1
|
Wu H, Zhang L, Fan A, Wu H, Wang K. Genetic inconsistency at the D6S1043 locus caused by microdeletion at 6q15. Int J Legal Med 2023; 137:1413-1419. [PMID: 37414920 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
In the practice of parentage testing, short tandem repeat (STR) genetic inconsistencies occasionally occur and are usually treated as genetic mutations. However, they arise for various reasons. To elucidate the reasons for their occurrence, this study investigates a typical trio. For the D6S1043 locus, the genotype of the biological mother comprised the heterozygous alleles "7,20"; that of the child, allele 20; and that of the alleged father, a heterozygous allele "11,13," revealing a 7-step mutation. Different kits were first used to verify the data. The locus map, primers, and core sequences were then analyzed. Ultimately, the STR and single nucleotide polymorphisms of 6q were tested to determine the microdeletion range. The results revealed that this was indeed a true trio, and the underlying cause of the genetic inconsistency at this locus was a microdeletion of approximately 0.74-1.78 Mb in 6q15. Overall, genetic inconsistencies detected during practical work, and particularly rare multi-step mutations, cannot be directly identified as STR mutations. Different tools should be used to examine the causes of genetic inconsistencies from various perspectives and improve the effectiveness of genetic evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiying Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejie Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Óskarsdóttir S, Boot E, Crowley TB, Loo JCY, Arganbright JM, Armando M, Baylis AL, Breetvelt EJ, Castelein RM, Chadehumbe M, Cielo CM, de Reuver S, Eliez S, Fiksinski AM, Forbes BJ, Gallagher E, Hopkins SE, Jackson OA, Levitz-Katz L, Klingberg G, Lambert MP, Marino B, Mascarenhas MR, Moldenhauer J, Moss EM, Nowakowska BA, Orchanian-Cheff A, Putotto C, Repetto GM, Schindewolf E, Schneider M, Solot CB, Sullivan KE, Swillen A, Unolt M, Van Batavia JP, Vingerhoets C, Vorstman J, Bassett AS, McDonald-McGinn DM. Updated clinical practice recommendations for managing children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Genet Med 2023; 25:100338. [PMID: 36729053 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to update the clinical practice guidelines for managing children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). The 22q11.2 Society, the international scientific organization studying chromosome 22q11.2 differences and related conditions, recruited expert clinicians worldwide to revise the original 2011 pediatric clinical practice guidelines in a stepwise process: (1) a systematic literature search (1992-2021), (2) study selection and data extraction by clinical experts from 9 different countries, covering 24 subspecialties, and (3) creation of a draft consensus document based on the literature and expert opinion, which was further shaped by survey results from family support organizations regarding perceived needs. Of 2441 22q11.2DS-relevant publications initially identified, 2344 received full-text reviews, including 1545 meeting criteria for potential relevance to clinical care of children and adolescents. Informed by the available literature, recommendations were formulated. Given evidence base limitations, multidisciplinary recommendations represent consensus statements of good practice for this evolving field. These recommendations provide contemporary guidance for evaluation, surveillance, and management of the many 22q11.2DS-associated physical, cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric morbidities while addressing important genetic counseling and psychosocial issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sólveig Óskarsdóttir
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Erik Boot
- Advisium, 's Heeren Loo Zorggroep, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Terrence Blaine Crowley
- The 22q and You Center, Clinical Genetics Center, and Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joanne C Y Loo
- The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jill M Arganbright
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO
| | - Marco Armando
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adriane L Baylis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Elemi J Breetvelt
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Genetics & Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - René M Castelein
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Madeline Chadehumbe
- Division of Neurology, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christopher M Cielo
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Steven de Reuver
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Fondation Pôle Autisme, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University School of Medecine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ania M Fiksinski
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Psychology, University Medical Centre, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brian J Forbes
- Division of Ophthalmology, The 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Emily Gallagher
- Division of Craniofacial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
| | - Sarah E Hopkins
- Division of Neurology, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Oksana A Jackson
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Cleft Lip and Palate Program, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Oral Surgery, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lorraine Levitz-Katz
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Michele P Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Hematology, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Bruno Marino
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria R Mascarenhas
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Julie Moldenhauer
- Richard D. Wood Jr. Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, 22q and You Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Ani Orchanian-Cheff
- Library and Information Services and The Institute of Education Research (TIER), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolina Putotto
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriela M Repetto
- Rare Diseases Program, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Erica Schindewolf
- Richard D. Wood Jr. Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, 22q and You Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Maude Schneider
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cynthia B Solot
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Center for Childhood Communication, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Allergy and Immunology, 22q and You Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ann Swillen
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital UZ Leuven, and Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Unolt
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jason P Van Batavia
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Urology, 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Claudia Vingerhoets
- Advisium, 's Heeren Loo Zorggroep, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob Vorstman
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Genetics & Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne S Bassett
- The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Genetics & Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Genetics Research Program and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Donna M McDonald-McGinn
- The 22q and You Center, Clinical Genetics Center, and Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Biology and Medical Genetics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Boot E, Óskarsdóttir S, Loo JCY, Crowley TB, Orchanian-Cheff A, Andrade DM, Arganbright JM, Castelein RM, Cserti-Gazdewich C, de Reuver S, Fiksinski AM, Klingberg G, Lang AE, Mascarenhas MR, Moss EM, Nowakowska BA, Oechslin E, Palmer L, Repetto GM, Reyes NGD, Schneider M, Silversides C, Sullivan KE, Swillen A, van Amelsvoort TAMJ, Van Batavia JP, Vingerhoets C, McDonald-McGinn DM, Bassett AS. Updated clinical practice recommendations for managing adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Genet Med 2023; 25:100344. [PMID: 36729052 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to update the clinical practice guidelines for managing adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). The 22q11.2 Society recruited expert clinicians worldwide to revise the original clinical practice guidelines for adults in a stepwise process according to best practices: (1) a systematic literature search (1992-2021), (2) study selection and synthesis by clinical experts from 8 countries, covering 24 subspecialties, and (3) formulation of consensus recommendations based on the literature and further shaped by patient advocate survey results. Of 2441 22q11.2DS-relevant publications initially identified, 2344 received full-text review, with 2318 meeting inclusion criteria (clinical care relevance to 22q11.2DS) including 894 with potential relevance to adults. The evidence base remains limited. Thus multidisciplinary recommendations represent statements of current best practice for this evolving field, informed by the available literature. These recommendations provide guidance for the recognition, evaluation, surveillance, and management of the many emerging and chronic 22q11.2DS-associated multisystem morbidities relevant to adults. The recommendations also address key genetic counseling and psychosocial considerations for the increasing numbers of adults with this complex condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Boot
- Advisium, 's Heeren Loo Zorggroep, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sólveig Óskarsdóttir
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Joanne C Y Loo
- The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terrence Blaine Crowley
- 22q and You Center, Clinical Genetics Center, and Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ani Orchanian-Cheff
- Library and Information Services, and The Institute of Education Research (TIER), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle M Andrade
- Adult Genetic Epilepsy Program, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jill M Arganbright
- Division of Otolaryngology, Children's Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO
| | - René M Castelein
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Steven de Reuver
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ania M Fiksinski
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Psychology, University Medical Centre, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anthony E Lang
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria R Mascarenhas
- Division of Gastroenterology and 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Erwin Oechslin
- Toronto Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Palmer
- The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabriela M Repetto
- Rare Diseases Program, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nikolai Gil D Reyes
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maude Schneider
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Candice Silversides
- Toronto ACHD Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Allergy and Immunology and 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ann Swillen
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital UZ Leuven, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jason P Van Batavia
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Urology and 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Claudia Vingerhoets
- Advisium, 's Heeren Loo Zorggroep, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Donna M McDonald-McGinn
- 22q and You Center, Clinical Genetics Center, and Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Biology and Medical Genetics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anne S Bassett
- The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Genetics Research Program and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mental Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
van der Laan L, Rooney K, Trooster TM, Mannens MM, Sadikovic B, Henneman P. DNA methylation episignatures: insight into copy number variation. Epigenomics 2022; 14:1373-1388. [PMID: 36537268 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we discuss epigenetic disorders that result from aberrations in genes linked to epigenetic regulation. We describe current testing methods for the detection of copy number variants (CNVs) in Mendelian disorders, dosage sensitivity, reciprocal phenotypes and the challenges of test selection and overlapping clinical features in genetic diagnosis. We discuss aberrations of DNA methylation and propose a role for episignatures as a novel clinical testing method in CNV disorders. Finally, we postulate that episignature mapping in CNV disorders may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of disease and unlock key findings of the genome-wide impact on disease gene networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liselot van der Laan
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Rooney
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, N5A 3K7, Canada.,Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Tessa Ma Trooster
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Mam Mannens
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, N5A 3K7, Canada.,Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Peter Henneman
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liarakos AL, Tran P, Rao R, Murthy N. Late maternal diagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome with congenital hypoparathyroidism following antenatal detection of the same 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome in the fetus. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e250350. [PMID: 35606033 PMCID: PMC9125717 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-250350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic causes of hypocalcaemia can be overlooked in patients who present without apparent syndromic features. One relatively common but under-recognised genetic disorder is DiGeorge syndrome, which is often diagnosed in childhood but rarely in adulthood. Its enigmatic diagnosis can be attributed to its broad heterogeneous clinical presentation, such as the absence of cardiac abnormalities with only subtly abnormal facies. The presence of hypoparathyroidism-related hypocalcaemia may be the first early sign. We describe a young female adult with childhood-onset hypocalcaemia who was diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome during her pregnancy when the fetus was found to have the same condition on antenatal screening and autopsy. This case reminds clinicians to consider the genetic causes of hypoparathyroidism-induced hypocalcaemia early on in childhood, while acknowledging the possibility of a late diagnosis in adulthood. We also highlight the risks of severe hypocalcaemia in pregnancy and outline a systematic approach to the evaluation of chronic hypocalcaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Tran
- Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Ranganatha Rao
- Diabetes & Endocrinology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Narasimha Murthy
- Diabetes & Endocrinology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pineda T, Zarante I, Paredes AC, Rozo JP, Reyes MC, Moreno-Niño OM. CNVs in the 22q11.2 Chromosomal Region Should Be an Early Suspect in Infants with Congenital Cardiac Disease. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2021; 15:11795468211016870. [PMID: 34104029 PMCID: PMC8155773 DOI: 10.1177/11795468211016870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation, it is frequently found as an isolated defect, and the etiology is not completely understood. Although most of the cases have multifactorial causes, they can also be secondary to chromosomal abnormalities, monogenic diseases, microduplications or microdeletions, among others. Copy number variations (CNVs) at 22q11.2 are associated with a variety of symptoms including CHD, thymic aplasia, and developmental and behavioral manifestations. We tested CNVs in the 22q11.2 chromosomal region by MLPA in a cohort of Colombian patients with isolated CHD to establish the frequency of these CNVs in the cohort. METHODS CNVs analysis of 22q11.2 by MLPA were performed in 32 patients with apparently isolate CHD during the neonatal period. Participants were enrolled from different hospitals in Bogotá, and they underwent a clinical assessment by a cardiologist and a clinical geneticist. RESULTS CNVs in the 22q11.2 chromosomal region were found in 7 patients (21.9%). The typical deletion was found in 6 patients (18.75%) and atypical 1.5 Mb duplication was found in 1 patient (3.1%). CONCLUSIONS CNVs in 22q11.2 is a common finding in patients presenting with isolated congenital cardiac disease, therefore these patients should be tested early despite the absence of other clinical manifestations. MLPA is a very useful molecular method and provides an accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pineda
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia
Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- San Ignacio University Hospital,
Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ignacio Zarante
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia
Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- San Ignacio University Hospital,
Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Angela Camila Paredes
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia
Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- San Ignacio University Hospital,
Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Martha C. Reyes
- Cardiopediatrics Intensive Care Unit,
Cardioinfantil Foundation, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Diniz BL, Santos AS, Glaeser AB, Guaraná BB, Lorea CF, Josahkian JA, Huber J, Rosa RFM, Zen PRG. Congenital Heart Defects and Dysmorphic Facial Features in Patients Suspicious of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome in Southern Brazil. J Pediatr Genet 2020; 9:227-234. [PMID: 32733742 PMCID: PMC7384886 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is considered one of the most frequently observed chromosomal abnormalities in association with congenital heart disease (CHD), which can also include some combination of other features. Thus, the aim of this work was to verify the profile of dysmorphic features and heart defects found in patients referred to a reference center in Southern Brazil with clinical findings suggestive of 22q11.2DS. In the overall sample group, only patients with dysmorphic facial features (skull, eyes, ear, and nose) associated with CHD (obstructive pulmonary valve ring, truncus arteriosus, and bicuspid aortic valve associated with atrial septal defect and/or right aortic arch) had a 22q11.2 deletion. These findings proved to be reliable clinical criteria for referral to perform fluorescent in situ hybridization investigation for 22q11.2 deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Lixinski Diniz
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Barreto Glaeser
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Baierle Guaraná
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Genetics, UFCSPA and Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Fernandes Lorea
- Child and Adolescent Health Care Unit, Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (HE-UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Josahkian
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HU-SM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janaína Huber
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Disease, Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundacão Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Genetics, UFCSPA and Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Genetics, UFCSPA and Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Consequences of 22q11.2 Microdeletion on the Genome, Individual and Population Levels. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11090977. [PMID: 32842603 PMCID: PMC7563277 DOI: 10.3390/genes11090977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) (ORPHA: 567) caused by microdeletion in chromosome 22 is the most common chromosomal microdeletion disorder in humans. Despite the same change on the genome level, like in the case of monozygotic twins, phenotypes are expressed differently in 22q11.2 deletion individuals. The rest of the genome, as well as epigenome and environmental factors, are not without influence on the variability of phenotypes. The penetrance seems to be more genotype specific than deleted locus specific. The transcript levels of deleted genes are not usually reduced by 50% as assumed due to haploinsufficiency. 22q11.2DS is often an undiagnosed condition, as each patient may have a different set out of 180 possible clinical manifestations. Diverse dysmorphic traits are present in patients from different ethnicities, which makes diagnosis even more difficult. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome serves as an example of a genetic syndrome that is not easy to manage at all stages: diagnosis, consulting and dealing with.
Collapse
|
9
|
Morrow BE, McDonald-McGinn DM, Emanuel BS, Vermeesch JR, Scambler PJ. Molecular genetics of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 176:2070-2081. [PMID: 30380194 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a congenital malformation and neuropsychiatric disorder caused by meiotic chromosome rearrangements. One of the goals of this review is to summarize the current state of basic research studies of 22q11.2DS. It highlights efforts to understand the mechanisms responsible for the 22q11.2 deletion that occurs in meiosis. This mechanism involves the four sets of low copy repeats (LCR22) that are dispersed in the 22q11.2 region and the deletion is mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination events. This review also highlights selected genes mapping to the 22q11.2 region that may contribute to the typical clinical findings associated with the disorder and explain that mutations in genes on the remaining allele can uncover rare recessive conditions. Another important aspect of 22q11.2DS is the existence of phenotypic heterogeneity. While some patients are mildly affected, others have severe medical, cognitive, and/or psychiatric challenges. Variability may be due in part to the presence of genetic modifiers. This review discusses current genome-wide efforts to identify such modifiers that could shed light on molecular pathways required for normal human development, cognition or behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernice E Morrow
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Donna M McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Beverly S Emanuel
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Joris R Vermeesch
- Center for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter J Scambler
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sgardioli IC, Paoli Monteiro F, Fanti P, Paiva Vieira T, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. Testing criteria for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: preliminary results of a low cost strategy for public health. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:123. [PMID: 31159889 PMCID: PMC6547599 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical heterogeneity of the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS - OMIM, #188400 and #192430) is a universal challenge leading to diagnostic delay. The aim of this study was to evaluate a low cost strategy for the diagnosis of this condition based upon clinical criteria previously reported. Health professionals, who collected clinical data, from twelve centers were trained in those criteria, which were summed through an online application (CranFlow). RESULTS Clinical and laboratorial data of 347 individuals registered from 2008 to 2017 in the Brazilian Database on Craniofacial Anomalies/22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, were reviewed. They were divided in two groups: (I) 168 individuals investigated before the definition of the criteria and (II) 179 individuals investigated after the criteria application. All of them were investigated for 22q11.2DS by Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) and/or Multiplex Ligation Probe-dependent Amplification (MLPA), detecting 98 cases with 22q11.2DS. Among the individuals with 22q11.2DS in Group II, 42/53 (79.25%) fulfilled the proposed criteria against 11/53 (20.75%) who did not fulfill them (p < .0001). The association of congenital heart diseases with high predictive value for 22q11.2DS and hypernasal voice were significantly associated to the presence of 22q11.2DS (p = 0.0172 and p < .0001, respectively). In addition, 22q11.2DS was confirmed 3.82 more times when the individuals fulfilled the proposed criteria. Of the 249 cases negative for the typical deletion in 22q11.2, Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA) was performed in 132 individuals and detected pathogenic alterations at other genomic regions in 19 individuals, and variants of uncertain clinical significance in 31 cases. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, a locus-specific approach could be used to individuals with positive criteria as a cost-effective alternative for 22q11.2DS diagnosis. The authors discuss advantages and suggest ways of implementing this approach to investigate 22q11.2DS in a public health system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilária Cristina Sgardioli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Tessália Vieira de Camargo Street, 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Paoli Monteiro
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Tessália Vieira de Camargo Street, 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil.,Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional from Sao Paulo (Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais de São Paulo - APAE-SP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fanti
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Társis Paiva Vieira
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Tessália Vieira de Camargo Street, 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Tessália Vieira de Camargo Street, 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Behiry EG, Abo Senna AA, Elnagar AE, Eshiesh MA. Evaluation of loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 22q11.21 region in patients with congenital heart diseases. Egypt Heart J 2018; 70:267-270. [PMID: 30591741 PMCID: PMC6303538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22q11.21 region is prone to low-copy repeats events that lead to congenital anomaly disorders. We tested genomic DNA of 20 families with non-syndromic CHD patients using a set of three known consecutive high polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) markers along the 22q11.21 region; D22S941, D22S944 and D22S264 loci. We found loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in D22S941 locus in 2 out of 20 families (10%) with 2 offspring affected by ASD combined with PS and TOF respectively. No LOH found in D22S944 and D22S264 loci either in affected cases or control group and no LOH found in D22S941 in the control group. Also we observed that D22S944 locus prone to be less allele diversity than D22S941 and D22S264 loci.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman G Behiry
- Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Azza A Abo Senna
- Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | | | - Magda A Eshiesh
- Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Microdeletion at 8q24.13 rather than multistep microsatellite mutation resulting in the genetic inconsistency at the D8S1179 locus in a true trio. Int J Legal Med 2018; 133:999-1006. [PMID: 30046885 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
When using microsatellite loci for DNA paternity testing, genetic inconsistencies sometimes occur in true trios and duos and may be erroneously attributed to germline mutations of microsatellite alleles. Here, we reported a typical case and discussed the issue of how to find out the cause of a genetic inconsistency. In our case, a genetic inconsistency in a true trio was observed at the D8S1179 locus, where the father has only allele 10 as compared to only allele 16 of his son. A set of tests were then performed. The results showed that the inconsistency was not result from the germline mutation of allele 10 to allele 16, or from the presence of null alleles due to primer binding site mutations, but from the microdeletion at 8q24.13, about 2.99 to 49.76 kb, detected in both the father and his son, which revealed by deletion mapping using short tandem repeats (STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In conclusion, genetic inconsistencies observed in true trios or duos cannot be rashly attributed to germline STR mutations, especially multistep mutations, in the absence of verification or specification; otherwise, the reliability of the genetic proofs established will be challenged.
Collapse
|
13
|
Oh AK, Workman LA, Wong GB. Clinical Correlation of Chromosome 22q11.2 Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization Analysis and Velocardiofacial Syndrome. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 44:62-6. [PMID: 17214538 DOI: 10.1597/05-192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify characteristics associated with microdeletions of chromosome 22q11.2 ascertained by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis in patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), cleft palate, or other clinical features of velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS). Design/Setting: Retrospective review of all patients entered at one tertiary-level multidisciplinary cleft lip and palate and craniofacial anomalies panel from January 2000 to December 2003. Patients: The study consisted of 115 patients. The presence or absence of the following clinical features was documented: cleft palate (submucous and overt), VPI, cardiac anomalies, renal anomalies, small stature, characteristic facies, developmental delay, psychiatric dysfunction, and family history. Main Outcome Measure: Correlation between presence or absence of clinical features of VCFS and presence or absence of 22q11.2 microdeletion by FISH analysis. Results: Of the 16 patients (13.9%) who demonstrated 22q11.2 microdeletion by FISH analysis, 16 had VPI (100%), 16 had small stature (100%), 14 had cleft palate (88%), and 13 had characteristic facies (81%). Developmental delay was also present in 13 of these patients (81%), and seven had cardiac anomalies (44%). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the presence of characteristic facies and small stature statistically correlated with microdeletions of chromosome 22q11.2 by FISH studies (p < .05). Conclusions: Patients with microdeletions of chromosome 22q11.2 as demonstrated by FISH analysis were more likely to have VPI, small stature, cleft palate, characteristic facies, and developmental delay, in descending order. Statistical analysis showed that only characteristic facies and small stature correlated with 22q11.2 microdeletions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert K Oh
- Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Impact of 22q11.2 Microdeletion on Cardiac Surgery Postoperative Outcome. Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 38:1680-1685. [PMID: 28940032 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-017-1713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
22q11.2 microdeletion is the most common microdeletion in humans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate postoperative outcome in children with 22q11.2 microdeletion who had undergone complete surgical correction of a congenital heart defect. The study included 34 patients who underwent complete correction of conotruncal heart defects. Of these, 17 patients diagnosed with 22q11.2 microdeletion represent the investigated group. Another 17 patients without 22q11.2 microdeletion represent the control group. Investigated and control groups differ significantly for total length of stay in the hospital (average 37.35 and 14.12 days, respectively); length of postoperative stay in the intensive care unit (average 10.82 and 6.76 days, respectively); sepsis (eight and two patients, respectively); administration of antibiotics (15 and seven patients, respectively); duration of antibiotic therapy (average 17.65 and 14.59 days, respectively); occurrence of hypocalcemia (16 and 0 patients, respectively); and initiation of peroral nutrition during the postoperative course (average 10.29 and 3.88 days, respectively). No difference was found for duration of ventilatory support (average 6.12 and 4.24 days, respectively), administration of total parenteral nutrition, and postoperative mortality rate. The study results suggest that genotype of 22q11.2 microdeletion affects postoperative outcome after cardiac surgery. Possible targets for intervention in postoperative intensive care management are prevention and treatment of systemic infections, monitoring, and treatment of hypocalcemias, rational administration of antibiotics and careful planning of nutrition. Consequently, this could shorten patients' intensive care stay and overall duration of hospitalization.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zanardo ÉA, Dutra RL, Piazzon FB, Dias AT, Novo-Filho GM, Nascimento AM, Montenegro MM, Damasceno JG, Madia FAR, da Costa TVMM, Melaragno MI, Kim CA, Kulikowski LD. Cytogenomic assessment of the diagnosis of 93 patients with developmental delay and multiple congenital abnormalities: The Brazilian experience. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2017; 72:526-537. [PMID: 29069255 PMCID: PMC5629705 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2017(09)02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human genome contains several types of variations, such as copy number variations, that can generate specific clinical abnormalities. Different techniques are used to detect these changes, and obtaining an unequivocal diagnosis is important to understand the physiopathology of the diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic capacity of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and array techniques for etiologic diagnosis of syndromic patients. METHODS We analyzed 93 patients with developmental delay and multiple congenital abnormalities using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplifications and arrays. RESULTS Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification using different kits revealed several changes in approximately 33.3% of patients. The use of arrays with different platforms showed an approximately 53.75% detection rate for at least one pathogenic change and a 46.25% detection rate for patients with benign changes. A concomitant assessment of the two techniques showed an approximately 97.8% rate of concordance, although the results were not the same in all cases. In contrast with the array results, the MLPA technique detected ∼70.6% of pathogenic changes. CONCLUSION The obtained results corroborated data reported in the literature, but the overall detection rate was higher than the rates previously reported, due in part to the criteria used to select patients. Although arrays are the most efficient tool for diagnosis, they are not always suitable as a first-line diagnostic approach because of their high cost for large-scale use in developing countries. Thus, clinical and laboratory interactions with skilled technicians are required to target patients for the most effective and beneficial molecular diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Évelin Aline Zanardo
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Roberta Lelis Dutra
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Flavia Balbo Piazzon
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Alexandre Torchio Dias
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Gil Monteiro Novo-Filho
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Amom Mendes Nascimento
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Marília Moreira Montenegro
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Jullian Gabriel Damasceno
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Fabrícia Andreia Rosa Madia
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genetica, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Unidade de Genetica, Departamento de Pediatria, Instituto da Crianca, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Leslie Domenici Kulikowski
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sgardioli IC, de Mello Copelli M, Monteiro FP, Dos Santos AP, Lustosa Mendes E, Paiva Vieira T, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. Diagnostic Approach to Microdeletion Syndromes Based on 22q11.2 Investigation: Challenges in Four Cases. Mol Syndromol 2017; 8:244-252. [PMID: 28878608 DOI: 10.1159/000477598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, different methods for the detection of genomic imbalances, such as the microdeletion syndromes, were developed. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome and presents wide clinical heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to describe 4 unusual cases of genomic imbalances found in individuals with suspected microdeletion syndromes. Different methods were necessary to complete the diagnosis and to obtain information for genetic counseling. The study was retrospective and descriptive. From August 2014 to December 2015, 39 individuals were assessed using FISH and/or MLPA; in 15 cases, chromosomal microarray (CMA) analysis was carried out. Of 39 registered individuals, we found deletions in the 22q11.2 region in 10 individuals (8 individuals with 22q11.2DS and 2 individuals presenting with atypical deletions in the 22q11.2 region: 1 distal deletion and 1 central deletion). In one case with a typical 22q11.2 deletion, a familial balanced translocation was detected. In another case without a 22q11.2 deletion, a 6p duplication concomitant with a 9p deletion was detected by CMA. Clinical data are reported and diagnostic investigations are discussed. Essential aspects for the understanding of different diagnostic techniques of genomic imbalances are considered, and the 4 cases described underline the complexity and the difficulties involved in the diagnostic process. The approach is informative for clinical practice and may be applied in other contexts of genomic imbalance investigation in microdeletion syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilária C Sgardioli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Mello Copelli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabíola P Monteiro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Dos Santos
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Lustosa Mendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Társis Paiva Vieira
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera L Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Improving the diagnosis of children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A single-center experience from Serbia. Indian Pediatr 2016; 53:786-789. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-016-0931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
18
|
Novo-Filho GM, Montenegro MM, Zanardo ÉA, Dutra RL, Dias AT, Piazzon FB, Costa TV, Nascimento AM, Honjo RS, Kim CA, Kulikowski LD. Subtelomeric Copy Number Variations: The Importance of 4p/4q Deletions in Patients with Congenital Anomalies and Developmental Disability. Cytogenet Genome Res 2016; 149:241-246. [DOI: 10.1159/000448905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent structural variations in the human genome are copy number variations (CNVs), which appear predominantly in the subtelomeric regions. Variable sizes of 4p/4q CNVs have been associated with several different psychiatric findings and developmental disability (DD). We analyzed 105 patients with congenital anomalies (CA) and developmental and/or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) using MLPA subtelomeric specific kits (P036 /P070) and 4 of them using microarrays. We found abnormal subtelomeric CNVs in 15 patients (14.3%), including 8 patients with subtelomeric deletions at 4p/4q (53.3%). Additional genomic changes were observed at 1p36, 2q37.3, 5p15.3, 5q35.3, 8p23.3, 13q11, 14q32.3, 15q11.2, and Xq28/Yq12. This indicates the prevalence of independent deletions at 4p/4q, involving PIGG, TRIML2, and FRG1. Furthermore, we identified 15 genes with changes in copy number that contribute to neurological development and/or function, among them CRMP1, SORCS2, SLC25A4, and HELT. Our results highlight the association of genes with changes in copy number at 4p and 4q subtelomeric regions and the DD phenotype. Cytogenomic characterization of additional cases with distal deletions should help clarifying the role of subtelomeric CNVs in neurological diseases.
Collapse
|
19
|
Giovani ÉM, Marinho KCT, Andia-Merlin R. Dental treatment of a patient with Opitz G/BBB syndrome. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2016; 37:102-106. [PMID: 27642052 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Opitz G/BBB syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by several abnormalities along the midline of the body, such as hypertelorism, craniofacial deformities, and dysphagia. This study reports the clinical features of Optiz syndrome and its importance in the knowledge of patients who are developmentally challenged as a whole, in order to establish adequate dental treatment for a certain clinical case. A 19-year-old patient visited the Paulista University for a dental treatment. The extraoral examination revealed ocular hypertelorism (wide-spaced eyes), oblique eyelids, epicanthus, low-set cart, and intellectual disability. During the intraoral examination, large caries lesions were observed surrounding the braces of the fixed orthodontic appliance and poor oral hygiene. Preventive and restorative treatments were carried out. It was concluded that the knowledge of patients with special needs as a whole is mandatory for an adequate dental treatment. This is a case report that highlights the importance of dentist and interdisciplinary care attendance for all patient systems, the examination and analyses should not be restricted to the oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Élcio Magdalena Giovani
- Chairman, Professor, Integrated Clinic Discipline, Coordinator of Center for Studies and Special Service for Patients, Professor, Postgraduate Dentistry Courses, UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ruth Andia-Merlin
- Associate Professor, Integrated Clinic and Center for Studies and Special Service for Patients, UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sgardioli IC, Vieira TP, Simioni M, Monteiro FP, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Laboratory Diagnosis and TBX1 and FGF8 Mutation Screening. J Pediatr Genet 2016; 4:17-22. [PMID: 27617111 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1554976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Velocardiofacial syndrome is one of the recognized forms of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS) and has an incidence of 1 of 4,000 to 1 of 6,000 births. Nevertheless, the 22q11 deletion is not found in several patients with a 22q11.2 DS phenotype. In this situation, other chromosomal aberrations and/or mutations in the T-box 1 transcription factor C (TBX1) gene have been detected in some patients. A similar phenotype to that of the 22q11.2 DS has been reported in animal models with mutations in fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) gene. To date, FGF8 mutations have not been investigated in humans. We tested a strategy to perform laboratory testing to reduce costs in the investigation of patients presenting with the 22q11.2 DS phenotype. A total of 109 individuals with clinical suspicion were investigated using GTG-banding karyotype, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and/or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. A conclusive diagnosis was achieved in 33 of 109 (30.2%) cases. In addition, mutations in the coding regions of TBX1 and FGF8 genes were investigated in selected cases where 22q11.2 deletion had been excluded, and no pathogenic mutations were detected in both genes. This study presents a strategy for molecular genetic characterization of patients presenting with the 22q11.2 DS using different laboratory techniques. This strategy could be useful in different countries, according to local resources. Also, to our knowledge, this is the first investigation of FGF8 gene in humans with this clinical suspicion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilária C Sgardioli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Társis P Vieira
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Simioni
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabíola P Monteiro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera L Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rakonjac M, Cuturilo G, Stevanovic M, Jelicic L, Subotic M, Jovanovic I, Drakulic D. Differences in speech and language abilities between children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and children with phenotypic features of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome but without microdeletion. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 55:322-329. [PMID: 27235769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2DS is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans, usually associated with speech and language delay (SLD). Approximately 75% of children with 22q11.2 microdeletion have congenital heart malformations (CHM) which after infant open-heart surgery might lead to SLD. AIMS The purpose of this study was to determine whether factors associated with microdeletion contribute to SLD in children with 22q11.2DS. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We compared speech and language abilities of two groups of school-aged children: those with 22q11.2 microdeletion (E1) and those with the phenotype resembling 22q11.2DS but without the microdeletion (E2). An age-matched group of typically developing children was also tested. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The obtained results revealed that children from group E1 have lower level of speech and language abilities compared to children from group E2 and control group. Additionally, mild to moderate SLD was detected in children from group E2 compared to children from the control group. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The obtained results imply that both CHM after infant open-heart surgery and other factors associated with 22q11.2 microdeletion, contribute to SLD in patients with 22q11.2 microdeletion. Based on this, we could postulate that there is/are some potential candidate gene(s), located in the 22q11.2 region, whose function could be important for speech and language development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Rakonjac
- Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Jovanova 35, Belgrade, Serbia; Life Activities Advancement Center, Jovanova 35, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Goran Cuturilo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; University Children's Hospital, Tirsova 10, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Milena Stevanovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ljiljana Jelicic
- Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Jovanova 35, Belgrade, Serbia; Life Activities Advancement Center, Jovanova 35, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Misko Subotic
- Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Jovanova 35, Belgrade, Serbia; Life Activities Advancement Center, Jovanova 35, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ida Jovanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; University Children's Hospital, Tirsova 10, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Danijela Drakulic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pilli SVSS, Anuradha D, Manoj N, Nagesh N, Kumar RS, Aradhyam GK. Phenotypic Variations in the 22q11 Deletion Syndrome - Study in a South Indian Population. Indian J Pediatr 2016; 83:746-7. [PMID: 26634267 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-015-1954-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satish V S S Pilli
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Anuradha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Manoj
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Nagesh
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hubsiguda, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Raghavannair Suresh Kumar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Mogappair, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Royal Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Gopala Krishna Aradhyam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Deng S, Zhou Z, de Hoog GS, Wang X, Abliz P, Sun J, Najafzadeh MJ, Pan W, Lei W, Zhu S, Hasimu H, Zhang P, Guo Y, Deng D, Liao W. Evaluation of two molecular techniques for rapid detection of the main dermatophytic agents of tinea capitis. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:1494-500. [PMID: 26342174 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tinea capitis is very common in Western China, with the most widespread aetiological agent being Trichophyton violaceum, while Microsporum canis is prevalent in the remainder of China. Conventional diagnostics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing analyses have proven relatively limited due to the close phylogenetic relationship of anthropophilic dermatophytes. Therefore, alternative molecular tools with sufficient specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity are necessary. OBJECTIVES To evaluate two molecular techniques [multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and rolling circle amplification (RCA)] for rapid detection of the aetiological agents of tinea capitis, T. violaceum and M. canis. METHODS Probes of RCA and MLPA were designed with target sequences in the rDNA ITS gene region. Strains tested consist of 31 T. violaceum, 22 M. canis and 24 reference strains of species that are taxonomically close to the target species. RESULTS The specificity and reproducibility of RCA and MLPA in detection of T. violaceum and M. canis were both 100% in both species. Sensitivity testing showed that RCA was positive at concentrations down to 1·68 × 10(6) copies of DNA in the TvioRCA probe, and 2·7 × 10(8) copies of DNA in McRCA. MLPA yielded positive results at concentrations of DNA down to 1·68 × 10(1) copies in the TvioMLPA probe and 2·7 × 10(2) in McMLPA. CONCLUSIONS The two techniques were sufficiently specific and sensitive for discriminating the target DNA of T. violaceum and M. canis from that of closely related dermatophytes. RCA and MLPA are advantageous in their reliability and ease of operation compared with standard polymerase chain reaction and conventional methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Z Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, Henan, China
| | - G S de Hoog
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - X Wang
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P Abliz
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - M J Najafzadeh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology & Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, School of Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - W Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Lei
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Hasimu
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - D Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - W Liao
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Poirsier C, Besseau-Ayasse J, Schluth-Bolard C, Toutain J, Missirian C, Le Caignec C, Bazin A, de Blois MC, Kuentz P, Catty M, Choiset A, Plessis G, Basinko A, Letard P, Flori E, Jimenez M, Valduga M, Landais E, Lallaoui H, Cartault F, Lespinasse J, Martin-Coignard D, Callier P, Pebrel-Richard C, Portnoi MF, Busa T, Receveur A, Amblard F, Yardin C, Harbuz R, Prieur F, Le Meur N, Pipiras E, Kleinfinger P, Vialard F, Doco-Fenzy M. A French multicenter study of over 700 patients with 22q11 deletions diagnosed using FISH or aCGH. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 24:844-51. [PMID: 26508576 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most recurrent human microdeletion syndrome associated with a highly variable phenotype, little is known about the condition's true incidence and the phenotype at diagnosis. We performed a multicenter, retrospective analysis of postnatally diagnosed patients recruited by members of the Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française (the French-Speaking Cytogeneticists Association). Clinical and cytogenetic data on 749 cases diagnosed between 1995 and 2013 were collected by 31 French cytogenetics laboratories. The most frequent reasons for referral of postnatally diagnosed cases were a congenital heart defect (CHD, 48.6%), facial dysmorphism (49.7%) and developmental delay (40.7%). Since 2007 (the year in which array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was introduced for the routine screening of patients with intellectual disability), almost all cases have been diagnosed using FISH (96.1%). Only 15 cases (all with an atypical phenotype) were diagnosed with aCGH; the deletion size ranged from 745 to 2904 kb. The deletion was inherited in 15.0% of cases and was of maternal origin in 85.5% of the latter. This is the largest yet documented cohort of patients with 22q11.2DS (the most commonly diagnosed microdeletion) from the same population. French cytogenetics laboratories diagnosed at least 108 affected patients (including fetuses) per year from among a national population of ∼66 million. As observed for prenatal diagnoses, CHDs were the most frequently detected malformation in postnatal diagnoses. The most common CHD in postnatal diagnoses was an isolated septal defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cédric Le Caignec
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Inserm UMR957, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Bazin
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Pasteur-Cerba, Saint-Ouen l'Aumône, France
| | - Marie Christine de Blois
- Service de Cytogénétique, CHU de Necker, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Service de Cytogénétique, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Catty
- Service de Cytogénétique, Biolille, Lille, France
| | - Agnès Choiset
- Service de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris, France
| | - Ghislaine Plessis
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Postnatal, CHU Clemenceau, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Basinko
- Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHRU de Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Flori
- Service de Cytogénétique, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | - François Cartault
- Service de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis de la Réunion, France
| | | | | | | | - Céline Pebrel-Richard
- Univ Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU-Estaing Clermont-Ferrand, Cytogénétique Médicale, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,EA 4677 ERTICA, Univ Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Tiffany Busa
- Departement de Genétique Medicale, Hopital de la Timone, CHU de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Radu Harbuz
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Cytogénétique, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Nathalie Le Meur
- Service de Cytogénétique, Etablissement Français du Sang de Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Eva Pipiras
- Hôpital Jean Verdier, UF de Cytogénétique, CHU Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM 1141, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Kleinfinger
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Pasteur-Cerba, Saint-Ouen l'Aumône, France.,Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française (French-Speaking Cytogeneticists Association), Paris, France
| | - François Vialard
- Service de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Poissy/Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France.,Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française (French-Speaking Cytogeneticists Association), Paris, France.,GIG, UVSQ, Versailles, Paris, France
| | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- Département de Génétique, CHU de Reims, Reims, France.,Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française (French-Speaking Cytogeneticists Association), Paris, France.,EA3801, SFR-CAP Santé, Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The First Case Report in Italy of Di George Syndrome Detected by Noninvasive Prenatal Testing. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2015; 2015:813104. [PMID: 26346617 PMCID: PMC4540993 DOI: 10.1155/2015/813104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Panorama Plus (Natera), a single-nucleotide polymorphism- (SNP-) based approach that relies on the identification of maternal and fetal allele distributions, allows the detection of common aneuploidies and also incorporates a panel of 5 microdeletions including Di George syndrome. We report here the first case of Di George syndrome detected by NIPT in Italy; blood was drawn at 12 weeks' gestation. The patient had an amniocentesis to confirm the diagnosis by MLPA (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) and an ultrasound aimed to detect the features associated with the syndrome. A right aortic arch and suspect of thymus atrophy were detected, but not other severe malformations typical of the disease. The patient terminated the pregnancy at 17 weeks. NIPT allowed an early screening of Di George syndrome. As the patient was at low risk, it is likely that an ultrasound would have missed the condition.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Chromosome 22q11 is characterized by the presence of chromosome-specific low-copy repeats or segmental duplications. This region of the chromosome is very unstable and susceptible to mutations. The misalignment of low-copy repeats during nonallelic homologous recombination leads to the deletion of the 22q11.2 region, which results in 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). The 22q11.2 deletion is associated with a wide variety of phenotypes. The term 22q11DS is an umbrella term that is used to encompass all 22q11.2 deletion-associated phenotypes. The haploinsufficiency of genes located at 22q11.2 affects the early morphogenesis of the pharyngeal arches, heart, skeleton, and brain. TBX1 is the most important gene for 22q11DS. This syndrome can ultimately affect many organs or systems; therefore, it has a very wide phenotypic spectrum. An increasing amount of information is available related to the pathogenesis, clinical phenotypes, and management of this syndrome in recent years. This review summarizes the current clinical and genetic status related to 22q11DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bülent Hacıhamdioğlu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Hacıhamdioğlu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Delil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome associated with congenital heart defects. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 53:248-51. [PMID: 25017279 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report prenatal diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in a pregnancy with congenital heart defects in the fetus. CASE REPORT A 26-year-old, primigravid woman was referred for counseling at 24 weeks of gestation because of abnormal ultrasound findings of fetal congenital heart defects. The Level II ultrasound revealed a singleton fetus with heart defects including overriding aorta, small pulmonary artery, and ventricular septal defect. Cordocentesis was performed. The DNA extracted from the cord blood was analyzed by multiplex ligation-dependent amplification (MLPA). The MLPA showed deletion in the DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) critical region of chromosome 22 low copy number repeat (LCR) 22-A∼C. Conventional cytogenetic analysis revealed a normal male karyotype. Repeated amniocentesis and cordocentesis were performed. Whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) on cord blood was performed. aCGH detected a 3.07-Mb deletion at 22q11.21. Conventional cytogenetic analysis of cultured amniocytes revealed a karyotype 46,XY. Metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis on cultured amniocytes confirmed an interstitial 22q11.2 deletion. CONCLUSION Prenatal ultrasound findings of congenital heart defects indicate that the fetuses are at increased risk for chromosome abnormalities. Studies for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome should be considered adjunct to conventional karyotyping. Although FISH has become a standard procedure for diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, MLPA can potentially diagnose a broader spectrum of abnormalities, and aCGH analysis has the advantage of refining the 22q11.2 deletion breakpoints and detecting uncharacterized chromosome rearrangements or genomic imbalances.
Collapse
|
28
|
Huber J, Peres VC, de Castro AL, dos Santos TJ, da Fontoura Beltrão L, de Baumont AC, Cossio SL, Dalberto TP, Riegel M, Cañedo AD, Schaan BD, Pellanda LC. Molecular screening for 22Q11.2 deletion syndrome in patients with congenital heart disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2014; 35:1356-62. [PMID: 24880467 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-0936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the prevalence of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) among patients with isolated heart defects or nonconotruncal heart defects. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by length polymorphism restriction fragment analysis (RFLP) is useful for low-cost molecular diagnosis and screening. This cross-sectional study included 392 patients with congenital heart disease, described clinical features, and performed PCR-RFLP for analysis of polymorphism in three loci with a high heterozygosity rate located in the typically deleted region of 1.5 megabases. Heterozygosity excluded 22q11.2DS. Patients with homozygosity for the three markers underwent multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the final diagnosis, estimating the prevalence of 22q11.2DS. The use of PCR-RFLP excluded 22q11.2DS in 81.6 % (n = 320) of 392 patients. Of the remaining 72 patients, 65 underwent MLPA, showing 22q11.2DS in five cases (prevalence, 1.27 %). Four of these five patients underwent FISH, confirming the MLPA results. All five patients with the deletion had heart diseases commonly found with 22q11.2DS (interrupted aortic arch, persistent truncus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, and ventricular septal defect plus atrial septal defect). Two patients had congenital extracardiac anomaly (one with arched palate and micrognathia and one with hypertelorism). Three patients reported recurrent respiratory infections, and one patient reported hypocalcemia. All were underweight or short in stature for their age. This study contributed to showing the prevalence of 22q11.2DS in patients with any congenital heart disease, with or without other features of the syndrome. Patients with 22q11.2DS may not have all the major features of the syndrome, and those that are found may be due to the heart defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Huber
- Unidade de Pesquisa, Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370, Santana, Porto Alegre, RS, 90620-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Campos CMR, Zanardo EA, Dutra RL, Kulikowski LD, Kim CA. Investigation of copy number variation in children with conotruncal heart defects. Arq Bras Cardiol 2014; 104:24-31. [PMID: 25387403 PMCID: PMC4387608 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most prevalent group of structural abnormalities at birth and one of the main causes of infant morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown a contribution of the copy number variation in the genesis of cardiac malformations. OBJECTIVES Investigate gene copy number variation (CNV) in children with conotruncal heart defect. METHODS Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed in 39 patients with conotruncal heart defect. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted in all patients. The parents of the probands who presented abnormal findings were also investigated. RESULTS Gene copy number variation was detected in 7/39 patients: 22q11.2 deletion, 22q11.2 duplication, 15q11.2 duplication, 20p12.2 duplication, 19p deletion, 15q and 8p23.2 duplication with 10p12.31 duplication. The clinical characteristics were consistent with those reported in the literature associated with the encountered microdeletion/microduplication. None of these changes was inherited from the parents. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the technique of MLPA is useful in the investigation of microdeletions and microduplications in conotruncal congenital heart defects. Early diagnosis of the copy number variation in patients with congenital heart defect assists in the prevention of morbidity and decreased mortality in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelin Aline Zanardo
- Laboratório de Citogenômica - LIM 03, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Lelis Dutra
- Laboratório de Citogenômica - LIM 03, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Chong Ae Kim
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Koontz D, Baecher K, Kobrynski L, Nikolova S, Gallagher M. A pyrosequencing-based assay for the rapid detection of the 22q11.2 deletion in DNA from buccal and dried blood spot samples. J Mol Diagn 2014; 16:533-540. [PMID: 24973633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is one of the most common deletion syndromes in newborns. Some affected newborns may be diagnosed shortly after birth because of the presence of heart defects, palatal defects, or severe immune deficiencies. However, diagnosis is often delayed in patients presenting with other associated conditions that would benefit from early recognition and treatment, such as speech delays, learning difficulties, and schizophrenia. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the gold standard for deletion detection, but it is costly and time consuming and requires a whole blood specimen. Our goal was to develop a suitable assay for population-based screening of easily collectible specimens, such as buccal swabs and dried blood spots (DBS). We designed a pyrosequencing assay and validated it using DNA from FISH-confirmed 22q11 deletion syndrome patients and normal controls. We tested DBS from nine patients and paired buccal cell and venous blood specimens from 20 patients. Results were 100% concordant with FISH assay results. DNA samples from normal controls (n = 180 cell lines, n = 15 DBS, and n = 88 buccal specimens) were negative for the deletion. Limiting dilution experiments demonstrated that accurate results could be obtained from as little as 1 ng of DNA. This method represents a reliable and low-cost alternative for detection of the common 22q11.2 microdeletions and can be adapted to high-throughput population screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Koontz
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Kirsten Baecher
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lisa Kobrynski
- Allergy and Immunology Section, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stanimila Nikolova
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Margaret Gallagher
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Monteiro FP, Vieira TP, Sgardioli IC, Molck MC, Damiano AP, Souza J, Monlleó IL, Fontes MIB, Fett-Conte AC, Félix TM, Leal GF, Ribeiro EM, Banzato CEM, Dantas CDR, Lopes-Cendes I, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. Defining new guidelines for screening the 22q11.2 deletion based on a clinical and dysmorphologic evaluation of 194 individuals and review of the literature. Eur J Pediatr 2013; 172:927-45. [PMID: 23440478 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-013-1964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion is the most frequent interstitial deletion in humans and presents a wide phenotypic spectrum, with over 180 clinical manifestations described. Distinct studies have detected frequencies of the deletion ranging from 0 % to 75 %, depending on the studied population and selection criteria adopted. Due to the lack of consensus in this matter, several studies have been conducted aiming to define which patients would be eligible for screening; however, the issue is still up for debate. In order to contribute to the delineation of possible clinical and dysmorphologic guidelines to optimize decision making in the clinical setting, 194 individuals with variable features of the 22q11.2 deletion syndromes (22q11.2DS) were evaluated. Group I, clinical suspicion of 22q11.2DS with palatal anomalies; Group II, clinical suspicion without palatal anomalies; Group III, cardiac malformations associated with the 22q11.2DS; and Group IV, juvenile-onset schizophrenia. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was used for screening the 22q11.2 deletion, which was detected in 45 patients (23.2 %), distributed as such: Group I, 35/101 (34.7 %); Group II, 4/18 (22.2 %); Group III, 6/52 (11.5 %); and Group IV, 0/23 (0 %). Clinical data were analyzed by frequency distribution and statistically. Based on the present results and on the review of the literature, we propose a set of guidelines for screening patients with distinct manifestations of the 22q11.2DS in order to maximize resources. In addition, we report the dysmorphic features which we found to be statistically correlated with the presence of the 22q11.2DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola P Monteiro
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Campinas, Tessália Vieira de Camargo Street, 126 - CEP, 13083-887 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen CP, Ko TM, Chen YY, Su JW, Wang W. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of mosaicism for a small supernumerary marker chromosome derived from chromosome 22 associated with cat eye syndrome. Gene 2013; 527:384-8. [PMID: 23747353 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We present prenatal diagnosis of mosaicism for a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) derived from chromosome 22 associated with cat eye syndrome (CES) using cultured amniocytes in a pregnancy with fetal microcephaly, intrauterine growth restriction, left renal hypoplasia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return with dominant right heart and right ear deformity. The sSMC was bisatellited and dicentric, and was characterized by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). The SALSA MLPA P250-B1 DiGeorge Probemix showed duplication of gene dosage in the CES region. aCGH showed a 1.26-Mb duplication at 22q11.1-q11.21 encompassing CECR1-CECR7. The sSMC was likely inv dup(22) (q11.21). Prenatal diagnosis of an sSMC(22) at amniocentesis should alert CES. MLPA, aCGH and fetal ultrasound are useful for rapid diagnosis of CES in case of prenatally detected sSMC(22).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a proximal deletion of 22q (22q11.2→q11.21). Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 52:147-51. [PMID: 23548242 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2012.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
34
|
The role of modern imaging techniques in the diagnosis of malposition of the branch pulmonary arteries and possible association with microdeletion 22q11.2. Cardiol Young 2013; 23:181-8. [PMID: 22717372 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951112000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Malposition of the branch pulmonary arteries is a rare malformation with two forms. In the typical form, pulmonary arteries cross each other as they proceed to their respective lungs. The “lesser form” is characterised by the left pulmonary artery ostium lying directly superior to the ostium of the right pulmonary artery, without crossing of the branch pulmonary arteries. Malposition of the branch pulmonary arteries is often associated with other congenital heart defects and extracardiac anomalies, as well as with 22q11.2 microdeletion. We report three infants with crossed pulmonary arteries and one adolescent with “lesser form” of the malformation. The results suggest that diagnosis of malposition of the branch pulmonary arteries could be challenging if based solely on echocardiography, whereas modern imaging technologies such as contrast computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography provide reliable establishment of diagnosis. In addition, we performed the first molecular characterisation of the 22q11.2 region among patients with malposition of the branch pulmonary arteries and revealed a 3-megabase deletion in two out of four patients
Collapse
|
35
|
Vieira TP, Sgardioli IC, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. Genetics and public health: the experience of a reference center for diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion in Brazil and suggestions for implementing genetic testing. J Community Genet 2013; 4:99-106. [PMID: 23086469 PMCID: PMC3537976 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-012-0123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the prevalence of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS) of around 1:4,000 and of palatal abnormalities in 70 % of the cases of 22q11.2 DS and taking into account the Brazilian health system and its current situation of medical genetic services, this study aims to contribute to establish strategies for genetic diagnosis. The access to genetic testing at 11 services was investigated and samples from 100 patients with palatal abnormalities and suspicion of 22q11.2 DS were sent to a reference center. Laboratorial techniques included karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Costs were also calculated. Disparities among centers for genetic diagnosis were evident, with remarkable regional differences. Some of the obstacles encountered were difficulties for families to show up for medical appointments, complementary evaluations, and for the clinics to send the samples to the reference center. A conclusive diagnosis was reached for 38 % of patients. Combination of karyotyping and FISH had better laboratorial cost-effectiveness. These results might represent the reality for the investigation of other genetic conditions. Clinical and laboratorial approaches herein presented could be adapted for use under different genetic conditions in the Brazilian health system, which has relatively limited financial and human resources. Suggestions for the rational implementation of genetic testing in developing countries are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Társis Paiva Vieira
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, CEP 13083-887 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Ilária Cristina Sgardioli
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, CEP 13083-887 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, CEP 13083-887 Campinas, SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Anasagasti A, Irigoyen C, Barandika O, López de Munain A, Ruiz-Ederra J. Current mutation discovery approaches in Retinitis Pigmentosa. Vision Res 2012; 75:117-29. [PMID: 23022136 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2012.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
With a worldwide prevalence of about 1 in 3500-5000 individuals, Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is the most common form of hereditary retinal degeneration. It is an extremely heterogeneous group of genetically determined retinal diseases leading to progressive loss of vision due to impairment of rod and cone photoreceptors. RP can be inherited as an autosomal-recessive, autosomal-dominant, or X-linked trait. Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns such as digenic, maternal (mitochondrial) or compound heterozygosity have also been reported. To date, more than 65 genes have been implicated in syndromic and non-syndromic forms of RP, which account for only about 60% of all RP cases. Due to this high heterogeneity and diversity of inheritance patterns, the molecular diagnosis of syndromic and non-syndromic RP is very challenging, and the heritability of 40% of total RP cases worldwide remains unknown. However new sequencing methodologies, boosted by the human genome project, have contributed to exponential plummeting in sequencing costs, thereby making it feasible to include molecular testing for RP patients in routine clinical practice within the coming years. Here, we summarize the most widely used state-of-the-art technologies currently applied for the molecular diagnosis of RP, and address their strengths and weaknesses for the molecular diagnosis of such a complex genetic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ander Anasagasti
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fu CH, Leung C, Kao CH, Yeh SJ. Noncardiac DiGeorge syndrome diagnosed with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification: A case report. J Formos Med Assoc 2012; 114:769-73. [PMID: 26254176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
DiGeorge syndrome is not really a rare disease. A microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.2 is found in most patients. Sharing the same genetic cause, a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations such as conotruncal anomaly face syndrome, Cayler cardiofacial syndrome, and velocardiofacial syndrome have been reported. Classic characteristics are cardiac defects, abnormal facial features, thymic hypoplasia, cleft palate, and hypocalcemia. We report a 6-year-old female child presenting with generalized seizure resulting from hypocalcemia. She had no cardiac defects and no hypocalcemia episode in neonatal stage, and had been said to be normal before by her parents until the diagnosis was made. This highlights the importance of extracardiac manifestations in the diagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome, and many affected patients may be underestimated with minor facial dysmorphism. As health practitioners, it is our duty to identify the victims undermined in the population, and start thorough investigations and the following rehabilitation as soon as possible. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification is a rapid, reliable, and economical alternative for the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Panchiao, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheung Leung
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Panchiao, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chuan-Hong Kao
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Panchiao, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Jen Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Panchiao, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mademont-Soler I, Morales C, Soler A, Clusellas N, Margarit E, Martínez-Barrios E, Martínez JM, Sánchez A. MLPA: a prenatal diagnostic tool for the study of congenital heart defects? Gene 2012; 500:151-4. [PMID: 22446045 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHD) represent the most common birth defects, so they are not a rare finding when performing routine ultrasound examinations during pregnancy. Once chromosome abnormalities have been excluded in a fetus with a CHD, chromosome 22q11.2 deletion is usually investigated by FISH, as it is the most frequent microdeletion syndrome and is generally associated with cardiac malformations. If 22q11.2 microdeletion is ruled out, the etiology of the CHD remains generally unexplained, making familial genetic counseling difficult. To evaluate the usefulness of Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) kits designed for the study of 22q11.2 and other genomic regions previously associated with syndromic CHD, we performed MLPA in 55 pregnancies with fetuses presenting CHD, normal karyotype and negative FISH results for 22q11.2 microdeletion, which constitutes the largest prenatal series reported. Definitive MLPA results were obtained in 50 pregnancies, and in this setting such MLPA kits did not detect any imbalance. On the other hand, to compare FISH and MLPA techniques for the study of 22q11.2 microdeletions, we performed MLPA in 4 pregnancies known to have 22q11.2 deletions (by FISH). All four 22q11.2 microdeletions were also detected by MLPA, which corroborates that it is a reliable technique for the diagnosis and characterization of 22q11.2 deletions. Finally, we evaluated the possibility of replacing conventional FISH by MLPA for the prenatal diagnosis of CHD, comparing the diagnostic potential, results delivery times, repetition and failure rates and cost of both techniques, and concluded that FISH should still be the technique of choice for the prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with CHD.
Collapse
|
39
|
Cuturilo G, Menten B, Krstic A, Drakulic D, Jovanovic I, Parezanovic V, Stevanovic M. 4q34.1-q35.2 deletion in a boy with phenotype resembling 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2011; 170:1465-70. [PMID: 21833498 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-011-1533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Small terminal or interstitial deletions involving bands 4q34 and 4q35 have been described in several patients with a relatively mild phenotype such as mild to moderate intellectual disability and minor dysmorphic features. We present a boy born from unrelated parents with a de novo 4q34.1-q35.2 deletion and clinical features resembling 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported patient with 4q34-q35 deletion and phenotype resembling 22q11.2 deletion syndrome without fifth finger anomalies as a specific feature of 4q- syndrome. G-banding karyotyping disclosed the deletion, which was further delineated by microarray comparative genomic hybridization. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analyses did not reveal rearrangements of 22q11.2 region. MLPA confirmed the deletion within the 4q35.2 region. CONCLUSION Given the considerable clinical overlaps between the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and clinical manifestation of the patient described in this study, we propose that region 4q34.1-q35.2 should be considered as another region associated with phenotype resembling 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. We also propose that distal 4q deletions should be considered in the evaluation of patients with phenotypic manifestations resembling 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in whom no 22q11.2 microdeletion was detected, even in the absence of distinctive fifth finger anomalies. Additionally, we underline the importance of applying array CGH that enables simultaneous genome-wide detection and delineation of copy number changes (e.g., deletions and duplications).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Cuturilo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jacquemont S, Reymond A, Zufferey F, Harewood L, Walters RG, Kutalik Z, Martinet D, Shen Y, Valsesia A, Beckmann ND, Thorleifsson G, Belfiore M, Bouquillon S, Campion D, De Leeuw N, De Vries BBA, Esko T, Fernandez BA, Fernández-Aranda F, Fernández-Real JM, Gratacòs M, Guilmatre A, Hoyer J, Jarvelin MR, Kooy FR, Kurg A, Le Caignec C, Männik K, Platt OS, Sanlaville D, Van Haelst MM, Villatoro Gomez S, Walha F, Wu BL, Yu Y, Aboura A, Addor MC, Alembik Y, Antonarakis SE, Arveiler B, Barth M, Bednarek N, Béna F, Bergmann S, Beri M, Bernardini L, Blaumeiser B, Bonneau D, Bottani A, Boute O, Brunner HG, Cailley D, Callier P, Chiesa J, Chrast J, Coin L, Coutton C, Cuisset JM, Cuvellier JC, David A, De Freminville B, Delobel B, Delrue MA, Demeer B, Descamps D, Didelot G, Dieterich K, Disciglio V, Doco-Fenzy M, Drunat S, Duban-Bedu B, Dubourg C, El-Sayed Moustafa JS, Elliott P, Faas BHW, Faivre L, Faudet A, Fellmann F, Ferrarini A, Fisher R, Flori E, Forer L, Gaillard D, Gerard M, Gieger C, Gimelli S, Gimelli G, Grabe HJ, Guichet A, Guillin O, Hartikainen AL, Heron D, Hippolyte L, Holder M, Homuth G, Isidor B, Jaillard S, Jaros Z, Jiménez-Murcia S, Joly Helas G, Jonveaux P, Kaksonen S, Keren B, Kloss-Brandstätter A, Knoers NVAM, Koolen DA, Kroisel PM, Kronenberg F, Labalme A, Landais E, Lapi E, Layet V, Legallic S, Leheup B, Leube B, Lewis S, Lucas J, Macdermot KD, Magnusson P, Marshall CR, Mathieu-Dramard M, Mccarthy MI, Meitinger T, Antonietta Mencarelli M, Merla G, Moerman A, Mooser V, Morice-Picard F, Mucciolo M, Nauck M, Coumba Ndiaye N, Nordgren A, Pasquier L, Petit F, Pfundt R, Plessis G, Rajcan-Separovic E, Paolo Ramelli G, Rauch A, Ravazzolo R, Reis A, Renieri A, Richart C, Ried JS, Rieubland C, Roberts W, Roetzer KM, Rooryck C, Rossi M, Saemundsen E, Satre V, Schurmann C, Sigurdsson E, Stavropoulos DJ, Stefansson H, Tengström C, Thorsteinsdóttir U, Tinahones FJ, Touraine R, Vallée L, Van Binsbergen E, Van Der Aa N, Vincent-Delorme C, Visvikis-Siest S, Vollenweider P, Völzke H, Vulto-Van Silfhout AT, Waeber G, Wallgren-Pettersson C, Witwicki RM, Zwolinksi S, Andrieux J, Estivill X, Gusella JF, Gustafsson O, Metspalu A, Scherer SW, Stefansson K, Blakemore AIF, Beckmann JS, Froguel P. Mirror extreme BMI phenotypes associated with gene dosage at the chromosome 16p11.2 locus. Nature 2011; 478:97-102. [PMID: 21881559 PMCID: PMC3637175 DOI: 10.1038/nature10406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both obesity and being underweight have been associated with increased mortality. Underweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 18.5 kg per m(2) in adults and ≤ -2 standard deviations from the mean in children, is the main sign of a series of heterogeneous clinical conditions including failure to thrive, feeding and eating disorder and/or anorexia nervosa. In contrast to obesity, few genetic variants underlying these clinical conditions have been reported. We previously showed that hemizygosity of a ∼600-kilobase (kb) region on the short arm of chromosome 16 causes a highly penetrant form of obesity that is often associated with hyperphagia and intellectual disabilities. Here we show that the corresponding reciprocal duplication is associated with being underweight. We identified 138 duplication carriers (including 132 novel cases and 108 unrelated carriers) from individuals clinically referred for developmental or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) or psychiatric disorders, or recruited from population-based cohorts. These carriers show significantly reduced postnatal weight and BMI. Half of the boys younger than five years are underweight with a probable diagnosis of failure to thrive, whereas adult duplication carriers have an 8.3-fold increased risk of being clinically underweight. We observe a trend towards increased severity in males, as well as a depletion of male carriers among non-medically ascertained cases. These features are associated with an unusually high frequency of selective and restrictive eating behaviours and a significant reduction in head circumference. Each of the observed phenotypes is the converse of one reported in carriers of deletions at this locus. The phenotypes correlate with changes in transcript levels for genes mapping within the duplication but not in flanking regions. The reciprocal impact of these 16p11.2 copy-number variants indicates that severe obesity and being underweight could have mirror aetiologies, possibly through contrasting effects on energy balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Centre de génomique intégrative
Université de Lausanne1015 Lausanne,CH
| | - Flore Zufferey
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU Vaudois1011 Lausanne,CH
| | - Louise Harewood
- Centre de génomique intégrative
Université de Lausanne1015 Lausanne,CH
| | - Robin G. Walters
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease
Imperial College LondonHammersmith hospital, London W12 0NN,GB
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of LausanneCH
- SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsQuartier Sorge - Batiment Genopode 1015 Lausanne Switzerland,CH
| | | | - Yiping Shen
- Laboratory Medicine
Children's Hospital BostonBoston, Massachusetts 02115,US
- Center for Human Genetic Research
Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts 02114,US
| | - Armand Valsesia
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of LausanneCH
- SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsQuartier Sorge - Batiment Genopode 1015 Lausanne Switzerland,CH
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
Université de Lausanne1015 Lausanne,CH
| | | | | | - Marco Belfiore
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU Vaudois1011 Lausanne,CH
| | - Sonia Bouquillon
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale
Hôpital Jeanne de FlandreCHRU Lille59037 Lille Cedex,FR
| | - Dominique Campion
- Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques
INSERM : U614Université de RouenUFR de Medecine et de Pharmacie 22, Boulevard Gambetta 76183 Rouen cedex,FR
- Estonian Genome and Medicine
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
| | - Nicole De Leeuw
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
| | - Bert B. A. De Vries
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome and Medicine
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
| | - Bridget A. Fernandez
- Disciplines of Genetics and Medicine
Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John's Newfoundland,CA
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry
University Hospital of BellvitgeCIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición08907 Barcelona,ES
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition
University Hospital of GironaBiomedical Research Institute "Dr Josep Trueta"CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición17007 Girona,ES
| | - Mònica Gratacòs
- CRG-UPF, Center for Genomic Regulation
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)C/ Dr. Aiguader, 88 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,ES
| | - Audrey Guilmatre
- Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques
INSERM : U614Université de RouenUFR de Medecine et de Pharmacie 22, Boulevard Gambetta 76183 Rouen cedex,FR
- Estonian Genome and Medicine
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
| | - Juliane Hoyer
- Institute of Human Genetics
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg91054 Erlangen,DE
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of child and adolescent health
National Institute for Health and WelfareUniversity of OuluInstitute of Health Sciences and Biocenter OuluBox 310, 90101 Oulu,FI
| | - Frank R. Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics
University Hospital Antwerp2650 Edegem,BE
| | - Ants Kurg
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
| | - Cédric Le Caignec
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale
INSERM : U587Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-TrousseauUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6Paris,FR
| | - Katrin Männik
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
| | - Orah S. Platt
- Laboratory Medicine
Children's Hospital BostonBoston, Massachusetts 02115,US
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle
Hospices Civils de LyonCHU de LyonCentre Neuroscience et Recherche69000 Lyon,FR
| | - Mieke M. Van Haelst
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease
Imperial College LondonHammersmith hospital, London W12 0NN,GB
- Department of Medical Genetics
University Medical Center Utrecht3584 EA Utrecht,NL
| | - Sergi Villatoro Gomez
- CRG-UPF, Center for Genomic Regulation
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)C/ Dr. Aiguader, 88 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,ES
| | - Faida Walha
- Centre de génomique intégrative
Université de Lausanne1015 Lausanne,CH
| | - Bai-Lin Wu
- Laboratory Medicine
Children's Hospital BostonBoston, Massachusetts 02115,US
- Institutes of Biomedical Science
Fudan UniversityChildren's Hospital200032 Shanghai,CN
| | - Yongguo Yu
- Laboratory Medicine
Children's Hospital BostonBoston, Massachusetts 02115,US
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center
Shanghai Children's Medical Center200127 Shanghai,CN
| | - Azzedine Aboura
- Département de génétique
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Paris VII - Paris Diderot48, boulevard Sérurier 75935 Paris cedex 19,FR
| | | | - Yves Alembik
- Service de cytogénétique
CHU StrasbourgHôpital de Hautepierre1 Av Moliere 67098 Strasbourg Cedex,FR
| | | | - Benoît Arveiler
- MRGM, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme
Hôpital PellegrinService de Génétique Médicale du CHU de BordeauxUniversité Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II : EA4576146 rue Léo-Saignat - 33076 Bordeaux Cedex,FR
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU BordeauxGroupe hospitalier PellegrinUniversité de BordeauxBordeaux,FR
| | - Magalie Barth
- Service de génétique [Angers]
CHU AngersUniversité d'Angersrue Larrey, 49100 Angers,FR
| | - Nathalie Bednarek
- URCA, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique9 boulevard Paix - 51097 Reims cedex,FR
| | - Frédérique Béna
- Génétique médicale
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève1205 Geneva,CH
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of LausanneCH
- SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsQuartier Sorge - Batiment Genopode 1015 Lausanne Switzerland,CH
- Department of Molecular Genetics
Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot,IL
| | - Mylène Beri
- Laboratoire de Génétique
CHU NancyVandoeuvre les Nancy,FR
| | - Laura Bernardini
- Mendel Laboratory
IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital71013 San Giovanni Rotondo,IT
| | - Bettina Blaumeiser
- Department of Medical Genetics
University Hospital Antwerp2650 Edegem,BE
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Service de génétique [Angers]
CHU AngersUniversité d'Angersrue Larrey, 49100 Angers,FR
| | - Armand Bottani
- Génétique médicale
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève1205 Geneva,CH
| | - Odile Boute
- Service de Génétique clinique
Hôpital Jeanne de FlandreCHRU Lille2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59000 Lille,FR
| | - Han G. Brunner
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
| | - Dorothée Cailley
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU BordeauxGroupe hospitalier PellegrinUniversité de BordeauxBordeaux,FR
| | | | - Jean Chiesa
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique
CHU Nîmes30029 Nimes,FR
| | - Jacqueline Chrast
- Centre de génomique intégrative
Université de Lausanne1015 Lausanne,CH
| | - Lachlan Coin
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease
Imperial College LondonHammersmith hospital, London W12 0NN,GB
| | - Charles Coutton
- Département de génétique et procréation
CHU GrenobleUniversité Joseph Fourier - Grenoble Ifaculté de médecine-pharmacieDomaine de la Merci, 38706 Grenoble,FR
- AGIM, AGeing and IMagery, CNRS FRE3405
Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble IEcole Pratique des Hautes EtudesCNRS : UMR5525Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, 38700 La Tronche,FR
- Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire
CHU Grenoble38043 Grenoble,FR
| | - Jean-Marie Cuisset
- Service de Neuropédiatrie
CHRU LilleHôpital Roger Salengro59037 Lille,FR
| | | | - Albert David
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale
INSERM : U587Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-TrousseauUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6Paris,FR
| | | | - Bruno Delobel
- Centre de Génétique Chromosomique
GHICLHôpital Saint Vincent de PaulBoulevard de Belfort B.P. 387 59020 LILLE CEDEX,FR
| | - Marie-Ange Delrue
- MRGM, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme
Hôpital PellegrinService de Génétique Médicale du CHU de BordeauxUniversité Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II : EA4576146 rue Léo-Saignat - 33076 Bordeaux Cedex,FR
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU BordeauxGroupe hospitalier PellegrinUniversité de BordeauxBordeaux,FR
| | - Bénédicte Demeer
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU AMIENSPlace Victor Pauchet, 80054 Amiens Cedex 1,FR
| | - Dominique Descamps
- Centre hospitalier de Béthune
Centre hospitalier de Béthune62408 Bethune,FR
| | - Gérard Didelot
- Centre de génomique intégrative
Université de Lausanne1015 Lausanne,CH
| | | | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Department of Biotechnology
Università degli studi di SienaMedical Genetics53100 Siena,IT
| | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- Service de Génétique
CHU ReimsHôpital Maison BlancheIFR 5351092 Reims,FR
| | - Séverine Drunat
- Département de génétique
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Paris VII - Paris Diderot48, boulevard Sérurier 75935 Paris cedex 19,FR
| | - Bénédicte Duban-Bedu
- Centre de Génétique Chromosomique
GHICLHôpital Saint Vincent de PaulBoulevard de Belfort B.P. 387 59020 LILLE CEDEX,FR
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- IGDR, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes
CNRS : UMR6061Université de Rennes 1IFR140Faculté de Médecine - CS 34317 2 Av du Professeur Léon Bernard 35043 RENNES CEDEX,FR
| | | | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health
Imperial College LondonSt Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG,GB
| | - Brigitte H. W. Faas
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen
Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB NijmegenNL
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Department of Experimental Cardiology
Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC)Academic Medical Center (AMC)Meibergdreef 9, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam,NL
| | - Anne Faudet
- Département de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreUniversité Paris VI - Pierre et Marie Curie47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital 75651 PARIS Cedex 13,FR
| | | | | | - Richard Fisher
- Institute of human genetics
International Centre for LifeNewcastle Upon Tyne NE1 4EP,GB
| | - Elisabeth Flori
- Service de cytogénétique
CHU StrasbourgHôpital de Hautepierre1 Av Moliere 67098 Strasbourg Cedex,FR
| | - Lukas Forer
- Division of genetic epidemiology
Innsbruck Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical GeneticsMolecular and Clinical Pharmacology6020 Innsbruck,AT
| | - Dominique Gaillard
- Service de Génétique
CHU ReimsHôpital Maison BlancheIFR 5351092 Reims,FR
| | - Marion Gerard
- Département de génétique
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Paris VII - Paris Diderot48, boulevard Sérurier 75935 Paris cedex 19,FR
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Experimental Medicine
Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicVídeÅ�ská 1083 142 20 Prague,CZ
| | - Stefania Gimelli
- Génétique médicale
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève1205 Geneva,CH
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oulu90570 Oulu,FI
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di citogenetica
G. Gaslini Institute16147 Genova,IT
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald17475 Greifswald and D-18437 Stralsund,DE
| | - Agnès Guichet
- Service de génétique [Angers]
CHU AngersUniversité d'Angersrue Larrey, 49100 Angers,FR
| | - Olivier Guillin
- Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques
INSERM : U614Université de RouenUFR de Medecine et de Pharmacie 22, Boulevard Gambetta 76183 Rouen cedex,FR
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oulu90570 Oulu,FI
| | - Délphine Heron
- Département de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreUniversité Paris VI - Pierre et Marie Curie47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital 75651 PARIS Cedex 13,FR
| | | | - Muriel Holder
- Service de Génétique clinique
Hôpital Jeanne de FlandreCHRU Lille2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59000 Lille,FR
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University GreifswaldD-17487 Greifswald,DE
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale
INSERM : U587Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-TrousseauUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6Paris,FR
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- IGDR, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes
CNRS : UMR6061Université de Rennes 1IFR140Faculté de Médecine - CS 34317 2 Av du Professeur Léon Bernard 35043 RENNES CEDEX,FR
| | - Zdenek Jaros
- Abteilung für Kinder und Jugendheilkunde
Landesklinikum Waldviertel Zwettl3910 Zwettl,AT
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry
University Hospital of BellvitgeCIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición08907 Barcelona,ES
| | | | | | - Satu Kaksonen
- The Habilitation Unit of Folkhalsan
The Habilitation Unit of FolkhalsanFolkhalsan, SF 00250 Helsinki,FI
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreUniversité Paris VI - Pierre et Marie Curie47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital 75651 PARIS Cedex 13,FR
| | - Anita Kloss-Brandstätter
- Division of genetic epidemiology
Innsbruck Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical GeneticsMolecular and Clinical Pharmacology6020 Innsbruck,AT
| | - Nine V. A. M. Knoers
- Department of Medical Genetics
University Medical Center Utrecht3584 EA Utrecht,NL
| | - David A. Koolen
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
| | | | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of genetic epidemiology
Innsbruck Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical GeneticsMolecular and Clinical Pharmacology6020 Innsbruck,AT
| | - Audrey Labalme
- Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle
Hospices Civils de LyonCHU de LyonCentre Neuroscience et Recherche69000 Lyon,FR
| | - Emilie Landais
- Service de Génétique
CHU ReimsHôpital Maison BlancheIFR 5351092 Reims,FR
| | - Elisabetta Lapi
- Medical Genetics Unit
Children's Hospital Anna Meyer50139 Firenze,IT
| | - Valérie Layet
- Unité de Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale
Hôpital Gustave FlaubertGroupe Hospitalier du Havre76600 Le Havre,FR
| | - Solenn Legallic
- Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques
INSERM : U614Université de RouenUFR de Medecine et de Pharmacie 22, Boulevard Gambetta 76183 Rouen cedex,FR
| | - Bruno Leheup
- Service de médecine infantile III et génétique clinique
CHU NancyUniversité Henri Poincaré - Nancy IPRES de l'université de Lorraine54511 Vandoeuvre les Nancy,FR
| | - Barbara Leube
- Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology
Heinrich-Heine University Hospital DuesseldorfD-40001 Duesseldorf,DE
| | - Suzanne Lewis
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of British ColumbiaChild and Family Research InstituteVancouver V6H 3N1,CA
| | - Josette Lucas
- IGDR, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes
CNRS : UMR6061Université de Rennes 1IFR140Faculté de Médecine - CS 34317 2 Av du Professeur Léon Bernard 35043 RENNES CEDEX,FR
| | - Kay D. Macdermot
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service
Northwick Park & St Marks HospitalHarrow HA1 3UJ,GB
| | - Pall Magnusson
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Landspitali University HospitalIS-105 Reykjavík,IS
| | - Christian R. Marshall
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology
The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7,CA
| | | | - Mark I. Mccarthy
- OCDEM, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
University of OxfordChurchill Hospital Oxford OX3 7LJ,GB
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics
University of OxfordOxford,GB
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics
HelmholtzZentrum MünchenTechnische Universität München (TUM)German Research Center for Environmental Health85764 Neuherberg,DE
| | | | - Giuseppe Merla
- Medical Genetics Unit
IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital71013 San Giovanni Rotondo,IT
| | - Alexandre Moerman
- Service de Génétique clinique
Hôpital Jeanne de FlandreCHRU Lille2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59000 Lille,FR
| | - Vincent Mooser
- Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D
GlaxoSmithKline720 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406,US
| | - Fanny Morice-Picard
- MRGM, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme
Hôpital PellegrinService de Génétique Médicale du CHU de BordeauxUniversité Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II : EA4576146 rue Léo-Saignat - 33076 Bordeaux Cedex,FR
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU BordeauxGroupe hospitalier PellegrinUniversité de BordeauxBordeaux,FR
| | - Mafalda Mucciolo
- Department of Biotechnology
Università degli studi di SienaMedical Genetics53100 Siena,IT
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University GreifswaldD-17475 Greifswald,DE
| | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- Génétique cardiovasculaire
Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I : EA437354000 Nancy,FR
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery
Karolinska InstitutetSE
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- IGDR, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes
CNRS : UMR6061Université de Rennes 1IFR140Faculté de Médecine - CS 34317 2 Av du Professeur Léon Bernard 35043 RENNES CEDEX,FR
| | - Florence Petit
- Service de Génétique clinique
Hôpital Jeanne de FlandreCHRU Lille2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59000 Lille,FR
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
| | - Ghislaine Plessis
- Service de génétique
CHU CaenHôpital ClémenceauAvenue Georges Clémenceau, Caen,FR
| | - Evica Rajcan-Separovic
- Department of Pathology
University of British ColumbiaChild and Family Research InstituteVancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4,CA
| | | | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics
University of Zurich8603 Schwerzenbach,CH
| | - Roberto Ravazzolo
- Department of pediatrics and CEBR
University of GenovaG. Gaslini Institute16126 Genova,IT
| | - Andre Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg91054 Erlangen,DE
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Department of Biotechnology
Università degli studi di SienaMedical Genetics53100 Siena,IT
| | - Cristobal Richart
- Department of Internal Medicine
University Hospital Juan XXIIIUniversitat Rovira y VirgiliCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN)Instituto Salud Carlos III43005 Tarragona,ES
| | - Janina S. Ried
- Institute of Experimental Medicine
Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicVídeÅ�ská 1083 142 20 Prague,CZ
| | - Claudine Rieubland
- Division of Human Genetics
University of BernDepartment of Paediatrics, Inselspital3010 Bern,CH
| | - Wendy Roberts
- Autism Research Unit
The Hospital for Sick Children and Bloorview Kids RehabilitationUniversity of TorontoToronto, Ontario, M5G 1Z8,CA
| | | | - Caroline Rooryck
- MRGM, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme
Hôpital PellegrinService de Génétique Médicale du CHU de BordeauxUniversité Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II : EA4576146 rue Léo-Saignat - 33076 Bordeaux Cedex,FR
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU BordeauxGroupe hospitalier PellegrinUniversité de BordeauxBordeaux,FR
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle
Hospices Civils de LyonCHU de LyonCentre Neuroscience et Recherche69000 Lyon,FR
| | | | - Véronique Satre
- Département de génétique et procréation
CHU GrenobleUniversité Joseph Fourier - Grenoble Ifaculté de médecine-pharmacieDomaine de la Merci, 38706 Grenoble,FR
- AGIM, AGeing and IMagery, CNRS FRE3405
Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble IEcole Pratique des Hautes EtudesCNRS : UMR5525Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, 38700 La Tronche,FR
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University GreifswaldD-17487 Greifswald,DE
| | - Engilbert Sigurdsson
- University of Iceland
University of IcelandDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhaga 2-6, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland;,IS
| | - Dimitri J. Stavropoulos
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine
Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Ontario M5G 1X8,CA
| | | | - Carola Tengström
- Genetic Services
Rinnekoti Research FoundationKumputie 1, SF-02980 Espoo,FI
| | | | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition
Clinic Hospital of Virgen de la VictoriaCiber Fisiopatologia y Nutricion (CIBEROBN)Instituto Salud Carlos III29010 Malaga,ES
| | - Renaud Touraine
- Service de génétique
CHU Saint-EtienneHôpital nord42055 St Etienne,FR
| | - Louis Vallée
- Service de Neuropédiatrie
CHRU LilleHôpital Roger Salengro59037 Lille,FR
| | - Ellen Van Binsbergen
- Department of Medical Genetics
University Medical Center Utrecht3584 EA Utrecht,NL
| | | | - Catherine Vincent-Delorme
- Centre de Maladies Rares
Anomalies du Développement Nord de FranceCH Arras - CHRU Lille59000 Arras,FR
| | - Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- Génétique cardiovasculaire
Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I : EA437354000 Nancy,FR
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois1011 Lausanne,CH
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University GreifswaldD-17475 Greifswald,DE
| | - Anneke T. Vulto-Van Silfhout
- Department of human genetics
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegen Centre for Molecular Life SciencesInstitute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders6500 HB Nijmegen,NL
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois1011 Lausanne,CH
| | - Carina Wallgren-Pettersson
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of HelsinskiFolkhälsan Insitute of GeneticsHaartman Institute00251 Helsinki,FI
| | | | - Simon Zwolinksi
- Institute of human genetics
International Centre for LifeNewcastle Upon Tyne NE1 4EP,GB
| | - Joris Andrieux
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale
Hôpital Jeanne de FlandreCHRU Lille59037 Lille Cedex,FR
| | - Xavier Estivill
- CRG-UPF, Center for Genomic Regulation
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)C/ Dr. Aiguader, 88 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,ES
| | - James F. Gusella
- Center for Human Genetic Research
Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts 02114,US
| | | | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome and Medicine
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology
University of Tartu51010 Tartu,EE
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics
The Hospital for Sick ChildrenMcLaughlin CentreDepartment of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoToronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7,CA
| | | | - Alexandra I. F. Blakemore
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease
Imperial College LondonHammersmith hospital, London W12 0NN,GB
| | - Jacques S. Beckmann
- Service de génétique médicale
CHU Vaudois1011 Lausanne,CH
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of LausanneCH
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease
Imperial College LondonHammersmith hospital, London W12 0NN,GB
- IBLI, Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL
Institut Pasteur de LilleCNRS : UMR8090Université Lille I - Sciences et technologiesUniversité Lille II - Droit et santéInstitut de Biologie de Lille 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette - 447 59021 LILLE CEDEX,FR
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wozniak A, Wolnik-Brzozowska D, Wisniewska M, Glazar R, Materna-Kiryluk A, Moszura T, Badura-Stronka M, Skolozdrzy J, Krawczynski MR, Zeyland J, Bobkowski W, Slomski R, Latos-Bielenska A, Siwinska A. Frequency of 22q11.2 microdeletion in children with congenital heart defects in western poland. BMC Pediatr 2010; 10:88. [PMID: 21134246 PMCID: PMC3016365 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-10-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome -22q11.2DS) refers to congenital abnormalities, including primarily heart defects and facial dysmorphy, thymic hypoplasia, cleft palate and hypocalcaemia. Microdeletion within chromosomal region 22q11.2 constitutes the molecular basis of this syndrome. The 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome occurs in 1/4000 births. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of 22q11.2 microdeletion in 87 children suffering from a congenital heart defect (conotruncal or non-conotruncal) coexisting with at least one additional 22q11.2DS feature and to carry out 22q11.2 microdeletion testing of the deleted children's parents. We also attempted to identify the most frequent heart defects in both groups and phenotypic traits of patients with microdeletion to determine selection criteria for at risk patients. METHODS The analysis of microdeletions was conducted using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on metaphase chromosomes and interphase nuclei isolated from venous peripheral blood cultures. A molecular probe (Tuple) specific to the HIRA (TUPLE1, DGCR1) region at 22q11 was used for the hybridisation. RESULTS Microdeletions of 22q11.2 region were detected in 13 children with a congenital heart defect (14.94% of the examined group). Microdeletion of 22q11.2 occurred in 20% and 11.54% of the conotruncal and non-conotruncal groups respectively. Tetralogy of Fallot was the most frequent heart defect in the first group of children with 22q11.2 microdeletion, while ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect/ventricular septal defect were most frequent in the second group. The microdeletion was also detected in one of the parents of the deleted child (6.25%) without congenital heart defect, but with slight dysmorphism. In the remaining children, 22q11.2 microdeletion originated de novo. CONCLUSIONS Patients with 22q11.2DS exhibit wide spectrum of phenotypic characteristics, ranging from discreet to quite strong. The deletion was inherited by one child. Our study suggests that screening for 22q11.2 microdeletion should be performed in children with conotruncal and non-conotruncal heart defects and with at least one typical feature of 22q11.2DS as well as in the deleted children's parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wozniak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Comprehensive copy number variant (CNV) analysis of neuronal pathways genes in psychiatric disorders identifies rare variants within patients. J Psychiatr Res 2010; 44:971-8. [PMID: 20398908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variations (CNV) have become an important source of human genome variability noteworthy to consider when studying genetic susceptibility to complex diseases. As recent studies have found evidences for the potential involvement of CNVs in psychiatric disorders, we have studied the dosage effect of structural genome variants as a possible susceptibility factor for different psychiatric disorders in a candidate gene approach. METHODS After selection of 68 psychiatric disorders' candidate genes overlapping with CNVs, MLPA assays were designed to determine changes in copy number of these genes. The studied sample consisted of 724 patients with psychiatric disorders (accounting for anxiety disorders, mood disorders, eating disorders and schizophrenia) and 341 control individuals. RESULTS CNVs were detected in 30 out of the 68 genes screened, indicating that a considerable proportion of neuronal pathways genes contain CNVs. When testing the overall burden of rare structural genomic variants in the different psychiatric disorders compared to control individuals, there was no statistically significant difference in the total amount of gains and losses. However, 14 out of the 30 changes were only found in psychiatric disorder patients but not in control individuals. These genes include GRM7, previously associated to major depression disorder and bipolar disorder, SLC6A13, in anxiety disorders, and S100B, SSTR5 and COMT in schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Although we have not been able to found a clear association between the studied CNVs and psychiatric disorders, the rare variants found only within the patients could account for a step further towards understanding the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
|
43
|
Sørensen KM, Agergaard P, Olesen C, Andersen PS, Larsen LA, Ostergaard JR, Schouten JP, Christiansen M. Detecting 22q11.2 deletions by use of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification on DNA from neonatal dried blood spot samples. J Mol Diagn 2010; 12:147-51. [PMID: 20075206 DOI: 10.2353/jmoldx.2010.090099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22q11 deletion syndrome, which is caused by a 1.5- to 3.0-megabase hemizygous deletion in chromosome 22q11.2, has a prevalence of 1/2000 to 1/4000. However, the syndrome presents with highly variable phenotypes and thus may be underestimated among Danish newborns. To establish a true incidence of 22q11.2 deletions among certain manifestations, eg, congenital heart disease, on selected Danes, a multiplex ligation-dependant probe amplification (MLPA) analysis was designed. The analysis was planned to be performed on DNA extracted from dried blood spot samples (DBSS) obtained from Guthrie cards collected during neonatal screening programs. However, the DNA concentration necessary for a standard MLPA analysis (20 ng) could not be attained from DBSS, and a novel MLPA design was developed to permit for analysis on limited amounts of DNA (2 ng). A pilot study is reported here that validates the new MLPA design using nine patients diagnosed with the 22q11.2 deletion and 101 controls. All deletions were identified using DNA extracted from DBSS, and no copy number variations were detected in the controls, resulting in a specificity and sensitivity of 100%. It is thereby concluded that the novel MLPA probe design is successful and reliable using minimal amounts of DNA. This allows for use of DBSS samples in a retrospective study of 22q11.2 deletion among certain manifestations associated with DiGeorge Syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina M Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology 85/232, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Kbh. S, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sørensen KM, Andersen PS, Larsen LA, Schwartz M, Schouten JP, Nygren AOH. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification technique for copy number analysis on small amounts of DNA material. Anal Chem 2009; 80:9363-8. [PMID: 19551952 DOI: 10.1021/ac801688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique is a sensitive technique for relative quantification of up to 50 different nucleic acid sequences in a single reaction, and the technique is routinely used for copy number analysis in various syndromes and diseases. The aim of the study was to exploit the potential of MLPA when the DNA material is limited. The DNA concentration required in standard MLPA analysis is not attainable from dried blood spot samples (DBSS) often used in neonatal screening programs. A novel design of MLPA probes has been developed to permit for MLPA analysis on small amounts of DNA. Six patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were used in this study. DNA was extracted from both whole blood and DBSS and subjected to MLPA analysis using normal and modified probes. Results were analyzed using GeneMarker and manual Excel analysis. A total number of 792 ligation events were analyzed. In DNA extracted from dried blood spot samples, 99.1% of the results were accurate compared to 99.9% of the results obtained in DNA from whole blood samples. This study clearly demonstrates that MLPA reactions with modified probes are successful and reliable with DNA concentrations down to 0.3 ng/microL (1.6 ng total). This broadens the diagnostic perspectives of samples of DBSS allowing for copy number variation analysis in general and particularly testing for CAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Meden Sørensen
- National Center for Antimicrobials and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Noninvasive molecular detection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: an exploratory analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 18:81-7. [PMID: 19430297 DOI: 10.1097/pdm.0b013e3181804b82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease evolving through multistep carcinogenesis, one of the steps being genetic alterations. Noninvasive identification of HNSCC-specific genetic alterations using saliva would have immense potential in early diagnosis and screening, particularly among high-risk patients. DESIGN In this exploratory study, a prospective cohort of 27 HNSCC and 10 healthy controls was examined to determine whether genetic alterations (losses and gains) in saliva DNA differentiated HNSCC patients from normal controls. Saliva DNA was interrogated by a candidate gene panel comprising 82 genes using the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay. RESULTS Eleven genes showed some predictive ability in identifying HNSCC cases from normal controls: PMAIP1, PTPN1, ERBB2, ABCC4, UTY, DNMT1, CDKN2B, CDKN2D, NFKB1, TP53, and DCC. Statistical analysis using the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) identified 2 genes, PMAIP1 and PTPN1, which correctly discriminated all 27 HNSCC patients (100%) from normal controls. Results were validated using the leave-one-out validation approach. CONCLUSIONS Noninvasive high-throughput multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification identified discrete gene signatures that differentiated HNSCC patients from normal controls providing proof-of-concept for noninvasive HNSCC detection.
Collapse
|
46
|
Nevado J, de Torres ML, Fernández L, Mori MA, Villa A, Palomares M, García-Santiago F, Mansilla E, García-Miñaur S, Delicado A, Lapunzina P. Unusual four-generation chromosome-22 rearrangement: when "normality" masks abnormality. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1561-4. [PMID: 19530191 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
47
|
A deletion and a duplication in distal 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region. Clinical implications and review. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:48. [PMID: 19490635 PMCID: PMC2700091 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Individuals affected with DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes present with both phenotypic diversity and variable expressivity. The most frequent clinical features include conotruncal congenital heart defects, velopharyngeal insufficiency, hypocalcemia and a characteristic craniofacial dysmorphism. The etiology in most patients is a 3 Mb recurrent deletion in region 22q11.2. However, cases of infrequent deletions and duplications with different sizes and locations have also been reported, generally with a milder, slightly different phenotype for duplications but with no clear genotype-phenotype correlation to date. Methods We present a 7 month-old male patient with surgically corrected ASD and multiple VSDs, and dysmorphic facial features not clearly suggestive of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, and a newborn male infant with cleft lip and palate and upslanting palpebral fissures. Karyotype, FISH, MLPA, microsatellite markers segregation studies and SNP genotyping by array-CGH were performed in both patients and parents. Results Karyotype and FISH with probe N25 were normal for both patients. MLPA analysis detected a partial de novo 1.1 Mb deletion in one patient and a novel partial familial 0.4 Mb duplication in the other. Both of these alterations were located at a distal position within the commonly deleted region in 22q11.2. These rearrangements were confirmed and accurately characterized by microsatellite marker segregation studies and SNP array genotyping. Conclusion The phenotypic diversity found for deletions and duplications supports a lack of genotype-phenotype correlation in the vicinity of the LCRC-LCRD interval of the 22q11.2 chromosomal region, whereas the high presence of duplications in normal individuals supports their role as polymorphisms. We suggest that any hypothetical correlation between the clinical phenotype and the size and location of these alterations may be masked by other genetic and/or epigenetic modifying factors.
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang C, Shen L, Xu Z, Wu X, Mo X, Zhang J, Wang D, Wang Y, Peng Y, Cao L, Jiang Y, Gu H, Chen S, Bian X, Liu J, Qiao D, Yi L. A novel competitive fluorescent multiplex STR polymorphism assay for rapid, reliable and single-tube screening of 22q11.2 copy-number aberrations. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:465-71. [PMID: 19145597 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Copy-number aberrations of the 22q11.2 region can lead to varied resulting and complex phenotypes. Routine screening for these common constitutional chromosomal abnormalities requires powerful tools. A competitive fluorescent multiplex STR polymorphism assay (CFMSA) was built for detecting these aberrations. With the introduction of an internal reference and distinguishable STR polymorphism markers, this competitive fluorescent multiplex STR polymorphism assay provides complementary information about polymorphism and gene dosage in one tube simultaneously, thereby enhancing the assay sensitivity. It was first tested in 110 normal controls, and was proven to have highly polymorphic and reliable gene dosage information. Then, 476 subjects with congenital heart defect were screened according to the testing strategy of the American Heart Association, and 17 deletions and 1 duplication of 22q11.2 were correctly identified. It is expected that this assay will serve as a cost-effective alternative to existing assays for routine, large-scale screening in all at-risk individuals with either deletion or duplication in 22q11.2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Incidences of micro-deletion/duplication 22q11.2 detected by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in patients with congenital cardiac disease who are scheduled for cardiac surgery. Cardiol Young 2009; 19:179-84. [PMID: 19224675 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951109003667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 microdeletion is the most common microdeletion in the global population. Congenital cardiac disease is the most frequently observed feature of this syndrome. The prognosis of patients with 22q11.2 copy number aberrations varies from those without 22q11.2 deletion or duplication. METHODS We enrolled 241 patients from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and Nanjing Sick Children's Hospital, 227 being scheduled for cardiac surgery, and 14 cases being fetuses aged from 24 to 36 gestational weeks. We performed karyotypic analysis and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in all cases. RESULTS Karyotypic analysis demonstrated 3 cases with trisomy 21, and 1 case with mosaic trisomy 8 [47,XY,+8/46,XY(1:2)]. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis revealed 10 cases (4.15%) with changes in the number of copies within the region of 22q11.2, of which 7 cases were hemizygous interstitial microdeletion from CLTCL1 to LZTR1, 1 case with deletion of the region from CLTCL1 to PCQAP, and 2 cases with 22q11.2 duplication, one of which spanned from ZNF74 to LZTR1, and simultaneously showed trisomy 21 by karyotyping analysis, and the other spanned from HIC2 to TOP3B. The phenotypes of the cardiac lesions included 3 cases of ventricular septal defect, 3 of tetralogy of Fallot, 2 of combined ventricular and atrial septal defects, and 2 with pulmonary arterial stenosis. CONCLUSIONS Patients with congenitally malformed hearts who are scheduled for cardiac surgery, as well as fetuses with congenital cardiac disease, should routinely undergo karyotypic analysis and examination for 22q11.2 aberrations. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification has been proven to be a cost-effective diagnostic technique for 22q11 deletion syndrome.
Collapse
|
50
|
Yang C, Huang CH, Cheong ML, Hung KL, Lin LH, Yu YS, Chien CC, Huang HC, Chen CW, Huang CJ. Unambiguous molecular detections with multiple genetic approach for the complicated chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:16. [PMID: 19243607 PMCID: PMC2656481 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) causes a developmental disorder during the embryonic stage, usually because of hemizygous deletions. The clinical pictures of patients with 22q11DS vary because of polymorphisms: on average, approximately 93% of affected individuals have a de novo deletion of 22q11, and the rest have inherited the same deletion from a parent. Methods using multiple genetic markers are thus important for the accurate detection of these microdeletions. Methods We studied 12 babies suspected to carry 22q11DS and 18 age-matched healthy controls from unrelated Taiwanese families. We determined genomic variance using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results Changes in genomic copy number were significantly associated with clinical manifestations for the classical criteria of 22q11DS using MPLA and qPCR (p < 0.01). An identical deletion was shown in three affected infants by MLPA. These reduced DNA dosages were also obtained partially using array-CGH and confirmed by qPCR but with some differences in deletion size. Conclusion Both MLPA and qPCR could produce a clearly defined range of deleted genomic DNA, whereas there must be a deleted genome that is not distinguishable using MLPA. These data demonstrate that such multiple genetic approaches are necessary for the unambiguous molecular detection of these types of complicated genomic syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|