1 can promote ATP transport in exchange for ADP or UDP suggest a more direct coupling between ATP import requirements and the need for eliminating ADP and UDP, which are generated as side products of reactions taking place in the ER-lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J Schwarzbaum
- Departamento de Química Biológica-IQUIFIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Julieta Schachter
- Departamento de Química Biológica-IQUIFIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - Luis M Bredeston
- Departamento de Química Biológica-IQUIFIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, CABA, Argentina.
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7
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Sze H, Palanivelu R, Harper JF, Johnson MA. Holistic insights from pollen omics: co-opting stress-responsive genes and ER-mediated proteostasis for male fertility. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2361-2380. [PMID: 34601610 PMCID: PMC8644640 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants takes place without an aqueous environment. Sperm are carried by pollen through air to reach the female gametophyte, though the molecular basis underlying the protective strategy of the male gametophyte is poorly understood. Here we compared the published transcriptomes of Arabidopsis thaliana pollen, and of heat-responsive genes, and uncovered insights into how mature pollen (MP) tolerates desiccation, while developing and germinating pollen are vulnerable to heat stress. Germinating pollen expresses molecular chaperones or "heat shock proteins" in the absence of heat stress. Furthermore, pollen tubes that grew through pistils at basal temperature showed induction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, which is a characteristic of stressed vegetative tissues. Recent studies show MP contains mRNA-protein (mRNP) aggregates that resemble "stress" granules triggered by heat or other stresses to protect cells. Based on these observations, we postulate that mRNP particles are formed in maturing pollen in response to developmentally programmed dehydration. Dry pollen can withstand harsh conditions as it is dispersed in air. We propose that, when pollen lands on a compatible pistil and hydrates, mRNAs stored in particles are released, aided by molecular chaperones, to become translationally active. Pollen responds to osmotic, mechanical, oxidative, and peptide cues that promote ER-mediated proteostasis and membrane trafficking for tube growth and sperm discharge. Unlike vegetative tissues, pollen depends on stress-protection strategies for its normal development and function. Thus, heat stress during reproduction likely triggers changes that interfere with the normal pollen responses, thereby compromising male fertility. This holistic perspective provides a framework to understand the basis of heat-tolerant strains in the reproduction of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heven Sze
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Author for communication:
| | | | - Jeffrey F Harper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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8
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Poidevin L, Forment J, Unal D, Ferrando A. Transcriptome and translatome changes in germinated pollen under heat stress uncover roles of transporter genes involved in pollen tube growth. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021. [PMID: 33289138 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.29.122937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant reproduction is one key biological process that is very sensitive to heat stress and, as a result, enhanced global warming becomes a serious threat to agriculture. In this work, we have studied the effects of heat on germinated pollen of Arabidopsis thaliana both at the transcriptional and translational level. We have used a high-resolution ribosome profiling technology to provide a comprehensive study of the transcriptome and the translatome of germinated pollen at permissive and restrictive temperatures. We have found significant down-regulation of key membrane transporters required for pollen tube growth by heat, thus uncovering heat-sensitive targets. A subset of the heat-repressed transporters showed coordinated up-regulation with canonical heat-shock genes at permissive conditions. We also found specific regulations at the translational level and we have uncovered the presence of ribosomes on sequences annotated as non-coding. Our results demonstrate that heat impacts mostly on membrane transporters thus explaining the deleterious effects of heat stress on pollen growth. The specific regulations at the translational level and the presence of ribosomes on non-coding RNAs highlights novel regulatory aspects on plant fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Poidevin
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Forment
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dilek Unal
- Biotechnology Application and Research Center, and Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Letter, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Alejandro Ferrando
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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9
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Liu J, Liu M, Tan L, Huai B, Ma X, Pan Q, Zheng P, Wen Y, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Kang Z, Xiao S. AtSTP8, an endoplasmic reticulum-localised monosaccharide transporter from Arabidopsis, is recruited to the extrahaustorial membrane during powdery mildew infection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2404-2419. [PMID: 33728642 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biotrophic pathogens are believed to strategically manipulate sugar transport in host cells to enhance their access to carbohydrates. However, mechanisms of sugar translocation from host cells to biotrophic fungi such as powdery mildew across the plant-haustorium interface remain poorly understood. To investigate this question, systematic subcellular localisation analysis was performed for all the 14 members of the monosaccharide sugar transporter protein (STP) family in Arabidopsis thaliana. The best candidate AtSTP8 was further characterised for its transport properties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and potential role in powdery mildew infection by gene ablation and overexpression in Arabidopsis. Our results showed that AtSTP8 was mainly localised to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and appeared to be recruited to the host-derived extrahaustorial membrane (EHM) induced by powdery mildew. Functional complementation assays in S. cerevisiae suggested that AtSTP8 can transport a broad spectrum of hexose substrates. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtSTP8 showed increased hexose concentration in leaf tissues and enhanced susceptibility to powdery mildew. Our data suggested that the ER-localised sugar transporter AtSTP8 may be recruited to the EHM where it may be involved in sugar acquisition by haustoria of powdery mildew from host cells in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mengxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Liqiang Tan
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611830, China
| | - Baoyu Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xianfeng Ma
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Qinglin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peijing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yingqiang Wen
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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10
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Singh MB, Lohani N, Bhalla PL. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Pollen Development and Heat Stress Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:661062. [PMID: 33936150 PMCID: PMC8079734 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.661062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is defined by a protracted disruption in protein folding and accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER. This accumulation of unfolded proteins can result from excessive demands on the protein folding machinery triggered by environmental and cellular stresses such as nutrient deficiencies, oxidative stress, pathogens, and heat. The cell responds to ER stress by activating a protective pathway termed unfolded protein response (UPR), which comprises cellular mechanisms targeted to maintain cellular homeostasis by increasing the ER's protein folding capacity. The UPR is especially significant for plants as being sessile requires them to adapt to multiple environmental stresses. While multiple stresses trigger the UPR at the vegetative stage, it appears to be active constitutively in the anthers of unstressed plants. Transcriptome analysis reveals significant upregulation of ER stress-related transcripts in diploid meiocytes and haploid microspores. Interestingly, several ER stress-related genes are specifically upregulated in the sperm cells. The analysis of gene knockout mutants in Arabidopsis has revealed that defects in ER stress response lead to the failure of normal pollen development and enhanced susceptibility of male gametophyte to heat stress conditions. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the role of ER stress and UPR in pollen development and its protective roles in maintaining male fertility under heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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11
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Jing B, Ishikawa T, Soltis N, Inada N, Liang Y, Murawska G, Fang L, Andeberhan F, Pidatala R, Yu X, Baidoo E, Kawai‐Yamada M, Loque D, Kliebenstein DJ, Dupree P, Mortimer JC. The Arabidopsis thaliana nucleotide sugar transporter GONST2 is a functional homolog of GONST1. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00309. [PMID: 33763627 PMCID: PMC7980081 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylinositolphosphorylceramides (GIPCs) are the predominant lipid in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Characterized GIPC glycosylation mutants have severe or lethal plant phenotypes. However, the function of the glycosylation is unclear. Previously, we characterized Arabidopsis thaliana GONST1 and showed that it was a nucleotide sugar transporter which provides GDP-mannose for GIPC glycosylation. gonst1 has a severe growth phenotype, as well as a constitutive defense response. Here, we characterize a mutant in GONST1's closest homolog, GONST2. The gonst2-1 allele has a minor change to GIPC headgroup glycosylation. Like other reported GIPC glycosylation mutants, gonst1-1gonst2-1 has reduced cellulose, a cell wall polymer that is synthesized at the plasma membrane. The gonst2-1 allele has increased resistance to a biotrophic pathogen Golovinomyces orontii but not the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Expression of GONST2 under the GONST1 promoter can rescue the gonst1 phenotype, indicating that GONST2 has a similar function to GONST1 in providing GDP-D-Man for GIPC mannosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Jing
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Toshiki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringSaitama UniversityJapan
| | | | - Noriko Inada
- Graduate School of Biological SciencesNAISTNaraJapan
- Present address:
Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesOsaka Prefecture UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Yan Liang
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Gosia Murawska
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
- Present address:
Chemistry DepartmentBaselSwitzerland
| | - Lin Fang
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
- Present address:
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied BotanySouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Fekadu Andeberhan
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Ramana Pidatala
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Edward Baidoo
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | | | - Dominique Loque
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | | | - Paul Dupree
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Jenny C. Mortimer
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
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12
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Lyu YS, Shao YJ, Yang ZT, Liu JX. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of ER Stress Response Reveals both Common and Specific Features in Two Contrasting Ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249741. [PMID: 33371194 PMCID: PMC7766468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) elicits a well-conserved response called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which triggers the upregulation of downstream genes involved in protein folding, vesicle trafficking, and ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Although dynamic transcriptomic responses and the underlying major transcriptional regulators in ER stress response in Arabidopsis have been well established, the proteome changes induced by ER stress have not been reported in Arabidopsis. In the current study, we found that the Arabidopsis Landsberg erecta (Ler) ecotype was more sensitive to ER stress than the Columbia (Col) ecotype. Quantitative mass spectrometry analysis with Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) isobaric labeling showed that, in total, 7439 and 7035 proteins were identified from Col and Ler seedlings, with 88 and 113 differentially regulated (FC > 1.3 or <0.7, p < 0.05) proteins by ER stress in Col and Ler, respectively. Among them, 40 proteins were commonly upregulated in Col and Ler, among which 10 were not upregulated in bzip28 bzip60 double mutant (Col background) plants. Of the 19 specifically upregulated proteins in Col, as compared with that in Ler, components in ERAD, N-glycosylation, vesicle trafficking, and molecular chaperones were represented. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that transcripts of eight out of 19 proteins were not upregulated (FC > 1.3 or <0.7, p < 0.05) by ER stress in Col ecotype, while transcripts of 11 out of 19 proteins were upregulated by ER stress in both ecotypes with no obvious differences in fold change between Col and Ler. Our results experimentally demonstrated the robust ER stress response at the proteome level in plants and revealed differentially regulated proteins that may contribute to the differed ER stress sensitivity between Col and Ler ecotypes in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shu Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.S.)
| | - Yu-Jian Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.S.)
| | - Zheng-Ting Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550018, China;
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-88208114
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13
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Ren L, Zhao T, Zhang L, Du G, Shen Y, Tang D, Li Y, Luo Q, Cheng Z. Defective Microspore Development 1 is required for microspore cell integrity and pollen wall formation in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1446-1459. [PMID: 32391618 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Highly coordinated pollen wall patterning is essential for male reproductive development. Here, we report the identification of Defective Microspore Development 1 (DMD1), which encodes a nuclear-localized protein possessing transactivation activity. DMD1 is preferentially expressed in the tapetum and microspores during post-meiotic development. Mutations in DMD1 cause a male-sterile phenotype with impaired microspore cell integrity. The mutants display abnormal callose degradation, accompanied by inhibited primexine thickening in the newly released microspores. Several genes associated with callose degradation and primexine formation are downregulated in dmd1 anthers. In addition, irregular Ubisch body morphology and discontinuous endexine occur, and the baculum is completely absent in dmd1. DMD1 interacts with Tapetum Degeneration Retardation (TDR), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor required for exine formation. Taken together, our results suggest that DMD1 is responsible for microspore cell integrity, primexine formation and exine pattern formation during Oryza sativa (rice) microspore development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Ren
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Guijie Du
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yi Shen
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ding Tang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yafei Li
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zhukuan Cheng
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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14
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Nayak S, Ghosh SK. Nucleotide sugar transporters of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba invadens involved in chitin synthesis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2019; 234:111224. [PMID: 31585127 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2019.111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chitin, a homopolymer of β-(1,4) linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), is a major component of cyst wall in the protozoan parasites Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) and Entamoeba invadens (Ei). The Entamoeba chitin synthase makes chitin at the vesicular membrane rather than the plasma membrane in fungi, even though the chemistry of chitin synthesis is most likely the same. However, the role of nucleotide sugar transporter(s) (NSTs) that are involved in chitin synthesis in Entamoeba are not yet established. In this study, we have identified the putative UDP-GlcNAc transporter (EiNst5) of Ei by BLASTP analysis using the amino acid sequence of EhNst3, the UDP-GlcNAc transporter of Eh. Heterologous expression of both EhNst3 and EiNst5 was found to complement the function of Yea4p (UDP-GlcNAc transporter of S. cerevisiae) in YEA4 null mutant and increased the cell wall chitin content. Like Yea4p in S. cerevisiae, Myc-epitope tagged EhNst3 and EiNst5 were localized to the endoplasmic reticulum in Δyea4 cells. The EiNST5 transcript was up-regulated during the in vitro encystation and oxidative stress in E. invadens. Similar up-regulation was also seen for EhNST3 under oxidative stress in E. histolytica. Down-regulation of EiNst5 expression using gene-specific dsRNA significantly reduced cyst formation during in vitro encystation in E. invadens. Our observations suggest for the first time the involvement of EhNst3 and EiNst5 in chitin synthesis and so in encystation of Entamoeba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santoshi Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721 302, India.
| | - Sudip K Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721 302, India.
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15
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Shen X, Xu L, Liu Y, Dong H, Zhou D, Zhang Y, Lin S, Cao J, Huang L. Comparative transcriptome analysis and ChIP-sequencing reveals stage-specific gene expression and regulation profiles associated with pollen wall formation in Brassica rapa. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:264. [PMID: 30943898 PMCID: PMC6446297 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genic male sterility (GMS) line is an important approach to utilize heterosis in Brassica rapa, one of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops in Northeast Asia. However, the molecular genetic mechanisms of GMS remain to be largely unknown. Results Detailed phenotypic observation of ‘Bcajh97-01A/B’, a B. rapa genic male sterile AB line in this study revealed that the aberrant meiotic cytokinesis and premature tapetal programmed cell death occurring in the sterile line ultimately resulted in microspore degeneration and pollen wall defect. Further gene expression profile of the sterile and fertile floral buds of ‘Bcajh97-01A/B’ at five typical developmental stages during pollen development supported the result of phenotypic observation and identified stage-specific genes associated with the main events associated with pollen wall development, including tapetum development or functioning, callose metabolism, pollen exine formation and cell wall modification. Additionally, by using ChIP-sequencing, the genomic and gene-level distribution of trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and H3K27 were mapped on the fertile floral buds, and a great deal of pollen development-associated genes that were covalently modified by H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 were identified. Conclusions Our study provids a deeper understanding into the gene expression and regulation network during pollen development and pollen wall formation in B. rapa, and enabled the identification of a set of candidate genes for further functional annotation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5637-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Shen
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liai Xu
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuzhi Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sue Lin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jiashu Cao
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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16
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Wang J, Lin W, Yin Z, Wang L, Dong S, An J, Lin Z, Yu H, Shi L, Lin S, Chen S. Comprehensive evaluation of fuel properties and complex regulation of intracellular transporters for high oil production in developing seeds of Prunus sibirica for woody biodiesel. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:6. [PMID: 30622648 PMCID: PMC6318995 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on our previous studies of 17 Prunus sibirica germplasms, one plus tree with high quality and quantity of seed oils has emerged as novel potential source of biodiesel. To better develop P. sibirica seed oils as woody biodiesel, a concurrent exploration of oil content, FA composition, biodiesel yield and fuel properties as well as prediction model construction for fuel properties was conducted on developing seeds to determine the optimal seed harvest time for producing high-quality biodiesel. Oil synthesis required supply of carbon source, energy and FA, but their transport mechanisms still remains enigmatic. Our recent 454 sequencing of P. sibirica could provide long-read sequences to identify membrane transporters for a better understanding of regulatory mechanism for high oil production in developing seeds. RESULTS To better develop the seed oils of P. sibirica as woody biodiesel, we firstly focused on a temporal and comparative evaluation of growth tendency, oil content, FA composition, biodiesel yield and fuel properties as well as model construction for biodiesel property prediction in different developing seeds from P. sibirica plus tree (accession AS-80), revealing that the oils from developing seeds harvested after 60 days after flowering (DAF) could be as novel potential feedstock for producing biodiesel with ideal fuel property. To gain new insight into membrane transport mechanism for high oil yield in developing seeds of P. sibirica, we presented a global analysis of transporter based on our recent 454 sequencing data of P. sibirica. We annotated a total of 116 genes for membrane-localized transporters at different organelles (plastid, endoplasmatic reticulum, tonoplast, mitochondria and peroxisome), of which some specific transporters were identified to be involved in carbon allocation, metabolite transport and energy supply for oil synthesis by both RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. Importantly, the transporter-mediated model was well established for high oil synthesis in developing P. sibirica seeds. Our findings could help to reveal molecular mechanism of increased oil production and may also present strategies for engineering oil accumulation in oilseed plants. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a temporal and comparative evaluation of developing P. sibirica seed oils as a potential feedstock for producing high-quality biodiesel and a global identification for membrane transporters was to gain better insights into regulatory mechanism of high oil production in developing seeds of P. sibirica. Our findings may present strategies for developing woody biodiesel resources and engineering oil accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Weijun Lin
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Zhongdong Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Libing Wang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - ShuBin Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jiyong An
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zixin Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Lingling Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Shanzhi Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Soil and Water Conservation, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
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17
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Yu Z, He C, Teixeira da Silva JA, Luo J, Yang Z, Duan J. The GDP-mannose transporter gene (DoGMT) from Dendrobium officinale is critical for mannan biosynthesis in plant growth and development. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 277:43-54. [PMID: 30466600 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale is a precious traditional Chinese medicinal herb because it is abundant in mannose-containing polysaccharides (MCPs). GDP-mannose transporter (GMT), which translocates GDP-mannose into the Golgi lumen, is indispensable for the biosynthesis of MCPs. In this study, we found that the dominant polysaccharides in D. officinale were MCPs in a range of varieties and different physiological phases. After a positive correlation between the accumulation of mannose and the transcript levels of candidate GMT genes was found, three GMT genes (DoGMT1-3) were identified in D. officinale. DoGMT1, DoGMT2 and DoGMT3 exhibited the highest transcript level in stem that an organ for MCPs storage. All three DoGMT proteins were targeted to Golgi apparatus, and had a GDP binding domain (GXL/VNK) that was homologous to a specially characterized GMT protein GONST1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, DoGMT1, DoGMT2 and DoGMT3 complemented a GDP-mannose transport-defective yeast mutant (vrg4-2), meanwhile they also demonstrated a higher GDP-mannose uptake activity. Therefore, we conclude that DoGMT1, DoGMT2 and DoGMT3 are able to transport GDP-mannose while the expression patterns of these genes correspond to the accumulation of MCPs in D. officinale. These findings support the importance of GMT genes from D. officinale in the biosynthesis of MCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Yu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Chunmei He
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | | | - Jianping Luo
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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18
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Ebert B, Rautengarten C, McFarlane HE, Rupasinghe T, Zeng W, Ford K, Scheller HV, Bacic A, Roessner U, Persson S, Heazlewood JL. A Golgi UDP-GlcNAc transporter delivers substrates for N-linked glycans and sphingolipids. NATURE PLANTS 2018; 4:792-801. [PMID: 30224661 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation requires activated glycosyl donors in the form of nucleotide sugars to drive processes such as post-translational protein modifications and glycolipid and polysaccharide biosynthesis. Most of these reactions occur in the Golgi, requiring cytosolic-derived nucleotide sugars, which need to be actively transferred into the Golgi lumen by nucleotide sugar transporters. We identified a Golgi-localized nucleotide sugar transporter from Arabidopsis thaliana with affinity for UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and assigned it UDP-GlcNAc transporter 1 (UGNT1). Profiles of N-glycopeptides revealed that plants carrying the ugnt1 loss-of-function allele are virtually devoid of complex and hybrid N-glycans. Instead, the N-glycopeptide population from these alleles exhibited high-mannose structures, representing structures prior to the addition of the first GlcNAc in the Golgi. Concomitantly, sphingolipid profiling revealed that the biosynthesis of GlcNAc-containing glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs) is also reliant on this transporter. By contrast, plants carrying the loss-of-function alleles affecting ROCK1, which has been reported to transport UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, exhibit no changes in N-glycan or GIPC profiles. Our findings reveal that plants contain a single UDP-GlcNAc transporter that delivers an essential substrate for the maturation of N-glycans and the GIPC class of sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Ebert
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Heather E McFarlane
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thusitha Rupasinghe
- Metabolomics Australia, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Zeng
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristina Ford
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henrik V Scheller
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Antony Bacic
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- Metabolomics Australia, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Staffan Persson
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua L Heazlewood
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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19
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Mathieu-Rivet E, Lerouge P, Bardor M. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Protein Glycosylation and Production of Biopharmaceuticals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-66360-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Záveská Drábková L, Honys D. Evolutionary history of callose synthases in terrestrial plants with emphasis on proteins involved in male gametophyte development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187331. [PMID: 29131847 PMCID: PMC5683620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Callose is a plant-specific polysaccharide (β-1,3-glucan) playing an important role in angiosperms in many developmental processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Callose is synthesised at the plasma membrane of plant cells by callose synthase (CalS) and, among others, represents the main polysaccharide in the callose wall surrounding the tetrads of developing microspores and in the growing pollen tube wall. CalS proteins involvement in spore development is a plesiomorphic feature of terrestrial plants, but very little is known about their evolutionary origin and relationships amongst the members of this protein family. We performed thorough comparative analyses of callose synthase family proteins from major plant lineages to determine their evolutionary history across the plant kingdom. A total of 1211 candidate CalS sequences were identified and compared amongst diverse taxonomic groups of plants, from bryophytes to angiosperms. Phylogenetic analyses identified six main clades of CalS proteins and suggested duplications during the evolution of specialised functions. Twelve family members had previously been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. We focused on five CalS subfamilies directly linked to pollen function and found that proteins expressed in pollen evolved twice. CalS9/10 and CalS11/12 formed well-defined clades, whereas pollen-specific CalS5 was found within subfamilies that mostly did not express in mature pollen vegetative cell, although were found in sperm cells. Expression of five out of seven mature pollen-expressed CalS genes was affected by mutations in bzip transcription factors. Only three subfamilies, CalS5, CalS10, and CalS11, however, formed monophyletic, mostly conserved clades. The pairs CalS9/CalS10, CalS11/CalS12 and CalS3 may have diverged after angiosperms diversified from lycophytes and bryophytes. Our analysis of fully sequenced plant proteins identified new evolutionary lineages of callose synthase subfamilies and has established a basis for understanding their functional evolution in terrestrial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Záveská Drábková
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, Praha 6, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (LZD); (DH)
| | - David Honys
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, Praha 6, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (LZD); (DH)
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21
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Janse van Rensburg HC, Van den Ende W. UDP-Glucose: A Potential Signaling Molecule in Plants? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2230. [PMID: 29375604 PMCID: PMC5767297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This perspective paper focuses on the most recent results suggesting a potential role for UDP-Glucose as a signaling molecule in plants. In animals, UDP-Glucose is well-established as an extracellular signaling molecule that is sensed by G-protein coupled receptors, activating several downstream defense mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that abnormal growth occurred in both vegetative and reproductive tissue of plants with reduced UDP-Glucose levels, and this could be rescued by exogenous UDP-Glucose. In plants with increased biomass accumulation, the genes involved in UDP-Glucose production were up-regulated. However, excessive endogenous accumulation of UDP-Glucose induced programmed cell death (PCD), and this could also be obtained by exogenous UDP-Glucose application. Plants with decreased UDP-glucose were insensitive to pathogen induced PCD. We speculate that UDP-Glucose acts as an extracellular signaling molecule in plants, and that it may be perceived as a damage-associated molecular pattern.
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22
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Bredeston LM, Marino-Buslje C, Mattera VS, Buzzi LI, Parodi AJ, D'Alessio C. The conundrum of UDP-Glc entrance into the yeast ER lumen. Glycobiology 2016; 27:64-79. [PMID: 27587357 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-Glc entrance into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells is a key step in the quality control of glycoprotein folding, a mechanism requiring transfer of a Glc residue from the nucleotide sugar (NS) to glycoprotein folding intermediates by the UDP-Glc:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT). According to a bioinformatics search there are only eight genes in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe genome belonging to the three Pfam families to which all known nucleotide-sugar transporters (NSTs) of the secretory pathway belong. The protein products of two of them (hut1+ and yea4+) localize to the ER, those of genes gms1+, vrg4+, pet1+, pet2+ and pet3+ to the Golgi, whereas that of gms2+ has an unknown location. Here we demonstrate that (1) Δhut1 and Δgpt1 (UGGT null) mutants share several phenotypic features; (2) Δhut1 mutants show a 50% reduction in UDP-Glc transport into ER-derived membranes; (3) in vivo UDP-Glc ER entrance occurred in Δhut1Δyea4Δgms2 mutants and in cells in which Δhut1 disruption was combined with that of each of four of the genes encoding Golgi-located proteins. Therefore, disruption of all genes whose products localize to the ER or have an unknown location did not obliterate UDP-Glc ER entrance. We conclude that the hut1+ gene product is involved in UDP-Glc entrance into the ER, but that at least another as yet unknown NST displaying an unconventional sequence operates in the yeast secretory pathway. This conclusion agrees with our previous results showing that UDP-Glc entrance into the yeast ER does not follow the classical NST antiport mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Bredeston
- Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIFIB (CONICET), School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentine
| | - Cristina Marino-Buslje
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA, CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentine
| | - Vanesa S Mattera
- Fundación Instituto Leloir. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentine
| | - Lucila I Buzzi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentine
| | - Armando J Parodi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA, CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentine
| | - Cecilia D'Alessio
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA, CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentine .,School of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Av Intendente Guiraldes 2160, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentine
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23
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Temple H, Saez-Aguayo S, Reyes FC, Orellana A. The inside and outside: topological issues in plant cell wall biosynthesis and the roles of nucleotide sugar transporters. Glycobiology 2016; 26:913-925. [PMID: 27507902 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell wall is a complex extracellular matrix composed primarily of polysaccharides. Noncellulosic polysaccharides, glycoproteins and proteoglycans are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus by glycosyltransferases (GTs), which use nucleotide sugars as donors to glycosylate nascent glycan and glycoprotein acceptors that are subsequently exported to the extracellular space. Many nucleotide sugars are synthesized in the cytosol, leading to a topological issue because the active sites of most GTs are located in the Golgi lumen. Nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs) overcome this problem by translocating nucleoside diphosphate sugars from the cytosol into the lumen of the organelle. The structures of the cell wall components synthesized in the Golgi are diverse and complex; therefore, transporter activities are necessary so that the nucleotide sugars can provide substrates for the GTs. In this review, we describe the topology of reactions involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis in the Golgi and focus on the roles of NSTs as well as their impacts on cell wall structure when they are altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Temple
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile
| | - Susana Saez-Aguayo
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile
| | - Francisca C Reyes
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile
| | - Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile
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24
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Paul P, Röth S, Schleiff E. Importance of organellar proteins, protein translocation and vesicle transport routes for pollen development and function. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2016; 29:53-65. [PMID: 26874709 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-016-0274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein translocation. Cellular homeostasis strongly depends on proper distribution of proteins within cells and insertion of membrane proteins into the destined membranes. The latter is mediated by organellar protein translocation and the complex vesicle transport system. Considering the importance of protein transport machineries in general it is foreseen that these processes are essential for pollen function and development. However, the information available in this context is very scarce because of the current focus on deciphering the fundamental principles of protein transport at the molecular level. Here we review the significance of protein transport machineries for pollen development on the basis of pollen-specific organellar proteins as well as of genetic studies utilizing mutants of known organellar proteins. In many cases these mutants exhibit morphological alterations highlighting the requirement of efficient protein transport and translocation in pollen. Furthermore, expression patterns of genes coding for translocon subunits and vesicle transport factors in Arabidopsis thaliana are summarized. We conclude that with the exception of the translocation systems in plastids-the composition and significance of the individual transport systems are equally important in pollen as in other cell types. Apparently for plastids only a minimal translocon, composed of only few subunits, exists in the envelope membranes during maturation of pollen. However, only one of the various transport systems known from thylakoids seems to be required for the function of the "simple thylakoid system" existing in pollen plastids. In turn, the vesicle transport system is as complex as seen for other cell types as it is essential, e.g., for pollen tube formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Paul
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Sascha Röth
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Enrico Schleiff
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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25
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Fragkostefanakis S, Mesihovic A, Hu Y, Schleiff E. Unfolded protein response in pollen development and heat stress tolerance. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2016; 29:81-91. [PMID: 27022919 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-016-0276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Importance of the UPR for pollen. Pollen is particularly sensitive to environmental conditions that disturb protein homeostasis, such as higher temperatures. Their survival is dependent on subcellular stress response systems, one of which maintains protein homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Disturbance of ER proteostasis due to stress leads to the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that mitigates stress damage mainly by increasing ER-folding capacity and reducing folding demands. The UPR is controlled by ER membrane-associated transcription factors and an RNA splicing factor. They are important components of abiotic stress responses including general heat stress response and thermotolerance. In addition to responding to environmental stresses, the UPR is implicated in developmental processes required for successful male gametophyte development and fertilization. Consequently, defects in the UPR can lead to pollen abortion and male sterility. Several UPR components are involved in the elaboration of the ER network, which is required for pollen germination and polar tube growth. Transcriptome and proteome analyses have shown that components of the ER-folding machinery and the UPR are upregulated at specific stages of pollen development supporting elevated demands for secretion. Furthermore, genetic studies have revealed that knockout mutants of UPR genes are defective in producing viable or competitive pollen. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding the importance of the UPR for both pollen development and stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Fragkostefanakis
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Anida Mesihovic
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yangjie Hu
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Enrico Schleiff
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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26
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Orellana A, Moraga C, Araya M, Moreno A. Overview of Nucleotide Sugar Transporter Gene Family Functions Across Multiple Species. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3150-3165. [PMID: 27261257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycoproteins and glycolipids are crucial in a number of cellular processes, such as growth, development, and responses to external cues, among others. Polysaccharides, another class of sugar-containing molecules, also play important structural and signaling roles in the extracellular matrix. The additions of glycans to proteins and lipids, as well as polysaccharide synthesis, are processes that primarily occur in the Golgi apparatus, and the substrates used in this biosynthetic process are nucleotide sugars. These proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides are also modified by the addition of sulfate groups in the Golgi apparatus in a series of reactions where nucleotide sulfate is needed. The required nucleotide sugar substrates are mainly synthesized in the cytosol and transported into the Golgi apparatus by nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs), which can additionally transport nucleotide sulfate. Due to the critical role of NSTs in eukaryotic organisms, any malfunction of these could change glycan and polysaccharide structures, thus affecting function and altering organism physiology. For example, mutations or deletion on NST genes lead to pathological conditions in humans or alter cell walls in plants. In recent years, many NSTs have been identified and functionally characterized, but several remain unanalyzed. This study examined existing information on functionally characterized NSTs and conducted a phylogenetic analysis of 257 NSTs predicted from nine animal and plant model species, as well as from protists and fungi. From this analysis, relationships between substrate specificity and the primary NST structure can be inferred, thereby advancing understandings of nucleotide sugar gene family functions across multiple species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile; FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, RM,Chile.
| | - Carol Moraga
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile.
| | - Macarena Araya
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile.
| | - Adrian Moreno
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, RM 837-0146, Chile; FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, RM,Chile.
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27
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Utz D, Handford M. VvGONST-A and VvGONST-B are Golgi-localised GDP-sugar transporters in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 231:191-7. [PMID: 25576004 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant nucleotide-sugar transporters (NSTs) are responsible for the import of nucleotide-sugar substrates into the Golgi lumen, for subsequent use in glycosylation reactions. NSTs are specific for either GDP- or UDP-sugars, and almost all transporters studied to date have been isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana L. In order to determine the conservation of the import mechanism in other higher plant species, here we report the identification and characterisation of VvGONST-A and VvGONST-B from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless), which are the orthologues of the GDP-sugar transporters GONST3 and GONST4 in Arabidopsis. Both grapevine NSTs possess the molecular features characteristic of GDP-sugar transporters, including a GDP-binding domain (GXL/VNK) towards the C-terminal. VvGONST-A and VvGONST-B expression is highest at berry setting and decreases throughout berry development and ripening. Moreover, we show using green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged versions and brefeldin A treatments, that both are localised in the Golgi apparatus. Additionally, in vitro transport assays after expression of both NSTs in tobacco leaves indicate that VvGONST-A and VvGONST-B are capable of transporting GDP-mannose and GDP-glucose, respectively, but not a range of other UDP- and GDP-sugars. The possible functions of these NSTs in glucomannan synthesis and/or glycosylation of sphingolipids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Utz
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Michael Handford
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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28
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Li J, Huang Y, Tan H, Yang X, Tian L, Luan S, Chen L, Li D. An endoplasmic reticulum magnesium transporter is essential for pollen development in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 231:212-20. [PMID: 25576006 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium is one of the essential macro-elements for plant growth and development, participated in photosynthesis and various metabolic processes. The Mg-transport abilities of the AtMGT (Magnesium Transporter) genes were identified in bacteria or yeast mutant system. In our previous studies, both the AtMGT5 and AtMGT9 were found essential for pollen development in Arabidopsis. Here we report another AtMGT member, AtMGT4, which was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, was essential for pollen development as well. AtMGT4 expressed notably in pollen grains from bicellular pollen stage to mature pollen stage. A T-DNA insertional mutant of the gene, named mgt4-1, showed pollen abortive phenotype, thus we could not get any homozygous mutant from progenies of self-crossed +/mgt4-1 plants. Meanwhile, nearly half of pollens in AtMGT4-RNAi transgenic lines were sterile, consistent with the phenotype of +/mgt4-1 mutant. Transgenic plants expressing AtMGT4 in the mgt4-1 background could recover the pollen fertility to the wild type. Together, our findings demonstrated that the disruption of AtMGT4 in Arabidopsis could cause a defect of pollen development. The visible pollen abortion appeared at bicellular pollen stage in +/mgt4-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Hong Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Xiao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Lianfu Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Sheng Luan
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Liangbi Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Dongping Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
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29
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Niemann MCE, Werner T. Endoplasmic reticulum: Where nucleotide sugar transport meets cytokinin control mechanisms. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1072668. [PMID: 26418963 PMCID: PMC4883893 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1072668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional eukaryotic organelle where the vast majority of secretory proteins are folded and assembled to achieve their correct tertiary structures. The lumen of the ER and Golgi apparatus also provides an environment for numerous glycosylation reactions essential for modifications of proteins and lipids, and for cell wall biosynthesis. These glycosylation reactions require a constant supply of cytosolically synthesized substrate precursors, nucleotide sugars, which are transported by a group of dedicated nucleotide sugar transporters (NST). Recently, we have reported on the identification of a novel ER-localized NST protein, ROCK1, which mediates the transport of UDP-linked acetylated hexosamines across the ER membrane in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that the activity of ROCK1 is important for the regulation of cytokinin-degrading enzymes, cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases (CKX), in the ER and, thus, for cytokinin responses. In this addendum we will address the biochemical and cellular activity of the ROCK1 transporter and its phylogenetic relation to other NST proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael CE Niemann
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics; Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences (DCPS); Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomáš Werner
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics; Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences (DCPS); Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence to: Tomáš Werner;
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30
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Arabidopsis ROCK1 transports UDP-GlcNAc/UDP-GalNAc and regulates ER protein quality control and cytokinin activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 112:291-6. [PMID: 25535363 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419050112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of glycoconjugates depends on nucleotide sugars, which serve as donor substrates for glycosyltransferases in the lumen of Golgi vesicles and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Import of nucleotide sugars from the cytosol is an important prerequisite for these reactions and is mediated by nucleotide sugar transporters. Here, we report the identification of REPRESSOR OF CYTOKININ DEFICIENCY 1 (ROCK1, At5g65000) as an ER-localized facilitator of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutant alleles of ROCK1 suppress phenotypes inferred by a reduced concentration of the plant hormone cytokinin. This suppression is caused by the loss of activity of cytokinin-degrading enzymes, cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases (CKXs). Cytokinin plays an essential role in regulating shoot apical meristem (SAM) activity and shoot architecture. We show that rock1 enhances SAM activity and organ formation rate, demonstrating an important role of ROCK1 in regulating the cytokinin signal in the meristematic cells through modulating activity of CKX proteins. Intriguingly, genetic and molecular analysis indicated that N-glycosylation of CKX1 was not affected by the lack of ROCK1-mediated supply of UDP-GlcNAc. In contrast, we show that CKX1 stability is regulated in a proteasome-dependent manner and that ROCK1 regulates the CKX1 level. The increased unfolded protein response in rock1 plants and suppression of phenotypes caused by the defective brassinosteroid receptor bri1-9 strongly suggest that the ROCK1 activity is an important part of the ER quality control system, which determines the fate of aberrant proteins in the secretory pathway.
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31
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Hirose T, Hashida Y, Aoki N, Okamura M, Yonekura M, Ohto C, Terao T, Ohsugi R. Analysis of gene-disruption mutants of a sucrose phosphate synthase gene in rice, OsSPS1, shows the importance of sucrose synthesis in pollen germination. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 225:102-6. [PMID: 25017165 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The molecular function of an isoform of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in rice, OsSPS1, was investigated using gene-disruption mutant lines generated by retrotransposon insertion. The progeny of the heterozygote of disrupted OsSPS1 (SPS1(+/-)) segregated into SPS1(+/+), SPS1(+/-), and SPS1(-/-) at a ratio of 1:1:0. This distorted segregation ratio, together with the expression of OsSPS1 in the developing pollen revealed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and promoter-beta-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion assay, suggested that the disruption of OsSPS1 results in sterile pollen. This hypothesis was reinforced by reciprocal crosses of SPS1(+/-) plants with wild-type plants in which the disrupted OsSPS1 was not paternally transmitted to the progeny. While the pollen grains of SPS(+/-) plants normally accumulated starch during their development, pollen germination on the artificial media was reduced to half of that observed in the wild-type control. Overall, our data suggests that sucrose synthesis via OsSPS1 is essential in pollen germination in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Hirose
- NARO Agricultural Research Center, 1-2-1 Inada, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Hashida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naohiro Aoki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masaki Okamura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Madoka Yonekura
- Bio Research Laboratory, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8572, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohto
- Bio Research Laboratory, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8572, Japan
| | - Tomio Terao
- NARO Agricultural Research Center, 1-2-1 Inada, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
| | - Ryu Ohsugi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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32
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Bolle C, Huep G, Kleinbölting N, Haberer G, Mayer K, Leister D, Weisshaar B. GABI-DUPLO: a collection of double mutants to overcome genetic redundancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 75:157-171. [PMID: 23573814 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Owing to duplication events in its progenitor, more than 90% of the genes in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome are members of multigene families. A set of 2108 gene families, each consisting of precisely two unlinked paralogous genes, was identified in the nuclear genome of A. thaliana on the basis of sequence similarity. A systematic method for the creation of double knock-out lines for such gene pairs, designated as DUPLO lines, was established and 200 lines are now publicly available. Their initial phenotypic characterisation led to the identification of seven lines with defects that emerge only in the adult stage. A further six lines display seedling lethality and 23 lines were lethal before germination. Another 14 lines are known to show phenotypes under non-standard conditions or at the molecular level. Knock-out of gene pairs with very similar coding sequences or expression profiles is more likely to produce a mutant phenotype than inactivation of gene pairs with dissimilar profiles or sequences. High coding sequence similarity and highly similar expression profiles are only weakly correlated, implying that promoter and coding regions of these gene pairs display different degrees of diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordelia Bolle
- Lehrstuhl für Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gunnar Huep
- Genome Research, Department of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33594, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nils Kleinbölting
- Genome Research, Department of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33594, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Georg Haberer
- MIPS, Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Mayer
- MIPS, Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Lehrstuhl für Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bernd Weisshaar
- Genome Research, Department of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33594, Bielefeld, Germany
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33
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Mortimer JC, Yu X, Albrecht S, Sicilia F, Huichalaf M, Ampuero D, Michaelson LV, Murphy AM, Matsunaga T, Kurz S, Stephens E, Baldwin TC, Ishii T, Napier JA, Weber AP, Handford MG, Dupree P. Abnormal glycosphingolipid mannosylation triggers salicylic acid-mediated responses in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2013; 25:1881-94. [PMID: 23695979 PMCID: PMC3694712 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.111500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana protein GOLGI-LOCALIZED NUCLEOTIDE SUGAR TRANSPORTER (GONST1) has been previously identified as a GDP-d-mannose transporter. It has been hypothesized that GONST1 provides precursors for the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides, such as glucomannan. Here, we show that in vitro GONST1 can transport all four plant GDP-sugars. However, gonst1 mutants have no reduction in glucomannan quantity and show no detectable alterations in other cell wall polysaccharides. By contrast, we show that a class of glycosylated sphingolipids (glycosylinositol phosphoceramides [GIPCs]) contains Man and that this mannosylation is affected in gonst1. GONST1 therefore is a Golgi GDP-sugar transporter that specifically supplies GDP-Man to the Golgi lumen for GIPC synthesis. gonst1 plants have a dwarfed phenotype and a constitutive hypersensitive response with elevated salicylic acid levels. This suggests an unexpected role for GIPC sugar decorations in sphingolipid function and plant defense signaling. Additionally, we discuss these data in the context of substrate channeling within the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny C. Mortimer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Albrecht
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Sicilia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Mariela Huichalaf
- Department of Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Ampuero
- Department of Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
| | - Louise V. Michaelson
- Biological Chemistry Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Alex M. Murphy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom
| | - Toshiro Matsunaga
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
- National Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8666, Japan
| | - Samantha Kurz
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Elaine Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy C. Baldwin
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Johnathan A. Napier
- Biological Chemistry Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas P.M. Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael G. Handford
- Department of Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul Dupree
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to
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Sekine SU, Haraguchi S, Chao K, Kato T, Luo L, Miura M, Chihara T. Meigo governs dendrite targeting specificity by modulating ephrin level and N-glycosylation. Nat Neurosci 2013; 16:683-91. [PMID: 23624514 DOI: 10.1038/nn.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neural circuit assembly requires precise dendrite and axon targeting. We identified an evolutionarily conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, Meigo, from a mosaic genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster. Meigo was cell-autonomously required in olfactory receptor neurons and projection neurons to target their axons and dendrites to the lateral antennal lobe and to refine projection neuron dendrites into individual glomeruli. Loss of Meigo induced an unfolded protein response and reduced the amount of neuronal cell surface proteins, including Ephrin. Ephrin overexpression specifically suppressed the projection neuron dendrite refinement defect present in meigo mutant flies, and ephrin knockdown caused a similar projection neuron dendrite refinement defect. Meigo positively regulated the level of Ephrin N-glycosylation, which was required for its optimal function in vivo. Thus, Meigo, an ER-resident protein, governs neuronal targeting specificity by regulating ER folding capacity and protein N-glycosylation. Furthermore, Ephrin appears to be an important substrate that mediates Meigo's function in refinement of glomerular targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka U Sekine
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling of a grape CMP-sialic acid transporter-like gene induced by phytohormone and abiotic stress. Genes Genomics 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-013-0074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jensen JK, Johnson N, Wilkerson CG. Discovery of diversity in xylan biosynthetic genes by transcriptional profiling of a heteroxylan containing mucilaginous tissue. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:183. [PMID: 23761806 PMCID: PMC3675317 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The exact biochemical steps of xylan backbone synthesis remain elusive. In Arabidopsis, three non-redundant genes from two glycosyltransferase (GT) families, IRX9 and IRX14 from GT43 and IRX10 from GT47, are candidates for forming the xylan backbone. In other plants, evidence exists that different tissues express these three genes at widely different levels, which suggests that diversity in the makeup of the xylan synthase complex exists. Recently we have profiled the transcripts present in the developing mucilaginous tissue of psyllium (Plantago ovata Forsk). This tissue was found to have high expression levels of an IRX10 homolog, but very low levels of the two GT43 family members. This contrasts with recent wheat endosperm tissue profiling that found a relatively high abundance of the GT43 family members. We have performed an in-depth analysis of all GTs genes expressed in four developmental stages of the psyllium mucilagenous layer and in a single stage of the psyllium stem using RNA-Seq. This analysis revealed several IRX10 homologs, an expansion in GT61 (homologs of At3g18170/At3g18180), and several GTs from other GT families that are highly abundant and specifically expressed in the mucilaginous tissue. Our current hypothesis is that the four IRX10 genes present in the mucilagenous tissues have evolved to function without the GT43 genes. These four genes represent some of the most divergent IRX10 genes identified to date. Conversely, those present in the psyllium stem are very similar to those in other eudicots. This suggests these genes are under selective pressure, likely due to the synthesis of the various xylan structures present in mucilage that has a different biochemical role than that present in secondary walls. The numerous GT61 family members also show a wide sequence diversity and may be responsible for the larger number of side chain structures present in the psyllium mucilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob K. Jensen
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nathan Johnson
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Curtis G. Wilkerson
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- *Correspondence: Curtis G. Wilkerson, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Rd., Room 122, East Lansing, MI 48824-1312 USA e-mail:
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Handford M, Rodríguez-Furlán C, Marchant L, Segura M, Gómez D, Alvarez-Buylla E, Xiong GY, Pauly M, Orellana A. Arabidopsis thaliana AtUTr7 encodes a golgi-localized UDP-glucose/UDP-galactose transporter that affects lateral root emergence. MOLECULAR PLANT 2012; 5:1263-80. [PMID: 22933714 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sss074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs) are antiporters comprising a gene family that plays a fundamental role in the biosynthesis of complex cell wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins in plants. However, due to the limited number of related mutants that have observable phenotypes, the biological function(s) of most NSTs in cell wall biosynthesis and assembly have remained elusive. Here, we report the characterization of AtUTr7 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.), which is homologous to multi-specific UDP-sugar transporters from Drosophila melanogaster, humans, and Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that AtUTr7 possesses the common structural characteristics conserved among NSTs. Using a green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged version, we demonstrate that AtUTr7 is localized in the Golgi apparatus. We also show that AtUTr7 is widely expressed, especially in the roots and in specific floral organs. Additionally, the results of an in vitro nucleotide sugar transport assay carried out with a tobacco and a yeast expression system suggest that AtUTr7 is capable of transferring UDP-Gal and UDP-Glc, but not a range of other UDP- and GDP-sugars, into the Golgi lumen. Mutants lacking expression of AtUTr7 exhibited an early proliferation of lateral roots as well as distorted root hairs when cultivated at high sucrose concentrations. Furthermore, the distribution of homogalacturonan with a low degree of methyl esterification differed in lateral root tips of the mutant compared to wild-type plants, although additional analytical procedures revealed no further differences in the composition of the root cell walls. This evidence suggests that the transport of UDP-Gal and UDP-Glc into the Golgi under conditions of high root biomass production plays a role in lateral root and root hair development.
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ER-localized auxin transporter PIN8 regulates auxin homeostasis and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2012; 3:941. [PMID: 22760640 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxin is a key coordinative signal required for many aspects of plant development and its levels are controlled by auxin metabolism and intercellular auxin transport. Here we find that a member of PIN auxin transporter family, PIN8 is expressed in male gametophyte of Arabidopsis thaliana and has a crucial role in pollen development and functionality. Ectopic expression in sporophytic tissues establishes a role of PIN8 in regulating auxin homoeostasis and metabolism. PIN8 co-localizes with PIN5 to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it acts as an auxin transporter. Genetic analyses reveal an antagonistic action of PIN5 and PIN8 in the regulation of intracellular auxin homoeostasis and gametophyte as well as sporophyte development. Our results reveal a role of the auxin transport in male gametophyte development in which the distinct actions of ER-localized PIN transporters regulate cellular auxin homoeostasis and maintain the auxin levels optimal for pollen development and pollen tube growth.
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Progress in the biological synthesis of the plant cell wall: new ideas for improving biomass for bioenergy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2012; 23:330-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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40
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Liu HC, Charng YY. Acquired thermotolerance independent of heat shock factor A1 (HsfA1), the master regulator of the heat stress response. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2012; 7:547-50. [PMID: 22516818 PMCID: PMC3419016 DOI: 10.4161/psb.19803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The heat stress (HS) response in eukaryotes is mainly regulated by heat shock factors (HSFs). Genetic disruption of the master HSF gene leads to dramatically reduced HS response and thermotolerance in several model organisms. However, it is not clear whether organisms devoid of the master regulator can still acclimate to heat. Previously, we showed that Arabidopsis HsfA1a, HsfA1b, and HsfA1d act as master regulators in the HS response. In this study, we examined the heat acclimation capacity of the Arabidopsis quadruple and triple T-DNA knockout mutants of HsfA1a, HsfA1b, HsfA1d, and HsfA1e. Our data showed that in the absence of the master regulators, a minimal but significant level of acquired thermotolerance could be attained in the Arabidopsis mutants after acclimation. The optimum acclimation temperature for the HsfA1 quadruple mutant was lower than that for the wild type plants, suggesting that plant cells have two HS-sensing mechanisms that can be distinguished genetically. The acquired thermotolerance of the quadruple mutant was likely due to the induction of a small number of HsfA1-independent HS response genes regulated by other transcription factors. Here, we discuss the possible candidates and propose a working model of the transcription network of the HS response by including the HsfA1-dependent and -independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-chin Liu
- Institute of Plant Biology; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center; Academia Sinica; Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Yee-yung Charng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center; Academia Sinica; Taipei, Taiwan ROC
- Correspondence to: Yee-yung Charng;
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Roles of the Aspergillus nidulans UDP-galactofuranose transporter, UgtA in hyphal morphogenesis, cell wall architecture, conidiation, and drug sensitivity. Fungal Genet Biol 2011; 48:896-903. [PMID: 21693196 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Galactofuranose (Galf) is the 5-member-ring form of galactose found in the walls of fungi including Aspergillus, but not in mammals. UDP-galactofuranose mutase (UgmA, ANID_3112.1) generates UDP-Galf from UDP-galactopyranose (6-member ring form). UgmA-GFP is cytoplasmic, so the UDP-Galf residues it produces must be transported into an endomembrane compartment prior to incorporation into cell wall components. ANID_3113.1 (which we call UgtA) was identified as being likely to encode the A. nidulans UDP-Galf transporter, based on its high amino acid sequence identity with A. fumigatus GlfB. The ugtAΔ phenotype resembled that of ugmAΔ, which had compact colonies, wide, highly branched hyphae, and reduced sporulation. Like ugmAΔ, the ugtAΔ hyphal walls were threefold thicker than wild type strains (but different in appearance in TEM), and accumulated exogenous material in liquid culture. AfglfB restored wild type growth in the ugtAΔ strain, showing that these genes have homologous function. Immunostaining with EBA2 showed that ugtAΔ hyphae and conidiophores lacked Galf, which was restored in the AfglfB-complemented strain. Unlike wild type and ugmAΔ strains, some ugtAΔ metulae produced triplets of phialides, rather than pairs. Compared to wild type strains, spore production for ugtAΔ was reduced to 1%, and spore germination was reduced to half. UgtA-GFP had a punctate distribution in hyphae, phialides, and young spores. Notably, the ugtAΔ strain was significantly more sensitive than wild type to Caspofungin, which inhibits beta-glucan synthesis, suggesting that drugs that could be developed to target UgtA function would be useful in combination antifungal therapy.
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Kleczkowski LA, Decker D, Wilczynska M. UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase: a new old mechanism for sugar activation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 156:3-10. [PMID: 21444645 PMCID: PMC3091059 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.174706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leszek A Kleczkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90187 Umea, Sweden.
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Golgi nucleotide sugar transporter modulates cell wall biosynthesis and plant growth in rice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:5110-5. [PMID: 21383162 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1016144108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi-localized nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs) are considered essential for the biosynthesis of wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins based on their characteristic transport of a large number of nucleotide sugars to the Golgi lumen. The lack of NST mutants in plants has prevented evaluation of this hypothesis in plants. A previously undescribed Golgi NST mutant, brittle culm14 (bc14), displays reduced mechanical strength caused by decreased cellulose content and altered wall structure, and exhibits abnormalities in plant development. Map-based cloning revealed that all of the observed mutant phenotypes result from a missense mutation in a putative NST gene, Oryza sativa Nucleotide Sugar Transporter1 (OsNST1). OsNST1 was identified as a Golgi-localized transporter by analysis of a fluorescence-tagged OsNST1 expressed in rice protoplast cells and demonstration of UDP-glucose transport activity via uptake assays in yeast. Compositional sugar analyses in total and fractionated wall residues of wild-type and bc14 culms showed a deficiency in the synthesis of glucoconjugated polysaccharides in bc14, indicating that OsNST1 supplies the glucosyl substrate for the formation of matrix polysaccharides, and thereby modulates cellulose biosynthesis. OsNST1 is ubiquitously expressed, with high expression in mechanical tissues. The inferior mechanical strength and abnormal development of bc14 plants suggest that OsNST1 has pleiotropic effects on cell wall biosynthesis and plant growth. Identification of OsNST1 has improved our understanding of how cell wall polysaccharide synthesis is regulated by Golgi NSTs in plants.
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Li J, Yu M, Geng LL, Zhao J. The fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein gene, FLA3, is involved in microspore development of Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 64:482-97. [PMID: 20807209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arabinogalactan proteins are widely distributed in plant tissues and cells, and may function in the growth and development of higher plants. To our knowledge, there is currently no direct evidence concerning the involvement of fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLA) in sexual reproduction in Arabidopsis. In this study, Arabidopsis FLA3 was found to be specifically expressed in pollen grains and tubes. Subcellular localization showed that FLA3 anchors tightly to the plasma membrane, and its glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor may affect its localization. FLA3-RNA interference transgenic plants had approximately 50% abnormal pollen grains (including shrunken and wrinkled phenotypes) which lacked viability. Cytological observations revealed that pollen abortion occurred during the transition from uninucleate microspores to bicellular pollens, with abnormal cellulose distribution seen by calcofluor white staining. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the basic structure of the exine layer in aberrant pollen was normal, but the intine layer appeared to have some abnormalities. Taken together, these results suggest that FLA3 is involved in microspore development and may affect pollen intine formation, possibly by participating in cellulose deposition. In FLA3-overexpressing transgenic plants, defective elongation of the stamen filament and reduced female fertility led to short siliques with low seed set, which suggested that ectopic expression of FLA3 in tissues may reduce or disrupt cell growth and then result in defects throughout the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Plant Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Colleoni C, Linka M, Deschamps P, Handford MG, Dupree P, Weber APM, Ball SG. Phylogenetic and biochemical evidence supports the recruitment of an ADP-glucose translocator for the export of photosynthate during plastid endosymbiosis. Mol Biol Evol 2010; 27:2691-701. [PMID: 20576760 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msq158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of photosynthesis by eukaryotic cells through enslavement of a cyanobacterium represents one of the most remarkable turning points in the history of life on Earth. In addition to endosymbiotic gene transfer, the acquisition of a protein import apparatus and the coordination of gene expression between host and endosymbiont genomes, the establishment of a metabolic connection was crucial for a functional endosymbiosis. It was previously hypothesized that the first metabolic connection between both partners of endosymbiosis was achieved through insertion of a host-derived metabolite transporter into the cyanobacterial plasma membrane. Reconstruction of starch metabolism in the common ancestor of photosynthetic eukaryotes suggested that adenosine diphosphoglucose (ADP-Glc), a bacterial-specific metabolite, was likely to be the photosynthate, which was exported from the early cyanobiont. However, extant plastid transporters that have evolved from host-derived endomembrane transporters do not transport ADP-Glc but simple phosphorylated sugars in exchange for orthophosphate. We now show that those eukaryotic nucleotide sugar transporters, which define the closest relatives to the common ancestor of extant plastid envelope carbon translocators, possess an innate ability for transporting ADP-Glc. Such an unexpected ability would have been required to establish plastid endosymbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Colleoni
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS-USTL, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Seino J, Ishii K, Nakano T, Ishida N, Tsujimoto M, Hashimoto Y, Takashima S. Characterization of rice nucleotide sugar transporters capable of transporting UDP-galactose and UDP-glucose. J Biochem 2010; 148:35-46. [PMID: 20305274 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) algorithm to search the Oryza sativa (Japanese rice) nucleotide sequence databases with the Arabidopsis thaliana UDP-galactose transporter sequences as queries, we found a number of sequences encoding putative O. sativa UDP-galactose transporters. From these, we cloned four putative UDP-galactose transporters, designated OsUGT1, 2, 3 and 4, which exhibited high sequence similarity with Arabidopsis thaliana UDP-galactose transporters. OsUGT1, 2, 3 and 4 consisted of 350, 337, 345 and 358 amino acids, respectively, and all of these proteins were predicted to have multiple transmembrane domains. To examine the UDP-galactose transporter activity of the OsUGTs, we introduced the OsUGTs' expression vectors into UDP-galactose transporter activity-deficient Lec8 cells. Our results showed that transfection with OsUGT1, 2 and 3 resulted in recovery of the deficit phenotype of Lec8 cells, but transfection with OsUGT4 did not. The results of an in vitro nucleotide sugar transport assay of OsUGTs, carried out with a yeast expression system, suggested that OsUGT4 is a UDP-glucose transporter rather than a UDP-galactose transporter. Although plants have multiple UDP-galactose transporter genes, phylogenic analysis indicates that plant UDP-galactose transporter genes are not necessarily evolutionary related to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Seino
- Glyco-chain Functions Laboratory, RIKEN-FRS, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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