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Doumat G, El Zein J, Mehta GD, Zhu Z, Qi YS, Espinola JA, Sullivan AF, Hasegawa K, Camargo CA. Prospective Study of Vitamin D Status and Risk of Developing Specific Immunoglobulin E During Mid-Childhood. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:627-630. [PMID: 38845508 PMCID: PMC11296909 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- George Doumat
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Joumane El Zein
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Geneva D. Mehta
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ying Shelly Qi
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Janice A. Espinola
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ashley F. Sullivan
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Emergency Medicine Network, Massachusetts General Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 920, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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2
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Mai Y, Yi Y, Wen Y, Huang P, Wang Y, Wang Z. Associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04083-9. [PMID: 38767811 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and mortality in patients with CKD remain unclear, and this study aimed to explore these associations further. METHODS 4989 participants with CKD were enrolled in the study, and the Cox regression model was used to assess the effects of serum 25(OH)D concentrations on mortality risk. A restricted cubic spline model was used to explore the dose-response relationships, and threshold effect analysis was performed based on inflection points identified by a two-piecewise linear regression model. In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were employed. RESULTS 1255 participants died during a mean follow-up period of 70 months. Compared with the 25(OH)D-deficient group, the fully adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the 25(OH)D-adequate group were 0.631 (0.545, 0.730) for all-cause mortality, 0.569 (0.435, 0.743) for cardiovascular mortality, 0.637 (0.461, 0.878) for hypertension mortality, and cancer mortality was 0.596 (0.426, 0.834). The inflection points of serum 25(OH)D concentration affecting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 89 nmol/L, and 107 nmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests suggested that the effects varied across populations. The results of sensitivity analyses indicated a reliable correlation. CONCLUSION We found an association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and the prognosis of patients with CKD as a reliable predictor of early intervention and intensive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpei Mai
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yushan Yi
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yaqing Wen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peixian Huang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhirui Wang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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3
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Ghahramanipour Z, Alipour S, Masoumi J, Rostamlou A, Hatami-Sadr A, Heris JA, Naseri B, Jafarlou M, Baradaran B. Regulation of Dendritic Cell Functions by Vitamins as Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Immune System Disorders. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300142. [PMID: 37423961 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A functional immune system is crucial for a healthy life, protecting from infections, tumors, or autoimmune disorders; these are accomplished by the interaction between various immune cells. Nourishment, particularly micronutrients, are very important components in the immune system balance, therefore this review emphasizes the vitamins (D, E, A, C) and Dendritic cells' subsets due to vitamins' roles in immune processes, especially on dendritic cells' functions, maturation, and cytokine production. Current studies reveal significant benefits related to vitamins, including vitamin E, which can contribute to the control of dendritic cells' function and maturation. Furthermore, vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory role in the immune system. Metabolite of vitamin A which is called retinoic acid leads to T cells' differentiation to T helper 1 or T helper 17, so low levels of this vitamin exacerbate the menace of infectious diseases, and vitamin C has anti-oxidant effects on dendritic cells and modulate their activation and differentiation program. Additionally, the correlation between the amount of vitamin and the occurrence or progression of allergic diseases and autoimmunity disorders is discussed according to the results of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghahramanipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Shiva Alipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Javad Masoumi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Arman Rostamlou
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of EGE, Izmir, 35040, Turkey
| | | | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Bahar Naseri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jafarlou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
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4
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Fu L, Wong BYL, Li Z, Horst RL, Williams R, Lee B, Miller J, Carpenter TO, Cole DEC. Genetic variants in the vitamin D pathway and their association with vitamin D metabolite levels: Detailed studies of an inner-city pediatric population suggest a modest but significant effect in early childhood. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 233:106369. [PMID: 37490983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In a large cohort of healthy infants and toddlers 6-36 months of age (n = 776), we have been exploring the potential role of genetic variation in predisposition to vitamin D insufficiency. The genes encoding the key cytochrome P450 hydroxylases (CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1) harbour recurrent mutations of uncertain effect. This study was undertaken to look for biochemically relevant associations of these variants with inter-individual differences in vitamin D metabolism in an at-risk pediatric population. METHODS Genotyping for CYP2R1-CT (c.-1127 C>T, rs10741657), CYP24A1-AG (c.-686A>G, rs111622401), and CYP27B1-CA (c.-1261 C>A, rs10877012) mutations were performed using SNaPshot assay, followed by Sanger sequencing confirmation. Vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) were measured by established methods. RESULTS In a multivariate regression model, with corrections for co-variates, subjects with the homozygous CYP2R1-TT variant had significantly higher concentrations of 25(OH)D, free 25(OH)D, and 24,25(OH)2D levels. In subjects with the CYP24A1-AG mutation, concentrations of 25(OH)D were significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS The CYP2R1-TT and CYP24A1-AG variants have measurable effects on the vitamin D pathway. It seems unlikely that they will be clinically relevant in isolation, but they may be members of the large pool of infrequent mutations contributing to different risks for the vitamin D deficiency phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Betty Y L Wong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Rashida Williams
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bonnie Lee
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Miller
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas O Carpenter
- Departments of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - David E C Cole
- Pediatrics (Genetics), Toronto, ON, Canada; Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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5
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Li C, Chang L, Guo MM, Wang L, Kuo H. Sex differences in vitamin D and behavioral profiles among children with allergic diseases. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5492-5500. [PMID: 37701228 PMCID: PMC10494661 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D has a protective effect on allergic diseases, while an individual's sex may have a moderating effect on the relationship between vitamin D and allergic-related immunity. This study aimed to determine the role of vitamin D in children with coexisting allergic diseases in the context of sex differences and to explore the behavioral profiles of these patients. We recruited a total of 103 children with atopic diseases and divided them into four groups: males with one allergic disease (MA1, n = 20), males with two or more allergic diseases (MA2, n = 26), females with one allergic disease (FA1, n = 30), and females with two or more allergic diseases (FA2, n = 27). We measured serum calcium levels using the colorimetric method and serum 25-OH vitamin D total levels using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. We found that MA2 had significantly lower vitamin D levels than MA1 and FA2. The levels of IgE were negatively correlated with vitamin D in females, whereas the levels of IgE were not significantly correlated with vitamin D in males. Furthermore, serum IgE was significantly correlated with children's adaptive skills, and different sexes were associated with different aspects of adaptive skills. Our findings suggest a protective role of vitamin D in the development of one allergic disease against the coexistence of allergic diseases in males, as well as extend the evidence for sex differences in immunity by demonstrating a sex-different correlation between IgE and vitamin D and the relationship between IgE and children's adaptive skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia‐Jung Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ling‐Sai Chang
- Department of PediatricsKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Mindy Ming‐Huey Guo
- Department of PediatricsKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Liang‐Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ho‐Chang Kuo
- Department of PediatricsKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
- Kawasaki Disease CenterKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
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6
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Voltan G, Cannito M, Ferrarese M, Ceccato F, Camozzi V. Vitamin D: An Overview of Gene Regulation, Ranging from Metabolism to Genomic Effects. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1691. [PMID: 37761831 PMCID: PMC10531002 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a pro-hormone characterized by an intricate metabolism and regulation. It is well known for its role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, and in bone health. However, several studies have assessed a huge number of extra-skeletal functions, ranging from cell proliferation in some oncogenic pathways to antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions. Vitamin D exerts its role by binding to VDRs (vitamin D receptors), which are located in many different tissues. Moreover, VDRs are able to bind hundreds of genomic loci, modulating the expression of various primary target genes. Interestingly, plenty of gene polymorphisms regarding VDRs are described, each one carrying a potential influence against gene expression, with relapses in several chronic diseases and metabolic complications. In this review, we provide an overview of the genetic aspects of vitamin D and VDR, emphasizing the gene regulation of vitamin D, and the genetic modulation of VDR target genes. In addition, we briefly summarize the rare genetic disease linked to vitamin D metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Voltan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (G.V.); (M.C.); (M.F.); (V.C.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Cannito
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (G.V.); (M.C.); (M.F.); (V.C.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Ferrarese
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (G.V.); (M.C.); (M.F.); (V.C.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Ceccato
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (G.V.); (M.C.); (M.F.); (V.C.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Camozzi
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (G.V.); (M.C.); (M.F.); (V.C.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padova, Italy
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7
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Abi El Cheikh T, Vargas IM, Alili E, Tiesenga F. The Improvement of Nonspecific Chronic Symptoms Post-Gallbladder Clip Removal. Cureus 2022; 14:e30625. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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8
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Mast Cells and Vitamin D Status: A Clinical and Biological Link in the Onset of Allergy and Bone Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081877. [PMID: 36009422 PMCID: PMC9405764 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is made up by an extremely composite group of cells, whose regulated and harmonious activity is fundamental to maintain health. The mast cells are an essential effector of inflammatory response which is characterized by a massive release of mediators accumulated in cytoplasmic secretory granules. However, beyond the effects on immune response, mast cells can modify bone metabolism and are capable of intervening in the genesis of pathologies such as osteoporosis and osteopenia. Vitamin D is recognized to induce changes in bone metabolism, but it is also able to influence immune response, suppressing mast cell activation and IgE synthesis from B cells and increasing the number of dendritic cells and IL-10-generating regulatory T cells. Vitamin D deficit has been reported to worsen sensitization and allergic manifestations in several different experimental models. However, in clinical situations, contradictory findings have been described concerning the correlation between allergy and vitamin D deficit. The aim of this review was to analyze the close relationships between mast cells and vitamin D, which contribute, through the activation of different molecular or cellular activation pathways, to the determination of bone pathologies and the onset of allergic diseases.
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9
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Rueter K, Siafarikas A, Palmer DJ, Prescott SL. Pre- and Postnatal Vitamin D Status and Allergy Outcomes in Early Childhood. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050933. [PMID: 35625670 PMCID: PMC9139153 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic increase in the prevalence of allergic disease in recent decades reflects environmental and behavioural changes that have altered patterns of early immune development. The very early onset of allergic diseases points to the specific vulnerability of the developing immune system to environmental changes and the development of primary intervention strategies is crucial to address this unparalleled burden. Vitamin D is known to have immunomodulatory functions. While allergic disease is multifactorial, associations with reduced sunlight exposure have led to the hypothesis that suboptimal vitamin D levels during critical early periods may be one possible explanation. Interventions to improve vitamin D status, especially in early life, may be the key to allergic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Rueter
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Department of Immunology, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- inVIVO Planetary Health, Group of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), 6010 Park Ave, West New York, NJ 07093, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Aris Siafarikas
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle 6160, Australia
| | - Debra J. Palmer
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
| | - Susan L. Prescott
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Department of Immunology, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- inVIVO Planetary Health, Group of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), 6010 Park Ave, West New York, NJ 07093, USA
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
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10
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Warner JO, Warner JA. The Foetal Origins of Allergy and Potential Nutritional Interventions to Prevent Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081590. [PMID: 35458152 PMCID: PMC9026316 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The first nine months from conception to birth involves greater changes than at any other time in life, affecting organogenesis, endocrine, metabolic and immune programming. It has led to the concept that the “first 1000 days” from conception to the second birthday are critical in establishing long term health or susceptibility to disease. Immune ontogeny is predominantly complete within that time and is influenced by the maternal genome, health, diet and environment pre-conception and during pregnancy and lactation. Components of the immunological protection of the pregnancy is the generation of Th-2 and T-regulatory cytokines with the consequence that neonatal adaptive responses are also biased towards Th-2 (allergy promoting) and T-regulatory (tolerance promoting) responses. Normally after birth Th-1 activity increases while Th-2 down-regulates and the evolving normal human microbiome likely plays a key role. This in turn will have been affected by maternal health, diet, exposure to antibiotics, mode of delivery, and breast or cow milk formula feeding. Complex gene/environment interactions affect outcomes. Many individual nutrients affect immune mechanisms and variations in levels have been associated with susceptibility to allergic disease. However, intervention trials employing single nutrient supplementation to prevent allergic disease have not achieved the expected outcomes suggested by observational studies. Investigation of overall dietary practices including fresh fruit and vegetables, fish, olive oil, lower meat intake and home cooked foods as seen in the Mediterranean and other healthy diets have been associated with reduced prevalence of allergic disease. This suggests that the “soup” of overall nutrition is more important than individual nutrients and requires further investigation both during pregnancy and after the infant has been weaned. Amongst all the potential factors affecting allergy outcomes, modification of maternal and infant nutrition and the microbiome are easier to employ than changing other aspects of the environment but require large controlled trials before recommending changes to current practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O. Warner
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Paediatric Allergy, Red Cross Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jill Amanda Warner
- Paediatric Allergy, Red Cross Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa;
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11
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Peters RL, Mavoa S, Koplin JJ. An Overview of Environmental Risk Factors for Food Allergy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020722. [PMID: 35055544 PMCID: PMC8776075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
IgE-mediated food allergy is an increasing public health concern in many regions around the world. Although genetics play a role in the development of food allergy, the reported increase has occurred largely within a single generation and therefore it is unlikely that this can be accounted for by changes in the human genome. Environmental factors must play a key role. While there is strong evidence to support the early introduction of allergenic solids to prevent food allergy, this is unlikely to be sufficient to prevent all food allergy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence on risk factors for food allergy with a focus the outdoor physical environment. We discuss emerging evidence of mechanisms that could explain a role for vitamin D, air pollution, environmental greenness, and pollen exposure in the development of food allergy. We also describe the recent extension of the dual allergen exposure hypothesis to potentially include the respiratory epithelial barrier in addition to the skin. Few existing studies have examined the relationship between these environmental factors with objective measures of IgE-mediated food allergy and further research in this area is needed. Future research also needs to consider the complex interplay between multiple environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Peters
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville 3052, Australia; (S.M.); (J.J.K.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Suzanne Mavoa
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville 3052, Australia; (S.M.); (J.J.K.)
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer J. Koplin
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville 3052, Australia; (S.M.); (J.J.K.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
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12
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Cañas JA, Núñez R, Cruz-Amaya A, Gómez F, Torres MJ, Palomares F, Mayorga C. Epigenetics in Food Allergy and Immunomodulation. Nutrients 2021; 13:4345. [PMID: 34959895 PMCID: PMC8708211 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) is an increasing problem worldwide and, over recent years, its prevalence is rising in developed countries. Nowadays, the immunological and cellular processes that occur in the allergic reactions are not fully understood, which hampers the development of in vitro diagnostic tools and further treatment options. Moreover, allergic diseases could be reinforced by environmental exposure and genetic modifications. Gene expression can be controlled by different epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. In addition, several environmental factors such as dietary components (vitamin D, butyrate, folic acid) are able to regulate this epigenetic mechanism. All these factors produce modifications in immune genes that could alter the development and function of immune cells, and therefore the etiology of the disease. Furthermore, these epigenetic mechanisms have also an influence on immunomodulation, which could explain sustained responsiveness or unresponsiveness during immunotherapy due to epigenetic modifications in key genes that induce tolerance in several FA. Thus, in this review we focus on the different epigenetic mechanisms that occur in FA and on the influence of several dietary components in these gene modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Cañas
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Rafael Núñez
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
| | - Anyith Cruz-Amaya
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Francisca Gómez
- Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain;
| | - María J. Torres
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
- Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain;
- Medicine Department, Universidad de Málaga-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Palomares
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
- Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain;
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13
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Haziroglu Okmen Z, Celiksoy MH, Topal E. The Effect of Serum Vitamin D Level on Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms in Children. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND PULMONOLOGY 2021; 34:132-140. [PMID: 34958245 PMCID: PMC8817683 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2021.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic disease that is becoming increasingly common worldwide and has a negative impact on school performance, work performance, and quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the symptoms of AR in children. Methods: Serum vitamin D levels of children with AR and age-matched healthy controls were compared using the high-pressure liquid chromatography method. The relationship between serum vitamin D levels and symptoms and severity of AR was then examined. Results: The study included 137 patients diagnosed with AR (76 males, 61 females; median age: 11 years). Serum vitamin D levels were lower in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.001), lower in all aeroallergen groups (mites, pollen, and multiple inhalants) than in the healthy control group (P = 0.001), and lower in both the perennial AR group and the seasonal AR group than in the control group (P = 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between symptom score and vitamin D level (rs = -0.099; P = 0.25). Conclusions: We found no correlation between serum vitamin D level and symptoms and severity of AR. Serum vitamin D levels were lower in children with AR than in healthy children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Haziroglu Okmen
- Department of Pediatrics and Gaziosmanpasa Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Halil Celiksoy
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Gaziosmanpasa Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdem Topal
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Inonu University, Medical Faculty, Malatya, Turkey
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14
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Di T, Chen L. A narrative review of vitamin D and food allergy in infants and children. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:2614-2620. [PMID: 34765485 PMCID: PMC8578786 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article summarizes the research progress on the association of vitamin D and food allergy in infants and children. BACKGROUND In recent years, food allergy seriously has affected the quality of life of children and adults. Vitamin D is known to be involved in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and recent research has demonstrated that vitamin D can also affect the immune regulation of food allergy. METHODS The present study summarizes the research progress on the association of vitamin D and food allergy in infants and children. We searched the PubMed database to identify studies on the association of vitamin D and food allergy published between January 2003 and August 2021. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D in the body through a number of steps into the final formation of biological effects. The implications of postnatal vitamin D levels for food allergy may be even greater. Vitamin D can prevent the intestinal immune system from being exposed to allergens by maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Many clinical studies believe that vitamin D supplementation can improve infants' and children's food allergy, however, some show negative results or opposite results. A lot of laboratory studies have confirmed that vitamin D is involved in the immune regulation of food allergy. Evidence indicates there may be a nonlinear relationship between vitamin D and food allergy. Further researches need to be launched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Di
- Neonatology Department, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Neonatology Department, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review recent evidence on the capacity of vitamin D to prevent atopic disease, focussing on food allergy and asthma, and potential underlying mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS The incidence of allergic disease continues to increase worldwide. Vitamin D status is influenced by sun exposure and dietary intake. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to an increased incidence of allergic disease and asthma. These associations are generally strongest in early life. The capacity of vitamin D to enhance antimicrobial pathways, promote peripheral immunological tolerance and maintain mucosal barrier integrity may underlie these associations. Interventional studies have addressed the capacity of vitamin D supplementation in utero and early life to reduce the incidence of disease. Ancillary studies have provided insights into potential biological mechanisms linked to these effects. SUMMARY Observational studies show an inverse association between vitamin D levels and development of food allergy and asthma. Secondary analyses of two recent interventional studies suggest that achieving vitamin D sufficiency throughout pregnancy reduces the incidence of asthma/recurrent wheeze at 3 years. Longitudinal studies of vitamin D requirements in utero and postnatally, better understanding of factors that influence bioavailability of vitamin D and mechanistic insights into vitamin D effects on neonatal-specific immune pathways are awaited.
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16
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Ruiz-Ballesteros AI, Meza-Meza MR, Vizmanos-Lamotte B, Parra-Rojas I, de la Cruz-Mosso U. Association of Vitamin D Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms with Autoimmunity: Evidence in Population Genetic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249626. [PMID: 33348854 PMCID: PMC7766382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A high prevalence of vitamin D (calcidiol) serum deficiency has been described in several autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (AR), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Vitamin D is a potent immunonutrient that through its main metabolite calcitriol, regulates the immunomodulation of macrophages, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, which express the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and they produce and respond to calcitriol. Genetic association studies have shown that up to 65% of vitamin D serum variance may be explained due to genetic background. The 90% of genetic variability takes place in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and SNPs in genes related to vitamin D metabolism have been linked to influence the calcidiol serum levels, such as in the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP; rs2282679 GC), 25-hydroxylase (rs10751657 CYP2R1), 1α-hydroxylase (rs10877012, CYP27B1) and the vitamin D receptor (FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) VDR). Therefore, the aim of this comprehensive literature review was to discuss the current findings of functional SNPs in GC, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and VDR associated to genetic risk, and the most common clinical features of MS, RA, and SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo I. Ruiz-Ballesteros
- Grupo de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44160, Mexico; (A.I.R.-B.); (M.R.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
| | - Mónica R. Meza-Meza
- Grupo de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44160, Mexico; (A.I.R.-B.); (M.R.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo Guerrero 39087, Mexico;
| | - Ulises de la Cruz-Mosso
- Grupo de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44160, Mexico; (A.I.R.-B.); (M.R.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco 44340, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-1-331-744-15-75
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17
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Sorkhabi R, Ahoor MH, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Jafari S. Serum vitamin D levels in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis and its relationship with disease severity. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:3259-3264. [DOI: 10.1177/1120672120978886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the serum vitamin D levels of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) Method A total of 39 VKC patients (21 males and 18 females) and 32 healthy individuals (19 males and 13 females) were enrolled in this study with the mean age of 18.38 ± 8.83 and 21.6 ± 9.43, respectively. The type and the grade of VKC were identified for each patient and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels of all subjects were evaluated. Results The patients affected by VKC had statistically significant lower 25(OH)D levels (27.64 ± 8.50 ng/mL) than healthy subjects group (35.96 ± 11.34 ng/mL) ( p = 0.001). A reverse correlation was found between the serum vitamin D levels and the severity of the VKC but it was not statistically significant ( r = −0.159, p = 0.33). Besides, there were a few cases with severe and very severe VKC (2 in grade 3 and 4 in grade 4). Patients with the mixed type of the disease had lower serum vitamin D levels in comparison to tarsal and limbal forms but the difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.38). Conclusion This study shows that the patients affected by VKC have lower vitamin D levels in comparison to healthy subjects and the screening of all patients with VKC for vitamin D levels seems rational.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Sorkhabi
- Nikookari Eye Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Ghorbanihaghjo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sasan Jafari
- Nikookari Eye Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Raab AM, Brinkhof MWG, Berlowitz DJ, Postma K, Gobets D, Hirschfeld S, Hopman MTE, Huber B, Hund-Georgiadis M, Jordan X, Schubert M, Wildburger R, Mueller G. Respiratory function and respiratory complications in spinal cord injury: protocol for a prospective, multicentre cohort study in high-income countries. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038204. [PMID: 33154049 PMCID: PMC7646333 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pneumonia is one of the leading complications and causes of death after a spinal cord injury (SCI). After a cervical or thoracic lesion, impairment of the respiratory muscles decreases respiratory function, which increases the risk of respiratory complications. Pneumonia substantially reduces patient's quality of life, may prolong inpatient rehabilitation time, increase healthcare costs or at worse, lead to early death. Respiratory function and coughing can be improved through various interventions after SCI, but the available evidence as to which aspect of respiratory care should be optimised is inconclusive. Furthermore, ability of respiratory function parameters to predict pneumonia risk is insufficiently established. This paper details the protocol for a large-scale, multicentre research project that aims to evaluate the ability of parameters of respiratory function to predict and understand variation in inpatient risk of pneumonia in SCI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS RESCOM, a prospective cohort study, began recruitment in October 2016 across 10 SCI rehabilitation centres from Australia, Austria, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Inpatients with acute SCI, with complete or incomplete cervical or thoracic lesions, 18 years or older and not/no more dependent on 24-hour mechanical ventilation within the first 3 months after injury are eligible for inclusion. The target sample size is 500 participants. The primary outcome is an occurrence of pneumonia; secondary outcomes include pneumonia-related mortality and quality of life. We will use the longitudinal data for prognostic models on inpatient pneumonia risk factors. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been reviewed and approved by all local ethics committees of all participating centres. Study results will be disseminated to the scientific community through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations, to the SCI community, other stakeholders and via social media, newsletters and engagement activities. TRIAL REGISTRATION DETAILS ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02891096.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja M Raab
- Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Martin W G Brinkhof
- Life Course Epidemiology Group, Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - David J Berlowitz
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karin Postma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijndam Rehabilitation and Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Gobets
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Heliomare Rehabilitation Center, Wijk aan Zee, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Hirschfeld
- Department of Spinal Cord Medicine, BG Trauma Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria T E Hopman
- Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Burkhart Huber
- Trauma Surgery, AUVA Rehabilitation Center Häring, Bad Häring, Austria
| | | | - Xavier Jordan
- Spinal Cord Unit, Clinique romande de réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schubert
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renate Wildburger
- Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, AUVA Rehabilitation Clinic Tobelbad, Tobelbad, Austria
| | - Gabi Mueller
- Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland
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Ma X, Xie Z, Qin J, Luo S, Zhou Z. Association of Vitamin D Pathway Gene CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 Polymorphisms with Autoimmune Endocrine Disorders: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5892993. [PMID: 32915988 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on organ-specific autoimmune endocrine disorders showed correlations between disease risks and vitamin D pathways gene variants, such as CYP27B1 rs10877012 and rs4646536, or CYP2R1 rs10741657 single nucleotide polymorphisms. However, previous works presented inconsistent conclusions. Our study aimed at assessing the association of CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 polymorphisms with autoimmune endocrine disorder susceptibility using the meta-analysis method. METHODS Case-control studies of the subject of interest were identified from the databases Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Studies that met inclusion and quality criteria were pooled. Observational outcomes were diagnosis of autoimmune Addison's disease, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, or type 1 diabetes mellitus. Statistical analysis was performed using software STATA 16.0. RESULTS A total of 14 studies involving 12 929 patients (2243 autoimmune Addison disease, 1253 Graves disease, 612 Hashimoto thyroiditis, 8821 type 1 diabetes), and 12 907 healthy control subjects were pooled for meta-analysis. The rs10877012 minor allele A and its homozygote and heterozygote conferred low overall disease risk (OR [odds ratio] = 0.748, 95% CI [confidence interval] 0.620-0.902 in dominant model; OR = 0.709, 95% CI 0.571-0.879 in recessive model; OR = 0.777, 95% CI 0.674-0.895 in the allele model). The population carrying rs4646536 minor allele C and its homozygote and heterozygote showed decreased overall autoimmune endocrine disorders risk (OR = 0.849, 95% CI 0.748-0.963; OR = 0.868, 95% CI 0.790-0.955; OR = 0.915, 95% CI 0.875-0.957 in the dominant, recessive, and allele model, respectively). No significant genetic association was found for rs10741657. CONCLUSION Our study suggested CYP27B1 polymorphisms rs10877012 minor allele A and rs4646536 minor allele C were negatively related to susceptibilities of organ-specific autoimmune endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Ma
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Jiabi Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuoming Luo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
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20
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Giannetti A, Bernardini L, Cangemi J, Gallucci M, Masetti R, Ricci G. Role of Vitamin D in Prevention of Food Allergy in Infants. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:447. [PMID: 33014916 PMCID: PMC7461773 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy is increasing over the last decades. The role of vitamin D in the prevention of food allergy has been largely investigated. Its role on the physiology of calcium and bone is known, but calcitriol (active form of the vitamin D) also influences the epithelial cells, T cells, B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Almost all cells of the adaptive immune system express the vitamin D receptor, making them also capable of being vitamin responsive. Specifically considering the potential role of vitamins in food allergy, vitamin D has been shown to affect several mechanisms that promote immunologic tolerance, including the T regulatory cell function and the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells. The target of our review is to evaluate the role of vitamin D in the prevention of food allergy in children. There are contradictory data on the relationship among the vitamin D deficiency and the developing of food allergy. Some studies associate lower exposure to sunlight to food allergy; on the other hand, further research has found that higher vitamin D levels could increase the likelihood of allergic sensitization and food allergy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for well-planned randomized controlled trials on vitamin D supplementation, with particular regard to the prevention of food allergy. The role of vitamin D beyond bone and calcium metabolism is not fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giampaolo Ricci
- Department of Paediatrics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Yu H, Zhang Z, Liu J, Hu P, Liu Z. Association study between genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism related genes and childhood autism spectrum disorder. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:971-978. [PMID: 32297168 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-controlled study was to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding vitamin D metabolism related enzymes and childhood ASD in a Chinese Han population. Both autistic children and age-and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited from September 2012-November 2017. The severity of ASD was evaluated by the childhood autism rating scale (CARS). Taqman probe based real-time PCR was applied to examine genotypes. The association between SNPs and the risk of ASD or the disease severity was examined through the logistic regression. This study recruited 249 children with ASD and 353 healthy controls. The G/A genotype (P = 0.0112) or the G allele (P = 0.0117) of CYP24A1 rs17219315, and the G/A genotype of CYP27B1 rs4646536 (P = 0.0341) were significantly associated with an increased risk of ASD. In addition, multivariate analysis found that A allele of both CYP2R1 rs12794714 (P = 0.0159) and CYP27B1 rs4646536 (P = 0.0268) were significantly associated with the severity of ASD. Genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism related enzymes are associated with the risk of childhood ASD and the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Xiaoshan First Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 311201, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiaoshan First Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 311201, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, 311202, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Pingfang Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, 311202, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, 311202, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Cho YS, Seo CH, Joo SY, Ohn SH. The association between vitamin D levels and burn factors in different burn types. BURNS & TRAUMA 2020; 8:tkaa018. [PMID: 32607374 PMCID: PMC7306415 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients with burns present with different clinical features depending on the types of burn injury and burn patients with lower levels of vitamin D have worse prognoses and more complications. The study aims to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and burn factors according to each burn type in relation to early intensive rehabilitation therapy initiated for inpatients with burns. Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled 757 of 1716 inpatients who underwent rehabilitative therapy between May 2013 and April 2017. Burn types were divided into flame burn, electrical burn and other burns, including scalding, contact and chemical burns. Age, burned body surface area (BSA), wound healing time (WHT), length of hospital stay (LOS) and body mass index were analysed between vitamin D deficient and non-deficient patient groups using Student’s t-tests, or Mann-Whitney U test and among three burn types using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA. The relationship between vitamin D levels and burn factors was evaluated using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient tests, and multiple linear regression analysis in different burn groups. Results In total, 88.9% patients were vitamin D deficient, and these patients had a larger burned BSA (p = 0.015) and longer WHT and LOS (all p < 0.001) than non-deficient patients. Burned BSA, WHT and vitamin D levels showed significant differences in their mean values according to three burn types (all p < 0.001). WHT was a communal factor significantly associated with vitamin D levels in all three burn types (p < 0.05). The WHT cut-off points to predict vitamin D deficiency were 55 days for flame burn (p < 0.001) and 62.5 days for electrical burn (p = 0.001). Conclusions WHT across all three burn types was a common factor associated with vitamin D levels for inpatients with burns who had undergone rehabilitative therapy. Electrical burn patients with vitamin D deficiency, even those with a low burned BSA percentage, showed prolonged wound healing over a two-month post-burn period. Independent of burned BSA, nutritional intervention concerning vitamin D in relation to burn wound healing should be considered to guide early initiation of intensive rehabilitation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Soo Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Burn Center, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, 94-200 Yeongdeungpo-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong Hoon Seo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Burn Center, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, 94-200 Yeongdeungpo-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Joo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Burn Center, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, 94-200 Yeongdeungpo-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hoon Ohn
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil Dongan-gu Anyang Gyeonggi-do 14068, Republic of Korea
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Klahold E, Penna-Martinez M, Bruns F, Seidl C, Wicker S, Badenhoop K. Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes: Genetic Susceptibility and the Response to Supplementation. Horm Metab Res 2020; 52:492-499. [PMID: 32542627 PMCID: PMC7746514 DOI: 10.1055/a-1157-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Variants of vitamin D metabolism-genes may predispose to type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study investigated the impact of these variants on disease susceptibility, Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, C-peptide and HbA1c levels before and after cholecalciferol supplementation in patients with T2D.Twelve polymorphisms within CYP2R1, CYP27B1, DBP, VDR and CYP24A1 were genotyped in 553 T2D patients and 916 controls. In addition 65 patients receiving either cholecalciferol or placebo were analyzed during 6 months intervention and 6 months follow-up.T2D risk alleles are VDR rs7975232 "G" (pc=0.031), rs1544410 "G" (pc=0.027) and CYP2R1 rs10741657 "A" (pc=0.016). Patients with genotypes CYP27B1 rs10877012 "CC" (pc=4x10-5), DBP rs7041 "GG" (pc=0.003), rs4588 "CC" (pc = 3x10-4), CYP24A1 rs2585426 "CG" (pc=0.006) and rs2248137 "CG" (pc=0.001) showed lower 25(OH)D3 and DBP rs4588 "CC" lower 1,25(OH)2D3 levels (pc=0.005). Whereas DBP rs4588 "CC" (pc=0.009), CYP27B1 rs10877012 "AC" (pc=0.059), VDR rs7975323 "AG" (pc=0.033) and rs1544410 "GG" (pc=0.013) are associated with higher 25(OH)D3 levels at 6 months' follow-up. Significant PTH suppression was detected for CYP2R1 "AG" (pc=0.002), DBP rs4588 "CC" (pc<0.001), VDR rs110735810 "CT" (pc<0.001) and CYP24A1 rs2248137 "GG" (pc=0.021).Genetic variants of the vitamin D system predispose to type 2 diabetes and regulate - partially - vitamin D metabolism, concentrations and the vitamin D status. Vitamin D insufficiency is a T2D risk factor. The response to cholecalciferol supplementation can be measured as 25(OH)D3 increment and PTH suppression. This process is regulated by genes of the vitamin D system conferring modest T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Klahold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes
and Metabolism, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
- Correspondence: Edith Klahold Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of
Endocrinology,Diabetes and Metabolism, Goethe-University HospitalTheodor-Stern-Kai 760590 Frankfurt/MainGermany+49 69 6301 83977+49 69 6301 83343
| | - Marissa Penna-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes
and Metabolism, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
| | - Franziska Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes
and Metabolism, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
| | - Christian Seidl
- German Red Cross Blood Donor Service, Institute for Transfusion
Medicine and Immunohaematology, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Wicker
- Occupational Health Service, Goethe-University Hospital,
Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes
and Metabolism, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
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The Role of Vitamin D in Respiratory Allergies Prevention. Why the Effect Is so Difficult to Disentangle? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061801. [PMID: 32560403 PMCID: PMC7353247 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and allergic rhinitis are the most common chronic childhood diseases with an increasing prevalence worldwide. There is an urgent need to look for methods of preventing allergic diseases from an early age. The relationship between vitamin D status and allergic diseases has been discussed in several studies recently. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is suggested to affect the development and/or severity of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Observational studies have seemed to confirm that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to an increase in allergy and asthma. Following interventional studies, however, have yielded ambiguous results. In this review, we describe recent findings regarding 25(OH)D impact on allergic diseases and provide a systematic analysis of the causes of great variability of the achieved results in different studies.
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Mailhot G, White JH. Vitamin D and Immunity in Infants and Children. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1233. [PMID: 32349265 PMCID: PMC7282029 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last couple of decades have seen an explosion in our interest and understanding of the role of vitamin D in the regulation of immunity. At the molecular level, the hormonal form of vitamin D signals through the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR), a ligand-regulated transcription factor. The VDR and vitamin D metabolic enzymes are expressed throughout the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. The advent of genome-wide approaches to gene expression profiling have led to the identification of numerous VDR-regulated genes implicated in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. The molecular data infer that vitamin D signaling should boost innate immunity against pathogens of bacterial or viral origin. Vitamin D signaling also suppresses inflammatory immune responses that underlie autoimmunity and regulate allergic responses. These findings have been bolstered by clinical studies linking vitamin D deficiency to increased rates of infections, autoimmunity, and allergies. Our goals here are to provide an overview of the molecular basis for immune system regulation and to survey the clinical data from pediatric populations, using randomized placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses where possible, linking vitamin D deficiency to increased rates of infections, autoimmune conditions, and allergies, and addressing the impact of supplementation on these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Mailhot
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - John H. White
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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CYP27B1 Gene Polymorphism rs10877012 in Patients Diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040998. [PMID: 32260235 PMCID: PMC7230796 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly occurring cancer worldwide. Intestinal cells are CYP27B1 gene expression sites and, as a consequence, they are capable of converting pro-vitamin D into the active paracrine and autocrine forms. It was demonstrated that rs10877012 polymorphism in the CYP27B1 gene influenced the circulating vitamin D level. This provided a rationale for determining the role that this polymorphism plays in the risk of developing colon cancer. In this study, we investigated the association of rs10877012 (T/G) polymorphism in the CYP27B1 gene with CRC susceptibility. The study population (n = 325) included CRC patients (n = 106) and healthy controls (n = 219). DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes and analyzed for the CYP27B1 polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. We found an association between the presence of the T allele at the polymorphic site (odds ratio (OR) = 2.94; 95% CI 1.77–4.86; p < 0.0001) and a decreased CRC incidence.
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Kuti BP, Kuti DK. Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and inflammatory cytokines in Nigerian children with asthma. J Asthma 2020; 58:604-613. [PMID: 31914352 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1712726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood asthma involves a network of mutually interacting inflammatory mediators and cytokines. The influence of serum vitamin D (an immunomodulatory agent) on these cytokines is poorly understood. This study sets out to determine the relationship between serum T-helper cells type 1 cytokines (Interleukins ILs-1β, 2, 6, 8 and 10), type 2 cytokines (ILs 3, 4,5,9,13), ILs-12, 17 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) in Nigerian children with asthma.Methods: Children with physician-diagnosed asthma and non-asthmatics aged 2-15 years were consecutively recruited at a tertiary center in Nigeria. Serum 25-OHD and cytokines were assayed using chromatography method and association between these parameters determined.Results: A total of 180 children (90 for each group; mean age 7.5 ± 3.9 years; M:F 1.9:1) were recruited. Fifty-six (76.7%) asthmatics had mild intermittent form and symptoms were sub-optimally controlled in 16 (21.9%). The mean (SD) serum Vitamin D was lower in children with asthma (38.8 ± 17.0 ng/ml vs. 45.5 ± 16.6 ng/ml vs. p = 0.023). Also more proportion of children with asthma had suboptimal serum vitamin D level (26.0% vs. 8.8%; p = 0.022). Deficient vitamin D state was associated with higher serum Th1 and Th2 cytokines compared to insufficient state, but the highest cytokine levels were observed in normal vitamin D state. There was significant positive correlation between serum vitamin D and Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IL-8 as well as Th2 cytokines (ILs-3, 4, 5 and 9), but negative correlation with IL-13Conclusions: Serum Vitamin D and cytokines were lower in a sample of Nigerian children with asthma than controls. Vitamin D status was not related to asthma severity and control. Serum 25-OHD seems to have a non-linear relationship with Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Nigerian asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bankole Peter Kuti
- Department of Paediatrics, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ile, Nigeria
| | - Demilade K Kuti
- Department of Paediatrics, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria
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Yin WJ, Tao RX, Hu HL, Zhang Y, Jiang XM, Zhang MX, Jin D, Yao MN, Tao FB, Zhu P. The association of vitamin D status and supplementation during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus: a Chinese prospective birth cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:122-130. [PMID: 31625576 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown conflicting findings regarding the relation of vitamin D status and supplementation during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Most of these studies hypothesized that 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were associated with GDM risk and glucose metabolism based on linear association models. OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate the associations of 25(OH)D concentrations and vitamin D supplementation with GDM risk and glucose metabolism and determine the threshold concentrations of 25(OH)D that could significantly affect glucose metabolism and GDM risk. METHODS In a prospective birth cohort study, we collected information about sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and lifestyle from 4984 pregnant women. Vitamin D supplementation and 25(OH)D concentrations were assessed in the second trimester. Data from the 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance test were obtained at 24-28 weeks of gestation. RESULTS A total of 922 (18.5%) women were diagnosed with GDM. Compared with women with 25(OH)D concentrations <25 nmol/L, the GDM risk was significantly lower in women with 25(OH)D concentrations ranging from 50 to 75 nmol/L (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.95) and >75 nmol/L (RR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.70). The curve-fitting models suggested a significant large reduction in GDM risk, fasting plasma glucose, and area under the curve of glucose with increasing 25(OH)D concentrations only for concentrations >50 nmol/L. Consistently, GDM risk was significantly reduced only in women who took 400-600 IU vitamin D/d (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.97) with a mean 25(OH)D concentration of 50 nmol/L but not in women taking vitamin D sometimes with a mean 25(OH)D concentration of 40 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS GDM risk was significantly reduced only in pregnant women with 25(OH)D concentrations >50 nmol/L. Pregnant women taking 400-600 IU vitamin D/d with mean 25(OH)D concentrations of 50 nmol/L had a lower risk of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jun Yin
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
| | - Rui-Xue Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Hefei City, Hefei, China
| | - Hong-Lin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Women and Child Health Care Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Jin
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Nan Yao
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
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29
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Feketea G, Bocsan CI, Stanciu LA, Buzoianu AD, Zdrenghea MT. The Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in Children With Recurrent Wheezing-Clinical Significance. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:344. [PMID: 32695735 PMCID: PMC7338661 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent wheezing (RW) in infancy is one of the most frequent reasons for parents to consult health care providers and creates a significant global burden. Clinical course of RW is difficult to predict, also which infants will progress to asthma, since no valid biomarkers have been established. Identification of those infants with RW who are at risk of further recurrences and/or severe acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) could help pediatricians to improve their therapeutic decisions. Increasing research interest is focused on the extra-skeletal actions of vitamin D (VD) and the clinical impact of VD insufficiency/deficiency. As VD deficiency could be a risk factor for causing RW in children, measurement of their serum level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] is recommended. In the case of deficiency, VD administration is recommended in age-appropriate doses for at least 6 weeks, until achievement of normal blood 25(OH)D level, followed by supplementation as long as exposure to sun is inadequate. Higher doses of VD given in an attempt to prevent asthma development appear to be of no additional benefit. In children with severe ARTI, VD level is recommended to be assess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavriela Feketea
- Department of Hematology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinic, "Karamandaneio" Children Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Corina I Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminita Aurelia Stanciu
- Airways Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihnea Tudor Zdrenghea
- Department of Hematology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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30
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De Martinis M, Sirufo MM, Viscido A, Ginaldi L. Food Allergies and Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5580. [PMID: 31717303 PMCID: PMC6888073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
All over the world, there is an increase in the overall survival of the population and the number of elderly people. The incidence of allergic reactions is also rising worldwide. Until recently, allergies, and in particular food allergies (FAs), was regarded as a pediatric problem, since some of them start in early childhood and may spontaneously disappear in adulthood. It is being discovered that, on the contrary, these problems are increasingly affecting even the elderly. Along with other diseases that are considered characteristics of advanced age, such as cardiovascular, dysmetabolic, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and oncological diseases, even FAs are increasingly frequent in the elderly. An FA is a pleiomorphic and multifactorial disease, characterized by an abnormal immune response and an impaired gut barrier function. The elderly exhibit distinct FA phenotypes, and diagnosis is difficult due to frequent co-morbidities and uncertainty in the interpretation of in vitro and in vivo tests. Several factors render the elderly susceptible to FAs, including the physiological changes of aging, a decline in gut barrier function, the skewing of adaptive immunity to a Th2 response, dysregulation of innate immune cells, and age-related changes of gut microbiota. Aging is accompanied by a progressive remodeling of immune system functions, leading to an increased pro-inflammatory status where type 1 cytokines are quantitatively dominant. However, serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and T helper type 2 (Th2 cytokine production have also been found to be increased in the elderly, suggesting that the type 2 cytokine pattern is not necessarily defective in older age. Dysfunctional dendritic cells in the gut, defects in secretory IgA, and decreased T regulatory function in the elderly also play important roles in FA development. We address herein the main immunologic aspects of aging according to the presence of FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy
| | - Angelo Viscido
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy
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31
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Thorisdottir B, Gunnarsdottir I, Vidarsdottir AG, Sigurdardottir S, Birgisdottir BE, Thorsdottir I. Infant Feeding, Vitamin D and IgE Sensitization to Food Allergens at 6 Years in a Longitudinal Icelandic Cohort. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071690. [PMID: 31340522 PMCID: PMC6683021 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) recommend exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, partial breastfeeding until 1 year or longer and irrespective of breastfeeding, avoiding solid foods before 4 months. Strong evidence was found for benefits of breastfeeding regarding growth and infections but limited/inconclusive evidence regarding atopic disease and asthma. Vitamin D is of special interest in the Nordic diet. The aim of this prospective study was to compare infant feeding and vitamin D between immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitized (n = 14) and non-sensitized (n = 130) children at 6 years. Information on diet and vitamin D supplement use were collected with dietary recall (<5 months), 1-d food records (5 and 6 months) and 3-d weighed food records (12 months and 6 years). Serum-specific IgE-antibodies against milk, egg, cod, wheat, soy and peanut (cut-off specific IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/L) were measured at 6 years and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at 12 months and 6 years. At 4 months, 57% of IgE sensitized vs. 23% of non-sensitized children (p < 0.01) had received solid food. At 12 months, IgE sensitized children had a lower intake of vitamin D (median (25th, 75th percentiles): 3.9 μg/d (3.2, 7.2) vs. 8.1 μg/d (4.4, 12.3), p = 0.03) and at 6 years, fewer used vitamin D supplements regularly (23% vs. 56%, p = 0.03). Introduction of solid foods prior to 4 months increased the odds of IgE-sensitization, OR = 4.9 (95%, CI = 1.4–16.6) and vitamin D supplement at 6 years decreased the odds of IgE-sensitization, OR = 0.2 (95%, CI = 0.1–0.98), adjusting for maternal smoking. These observations support the NNR in their recommendation against introducing complementary solid foods before the age of 4 months. Furthermore, they support encouraging vitamin D intake for young children at northern latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birna Thorisdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Faculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Sigurveig Sigurdardottir
- Department of Immunology, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- The Allergy Outpatient Department, Landspitali University Hospital, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
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High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Prevent Allergic Sensitization of Infants. J Pediatr 2019; 209:139-145.e1. [PMID: 30902420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation dose on allergic sensitization and allergic diseases in infants, and to evaluate whether vitamin D status in pregnancy and at birth are associated with infant allergy outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Altogether, 975 infants participated in a randomized, controlled trial of daily vitamin D supplementation of 10 μg (400 IU) or 30 μg (1200 IU) from the age of 2 weeks. At 12 months of age, food and aeroallergen IgE antibodies were measured, and the occurrence of allergic diseases and wheezing were evaluated. RESULTS We found no differences between the vitamin D supplementation groups in food (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.66-1.46) or aeroallergen sensitization at 12 months (OR, 0.76; 95% CI,0.34-1.71). Allergic diseases or wheezing did not differ between groups, except for milk allergy which occurred more often in infants administered 30 μg vitamin D compared with the 10 μg dose (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.00-4.96). Infants with high cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (≥100 nmol/L) had a higher risk of food allergen sensitization compared with those with lower 25(OH)D concentration (75-99.9 nmol/L; OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.19-3.39). CONCLUSIONS High-dose vitamin D supplementation did not prevent allergic sensitization, allergic diseases, or wheezing during the first year of life. In contrast, we observed an increased risk of milk allergy in infants randomized to higher vitamin D supplementation, and an increased risk of allergic sensitization in infants with high cord blood vitamin D status, indicating a possible adverse effect of high concentrations of vitamin D.
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The DALI vitamin D randomized controlled trial for gestational diabetes mellitus prevention: No major benefit shown besides vitamin D sufficiency. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:976-984. [PMID: 31053513 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS As vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we aimed to test vitamin D supplementation as a strategy to reduce GDM risk (evaluated after fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin resistance and weight gain) in pregnant overweight/obese women. METHODS The DALI vitamin D multicenter study enrolled women with prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 29 kg/m2, ≤19 + 6 weeks of gestation and without GDM. Participants were randomized to receive 1600 IU/day vitamin D3 or placebo (each with or without lifestyle intervention) on top of (multi)vitamins supplements. Women were assessed for vitamin D status (sufficiency defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) ≥ 50 nmol/l), FPG, insulin resistance and weight at baseline, 24-28 and 35-37 weeks. Linear or logistic regression analyses were performed to assess intervention effects. RESULTS Average baseline serum 25(OH)D was ≥50 nmol/l across all study sites. In the vitamin D intervention arm (n = 79), 97% of participants achieved target serum vitamin 25(OH)D (≥50 nmol/l) at 24-28 weeks and 98% at 35-37 weeks vs 74% and 78% respectively in the placebo arm (n = 75, p < 0.001). A small but significantly lower FPG (-0.14 mmol/l; CI95 -0.28, -0.00) was observed at 35-37 weeks with the vitamin D intervention without any additional difference in metabolic status, perinatal outcomes or adverse event rates. CONCLUSION In the DALI vitamin D trial, supplementation with 1600 IU vitamin D3/day achieved vitamin D sufficiency in virtually all pregnant women and a small effect in FPG at 35-37 weeks. The potential of vitamin D supplementation for GDM prevention in vitamin D sufficient populations appears to be limited. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN70595832.
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Matsui T, Tanaka K, Yamashita H, Saneyasu KI, Tanaka H, Takasato Y, Sugiura S, Inagaki N, Ito K. Food allergy is linked to season of birth, sun exposure, and vitamin D deficiency. Allergol Int 2019; 68:172-177. [PMID: 30670337 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The season of birth and ultraviolet B exposure have been related to the occurrence of food allergy. The levels of vitamin D produced from skin by ultraviolet B exposure might reflect this relationship. Vitamin D is known to induce antimicrobial peptides, protect intestinal flora, enhance the gut epithelial barrier, suppress mast cell activation and IgE synthesis from B cells, and increase the number of tolerogenic dendritic cells and IL-10-producing regulatory T cells. Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to exacerbate sensitization and allergic symptoms in a murine model of food allergy. However, in clinical situations, contradictory observations have been reported regarding the relationship between food allergy and vitamin D deficiency/supplementation. In this review, we have explored the links between food allergy and vitamin D levels. One explanation for the discrepant findings is confounding factors such as race, age, residency, skin color, and epigenetic changes that contribute to vitamin D levels. In addition, the season of birth influences the development of atopic dermatitis, which could lead to food sensitization. Finally, ultraviolet radiation could lead to regulatory T cell expansion and immunosuppression, irrespective of vitamin D status. Based on our current understanding, we believe that correction of vitamin D deficiency by supplementation, appropriate skin care, and sufficient ultraviolet radiation exposure could alter the prognosis of food allergy. To identify potential treatment strategies for food allergy, it is essential to gain a better understanding of the appropriate levels of vitamin D and ultraviolet radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Matsui
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kajiyo Tanaka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Yamashita
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Bioactive Molecules, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Saneyasu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Bioactive Molecules, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Bioactive Molecules, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takasato
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shiro Sugiura
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Inagaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Bioactive Molecules, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
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Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) allergic disease is an umbrella term used to describe a variety of adverse, food antigen-driven, immune-mediated diseases. Although these diseases vary mechanistically, common elements include a breakdown of immunologic tolerance, a biased type 2 immune response, and an impaired mucosal barrier. These pathways are influenced by diverse factors such as diet, infections, exposure to antibiotics and chemicals, GI microbiome composition, and genetic and epigenetic elements. Early childhood has emerged as a critical period when these factors have a dramatic impact on shaping the immune system and therefore triggering or protecting against the onset of GI allergic diseases. In this Review, we will discuss the latest findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern GI allergic diseases and how these findings have set the stage for emerging preventative and treatment strategies.
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Raab AM, Krebs J, Pfister M, Perret C, Hopman M, Mueller G. Respiratory muscle training in individuals with spinal cord injury: effect of training intensity and -volume on improvements in respiratory muscle strength. Spinal Cord 2019; 57:482-489. [PMID: 30700854 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-019-0249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of training intensity and -volume on improvements in respiratory muscle strength in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). SETTING SCI rehabilitation center in Switzerland. METHODS Inpatients with SCI, lesion level C4-T12, who had at least 10 individualized inspiratory muscle training sessions with respiratory function measurements before and after the training period. Multiple regression analysis with natural logarithmic (ln) transformation of the outcome values was used to examine the effect of training intensity and -volume, lesion level and completeness, and baseline respiratory muscle strength on improvements in respiratory muscle strength. RESULTS Overall, 67 individuals were analyzed. Variation in PImax was explained by PImax at baseline and training intensity. This adjusted effect size suggested a 7% (95% CI 2.8 to 11.6%) increase in PImax per 10 units of increase in training intensity. Controlling for the variation in baseline PEmax, the effect of training intensity on PEmax was conditional on AIS (p < 0.021). While individuals with motor complete lesions showed a 6.8% (95% CI 2.1 to 11.7%) increase in PEmax per 10 units of increase in training intensity, the corresponding adjusted effect size in those with motor incomplete lesions was 0.1% (95% CI -4.3 to 4.5%). The full models explained 57 and 60% of the variance of lnPImax and lnPEmax, respectively. CONCLUSION The intensity of inspiratory muscle training was more relevant than training volume for the improvement of respiratory muscle strength in individuals with SCI. Thus, training intensity should be chosen as high as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja M Raab
- Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.
| | - Jörg Krebs
- Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Pfister
- Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Perret
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Maria Hopman
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabi Mueller
- Clinical Trial Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland
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Kannan S, Perzanowski MS, Ganguri HB, Acevedo-Garcia D, Acosta LM, Spatcher M, Divjan A, Chew GL. Complex relationships between vitamin D and allergic sensitization among Puerto Rican 2-year-old children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 120:84-89. [PMID: 29273135 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, Puerto Ricans have a higher prevalence of asthma than other Latino ethnicities. Low vitamin D levels for children living in northern climates could be a factor. OBJECTIVE To assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] distributions (a marker of vitamin D) and associations among vitamin D, allergic sensitization, early wheeze, and home/demographic factors. METHODS Puerto Rican infants born in New York City, with a maternal history of atopy, were enrolled in a birth cohort. Blood was collected at age 2 years (n = 154; 82 males and 72 females). Serum 25(OH)D and immunoglobulin E (IgE) (indoor allergen-specific and total) were determined using immunoassays. Home/demographic characteristics and respiratory symptoms were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS The median concentration of 25(OH)D was 22.6 ng/mL; 32% were at risk of deficiency or inadequacy (<12 or 12-19 ng/mL). Serum 25(OH)D levels were lower in the heating (a surrogate for less sun exposure in colder months) compared with nonheating (26.1 vs 22.7 ng/mL, P = .02) season, but were not associated with allergen-specific IgE levels or with level of acculturation (measured by maternal birthplace). However, low 25(OH)D levels (below median) were associated with high total IgE >100 IU/mL (P = .01). Also, 25(OH)D concentrations differed between children who attended daycare and those who did not (21.8 vs 24.5 ng/mL; t test, P = .02). Serum 25(OH)D was not associated with wheeze or asthma by 2 years of age (P = .43). CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency, possibly linked with allergic pathways, may partially explain the trajectory for disproportionate asthma burden among Puerto Ricans, especially those born and raised in colder climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimathi Kannan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts; Department of Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois.
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Harish B Ganguri
- Department of Computer Science, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois; Kronsys, Inc, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Dolores Acevedo-Garcia
- The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Luis M Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Molly Spatcher
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts; Eye and Lasik Center, Greenfield, Massachusetts
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ginger L Chew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Shin SM, Lee Y, Moon H, Kim SA, Oh JH, Chung S, Shim JS, Kang HR. A case of hair dye-induced contact anaphylaxis. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2019. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2019.7.4.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Myoung Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonhee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongran Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sujie Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Soo Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Hu Z, Tao S, Liu H, Pan G, Li B, Zhang Z. The Association between Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Metabolic-Related Genes and Vitamin D 3 Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:8289741. [PMID: 31583252 PMCID: PMC6754883 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8289741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the key genes in vitamin D metabolic pathway on the serum 25(OH)D level after long-term vitamin D3 supplementation and provide a theoretical basis for rational vitamin D3 supplementation in diabetic patients with different genetic backgrounds. METHODS Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who met the inclusive criteria were given 800 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 30 consecutive months. Serum 25(OH)D levels was measured at enrollment and every 6 months after enrollment. The average value of four-time measurements represented individual serum 25(OH)D level during vitamin D3 supplementation. Multiplex TaqMan genotyping was used to determine the distribution of eight candidate SNPs in genes of DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and VDR, which are key genes in the vitamin D metabolic pathway, in diabetic patients. RESULTS At baseline, the average serum 25(OH)D level was 22.71 ± 6.87 ng/mL, and 17.9% of patients had a ≥30 ng/mL level. During supplementation, the level of 25(OH)D increased significantly at each time point, and the average 25(OH)D level increased to 30.61 ± 5.04 ng/mL; however, there were 44.6% of patients whose serum 25(OH)D levels were still below 30 ng/mL. In the patients with CYP27B1 (rs10877012) G/T genotype, 71.79% achieved sufficient level of 25(OH)D, which was significantly higher than the other two genotypes (P < 0.05). Compared with those with T/T genotype, the RR of the patients with rs10877012 for <30 ng/mL level was 0.544 (95% CI: 0.291-0.917), and the RR after adjusting age and outdoor activity was 0.560 (95% CI: 0.292-0.970). CONCLUSION The serum 25(OH)D level in patients with diabetes mellitus after long-term vitamin D3 supplementation is associated with CYP27B1 polymorphism. Patients with rs10877012 G/T allele have a better response to vitamin D3 supplementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IPC-17012657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Lishui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, China
| | - ShaSha Tao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huaqing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guotao Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Weidmann E, Samadi N, Klems M, Heiden D, Seppova K, Ret D, Untersmayr E. Mouse Chow Composition Influences Immune Responses and Food Allergy Development in a Mouse Model. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111775. [PMID: 30453476 PMCID: PMC6266012 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our diet is known to substantially influence the immune response not only by support of mucosal barriers but also via direct impact on immune cells. Thus, it was of great interest to compare the immunological effect of two mouse chows with substantial differences regarding micro-, macronutrient, lipid and vitamin content on the food allergic response in our previously established mouse model. As the two mouse chows of interest, we used a soy containing feed with lower fatty acid (FA) amount (soy-containing feed) and compared it to a soy free mouse chow (soy-free feed) in an established protocol of oral immunizations with Ovalbumin (OVA) under gastric acid suppression. In the animals receiving soy-containing feed, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1, IgG2a antibody levels were significantly elevated and food allergy was evidenced by a drop of body temperature after oral immunizations. In contrast, mice on soy-free diet had significantly higher levels of IL-10 and were protected from food allergy development. In conclusion, soy-containing feed was auxiliary during sensitizations, while soy-free feed supported oral tolerance development and food allergy prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Weidmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Nazanin Samadi
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Martina Klems
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Denise Heiden
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Klara Seppova
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Davide Ret
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Lara-Corrales I, Huang CM, Parkin PC, Rubio-Gomez GA, Posso-De Los Rios CJ, Maguire J, Pope E. Vitamin D Level and Supplementation in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cutan Med Surg 2018; 23:44-49. [PMID: 30336685 DOI: 10.1177/1203475418805744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by a pruritic eczematous rash. Evidence surrounding the role of serum vitamin D (VD) in modifying disease severity is inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether VD levels are correlated with AD severity and the effects of VD supplementation on disease modification. METHODS: This was a 2-phase study, using a cross-sectional design to evaluate the relationship between VD level and severity, as well as a double-blinded, randomized control trial to elucidate the effects of VD supplementation. Patients aged 0 to 18 years with AD were included in phase 1, and disease severity and serum VD levels were determined. Those with renal, liver, or other dermatologic conditions were excluded. Patients with abnormal (<72.7 nmol/L) VD levels were eligible for phase 2 and to be randomized to either VD supplementation of 2000 IU/d or placebo. VD level and severity were assessed at baseline and 3 months. RESULTS: The 77 patients included in phase 1 had a mean (SD) age of 7.4 (4.5) years, and 45.5% (33/77) were female. Increased severity was significantly correlated with lower VD levels ( P = .015). Of the 45 patients included in phase 2, 21 and 24 were assigned to the supplementation and placebo arm, respectively. The mean (SD) change in severity did not differ significantly between the supplementation (15.35 [9.71]) and placebo (15.13 [8.97]) groups after 3 months of intervention ( P = .7). CONCLUSION: Although VD levels correlated with AD severity, VD supplementation did not significantly improve disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lara-Corrales
- 1 Section of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Patricia C Parkin
- 3 Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Jonathon Maguire
- 3 Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Pope
- 1 Section of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Restimulia L, Pawarti DR, Ekorini HM. The Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels with Allergic Rhinitis Incidence and Total Nasal Symptom Score in Allergic Rhinitis Patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1405-1409. [PMID: 30159065 PMCID: PMC6108797 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases and vitamin D deficiency were found to have a relationship. However, there was limited number of studies on the relationship between vitamin D with allergic rhinitis (AR) and total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), particularly in determining the cut-off points of serum vitamin D levels which correlated to AR. AIM As this particular study has never been conducted in Indonesia, the main objective of this study was to investigate this issue. METHODS The research was conducted at Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya in January 2017. A group of 30 subjects were recruited using consecutive sampling. Levels of serum vitamin D were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method while the total nasal symptom scores were obtained by accumulating all the nasal symptoms. Data of serum vitamin D levels and TNSS were analysed statistically with the Pearson correlation test. RESULTS It was found that the mean of serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels (9.13 ng/mL) of the AR group was significantly lower than the non-AR group (26.22 ng/mL) (P = 0.000). The vitamin D cut-off points which correlated to AR was about 12.83 ng/mL (sensitivity = 80%; specificity = 100%). A Pearson correlation test found a strong, negative correlation between vitamin D levels and TNSS (P = 0.000; r = -0.800). CONCLUSION There was a strong, negative correlation between serum vitamin D levels with AR and TNSS. The cut-off points of serum vitamin D levels correlated to AR were approximately12.83 ng/mL. Thus, further research needs to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Restimulia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jl. Prof. Dr Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Reno Pawarti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jl. Prof. Dr Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Haris Mayaguyang Ekorini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jl. Prof. Dr Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
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Yu JE, Mallapaty A, Miller RL. It's not just the food you eat: Environmental factors in the development of food allergies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 165:118-124. [PMID: 29689456 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dramatic rise in the prevalence of food allergy and food allergy-associated anaphylaxis in the past few decades has fueled investigative interest into understanding this puzzling trend. Here, we review the question as to whether important external environmental determinants beyond dietary habits and exposure to food allergens are involved. This review will summarize our current understanding of these environment determinants, derived from the latest experimental and epidemiological research. Specifically, we will review the role of exposures that affect skin barrier function, development of a diverse microbiome, and food processing. Additional exposures of concern are insufficient sunlight, endocrine disrupting chemicals and pesticides, and use of specific pharmaceutical agents that may drive or modify the risk for food allergy. Despite limitations in the quantity and quality of research to date, many new epidemiological associations and experimental data in support of this paradigm have emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce E Yu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anu Mallapaty
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Santos HLBS, Silva SDSE, Paula ED, Pereira-Ferrari L, Mikami L, Riedi CA, Chong-Neto HJ, Rosário NA. VITAMIN D RECEPTOR GENE MUTATIONS AND VITAMIN D SERUM LEVELS IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 36:269-274. [PMID: 30066819 PMCID: PMC6202901 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;3;00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the relationship between polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR), clinical findings, and serum vitamin D (VD) levels in asthmatics. METHODS A cross sectional study of 77 children aged 7 to 14 years old, who were attended at a specialized clinic. The children were divided into 3 groups: asthmatics who had been using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for more than one year; asthmatics who had not been using ICS; non-asthmatics, and children without allergies (according to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood -- ISAAC). Spirometry, skin prick tests, the presence of a VDR promoter CDX2 polymorphism from an allele-specific polimerase chain reaction (PCR), exons 2 and 3 polymorphisms genotyping by PCR-SSCA (single-strand conformational analysis), total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE to mites and grass were evaluated in these three groups. Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined in asthmatics only. RESULTS The mean age of the children was 10.8±2.0 years old, 57% were male, 38 were asthmatic and using ICS, 22 were asthmatic and not using ICS, and 17 were non-asthmatic. Allergic rhinitis was present in 90% of asthmatics. Homozygous CDX2 was detected in 23% of the patients and absent in the control group (p=0.03). Lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%) values were observed in CDX2 homozygous asthmatics (p=0.001). Variations in the exon 2 and 3 sequences were not related to asthma or the other tests. VD deficiency or insufficiency was detected in 98% of asthmatics. There was no association between VD levels and genetic polymorphisms from exons 2 and 3. CONCLUSIONS There was a positive association between homozygous CDX2 polymorphism, asthma and lower FEV1% values. CDX2 is capable of modifying cell interaction between VDR and VD, and it could be associated with the prevalence of asthma, and the difficulty in controlling the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liya Mikami
- Centro Universitário Autônomo do Brasil, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
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Successful Treatment of Severe Atopic Dermatitis with Calcitriol and Paricalcitol in an 8-Year-Old Girl. Case Rep Pediatr 2018; 2018:9643543. [PMID: 30034905 PMCID: PMC6035840 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9643543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting children and adolescence. The traditional therapeutic options for AD, including emollients topically and immune modulatory agents systemically focusing on reducing skin inflammation and restoring the function of the epidermal barrier, are proven ineffective in many cases. Several studies have linked vitamin D supplementation with either a decreased risk to develop AD or a clinical improvement of the symptoms of AD patients. In this report, we present a girl with severe AD who under adequate supplementation with cholecalciferol was treated with calcitriol and subsequently with paricalcitol. She had significant improvement—almost healing of her skin lesions within 2 months, a result sustained for more than 3 years now. Because of hypercalciuria as a side effect from calcitriol therapy, treatment was continued with paricalcitol, a vitamin D analogue used in secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease. Calcitriol therapy may be considered as a safe and efficacious treatment option for patients with severe AD, particularly for those with refractory AD, under monitoring for possible side effects. Treatment with paricalcitol resolves hypercalciuria, is safe, and should be further investigated as an alternative treatment of atopic dermatitis and possibly other diseases of autoimmune origin.
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46
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Poole A, Song Y, Brown H, Hart PH, Zhang G(B. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of vitamin D in food allergy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3270-3277. [PMID: 29577619 PMCID: PMC6010899 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are becoming increasingly prevalent, especially in young children. Epidemiological evidence from the past decade suggests a role of vitamin D in food allergy pathogenesis. Links have been made between variations in sunlight exposure, latitude, birth season and vitamin D status with food allergy risk. Despite the heightened interest in vitamin D in food allergies, it remains unclear by which exact mechanism(s) it acts. An understanding of the roles vitamin D plays within the immune system at the cellular and genetic levels, as well as the interplay between the microbiome and vitamin D, will provide insight into the importance of the vitamin in food allergies. Here, we discuss the effect of vitamin D on immune cell maturation, differentiation and function; microbiome; genetic and epigenetic regulation (eg DNA methylation); and how these processes are implicated in food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn Poole
- School of Public HealthCurtin UniversityBentleyWAAustralia
| | - Yong Song
- School of Public HealthCurtin UniversityBentleyWAAustralia
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and DiseaseThe University of Western Australia and Curtin UniversityCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Helen Brown
- School of Public HealthCurtin UniversityBentleyWAAustralia
| | - Prue H. Hart
- Telethon Kids InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Guicheng (Brad) Zhang
- School of Public HealthCurtin UniversityBentleyWAAustralia
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and DiseaseThe University of Western Australia and Curtin UniversityCrawleyWAAustralia
- Telethon Kids InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin UniversityBentleyWAAustralia
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Morgan KA, Mann EH, Young AR, Hawrylowicz CM. ASTHMA - comparing the impact of vitamin D versus UVR on clinical and immune parameters. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 16:399-410. [PMID: 28092390 DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00407e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of asthma has increased markedly since the 1960s and is currently estimated to affect more than 300 million individuals worldwide. A number of environmental factors are implicated in asthma pathogenesis, one of which is vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern and has increased in parallel with asthma incidence. Epidemiological studies report associations between low vitamin D status, assessed as circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, with asthma incidence, severity, exacerbations and responses to treatment. This has led to clinical studies to test whether increasing the levels of vitamin D improves asthma management. Despite being highly variable in dosing regimens, design and outcomes, meta-analyses suggest overall positive outcomes with respect to reduced asthma exacerbations and steroid requirements. The primary mechanism for increasing vitamin D levels in the body is through exposure of the skin to the ultraviolet B (UVB) component of ultraviolet radiation (UVR), most commonly from sun exposure. However, only a limited number of studies investigating the impact of UVR on the asthmatic response have been performed; these generally report on the impact of latitude as a surrogate of sun exposure, or address this in animal models. To the best of our knowledge no comprehensive trials to assess the impact of UVB radiation on asthma outcomes have been performed. Within this review we discuss observational and clinical studies in this field, and innate and adaptive immune mechanisms through which UVR and vitamin D may impact respiratory health, and asthma. We highlight the heterogeneity of asthmatic disease, which is likely to impact upon the efficacy of interventional studies, and briefly overview more recent findings relating to the impact of vitamin D/UVR on the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie A Morgan
- MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, UK. and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King's College London, UK and St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Elizabeth H Mann
- MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, UK.
| | - Antony R Young
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King's College London, UK and St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Catherine M Hawrylowicz
- MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, UK. and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King's College London, UK
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48
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Role of Vitamin D Beyond the Skeletal Function: A Review of the Molecular and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061618. [PMID: 29849001 PMCID: PMC6032242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical function of Vitamin D, which involves mineral balance and skeletal maintenance, has been known for many years. With the discovery of vitamin D receptors in various tissues, several other biological functions of vitamin D are increasingly recognized and its role in many human diseases like cancer, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular, and autoimmune and dermatological diseases is being extensively explored. The non-classical function of vitamin D involves regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we discuss and summarize the latest findings on the non-classical functions of vitamin D at the cellular/molecular level and its role in complex human diseases.
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Demir MG. Comparison of 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IgE Levels between Allergic Rhinitis Patients and Healthy People. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 22:428-431. [PMID: 30357064 PMCID: PMC6197973 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common allergic diseases that cause a decrease in quality of life. Over the last decades, the increase in the number of cases is supposed to be a result of industrialization and lifestyle changes. Vitamin D, which is a steroid hormone, has a significant immunomodulatory and antioxidant role in the human body.
Objective
The objective of the present study is to investigate the role of 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels in allergic rhinitis patients and to compare them to the levels found in the healthy population.
Methods
A total of 256 participants were included in the present study. Allergic rhinitis is diagnosed with the help of the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines confirmed through skin prick tests. Control subjects were selected among people without allergy history, which was also confirmed through skin prick tests. The levels of 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophil counts were measured in blood samples from both groups.
Results
The mean value of serum levels of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was 25.5 ± 3.74 in the allergic rhinitis group, and 31.58 ± 3.85 in the control subjects. This difference reveals statistically-decreased levels in the allergic rhinitis group (
p
< 0.05). The total IgE levels are increased in the allergic rhinitis group (
p
< 0.05) and negatively correlated with the serum levels of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (r = - 0.259,
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Lower serum levels of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were detected in the allergic rhinitis population. This data is also correlated to the IgE response in the study group. A supplement of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in deficient patients might be helpful to relieve symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis, but further studies are needed.
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50
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Saggese G, Vierucci F, Prodam F, Cardinale F, Cetin I, Chiappini E, de’ Angelis GL, Massari M, Miraglia Del Giudice E, Miraglia Del Giudice M, Peroni D, Terracciano L, Agostiniani R, Careddu D, Ghiglioni DG, Bona G, Di Mauro G, Corsello G. Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus of the Italian Pediatric Society and the Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics, jointly with the Italian Federation of Pediatricians. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:51. [PMID: 29739471 PMCID: PMC5941617 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, particularly during pediatric age when nutritional rickets and impaired bone mass acquisition may occur.Besides its historical skeletal functions, in the last years it has been demonstrated that vitamin D directly or indirectly regulates up to 1250 genes, playing so-called extraskeletal actions. Indeed, recent data suggest a possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of several pathological conditions, including infectious, allergic and autoimmune diseases. Thus, vitamin D deficiency may affect not only musculoskeletal health but also a potentially wide range of acute and chronic conditions. At present, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high in Italian children and adolescents, and national recommendations on vitamin D supplementation during pediatric age are lacking. An expert panel of the Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics reviewed available literature focusing on randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation to provide a practical approach to vitamin D supplementation for infants, children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Saggese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Prodam
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Fabio Cardinale
- Pediatric Unit, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, and Immunology, AOU Policlinico-Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- Department of Mother and Child, Hospital Luigi Sacco, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Chiappini
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Anna Meyer Children’s University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi de’ Angelis
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit and Clinical Paediatrics Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Maternal Medicine, University of Parma Hospital Trust, Parma, Italy
| | - Maddalena Massari
- Department of Mother and Child, Hospital Luigi Sacco, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Pediatric Primary Care, National Pediatric Health Care System, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Careddu
- Pediatric Primary Care, National Pediatric Health Care System, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniele Giovanni Ghiglioni
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Bona
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Mauro
- Pediatric Primary Care, National Pediatric Health Care System, Caserta, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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