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Ide T, Izawa K, Diono W, Kamei A, Ando T, Kaitani A, Maehara A, Yoshikawa A, Yamamoto R, Uchida S, Wang H, Kojima M, Maeda K, Nakano N, Nakamura M, Shimizu T, Ogawa H, Okumura K, Matsumoto F, Ikeda K, Goto M, Kitaura J. Intranasal administration of ceramide liposome suppresses allergic rhinitis by targeting CD300f in murine models. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8398. [PMID: 38600251 PMCID: PMC11006841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58923-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is caused by type I hypersensitivity reaction in the nasal tissues. The interaction between CD300f and its ligand ceramide suppresses immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated mast cell activation. However, whether CD300f inhibits the development of allergic rhinitis (AR) remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the roles of CD300f in the development of AR and the effectiveness of intranasal administration of ceramide liposomes on AR in murine models. We used ragweed pollen-induced AR models in mice. Notably, CD300f deficiency did not significantly influence the ragweed-specific IgE production, but increased the frequency of mast cell-dependent sneezing as well as the numbers of degranulated mast cells and eosinophils in the nasal tissues in our models. Similar results were also obtained for MCPT5-exprssing mast cell-specific loss of CD300f. Importantly, intranasal administration of ceramide liposomes reduced the frequency of sneezing as well as the numbers of degranulated mast cells and eosinophils in the nasal tissues in AR models. Thus, CD300f-ceramide interaction, predominantly in mast cells, alleviates the symptoms and progression of AR. Therefore, intranasal administration of ceramide liposomes may be a promising therapeutic approach against AR by targeting CD300f.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Ide
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kumi Izawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Wahyu Diono
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Anna Kamei
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ayako Kaitani
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akie Maehara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akihisa Yoshikawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Risa Yamamoto
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shino Uchida
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hexing Wang
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mayuki Kojima
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Keiko Maeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Immunological Diagnosis, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakano
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shimizu
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Ikeda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Motonobu Goto
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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Chastain DB, Spradlin M, Ahmad H, Henao-Martínez AF. Unintended Consequences: Risk of Opportunistic Infections Associated With Long-term Glucocorticoid Therapies in Adults. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:e37-e56. [PMID: 37669916 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widespread anti-inflammatory medications used in medical practice. The immunosuppressive effects of systemic glucocorticoids and increased susceptibility to infections are widely appreciated. However, the dose-dependent model frequently used may not accurately predict the risk of infection in all patients treated with long-term glucocorticoids. In this review, we examine the risks of opportunistic infections (OIs) in patients requiring glucocorticoid therapy by evaluating the influence of the glucocorticoid dose, duration, and potency, combined with biological and host clinical factors and concomitant immunosuppressive therapy. We propose strategies to prevent OIs, which involve screening, antimicrobial prophylaxis, and immunizations. While this review focuses on patients with autoimmune, inflammatory, or neoplastic diseases, the potential risks and preventative strategies are likely applicable to other populations. Clinicians should actively assess the benefit-harm ratios of systemic glucocorticoids and implement preventive efforts to decrease their associated infections complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Chastain
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Albany, Georgia, USA
| | - Megan Spradlin
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hiba Ahmad
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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3
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Lee ZY, Tran T. Genomic and non-genomic effects of glucocorticoids in respiratory diseases. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 98:1-30. [PMID: 37524484 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is an endogenous steroid hormone essential for the natural resolution of inflammation. Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) were developed and are currently amongst the most widely prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs in our modern clinical landscape owing to their potent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the extent of GC's effects has yet to be fully elucidated. Indeed, GCs modulate a broad spectrum of cellular activity, from their classical regulation of gene expression to acute non-genomic mechanisms of action. Furthermore, tissue specific effects, disease specific conditions, and dose-dependent responses complicate their use, with side-effects potentially plaguing their use. It is thus vital to outline and consolidate the effects of GCs, to demystify and maximize their therapeutic potential while avoiding pitfalls that would otherwise render them obsolete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yong Lee
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thai Tran
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Arora P, Nainwal LM, Gupta G, Singh SK, Chellappan DK, Oliver BG, Dua K. Orally administered solasodine, a steroidal glycoalkaloid, suppresses ovalbumin-induced exaggerated Th2-immune response in rat model of bronchial asthma. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110138. [PMID: 36084726 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a chronic lung disorder, that affects an estimated 262 million people worldwide, thereby, causing a large socio-economic burden. Drug molecules from natural sources have exhibited a good promise in providing an alternative therapy in many chronic ailments. Solasodine, a glycoalkaloid has received an immense interest due to its large pharmacological and industrial value, however, its usefulness in asthma control has not been investigated till date. In this work, solasodine was tested for its ability to reverse several characteristics of bronchial asthma induced by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminium hydroxide in experimental rats. Treating asthmatic animals with solasodine (1 mg/kg b.w. or 10 mg/kg b.w.) or dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg b.w.) reversed OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, infiltration of inflammatory cells and histamine levels in the airways. Furthermore, as compared to OVA-control rats, allergen-induced elevated levels of IgE, nitrites, nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, LTD-4, and Th2-cytokines, particularly, IL-4, IL-5 were remarkably reduced in both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood. These findings are supported by significant protection offered by various treatments against OVA-induced airway inflammation and mast cell degranulation in mesenteric tissues. Further, In-silico molecular docking studies performed to determine inhibitory potential of solasodine at IL-4 and IL-5, demonstrated strong affinity of phytocompound for these receptors than observed with antagonists previously reported. Results of current study imply that solasodine has therapeutic promise in allergic asthma, presumably due to its ability to prevent mast cell degranulation and consequent generation of histamine and Th2-associated cytokines in airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Arora
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; School of Medical & Allied Sciences, G. D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Hengeveld VS, Lammers N, van der Kamp MR, van der Palen J, Thio BJ. Can the response to a single dose of beclomethasone dipropionate predict the outcome of long-term treatment in childhood exercise-induced bronchoconstriction? Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13808. [PMID: 35754119 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a frequent and highly specific symptom of childhood asthma. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the mainstay of controller therapy for EIB and asthma; however, a proportion of asthmatic children and adolescents is less responsive to ICS. We hypothesized that a single dose response to ICS could function as a predictor for individual long-term efficacy of ICS. OBJECTIVE To assess the predictive value of the bronchoprotective effect of a single-dose beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) against EIB for the bronchoprotective effect of 4 weeks of treatment, using an exercise challenge test (ECT). METHODS Thirty-two steroid-naïve children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years with EIB were included in this prospective cohort study. They performed an ECT at baseline, after a single-dose BDP (200µg) and after 4 weeks of BDP treatment (100 µg twice daily) to assess EIB severity. RESULTS The response to a single-dose BDP on exercise-induced fall in FEV1 showed a significant correlation with the response on exercise-induced fall in FEV1 after 4 weeks of BDP treatment (r = .38, p = .004). A reduction in post-exercise fall in FEV1 of more than 8% after a single-dose BDP could predict BDP efficacy against EIB after 4 weeks of treatment with a positive predictive value of 100% (CI: 86.1-100%) and a negative predictive value of 29.4% (CI: 11.7%-53.7%). CONCLUSION We found that the individual response to a single-dose BDP against EIB has a predictive value for the efficacy of long-term treatment with BDP. This could support clinicians in providing personalized management of EIB in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera S Hengeveld
- Department of Paediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Lammers
- Department of Paediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mattienne R van der Kamp
- Department of Paediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Job van der Palen
- Clinical Epidemiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Research Methodology, Measurement and Data Analysis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard J Thio
- Department of Paediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Ghiciuc CM, Vicovan AG, Stafie CS, Antoniu SA, Postolache P. Marine-Derived Compounds for the Potential Treatment of Glucocorticoid Resistance in Severe Asthma. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110586. [PMID: 34822457 PMCID: PMC8620935 DOI: 10.3390/md19110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges to the management of severe asthma is the poor therapeutic response to treatment with glucocorticosteroids. Compounds derived from marine sources have received increasing interest in recent years due to their prominent biologically active properties for biomedical applications, as well as their sustainability and safety for drug development. Based on the pathobiological features associated with glucocorticoid resistance in severe asthma, many studies have already described many glucocorticoid resistance mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets. On the other hand, in the last decade, many studies described the potentially anti-inflammatory effects of marine-derived biologically active compounds. Analyzing the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action for these marine-derived biologically active compounds, we observed some of the targeted pathogenic molecular mechanisms similar to those described in glucocorticoid (GC) resistant asthma. This article gathers the marine-derived compounds targeting pathogenic molecular mechanism involved in GC resistant asthma and provides a basis for the development of effective marine-derived drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II—Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iași, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Andrei Gheorghe Vicovan
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II—Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iași, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Celina Silvia Stafie
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity—Family Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Sabina Antonela Antoniu
- Department of Medicine II—Palliative Care Nursing, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Paraschiva Postolache
- Department of Medicine I—Pulmonary Rehabilitation Clinic, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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7
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Vettorazzi S, Nalbantoglu D, Gebhardt JCM, Tuckermann J. A guide to changing paradigms of glucocorticoid receptor function-a model system for genome regulation and physiology. FEBS J 2021; 289:5718-5743. [PMID: 34213830 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a bona fide ligand-regulated transcription factor. Cloned in the 80s, the GR has become one of the best-studied and clinically most relevant members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Cooperative activity of GR with other transcription factors and a plethora of coregulators contribute to the tissue- and context-specific response toward the endogenous and pharmacological glucocorticoids (GCs). Furthermore, nontranscriptional activities in the cytoplasm are emerging as an additional function of GR. Over the past 40 years, the concepts of GR mechanisms of action had been constantly changing. Different methodologies in the pregenomic and genomic era of molecular biological research and recent cutting-edge technology in single-cell and single-molecule analysis are steadily evolving the views, how the GR in particular and transcriptional regulation in general act in physiological and pathological processes. In addition to the development of technologies for GR analysis, the use of model organisms provides insights how the GR in vivo executes GC action in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and energy metabolism. The model organisms, namely the mouse, but also rats, zebrafish, and recently fruit flies carrying mutations of the GR became a major driving force to analyze the molecular function of GR in disease models. This guide provides an overview of the exciting research and paradigm shifts in the GR field from past to present with a focus on GR transcription factor networks, GR DNA-binding and single-cell analysis, and model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Germany
| | - Denis Nalbantoglu
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Germany
| | | | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Germany
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Henderson I, Caiazzo E, McSharry C, Guzik TJ, Maffia P. Why do some asthma patients respond poorly to glucocorticoid therapy? Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105189. [PMID: 32911071 PMCID: PMC7672256 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticosteroids are the first-line therapy for controlling airway inflammation in asthma. They bind intracellular glucocorticoid receptors to trigger increased expression of anti-inflammatory genes and suppression of pro-inflammatory gene activation in asthmatic airways. In the majority of asthma patients, inhaled glucocorticoids are clinically efficacious, improving lung function and preventing exacerbations. However, 5–10 % of the asthmatic population respond poorly to high dose inhaled and then systemic glucocorticoids. These patients form a category of severe asthma associated with poor quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality, and constitutes a major societal and health care burden. Inadequate therapeutic responses to glucocorticoid treatment is also reported in other inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease; however, asthma represents the most studied steroid-refractory disease. Several cellular and molecular events underlying glucocorticoid resistance in asthma have been identified involving abnormalities of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathways. These events have been strongly related to immunological dysregulation, genetic, and environmental factors such as cigarette smoking or respiratory infections. A better understanding of the multiple mechanisms associated with glucocorticoid insensitivity in asthma phenotypes could improve quality of life for people with asthma but would also provide transferrable knowledge for other inflammatory diseases. In this review, we provide an update on the molecular mechanisms behind steroid-refractory asthma. Additionally, we discuss some therapeutic options for treating those asthmatic patients who respond poorly to glucocorticoid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishbel Henderson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta Caiazzo
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Charles McSharry
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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9
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Xie Q, Chen X, Meng ZM, Huang XL, Zhang Q, Zhou JQ, Zhang L, He FQ, Zou YP, Gan HT. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor regulates enteric mast cells and ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106638. [PMID: 32470881 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although interactions between enteric glial cells (EGCs) and enteric mast cells have been demonstrated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the exact mechanisms by which EGCs regulate enteric mast cells are still unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate whether glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which has been confirmed to be produced mostly by EGCs, might regulate enteric mast cells and ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis. METHODS Recombinant adenoviral vectors encoding GDNF (Ad-GDNF) were administered intracolonically in experimental colitis induced by DSS. The disease activity index and histological score were measured. The expression of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured by ELISA assay. The expression of trypsin and β-hexosaminidase were evaluated. GDNF specific receptor (GFR-α1/RET) was detected. The calcium reflux was tested by microplate reader. The expression p-JNK was analyzed by western blot assay. RESULTS GDNF resulted in a significant inhibition of the activation of enteric mast cells by down-regulating JNK signal pathway, lessening intracellular calcium influx, and then reducing the degranulation as well as the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines via combing with its receptor (GFR-α1/RET) in mast cells, and these inhibitory effects were abrogated by treatment with neutralizing antibody against GDNF. Moreover, the administration of GDNF led to an amelioration of experimental colitis. CONCLUSIONS GDNF are able to regulate enteric mast cells and ameliorate experimental colitis. GDNF might be an important mediator of the cross-talk between EGCs and enteric mast cells, and GDNF might be a useful therapeutic drug for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xie
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medical Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and the Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhang Min Meng
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao Li Huang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin Qiu Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Fu Qian He
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Pei Zou
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hua Tian Gan
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology and the Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Hardy RS, Raza K, Cooper MS. Therapeutic glucocorticoids: mechanisms of actions in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:133-144. [PMID: 32034322 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic glucocorticoids have been widely used in rheumatic diseases since they became available over 60 years ago. Despite the advent of more specific biologic therapies, a notable proportion of individuals with chronic rheumatic diseases continue to be treated with these drugs. Glucocorticoids are powerful, broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agents, but their use is complicated by an equally broad range of adverse effects. The specific cellular mechanisms by which glucocorticoids have their therapeutic action have been difficult to identify, and attempts to develop more selective drugs on the basis of the action of glucocorticoids have proven difficult. The actions of glucocorticoids seem to be highly cell-type and context dependent. Despite emerging data on the effect of tissue-specific manipulation of glucocorticoid receptors in mouse models of inflammation, the cell types and intracellular targets of glucocorticoids in rheumatic diseases have not been fully identified. Although showing some signs of decline, the use of systemic glucocorticoids in rheumatology is likely to continue to be widespread, and careful consideration is required by rheumatologists to balance the beneficial effects and deleterious effects of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan S Hardy
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Karim Raza
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark S Cooper
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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11
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Magrone T, Magrone M, Jirillo E. Mast Cells as a Double-Edged Sword in Immunity: Their Function in Health and Disease. First of Two Parts. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:654-669. [PMID: 31789135 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191202120301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) have recently been re-interpreted in the context of the immune scenario in the sense that their pro-allergic role is no longer exclusive. In fact, MCs even in steady state conditions maintain homeostatic functions, producing mediators and intensively cross-talking with other immune cells. Here, emphasis will be placed on the array of receptors expressed by MCs and the variety of cytokines they produce. Then, the bulk of data discussed will provide readers with a wealth of information on the dual ability of MCs not only to defend but also to offend the host. This double attitude of MCs relies on many variables, such as their subsets, tissues of residency and type of stimuli ranging from microbes to allergens and food antigens. Finally, the relationship between MCs with basophils and eosinophils will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Magrone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Manrico Magrone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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12
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Expert consensus on nebulization therapy in pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:487. [PMID: 31700923 PMCID: PMC6803223 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinese College of Emergency Physicians (CCEP)
- Correspondence to: Xiaodong Zhao. Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China. ; Xuezhong Yu. Department of Emergency, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China.
| | - Emergency Committee of PLA
- Correspondence to: Xiaodong Zhao. Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China. ; Xuezhong Yu. Department of Emergency, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China.
| | - Beijing Society for Emergency Medicine
- Correspondence to: Xiaodong Zhao. Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China. ; Xuezhong Yu. Department of Emergency, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China.
| | - Chinese Emergency Medicine
- Correspondence to: Xiaodong Zhao. Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China. ; Xuezhong Yu. Department of Emergency, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China.
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13
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Johnstone WM, Honeycutt JL, Deck CA, Borski RJ. Nongenomic glucocorticoid effects and their mechanisms of action in vertebrates. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 346:51-96. [PMID: 31122395 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) act on multiple organ systems to regulate a variety of physiological processes in vertebrates. Due to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory actions, glucocorticoids are an attractive target for pharmaceutical development. Accordingly, they are one of the most widely prescribed classes of therapeutics. Through the classical mechanism of steroid action, glucocorticoids are thought to mainly affect gene transcription, both in a stimulatory and suppressive fashion, regulating de novo protein synthesis that subsequently leads to the physiological response. However, over the past three decades multiple lines of evidence demonstrate that glucocorticoids may work through rapid, nonclassical mechanisms that do not require alterations in gene transcription or translation. This review assimilates evidence across the vertebrate taxa on the diversity of nongenomic actions of glucocorticoids and the membrane-associated cellular mechanisms that may underlie rapid glucocorticoid responses to include potential binding sites characterized to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Johnstone
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jamie L Honeycutt
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Courtney A Deck
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Russell J Borski
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
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The Cell Research Trends of Asthma: A Stem Frequency Analysis of the Literature. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2018; 2018:9363820. [PMID: 30210753 PMCID: PMC6126072 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9363820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study summarized asthma literature indexed in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and explored the history and present trends of asthma cell research by stem frequency ranking to forecast the prospect of future work. Methods Literature was obtained from MEDLINE for the past 30 years and divided into three groups by decade as the retrieval time. The frequency of stemmed words in each group was calculated using Python with Apache Spark and the Natural Language Tool Kit for ranking. The unique stems or shared stems of 3 decades were summarized. Results A total of 1331, 4393, and 7215 records were retrieved from 3 decades chronologically, and the stem ranking of the top 50 were listed by frequency. The number of stems shared with 3 decades was 26 and with the first and last 2 decades was 5 and 13. Conclusions The number of cell research studies of asthma has increased rapidly, and scholars have paid more attentions on experimental research, especially on mechanistic research. Eosinophils, mast cells, and T cells are the hot spots of immunocyte research, while epithelia and smooth muscle cells are the hot spots of structural cell research. The research trend is closely linked with the development of experimental technology, including animal models. Early studies featured basic research, but immunity research has dominated in recent decades. The distinct definition of asthma phenotypes associated with genetic characteristics, immunity research, and the introduction of new cells will be the hot spots in future work.
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15
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Defining the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1529-1543. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20171505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An established body of knowledge and clinical practice has argued in favor of the use of glucocorticoids in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the very well-known adverse effects associated with their treatment hampers continuation of therapy with glucocorticoids. Analyses of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of glucocorticoids have led to the discovery of several mediators that add complexity and diversity to the puzzling world of these hormones and anti-inflammatory drugs. Such mediators hold great promise as alternative pharmacologic tools to be used as anti-inflammatory drugs with the same properties as glucocorticoids, but avoiding their metabolic side effects. This review summarizes findings about the molecular targets and mediators of glucocorticoid function.
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Redegeld FA, Yu Y, Kumari S, Charles N, Blank U. Non-IgE mediated mast cell activation. Immunol Rev 2018; 282:87-113. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A. Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Charles
- INSERM U1149; Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation; Paris France
- CNRS ERL8252; Paris France
- Université Paris-Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Site Xavier Bichat; Paris France
| | - Ulrich Blank
- INSERM U1149; Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation; Paris France
- CNRS ERL8252; Paris France
- Université Paris-Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Site Xavier Bichat; Paris France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence; Paris France
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Hermans MAW, Arends NJT, Gerth van Wijk R, van Hagen PM, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Oude Elberink HNG, Pasmans SGMA, van Daele PLA. Management around invasive procedures in mastocytosis: An update. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017; 119:304-309. [PMID: 28866309 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mastocytosis is a chronic hematologic disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of aberrant mast cells and typically involves the skin and/or bone marrow. Patients with mastocytosis are at increased risk of anaphylaxis. Based on theoretical assumptions, medical procedures requiring general anesthesia or radiocontrast media are deemed hazardous for patients with mastocytosis. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the actual risk of iatrogenic anaphylaxis and provide recommendations for daily practice. DATA SOURCES Various scientific search engines were used (eg, PubMed and Medline). STUDY SELECTIONS Because of the paucity of high-level studies on this topic, all available evidence was considered, including case reports. RESULTS Reliable data on the incidence of iatrogenic anaphylaxis in mastocytosis are lacking. However, although the incidence as reported in (retrospective) cohort studies is higher than in the general population, it is still lower than commonly anticipated, with an incidence of 5.4% in 1 study. Adequate premedication and avoidance of certain physical stimuli can further decrease this risk by 10-fold. The role of drugs as elicitors of anaphylaxis is perhaps overestimated, and physical stimuli are at least as important in inducing release of mast cell mediators. CONCLUSION This article provides practical recommendations for the management of invasive procedures in patients with mastocytosis based on current knowledge of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud A W Hermans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Allergy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nicolette J T Arends
- Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital and Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Gerth van Wijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Allergy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Martin van Hagen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke C Kluin-Nelemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke N G Oude Elberink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Allergy, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne G M A Pasmans
- Department of Dermatology, Sophia Children's Hospital and Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul L A van Daele
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Allergy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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De Leo B, Esnal-Zufiaurre A, Collins F, Critchley HO, Saunders PT. Immunoprofiling of human uterine mast cells identifies three phenotypes and expression of ERβ and glucocorticoid receptor. F1000Res 2017; 6:667. [PMID: 28620462 PMCID: PMC5461902 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11432.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human mast cells (MCs) are long-lived tissue-resident immune cells characterised by granules containing the proteases chymase and/or tryptase. Their phenotype is modulated by their tissue microenvironment. The human uterus has an outer muscular layer (the myometrium) surrounding the endometrium, both of which play an important role in supporting a pregnancy. The endometrium is a sex steroid target tissue consisting of epithelial cells (luminal, glandular) surrounded by a multicellular stroma, with the latter containing an extensive vascular compartment as well as fluctuating populations of immune cells that play an important role in regulating tissue function. The role of MCs in the human uterus is poorly understood with little known about their regulation or the impact of steroids on their differentiation status. The current study had two aims: 1) To investigate the spatial and temporal location of uterine MCs and determine their phenotype; 2) To determine whether MCs express receptors for steroids implicated in uterine function, including oestrogen (ERα, ERβ), progesterone (PR) and glucocorticoids (GR). Methods: Tissue samples from women (n=46) were used for RNA extraction (n=26) or fixed (n=20) for immunohistochemistry. Results: Messenger RNAs encoded by TPSAB1 (tryptase) and CMA1 (chymase) were detected in endometrial tissue homogenates. Immunohistochemistry revealed the relative abundance of tryptase MCs was myometrium>basal endometrium>functional endometrium. We show for the first time that uterine MCs are predominantly of the classical MC subtypes: (positive, +; negative, -) tryptase+/chymase- and tryptase+/chymase+, but a third subtype was also identified (tryptase-/chymase+). Tryptase+ MCs were of an ERβ+/ERα-/PR-/GR+ phenotype mirroring other uterine immune cell populations, including natural killer cells. Conclusions: Endometrial tissue resident immune MCs have three protease-specific phenotypes. Expression of both ERβ and GR in MCs mirrors that of other immune cells in the endometrium and suggests that MC function may be altered by the local steroid microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca De Leo
- MRC Centres for Inflammation Research and Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - Frances Collins
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Hilary O.D. Critchley
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Philippa T.K. Saunders
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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19
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De Leo B, Esnal-Zufiaurre A, Collins F, Critchley HO, Saunders PT. Immunoprofiling of human uterine mast cells identifies three phenotypes and expression of ERβ and glucocorticoid receptor. F1000Res 2017; 6:667. [PMID: 28620462 PMCID: PMC5461902 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11432.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Human mast cells (MCs) are long-lived tissue-resident immune cells characterised by granules containing the proteases chymase and/or tryptase. Their phenotype is modulated by their tissue microenvironment. The human uterus has an outer muscular layer (the myometrium) surrounding the endometrium, both of which play an important role in supporting a pregnancy. The endometrium is a sex steroid target tissue consisting of epithelial cells (luminal, glandular) surrounded by a multicellular stroma, with the latter containing an extensive vascular compartment as well as fluctuating populations of immune cells that play an important role in regulating tissue function. The role of MCs in the human uterus is poorly understood with little known about their regulation or the impact of steroids on their differentiation status. The current study had two aims: 1) To investigate the spatial and temporal location of uterine MCs and determine their phenotype; 2) To determine whether MCs express receptors for steroids implicated in uterine function, including oestrogen (ERα, ERβ), progesterone (PR) and glucocorticoids (GR). Methods: Tissue samples from women (n=46) were used for RNA extraction or fixed for immunohistochemistry. Results: Messenger RNAs encoded by TPSAB1 (tryptase) and CMA1 (chymase) were detected in endometrial tissue homogenates. Immunohistochemistry revealed the relative abundance of tryptase MCs was myometrium>basal endometrium>functional endometrium. We show for the first time that uterine MCs are predominantly of the classical MC subtypes: (positive, +; negative, -) tryptase+/chymase- and tryptase+/chymase+, but a third subtype was also identified (tryptase-/chymase+). Tryptase+ MCs were of an ERβ+/ERα-/PR-/GR+ phenotype mirroring other uterine immune cell populations, including natural killer cells. Conclusions: Endometrial tissue resident immune MCs have three protease-specific phenotypes. Expression of both ERβ and GR in MCs mirrors that of other immune cells in the endometrium and suggests that MC function may be altered by the local steroid microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca De Leo
- MRC Centres for Inflammation Research and Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - Frances Collins
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Hilary O.D. Critchley
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Philippa T.K. Saunders
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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20
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Koziol-White CJ, Jia Y, Baltus GA, Cooper PR, Zaller DM, Crackower MA, Sirkowski EE, Smock S, Northrup AB, Himes BE, Alves SE, Panettieri RA. Inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase attenuates IgE-mediated airway contraction and mediator release in human precision cut lung slices. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:3080-3087. [PMID: 27417329 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asthma presents as a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by airway obstruction, inflammation and hyper-reactivity (AHR). Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) mediates allergen-induced mast cell degranulation, a central component of allergen-induced inflammation and AHR. However, the role of Syk in IgE-mediated constriction of human small airways remains unknown. In this study, we addressed whether selective inhibition of Syk attenuates IgE-mediated constriction and mast cell mediator release in human small airways. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Human precision cut lung slices (hPCLS) ex vivo derived from non-asthmatic donors were incubated overnight with human IgE, dexamethasone, montelukast, antihistamines or a selective Syk inhibitor (SYKi). High-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) activation by anti-IgE cross-linking was performed, and constriction and mediator release measured. Airway constriction was normalized to that induced by maximal carbachol stimulation. Syk expression (determined by qPCR and immunoblot) was also evaluated in human primary airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells to determine whether Syk directly modulates HASM function. KEY RESULTS While dexamethasone had little effect on FcεR-mediated contraction, montelukast or antihistamines partially attenuated the response. SYKi abolished anti-IgE-mediated contraction and suppressed the release of mast cell or basophil mediators from the IgE-treated hPCLS. In contrast, SYKi had little effect on the non-allergic contraction induced by carbachol. Syk mRNA and protein were undetectable in HASM cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS A selective Syk inhibitor, but not corticosteroids, abolished FcεR-mediated contraction in human small airways ex vivo. The mechanism involved FcεRI receptor activation on mast cells or basophils that degranulate causing airway constriction, rather than direct actions on HASM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia J Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, Canada
| | - Yanlin Jia
- Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Philip R Cooper
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, Canada.
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Mori T, Abe N, Saito K, Toyama H, Endo Y, Ejima Y, Yamauchi M, Goto M, Mushiake H, Kazama I. Hydrocortisone and dexamethasone dose-dependently stabilize mast cells derived from rat peritoneum. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1358-1365. [PMID: 27710865 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides their anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroid drugs exert anti-allergic effects. Exocytosis of mast cells is electrophysiologically detected as the increase in the whole-cell membrane capacitance (Cm). Therefore, the lack of such increase after exposure to the drugs suggests their mast cell-stabilizing effects. METHODS We examined the effects of 1, 10, 100 and 200μM hydrocortisone or dexamethasone on the degranulation from rat peritoneal mast cells. Employing the whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique, we also tested their effects on the Cm during exocytosis. RESULTS At relatively lower concentrations (1, 10μM), both hydrocortisone and dexamethasone did not significantly affect the degranulation from mast cells and the increase in the Cm induced by GTP-γ-S. Nevertheless, at higher doses (100, 200μM), these drugs inhibited the degranulation from mast cells and markedly suppressed the GTP-γ-S-induced increase in the Cm. CONCLUSIONS Our results provided electrophysiological evidence for the first time that corticosteroid drugs, such as hydrocortisone and dexamethasone, inhibited the exocytotic process of mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. The mast cell-stabilizing effects of these drugs may be attributable to their "non-genomic" action, by which they exert rapid anti-allergic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Mori
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nozomu Abe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazutomo Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Toyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Endo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ejima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamauchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mariko Goto
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hajime Mushiake
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itsuro Kazama
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Qin F, Sun Y, Hu W, Wei X, Li Z, Zhou J, Zhao Z, Jing Z. The relationship between preoperative serum cortisol level and the stability of plaque in carotid artery stenosis patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:1611-7. [PMID: 27499949 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.06.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stability of plaque has been implicated as risk factor for stroke. Serum cortisol regulates lipoprotein metabolism and immune response, contributing to plaque stability in atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between serum cortisol and stability of carotid plaque has not been well characterized. We conducted a serology analysis to identify the relationship between serum cortisol and carotid plaque stability. METHODS Between May 2013 to October 2015, 73 patients with carotid stenosis patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) were enrolled in our study. Serum cortisol was analyzed at 8:00 AM in the morning before surgery via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. According to the classification made by the American Heart Association, hematoxylin-and-eosin staining was performed to divide these patients into either a stable or unstable group, according to the morphology of fibrous cap, lipid core and intima layer. A curve fitting method was used to identify the relationship between preoperative serum cortisol and stability of carotid plaque. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify carotid plaque stability-associated serum cortisol. RESULTS Curve fitting's result represents a U-shape characteristic. A total of 314.92 and 395.23 nmol/L were considered as the cut point for preoperative serum cortisol when trisected the patients. When adjusted for degree of stenosis, hyperlipemia, smoking and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis' results demonstrated that preoperative serum cortisol can significantly affect carotid plaque stability. The odds ratio values in multivariate logistic regression analysis for C reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and preoperative serum cortisol level were 7.67 and 20.86 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative serum cortisol was associated with stability of carotid plaque in patients undergoing CEA. Low or high levels of preoperative serum cortisol might be an adverse factor for carotid plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yudong Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolong Wei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zaiping Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Rundell KW, Anderson SD, Sue-Chu M, Bougault V, Boulet LP. Air quality and temperature effects on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Compr Physiol 2016; 5:579-610. [PMID: 25880506 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c130013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is exaggerated constriction of the airways usually soon after cessation of exercise. This is most often a response to airway dehydration in the presence of airway inflammation in a person with a responsive bronchial smooth muscle. Severity is related to water content of inspired air and level of ventilation achieved and sustained. Repetitive hyperpnea of dry air during training is associated with airway inflammatory changes and remodeling. A response during exercise that is related to pollution or allergen is considered EIB. Ozone and particulate matter are the most widespread pollutants of concern for the exercising population; chronic exposure can lead to new-onset asthma and EIB. Freshly generated emissions particulate matter less than 100 nm is most harmful. Evidence for acute and long-term effects from exercise while inhaling high levels of ozone and/or particulate matter exists. Much evidence supports a relationship between development of airway disorders and exercise in the chlorinated pool. Swimmers typically do not respond in the pool; however, a large percentage responds to a dry air exercise challenge. Studies support oxidative stress mediated pathology for pollutants and a more severe acute response occurs in the asthmatic. Winter sport athletes and swimmers have a higher prevalence of EIB, asthma and airway remodeling than other athletes and the general population. Because of fossil fuel powered ice resurfacers in ice rinks, ice rink athletes have shown high rates of EIB and asthma. For the athlete training in the urban environment, training during low traffic hours and in low traffic areas is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth W Rundell
- Department of The Basic Sciences, The Commonwealth Medical College, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Sandra D Anderson
- Clinical Professor Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Sue-Chu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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24
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Jiang CL, Liu L, Li Z, Buttgereit F. The novel strategy of glucocorticoid drug development via targeting nongenomic mechanisms. Steroids 2015; 102:27-31. [PMID: 26122209 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in clinical practice as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents. Unfortunately, they can also produce numerous and potentially serious side effects that limit their usage. This problem represents the driving force for the intensive search for novel GCs with a better benefit-risk ratio compared to conventional GCs. GCs are believed to take effects mainly through classical genomic mechanisms, which are also largely responsible for GCs' side effects. However, in addition to these genomic effects, GCs also demonstrate rapid genomic-independent activities. It has become increasingly evident that some of the anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-allergic and anti-shock effects of GCs could be mediated through nongenomic mechanisms. Thus, theoretically, trying to use nongenomic mechanisms of GCs more intensively may represent a novel strategy for development of GCs with low side effect profile. The new GCs' drugs will take clinical effects mainly via nongenomic mechanisms and do not execute the classical genomic mechanism to reduce side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433 Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, 201203 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Frank Buttgereit
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Abstract
Asthma remains a major health problem with significant morbidity, mortality and economic costs. In asthma, airway remodelling, which refers to all the microscopic structural changes seen in the airway tissue, has been recognised for many decades and remains one of the defining characteristics of the disease; however, it is still poorly understood. The detrimental pathophysiological consequences of some features of remodelling, like increased airway smooth muscle mass and subepithelial fibrosis, are well documented. However, whether targeting these by therapy would be beneficial is unknown. Although the prevailing thinking is that remodelling is an abnormal response to persistent airway inflammation, recent evidence, especially from studies of remodelling in asthmatic children, suggests that the two processes occur in parallel. The effects of asthma therapy on airway remodelling have not been studied extensively due to the challenges of obtaining airway tissue in the context of clinical trials. Corticosteroids remain the cornerstone of asthma therapy, and their effects on remodelling have been better studied than other drugs. Bronchial thermoplasty is the only asthma therapy to primarily target remodelling, although how it results in the apparent clinical benefits seen is not exactly clear. In this article we discuss the mechanisms of airway remodelling in asthma and review the effects of conventional and novel asthma therapies on the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Berair
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Institute for Lung Health, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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26
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Sun YH, Ge LT, Jiang JX, Shen HJ, Jia YL, Dong XW, Sun Y, Xie QM. Formoterol synergy with des-ciclesonide inhibits IL-4 expression in IgE/antigen-induced mast cells by inhibiting JNK activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 761:161-7. [PMID: 26003274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy in combination with long-acting β-adrenergic agonists (LABA) is the most important treatment for allergic asthma, although the mechanism still remains unclear. However, mast cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of asthma. In this study, we explored the sole or synergetic effects of des-ciclesonide (ICS) and formoterol (LABA) on the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 and on histamine release from mast cells (RBL-2H3 cells). We found that des-ciclesonide (0.1, 1 and 10nM) and formoterol (0.1, 1 and 10μM) alone attenuated DNP-BSA-induced IL-4 and IL-13 production, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner in DNP-IgE-sensitized mast cells. Des-ciclesonide (0.2nM) and formoterol (1μM) alone also reduced histamine production. However, the combination of des-ciclesonide (0.2nM) and formoterol (1μM) had a synergistic inhibition effect on IL-4 mRNA expression and protein production but not IL-13 and histamine release. The JNK inhibitor SP600125 (10μM) inhibited antigen-induced mRNA expression and protein production of IL-4. Des-ciclesonide and formoterol alone inhibited the activation of JNK in a concentration-dependent manner, and the combination of des-ciclesonide (0.2nM) and formoterol (1μM) exhibited greater inhibition effect compared with des-ciclesonide (0.2nM) or formoterol (1μM) alone. Taken together, these synergistic effects on mast cells might provide the rationale for the development of the most recent ICS/LABA combination approved for asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-hong Sun
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of CFDA, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling-tian Ge
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225001, China
| | - Jun-xia Jiang
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of CFDA, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui-juan Shen
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of CFDA, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong-liang Jia
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of CFDA, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-wei Dong
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of CFDA, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225001, China
| | - Qiang-min Xie
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of CFDA, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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27
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Keenan CR, Radojicic D, Li M, Radwan A, Stewart AG. Heterogeneity in mechanisms influencing glucocorticoid sensitivity: the need for a systems biology approach to treatment of glucocorticoid-resistant inflammation. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 150:81-93. [PMID: 25596317 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have impressive anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and show a diversity of actions across a variety of cell phenotypes. Implicit in efforts to optimize GCs as anti-inflammatory agents for any or all indications is the notion that the relevant mechanism(s) of action of GCs are fully elucidated. However, recent advances in understanding GC signalling mechanisms have revealed remarkable complexity and contextual dependence, calling into question whether the mechanisms of action are sufficiently well-described to embark on optimization. In the current review, we address evidence for differences in the mechanism of action in different cell types and contexts, and discuss contrasts in mechanisms of glucocorticoid insensitivity, with a focus on asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Given this complexity, we consider the potential breadth of impact and selectivity of strategies directed to reversing the glucocorticoid insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine R Keenan
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Danica Radojicic
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Meina Li
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Asmaa Radwan
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alastair G Stewart
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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28
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Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones with widespread effects. They control intermediate metabolism by stimulating gluconeogenesis in the liver, mobilize amino acids from extra hepatic tissues, inhibit glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue, and stimulate fat breakdown in adipose tissue. They also mediate stress response. They exert potent immune-suppressive and anti-inflammatory effects particularly when administered pharmacologically. Understanding these diverse effects of glucocorticoids requires a detailed knowledge of their mode of action. Research over the years has uncovered several details on the molecular action of this hormone, especially in immune cells. In this chapter, we have summarized the latest findings on the action of glucocorticoids in immune cells with a view of identifying important control points that may be relevant in glucocorticoid therapy.
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29
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Borriello F, Granata F, Varricchi G, Genovese A, Triggiani M, Marone G. Immunopharmacological modulation of mast cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 17:45-57. [PMID: 25063971 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells produce a wide spectrum of mediators and they have been implicated in several physiopathological conditions (e.g. allergic reactions and certain tumors). Pharmacologic agents that modulate the release of mediators from mast cells has helped to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms by which immunological and non-immunological stimuli activate these cells. Furthermore, the study of surface receptors and signaling pathways associated with mast cell activation revealed novel pharmacologic targets. Thus, the development of pharmacologic agents based on this new wave of knowledge holds promise for the treatment of several mast cell-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Borriello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Genovese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, School of Medicine, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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30
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Chen ZH, Wang PL, Shen HH. Asthma research in China: a five-year review. Respirology 2014; 18 Suppl 3:10-9. [PMID: 24188199 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide with increasing morbidity. China has the largest asthmatic population and is one of the countries with the highest asthma mortality. Fortunately, asthma research in China, both clinical and scientific, has developed markedly over the past few years. This has resulted in significant increases in our understanding of Chinese asthma prevalence, risk factors, control status, pathogenesis, and new prevention or treatment strategies. In this review, the major achievements of asthma research in China from 2008 to 2012 are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Oppong E, Hedde PN, Sekula-Neuner S, Yang L, Brinkmann F, Dörlich RM, Hirtz M, Fuchs H, Nienhaus GU, Cato ACB. Localization and dynamics of glucocorticoid receptor at the plasma membrane of activated mast cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1991-1998. [PMID: 24616258 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In addition to their actions in the cell nucleus, glucocorticoids exhibit rapid non-nuclear responses that are mechanistically not well understood. To explain these effects, the localization of a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expressed in mast cells as a GFP fusion was analyzed after activation of the cells on allergenic lipid arrays. These arrays were produced on glass slides by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) and total internal reflection (TIRF) microscopy was used to visualize the GR. A rapid glucocorticoid-independent and -dependent recruitment of the GR-GFP to the plasma cell membrane was observed following contact of the cells with the allergenic array. In addition, the mobility of the GR at the membrane was monitored by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and shown to follow binding kinetics demonstrating interactions of the receptor with membrane-bound factors. Furthermore the recruitment of the GR to the cell membrane was shown to result in a glucocorticoid-mediated increase in Erk phosphorylation. This is evidenced by findings that destruction of the membrane composition of the mast cells by cholesterol depletion impairs the membrane localization of the GR and subsequent glucocorticoid-mediated enhancement of Erk phosphorylation. These results demonstrate a membrane localization and function of the GR in mast cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Oppong
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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32
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Rafii B, Sridharan S, Taliercio S, Govil N, Paul B, Garabedian MJ, Amin MR, Branski RC. Glucocorticoids in laryngology: a review. Laryngoscope 2014; 124:1668-73. [PMID: 24474440 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To provide the otolaryngologist an evidence-based sound review of glucocorticoid use for laryngeal pathology. STUDY DESIGN Review of contemporary peer-reviewed literature as well as review articles. METHODS A review of the literature regarding glucocorticoids as a therapeutic intervention for the treatment of benign laryngeal pathology and laryngeal manifestations of systemic disease was performed. Review included both systemic administration as well as local injection. RESULTS Glucocorticoids, administered in the critical care setting for planned extubation, markedly reducing the risk of reintubation and remain a rudimentary pharmacologic adjunct in laryngeal manifestations of common autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Intralesional injection has reduced the rate of surgical intervention for benign inflammatory primary laryngeal pathology. CONCLUSIONS Glucocorticoids are effective in the treatment of a number of laryngeal pathologies, through both systemic and intralesional administration. However, a clear consensus for utilization of glucocorticoids in the treatment of specific laryngeal disorders has yet to be published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rafii
- NYU Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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33
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Jiang CL, Liu L, Tasker JG. Why do we need nongenomic glucocorticoid mechanisms? Front Neuroendocrinol 2014; 35:72-5. [PMID: 24103541 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones that have been known to be involved in various physiological processes and to play a pivotal role in preserving basal and stress-related homeostasis. GCs are also widely used clinically as anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-shock drugs. It is believed traditionally that GCs exert most of their effects genomically. In addition to the well-known classical genomic mechanisms, GCs also affect various functions via rapid, nongenomic mechanisms. The therapeutic benefits of nongenomic GC actions have been exploited in clinical medicine, especially with high-dose pulsed glucocorticoid administration. However, it is certainly not the case that the inherent nongenomic glucocorticoid mechanisms evolved only for their clinical utility. Here, we review the recent literature on nongenomic actions of GCs related to stress and the physiological significance of these actions, and we propose reasons why nongenomic mechanisms of GC actions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lei Jiang
- Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jeffrey G Tasker
- Neurobiology Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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Aldi S, Robador PA, Tomita K, Di Lorenzo A, Levi R. IgE receptor-mediated mast-cell renin release. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 184:376-81. [PMID: 24262755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Renin is a newly discovered constituent of mast cells. Given that mast cells play a major role in IgE-mediated allergic hypersensitivity, we investigated whether activation of the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI elicits release of mast-cell renin. Cross-linking of FcεRI on the surface of mature bone marrow-derived mast cells elicited release of enzymatically active renin protein. The angiotensin I-forming activity of the renin protein was completely blocked by the selective renin inhibitor BILA 2157, which excludes formation of angiotensin I by proteases other than renin. FcεRI-mediated mast-cell renin release was inhibited by dexamethasone and potentiated by the proinflammatory mediator PGE2. Furthermore, cross-linking of mast-cell FcεRI in ex vivo murine hearts passively sensitized with monoclonal anti-DNP IgE also resulted in mast-cell degranulation and overflow of renin. Our findings indicate that IgE-mediated allergic hypersensitivity provokes release of renin from both cultured and resident cardiac mast cells, a process likely to be exacerbated in a chronic inflammatory background. Given the widespread distribution of mast cells, and the presence of angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme in many tissues, renin release in immediate hypersensitivity reactions could result in local angiotensin II generation and multiorgan dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Aldi
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Pablo A Robador
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kengo Tomita
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Roberto Levi
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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35
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Oppong E, Flink N, Cato ACB. Molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid action in mast cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 380:119-26. [PMID: 23707629 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are compounds that have successfully been used over the years in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. They are known to exhibit their effects through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) that acts to downregulate the action of proinflammatory transcription factors such as AP-1 and NF-κB. The GR also exerts anti-inflammatory effects through activation of distinct genes. In addition to their anti-inflammatory actions, glucocorticoids are also potent antiallergic compounds that are widely used in conditions such as asthma and anaphylaxis. Nevertheless the mechanism of action of this hormone in these disorders is not known. In this article, we have reviewed reports on the effects of glucocorticoids in mast cells, one of the important immune cells in allergy. Building on the knowledge of the molecular action of glucocorticoids and the GR in the treatment of inflammation in other cell types, we have made suggestions as to the likely mechanisms of action of glucocorticoids in mast cells. We have further identified some important questions and research directions that need to be addressed in future studies to improve the treatment of allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Oppong
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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36
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Akpinar ME, Tekke NS, Yigit O, Ercan F, Durna Y, Kiran D. Histological effects of inhaled corticosteroids and ß2-agonists on laryngeal mucosa in an allergic rat model. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 149:457-65. [PMID: 23842520 DOI: 10.1177/0194599813495364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To constitute an animal model of laryngeal allergy and evaluate the laryngeal effects of inhaled corticosteroids and ß2-agonists on the laryngeal mucosa in an allergic rat model. STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized. SETTING The Experimental Medical Research Institute (DETAE) at Istanbul University. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Wistar Albino rats (n = 32) were sensitized with ovalbumin. Unsensitized rats (n = 8) served as controls. The rats were exposed to aerosolized ovalbumin (1%). On days 28 through 42, every 2 days preceeding ovalbumin exposure, rats were further exposed to aerosolized phosphate buffered saline (n = 8), fluticasone propionate (n = 8), salbutamol (n = 8), and combined salbutamol+fluticasone propionate (n = 8). Inflammatory cell infiltration was graded semi-quantitatively. The quantitative data included mast cell count and degranulation. Ultrathin sections were investigated under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS The simultaneous and pairwise comparison of groups (Kruskal-Wallis) revealed statistically significant difference among groups at supraglottic level (critical P < .05, <.01) and no difference at glottic level. In ovalbumin+phosphate buffered saline exposed rats, the light microscopy of supraglottic mucosa revealed regular epithelium with severe inflammatory cell infiltration and increased mast cell count. Electron microscopy revealed increased mast cell degranulation. Increased inflammatory cell infiltration was detected along with reduced mast cell count among fluticasone propionate treated rats. Mild inflammatory cell infiltration was encountered in combined salbutamol+fluticasone propionate treated rats. CONCLUSION This study supported the presence of localized allergic reaction in the supraglottic laryngeal mucosa through the observation of increased mast cell number and degranulation. It was also shown that inhaled corticosteroids increase inflammation whereas combined inhaled corticosteroids and ß2-agonists minimize allergic and inflammatory reactions in supraglottic laryngeal mucosa providing a safer therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Esen Akpinar
- Clinic of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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37
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Spicuzza L, Scuderi V, Morjaria JB, Prosperini G, Arcidiacono G, Caruso M, Folisi C, Di Maria GU, Polosa R. Airway responsiveness to adenosine after a single dose of fluticasone propionate discriminates asthma from COPD. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 27:70-5. [PMID: 23688422 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is known to reduce airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) in asthma even after a single dose of fluticasone propionate (FP). AIM To determine whether this rapid protective effect of a single dose of FP is also present in COPD. METHODS 23 mild asthmatic and 24 COPD subjects with documented AHR to both AMP and methacholine took part in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to measure AHR to inhaled AMP and methacholine 2 h after either 1000 μg FP or matched placebo. RESULTS In subjects with asthma, 1000 μg FP in a single dose significantly attenuated the constrictor response to AMP, geometric mean (range) PC20AMP values increasing from a 19.2 (1.3-116.3) to 81.5 (9.6-1600.0) (p < 0.001; post-placebo vs post-FP) mg/ml. Change in the airways response to inhaled AMP after FP was well within test variability in patients with COPD, with PC20AMP values 59.6 (11.3-183.9) and 76.3 (21.0-445.3) (p = 0.022; post-placebo vs post-FP) mg/ml. Additionally, FP failed to significantly attenuate the bronchial response to methacholine in both asthma and COPD subjects. A change in doubling dilution, between placebo and following a single dose of FP, in AMP had a better sensitivity and specificity of 95.8% and 65.2%, compared to methacholine of 79.2% and 43.5% respectively in delineating between COPD and asthma. CONCLUSION A single dose of 1000 μg FP rapidly improves AHR to AMP in asthmatics but not in COPD subjects. This may provide a convenient way by which provocation challenge with inhaled AMP may help in discriminating asthma from COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Spicuzza
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Malattie Apparato Respiratorio, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenza Scuderi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Malattie Apparato Respiratorio, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jaymin B Morjaria
- Dept of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Studies, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, UK
| | - Gaetano Prosperini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Medicina Interna, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Arcidiacono
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Medicina Interna, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Medicina Interna, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Folisi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Malattie Apparato Respiratorio, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe U Di Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Malattie Apparato Respiratorio, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sez. Medicina Interna, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Damsker JM, Dillingham BC, Rose MC, Balsley MA, Heier CR, Watson AM, Stemmy EJ, Jurjus RA, Huynh T, Tatem K, Uaesoontrachoon K, Berry DM, Benton AS, Freishtat RJ, Hoffman EP, McCall JM, Gordish-Dressman H, Constant SL, Reeves EKM, Nagaraju K. VBP15, a glucocorticoid analogue, is effective at reducing allergic lung inflammation in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63871. [PMID: 23667681 PMCID: PMC3646769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the lower respiratory tract associated with airway hyperreactivity and mucus obstruction in which a majority of cases are due to an allergic response to environmental allergens. Glucocorticoids such as prednisone have been standard treatment for many inflammatory diseases for the past 60 years. However, despite their effectiveness, long-term treatment is often limited by adverse side effects believed to be caused by glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription. This has led to the pursuit of compounds that retain the anti-inflammatory properties yet lack the adverse side effects associated with traditional glucocorticoids. We have developed a novel series of steroidal analogues (VBP compounds) that have been previously shown to maintain anti-inflammatory properties such as NFκB-inhibition without inducing glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription. This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the lead compound, VBP15, in a mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. We show that VBP15 is as effective as the traditional glucocorticoid, prednisolone, at reducing three major hallmarks of lung inflammation—NFκB activity, leukocyte degranulation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release from human bronchial epithelial cells obtained from patients with asthma. Moreover, we found that VBP15 is capable of reducing inflammation of the lung in vivo to an extent similar to that of prednisone. We found that prednisolone–but not VBP15 shortens the tibia in mice upon a 5 week treatment regimen suggesting effective dissociation of side effects from efficacy. These findings suggest that VBP15 may represent a potent and safer alternative to traditional glucocorticoids in the treatment of asthma and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse M Damsker
- ReveraGen BioPharma, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
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Dirckx M, Groeneweg G, van Daele PLA, Stronks DL, Huygen FJPM. Mast cells: a new target in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome? Pain Pract 2013; 13:599-603. [PMID: 23489748 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
There is convincing evidence that inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Besides inflammation, central sensitization is also an important phenomenon. Mast cells are known to be involved in the inflammatory process of CRPS and also play a role (at least partially) in the process of central sensitization. In the development of a more mechanism-based treatment, influencing the activity of mast cells might be important in the treatment of CRPS. We describe the rationale for using medication that counteracts the effects of mast cells in the treatment of CRPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Dirckx
- Center for Pain Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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40
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Zhang T, Shi WL, Tasker JG, Zhou JR, Peng YL, Miao CY, Yang YJ, Jiang CL. Dexamethasone induces rapid promotion of norepinephrine‑mediated vascular smooth muscle cell contraction. Mol Med Rep 2012; 7:549-54. [PMID: 23174823 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the rapid effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on norepinephrine (NE)‑mediated contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and to establish the underlying mechanism(s). Rat VSMCs were preincubated with lipopolysaccharide to simulate acute septic shock. Myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation of VSMCs was detected by western blot analysis to observe the effects of Dex on NE‑mediated contraction. Activation of the RhoA/ RhoA kinase (ROCK), extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 signaling pathways was detected by western blot analysis to explore the mechanism. It was identified that Dex rapidly promoted NE‑induced phosphorylation of MLC20 in VSMCs and this effect may be non‑genomic. The RhoA/ROCK, ERK and p38 pathways were demonstrated to be important for the rapid effect of Dex‑induced promotion of NE‑mediated contraction in VSMCs. The present results indicate that Dex may rapidly reverse the hyporeactivity of vasoconstriction to NE in vitro and this effect may be mediated by specific non‑genomic mechanisms through increased activation of the RhoA/ROCK, ERK and p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Nautical Medicine and Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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41
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Bernstein DI, Teper A, Gopalan G, Gates D. Effects of intranasal mometasone furoate on itchy ear and palate in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 108:359-62. [PMID: 22541408 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intranasal steroids relieve nasal symptoms and ocular itch in allergic rhinitis. Itchy ear and palate are also common and bothersome symptoms but have received little attention in clinical trials of allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE To ascertain the efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray in alleviating itchy ear and palate in seasonal allergic rhinitis. METHODS Data were pooled from 4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of mometasone furoate nasal spray, 200 μg/d. Participants rated ear and palate itching from baseline through treatment day 15 as follows: 0, none; 1, mild; 2, moderate; and 3, severe. RESULTS A total of 962 study participants received mometasone furoate nasal spray or placebo. Baseline least squares mean itchy ear and palate score was 1.81 for participants receiving mometasone furoate nasal spray (n = 480) and 1.85 for participants receiving placebo (n = 482). Mometasone furoate nasal spray was associated with a greater decrease in itchy and ear palate score vs placebo during the 15-day study period (least squares mean change, -0.73 vs -0.45; P < .001). The difference reached significance on day 2 and persisted through day 15 (P ≤ .01 for each day). Results were similar in a subgroup of patients (n = 305) with moderate-to-severe symptoms at baseline. Adverse events with mometasone furoate nasal spray were similar to those observed in other studies of intranasal steroid therapy. CONCLUSION These preliminary findings suggest that mometasone furoate nasal spray effectively treats itchy ear and palate in individuals with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Itchy ear and palate is a relevant end point for future clinical trials of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3255 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0563, USA.
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Driessen JMM, Nieland H, van der Palen JAM, van Aalderen WMC, Thio BJ, de Jongh FHC. Effects of a single dose inhaled corticosteroid on the dynamics of airway obstruction after exercise. Pediatr Pulmonol 2011; 46:849-56. [PMID: 21560266 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.21447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is defined as a transient narrowing of the airways induced by exercise. Repetitive measurements of spirometric parameters, such as FEV(1) and expiratory flows, and forced oscillation technique (FOT) measurements can be used to analyze the dynamics of EIB. A single high dose of fluticasone propionate (FP) protects against EIB. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of FP on the dynamics of exercise-induced airway narrowing as measured with FOT and spirometry. METHODS Twelve children performed an exercise challenge on 2 separate days, 4 hr after inhalation of 1 mg FP (pressurized metered dose inhaler) or a placebo. Before and after the exercise flow-volume loops as well as the FOT (frequency range: 4-32 Hz) were measured. RESULTS The FEV(1) , and FEF(50) fell significantly after exercise within groups; the peak fall in FEV(1) after FP was significantly smaller than after placebo (respectively, 19.3 ± 14.6% and 29.2 ± 14.8%, P = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.9-18.8%). The fall in FEV(1) and FEF(50) peaked 3 min after exercise and showed a subsequent partial recovery. The fall in the FEV(1) /FVC ratio showed a later peak fall (12 min after exercise). The resistance increased while the reactance decreased significantly after exercise. FP significantly decreased the maximal increase in Rrs(6) when compared to the placebo (respectively 176.5 ± 59.1% and 201.0 ± 63.8%, P = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.5-48.7%). The maximal decrease in Xrs(6) was not significantly affected by FP (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION Repetitive spirometric and FOT measurements after exercise show a rapid narrowing and steady recovery of the patency of the conducting airways, and indicate a delayed and prolonged recovery of the smaller airways. A single high dose of inhaled FP seems to employ its effect mainly in the conducting airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M M Driessen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Alangari AA. Genomic and non-genomic actions of glucocorticoids in asthma. Ann Thorac Med 2011; 5:133-9. [PMID: 20835306 PMCID: PMC2930650 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.65040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are the mainstay of asthma therapy. They are primarily used to suppress airway inflammation, which is the central pathological change in asthmatic patients’ airways. This is achieved by many different mechanisms. The classical mechanism is by suppression of the genetic transcription of many inflammatory cytokines that are key in asthma pathophysiology (transrepression). On the other hand, the transcription of certain inhibitory cytokines is activated by glucocorticoids (transactivation), a mechanism that also mediates many of the adverse effects of glucocorticoids. The onset of action through these mechanisms is often delayed (4-24 hours). Other mechanisms mediated through non-genomic pathways are increasingly appreciated. These are delivered in part by binding of glucocorticoids to nonclassical membrane-bound glucocorticoid receptors or by potentiating the α1-adrenergic action on the bronchial arterial smooth muscles, in addition to other mechanisms. These effects are characterized by their rapid onset and short duration of action. Understanding these different mechanisms will help in the development of new and better drugs to treat this common disease and to develop new improved strategies in our approach to its management. Here, the genomic and non-genomic mechanisms of actions of glucocorticoids in asthma are briefly reviewed, with special emphasis on the current updates of the non-genomic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alangari
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ni Z, Tang J, Cai Z, Yang W, Zhang L, Chen Q, Zhang L, Wang X. A new pathway of glucocorticoid action for asthma treatment through the regulation of PTEN expression. Respir Res 2011; 12:47. [PMID: 21489309 PMCID: PMC3096598 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-12-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background "Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10" (PTEN) is mostly considered to be a cancer-related gene, and has been suggested to be a new pathway of pathogenesis of asthma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, on PTEN regulation. Methods OVA-challenged mice were used as an asthma model to investigate the effect of dexamethasone on PTEN regulation. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression levels of PTEN protein in lung tissues. The human A549 cell line was used to explore the possible mechanism of action of dexamethasone on human PTEN regulation in vitro. A luciferase reporter construct under the control of PTEN promoter was used to confirm transcriptional regulation in response to dexamethasone. Results PTEN protein was found to be expressed at low levels in lung tissues in asthmatic mice; but the expression was restored after treatment with dexamethasone. In A549 cells, human PTEN was up-regulated by dexamethasone treatment. The promoter-reporter construct confirmed that dexamethasone could regulate human PTEN transcription. Treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor, TSA, could increase PTEN expression in A549 cells, while inhibition of histone acetylase (HAT) by anacardic acid attenuated dexamethasone-induced PTEN expression. Conclusions Based on the data a new mechanism is proposed where glucocorticoids treat asthma partly through up-regulation of PTEN expression. The in vitro studies also suggest that the PTEN pathway may be involved in human asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhenHua Ni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, PR China
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Zhou J, Li M, Sheng CQ, Liu L, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhou JR, Jing ZP, Chen YZ, Jiang CL. A novel strategy for development of glucocorticoids through non-genomic mechanism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:1405-14. [PMID: 20853130 PMCID: PMC11114530 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are routinely believed to take effect through genomic mechanisms, which are also largely responsible for GCs' side effects. Beneficial non-genomic effects of GCs have been reported as being independent of the genomic pathway. Here, we synthesized a new type of GCs, which took effect mainly via non-genomic mechanisms. Hydrocortisone was conjugated with glycine, lysine and phenylalanine to get a bigger molecular structure, which could hardly go through the cell membrane. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory efficacy showed that hydrocortisone-conjugated glycine (HG) and lysine could inhibit neutrophil degranulation within 15 min. HG could inhibit IgE-mediated histamine release from mast cells via a non-genomic pathway, and rapidly alleviate allergic reaction. Luciferase reporter assay showed that HG would not activate the glucocorticoid response element within 30 min, which verified the rapid effects independent of the genomic pathway. The work proposes a novel insight into the development of novel GCs, and provides new tools for experimental study on non-genomic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Department of Nautical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Department of Nautical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Quan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Department of Nautical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Rui Zhou
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Department of Nautical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zai-Ping Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhang Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Department of Nautical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of China
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Shrestha S, Wershil B, Sarwark JF, Niewold TB, Philipp T, Pachman LM. Lesional and nonlesional skin from patients with untreated juvenile dermatomyositis displays increased numbers of mast cells and mature plasmacytoid dendritic cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:2813-22. [PMID: 20506305 DOI: 10.1002/art.27529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of mast cells and dendritic cell (DC) subsets in paired muscle and skin (lesional/nonlesional) from untreated children with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS Muscle and skin biopsy samples (4 skin biopsy samples with active rash) from 7 patients with probable/definite juvenile DM were compared with muscle and skin samples from 10 healthy pediatric controls. Mast cell distribution and number were assessed by toluidine blue staining and analyzed by Student's t-test. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to identify mature DCs, myeloid DCs (MDCs), and plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs) by using antibodies against DC-LAMP, blood dendritic cell antigen 1 (BDCA-1), and BDCA-2, respectively. Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) staining indicated active type I interferon (IFN) signaling; positive staining was scored semiquantitatively and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Both inflamed and nonlesional skin from patients with juvenile DM contained more mast cells than did skin from pediatric controls (P = 0.029), and comparable numbers of mast cells were present in lesional and nonlesional skin. Interestingly, mast cell numbers were greater in skin than in paired muscle tissue from patients with juvenile DM (P = 0.014) and were not increased in muscle from patients with juvenile DM compared with control muscle. Both muscle and skin from patients with juvenile DM showed more mature PDCs and MxA staining than did their corresponding control tissues (P < 0.05). In both muscle and skin from patients with juvenile DM and in pediatric control muscle, there were fewer MDCs than PDCs, and the distributions of MDCs and PDCs were similar in pediatric control skin samples. CONCLUSION The identification of mast cells in skin (irrespective of rash) from patients with juvenile DM, but not in paired muscle tissue, suggests that they have a specific role in juvenile DM skin pathophysiology. In skin from patients with juvenile DM, increased numbers of PDCs and increased expression of type I IFN-induced protein suggest a selective influence on T cell differentiation and subsequent effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheela Shrestha
- Children's Memorial Research Center, Chicago, Illinois 60614-3363, USA
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Ritz T, Ayala ES, Trueba AF, Vance CD, Auchus RJ. Acute stress-induced increases in exhaled nitric oxide in asthma and their association with endogenous cortisol. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 183:26-30. [PMID: 20709818 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201005-0691oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE psychosocial stress is known to influence the pathophysiology of asthma. Although stress has been linked to serum markers of inflammatory activity and exaggerated response to allergen challenge in asthma, few studies have examined inflammatory activity in the airways linked to psychosocial stress alone. Furthermore, although studies have demonstrated lower levels or reactivity of endogenous cortisol in asthma, the association with airway inflammatory activity in stress remains unexplored. OBJECTIVES we therefore studied airway inflammation and cortisol response to a standardized laboratory task inducing acute psychosocial stress. METHODS airway inflammation by the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and saliva cortisol were sampled before and up to 45 minutes after experimental challenge with the Trier Social Stress Test in 20 adult patients with asthma and 19 healthy control subjects. Respiratory inductive plethysmography was used to control for changes in ventilatory activity that impact FeNO levels. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS FeNO levels were generally higher in patients with asthma than healthy control subjects and salivary cortisol levels were lower. Increases in cortisol levels were observed after the stress protocol in both groups (P < 0.001). FeNO levels at the time of peak cortisol increase after stress were significantly higher than before stress in both groups (P < 0.05). FeNO increases were independent of changes in ventilation. In patients with asthma, higher cortisol levels and stronger increases in cortisol after stress were significantly associated with smaller increases in FeNO (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS acute psychosocial stress alone increases airway inflammatory markers and this increase is attenuated by stronger stress-related activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ritz
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750442, Dallas, TX 75275-0442, USA.
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Mastruzzo C, Contrafatto MR, Crimi C, Palermo F, Vancheri C, Crimi N. Acute additive effect of montelukast and beclomethasone on AMP induced bronchoconstriction. Respir Med 2010; 104:1417-24. [PMID: 20471234 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to 5-adenosine mono-phosphate (AMP) is a marker of airway inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids and antileukotrienes are used as anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of asthma. To find out if these two drugs exert their protection in an additive fashion, we compared the effects of acute treatment with inhaled beclomethasone (BDP) and montelukast (ML), alone or in combination, on methacholine and AMP induced bronchoconstriction. 15 asthmatic patients undertook methacholine and AMP challenges at baseline and after receiving ML or BDP, alone or in combination, in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy placebo-controlled, crossover design. BDP pretreatment significantly increased the AMP PC(20) value (68.34+/-15.9mg/mL) as compared to placebo (22.87+/-5.7mg/mL). Combined treatment, BDP plus ML, afforded a further significant increase of AMP PC(20) (154.57+/-55.0mg/mL) as compared to each single treatment. The significant protection exerted by combined treatment as compared to each single active treatment was also demonstrated by the change of AMP PC(20) doubling dose as compared to placebo and each single active treatment. Our findings suggest that these two agents exert their acute additive protection against AMP induced bronchoconstriction acting on distinct inflammatory pathways and their combined use might provide greater protection against inflammatory response elicited by AMP than either drug alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Mastruzzo
- Department of Internal and Specialistic Medicine, Section of Respiratory and Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Via Passo Gravina 187, Catania, Italy.
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Kippelen P, Larsson J, Anderson SD, Brannan JD, Delin I, Dahlen B, Dahlen SE. Acute effects of beclomethasone on hyperpnea-induced bronchoconstriction. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42:273-80. [PMID: 19927031 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181b541b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess whether a single high dose of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) could blunt mast cell activation and bronchoconstriction after eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH). METHODS In this model of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), seven athletes with EIB and eight untrained subjects with mild asthma performed two EVH tests 5.5 h apart on the same day; the first challenge after inhalation of a placebo aerosol and the second 4 h after inhalation of BDP (1500 microg). Prechallenge and postchallenge pulmonary function and urinary excretion of the mast cell mediator 9alpha, 11beta-prostaglandin (PG) F2 were followed, as well as urinary excretion of the bronchoconstrictor leukotriene (LT) E4. RESULTS The EVH-induced bronchoconstriction was inhibited by BDP in both groups (P < 0.001): in athletes, mean +/- SEM percent fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s was 22% +/- 4% after placebo versus 13% +/- 3% after BDP; in subjects with asthma, 23% +/- 4% after placebo versus 14 +/- 3% after BDP. This inhibition of airway response was associated with a significant reduction in the urinary excretion of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 (P = 0.039) and LTE4 (P = 0.003) in both groups. Significant correlations were found between the percent fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and the increase in urinary excretion of both mediators 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 (r = 0.544, P = 0.002) and LTE4 (r = 0.380, P = 0.038) after EVH. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a single dose of BDP has an acute protective effect on the bronchial response to hyperpnea in both untrained subjects with asthma and athletes with EIB. This effect was associated with decreased excretion of urinary mediators, suggesting that BDP blunted the mast cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Kippelen
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW Australia.
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50
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2010; 16:77-82. [PMID: 19996898 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0b013e328334fe23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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