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Liu X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Shan C, Guo Y, Gong X, Cui M, Li X, Tang M. Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:833-845. [PMID: 37843219 PMCID: PMC10664138 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota's diverse microorganisms, and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, we discuss the role of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinglu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiubin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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2
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Chen H, Su D, Guo Y, Chen C, Chen S, Zhang S, Ding Y, Li M, Tong G, Zeng G. Effects of the Chinese heart-healthy diet (Sichuan cuisine) on lowering blood pressure in adults with hypertension: a randomized controlled feeding trial. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2024; 33:11-22. [PMID: 38494683 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.202403_33(1).0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sichuan cuisine is characterized by high salt and oil content. We aimed to evaluate the effects of the Sichuan cuisine version of Chinese heart-healthy diet (CHH diet-SC) on blood pressure reduction among hypertensive adults. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN The Chinese heart-healthy diet (CHH) trial was a multicenter randomized controlled feeding trial among Chinese hypertensive people. We conducted a secondary analysis of the CHH trial using data from the Sichuan center in Southwest China. Fifty-three people aged 25 to 75 years with a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 130 and 159 mmHg were enrolled. Eligible participants underwent a 1-week run-in period with the typical local diet and were randomized 1:1 to consume the CHH diet-SC (n=27) or typical local diet (n=26) for the next 4-week. The primary outcome was the net change in SBP, the secondary outcomes included diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the rate of BP control. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the CHH diet-SC decreased cooking salt, oil, and red meat content and increased inclusion of whole grains, fruits, seafood, low-fat dairy, soybean, and nuts; the SBP experienced reductions of 7.54, 8.60, 9.14, and 10.1 mmHg at the end of weeks 1 through 4; the DBP was reduced 4.01 mmHg at week 4; the MAP was significantly reduced 6.02 mmHg finally; and rate of BP control significantly increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adoption of the CHH diet-SC for 4 weeks can significantly reduce BP and increase the rate of BP control in hypertensive adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danping Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yishan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanxi Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Guo Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Simão DO, Vieira VS, Tosatti JAG, Gomes KB. Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and the Complex Relationship with Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4661. [PMID: 37960314 PMCID: PMC10649859 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a multifactorial, progressive, and chronic neurodegenerative disorder associated with the aging process. Memory deficits, cognitive impairment, and motor dysfunction are characteristics of AD. It is estimated that, by 2050, 131.5 million people will have AD. There is evidence that the gastrointestinal microbiome and diet may contribute to the development of AD or act preventively. Communication between the brain and the intestine occurs through immune cells in the mucosa and endocrine cells, or via the vagus nerve. Aging promotes intestinal dysbiosis, characterized by an increase in pro-inflammatory pathogenic bacteria and a reduction in anti-inflammatory response-mediating bacteria, thus contributing to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage, ultimately leading to cognitive decline. Therefore, the microbiota-gut-brain axis has a significant impact on neurodegenerative disorders. Lipids may play a preventive or contributory role in the development of AD. High consumption of saturated and trans fats can increase cortisol release and lead to other chronic diseases associated with AD. Conversely, low levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Unlike other studies, this review aims to describe, in an integrative way, the interaction between the gastrointestinal microbiome, lipids, and AD, providing valuable insights into how the relationship between these factors affects disease progression, contributing to prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Oliveira Simão
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Professor Alfredo Balena Avenue, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil;
| | - Vitoria Silva Vieira
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Professor Alfredo Balena Avenue, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil;
| | - Jéssica Abdo Gonçalves Tosatti
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyzes, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Presidente Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Professor Alfredo Balena Avenue, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil;
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyzes, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Presidente Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
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Yee-Moon Wang A, Kistler BM, Lambert K, Sumida K, Moore LW, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Nutrition and Metabolism for Kidney Health and Disease Management: 45 years of Development and Future Directions Under the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism. J Ren Nutr 2023; 33:S1-S5. [PMID: 37683983 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Yee-Moon Wang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Brandon M Kistler
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Kelly Lambert
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keiichi Sumida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Linda W Moore
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
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Kim DS, Park S. Interactions between Polygenetic Variants and Lifestyle Factors in Hypothyroidism: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3850. [PMID: 37686882 PMCID: PMC10490100 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is a prevalent endocrine disorder and is associated with a variety of metabolic disturbances. This study aimed to investigate the polygenic variants associated with hypothyroidism risk and the interaction of polygenic risk scores (PRS) with dietary patterns in influencing disease risk in 56,664 participants aged >40 in a hospital-based cohort. The participants were classified as having hypothyroidism (n = 870) diagnosed by a physician and no hypothyroidism (n = 55,794). Genetic variants associated with hypothyroidism were identified using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Genetic variants interacting with each other were selected using a generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, and the PRS generated was evaluated for interaction with lifestyle parameters. Coffee, alcohol, meat intake, and a Korean balanced diet were inversely associated with hypothyroidism risk, as were selenium, copper, and manganese intakes. White blood cell (WBC) counts and serum alkaline phosphatase and triglyceride concentrations were positively associated with hypothyroidism risk, as were osteoporosis and thyroid cancer. The GMDR analysis generated a three-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) model comprising dual oxidase-1 (DUOX1)_rs1648314; thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR)_rs75664963; and major histocompatibility complex, class-II, DQ Alpha-1 (HLA-DQA1)_rs17426593. The PRS derived from the three- and seven-SNP models were associated with a 2.11- and 2.32-fold increase in hypothyroidism risk, respectively. Furthermore, the PRS from the three-SNP model showed interactions with WBC counts, wherein the positive association with hypothyroidism risk was more pronounced in participants with low WBC counts than those with high WBC counts (≥4 × 109 /L). Dietary patterns, such as the plant-based diet (PBD) and the Western-style diet (WSD), along with smoking status, exhibited interactions with the PRS, influencing hypothyroidism risk. In participants with a high PRS, those in the high-PBD, low-WSD, and smoker groups had a higher proportion of hypothyroidism than those in the low-PBD, high-WSD, and non-smoker groups. In conclusion, genetic variants related to immunity and thyroid hormone secretion were linked to hypothyroidism risk, and their PRS interacted with PBD and WSD intake and smoking status. These results contribute to a better understanding of hypothyroidism and its prevention strategies for precision medicine intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea;
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Dan L, Yuan S, Ruan X, Sun Y, Fu T, Chen J, Li X. Higher Adherence to Cardioprotective Diet is Associated with Reduced Risk of Enterotomy and All-Cause Mortality among 5549 Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Prospective Cohort Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:2291-2297. [PMID: 37354980 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardioprotective diet has been previously reported to be inversely associated with the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but whether it is beneficial to improve adverse outcomes in IBD remains unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate whether the cardioprotective diet is associated with enterotomy and all-cause mortality among individuals with IBD. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 5549 participants with IBD from the UK Biobank. Cardioprotective diet scores (range 0-7) were calculated based on the consumption of 7 common food groups collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Outcomes of interest were enterotomy and all-cause mortality, ascertained via inpatient data and death registry, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS During an average follow-up duration of 12.0 y, we documented 506 enterotomy and 566 death events. Compared with participants with the lowest adherence to the cardioprotective diet (score of 0-2), participants with the highest adherence to the cardioprotective diet (score of 5-7) were observed to have a lower risk of enterotomy (HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.76; P < 0.001; P-trend < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.98; P = 0.031; P-trend = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS A greater adherence to the cardioprotective diet is associated with a lower risk of enterotomy and all-cause mortality among individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Dan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xixian Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Winter HG, Rolnik DL, Mol BWJ, Torkel S, Alesi S, Mousa A, Habibi N, Silva TR, Oi Cheung T, Thien Tay C, Quinteros A, Grieger JA, Moran LJ. Can Dietary Patterns Impact Fertility Outcomes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112589. [PMID: 37299551 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There are conflicting results on the effect of diet on fertility. This study aimed to assess the effect of different dietary patterns on fertility outcomes in populations who conceive spontaneously and those requiring assisted reproductive technology (ART). A systematic search and meta-analysis were performed for studies investigating dietary patterns or whole diets in reproductive aged women requiring ART or conceived naturally. Outcomes were live births, pregnancy rates and infertility rates. In amount of 15,396 studies were screened with 11 eligible studies. Ten different diet patterns were grouped broadly into categories: Mediterranean, Healthy or Unhealthy. For the Mediterranean diet, on excluding high risk-of-bias studies (n = 3), higher adherence was associated with improved live birth/pregnancy rates in ART [OR 1.91 (95% CI 1.14-3.19, I2 43%)] (n = 2). Adherence to various Healthy diets was associated with improved ART outcomes (ProFertility diet and Dutch Dietary Guidelines) and natural conception outcomes (Fertility diet). However, due to the variability in Healthy diets' components, results were not pooled. Studies demonstrated preliminary evidence for the role of dietary patterns or whole diets in improving pregnancy and live birth rates. However, due to heterogeneity across the literature it is currently unclear which diet patterns are associated with improvements in fertility and ART outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo G Winter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ben W J Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Aberdeen Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Sophia Torkel
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Simon Alesi
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nahal Habibi
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Thais R Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil
| | - Tin Oi Cheung
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Chau Thien Tay
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Alejandra Quinteros
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jessica A Grieger
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Ramiro-Cortijo D, Singh P, Herranz Carrillo G, Gila-Díaz A, Martín-Cabrejas MA, Martin CR, Arribas SM. Association of maternal body composition and diet on breast milk hormones and neonatal growth during the first month of lactation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1090499. [PMID: 36936154 PMCID: PMC10018215 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1090499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preterm birth is associated with altered growth patterns and an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases, with breast milk (BM) being a counteracting factor. Preterm infants also show alterations in adipokines and gut hormones influencing appetite and metabolism. Since these hormones are present in BM, it is possible that their levels may equilibrate deficiencies improving infant growth. We aimed to assess 1) the BM levels of ghrelin, resistin, leptin, insulin, peptide YY, and the gastrointestinal peptide in women with preterm and term labor; 2) the relationship between BM hormones and neonatal growth; and 3) the influence of maternal body composition and diet on these BM hormones. METHODS BM from 48 women (30 term and 18 preterm labor) was collected at days 7, 14, and 28 of lactation. Maternal body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance, and neonate anthropometric parameters were collected from medical records. The maternal dietary pattern was assessed by a 72-h dietary recall at days 7 and 28 of lactation. BM hormones were analyzed by the U-Plex Ultra-sensitive method. Data were analyzed using linear regression models. BM from women with preterm labor had lower ghrelin levels, with the other hormones being significantly higher compared to women with term delivery. RESULTS In premature infants, growth was positively associated with BM ghrelin, while, in term infants, it was positively associated with insulin and negatively with peptide YY. In the first week of lactation, women with preterm labor had higher body fat compared to women with term labor. In this group, ghrelin levels were positively associated with maternal body fat and with fiber and protein intake. In women with term labor, no associations between anthropometric parameters and BM hormones were found, and fiber intake was negatively associated with peptide YY. DISCUSSION Preterm labor is a factor influencing the levels of BM adipokines and gut hormones, with BM ghrelin being a relevant hormone for premature infant growth. Since ghrelin is lower in BM from women with preterm labor and the levels are associated with maternal fat storage and some dietary components, our data support the importance to monitor diet and body composition in women who gave birth prematurely to improve the BM hormonal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ramiro-Cortijo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios de la Mujer (IUEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pratibha Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gloria Herranz Carrillo
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Gila-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A. Martín-Cabrejas
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigación Científica (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Camilia R. Martin
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Silvia M. Arribas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios de la Mujer (IUEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Silvia M. Arribas,
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Cornelis MC, Agarwal P, Holland TM, van Dam RM. MIND Dietary Pattern and Its Association with Cognition and Incident Dementia in the UK Biobank. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010032. [PMID: 36615690 PMCID: PMC9823700 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A high adherence to the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) has been associated with better cognition and a lower risk of dementia in some but not all studies. We measured adherence to MIND and its association with cognitive health in the UK Biobank (UKB). A MIND score was derived from 24 h diet recall questionnaires for 120,661 participants who completed at least one of seven self-administered cognitive function tests. In a subset of 78,663 participants aged 55+, diagnosis of dementia was determined by linked hospital and death records. Multivariable regression and Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) models were used to examine associations of MIND with cognitive ability and incident dementia. Higher adherence to MIND was associated with a small but significant worsening in performance on five of seven cognitive tests (p < 0.002). Associations were strongest among highly educated participants (p < 0.002 for MIND × education interaction). After a mean follow-up time of 10.5 years, 842 participants developed dementia. Overall, MIND adherence was not associated with incident dementia. An inverse association was observed among females (HR = 0.87 per score standard deviation (SD), p = 0.008) but not males (HR = 1.09, p = 0.11) (p = 0.008 for MIND × sex interaction). Similar associations with cognitive ability and dementia were observed for the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) dietary pattern. Associations were not modified by genetic susceptibility. In UKB, the MIND diet was not associated with better cognitive test scores and only with lower dementia risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C. Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Thomas M. Holland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rob M. van Dam
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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Hsiao HT, Ma MC, Chang HI, Lin CH, Hsu SW, Huang SH, Lee CC, Huang CW, Chang CC. Cognitive Decline Related to Diet Pattern and Nutritional Adequacy in Alzheimer's Disease Using Surface-Based Morphometry. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245300. [PMID: 36558459 PMCID: PMC9784891 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary pattern (DP) results in nutrition adequacy and may influence cognitive decline and cortical atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study explored DP in 248 patients with AD. Two neurobehavioral assessments (intervals 13.4 months) and two cortical thickness measurements derived from magnetic resonance images (intervals 26.5 months) were collected as outcome measures. Reduced rank regression was used to assess the groups of DPs and a linear mixed-effect model to explore the cortical neurodegenerative patterns. At screening, underweight body mass index (BMI) was related to significant higher lipid profile, impaired cognitive function, smaller cortical thickness, lower protein DP factor loading scores and the non-spouse caregiver status. Higher mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores were related to the DP of coffee/tea, compared to the lipid/sugar or protein DP group. The underweighted-BMI group had faster cortical thickness atrophy in the pregenual and lateral temporal cortex, while the correlations between cortical thickness degeneration and high HbA1C or low B12 and folate levels were localized in the medial and lateral prefrontal cortex. The predictive model suggested that factors related to MMSE score were related to the caregiver status. In conclusion, normal or overweight BMI, coffee/tea DP group and living with a spouse were considered as protective factors for better cognitive outcomes in patients with AD. The influence of glucose, B12 and folate on the cortical degeneration was spatially distinct from the pattern of AD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tsen Hsiao
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan 700007, Taiwan
| | - Mi-Chia Ma
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Data Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan
- Bachelor Program in Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chang Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chih Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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11
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Rowe S, Tukun AB, Johnson LK, Love DC, Belury MA, Conrad Z. Consumption of Key Food Groups by Individuals Consuming Popular Diet Patterns: Mixed Effects of Replacing Foods High in Added Sugar, Sodium, Saturated Fat, and Refined Grains. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245226. [PMID: 36558385 PMCID: PMC9783956 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults in the United States are increasingly following 'popular' diet patterns that restrict food groups, macronutrients, or eating time. However, the intake of food groups associated with these diet patterns has not been well characterized. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the mean intake of food groups among consumers of popular diet patterns in the US, and (2) model the effect of targeted food substitutions on the intake of food groups. Data were acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018 (n = 34,411). A diet model was developed to assess the effects of replacing one serving each of foods highest in added sugar, sodium, saturated fat, and refined grains with healthy alternatives on the intake of key food groups for each diet pattern. Modeled replacement resulted in increased intake of fruit and whole grains and decreased intake of dairy for most diet patterns, while the effects on the intake of vegetables, protein foods, and oils were variable across diet patterns. The complexity of the natural eating environment, in which many people consume mixed dishes that include both healthy and less healthy ingredients, produces a challenge for health professionals when providing dietary counseling. Nevertheless, this substitution approach may help improve adherence to dietary guidelines, especially if used as a steppingstone for further dietary improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rowe
- College of Arts & Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
| | - Avonti Basak Tukun
- Program of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | | | - David C. Love
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Martha A. Belury
- Program of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | - Zach Conrad
- Department of Kinesiology, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
- Global Research Institute, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-757-221-2037
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12
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Bresser LRF, de Goffau MC, Levin E, Nieuwdorp M. Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Health with a Special Focus on Specific Bacterial Clusters. Cells 2022; 11:3091. [PMID: 36231053 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Health is influenced by how the gut microbiome develops as a result of external and internal factors, such as nutrition, the environment, medication use, age, sex, and genetics. Alpha and beta diversity metrics and (enterotype) clustering methods are commonly employed to perform population studies and to analyse the effects of various treatments, yet, with the continuous development of (new) sequencing technologies, and as various omics fields as a result become more accessible for investigation, increasingly sophisticated methodologies are needed and indeed being developed in order to disentangle the complex ways in which the gut microbiome and health are intertwined. Diseases of affluence, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), are commonly linked to species associated with the Bacteroides enterotype(s) and a decline of various (beneficial) complex microbial trophic networks, which are in turn linked to the aforementioned factors. In this review, we (1) explore the effects that some of the most common internal and external factors have on the gut microbiome composition and how these in turn relate to T2D and CVD, and (2) discuss research opportunities enabled by and the limitations of some of the latest technical developments in the microbiome sector, including the use of artificial intelligence (AI), strain tracking, and peak to trough ratios.
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13
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Fu T, Ye S, Sun Y, Dan L, Wang X, Chen J. Greater Adherence to Cardioprotective Diet Can Reduce Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194058. [PMID: 36235711 PMCID: PMC9573093 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The cardioprotective diet was reported to be associated with several chronic cardiometabolic diseases through an anti-inflammation effect. However, the association between the cardioprotective diet and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was unclear and deserved to be further explored. Methods: We calculated the cardioprotective diet score based on the consumptions of seven common food groups using the validated food frequency questionnaire data in the UK Biobank. Incident IBD was ascertained from primary care data, inpatient data, and the death registry. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between the cardioprotective diet score and the risk of IBD. Results: During a mean follow-up of 12.1 years, we documented 2717 incident IBD cases, including 851 cases of Crohn’s disease and 1866 cases of ulcerative colitis. Compared to participants with a cardioprotective diet score of 0−1, we observed a decreased risk of IBD among participants with cardioprotective diet scores of 3 (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73−0.99), 4 (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.72−0.98), and 5−7 (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.66−0.89) (p-trend < 0.001). Conclusions: A greater adherence to the cardioprotective diet was associated with a lower risk of IBD. Our finding highlighted the importance of focusing on the cardioprotective diet to prevent IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shuyu Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Center for Global Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lintao Dan
- Center for Global Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China
- Center for Global Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (J.C.)
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14
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Trakman GL, Lin WYY, Hamilton AL, Wilson-O’Brien AL, Stanley A, Ching JY, Yu J, Mak JWY, Sun Y, Niu J, Miao Y, Lin X, Feng R, Chen M, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Morrison M, Ng SC, Kamm MA. Processed Food as a Risk Factor for the Development and Perpetuation of Crohn's Disease-The ENIGMA Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173627. [PMID: 36079885 PMCID: PMC9460819 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Developing countries have experienced a rapid recent rise in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) incidence and emerging evidence suggests processed foods and food additives may predispose one to the development and perpetuation of Crohn’s disease (CD). The aim of this study was to evaluate processed food and food additive intake in CD patients and controls, in Australia (high CD incidence), Hong Kong (intermediate incidence) and mainland China (emerging incidence). (2) Methods: In 274 CD patients (CD), 82 first-degree relatives (FDR), 83 household members (HM) and 92 healthy unrelated controls (HC) from Australia (n = 180), Hong Kong (HK) (n = 160) and mainland China (n = 191) we estimated early life (0–18 years), recent (12 months), and current processed and food additive intake, using validated questionnaires and a 3-day-food diary. (3) Results: Early life processed food intake: Combining all regions, CD were more likely to have consumed soft drinks and fast foods than HM, more likely to have consumed processed fruit and snacks than their FDR, and more likely to have consumed a range of processed foods than HC. HK and China CD patients were more likely to have consumed a range of processed foods than HC. Recent food-additive intake (12-months): Combining all regions, CD patients had significantly higher intakes of aspartame and sucralose, and polysorbate-80, than HC, and more total emulsifiers, artificial sweeteners, and titanium dioxide than FDR and HC. HK and China CD patients had a higher intake of almost all food additives than all controls. Current additive intake (3-days): Australian and HK CD patients had higher total food-additive intake than FDR, and HK CD patients had a higher intake of total food-additives and emulsifiers than HM. (4) Conclusions: CD patients have been exposed to more processed food and food additives than control groups, which may predispose them to CD development and ongoing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina L. Trakman
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Winnie Y. Y. Lin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy L. Hamilton
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
| | - Amy L. Wilson-O’Brien
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
| | - Annalise Stanley
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
| | - Jessica Y. Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joyce W. Y. Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Junkun Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norman J Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - James R. Hebert
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norman J Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Mark Morrison
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael A Kamm
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3 9417-5064
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15
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Conrad Z, Kowalski C, Dustin D, Johnson LK, McDowell A, Salesses M, Nance J, Belury MA. Quality of Popular Diet Patterns in the United States: Evaluating the Effect of Substitutions for Foods High in Added Sugar, Sodium, Saturated Fat, and Refined Grains. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac119. [PMID: 36105765 PMCID: PMC9464903 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many Americans have adopted popular diet patterns for general health improvement that restrict specific foods, macronutrients, or eating time. However, there is limited evidence to characterize the quality of these diet patterns. Objectives This study 1) evaluated the quality of popular diet patterns in the United States and 2) modeled the effect of targeted food substitutions on diet quality. Methods Dietary data from 34,411 adults ≥20 y old were acquired from the NHANES, 2005-2018. Dietary intake was assessed using the National Cancer Institute's usual intake methodology, and the Healthy Eating Index-2015 was used to evaluate diet quality. A diet model was used to evaluate the effect of targeted food substitutions on diet quality. Results A pescatarian diet pattern had the highest diet quality (65.2; 95% CI: 64.0, 66.4), followed by vegetarian (63.0; 95% CI: 62.0, 64.0), low-grain (62.0; 95% CI: 61.6, 62.4), restricted-carbohydrate (56.9; 95% CI: 56.6, 57.3), time-restricted (55.2; 95% CI: 54.8, 55.5), and high-protein (51.8; 95% CI: 51.0, 62.7) diet patterns. Modeled replacement of ≤3 daily servings of foods highest in added sugar, sodium, saturated fat, and refined grains with alternative foods led to an increase in diet quality and a decrease in energy intake for most diet patterns. Conclusions Low diet quality was observed for all popular diet patterns evaluated in this study. Modeled dietary shifts that align with recommendations to choose foods lower in added sugar, sodium, saturated fat, and refined grains led to modest improvements in diet quality and larger reductions of energy intake. Greater efforts are needed to encourage the adoption of dietary patterns that emphasize consumption of a variety of high-quality food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Conrad
- Department of Kinesiology, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
- Global Research Institute, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Corina Kowalski
- College of Arts & Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Dakota Dustin
- Program of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Acree McDowell
- College of Arts & Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Julie Nance
- Department of Kinesiology, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Martha A Belury
- Program of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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16
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Vu THT, Beck T, Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Hayden KM, Shadyab AH, Rajan KB, Morris MC, Cornelis MC. Adherence to MIND Diet, Genetic Susceptibility, and Incident Dementia in Three US Cohorts. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 35807939 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherence to Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) may lower the risk of dementia by impacting immunity and cholesterol, which are pathways also implicated by genome-wide association studies of Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD). We examined whether adherence to the MIND diet could modify the association of genetic risk for AD with incident dementia. We used three ongoing US cohorts: Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP, n = 2449), Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP, n = 725), and Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS, n = 5308). Diagnosis of dementia was based on clinical neurological examination and standardized criteria. Repeated measures of global cognitive function were available in MAP and CHAP. Self-reported adherence to MIND was estimated using food-frequency questionnaires. Global and pathway-specific genetic scores (GS) for AD were derived. Cox proportional hazard, logistic regression, and mixed models were used to examine associations of MIND, GS, and GS-MIND interactions with incident dementia and cognitive decline. Higher adherence to MIND and lower GS were associated with a lower risk of dementia in MAP and WHIMS and a slower rate of cognitive decline in MAP (p < 0.05). MIND or GS were not associated with incident dementia or cognitive decline in CHAP. No gene−diet interaction was replicated across cohorts. Genetic risk and MIND adherence are independently associated with dementia among older US men and women.
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17
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Kable ME, Chin EL, Storms D, Lemay DG, Stephensen CB. Tree-Based Analysis of Dietary Diversity Captures Associations Between Fiber Intake and Gut Microbiota Composition in a Healthy US Adult Cohort. J Nutr 2022; 152:779-788. [PMID: 34958387 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet patterns are a significant and modifiable contributing factor to the composition of the human gut microbiota. OBJECTIVES We set out to identify reproducible relationships between diet and gut microbial community composition in a diverse, healthy US adult cohort. METHODS We collected 2 to 3 automated self-administered 24-hour dietary recalls over 10-14 days, together with a single stool sample, from 343 healthy adults in a cross-sectional phenotyping study. This study examined a multi-ethnic cohort balanced for age (18-65 years), sex, and BMI (18.5-45 kg/m2). Dietary data were edited to a tree format according to published methods. The tree structure was annotated with the average total grams of dry weight, fat, protein, carbohydrate, or fiber from each food item reported. The alpha and beta diversity measurements, calculated using the tree structure, were analyzed relative to the microbial community diversity, determined by a Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) 2 analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA V4 region, sequenced from stool samples. K-means clustering was used to form groups of individuals consuming similar diets, and gut microbial communities were compared among groups using differential expression analysis for sequence count data. RESULTS The alpha diversity of diet dry weight was significantly correlated with the gut microbial community alpha diversity (r = 0.171). The correlation improved when diet was characterized using grams of carbohydrates (r = 0.186) or fiber (r = 0.213). Bifidobacterium was enriched with diets containing higher levels of total carbohydrate from cooked grains. Lachnospira, was enriched with diet patterns containing high consumption of fiber from fruits excluding berries. CONCLUSIONS The tree structure, annotated with grams of carbohydrate, is a robust analysis method for comparing self-reported diet to the gut microbial community composition. This method identified consumption of fiber from fruit robustly associated with an abundance of pectinolytic bacterial genus, Lachnospira, in the guts of healthy adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02367287.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Kable
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Elizabeth L Chin
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
| | - David Storms
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
| | - Danielle G Lemay
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
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18
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Wickman BE, Enkhmaa B, Ridberg R, Romero E, Cadeiras M, Meyers F, Steinberg F. Dietary Management of Heart Failure: DASH Diet and Precision Nutrition Perspectives. Nutrients 2021; 13:4424. [PMID: 34959976 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major health care burden increasing in prevalence over time. Effective, evidence-based interventions for HF prevention and management are needed to improve patient longevity, symptom control, and quality of life. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet interventions can have a positive impact for HF patients. However, the absence of a consensus for comprehensive dietary guidelines and for pragmatic evidence limits the ability of health care providers to implement clinical recommendations. The refinement of medical nutrition therapy through precision nutrition approaches has the potential to reduce the burden of HF, improve clinical care, and meet the needs of diverse patients. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence related to HF dietary recommendations including DASH diet nutritional interventions and to develop initial recommendations for DASH diet implementation in outpatient HF management. Articles involving human studies were obtained using the following search terms: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet), diet pattern, diet, metabolism, and heart failure. Only full-text articles written in English were included in this review. As DASH nutritional interventions have been proposed, limitations of these studies are the small sample size and non-randomization of interventions, leading to less reliable evidence. Randomized controlled interventions are needed to offer definitive evidence related to the use of the DASH diet in HF management.
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Di Fusco SA, Spinelli A, Castello L, Mocini E, Gulizia MM, Oliva F, Gabrielli D, Imperoli G, Colivicchi F. Impact of Working from Home on Cardiovascular Health: An Emerging Issue with the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182211882. [PMID: 34831636 PMCID: PMC8621324 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mandatory working from home is one of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for a large number of workers. Transition to working from home may significantly impact lifestyle, psychosocial status, and the overall health of workers. This review summarizes available data about the effects of lockdown measures, particularly working from home, on cardiovascular risk factors including sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet pattern, psychological distress, smoking, alcohol misuse, and cardiometabolic parameters. Finally, we suggest countermeasures that can attenuate the negative health impact of working from home. Indeed, timely and tailored interventions implemented by companies in cooperation with the health care system could allow workers to benefit more from some of the advantages associated with working from home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Angela Di Fusco
- Clinical and Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Martinotti Street 20, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (L.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-33061
| | - Antonella Spinelli
- Clinical and Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Martinotti Street 20, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Castello
- Clinical and Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Martinotti Street 20, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (L.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Edoardo Mocini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michele Massimo Gulizia
- Cardiology Division, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy;
- ANMCO Heart Care Foundation, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Oliva
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milano, Italy;
| | - Domenico Gabrielli
- Cardiology/CCU Unit, Cardiovascular Department, San Camillo Hospital, 00152 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Imperoli
- Medicine Unit, Emergency Department, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Furio Colivicchi
- Clinical and Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Martinotti Street 20, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (L.C.); (F.C.)
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Xie A, Song J, Lu S, Liu Y, Tang L, Wen S. Influence of Diet on the Effect of the Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei in Rats Suffering From Allergic Asthma. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:737622. [PMID: 34659167 PMCID: PMC8516095 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.737622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that probiotics can be used to treat allergic asthma by modulating the gut microbiota, and that the effects of probiotics may be influenced by environmental factors such as diet. We conducted a rat model with allergic asthma (AA) modulated by Lactobacillus paracasei, feeding up with high-fat or high-fiber diets based on collecting data from 85 questionnaires. The systemic proinflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA and the overall structure of fecal microbiota was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed consumption of a high-fiber diet alleviated the allergic symptoms and airway inflammation, and led to improving the imbalance of T-helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 cells with increased expression of interferon-γ and decreased expression of interleukin-4. Whereas, the high-fat diet had deteriorating implications and skewed the inflammatory perturbation. Furthermore, abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes, families Muribaculaceae, Tannerellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Enterococcaceae, genera Allobaculum, Parabacteroides, and Enterococcus were enriched in L. paracasei-modulating rats fed with high-fiber diet. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae, genera Blautia, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, unidentified_Clostridiales and Oscillibacter were in relatively high abundance in the rats administered high-fat diet. Association between changed microbiota and inflammatory cytokines was also conferred. These data indicated that the efficacy of L. paracasei in allergic asthma was influenced by different dietary patterns. Hence, diet is important for probiotic therapy when managing allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Xie
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaping Song
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinhui Liu
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shu Wen
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Ma Y, Fu Y, Tian Y, Gou W, Miao Z, Yang M, Ordovás JM, Zheng JS. Individual Postprandial Glycemic Responses to Diet in n-of-1 Trials: Westlake N-of-1 Trials for Macronutrient Intake (WE-MACNUTR). J Nutr 2021; 151:3158-3167. [PMID: 34255080 PMCID: PMC8485912 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of different types and quantities of macronutrients on human health has been controversial, and the individual response to dietary macronutrient intake needs more investigation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to use an 'n-of-1' study design to investigate the individual variability in postprandial glycemic response when eating diets with different macronutrient distributions among apparently healthy adults. METHODS Thirty apparently healthy young Chinese adults (women, 68%) aged between 22 and 34 y, with BMI between 17.2 and 31.9 kg/m2, were provided with high-fat, low-carbohydrate (HF-LC, 60-70% fat, 15-25% carbohydrate, 15% protein, of total energy) and low-fat, high-carbohydrate (LF-HC, 10-20% fat, 65-75% carbohydrate, 15% protein) diets, for 6 d wearing continuous glucose monitoring systems, respectively, in a randomized sequence, interspersed by a 6-d wash-out period. Three cycles were conducted. The primary outcomes were the differences of maximum postprandial glucose (MPG), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and AUC24 between intervention periods of LF-HC and HF-LC diets. A Bayesian model was used to predict responders with the posterior probability of any 1 of the 3 outcomes reaching a clinically meaningful difference. RESULTS Twenty-eight participants were included in the analysis. Posterior probability of reaching a clinically meaningful difference of MPG (0.167 mmol/L), MAGE (0.072 mmol/L), and AUC24 (13.889 mmol/L·h) between LF-HC and HF-LC diets varied among participants, and those with posterior probability >80% were identified as high-carbohydrate responders (n = 9) or high-fat responders (n = 6). Analyses of the Bayesian-aggregated n-of-1 trials among all participants showed a relatively low posterior probability of reaching a clinically meaningful difference of the 3 outcomes between LF-HC and HF-LC diets. CONCLUSIONS N-of-1 trials are feasible to characterize personal response to dietary intervention in young Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanglong Gou
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zelei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - José M Ordovás
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Thorpe DL, Beeson WL, Knutsen R, Fraser GE, Knutsen SF. Dietary patterns and hip fracture in the Adventist Health Study 2: combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation mitigate increased hip fracture risk among vegans. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:488-495. [PMID: 33964850 PMCID: PMC8435998 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns regarding the adequacy of vegetarian diets with respect to fracture risk continue. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the influence of 5 previously defined dietary patterns on hip fracture risk and whether this association is modified by concomitant calcium and vitamin D supplementation. METHODS The Adventist Health Study 2 is a prospective cohort study in which participants were enrolled during 2002-2007; proportional hazards regression analyses were used to estimate fracture risk. Participants reside throughout the United States and Canada. A total of 34,542 non-Hispanic white peri- and postmenopausal women and men 45 y and older responded to the biennial hospital history form and were followed for a median of 8.4 y. RESULTS The study identified 679 incident hip fractures during 249,186 person-years of follow-up. Fracture risk varied according to dietary pattern, with a clear effect modification by concurrent supplementation with both vitamin D and calcium. In multivariable models, including adjustment for calcium and vitamin D supplementation, female vegans had 55% higher risk of hip fracture (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.26) than nonvegetarians (NVEGs), whereas there was no association between diet pattern and hip fracture risk in men. When further stratifying females on supplement use with both vitamin D and calcium, vegans taking both supplements were at no greater risk of hip fracture than the subjects with other dietary patterns including the NVEGs. CONCLUSIONS Without combined supplementation of both vitamin D and calcium, female vegans are at high risk of hip fracture. However, with supplementation the excessive risk associated with vegans disappeared. Further research is needed to confirm the adequacy of a vegan diet supplemented with calcium and vitamin D with respect to risk of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W Lawrence Beeson
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Raymond Knutsen
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Gary E Fraser
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Synnove F Knutsen
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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23
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Esquivel MK. Nutrition for Pregnant and Lactating Women: The Latest Recommendations From the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025 and Practice Implications. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021; 15:392-396. [PMID: 34366735 DOI: 10.1177/15598276211004082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of maternal nutrition and dietary intake is intergenerational. In recognizing that diet-related chronic conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, especially during conception and pregnancy, are associated with childhood obesity and diabetes risk, the latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025 includes an emphasis on lifespan nutrition. Research supports the need to achieve a healthy weight preconception, as women with a high body mass index before pregnancy are at risk for excessive gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, hypertension, caesarian section delivery, and excessive postpartum weight retention, which sets the stage for subsequent risk in future pregnancies. The Dietary Guidelines committee emphasized that key components to healthy dietary patterns include higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, whole grains, lean meat and seafood, dairy, and unsaturated vegetable oils and lower consumption of processed meat, foods high in saturated fat and cholesterol, and foods and drinks with added sugar. The guidelines offer health care providers, individuals, and other stakeholders with a framework of strategies that can help individuals achieve optimal health. This framework can be utilized to develop individualized approaches for implementing culturally relevant interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Kazlausky Esquivel
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
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24
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Wang K, Zhao Y, Nie J, Xu H, Yu C, Wang S. Higher HEI-2015 Score Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Depression: Result from NHANES 2005-2016. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020348. [PMID: 33503826 PMCID: PMC7911826 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, the total estimated number of people living with depression increased by 18.4% between 2005 and 2015, with the prevalence being 4.8% in 2015. Many nutrient and diet patterns are proven to be correlated to depression, so we conducted this analysis to explore whether the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) score is associated with depression, and possibly to provide dietary measures to reduce the risk of depression. Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2016), a cross-sectional and nationally representative database. The analytic sample was limited to adults: (1) age ≥20 with complete information of HEI-2015 and depression; (2) no missing data of demographics, BMI, drinking, smoking, and fasting plasma glucose. HEI-2015 was calculated using the Dietary Interview: Total Nutrient Intakes, First Day data file. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Weighted logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between the HEI-2015 score and depression. The final study sample included 10,349 adults, with 51.4% of them being men, representing a population of about 167.8 million non-institutionalized U.S. adults. After multivariable adjustment, average HEI status (OR: 0.848, 95% CI: 0.846–0.849) and optimal HEI status (OR: 0.455, 95% CI: 0.453–0.456) were associated with reduced odds of depression. Poor diet quality is significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms in U.S. adults. Aligning with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans reduces the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Health Science, Wuhan University, 185, Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430071, China; (K.W.); (J.N.); (H.X.)
| | - Yudi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Jiaqi Nie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Health Science, Wuhan University, 185, Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430071, China; (K.W.); (J.N.); (H.X.)
| | - Haoling Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Health Science, Wuhan University, 185, Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430071, China; (K.W.); (J.N.); (H.X.)
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Suqing Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Health Science, Wuhan University, 185, Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430071, China; (K.W.); (J.N.); (H.X.)
- Correspondence:
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Gonzalez-Nahm S, Nihlani K, S. House J, L. Maguire R, G. Skinner H, Hoyo C. Associations between Maternal Cadmium Exposure with Risk of Preterm Birth and Low after Birth Weight Effect of Mediterranean Diet Adherence on Affected Prenatal Outcomes. Toxics 2020; 8:toxics8040090. [PMID: 33092103 PMCID: PMC7712046 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal cadmium exposure at non-occupational levels has been associated with poor birth outcomes. The intake of essential metals, such as iron and selenium, may mitigate cadmium exposure effects. However, at high levels, these metals can be toxic. The role of dietary patterns rich in these metals is less studied. We used a linear and logistic regression in a cohort of 185 mother-infant pairs to assess if a Mediterranean diet pattern during pregnancy modified the associations between prenatal cadmium exposure and (1) birth weight and (2) preterm birth. We found that increased cadmium exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower birth weight (β = -210.4; 95% CI: -332.0, -88.8; p = 0.008) and preterm birth (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.72; p = 0.04); however, these associations were comparable in offspring born to women reporting high adherence to a Mediterranean diet (β = -274.95; 95% CI: -701.17, 151.26; p = 0.20) and those with low adherence (β = -64.76; 95% CI: -359.90, 230.37; p = 0.66). While the small sample size limits inference, our findings suggest that adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern may not mitigate cadmium exposure effects. Given the multiple organs targeted by cadmium and its slow excretion rate, larger studies are required to clarify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Kiran Nihlani
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - John S. House
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Rachel L. Maguire
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.L.M.); (H.G.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Harlyn G. Skinner
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.L.M.); (H.G.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.L.M.); (H.G.S.); (C.H.)
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Wu J, Song X, Chen GC, Neelakantan N, van Dam RM, Feng L, Yuan JM, Pan A, Koh WP. Dietary pattern in midlife and cognitive impairment in late life: a prospective study in Chinese adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:912-920. [PMID: 31374567 PMCID: PMC6766457 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective studies linking dietary pattern and cognitive function in the elderly are limited in Asian populations. OBJECTIVE We examined the associations between various healthful dietary patterns and risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese adults. METHODS We used data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study of 16,948 men and women who were aged 45-74 y at baseline (1993-1998) and reinterviewed at the third follow-up visit (2014-2016), ∼20 y later. Diet quality at baseline was assessed according to the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, the alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, overall plant-based diet index (PDI), and healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI). Cognitive function was evaluated using a Singapore-modified Mini-Mental State Examination during the third follow-up visit when subjects were aged 61-96 y. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to compute ORs and 95% CIs associated with the risk of cognitive impairment defined using education-specific cut-offs. RESULTS Cognitive impairment was present in 2443 (14.4%) participants. The OR (95% CI) for cognitive impairment comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of diet quality scores was 0.67 (0.59, 0.77) for aMED, 0.71 (0.62, 0.81) for DASH, 0.75 (0.66, 0.85) for AHEI-2010, 0.82 (0.71, 0.94) for PDI, and 0.78 (0.68, 0.90) for hPDI (all P values for trend <0.001). Each SD increment in different diet quality scores was associated with 7-16% lower risk of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that adherence to healthy dietary patterns in midlife is associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment in late life in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xingyue Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nithya Neelakantan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR) and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction are core pathophysiologic features of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Select lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions, including weight loss, physical activity, a Mediterranean diet intervention, and hypoglycemic agents, have been shown to prevent or delay T2DM. However, dietary factors other than weight loss may also impact risk, mainly through effects to enhance insulin sensitivity, although some may also directly or indirectly impact pancreatic beta-cell function. AREAS COVERED A literature review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted, and the research indicates dietary factors showing promise for reducing T2DM risk include higher intakes of cereal fibers, unsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, and polyphenols (e.g. anthocyanins), while reducing dietary glycemic load, added sugars, and high-sugar beverages. EXPERT COMMENTARY While these dietary factors are mainly supported by evidence from observational studies and RCTs of surrogate markers for T2DM, they are consistent with current recommendations to emphasize consumption of whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, seafood, fruits, and vegetables, while limiting intakes of saturated fatty acids, refined carbohydrates, and processed meats. Additional dietary intervention RCTs are needed to assess the efficacy of these promising dietary interventions for delaying or preventing the onset of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya M Palacios
- a Midwest Biomedical Research/Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health , Glen Ellyn , IL , USA
| | | | - Kevin C Maki
- a Midwest Biomedical Research/Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health , Glen Ellyn , IL , USA
- b MB Clinical Research , Boca Raton , FL , USA
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Zulyniak MA, de Souza RJ, Shaikh M, Desai D, Lefebvre DL, Gupta M, Wilson J, Wahi G, Subbarao P, Becker AB, Mandhane P, Turvey SE, Beyene J, Atkinson S, Morrison KM, McDonald S, Teo KK, Sears MR, Anand SS. Does the impact of a plant-based diet during pregnancy on birth weight differ by ethnicity? A dietary pattern analysis from a prospective Canadian birth cohort alliance. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017753. [PMID: 29138203 PMCID: PMC5695448 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Birth weight is an indicator of newborn health and a strong predictor of health outcomes in later life. Significant variation in diet during pregnancy between ethnic groups in high-income countries provides an ideal opportunity to investigate the influence of maternal diet on birth weight. SETTING Four multiethnic birth cohorts based in Canada (the NutriGen Alliance). PARTICIPANTS 3997 full-term mother-infant pairs of diverse ethnic groups who had principal component analysis-derived diet pattern scores-plant-based, Western and health-conscious-and birth weight data. RESULTS No associations were identified between the Western and health-conscious diet patterns and birth weight; however, the plant-based dietary pattern was inversely associated with birth weight (β=-67.6 g per 1-unit increase; P<0.001), and an interaction with non-white ethnicity and birth weight was observed. Ethnically stratified analyses demonstrated that among white Europeans, maternal consumption of a plant-based diet associated with lower birth weight (β=-65.9 g per 1-unit increase; P<0.001), increased risk of small-for-gestational age (SGA; OR=1.46; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.54;P=0.005) and reduced risk of large-for-gestational age (LGA; OR=0.71; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.95;P=0.02). Among South Asians, maternal consumption of a plant-based diet associated with a higher birth weight (β=+40.5 g per 1-unit increase; P=0.01), partially explained by cooked vegetable consumption. CONCLUSIONS Maternal consumption of a plant-based diet during pregnancy is associated with birth weight. Among white Europeans, a plant-based diet is associated with lower birth weight, reduced odds of an infant born LGA and increased odds of SGA, whereas among South Asians living in Canada, a plant-based diet is associated with increased birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Zulyniak
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mateen Shaikh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dipika Desai
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana L Lefebvre
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milan Gupta
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Cardiovascular Research Network, Brampton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Wilson
- Six Nations Health Services, Ohsweken, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gita Wahi
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allan B Becker
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Piush Mandhane
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Atkinson
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sarah McDonald
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Koon K Teo
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malcolm R Sears
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Kobelkova IV, Martinchik AN, Kudryavtseva KV, Baturin AK. [ Diet pattern and health of working people]. Vopr Pitan 2017; 86:17-21. [PMID: 30695623 DOI: 10.24411/0042-8833-2017-00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
By results of a research of the International Bureau of Work (IBW), malnutrition at work costs the world community of 20% work decline in production. Chronic noninfectious diseases which risk factors are disturbances of nutrition cause about 46% of morbidity and 60% of mortality in the world, including to 30% of mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Economically developed countries face larger financial losses from an obesity. So annual expenses, such as medical insurance, paid sick days, holidays and other payments make from 2 to 7% from the total amount of expenses on health care. Catering establishments in institutions are capable to provide the maximum approach to an optimum nutrition of employees, including, regimen of meals (a breakfast, a lunch and an afternoon snack, and sometimes and a dinner) that will provide prophylaxis of a series of the major noninfectious diseases, such as infarct, stroke, diabetes mellitus of the II type, cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Kobelkova
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Foоd Safety, Moscow
| | - A N Martinchik
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Foоd Safety, Moscow
| | - K V Kudryavtseva
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Foоd Safety, Moscow
| | - A K Baturin
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Foоd Safety, Moscow
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Hayward J, Jacka FN, Skouteris H, Millar L, Strugnell C, Swinburn BA, Allender S. Lifestyle factors and adolescent depressive symptomatology: Associations and effect sizes of diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2016; 50:1064-1073. [PMID: 27738232 DOI: 10.1177/0004867416671596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression affects many Australian adolescents. Research points to the potential of lifestyle improvement for the population-level prevention of mental disorders. However, most studies examine single relationships without considering the combined contribution of lifestyle factors to variance in depression. This study examined associations between adolescent diet, physical activity and screen time behaviours and depressive symptomatology. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of year 8 and 10 students was recruited from 23 participating schools in 18 Victorian communities. Students were recruited using opt-out consent, resulting in 3295 participants from 4680 registered school enrolments (Participation Rate: 70.4%). Participants completed a supervised self-report questionnaire comprising Moods and Feelings Questionnaire-Short Form, an assessment of physical activity and sedentary behaviours during and outside school, and weekly food intake. Surveyed covariates included hours of sleep per night, age, socio-economic status and measured anthropometry. A hierarchical regression stratified by gender was conducted, with dichotomised Moods and Feelings Questionnaire-Short Form score as the outcome, and screen time, physical activity and dietary patterns as predictors. Nested regression analyses were then conducted to ascertain the variance in Moods and Feelings Questionnaire-Short Form score attributable to each significant predictor from the initial regression. RESULTS Increased scores on an unhealthy dietary pattern (odds ratio = 1.18; 95% confidence interval = [1.07, 1.32]) and physical activity guideline attainment (0.91; [0.85, 0.97]) were associated with depressive symptomatology in males, while screen time guideline attainment (0.95; [0.91, 0.98]) was associated with depression in females. No association was observed between healthy diet pattern and Moods and Feelings Questionnaire-Short Form. Overall, effect sizes were generally small, and the regression model accounted for 5.22% of Moods and Feelings Questionnaire-Short Form variance. CONCLUSION Gender-specific associations were observed between physical activity and both sedentary and dietary behaviours and depressive symptomatology among adolescents, although reverse causality cannot be refuted at this stage. Lifestyle behaviours may represent a modifiable target for the prevention of depressive symptomatology in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hayward
- Global Obesity Centre, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Food & Mood Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Lynne Millar
- Global Obesity Centre, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Claudia Strugnell
- Global Obesity Centre, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Boyd A Swinburn
- Global Obesity Centre, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steven Allender
- Global Obesity Centre, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Zhu N, Jacobs DR, Meyer KA, He K, Launer L, Reis JP, Yaffe K, Sidney S, Whitmer RA, Steffen LM. Cognitive function in a middle aged cohort is related to higher quality dietary pattern 5 and 25 years earlier: the CARDIA study. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19:33-8. [PMID: 25560814 PMCID: PMC5466430 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserving cognitive function is an important public health issue. We investigated whether dietary pattern associates with cognitive function in middle-age. METHODS We studied 2435 participants in the community-based Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study of black and white men and women aged 18-30 in 1985-86 (year 0, Y0). We hypothesized that a higher A Priori Diet Quality Score, measured at Y0 and Y20, is associated with better cognitive function measured at Y25. The diet score incorporated 46 food groups (each in servings/day) as the sum of quintile ranks of food groups rated beneficial, 0 for food groups rated neutral, and reversed quintile ranks for food groups rated adverse; higher score indicated better diet quality. Y25 cognitive testing included verbal memory (Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)), psychomotor speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)) and executive function (Stroop). RESULTS Per 10-unit higher diet score at Y20, the RAVLT was 0.32 words recalled higher, the DSST was 1.76 digits higher, and the Stroop was 1.00 seconds+errors lower (better performance) after adjusting for race, sex, age, clinic, and energy intake. Further adjustment for physical activity, smoking, education, and body mass index attenuated the association slightly. Diet score at Y0 and increase in diet score over 20 years were also positively associated with each cognitive test. CONCLUSIONS A higher quality dietary pattern was associated with better cognitive function 5 years and even 25 years later in apparently healthy middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhu
- David R. Jacobs, 1300 South 2nd Street, Ste 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, Phone: 612-624-4196, Fax: 612-624-0315,
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Kehoe SH, Krishnaveni GV, Veena SR, Guntupalli AM, Margetts BM, Fall CHD, Robinson SM. Diet patterns are associated with demographic factors and nutritional status in South Indian children. Matern Child Nutr 2013; 10:145-58. [PMID: 23819872 PMCID: PMC3920637 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The burden of non‐communicable chronic disease (NCD) in India is increasing. Diet and body composition ‘track’ from childhood into adult life and contribute to the development of risk factors for NCD. Little is known about the diet patterns of Indian children. We aimed to identify diet patterns and study associations with body composition and socio‐demographic factors in the Mysore Parthenon Study cohort. We collected anthropometric and demographic data from children aged 9.5 years (n = 538). We also administered a food frequency questionnaire and measured fasting blood concentrations of folate and vitamin B12. Using principal component analysis, we identified two diet patterns. The ‘snack and fruit’ pattern was characterised by frequent intakes of snacks, fruit, sweetened drinks, rice and meat dishes and leavened breads. The ‘lacto‐vegetarian’ pattern was characterised by frequent intakes of finger millet, vegetarian rice dishes, yoghurt, vegetable dishes and infrequent meat consumption. Adherence to the ‘snack and fruit’ pattern was associated with season, being Muslim and urban dwelling. Adherence to the lacto‐vegetarian pattern was associated with being Hindu, rural dwelling and a lower maternal body mass index. The ‘snack and fruit’ pattern was negatively associated with the child's adiposity. The lacto‐vegetarian pattern was positively associated with blood folate concentration and negatively with vitamin B12 concentration. This study provides new information on correlates of diet patterns in Indian children and how diet relates to nutritional status. Follow‐up of these children will be important to determine the role of these differences in diet in the development of risk factors for NCD including body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Kehoe
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Kundu D, Mehta R, Rozra S. Periodontal status of a given population of West Bengal: An epidemiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011; 15:126-9. [PMID: 21976835 PMCID: PMC3183662 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.84380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This paper presents the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in a given population of West Bengal and its relationship with their age, sex, socioeconomic status, educational background, and dietary habits. Also, the treatment needs on the basis of Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), which might be helpful for future planning of dental services. Materials and Methods: A sample of 22,452 individuals aged 15 years and above was selected using a random cluster sampling from the population. All the subjects sampled were weighed by age, sex, community, income group, educational level, diet pattern, and habitation. The WHO CPITN was used to assess the levels of periodontal condition and treatment needs. Results: Score 2 was most prevalent in all the groups. Periodontal disease is widespread in West Bengal and a positive relation appears to exist between age, sex, socio-economic status, education level, and dietary habits with periodontal status. Comprehensive oral hygiene instruction and dental prophylaxis need to be initiated. Conclusion: The data on periodontal conditions presented in this study are similar to data available from WHO on global oral health. These estimates are important for the future planning of dental services in the state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Kundu
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Schulze MB, Hoffmann K, Manson JE, Willett WC, Meigs JB, Weikert C, Heidemann C, Colditz GA, Hu FB. Dietary pattern, inflammation, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in women. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82:675-84; quiz 714-5. [PMID: 16155283 PMCID: PMC2563043 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn.82.3.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is considered a key mechanism leading to type 2 diabetes, but dietary exposures that lead to inflammation and diabetes are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate the relation between a dietary pattern associated with biomarkers of inflammation and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN We conducted a nested case-control study of 656 cases of type 2 diabetes and 694 controls among women in the Nurses' Health Study and 2 prospective cohort studies of 35,340 women in the Nurses' Health Study and 89,311 women in the Nurses' Health Study II who were followed for incident diabetes. RESULTS Through the use of reduced rank regression, we identified a dietary pattern that was strongly related to inflammatory markers in the nested case-control study. This pattern, which was high in sugar-sweetened soft drinks, refined grains, diet soft drinks, and processed meat but low in wine, coffee, cruciferous vegetables, and yellow vegetables, was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (multivariate-adjusted odds ratio comparing extreme quintiles: 3.09; 95% CI: 1.99, 4.79). We identified 1517 incident cases of confirmed type 2 diabetes in the Nurses' Health Study (458,991 person-years) and 724 incident cases in the Nurses' Health Study II (701,155 person-years). After adjustment for body mass index and other potential lifestyle confounders, the relative risks comparing extreme quintiles of the pattern were 2.56 (95% CI: 2.10, 3.12; P for trend < 0.001) in the Nurses' Health Study and 2.93 (95% CI: 2.18, 3.92; P for trend < 0.001) in the Nurses' Health Study II. CONCLUSION The dietary pattern identified may increase chronic inflammation and raise the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
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