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Paciência I, Sharma N, Hugg TT, Rantala AK, Heibati B, Al-Delaimy WK, Jaakkola MS, Jaakkola JJ. The Role of Biodiversity in the Development of Asthma and Allergic Sensitization: A State-of-the-Science Review. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:66001. [PMID: 38935403 PMCID: PMC11218706 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in land use and climate change have been reported to reduce biodiversity of both the environment and human microbiota. These reductions in biodiversity may lead to inadequate and unbalanced stimulation of immunoregulatory circuits and, ultimately, to clinical diseases, such as asthma and allergies. OBJECTIVE We summarized available empirical evidence on the role of inner (gut, skin, and airways) and outer (air, soil, natural waters, plants, and animals) layers of biodiversity in the development of asthma, wheezing, and allergic sensitization. METHODS We conducted a systematic search in SciVerse Scopus, PubMed MEDLINE, and Web of Science up to 5 March 2024 to identify relevant human studies assessing the relationships between inner and outer layers of biodiversity and the risk of asthma, wheezing, or allergic sensitization. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022381725). RESULTS A total of 2,419 studies were screened and, after exclusions and a full-text review of 447 studies, 82 studies were included in the comprehensive, final review. Twenty-nine studies reported a protective effect of outer layer biodiversity in the development of asthma, wheezing, or allergic sensitization. There were also 16 studies suggesting an effect of outer layer biodiversity on increasing asthma, wheezing, or allergic sensitization. However, there was no clear evidence on the role of inner layer biodiversity in the development of asthma, wheezing, and allergic sensitization (13 studies reported a protective effect and 15 reported evidence of an increased risk). CONCLUSIONS Based on the reviewed literature, a future systematic review could focus more specifically on outer layer biodiversity and asthma. It is unlikely that association with inner layer biodiversity would have enough evidence for systematic review. Based on this comprehensive review, there is a need for population-based longitudinal studies to identify critical periods of exposure in the life course into adulthood and to better understand mechanisms linking environmental exposures and changes in microbiome composition, diversity, and/or function to development of asthma and allergic sensitization. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13948.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Paciência
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Needhi Sharma
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Timo T. Hugg
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aino K. Rantala
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Behzad Heibati
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Maritta S. Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni J.K. Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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Ren M, Wang Y, Lin L, Li S, Ma Q. α-Linolenic Acid Screened by Molecular Docking Attenuates Inflammation by Regulating Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Ovalbumin-Induced Mice of Allergic Rhinitis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185893. [PMID: 36144628 PMCID: PMC9501164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is a natural essential fatty acid widely found in plant seed oils and beans, which shows positive anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. In our previous study, ALA was proven to bind tightly to the seven protein targets closely associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) by molecular docking, which indicates that ALA may have a potential role in the treatment of AR. A mouse model of AR induced by ovalbumin (OVA) was adopted in this study to explore the therapeutical effect and potential mechanism of ALA in treating AR. Results demonstrated that ALA remarkably relieved the nasal symptoms, reduced the OVA-sIgE level in the serum, relieved the histopathological injuries, and downregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the nasal mucosa. ALA also remarkably moderated the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells, increased the mRNA expression levels of T-bet and STAT1, and reduced GATA3 and STAT6. ALA was proven to have a substantial therapeutic effect on mice with AR, and the underlying mechanism was likely to be the regulation of Th1/Th2 imbalance through the JAK/T-bet/STAT1 and JAK/GATA3/STAT6 pathways. This study provides a specific experimental basis for the clinical use and drug development of ALA in the treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Ren
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Q.M.)
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Qinhai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Q.M.)
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Sasaki M, Schwab C, Ramirez Garcia A, Li Q, Ferstl R, Bersuch E, Akdis CA, Lauener R, Frei R, Roduit C. The abundance of Ruminococcus bromii is associated with faecal butyrate levels and atopic dermatitis in infancy. Allergy 2022; 77:3629-3640. [PMID: 35917214 PMCID: PMC10087690 DOI: 10.1111/all.15440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired microbial development and decreased levels of short chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, is suggested to have a role in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS Faecal microbiota composition, abundance of selected bacterial groups and fermentation metabolites were compared at 90, 180 and 360 days of life between 27 children who developed AD by age one (AD group), and 39 controls (non-AD group) among the CARE (Childhood AlleRgy, nutrition and Environment) study cohort. RESULTS Diversity within the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum in the faecal microbiota was lower in the AD group compared to the non-AD group. Longitudinal analysis showed multiple amplicon sequence variants (ASV) within the same bacterial family to be differentially abundant. Namely, Ruminococcus bromii, a keystone primary starch degrader, and Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-utilizer, had lower abundance among the AD group. Children with AD were less likely to have high levels of faecal butyrate at 360 days compared to those without AD (11.5% vs 34.2%). At 360 days, children with high abundance of R. bromii had higher level of butyrate as well as lower proportion of children with AD compared to children with low abundance of R. bromii (11.1-12.5% vs 44.4-52.5%), which was independent of the abundance of the major butyrate producers. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that R. bromii and other primary degraders might play an important role in the differences in microbial cross-feeding and metabolite formation between children with and without AD, which may influence the risk of developing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Sasaki
- University Children's Hospital ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Clarissa Schwab
- Department of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Laboratory of Food BiotechnologyInstitute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Alejandro Ramirez Garcia
- Laboratory of Food BiotechnologyInstitute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZürichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Eugen Bersuch
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
- Children's Hospital of Eastern SwitzerlandSt GallenSwitzerland
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZürichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
- Children's Hospital of Eastern SwitzerlandSt GallenSwitzerland
| | | | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, InselspitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- University Children's Hospital ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
- Children's Hospital of Eastern SwitzerlandSt GallenSwitzerland
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Frei R, Heye K, Roduit C. Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma - The Farm effect. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13807. [PMID: 35754122 PMCID: PMC9327508 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and allergies are major health problems and exert an enormous socioeconomic burden. Besides genetic predisposition, environmental factors play a crucial role in the development of these diseases in childhood. Multiple worldwide epidemiological studies have shown that children growing up on farms are immune to allergic diseases and asthma. Farm-related exposures shape children's immune homeostasis, via mediators such as N-glycolylneuraminic acid or arabinogalactan, or by diverse environmental microbes. Moreover, nutritional factors, such as breastfeeding or farm milk and food diversity, inducing short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria in the intestine, contribute to farm-related effects. All farm-related exposures induce an anti-inflammatory response of the innate immunity and increase the differentiation of regulatory T cells and T helper cell type 1. A better understanding of the components of the farm environment, that are protective to the development of allergy and asthma, and their underlying mechanisms, will help to develop new strategies for the prevention of allergy and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Frei
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Heye
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St Gallen, Switzerland.,University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Wen S, Yuan G, Li C, Xiong Y, Zhong X, Li X. High cellulose dietary intake relieves asthma inflammation through the intestinal microbiome in a mouse model. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263762. [PMID: 35271579 PMCID: PMC8912215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that a high dietary fiber intake is associated inversely with the incidence of asthma in the population. There have been many studies on the role of soluble dietary fiber, but the mechanism of action for insoluble dietary fiber, such as cellulose-the most widely existing dietary fiber, in asthma is still unclear. The current study investigated the outcomes of a high-cellulose diet in a mouse model of asthma and detected pathological manifestations within the lungs, changes in the intestinal microbiome, and changes in intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mice. A high-cellulose diet can reduce lung inflammation and asthma symptoms in asthmatic mice. Furthermore, it dramatically changes the composition of the intestinal microbiome. At the family level, a new dominant fungus family Peptostreptococcaceae is produced, and at the genus level, the unique genus Romboutsla, [Ruminococcus]_torques_group was generated. These genera and families of bacteria are closely correlated with lipid metabolism in vivo. Many studies have proposed that the mechanism of dietary fiber regulating asthma may involve the intestinal microbiome producing SCFAs, but the current research shows that a high-cellulose diet cannot increase the content of SCFAs in the intestine. These data suggest that a high-cellulose diet decreases asthma symptoms by altering the composition of the intestinal microbiome, however, this mechanism is thought to be independent of SCFAs and may involve the regulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wen
- Department of the First Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guifang Yuan
- Department of the First Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cunya Li
- Department of the Traditional Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xiong
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Endocrinology, School of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Laboratory of Innovation, Basic Medical Experimental Teaching Centre, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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Fonseca JR, Lucio M, Harir M, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Mining for Active Molecules in Probiotic Supernatant by Combining Non-Targeted Metabolomics and Immunoregulation Testing. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010035. [PMID: 35050158 PMCID: PMC8778235 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma are highly prevalent in industrialized countries. As cases are expected to rise, there is a growing demand for alternative therapies. Our recent research on the potential benefits of probiotics suggests that they could prevent and reduce the symptoms of many diseases by modulating the host immune system with secreted metabolites. This article presents the first steps of the research that led us to identify the immunoregulatory bioactivity of the amino acid d-Trp reported in our previous study. Here we analyzed the cell culture metabolic footprinting of 25 commercially available probiotic strains to associate metabolic pathway activity information with their respective immune modulatory activity observed in vitro. Crude probiotic supernatant samples were processed in three different ways prior to untargeted analysis in positive and negative ionization mode by direct infusion ESI-FT-ICR-MS: protein precipitation and solid phase extraction (SPE) using HLB and CN-E sorbent cartridges. The data obtained were submitted to multivariate statistical analyses to distinguish supernatant samples into the bioactive and non-bioactive group. Pathway analysis using discriminant molecular features showed an overrepresentation of the tryptophan metabolic pathway for the bioactive supernatant class, suggesting that molecules taking part in that pathway may be involved in the immunomodulatory activity observed in vitro. This work showcases the potential of metabolomics to drive product development and novel bioactive compound discovery out of complex biological samples in a top-down manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Roldan Fonseca
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.R.F.); (M.H.); (P.S.-K.)
| | - Marianna Lucio
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.R.F.); (M.H.); (P.S.-K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-3187-3775
| | - Mourad Harir
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.R.F.); (M.H.); (P.S.-K.)
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.R.F.); (M.H.); (P.S.-K.)
- Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Lin MH, Chiu SY, Ho WC, Chi KH, Liu TY, Wang IJ. Effect of triclosan on the pathogenesis of allergic diseases among children. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:60-68. [PMID: 33654271 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00304-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed associations between allergic diseases and antibacterial agents in Taiwanese children. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association of triclosan (TCS) exposure with allergic diseases among preschoolers, disease-specific IgE titers, and a child's sex. METHODS Pediatric data were obtained from the Childhood Environment and Allergic Diseases Study (CEAS; 2010) cohort, and their urine and blood samples were used to analyze TCS and IgE concentrations (age 3 group). Three years later, clinical data were obtained again from the age 3 group (age 6 group). Correlations of TCS levels at ages 3 and 6 years with IgE levels and allergic diseases were evaluated. RESULTS The TCS levels were higher at age 3 than at age 6 (geometric mean, 1.05 ng/ml vs 0.37 ng/ml). TCS levels were positively correlated with serum IgE levels at ages 3 and 6 years. Asthma and atopic dermatitis were significantly associated with TCS (adjusted OR 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.29; OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05-1.41). Sex-stratified analysis revealed that TCS levels were positively correlated with IgE levels among boys in the age 6 group and significantly associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among boys. SIGNIFICANCE TCS exposure is associated with IgE levels and a potentially high risk of pediatric atopic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hua Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, No.100, Sec.1, Jingmao Road, Beitun Dist, Taichung, 4046040, Taiwan
- Department of Dietetics, Yunlin Christian Hospital, No.375, Shichang S Road, Xiluo Township, Yunlin, 648102, Taiwan
| | - She-Yu Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Township, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, No.100, Sec.1, Jingmao Road, Beitun Dist, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing & Graduate Institute of Nursing, Asia University, No.500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsien Chi
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yun Liu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - I-Jen Wang
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, No.100, Sec.1, Jingmao Road, Beitun Dist, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, 24213, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan.
- National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Javanshir N, Hosseini GNG, Sadeghi M, Esmaeili R, Satarikia F, Ahmadian G, Allahyari N. Evaluation of the Function of Probiotics, Emphasizing the Role of their Binding to the Intestinal Epithelium in the Stability and their Effects on the Immune System. Biol Proced Online 2021; 23:23. [PMID: 34847891 PMCID: PMC8903605 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-021-00160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the importance of using cost-effective methods for therapeutic purposes, the function of probiotics as safe microorganisms and the study of their relevant functional mechanisms have recently been in the spotlight. Finding the mechanisms of attachment and stability and their beneficial effects on the immune system can be useful in identifying and increasing the therapeutic effects of probiotics. In this review, the functional mechanisms of probiotics were comprehensively investigated. Relevant articles were searched in scientific sources, documents, and databases, including PubMed, NCBI, Bactibace, OptiBac, and Bagel4. The most important functional mechanisms of probiotics and their effects on strengthening the epithelial barrier, competitive inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, production of antimicrobials, binding and interaction with the host, and regulatory effects on the immune system were discussed. In this regard, the attachment of probiotics to the epithelium is very important because the prerequisite for their proper functioning is to establish a proper connection to the epithelium. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the binding effect of probiotics, including sortase A, a significant factor involved in the expression of sortase-dependent proteins (SDP), on their surface as mediators of intestinal epithelial cell binding. In general, by investigating the functional mechanisms of probiotics, it was concluded that the mechanism by which probiotics regulate the immune system and adhesion capacity can directly and indirectly have preventive and therapeutic effects on a wide range of diseases. However, further study of these mechanisms requires extensive research on various aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Javanshir
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Sadeghi
- Department of Science, Islamic Azad University - Parand Branch, Parand, Iran
| | | | - Fateme Satarikia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ahmadian
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Najaf Allahyari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran.
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Xie A, Song J, Lu S, Liu Y, Tang L, Wen S. Influence of Diet on the Effect of the Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei in Rats Suffering From Allergic Asthma. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:737622. [PMID: 34659167 PMCID: PMC8516095 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.737622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that probiotics can be used to treat allergic asthma by modulating the gut microbiota, and that the effects of probiotics may be influenced by environmental factors such as diet. We conducted a rat model with allergic asthma (AA) modulated by Lactobacillus paracasei, feeding up with high-fat or high-fiber diets based on collecting data from 85 questionnaires. The systemic proinflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA and the overall structure of fecal microbiota was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed consumption of a high-fiber diet alleviated the allergic symptoms and airway inflammation, and led to improving the imbalance of T-helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 cells with increased expression of interferon-γ and decreased expression of interleukin-4. Whereas, the high-fat diet had deteriorating implications and skewed the inflammatory perturbation. Furthermore, abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes, families Muribaculaceae, Tannerellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Enterococcaceae, genera Allobaculum, Parabacteroides, and Enterococcus were enriched in L. paracasei-modulating rats fed with high-fiber diet. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae, genera Blautia, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, unidentified_Clostridiales and Oscillibacter were in relatively high abundance in the rats administered high-fat diet. Association between changed microbiota and inflammatory cytokines was also conferred. These data indicated that the efficacy of L. paracasei in allergic asthma was influenced by different dietary patterns. Hence, diet is important for probiotic therapy when managing allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Xie
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaping Song
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinhui Liu
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shu Wen
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Stampfli M, Frei R, Divaret-Chauveau A, Schmausser-Hechfellner E, Karvonen AM, Pekkanen J, Riedler J, Schaub B, von Mutius E, Lauener R, Roduit C. Inverse associations between food diversity in the second year of life and allergic diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 128:39-45. [PMID: 34648974 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of diet in early childhood on later allergic diseases is currently a highly debated research topic. We and others have suggested that an increased diet diversity in the first year of life has a protective effect on the development of allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE This follow-up study aimed to investigate associations between diet in the second year of life and later allergic diseases. METHODS A total of 1014 children from rural areas in 5 European countries (the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural Environments or PASTURE birth cohort) were included. Information on feeding practices in their second year of life and allergic diseases were collected up to age 6 years. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed with different models considering reverse causality, such as excluding children with a positive sensitization to egg and those with a positive sensitization to cow's milk at the age of 1 year. RESULTS An increased food diversity score during the second year of life was negatively associated with the development of asthma. Consumption of dairy products and eggs in the second year of life found an inverse association with reported allergic outcomes. Consumption of butter was strongly associated with protection against asthma and food sensitization. Egg was inversely associated with atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR], 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04-0.77). Yogurt and cow's milk were inversely associated with food allergy (OR for yogurt, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01-0.55; OR for cow's milk, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11-0.89). CONCLUSION Increased food diversity in the second year of life is inversely associated with the development of asthma, and consumption of dairy products might have a protective effect on allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Stampfli
- Department of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Divaret-Chauveau
- Pediatric Allergy Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; EA3450 Développement Adaptation et Handicap (DevAH), University of Lorraine, Nancy, France; Unité de Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6249 Chrono-environment, Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Elisabeth Schmausser-Hechfellner
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne M Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Josef Riedler
- Children's Hospital Schwarzach, Kardinal Schwarzenbergplatz 1, Schwarzach, Austria; Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical Private University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Neuherberg, Germany; Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland; Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Department of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland; Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St Gallen, Switzerland.
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11
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Hu W, Lu W, Li L, Zhang H, Lee YK, Chen W, Zhao J. Both living and dead Faecalibacterium prausnitzii alleviate house dust mite-induced allergic asthma through the modulation of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid production. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5563-5573. [PMID: 33709404 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and novel strategies to prevent or treat this disease are needed. Probiotic intervention has recently been reported to be effective for asthma prevention. Here, we explored the effects of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii on the development of allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma. RESULTS Supplementation with living and dead F. prausnitzii blocked eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte and macrophage influx and alleviated the pathological changes. Moreover, both living and dead F. prausnitzii administration decreased the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 and immunoglobulin G1, elevated regulatory T cell (Tregs) ratio, improved microbial dysbiosis and enhanced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Network correlation analysis revealed that the immune indicators were strongly associated with SCFA production. Based on the linear discriminant analysis effect size, Turicibacter was found to be the core genus related to HDM-induced asthma. Living F. prausnitzii treatment enriched Faecalibaculum, Dubosiella and Streptococcus, while dead F. prausnitzii treatment increased Muribaculaceae and Parabacteroides. Interestingly, both living and dead F. prausnitzii administration enriched Lachnoclostridium and normalized the pathways involving carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which might be related to SCFA production. CONCLUSION Faecalibacterium prausnitzii exerts an anti-asthmatic effect partly by gut microbiota modulation and SCFA production, suggesting its potential as a probiotic agent for allergic asthma prevention. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan-Kun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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12
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Lerner A. The intestinal luminal sources of α-synuclein: a gastroenterologist perspective. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:282-293. [PMID: 33942062 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by nonmotor/motor dysfunction, midbrain dopaminergic neuronal death, and α-synuclein (aSN) deposits. The current hypothesis is that aSN accumulates in the enteric nervous system to reach the brain. However, invertebrate, vertebrate, and nutritional sources of aSN reach the luminal compartment. Submitted to local amyloidogenic forces, the oligomerized proteins' cargo can be sensed and sampled by a specialized mucosal cell to be transmitted to the adjacent enteric nervous system, starting their upward journey to the brain. The present narrative review extends the current mucosal origin of Parkinson's disease, presenting the possibility that the disease starts in the intestinal lumen. If substantiated, eliminating the nutritional sources of aSN (eg, applying a vegetarian diet) might revolutionize the currently used dopaminergic pharmacologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Lerner
- A. Lerner is with the Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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13
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Zhang M, Li A, Yang Q, Li J, Wang L, Liu X, Huang Y, Liu L. Beneficial Effect of Alkaloids From Sophora alopecuroides L. on CUMS-Induced Depression Model Mice via Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:665159. [PMID: 33954123 PMCID: PMC8089385 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.665159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It was recently shown that the gut microbiota of both depression patients and depression model animals is significantly altered, suggesting that gut microbes are closely related to depression. Here, we investigated the effects of Sophora alopecuroides L.-derived alkaloids on the gut microbiota of mice with depression-like behaviors. We first established a mouse model of depression via chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and detected changes in depression-like behaviors and depression-related indicators. Simultaneously, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to investigate gut microbiota changes. Sophora alopecuroides L.-derived alkaloids improved depression-like behaviors and depression-related indicators in mice. The alkaloids decreased the gut microbiota diversity of CUMS mice and depleted intestinal differentially abundant "harmful" microbiota genera. Spearman analysis showed that there is a certain correlation between the differential microbiota (Lactobacillus, Helicobacter, Oscillospira, Odoribacter, Mucispirillum, Ruminococcus), depression-like behaviors, and depression-related indicators. Combined with the predictive analysis of gut microbiota function, these results indicate that alkaloids improve depression in mice through modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Aoqiang Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Qifang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuxian Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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14
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Benedé S, Berin MC. Applications of Mouse Models to the Study of Food Allergy. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2223:1-17. [PMID: 33226583 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1001-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models of allergic disease offer numerous advantages when compared to the models of other animals. However, selection of appropriate mouse models is critical to advance the field of food allergy by revealing mechanisms of allergy and for testing novel therapeutic approaches. All current mouse models for food allergy have weaknesses that may limit their applicability to human disease. Aspects such as the genetic predisposition to allergy or tolerance from the strain of mouse used, allergen dose, route of exposure (oral, intranasal, intraperitoneal, or epicutaneous), damage of the epithelial barrier, use of adjuvants, food matrix effects, or composition of the microbiota should be considered prior to the selection of a specific murine model and contemplated according to the intended purpose of the study. This chapter reviews our current knowledge on the application of mouse models to food allergy research and the variables that may influence the successful development of each type of model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Benedé
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Cecilia Berin
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Batista MA, Calvo-Fortes F, Silveira-Nunes G, Camatta GC, Speziali E, Turroni S, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA, Neretti N, Maioli TU, Santos RR, Brigidi P, Franceschi C, Faria AMC. Inflammaging in Endemic Areas for Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579972. [PMID: 33262758 PMCID: PMC7688519 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is marked by a systemic process named inflammaging along with a series of defects in the immunological activity that results in poor responses to infectious agents and to vaccination. Inflammaging, a state of low-grade chronic inflammation, usually leads to chronic inflammatory diseases and frailty in the elderly. However, some elderly escape from frailty and reach advanced age free of the consequences of inflammaging. This process has been called immunological remodeling, and it is the hallmark of healthy aging as described in the studies of centenarians in Italy. The biological markers of healthy aging are still a matter of debate, and the studies on the topic have focused on inflammatory versus remodeling processes and molecules. The sub-clinical inflammatory status associated with aging might be a deleterious event for populations living in countries where chronic infectious diseases are not prevalent. Nevertheless, in other parts of the world where they are, two possibilities may occur. Inflammatory responses may have a protective effect against these infectious agents. At the same time, the long-term consequences of protective immune responses during chronic infections may result in accelerated immunosenescence in these individuals. Therefore, the biological markers of healthy aging can vary according to environmental, cultural, and geographical settings that reflect worldwide, and in a non-biased, non-westernized perspective, the changes that we experience regarding our contacts with microorganisms and the outcomes of such contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Andrade Batista
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Calvo-Fortes
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Silveira-Nunes
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Caliman Camatta
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Elaine Speziali
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Neretti
- Departament of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Santos
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Center for Biophysics, Bioinformatics, Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Laboratory of Systems Biology of Healthy Aging, Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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16
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Ng YT, Chew FT. A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors associated with atopic dermatitis in Asia. World Allergy Organ J 2020; 13:100477. [PMID: 33204388 PMCID: PMC7645284 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder characterised by intense itch and eczematous lesions. Rising prevalence of AD has been observed worldwide including in Asia. Understanding the risk factors associated with AD may explain its pathogenicity and identify new preventive strategies and treatments. However, AD-associated risk factors and comorbidities specific to Asia have not been systematically reviewed. Methods We performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and summarised epidemiological studies investigating personal, family, and environmental factors and comorbidities associated with AD in Asia. Significant factors were assessed if they can be altered through lifestyle practices and further classified into non-modifiable and modifiable factors. Meta-analysis using the random-effect model was also conducted to provide an overall estimate for several significant factors. Results We identified a total of 162 epidemiological studies conducted in Asia. Among non-modifiable factors, a family history of atopic diseases was the most reported, suggesting the involvement of genetics in AD pathogenesis. Among modifiable factors, the results of meta-analyses revealed maternal smoking as the strongest risk factor with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 2.95 (95% CI, 2.43-3.60), followed by active smoking (pooled OR, 1.91, 95% CI, 1.41-2.59). Conclusion While a family history may aid clinicians in identifying high-risk individuals, literature has long suggested the importance of gene-environment interaction. This review identified several modifiable factors including medical treatments, indoor and outdoor environmental exposure, and personal and family lifestyle specific to Asia. Based on the meta-analyses performed, prevention strategies against AD may start from changing personal and family lifestyle choices, especially smoking habits.
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Key Words
- AD, atopic dermatitis
- Asia
- Atopic dermatitis
- CI, Confidence interval
- Eczema
- FLG, Filaggrin
- HR, Hazard ratio
- I2, Inconsistency index
- ISAAC, International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood
- NO2, nitrogen dioxide
- OR, Odds ratio
- PR, Prevalence ratio
- PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- RR, Relative risk
- Risk factors
- TCM, traditional chinese medicine
- Th, T helper cell
- VOCs, Volatile organic compounds
- p, p-value
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ting Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Relationship between gut microbiota composition and sensitization to inhaled allergens. Allergol Int 2020; 69:437-442. [PMID: 31980373 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An imbalance in gut microbiota is implicated in several pathological conditions, including allergic diseases. This study investigates the association between gut microbiota composition and sensitization to two inhaled antigens. METHODS The study comprised 1109 local residents who had participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project in 2016. Blood samples were analyzed for levels of antigen-specific IgE against Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) and house dust (HD1). Fecal samples were analyzed for bacterial 16S rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) using next generation sequencing. The percent composition of gut microbes was compared between patients sensitized and unsensitized group for JCP and HD1 to determine whether the rate of sensitization to inhaled antigens associates with specific bacterial orders composing the gut microbiota. RESULTS In participants aged 20-49 years, the percent composition of Bacteroidales was significantly higher among participants sensitized to JCP than in those unsensitized. The percent composition of Lactobacillales was significantly higher in participants unsensitized to HD group than in those sensitized to that antigen. In addition, participants with low Bacteroidales and high Bifidobacteriales or Lactobacillales has low sensitization rates to HD compared with high Bacteroidales and low Bifidobacteriales or Lactobacillales. CONCLUSIONS The presence of bacteria of order Lactobacillales, Bifidobacteriales, and Bacteroidales in the gut microbiota may affect sensitization to inhaled allergens.
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18
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Lohrmann F, Forde AJ, Merck P, Henneke P. Control of myeloid cell density in barrier tissues. FEBS J 2020; 288:405-426. [PMID: 32502309 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The interface between the mammalian host and its environment is formed by barrier tissues, for example, of the skin, and the respiratory and the intestinal tracts. On the one hand, barrier tissues are colonized by site-adapted microbial communities, and on the other hand, they contain specific myeloid cell networks comprising macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. These immune cells are tightly regulated in function and cell number, indicating important roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and immune balance in the presence of commensal microorganisms. The regulation of myeloid cell density and activation involves cell-autonomous 'single-loop circuits' including autocrine mechanisms. However, an array of microenvironmental factors originating from nonimmune cells and the microbiota, as well as the microanatomical structure, impose additional layers of regulation onto resident myeloid cells. This review discusses models integrating these factors into cell-specific programs to instruct differentiation and proliferation best suited for the maintenance and renewal of immune homeostasis in the tissue-specific environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florens Lohrmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School for Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.,IMM-PACT Clinician Scientist Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aaron J Forde
- Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, university of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Merck
- Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Immunodeficiency (IFI), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany
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19
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Hemida M, Vuori KA, Salin S, Moore R, Anturaniemi J, Hielm-Björkman A. Identification of modifiable pre- and postnatal dietary and environmental exposures associated with owner-reported canine atopic dermatitis in Finland using a web-based questionnaire. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225675. [PMID: 32469869 PMCID: PMC7259748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional hypothesis generating study was performed to investigate modifiable exposures such as whether feeding pattern (a non-processed meat based diet, NPMD, or an ultra-processed carbohydrate based diet, UPCD), certain environmental factors and their timing of exposure might be associated with the development of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). Also, genetic and demographic factors were tested for associations with CAD. The data was collected from the validated internet-based DogRisk food frequency questionnaire in Finland. A total of 2236 dogs were eligible for the study (the owners reported 406 cases and 1830 controls). Our main interest was to analyze modifiable early risk factors of CAD, focusing on nutritional and environmental factors. We tested four early life periods; prenatal, neonatal, early postnatal and late postnatal periods. Twenty-two variables were tested for associations with CAD using logistic regression analysis. From the final models we identified novel dietary associations with CAD: the NPMD during the prenatal and early postnatal periods had a significant negative association with the incidence of CAD in adult dogs (age above 1 year). Oppositely, UPCD was associated with a significantly higher risk for CAD incidence. Other variables that were associated with a significantly lower risk for CAD were maternal deworming during pregnancy, sunlight exposure during early postnatal period, normal body condition score during the early postnatal period, the puppy being born within the same family that it would stay in, and spending time on a dirt or grass surface from 2 to 6 months. Also, the genetic factors regarding maternal history of CAD, allergy-prone breeds and more than 50% white-colored coat all showed a significant positive association with CAD incidence in agreement with previous findings. Although no causality can be established, feeding NPMD early in life seemed to be protective against CAD, while UPCD could be considered a risk factor. Prospective intervention studies are needed to establish the causal effects of the protective role of NPMD on prevalence of CAD during the fetal and early postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Hemida
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Kristiina A. Vuori
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Siru Salin
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robin Moore
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Anturaniemi
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hielm-Björkman
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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20
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Barcik W, Boutin RCT, Sokolowska M, Finlay BB. The Role of Lung and Gut Microbiota in the Pathology of Asthma. Immunity 2020; 52:241-255. [PMID: 32075727 PMCID: PMC7128389 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Clinical features of asthma and its immunological and molecular etiology vary significantly among patients. An understanding of the complexities of asthma has evolved to the point where precision medicine approaches, including microbiome analysis, are being increasingly recognized as an important part of disease management. Lung and gut microbiota play several important roles in the development, regulation, and maintenance of healthy immune responses. Dysbiosis and subsequent dysregulation of microbiota-related immunological processes affect the onset of the disease, its clinical characteristics, and responses to treatment. Bacteria and viruses are the most extensively studied microorganisms relating to asthma pathogenesis, but other microbes, including fungi and even archaea, can potently influence airway inflammation. This review focuses on recently discovered connections between lung and gut microbiota, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea, and their influence on asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Barcik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rozlyn C T Boutin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - B Brett Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Abstract
Allergic diseases have been increasing to epidemic proportions during the past century, especially in high-income countries. Recent evidence suggests there might be a link between the allergy epidemic and reduced microbial exposures, resulting from a rapidly evolved modern lifestyle, including changed diets, health and hygiene standards, and daily habits. Recently it has become clear that the microbial communities in our respiratory system and our gut, as well as on our skin, may play a key role in shaping our physiology, and influencing our health. We are only beginning to understand the mechanisms by which the human microbiota may be regulating the immune system, and sudden changes in the composition of the microbiota may have profound effects, linked with an increased risk of developing chronic inflammatory disorders, including allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Fyhrquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Frei R, Roduit C, Ferstl R, O'Mahony L, Lauener RP. Exposure of Children to Rural Lifestyle Factors Associated With Protection Against Allergies Induces an Anti-Neu5Gc Antibody Response. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1628. [PMID: 31379833 PMCID: PMC6660244 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural lifestyle has been shown to be highly protective against the development of allergies. Contact to farm-animals or pets and early-life consumption of milk products turned out to be important. These exposures provide contact to N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), a sialic acid naturally expressed in mammalians but not in humans or microbes although both are able to incorporate exogenously provided Neu5Gc and induce thereby an anti-Neu5Gc antibody response. Farmers' children had elevated levels of anti-Neu5Gc antibodies associated with increased contact to Neu5Gc. Farm-related exposures that were associated with protection against allergies such as exposure to farm-animals or pets and consumption of milk were also associated with an antibody response to Neu5Gc in children. Exposure to cats was associated with increased anit-Neu5Gc IgG levels at different timepoints assessed between 1 year of age and school-age. Moreover, consumption of non-pasteurized milk in the first year of life was associated with increased anti-Neu5Gc IgG levels. Neu5Gc-providing exposures that were associated with protection against allergies were reflected in an elevated anti-Neu5Gc IgG level in children. Exposure to Neu5Gc was associated with anti-inflammation and protection of asthma development in children and mice without contribution of anti-Neu5Gc antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Frei
- Christine Kuehne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Christine Kuehne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Christine Kuehne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Roger P Lauener
- Christine Kuehne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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23
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Mouse Models for Food Allergies: Where Do We Stand? Cells 2019; 8:cells8060546. [PMID: 31174293 PMCID: PMC6627293 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are a steadily increasing health and economic problem. Immunologically, food allergic reactions are caused by pathological, allergen-specific Th2 responses resulting in IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation and associated inflammatory reactions. Clinically, food allergies are characterized by local inflammation of the mouth mucosa, the face, the throat, the gastrointestinal tract, are frequently paralleled by skin reactions, and can result in life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. To better understand food allergies and establish novel treatment options, mouse models are indispensable. This review discusses the available mouse food allergy models, dividing them into four categories: (1) adjuvant-free mouse models, (2) mouse models relying on adjuvants to establish allergen-specific Th2 responses, (3) mouse models using genetically-modified mouse strains to allow for easier sensitization, and (4) humanized mouse models in which different immunodeficient mouse strains are reconstituted with human immune or stem cells to investigate humanized immune responses. While most of the available mouse models can reproducibly portray the immunological parameters of food allergy (Th2 immune responses, IgE production and mast cell activation/expansion), so far, the recreation of the clinical parameters has proven more difficult. Therefore, up to now none of the available mouse models can reproduce the complete human pathology.
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24
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Untersmayr E, Bax HJ, Bergmann C, Bianchini R, Cozen W, Gould HJ, Hartmann K, Josephs DH, Levi‐Schaffer F, Penichet ML, O'Mahony L, Poli A, Redegeld FA, Roth‐Walter F, Turner MC, Vangelista L, Karagiannis SN, Jensen‐Jarolim E. AllergoOncology: Microbiota in allergy and cancer-A European Academy for Allergy and Clinical Immunology position paper. Allergy 2019; 74:1037-1051. [PMID: 30636005 PMCID: PMC6563061 DOI: 10.1111/all.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota can play important roles in the development of human immunity and the establishment of immune homeostasis. Lifestyle factors including diet, hygiene, and exposure to viruses or bacteria, and medical interventions with antibiotics or anti-ulcer medications, regulate phylogenetic variability and the quality of cross talk between innate and adaptive immune cells via mucosal and skin epithelia. More recently, microbiota and their composition have been linked to protective effects for health. Imbalance, however, has been linked to immune-related diseases such as allergy and cancer, characterized by impaired, or exaggerated immune tolerance, respectively. In this AllergoOncology position paper, we focus on the increasing evidence defining the microbiota composition as a key determinant of immunity and immune tolerance, linked to the risk for the development of allergic and malignant diseases. We discuss novel insights into the role of microbiota in disease and patient responses to treatments in cancer and in allergy. These may highlight opportunities to improve patient outcomes with medical interventions supported through a restored microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Heather J. Bax
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Center for Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PathologyKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hannah J. Gould
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular BiophysicsSchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonNew Hunt's HouseLondonUK
- Medical Research Council & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of AsthmaLondonUK
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of LuebeckLuebeckGermany
| | - Debra H. Josephs
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Francesca Levi‐Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics UnitSchool of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Institute for Drug ResearchThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- The Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- UCLA AIDS InstituteLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and MicrobiologyAPC Microbiome IrelandNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Aurelie Poli
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Frank A. Redegeld
- Division of PharmacologyFaculty of ScienceUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Franziska Roth‐Walter
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michelle C. Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk AssessmentUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Luca Vangelista
- Department of Biomedical SciencesNazarbayev University School of MedicineAstanaKazakhstan
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Erika Jensen‐Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
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25
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Roduit C, Frei R, Ferstl R, Loeliger S, Westermann P, Rhyner C, Schiavi E, Barcik W, Rodriguez‐Perez N, Wawrzyniak M, Chassard C, Lacroix C, Schmausser‐Hechfellner E, Depner M, Mutius E, Braun‐Fahrländer C, Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen PV, Pekkanen J, Dalphin J, Riedler J, Akdis C, Lauener R, O'Mahony L, Hyvärinen A, Remes S, Roponen M, Chauveau A, Dalphin ML, Kaulek V, Ege M, Genuneit J, Illi S, Kabesch M, Schaub B, Pfefferle P, Doekes G. High levels of butyrate and propionate in early life are associated with protection against atopy. Allergy 2019; 74:799-809. [PMID: 30390309 DOI: 10.1111/all.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary changes are suggested to play a role in the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites present in certain foods and are produced by microbes in the gut following fermentation of fibers. SCFAs have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models. Our objective was to investigate the potential role of SCFAs in the prevention of allergy and asthma. METHODS We analyzed SCFA levels by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in fecal samples from 301 one-year-old children from a birth cohort and examined their association with early life exposures, especially diet, and allergy and asthma later in life. Data on exposures and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires. In addition, we treated mice with SCFAs to examine their effect on allergic airway inflammation. RESULTS Significant associations between the levels of SCFAs and the infant's diet were identified. Children with the highest levels of butyrate and propionate (≥95th percentile) in feces at the age of one year had significantly less atopic sensitization and were less likely to have asthma between 3 and 6 years. Children with the highest levels of butyrate were also less likely to have a reported diagnosis of food allergy or allergic rhinitis. Oral administration of SCFAs to mice significantly reduced the severity of allergic airway inflammation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that strategies to increase SCFA levels could be a new dietary preventive option for allergic diseases in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Roduit
- University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital St Gallen St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Susanne Loeliger
- University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - Patrick Westermann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Claudio Rhyner
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Elisa Schiavi
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Weronika Barcik
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Noelia Rodriguez‐Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Lacroix
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH‐Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Schmausser‐Hechfellner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Zentrum Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
| | - Martin Depner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Zentrum Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
| | - Erika Mutius
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Zentrum Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC‐M) Munich Germany
| | | | - Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
| | - Pirkka V. Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
- Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jean‐Charles Dalphin
- Department of Respiratory Disease University of Besançon UMR/CNRS 6249 Chrono‐environment University Hospital Besançon France
| | | | - Cezmi Akdis
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital St Gallen St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome Ireland National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
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26
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Nicklaus S, Divaret‐Chauveau A, Chardon M, Roduit C, Kaulek V, Ksiazek E, Dalphin M, Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen P, Pekkanen J, Lauener R, Schmausser‐Hechfellner E, Renz H, Braun‐Fahrländer C, Riedler J, Vuitton DA, Mutius EV, Dalphin J. The protective effect of cheese consumption at 18 months on allergic diseases in the first 6 years. Allergy 2019; 74:788-798. [PMID: 30368847 DOI: 10.1111/all.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of exposure to microorganisms on allergic diseases has been well studied. The protective effect of early food diversity against allergic diseases was previously shown in the PASTURE cohort study. The consumption of cheese, a food potentially rich in microbial diversity, deserves further examination. We aimed to evaluate whether cheese consumption is associated with allergic diseases. METHODS In the PASTURE study (birth cohort in 5 European countries), data on feeding practices, environmental factors, and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires from birth to 6 years (N = 931). Cheese consumption at 18 months of age was quantified in terms of frequency and diversity (ie, number of consumed types among 6 types: hard pressed, semipressed, soft, blue, fresh cheese, and cheese from the farm). Multiple logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the effect of cheese consumption on atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic sensitization at 6 years after adjustment for confounders of atopy. RESULTS Cheese consumption (vs. nonconsumption) had a significant protective effect on AD (OR = 0.51 [0.29-0.90], P = 0.02) and FA (OR = 0.32, [0.15-0.71], P = 0.004), but no effect on atopic sensitization, allergic rhinitis, and asthma at 6 years. This effect on AD and FA may be related to the diversity of consumed cheeses (OR = 0.64 [0.48-0.85] per cheese type, P = 0.002; OR = 0.55 [0.33-0.92], P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION Although reverse causality cannot totally be ruled out, cheese diversity at 18 months had a protective effect against AD and FA at 6 years in addition to the protective effect of diversity of other foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Nicklaus
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation AgroSup Dijon, CNRS INRA Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Amandine Divaret‐Chauveau
- Pediatrics Department University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
- Pediatric Allergy Department University Hospital of Nancy Nancy France
| | - Marie‐Laure Chardon
- University Hospital of Besançon, Respiratory Disease Besançon France
- Hospital of Haute‐Saône, Respiratory disease Vesoul France
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Vincent Kaulek
- University Hospital of Besançon, Respiratory Disease UMR6249 ChronoEnvironnement CNRS and Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Eléa Ksiazek
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation AgroSup Dijon, CNRS INRA Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Marie‐Laure Dalphin
- University Hospital of Besançon, Respiratory Disease UMR6249 ChronoEnvironnement CNRS and Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
| | - Pirkka Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
- Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland St. Gallen Switzerland
| | | | - Harald Renz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Philipps University of Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Josef Riedler
- Children's Hospital Schwarzach Schwarzach Austria
- Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical Private University Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | | | - Erika Von Mutius
- Dr. Von Hauner Children's Hospital Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Munich Germany
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Centre Munich Neuherberg Germany
- German Center for Lung Research Munich Germany
| | - Jean‐Charles Dalphin
- University Hospital of Besançon, Respiratory Disease UMR6249 ChronoEnvironnement CNRS and Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
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27
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Huda MN, Ahmad SM, Alam MJ, Khanam A, Kalanetra KM, Taft DH, Raqib R, Underwood MA, Mills DA, Stephensen CB. Bifidobacterium Abundance in Early Infancy and Vaccine Response at 2 Years of Age. Pediatrics 2019; 143:peds.2018-1489. [PMID: 30674610 PMCID: PMC6361348 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal microbiome in early infancy affects immunologic development and thus may affect vaccine memory, though few prospective studies have examined such associations. We examined the association of Bifidobacterium levels in early infancy with memory responses to early vaccination measured at 2 years of age. METHODS In this prospective observational study, we examined the association of Bifidobacterium abundance in the stool of healthy infants at 6 to 15 weeks of age, near the time of vaccination, with T-cell and antibody responses measured at 6 weeks, 15 weeks, and 2 years of age. Infants were vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) (at birth), oral polio virus (at birth and at 6, 10, and 14 weeks), tetanus toxoid (TT) (at 6, 10, and 14 weeks), and hepatitis B virus (at 6, 10, and 14 weeks). Fecal Bifidobacterium was measured at 6, 11, and 15 weeks. Bifidobacterium species and subspecies were measured at 6 weeks. RESULTS Mean Bifidobacterium abundance in early infancy was positively associated with the CD4 T-cell responses to BCG, TT, and hepatitis B virus at 15 weeks, with CD4 responses to BCG and TT at 2 years, and with plasma TT-specific immunoglobulin G and stool polio-specific immunoglobulin A at 2 years. Similar associations were seen for the predominant subspecies, Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis. CONCLUSIONS Bifidobacterium abundance in early infancy may increase protective efficacy of vaccines by enhancing immunologic memory. This hypothesis could be tested in clinical trials of interventions to optimize Bifidobacterium abundance in appropriate populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nazmul Huda
- Nutrition Department and,Western Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, California;,Enteric and Respiratory Infections Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; and
| | - Shaikh M. Ahmad
- Enteric and Respiratory Infections Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; and
| | - M. Jahangir Alam
- Enteric and Respiratory Infections Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; and
| | - Afsana Khanam
- Enteric and Respiratory Infections Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; and
| | | | | | - Rubhana Raqib
- Enteric and Respiratory Infections Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; and
| | - Mark A. Underwood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - David A. Mills
- Departments of Food Science and Technology and,Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Charles B. Stephensen
- Nutrition Department and,Western Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, California
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28
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Skelly E, Kapellas K, Cooper A, Weyrich LS. Consequences of colonialism: A microbial perspective to contemporary Indigenous health. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 167:423-437. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Skelly
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Kostas Kapellas
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Alan Cooper
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Laura S. Weyrich
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
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29
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Salem I, Ramser A, Isham N, Ghannoum MA. The Gut Microbiome as a Major Regulator of the Gut-Skin Axis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1459. [PMID: 30042740 PMCID: PMC6048199 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult intestine hosts a myriad of diverse bacterial species that reside mostly in the lower gut maintaining a symbiosis with the human habitat. In the current review, we describe the neoteric advancement in our comprehension of how the gut microbiota communicates with the skin as one of the main regulators in the gut-skin axis. We attempted to explore how this potential link affects skin differentiation and keratinization, its influence on modulating the cutaneous immune response in various diseases, and finally how to take advantage of this communication in the control of different skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Salem
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Amy Ramser
- Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nancy Isham
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
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30
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Zhou X, Du L, Shi R, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Li Z. Early-life food nutrition, microbiota maturation and immune development shape life-long health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:S30-S38. [PMID: 29874476 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1485628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current knowledge about early-life nutrition and environmental factors that affect the interaction between the symbiotic microbiota and the host immune system has demonstrated novel regulatory target for treating allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders and metabolic syndrome. Various kinds of food nutrients (such as dietary fiber, starch, polyphenols and proteins) can provide energy resources for both intestinal microbiota and the host. The indigestible food components are fermented by the indigenous gut microbiota to produce diverse metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide, which can regulate the host metabolized physiology, immunity homeostasis and health state. Therefore it is commonly believed early-life perturbation of the microbial community structure and the dietary nutrition interference on the child mucosal immunity contribute to the whole life susceptibility to chronic diseases. In all, the combined interrelationship between food ingredients nutrition, intestinal microbiota configurations and host system immunity provides new therapeutic targets to treat various kinds of pathogenic inflammations and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Lina Du
- a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Ronghua Shi
- a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhidong Chen
- a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Yiming Zhou
- a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Zongjie Li
- a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China
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31
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Liang S, Wu X, Hu X, Wang T, Jin F. Recognizing Depression from the Microbiota⁻Gut⁻Brain Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061592. [PMID: 29843470 PMCID: PMC6032096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability, morbidity, and mortality worldwide. The brain⁻gut axis functions are disturbed, revealed by a dysfunction of the brain, immune system, endocrine system, and gut. Traditional depression treatments all target the brain, with different drugs and/or psychotherapy. Unfortunately, most of the patients have never received any treatment. Studies indicate that gut microbiota could be a direct cause for the disorder. Abnormal microbiota and the microbiota⁻gut⁻brain dysfunction may cause mental disorders, while correcting these disturbance could alleviate depression. Nowadays, the gut microbiota modulation has become a hot topic in treatment research of mental disorders. Depression is closely related with the health condition of the brain⁻gut axis, and maintaining/restoring the normal condition of gut microbiota helps in the prevention/therapy of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Schiavi E, Plattner S, Rodriguez-Perez N, Barcik W, Frei R, Ferstl R, Kurnik-Lucka M, Groeger D, Grant R, Roper J, Altmann F, van Sinderen D, Akdis CA, O'Mahony L. Exopolysaccharide from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624™ modulates murine allergic airway responses. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:761-773. [PMID: 29726281 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between the host and the microbiota are thought to significantly influence immunological tolerance mechanisms at mucosal sites. We recently described that the loss of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Bifidobacterium longum 35624™ eliminated its protective effects in colitis and respiratory allergy murine models. Our goal was to investigate the immune response to purified EPS from B. longum 35624, determine if it has protective effects within the lung and identify the protective mechanisms. Isolated EPS from B. longum 35624 cultures was used for in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies. Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) were used to investigate in vitro immunological responses to EPS. Cytokine secretion, expression of surface markers and signalling pathways were examined. The ovalbumin (OVA) respiratory allergy murine model was used to evaluate the in vivo immunomodulatory potential of EPS. In addition, interleukin (IL)-10 knockout (KO) mice and anti-Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 blocking antibody were used to examine the underlying protective mechanisms of intranasal EPS administration. Stimulation of human MDDCs with EPS resulted in IL-10 secretion, but not proinflammatory cytokines. IL-10 secretion was TLR-2-dependent. Eosinophil recruitment to the lungs was significantly decreased by EPS intranasal exposure, which was associated with decreased expression of the Th2-associated markers C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11), C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3), IL-4 and IL-13. TLR-2-mediated IL-10 secretion was shown to be required for the reduction in eosinophils and Th2 cytokines. EPS-treatment reduced eosinophil recruitment within the lung in a respiratory inflammation mouse model, which is both TLR-2 and IL-10 mediated. EPS can be considered as a novel molecule potentially reducing the severity of chronic eosinophil-related airway disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schiavi
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,2 Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - S Plattner
- 3 Alimentary Health, Building 4400, Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road Cork, Ireland
| | - N Rodriguez-Perez
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - W Barcik
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - R Frei
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,4 Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - R Ferstl
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,4 Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - M Kurnik-Lucka
- 5 Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. św. Anny 12, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
| | - D Groeger
- 2 Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - R Grant
- 2 Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - J Roper
- 3 Alimentary Health, Building 4400, Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road Cork, Ireland
| | - F Altmann
- 6 BOKU, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - D van Sinderen
- 7 APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Western Road, 1234 AB Cork, Ireland
| | - C A Akdis
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,4 Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - L O'Mahony
- 1 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
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33
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McKenzie C, Tan J, Macia L, Mackay CR. The nutrition-gut microbiome-physiology axis and allergic diseases. Immunol Rev 2018; 278:277-295. [PMID: 28658542 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary and bacterial metabolites influence immune responses. This raises the question whether the increased incidence of allergies, asthma, some autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, and others might relate to intake of unhealthy foods, and the decreased intake of dietary fiber. In recent years, new knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underpinning a 'diet-gut microbiota-physiology axis' has emerged to substantiate this idea. Fiber is fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly acetate, butyrate, and propionate. These metabolites bind 'metabolite-sensing' G-protein-coupled receptors such as GPR43, GPR41, and GPR109A. These receptors play fundamental roles in the promotion of gut homeostasis and the regulation of inflammatory responses. For instance, these receptors and their metabolites influence Treg biology, epithelial integrity, gut homeostasis, DC biology, and IgA antibody responses. The SCFAs also influence gene transcription in many cells and tissues, through their inhibition of histone deacetylase expression or function. Contained in this mix is the gut microbiome, as commensal bacteria in the gut have the necessary enzymes to digest dietary fiber to SCFAs, and dysbiosis in the gut may affect the production of SCFAs and their distribution to tissues throughout the body. SCFAs can epigenetically modify DNA, and so may be one mechanism to account for diseases with a 'developmental origin', whereby in utero or post-natal exposure to environmental factors (such as nutrition of the mother) may account for disease later in life. If the nutrition-gut microbiome-physiology axis does underpin at least some of the Western lifestyle influence on asthma and allergies, then there is tremendous scope to correct this with healthy foodstuffs, probiotics, and prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig McKenzie
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Jian Tan
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Nutritional Immunometabolism Node Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
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34
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Sokolowska M, Frei R, Lunjani N, Akdis CA, O'Mahony L. Microbiome and asthma. Asthma Res Pract 2018; 4:1. [PMID: 29318023 PMCID: PMC5755449 DOI: 10.1186/s40733-017-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucosal immune system is in constant communication with the vast diversity of microbes present on body surfaces. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe communication, have highlighted the important roles played by microbes in influencing mucosal immune responses. Dendritic cells, epithelial cells, ILCs, T regulatory cells, effector lymphocytes, NKT cells and B cells can all be influenced by the microbiome. Many of the mechanisms being described are bacterial strain- or metabolite-specific. Microbial dysbiosis in the gut and the lung is increasingly being associated with the incidence and severity of asthma. More accurate endotyping of patients with asthma may be assisted by further analysis of the composition and metabolic activity of an individual’s microbiome. In addition, the efficacy of specific therapeutics may be influenced by the microbiome and novel bacterial-based therapeutics should be considered in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
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35
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Satitsuksanoa P, Jansen K, Głobińska A, van de Veen W, Akdis M. Regulatory Immune Mechanisms in Tolerance to Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2939. [PMID: 30619299 PMCID: PMC6299021 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral tolerance can develop after frequent exposure to food allergens. Upon ingestion, food is digested into small protein fragments in the gastrointestinal tract. Small food particles are later absorbed into the human body. Interestingly, some of these ingested food proteins can cause allergic immune responses, which can lead to food allergy. So far it has not been completely elucidated how these proteins become immunogenic and cause food allergies. In contrast, oral tolerance helps to prevent the pathologic reactions against different types of food antigens from animal or plant origin. Tolerance to food is mainly acquired by dendritic cells, epithelial cells in the gut, and the gut microbiome. A subset of CD103+ DCs is capable of inducing T regulatory cells (Treg cells) that express anti-inflammatory cytokines. Anergic T cells also contribute to oral tolerance, by reducing the number of effector cells. Similar to Treg cells, B regulatory cells (Breg cells) suppress effector T cells and contribute to the immune tolerance to food allergens. Furthermore, the human microbiome is an essential mediator in the induction of oral tolerance or food allergy. In this review, we outline the current understanding of regulatory immune mechanisms in oral tolerance. The biological changes reflecting early consequences of immune stimulation with food allergens should provide useful information for the development of novel therapeutic treatments.
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36
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Exposure to nonmicrobial N-glycolylneuraminic acid protects farmers' children against airway inflammation and colitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Santiago HDC, Nutman TB. Role in Allergic Diseases of Immunological Cross-Reactivity between Allergens and Homologues of Parasite Proteins. Crit Rev Immunol 2017; 36:1-11. [PMID: 27480900 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2016016545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Implied under the rubric of the hygiene hypothesis is that helminth infection can protect against allergic disease. It is well known that helminths induce processes associated with type 2 immune responses, but they also induce important regulatory responses that can modulate these type 2-associated responses-modulation that influences responses to bystander antigens including allergens. Indeed, most epidemiological studies demonstrate a beneficial effect of helminth infection on atopy, but there are also convincing data to demonstrate that helminth infection can precipitate or worsen allergic inflammation/disease. Reasons for these disparate findings are much debated, but there is a school of thought that suggests that helminth-triggered type 2-associated responses, including IgE to cross-reactive aeroallergens, can offset the regulatory effects imposed by the same organisms. The cross-reactivity among helminths and allergenic tropomyosins dominated the antigen/allergen cross-reactivity field, but recent data suggest that cross-reactivity is much more common than previously appreciated. It has been demonstrated that a high degree of molecular similarity exists between allergens and helminth proteins. Thus, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the response induced by helminth infection and their impact on the induction of allergic disease in the host are critical for designing therapies using iatrogenic infections or parasite products to treat inflammatory diseases and for developing vaccines against helminth parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helton da Costa Santiago
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thomas B Nutman
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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38
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Elbert NJ, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Voortman T, Nijsten TEC, de Jong NW, Jaddoe VWV, de Jongste JC, Gerth van Wijk R, Duijts L, Pasmans SGMA. Allergenic food introduction and risk of childhood atopic diseases. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187999. [PMID: 29176842 PMCID: PMC5703454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of timing and diversity of allergenic food introduction in the development of childhood allergic sensitization and atopic diseases is controversial. OBJECTIVE To examine whether timing and diversity of allergenic food introduction are associated with allergic sensitization, allergy and eczema in children until age 10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study among 5,202 children was performed in a population-based prospective cohort. Timing (age ≤6 months vs. >6 months) and diversity (0, 1, 2 and ≥3 foods) of allergenic food (cow's milk, hen's egg, peanut, tree nuts, soy and gluten) introduction were assessed by questionnaires at ages 6 and 12 months. At age 10 years, inhalant and food allergic sensitization were measured by skin prick tests, and physician-diagnosed inhalant and food allergy by questionnaire. Data on parental-reported physician-diagnosed eczema were obtained from birth until age 10 years. RESULTS Children introduced to gluten at age ≤6 months had a decreased risk of eczema (aOR (95% CI): 0.84 (0.72, 0.99)), compared with children introduced to gluten at age >6 months. However, timing of allergenic food introduction was not associated with allergic sensitization or physician-diagnosed allergy. Children introduced to ≥3 allergenic foods at age ≤6 months had a decreased risk of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy (0.64 (0.42, 0.98)), compared with children not introduced to any allergenic food at age ≤6 months. However, diversity of allergenic food introduction was not associated with allergic sensitization, physician-diagnosed food allergy or eczema. CONCLUSION Neither timing nor diversity of allergenic food introduction was consistently associated with childhood allergic sensitization, allergy or eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J. Elbert
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Global Public Health, Leiden University College, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar E. C. Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette W. de Jong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C. de Jongste
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Gerth van Wijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne G. M. A. Pasmans
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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39
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Immune regulation by histamine and histamine-secreting bacteria. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 48:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Smolinska S, Groeger D, O'Mahony L. Biology of the Microbiome 1: Interactions with the Host Immune Response. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2017; 46:19-35. [PMID: 28164850 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal immune system is intimately connected with the vast diversity of microbes present within the gut and the diversity of food components that are consumed daily. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe-nutrient communication, have highlighted the important roles played by microbes and dietary factors in influencing mucosal immune responses. Dendritic cells, epithelial cells, innate lymphoid cells, T regulatory cells, effector lymphocytes, natural killer T cells, and B cells can all be influenced by the microbiome. Many of the mechanisms being described are bacterial strain or metabolite specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Smolinska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 5, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
| | - David Groeger
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Obere Strasse 22, Davos Platz 7270, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Molecular Immunology, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Obere Strasse 22, Davos Platz 7270, Switzerland.
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Wjst
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen; German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH); Neuherberg Germany
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42
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Zhang J, Su H, Li Q, Wu H, Liu M, Huang J, Zeng M, Zheng Y, Sun X. Oral administration of Clostridium butyricum CGMCC0313-1 inhibits β-lactoglobulin-induced intestinal anaphylaxis in a mouse model of food allergy. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:11. [PMID: 28250847 PMCID: PMC5322677 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Probiotic bacteria can induce immune regulation or immune tolerance in patients with allergic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. There has been a growing interest in the use of beneficial bacteria for allergic diseases recently. This study aimed at exploring whether Clostridium butyricum CGMCC0313-1 (C. butyricum) can reduce β-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced intestinal anaphylaxis in a murine model of food allergy. Methods The preventive and therapeutic effects of oral C. butyricum on anaphylactic symptoms induced via BLG in food allergy mice were investigated. Intestinal anaphylaxis, T helper (Th)-specific cytokines and transcription factors, secretory IgA (sIgA), CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3Treg cell and histopathological alterations were examined. Results Clostridium butyricum significantly ameliorated intestinal anaphylaxis symptoms in the food allergy mice. sIgA and CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3Treg cell were increased by oral C. butyricum. It also reversed the imbalance of Th1/Th2 andTh17/Treg. Conclusions Clostridium butyricum reduces BLG-induced intestinal anaphylaxis in mice and might be an additional or supplementary therapy for food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Geratology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Mengyun Liu
- Respiratory Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036 China
| | - Jianqiong Huang
- Respiratory Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036 China
| | - Minghua Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Yuejie Zheng
- Respiratory Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036 China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
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43
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Wawrzyniak M, O'Mahony L, Akdis M. Role of Regulatory Cells in Oral Tolerance. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017; 9:107-115. [PMID: 28102055 PMCID: PMC5266108 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is continuously exposed to great amounts of different antigens from both food and intestinal microbes. Immune tolerance to these antigens is very important for intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis. Oral tolerance is a specific type of peripheral tolerance induced by exposure to antigen via the oral route. Investigations on the role of intestinal immune system in preventing hypersensitivity reactions to innocuous dietary and microbial antigens have been intensively performed during the last 2 decades. In this review article, we discuss how food allergens are recognized by the intestinal immune system and draw attention to the role of regulatory T (Treg) and B (Breg) cells in the establishment of oral tolerance and tolerogenic features of intestinal dendritic cells. We also emphasize the potential role of tonsils in oral tolerance induction because of their anatomical location, cellular composition, and possible usage to develop novel ways of specific immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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44
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Pugin B, Barcik W, Westermann P, Heider A, Wawrzyniak M, Hellings P, Akdis CA, O’Mahony L. A wide diversity of bacteria from the human gut produces and degrades biogenic amines. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2017; 28:1353881. [PMID: 28959180 PMCID: PMC5614385 DOI: 10.1080/16512235.2017.1353881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Biogenic amines (BAs) are metabolites produced by the decarboxylation of amino acids with significant physiological functions in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. BAs can be produced by bacteria in fermented foods, but little is known concerning the potential for microbes within the human gut microbiota to produce or degrade BAs. Objective: To isolate and identify BA-producing and BA-degrading microbes from the human gastrointestinal tract. Design: Fecal samples from human volunteers were screened on multiple growth media, under multiple growth conditions. Bacterial species were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing and BA production or degradation was assessed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Results: In total, 74 BA-producing or BA-degrading strains were isolated from the human gut. These isolates belong to the genera Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Morganella and Proteus. While differences in production or degradation of specific BAs were observed at the strain level, our results suggest that these metabolic activities are widely spread across different taxa present within the human gut microbiota. Conclusions: The isolation and identification of microbes from the human gut with BA-producing and BA-degrading metabolic activity is an important first step in developing a better understanding of how these metabolites influence health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Pugin
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Weronika Barcik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Westermann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Anja Heider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hellings
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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The Surface-Associated Exopolysaccharide of Bifidobacterium longum 35624 Plays an Essential Role in Dampening Host Proinflammatory Responses and Repressing Local TH17 Responses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:7185-7196. [PMID: 27736791 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02238-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune-modulating properties of certain bifidobacterial strains, such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624 (B. longum 35624), have been well described, although the strain-specific molecular characteristics associated with such immune-regulatory activity are not well defined. It has previously been demonstrated that B. longum 35624 produces a cell surface exopolysaccharide (sEPS), and in this study, we investigated the role played by this exopolysaccharide in influencing the host immune response. B. longum 35624 induced relatively low levels of cytokine secretion from human dendritic cells, whereas an isogenic exopolysaccharide-negative mutant derivative (termed sEPSneg) induced vastly more cytokines, including interleukin-17 (IL-17), and this response was reversed when exopolysaccharide production was restored in sEPSneg by genetic complementation. Administration of B. longum 35624 to mice of the T cell transfer colitis model prevented disease symptoms, whereas sEPSneg did not protect against the development of colitis, with associated enhanced recruitment of IL-17+ lymphocytes to the gut. Moreover, intranasal administration of sEPSneg also resulted in enhanced recruitment of IL-17+ lymphocytes to the murine lung. These data demonstrate that the particular exopolysaccharide produced by B. longum 35624 plays an essential role in dampening proinflammatory host responses to the strain and that loss of exopolysaccharide production results in the induction of local TH17 responses. IMPORTANCE Particular gut commensals, such as B. longum 35624, are known to contribute positively to the development of mucosal immune cells, resulting in protection from inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular basis and mechanisms for these commensal-host interactions are poorly described. In this report, an exopolysaccharide was shown to be decisive in influencing the immune response to the bacterium. We generated an isogenic mutant unable to produce exopolysaccharide and observed that this mutation caused a dramatic change in the response of human immune cells in vitro In addition, the use of mouse models confirmed that lack of exopolysaccharide production induces inflammatory responses to the bacterium. These results implicate the surface-associated exopolysaccharide of the B. longum 35624 cell envelope in the prevention of aberrant inflammatory responses.
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Influence of microbiome and diet on immune responses in food allergy models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 17-18:71-80. [PMID: 29967644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmod.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal immune system is intimately connected with the vast array of microbes present within the gut and the diversity of food components that are consumed daily. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe-nutrient communication, have highlighted the important roles played by microbes and dietary factors in influencing mucosal inflammatory and allergic responses. In this review, we summarize the recent important findings in this field, which are important for food allergy and particularly relevant to animal models of food allergy.
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Zhang Z, Shi L, Pang W, Wang X, Li J, Wang H, Shi G. Is a high-fiber diet able to influence ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model? ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2016; 7:213-222. [PMID: 28683248 PMCID: PMC5244281 DOI: 10.2500/ar.2016.7.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: More recently, a large amount of experimental and clinical discovered that dietary- fiber intake would decrease the susceptibility to allergic airway disease (AAD) and respiratory inflammation. Objective: To investigate whether a fiber-intake supplement is able to influence the induction of AAD and to elucidate the interactive relationship. Methods: AAD model mice and control mice were raised on a fundamental diet with standard 4% fiber content, whereas other mice were fed a 10% fiber-content diet in the high fiber-content group, along with a 25% fiber-content diet instead in very-high fiber-content group. All experimental mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce allergic inflammation in both the upper and lower airways. Hallmarks of AAD were examined in terms of eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell metaplasia in subepithelial mucosa, T-helper type 1 (Th1) to Th2 skewing of the immune response. Furthermore, to elucidate the interrelations, we generated 16S ribosomal DNA from fecal samples and further validated the variation of colony composition in each group. Results: The excessive high-fiber supplement induced a promoting effect rather than a suppressive effect, including a rise in nasal rubbing and sneezing, an increase in eosinophil inflammation and goblet cell metaplasia in subepithelial mucosa, and promoted Th2 skewing of the immune response as well as the production of serum levels of ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E. Moreover, overconsumption of dietary fiber greatly altered the construction of bacterial flora in the intestinal tract, including an increased proportion of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria, and a decreased proportion of Bacteroidetes. Conclusion: Our work indicated that, instead of a protecting impact, excessive fiber intake preformed a negative influence on the induction of AAD. Therefore, we suspected that an excessive supplement of dietary fiber might not be an advisable method for the prevention and treatment of AADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
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Altmann F, Kosma P, O’Callaghan A, Leahy S, Bottacini F, Molloy E, Plattner S, Schiavi E, Gleinser M, Groeger D, Grant R, Rodriguez Perez N, Healy S, Svehla E, Windwarder M, Hofinger A, O’Connell Motherway M, Akdis CA, Xu J, Roper J, van Sinderen D, O’Mahony L. Genome Analysis and Characterisation of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624™. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162983. [PMID: 27656878 PMCID: PMC5033381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bifibobacterium longum subsp. longum35624™ strain (formerly named Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis) is a well described probiotic with clinical efficacy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome clinical trials and induces immunoregulatory effects in mice and in humans. This paper presents (a) the genome sequence of the organism allowing the assignment to its correct subspeciation longum; (b) a comparative genome assessment with other B. longum strains and (c) the molecular structure of the 35624 exopolysaccharide (EPS624). Comparative genome analysis of the 35624 strain with other B. longum strains determined that the sub-speciation of the strain is longum and revealed the presence of a 35624-specific gene cluster, predicted to encode the biosynthetic machinery for EPS624. Following isolation and acid treatment of the EPS, its chemical structure was determined using gas and liquid chromatography for sugar constituent and linkage analysis, electrospray and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for sequencing and NMR. The EPS consists of a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit containing two galactose and two glucose moieties, galacturonic acid and the unusual sugar 6-deoxy-L-talose. These data demonstrate that the B. longum35624 strain has specific genetic features, one of which leads to the generation of a characteristic exopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Kosma
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy O’Callaghan
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sinead Leahy
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesca Bottacini
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Evelyn Molloy
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Elisa Schiavi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marita Gleinser
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ray Grant
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Noelia Rodriguez Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabeth Svehla
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Hofinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jun Xu
- Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | | | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Barcik W, Pugin B, Westermann P, Perez NR, Ferstl R, Wawrzyniak M, Smolinska S, Jutel M, Hessel EM, Michalovich D, Akdis CA, Frei R, O'Mahony L. Histamine-secreting microbes are increased in the gut of adult asthma patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1491-1494.e7. [PMID: 27576125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Barcik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Pugin
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Westermann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Noelia Rodriguez Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sylwia Smolinska
- Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Clinical Immunology and ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Jutel
- Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Clinical Immunology and ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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Histamine Receptor 2 is Required to Suppress Innate Immune Responses to Bacterial Ligands in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:1575-86. [PMID: 27271490 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histamine is a key immunoregulatory mediator in immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions and chronic inflammatory responses, in particular histamine suppresses proinflammatory responses to bacterial ligands, through histamine receptor 2 (H2R). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of histamine and H2R on bacteria-induced inflammatory responses in patients with IBD. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from patients with Crohn's disease, patients with ulcerative colitis, and healthy controls. PBMC histamine receptor expression was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cytokine secretion following Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4, TLR-5, or TLR-9 stimulation in the presence or absence of histamine or famotidine (H2R antagonist) was quantified. Biopsy histamine receptor gene expression was evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The in vivo role of H2R was evaluated in the T-cell transfer murine colitis model. RESULTS The percentage of circulating H2R monocytes was significantly reduced in patients with IBD. Histamine effectively suppressed TLR-induced cytokine secretion from healthy volunteer PBMCs but not for PBMCs from patients with IBD. Famotidine reversed this suppressive effect. H1R, H2R, and H4R gene expression was increased in inflamed gastrointestinal mucosa compared with noninflamed mucosa from the same patient and expression levels correlated with proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. Mice receiving lymphocytes from H2R donors, or treated with famotidine, displayed more severe weight loss, higher disease scores and increased numbers of mucosal IFN-γ and IL-17 T cells. CONCLUSION Patients with IBD display dysregulated expression of histamine receptors, with diminished anti-inflammatory effects associated with H2R signaling. Deliberate manipulation of H2R signaling may suppress excessive TLR responses to bacteria within the gut.
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