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Wang L, Bai Y, Cao Z, Guo Z, Lian Y, Liu P, Zeng Y, Lyu W, Chen Q. Histone deacetylases and inhibitors in diabetes mellitus and its complications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117010. [PMID: 38941890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, with its prevalence linked to both genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications, particularly through histone deacetylases (HDACs), have been recognized for their significant influence on DM pathogenesis. This review focuses on the classification of HDACs, their role in DM and its complications, and the potential therapeutic applications of HDAC inhibitors. HDACs, which modulate gene expression without altering DNA sequences, are categorized into four classes with distinct functions and tissue specificity. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have shown efficacy in various diseases, including DM, by targeting these enzymes. The review highlights how HDACs regulate β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic gluconeogenesis in DM, as well as their impact on diabetic cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Finally, we suggest that targeted histone modification is expected to become a key method for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. The study of HDACi offers insights into new treatment strategies for DM and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yuning Bai
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Zhengmin Cao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yanjie Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, PR China
| | - Pan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China
| | - Yixian Zeng
- Department of Proctology, Beibei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400799, PR China
| | - Wenliang Lyu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China.
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China.
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Ahmed F, Mishra NK, Alghamdi OA, Khan MI, Ahmad A, Khan N, Rehan M. Deciphering KDM8 dysregulation and CpG methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma using multi-omics and machine learning. Epigenomics 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39072393 DOI: 10.1080/17501911.2024.2374702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigates the altered expression and CpG methylation patterns of histone demethylase KDM8 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), aiming to uncover insights and promising diagnostics biomarkers. Materials & methods: Leveraging TCGA-LIHC multi-omics data, we employed R/Bioconductor libraries and Cytoscape to analyze and construct a gene correlation network, and LASSO regression to develop an HCC-predictive model. Results: In HCC, KDM8 downregulation is correlated with CpGs hypermethylation. Differential gene correlation analysis unveiled a liver carcinoma-associated network marked by increased cell division and compromised liver-specific functions. The LASSO regression identified a highly accurate HCC prediction signature, prominently featuring CpG methylation at cg02871891. Conclusion: Our study uncovers CpG hypermethylation at cg02871891, possibly influencing KDM8 downregulation in HCC, suggesting these as promising biomarkers and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoz Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nitish Kumar Mishra
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38015, USA
| | - Othman A Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Nargis Khan
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Health Research & Innovation Center, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Health Research & Innovation Center, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Abbasifard M, Bagherzadeh K, Khorramdelazad H. The story of clobenpropit and CXCR4: can be an effective drug in cancer and autoimmune diseases? Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1410104. [PMID: 39070795 PMCID: PMC11272485 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1410104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Clobenpropit is a histamine H3 receptor antagonist and has developed as a potential therapeutic drug due to its ability to inhibit CXCR4, a chemokine receptor involved in autoimmune diseases and cancer pathogenesis. The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis involves several biological phenomena, including cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metastasis. Accordingly, inhibiting CXCR4 can have promising clinical outcomes in patients with malignancy or autoimmune disorders. Based on available knowledge, Clobenpropit can effectively regulate the release of monocyte-derived inflammatory cytokine in autoimmune diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), presenting a potential targeted target with possible advantages over current therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes the intricate interplay between Clobenpropit and CXCR4 and the molecular mechanisms underlying their interactions, comprehensively analyzing their impact on immune regulation. Furthermore, we discuss preclinical and clinical investigations highlighting the probable efficacy of Clobenpropit for managing autoimmune diseases and cancer. Through this study, we aim to clarify the immunomodulatory role of Clobenpropit and its advantages and disadvantages as a novel therapeutic opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Abbasifard
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Kowsar Bagherzadeh
- Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Ma Y, Li Y, Wen Z, Lai Y, Kamila K, Gao J, Xu WY, Gong C, Chen F, Shi L, Zhang Y, Chen H, Zhu M. Genome wide identification of novel DNA methylation driven prognostic markers in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15654. [PMID: 38977698 PMCID: PMC11231291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as a major contributor to cancer-related fatalities within China. There is an urgent need to identify accurate biomarkers for recurrence predicting in CRC. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing was used to perform a comparative analysis of methylation profiles in tissue samples from 30 recurrence to 30 non-recurrence patients with CRC. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was performed to select the differential methylation regions (DMRs) and built a DNA methylation classifier for predicting recurrence. Based on the identified top DMRs, a methylation classifier was built and consisted of eight hypermethylated DMRs in CRC. The DNA methylation classifier showed high accuracy for predicting recurrence with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.825 (95% CI 0.680-0.970). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that CRC patients with high methylation risk score, evaluated by the DNA methylation classifier, had poorer survival than low risk score (Hazard Ratio 4.349; 95% CI 1.783-10.61, P = 0.002). And only CRC patients with low methylation risk score could acquire benefit from adjuvant therapy. The DNA methylation classifier has been proved as crucial biomarkers for predicting recurrence and exhibited promising prognostic value after curative surgery in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Ma
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetic Testing and Biomedical Information, Karamay Central Hospital, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Junggar Road, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Yuanxin Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetic Testing and Biomedical Information, Karamay Central Hospital, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Junggar Road, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Zhahong Wen
- Singlera Genomics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yining Lai
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetic Testing and Biomedical Information, Karamay Central Hospital, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Junggar Road, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Kulaixijiang Kamila
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetic Testing and Biomedical Information, Karamay Central Hospital, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Junggar Road, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetic Testing and Biomedical Information, Karamay Central Hospital, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Junggar Road, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Wang-Yang Xu
- Singlera Genomics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | | | - Feifan Chen
- Singlera Genomics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Liuqing Shi
- Singlera Genomics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yunzhi Zhang
- Singlera Genomics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Hanzhang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhabei Central Hospital of Shanghai, No. 619, Zhonghua New Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Min Zhu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetic Testing and Biomedical Information, Karamay Central Hospital, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China.
- Department of Pathology, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Junggar Road, Karamay, 834099, Xin Jiang, China.
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Fialková V, Ďúranová H, Borotová P, Klongová L, Grabacka M, Speváková I. Natural Stilbenes: Their Role in Colorectal Cancer Prevention, DNA Methylation, and Therapy. Nutr Cancer 2024:1-29. [PMID: 38950568 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2364391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) to conventional therapeutic modalities, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, along with the associated side effects, significantly limits effective anticancer strategies. Numerous epigenetic investigations have unveiled that naturally occurring stilbenes can modify or reverse abnormal epigenetic alterations, particularly aberrant DNA methylation status, offering potential avenues for preventing or treating CRC. By modulating the activity of the DNA methylation machinery components, phytochemicals may influence the various stages of CRC carcinogenesis through multiple molecular mechanisms. Several epigenetic studies, especially preclinical research, have highlighted the effective DNA methylation modulatory effects of stilbenes with minimal adverse effects on organisms, particularly in combination therapies for CRC. However, the available preclinical and clinical data regarding the effects of commonly encountered stilbenes against CRC are currently limited. Therefore, additional epigenetic research is warranted to explore the preventive potential of these phytochemicals in CRC development and to validate their therapeutic application in the prevention and treatment of CRC. This review aims to provide an overview of selected bioactive stilbenes as potential chemopreventive agents for CRC with a focus on their modulatory mechanisms of action, especially in targeting alterations in DNA methylation machinery in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Fialková
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Hana Ďúranová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Petra Borotová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Klongová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Maja Grabacka
- Department of Biotechnology and General Technology of Foods, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ivana Speváková
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
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Chen Z, Jiang H, Qin Q, Li Q, Hong L. DNA methylation signatures provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and predict responses of immune therapy for breast cancer. Front Genet 2024; 15:1403907. [PMID: 38911294 PMCID: PMC11190699 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1403907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the most common malignant tumors affecting women worldwide. DNA methylation modifications can influence oncogenic pathways and provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for precision oncology. In this study, we used non-parametric permutation tests to identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) between paired tumor and normal BRCA tissue samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, we applied non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to the DMPs to derive eight distinct DNA methylation signatures. Among them, signatures Hyper-S3 and Hypo-S4 signatures were associated with later tumor stages, while Hyper-S1 and Hypo-S3 exhibited higher methylation levels in earlier stages. Signature Hyper-S3 displayed an effect on overall survival. We further validated the four stage-associated signatures using an independent BRCA DNA methylation dataset from peripheral blood samples. Results demonstrated that 24 commonly hypomethylated sites in Hypo-S4 showed lower methylation in BRCA patients compared to healthy individuals, suggesting its potential as an early diagnostic biomarker. Furthermore, we found that methylation of 23 probes from four stage-related signatures exhibited predictive power for immune therapy response. Notably, methylation levels of all three probes from the Hypo-S4 and activity of the Hypo-S4 demonstrated highly positive relevance to PD-L1 gene expression, implying their significant predictive values for immunotherapy outcomes. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that genes with these 23 immunotherapy-related methylation probes are mainly involved in glycan degradation or protein deglycosylation. These methylation signatures and probes may serve as novel epigenetic biomarkers for predicting tumor immunotherapy response. Our findings provide new insights into precision oncology approaches for BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Nan’an Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingqing Qin
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liqing Hong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Nan’an Hospital, Quanzhou, China
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7
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Ma T, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Yue D, Wang F, Ren Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Wu Y, Liu LE, Yu F. Research progress of human key DNA and RNA methylation-related enzymes assay. Talanta 2024; 273:125872. [PMID: 38471421 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Gene methylation-related enzymes (GMREs) are disfunction and aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers, such as lung, gastric, and pancreatic cancers and have important implications for human health. Therefore,it is critical for early diagnosis and therapy of tumor to develop strategies that allow rapid and sensitive quantitative and qualitative detection of GMREs. With the development of modern analytical techniques and the application of various biosensors, there are numerous methods have been developed for analysis of GMREs. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic review of the strategies for level and activity assay of various GMREs including methyltransferases and demethylase. The detection methods mainly involve immunohistochemistry, colorimetry, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemistry, etc. Then, this review also addresses the coordinated role of various detection probes, novel nanomaterials, and signal amplification methods. The aim is to highlight potential challenges in the present field, to expand the analytical application of GMREs detection strategies, and to meet the urgent need for future disease diagnosis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qiongwen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dan Yue
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fanting Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yujie Ren
- School of Information Management, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hengmiao Zhang
- School of Information Management, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Zhengzhou Foreign Language School, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Li-E Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Lv H, Qian D, Xu S, Fan G, Qian Q, Cha D, Qian X, Zhou G, Lu B. Modulation of long noncoding RNAs by polyphenols as a novel potential therapeutic approach in lung cancer: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3240-3267. [PMID: 38739454 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer stands as a formidable global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Polyphenols, bioactive compounds synthesized by plants, have garnered attention for their diverse health benefits, particularly in combating various cancers, including lung cancer. The advent of whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing technologies has illuminated the pivotal roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), operating at epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional levels, in cancer progression. This review comprehensively explores the impact of polyphenols on both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive lncRNAs in lung cancer, elucidating on their intricate regulatory mechanisms. The comprehensive examination extends to the potential synergies when combining polyphenols with conventional treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. Recognizing the heterogeneity of lung cancer subtypes, the review emphasizes the need for the integration of nanotechnology for optimized polyphenol delivery and personalized therapeutic approaches. In conclusion, we collect the latest research, offering a holistic overview of the evolving landscape of polyphenol-mediated modulation of lncRNAs in lung cancer therapy. The integration of polyphenols and lncRNAs into multidimensional treatment strategies holds promise for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and navigating the challenges associated with lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lv
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taicang TCM Hospital, Taicang, China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongling Yi'an District People's Hospital, Tongling, China
| | - Shuhua Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dongtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongtai, China
| | - Guiqin Fan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taicang TCM Hospital, Taicang, China
| | - Qiuhong Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taicang TCM Hospital, Taicang, China
| | - Dongsheng Cha
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongling Yi'an District People's Hospital, Tongling, China
| | - Xingjia Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taicang TCM Hospital, Taicang, China
| | - Guoping Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dongtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongtai, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taicang TCM Hospital, Taicang, China
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Révész M, Oberna F, Slezák A, Tóth E, Ferenczi Ö, Kenessey I, Takácsi-Nagy Z. EZH2 Expression in Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Cancer in Young Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5250. [PMID: 38791289 PMCID: PMC11121619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) promotes tumor growth and survival through numerous mechanisms and is a promising target for novel therapeutic approaches. We aimed to characterize the expression of EZH2 in the tumors of young head-and-neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) patients in comparison with the general HNSCC patient population. We used formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 68 random young HNSCC patients (≤39 years, median age: 36 years; diagnosed between 2000 and 2018), which were compared with the samples of 58 age- and gender-matched general HNSCC subjects (median age: 62 years; all diagnosed in the year 2014). EZH2 and p53 expression of the tumors was detected using immunohistochemical staining. Lower EZH2 expression was found to be characteristic of the tumors of young HNSCC patients as opposed to the general population (median EZH2 staining intensity: 1 vs. 1.5 respectively, p < 0.001; median fraction of EZH2 positive tumor cells: 40% vs. 60%, respectively, p = 0.003, Mann-Whitney). Cox analysis identified a more advanced T status (T3-4 vs. T1-2), a positive nodal status, and alcohol consumption, but neither intratumoral EZH2 nor p53 were identified as predictors of mortality in the young patient group. The lower EZH2 expression of young HNSCC patients' tumors discourages speculations of a more malignant phenotype of early-onset tumors and suggests the dominant role of patient characteristics. Furthermore, our results might indicate the possibility of an altered efficacy of the novel anti-EZH2 therapies in this patient subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Révész
- Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Center, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ferenc Oberna
- Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Center, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - András Slezák
- Center of Tumor Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (A.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Erika Tóth
- Center of Tumor Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (A.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Örs Ferenczi
- Center of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - István Kenessey
- Hungarian Cancer Registry, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary
- National Tumor Laboratory Project, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Takácsi-Nagy
- Center of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary;
- National Tumor Laboratory Project, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Xu Y, Wang Z, Pei B, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhao G. DNA methylation markers in esophageal cancer. Front Genet 2024; 15:1354195. [PMID: 38774285 PMCID: PMC11106492 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1354195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by a low 5-year survival rate, primarily attributed to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. Currently, early detection of EC heavily relies on endoscopy and pathological examination, which pose challenges due to their invasiveness and high costs, leading to low patient compliance. The detection of DNA methylation offers a non-endoscopic, cost-effective, and secure approach that holds promising prospects for early EC detection. Methods To identify improved methylation markers for early EC detection, we conducted a comprehensive review of relevant literature, summarized the performance of DNA methylation markers based on different input samples and analytical methods in EC early detection and screening. Findings This review reveals that blood cell free DNA methylation-based method is an effective non-invasive method for early detection of EC, although there is still a need to improve its sensitivity and specificity. Another highly sensitive and specific non-endoscopic approach for early detection of EC is the esophageal exfoliated cells based-DNA methylation analysis. However, while there are substantial studies in esophageal adenocarcinoma, further more validation is required in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion In conclusion, DNA methylation detection holds significant potential as an early detection and screening technology for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongle Xu
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Xuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bing Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- ZJUT Yinhu Research Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Missong H, Joshi R, Khullar N, Thareja S, Navik U, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Nutrient-epigenome interactions: Implications for personalized nutrition against aging-associated diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 127:109592. [PMID: 38325612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a multifaceted process involving genetic and environmental interactions often resulting in epigenetic changes, potentially leading to aging-related diseases. Various strategies, like dietary interventions and calorie restrictions, have been employed to modify these epigenetic landscapes. A burgeoning field of interest focuses on the role of microbiota in human health, emphasizing system biology and computational approaches. These methods help decipher the intricate interplay between diet and gut microbiota, facilitating the creation of personalized nutrition strategies. In this review, we analysed the mechanisms related to nutritional interventions while highlighting the influence of dietary strategies, like calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, on microbial composition and function. We explore how gut microbiota affects the efficacy of interventions using tools like multi-omics data integration, network analysis, and machine learning. These tools enable us to pinpoint critical regulatory elements and generate individualized models for dietary responses. Lastly, we emphasize the need for a deeper comprehension of nutrient-epigenome interactions and the potential of personalized nutrition informed by individual genetic and epigenetic profiles. As knowledge and technology advance, dietary epigenetics stands on the cusp of reshaping our strategy against aging and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemi Missong
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Riya Joshi
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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12
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Das R, Woo J. Identifying the Multitarget Pharmacological Mechanism of Action of Genistein on Lung Cancer by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Molecular Dynamic Simulation. Molecules 2024; 29:1913. [PMID: 38731403 PMCID: PMC11085736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Food supplements have become beneficial as adjuvant therapies for many chronic disorders, including cancer. Genistein, a natural isoflavone enriched in soybeans, has gained potential interest as an anticancer agent for various cancers, primarily by modulating apoptosis, the cell cycle, and angiogenesis and inhibiting metastasis. However, in lung cancer, the exact impact and mechanism of action of genistein still require clarification. To provide more insight into the mechanism of action of genistein, network pharmacology was employed to identify the key targets and their roles in lung cancer pathogenesis. Based on the degree score, the hub genes AKT1, CASP3, EGFR, STAT3, ESR1, SRC, PTGS2, MMP9, PRAG, and AR were significantly correlated with genistein treatment. AKT1, EGFR, and STAT3 were enriched in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pathway according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, indicating a significant connection to lung cancer development. Moreover, the binding affinity of genistein to NSCLC target proteins was further verified by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Genistein exhibited potential binding to AKT1, which is involved in apoptosis, cell migration, and metastasis, thus holding promise for modulating AKT1 function. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of genistein and its therapeutic potential for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Das
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine,, Dongguk University Wise, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joohan Woo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine,, Dongguk University Wise, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), College of Medicine, Dongguk University Wise, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
- Medical Cannabis Research Center, College of Medicine, Dongguk University Wise, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
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13
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Tomar R, Das SS, Balaga VKR, Tambe S, Sahoo J, Rath SK, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Therapeutic Implications of Dietary Polyphenols-Loaded Nanoemulsions in Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2036-2053. [PMID: 38525971 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide, even the second foremost cause related to non-communicable diseases. Cancer cells typically possess several cellular and biological processes including, persistence, propagation, differentiation, cellular death, and expression of cellular-type specific functions. The molecular picture of carcinogenesis and progression is unwinding, and it appears to be a tangled combination of processes occurring within and between cancer cells and their surrounding tissue matrix. Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites abundant in fruits, vegetables, cereals, and other natural plant sources. Natural polyphenols have implicated potential anticancer activity by various mechanisms involved in their antitumor action, including modulation of signaling pathways majorly related to cellular proliferation, differentiation, relocation, angiogenesis, metastatic processes, and cell death. The applications of polyphenols have been limited due to the hydrophobic nature and lower oral bioavailability that could be possibly overcome through encapsulating them into nanocarrier-mediated delivery systems, leading to improved anticancer activity. Nanoemulsions (NEs) possess diverse feasible properties, including greater surface area, modifiable surficial charge, higher half-life, site-specific targeting, and formulation imaging capability necessary to create a practical therapeutic impact, and have drawn increased attention in cancer therapy research. This review has summarized and discussed the basic concepts, classification, delivery approaches, and anticancer mechanism of various polyphenols and polyphenols-encapsulated nanoemulsions with improved cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Tomar
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248009, India
| | - Sabya Sachi Das
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248009, India
| | - Venkata Krishna Rao Balaga
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Srusti Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India
| | - Jagannath Sahoo
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Rath
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248009, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
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14
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Kohan AA, Lupien M, Cescon D, Deblois G, Ventura M, Metser U, Veit-Haibach P. Detection of metabolic adaptation in a triple-negative breast cancer animal model with [ 18F]choline-PET imaging as a surrogate for drug resistance. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:1261-1267. [PMID: 38095672 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Test the feasibility of an image-based method to identify taxane resistance in mouse bearing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor xenografts. METHODS Xenograft tumor-bearing mice from paclitaxel-sensitive and paclitaxel-resistant TNBC cells (MDA-MD-346) were generated by orthotopic injection into female NOD-SCID mice. When tumors reached 100-150 mm3, mice were scanned using [18F]choline PET/CT. Tumors were collected and sliced for autoradiography and immunofluorescence analysis. Quantitative data was analyzed accordingly. RESULTS From fifteen mice scanned, five had taxane-sensitive cell line tumors of which two underwent taxol-based treatment. From the remaining 10 mice with taxane-resistant cell line tumors, four underwent taxol-based treatment. Only 13 mice had the tumor sample analyzed histologically. When normalized to the blood pool, both cell lines showed differences in metabolic uptake before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Treated and untreated taxane-sensitive and taxane-resistant cell lines have different metabolic properties that could be leveraged before the start of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres A Kohan
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Toronto Joint Department Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Sinai Health System, Women's College Hospital, 263 McCaul St 4th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1W7, Canada.
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Cescon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geneviève Deblois
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Manuela Ventura
- STTARR Innovation Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Animal Resources GSU, Human Technopole Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Ur Metser
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Toronto Joint Department Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Sinai Health System, Women's College Hospital, 263 McCaul St 4th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1W7, Canada
| | - Patrick Veit-Haibach
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Toronto Joint Department Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Sinai Health System, Women's College Hospital, 263 McCaul St 4th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1W7, Canada
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15
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Wydorski PJ, Kozlowska W, Zmijewska A, Franczak A. Exposure to the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces changes in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the endometrium. Theriogenology 2024; 217:72-82. [PMID: 38262222 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Increasing technological development results in more sources of the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF), which is recognized as an environmental risk factor. The results of the past study indicate that the ELF-EMF can affect the level of DNA methylation. The study aimed to determine whether the ELF-EMF induces changes in epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the endometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period. Endometrial slices (100 ± 5 mg) collected on days 15-16 of pregnancy were exposed in vitro to the ELF-EMF at a frequency of 50 Hz for 2 h of treatment duration. To determine the impact of the ELF-EMF on elements of epigenetic regulations involved in DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA biogenesis in the endometrium, the DNMT1 and DNMT3a; EZH2, UHRF1, and MBD1; DICER1 and DGCR8 mRNA transcript and protein abundance were analyzed using Real-Time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Moreover, EED and SUZ12 mRNA transcript, global DNA methylation, and the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) were analyzed. The changes in the abundance of DNMT1 and DNMT3a, EZH2 mRNA transcript and protein, EED and SUZ12 mRNA transcript, global DNA methylation level, HDAC activity, and the abundance of proteins involved in microRNA biogenesis evoked by the ELF-EMF in the endometrium were observed. The ELF-EMF possesses the potential to alter epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the porcine endometrium. Observed alterations may be the reason for changes in the transcriptomic profile of the endometrium exposed to the ELF-EMF which in turn may disrupt biological processes in the uterus during peri-implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Jozef Wydorski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Wiktoria Kozlowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Agata Zmijewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anita Franczak
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
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16
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Gemayel J, Chebly A, Kourie H, Hanna C, Mheidly K, Mhanna M, Karam F, Ghoussaini D, Najjar PE, Khalil C. Genome Engineering as a Therapeutic Approach in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. ADVANCED GENETICS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2024; 5:2300201. [PMID: 38465225 PMCID: PMC10919288 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.202300201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the foremost causes of mortality. The human genome remains stable over time. However, human activities and environmental factors have the power to influence the prevalence of certain types of mutations. This goes to the excessive progress of xenobiotics and industrial development that is expanding the territory for cancers to develop. The mechanisms involved in immune responses against cancer are widely studied. Genome editing has changed the genome-based immunotherapy process in the human body and has opened a new era for cancer treatment. In this review, recent cancer immunotherapies and the use of genome engineering technology are largely focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Gemayel
- Faculty of SciencesBalamand UniversityBeirutLebanon
- FMPS Holding BIOTECKNO s.a.l. Research and Quality SolutionsNaccashBeirut60 247Lebanon
| | - Alain Chebly
- Center Jacques Loiselet for Medical Genetics and Genomics (CGGM), Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
- Higher Institute of Public HealthSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Hampig Kourie
- Center Jacques Loiselet for Medical Genetics and Genomics (CGGM), Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
- Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Colette Hanna
- Faculty of MedicineLebanese American University Medical CenterRizk HospitalBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Melissa Mhanna
- Faculty of MedicineParis Saclay University63 Rue Gabriel PériLe Kremlin‐Bicêtre94270France
| | - Farah Karam
- Faculty of MedicineBalamand UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Paula El Najjar
- FMPS Holding BIOTECKNO s.a.l. Research and Quality SolutionsNaccashBeirut60 247Lebanon
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, School of EngineeringHoly Spirit University of KaslikJounieh446Lebanon
| | - Charbel Khalil
- Reviva Regenerative Medicine CenterBsalimLebanon
- Bone Marrow Transplant UnitBurjeel Medical CityAbu DhabiUAE
- Lebanese American University School of MedicineBeirutLebanon
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17
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Pandey M, Bhattacharyya J. Gut microbiota and epigenetics in colorectal cancer: implications for carcinogenesis and therapeutic intervention. Epigenomics 2024; 16:403-418. [PMID: 38410915 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The occurrence of CRC is associated with various genetic and epigenetic mutations in intestinal epithelial cells that transform them into adenocarcinomas. There is increasing evidence indicating the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the regulation of host physiological processes. Alterations in gut microbiota composition are responsible for initiating carcinogenesis through diverse epigenetic modifications, including histone modifications, ncRNAs and DNA methylation. This work was designed to comprehensively review recent findings to provide insight into the associations between the gut microbiota and CRC at an epigenetic level. These scientific insights can be used in the future to develop effective strategies for early detection and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monu Pandey
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, 110608, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, 110608, India
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18
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Endale HT, Mariye YF, Negash HK, Hassen FS, Asrat WB, Mengstie TA, Tesfaye W. MiRNA in cervical cancer: Diagnosis to therapy: Systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24398. [PMID: 38317930 PMCID: PMC10839805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers are one of the most public health problems worldwide. Among them, cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most prevalent cancer with 604 000 new cases and 342 000 deaths. Mostly, it is associated with Human papillomavirus (HPV). It has been caused by the aggregation of genetic and epigenetic modifications in cervical epithelial cells. Although genetic mutations are given great attention for the carcinogenesis of CC, epigenetic changes have emerged as a hotspot area for CC biomarkers research with great implications for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response prediction of the disease. Recently, there are several studies focused on miRNAs as biomarkers of cervical cancer. However, the precise function of miRNAs in the development of cervical cancer is not still completely understood, particularly when it comes to unconventional sampling materials like cervical mucus and plasma serum. Hence, this review article will give a summary of the miRNAs profiles that emerge at different stages of cervical cancer progression and their downstream effects on target genes and associated signaling pathways. Finally, these results may provide insight into the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for the prediction or diagnosis of cervical cancer or the development of miRNA-based therapeutics against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwot Tezera Endale
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yitbarek Fantahun Mariye
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Habtu Kifle Negash
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fethiya Seid Hassen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wastina Bitewlign Asrat
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tiget Ayelgn Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Winta Tesfaye
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
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19
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Sharma G, Sultana A, Abdullah KM, Pothuraju R, Nasser MW, Batra SK, Siddiqui JA. Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling and bone metastasis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:275-285. [PMID: 36379849 PMCID: PMC10175516 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a continuous and dynamic process of bone formation and resorption to maintain its integrity and homeostasis. Bone marrow is a source of various cell lineages, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone formation and resorption, respectively, to maintain bone homeostasis. Epigenetics is one of the elementary regulations governing the physiology of bone remodeling. Epigenetic modifications, mainly DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, regulate stable transcriptional programs without causing specific heritable alterations. DNA methylation in CpG-rich promoters of the gene is primarily correlated with gene silencing, and histone modifications are associated with transcriptional activation/inactivation. However, non-coding RNAs regulate the metastatic potential of cancer cells to metastasize at secondary sites. Deregulated or altered epigenetic modifications are often seen in many cancers and interwound with bone-specific tropism and cancer metastasis. Histone acetyltransferases, histone deacetylase, and DNA methyltransferases are promising targets in epigenetically altered cancer. High throughput epigenome mapping and targeting specific epigenetics modifiers will be helpful in the development of personalized epi-drugs for advanced and bone metastasis cancer patients. This review aims to discuss and gather more knowledge about different epigenetic modifications in bone remodeling and metastasis. Further, it provides new approaches for targeting epigenetic changes and therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashrafi Sultana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - K M Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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20
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Millard T, Brenin C, Humphrey C, Dhakal A, Falkson C, Petroni G, Wages NA, Dillon P. A Pilot Study of the Combination of Entinostat with Capecitabine in Advanced Breast Cancer. Int J Breast Cancer 2024; 2024:5515966. [PMID: 38356965 PMCID: PMC10866629 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5515966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer has an unacceptably high recurrence rate when any residual disease is found following neoadjuvant treatment of high-risk disease. Based on clinical data suggesting an adjuvant role for epigenetic modifying agents in breast cancer and preclinical data suggesting synergistic activity of entinostat combined with capecitabine, we conducted a phase I, open-label study of these agents in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Both agents have published doses for use in combination therapy, but the agents had not previously been combined with each other in a human trial. Methods A multisite phase I dose escalation study was performed at two academic centers. Patients with pretreated, HER2-negative MBC, and measurable disease were enrolled. Dual dose escalation was performed via a Bayesian partial order continual assessment method. Dose levels ranged from entinostat 3 mg to 5 mg and capecitabine 800 mg/m2 to 1000 mg/m2. Results Thirteen patients with MBC and a median of 4 lines of prior therapy were enrolled across four dose level combinations. The most common toxicities were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and palmar-plantar dysesthesia, which were expected toxicities. No new safety signals were observed. One dose-limiting toxicity was observed, which did not exceed a prespecified toxicity rate of 25%. The median treatment duration was 2.37 months. No partial nor complete responses were observed. The study was halted early prior to entering an expansion phase, due to drug supply limitations. Conclusion The tested dosing combinations of entinostat and capecitabine are likely safe in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer. This study's clinical investigation of entinostat in breast cancer was halted, but drug development of this agent continues outside the US. There remains a need for postoperative adjuvant drug therapy for the subpopulation of breast cancer patients with high-risk residual cancer after curative therapy. This trial is registered with NCT03473639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trish Millard
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Christiana Brenin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Clare Humphrey
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ajay Dhakal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Carla Falkson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gina Petroni
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nolan A. Wages
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Patrick Dillon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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21
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Wang SSY. Advancing biomarker development for diagnostics and therapeutics using solid tumour cancer stem cell models. TUMORI JOURNAL 2024; 110:10-24. [PMID: 36964664 DOI: 10.1177/03008916231158411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell model hopes to explain solid tumour carcinogenesis, tumour progression and treatment failure in cancers. However, the cancer stem cell model has led to minimal clinical translation to cancer stem cell biomarkers and targeted therapies in solid tumours. Many reasons underlie the challenges, one being the imperfect understanding of the cancer stem cell model. This review hopes to spur further research into clinically translatable cancer stem cell biomarkers through first defining cancer stem cells and their associated models. With a better understanding of these models there would be a development of more accurate biomarkers. Making the clinical translation of biomarkers into diagnostic tools and therapeutic agents more feasible.
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22
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Hua J, Chu M, Wang C, Zhang H, Luan J, Zhang Y, Li Q, Xiao T, Zhu C, Li X, Fu B. Digital PCR-based GRHL2 methylation testing in acute myeloid leukemia: diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring. Epigenomics 2024; 16:233-247. [PMID: 38343387 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a challenging disease with high rates of recurrence. The role of the cancer-related gene GRHL2 in AML has not been widely studied. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 73 AML patients and 68 healthy controls. Droplet digital PCR was used to detect GRHL2 methylation levels to explore the value of GRHL2 methylation in the diagnosis, treatment response and prognosis of AML. Result: GRHL2 methylation was significantly increased in AML patients (p < 0.01), with high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve: 0.848; p < 0.001). GRHL2 methylation was correlated with chemotherapy response (p < 0.05) and is an independent prognostic factor for AML (p < 0.05). Conclusion: GRHL2 methylation is expected to serve as a biomarker for diagnosing AML patients and predicting prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Miaomiao Chu
- Department of Precision Biomedical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Chaohui Wang
- Department of Hematology, Hematology, Qingdao Haici Medical Group
| | - Hangfan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Jing Luan
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Taiwu Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital
| | - Chuansheng Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University
| | - Xuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Precision Biomedical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital
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23
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Aleyasin SA, Moradi A, Abolhasani N, Abdollahi M. Investigating FGFR2 gene as a blood-based epigenetic biomarker in gastric cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:253. [PMID: 38302798 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric adenocarcinoma is a prevalent form of cancer that often remains undetected in its early stages due to the lack of specific symptoms. This delayed diagnosis leads to poor clinical outcomes, underscoring the need for an effective and non-invasive method for early detection. Recent advances in cancer epigenetics have led to the identification of biomarkers that have the potential to revolutionize the early detection and monitoring of this disease. One such promising biomarker is the methylation of the FGFR2 promoter. This study aims to measure the methylation levels of a specific CpG site in the FGFR2 promoter gene in DNA extracted from blood leukocytes from patients with intestinal metaplasia, gastric cancer, and healthy control. MATERIAL AND METHODS The CpG site of the FGFR2 gene promoter was identified in its control region. Methylation alteration of the selected FGFR2 CpG site was determined through the (methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme) MSRE-qPCR. Genomic DNA was extracted from one hundred twenty-five participants. RESULTS The normal group had mean methylation levels of 93.23 ± 4.929%, while the IM group had a level of 69.85 ± 27.15%. In GC patients, the levels varied, with 25.96 ± 18.98% in the intestinal type and 28.30 ± 16.07% in the diffuse type. The methylation levels in the IM and GC patients were significantly lower than those in the normal control group. However, no significant difference was observed between the methylation status of the intestinal type of GC and the diffuse type. The Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that FGFR2 CpG methylation levels in GC patients compared to normal controls had a high sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%, with a cut-off of < 74.25%; when GC patients were compared to IM patients, the sensitivity was 85%, and the specificity was 80%, with a cut-off < 44.45%. CONCLUSIONS The potential of the FGFR2 methylation status as a non-invasive biomarker lies in its ability to be detected in blood leukocytes, which makes it a promising tool for the early detection of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer. This could significantly improve the detection and management of these gastric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ahmad Aleyasin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 17 Km Tehran-Karaj Highway, Pajoohesh Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Moradi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 17 Km Tehran-Karaj Highway, Pajoohesh Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Abolhasani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 17 Km Tehran-Karaj Highway, Pajoohesh Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahvash Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 17 Km Tehran-Karaj Highway, Pajoohesh Blvd, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Orlacchio A, Muzyka S, Gonda TA. Epigenetic therapeutic strategies in pancreatic cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 383:1-40. [PMID: 38359967 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal solid malignancies, characterized by its aggressiveness and metastatic potential, with a 5-year survival rate of only 8-11%. Despite significant improvements in PDAC treatment and management, therapeutic alternatives are still limited. One of the main reasons is its high degree of intra- and inter-individual tumor heterogeneity which is established and maintained through a complex network of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators. Epigenetic drugs, have shown promising preclinical results in PDAC and are currently being evaluated in clinical trials both for their ability to sensitize cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs and to counteract the immunosuppressive characteristic of PDAC tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the current status of epigenetic treatment strategies to overcome molecular and cellular PDAC heterogeneity in order to improve response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Orlacchio
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephen Muzyka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tamas A Gonda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University, New York, NY, United States.
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25
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Eslami M, Memarsadeghi O, Davarpanah A, Arti A, Nayernia K, Behnam B. Overcoming Chemotherapy Resistance in Metastatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:183. [PMID: 38255288 PMCID: PMC10812960 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The management of metastatic cancer is complicated by chemotherapy resistance. This manuscript provides a comprehensive academic review of strategies to overcome chemotherapy resistance in metastatic cancer. The manuscript presents background information on chemotherapy resistance in metastatic cancer cells, highlighting its clinical significance and the current challenges associated with using chemotherapy to treat metastatic cancer. The manuscript delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying chemotherapy resistance in subsequent sections. It discusses the genetic alterations, mutations, and epigenetic modifications that contribute to the development of resistance. Additionally, the role of altered drug metabolism and efflux mechanisms, as well as the activation of survival pathways and evasion of cell death, are explored in detail. The strategies to overcome chemotherapy resistance are thoroughly examined, covering various approaches that have shown promise. These include combination therapy approaches, targeted therapies, immunotherapeutic strategies, and the repurposing of existing drugs. Each strategy is discussed in terms of its rationale and potential effectiveness. Strategies for early detection and monitoring of chemotherapy drug resistance, rational drug design vis-a-vis personalized medicine approaches, the role of predictive biomarkers in guiding treatment decisions, and the importance of lifestyle modifications and supportive therapies in improving treatment outcomes are discussed. Lastly, the manuscript outlines the clinical implications of the discussed strategies. It provides insights into ongoing clinical trials and emerging therapies that address chemotherapy resistance in metastatic cancer cells. The manuscript also explores the challenges and opportunities in translating laboratory findings into clinical practice and identifies potential future directions and novel therapeutic avenues. This comprehensive review provides a detailed analysis of strategies to overcome chemotherapy resistance in metastatic cancer. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance and presents a range of approaches for addressing this critical issue in treating metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Eslami
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran; (M.E.); (O.M.); (A.D.)
- International Faculty, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran
| | - Omid Memarsadeghi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran; (M.E.); (O.M.); (A.D.)
- International Faculty, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran
| | - Ali Davarpanah
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran; (M.E.); (O.M.); (A.D.)
- International Faculty, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1949635881, Iran
| | - Afshin Arti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1469669191, Iran;
| | - Karim Nayernia
- International Center for Personalized Medicine (P7Medicine), 40235 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Babak Behnam
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, Amarex Clinical Research, NSF International, Germantown, MD 20874, USA
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Moreddu R. Nanotechnology and Cancer Bioelectricity: Bridging the Gap Between Biology and Translational Medicine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304110. [PMID: 37984883 PMCID: PMC10767462 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectricity is the electrical activity that occurs within living cells and tissues. This activity is critical for regulating homeostatic cellular function and communication, and disruptions of the same can lead to a variety of conditions, including cancer. Cancer cells are known to exhibit abnormal electrical properties compared to their healthy counterparts, and this has driven researchers to investigate the potential of harnessing bioelectricity as a tool in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In parallel, bioelectricity represents one of the means to gain fundamental insights on how electrical signals and charges play a role in cancer insurgence, growth, and progression. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature in this field, addressing the fundamentals of bioelectricity in single cancer cells, cancer cell cohorts, and cancerous tissues. The emerging role of bioelectricity in cancer proliferation and metastasis is introduced. Based on the acknowledgement that this biological information is still hard to access due to the existing gap between biological findings and translational medicine, the latest advancements in the field of nanotechnologies for cellular electrophysiology are examined, as well as the most recent developments in micro- and nano-devices for cancer diagnostics and therapy targeting bioelectricity.
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Zahid S, Malik A, Waqar S, Zahid F, Tariq N, Khawaja AI, Safir W, Gulzar F, Iqbal J, Ali Q. Countenance and implication of Β-sitosterol, Β-amyrin and epiafzelechin in nickel exposed Rat: in-silico and in-vivo approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21351. [PMID: 38049552 PMCID: PMC10695965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The detrimental impact of reactive oxygen species on D.N.A. repair processes is one of the contributing factors to colon cancer. The idea that oxidative stress may be a significant etiological element for carcinogenesis is currently receiving more and more support. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity of three powerful phytocompounds-sitosterol, amyrin, and epiafzelechin-alone and in various therapeutic combinations against colon cancer to identify the critical mechanisms that mitigate nickel's carcinogenic effect. To evaluate the ligand-protein interaction of four selected components against Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) inhibitor and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) molecular docking approach was applied using PyRx bioinformatics tool. For in vivo analysis, hundred albino rats were included, divided into ten groups, each containing ten rats of weight 160-200 g. All the groups were injected with 1 ml/kg nickel intraperitoneally per week for three months, excluding the negative control group. Three of the ten groups were treated with β-sitosterol (100 mg/kg b wt), β-amyrin (100 mg/kg b wt), and epiafzelechin (200 mg/kg b wt), respectively, for one month. The later four groups were fed with combinatorial treatments of the three phyto compounds for one month. The last group was administered with commercial drug Nalgin (500 mg/kg b wt). The biochemical parameters Creatinine, Protein carbonyl, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), VEGF, MMP-9 Inhibitor, and IL-10 were estimated using ELISA kits and Glutathione (G.S.H.), Superoxide dismutase (S.O.D.), Catalase (C.A.T.) and Nitric Oxide (NO) were analyzed manually. The correlation was analyzed through Pearson's correlation matrix. All the parameters were significantly raised in the positive control group, indicating significant inflammation. At the same time, the levels of the foresaid biomarkers were decreased in the serum in all the other groups treated with the three phytocompounds in different dose patterns. However, the best recovery was observed in the group where the three active compounds were administered concomitantly. The correlation matrix indicated a significant positive correlation of IL-10 vs VEGF (r = 0.749**, p = 0.009), MMP-9 inhibitor vs SOD (r = 0.748**, p = 0.0 21). The study concluded that the three phytocompounds β-sitosterol, β-amyrin, and epiafzelechin are important anticancer agents which can target the cancerous biomarkers and might be used as a better therapeutic approach against colon cancer soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Suleyman Waqar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Zahid
- Ibadat International University (IIUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Tariq
- M. Islam Medical and Dental College, Gujranwala, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran Khawaja
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Safir
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Faisal Gulzar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Javeid Iqbal
- School of Pharmacy, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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28
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Chen K, Beeraka NM, Zhang X, Sinelnikov MY, Plotnikova M, Zhao C, Basavaraj V, Zhang J, Lu P. Recent Advances in Therapeutic Modalities Against Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Future Epigenetic Landscape. Lymphat Res Biol 2023; 21:536-548. [PMID: 37267206 PMCID: PMC10753987 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2022.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lymphedema is a significant postsurgical complication observed in the majority of breast cancer patients. These multifactorial etiopathogenesis have a significant role in the development of novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and the development of novel therapies. This review aims to ascertain the epigenetic alterations that lead to breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), multiple pathobiological events, and the underlying genetic predisposing factors, signaling cascades pertinent to the lapses in effective prognosis/diagnosis, and finally to develop a suitable therapeutic regimen. Methods and Results: We have performed a literature search in public databases such as PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, National Library of Medicine and screened several published reports. Search words such as epigenetics to induce BCRL, prognosis/diagnosis, primary lymphedema, secondary lymphedema, genetic predisposing factors for BRCL, conventional therapies, and surgery were used in these databases. This review described several epigenetic-based predisposing factors and the pathophysiological consequences of BCRL, which affect the overall quality of life, and the interplay of these events could foster the progression of lymphedema in breast cancer survivors. Prognosis/diagnostic and therapy lapses for treating BCRL are highly challenging due to genetic and anatomical variations, alteration in the lymphatic vessel contractions, and variable expression of several factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-E and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in breast cancer survivors. Conclusion: We compared the efficacy of various conventional therapies for treating BCRL as a multidisciplinary approach. Further substantial research is required to decipher underlying signaling epigenetic pathways to develop chromatin-modifying therapies pertinent to the multiple etiopathogenesis to explore the correlation between the disease pathophysiology and novel therapeutic modalities to treat BCRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Narasimha M. Beeraka
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER), Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Y. Sinelnikov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Plotnikova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Cuiping Zhao
- The 80th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Vijaya Basavaraj
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jin Zhang
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Pengwei Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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29
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Rajaselvi ND, Jida MD, Ajeeshkumar KK, Nair SN, John P, Aziz Z, Nisha AR. Antineoplastic activity of plant-derived compounds mediated through inhibition of histone deacetylase: a review. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1803-1817. [PMID: 37389730 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In the combat of treating cancer recent therapeutic approaches are focused towards enzymatic targets as they occupy a pivotal participation in the cascade of oncogenesis and malignancy. There are several enzymes that modulate the epigenetic pathways and chromatin structure related to cancer mutation. Among several epigenetic mechanisms such as methylation, phosphorylation, and sumoylation, acetylation status of histones is crucial and is governed by counteracting enzymes like histone acetyl transferase (HAT) and histone deacetylases (HDAC) which have contradictory effects on the histone acetylation. HDAC inhibition induces chromatin relaxation which forms euchromatin and thereby initiates the expression of certain transcription factors attributed with apoptosis, which are mostly correlated with the expression of the p21 gene and acetylation of H3 and H4 histones. Most of the synthetic and natural HDAC inhibitors elicit antineoplastic effect through activation of various apoptotic pathways and promoting cell cycle arrest at various phases. Due to their promising chemo preventive action and low cytotoxicity against normal host cells, bioactive substances like flavonoids, alkaloids, and polyphenolic compounds from plants have recently gained importance. Even though all bioactive compounds mentioned have an HDAC inhibitory action, some of them have a direct effect and others enhance the effects of the standard well known HDAC inhibitors. In this review, the action of plant derived compounds against histone deacetylases in a variety of in vitro cancer cell lines and in vivo animal models are articulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Divya Rajaselvi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - M D Jida
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - K K Ajeeshkumar
- Tumor Biology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Suresh N Nair
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - Preethy John
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad, 673 576, India
| | - Zarina Aziz
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - A R Nisha
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India.
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30
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Ahuja P, Yadav R, Goyal S, Yadav C, Ranga S, Kadian L. Targeting epigenetic deregulations for the management of esophageal carcinoma: recent advances and emerging approaches. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2437-2465. [PMID: 37338772 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Ranking from seventh in incidence to sixth in mortality, esophageal carcinoma is considered a severe malignancy of food pipe. Later-stage diagnosis, drug resistance, and a high mortality rate contribute to its lethality. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma are the two main histological subtypes of esophageal carcinoma, with squamous cell carcinoma alone accounting for more than eighty percent of its cases. While genetic anomalies are well known in esophageal cancer, accountability of epigenetic deregulations is also being explored for the recent two decades. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and functional non-coding RNAs are the crucial epigenetic players involved in the modulation of different malignancies, including esophageal carcinoma. Targeting these epigenetic aberrations will provide new insights into the development of biomarker tools for risk stratification, early diagnosis, and effective therapeutic intervention. This review discusses different epigenetic alterations, emphasizing the most significant developments in esophageal cancer epigenetics and their potential implication for the detection, prognosis, and treatment of esophageal carcinoma. Further, the preclinical and clinical status of various epigenetic drugs has also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Ahuja
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India.
| | - Sandeep Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D, Sharma University of Health Sciences, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Chetna Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Lokesh Kadian
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
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31
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Chehelgerdi M, Behdarvand Dehkordi F, Chehelgerdi M, Kabiri H, Salehian-Dehkordi H, Abdolvand M, Salmanizadeh S, Rashidi M, Niazmand A, Ahmadi S, Feizbakhshan S, Kabiri S, Vatandoost N, Ranjbarnejad T. Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:189. [PMID: 38017433 PMCID: PMC10683363 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. The formation of cancer is a multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. iPSCs offer a distinctive platform for investigating the origin of cancer, paving the way for novel approaches to cancer treatment, drug testing, and tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview of the science behind iPSCs, the current limitations and challenges in iPSC-based cancer therapy, the ethical and social implications, and the comparative analysis with other stem cell types for cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the applications of iPSCs in tumorigenesis, the future of iPSCs in tumorigenesis research, and highlight successful case studies utilizing iPSCs in tumorigenesis research. The conclusion will summarize the advancements made in iPSC-based tumorigenesis research and the importance of continued investment in iPSC research to unlock the full potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Behdarvand Dehkordi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharareh Salmanizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anoosha Niazmand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saba Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sara Feizbakhshan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nasimeh Vatandoost
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Ranjbarnejad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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Sharma S, Sharma H, Gogoi H. Bacterial immunotherapy: is it a weapon in our arsenal in the fight against cancer? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277677. [PMID: 38090593 PMCID: PMC10711065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding the genetic basis of cancer have driven alternative treatment approaches. Recent findings have demonstrated the potential of bacteria and it's components to serve as robust theranostic agents for cancer eradication. Compared to traditional cancer therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bacteria mediated tumor therapy has exhibited superior cancer suppressing property which is attributed a lot to it's tumor proliferating and accumulating characteristics. Genetically modified bacteria has reduced inherent toxicity and enhanced specificity towards tumor microenvironment. This anti- tumor activity of bacteria is attributed to its toxins and other active components from the cell membrane, cell wall and spores. Furthermore, bacterial genes can be regulated to express and deliver cytokines, antibodies and cancer therapeutics. Although there is less clinical data available, the pre- clinical research clearly indicates the feasibility and potential of bacteria- mediated cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Himani Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Himanshu Gogoi
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
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Yan K, Niu L, Wu B, He C, Deng L, Chen C, Lan Z, Lin C, Kuang W, Lin H, Zou J, Zhang W, Luo Z. Copy number variants landscape of multiple cancers and clinical applications based on NGS gene panel. Ann Med 2023; 55:2280708. [PMID: 37967237 PMCID: PMC10653745 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2280708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid adoption of next-generation sequencing in clinical oncology has enabled detection of molecular biomarkers which are shared between multiple tumour types. Intra-tumour heterogeneity is a mechanism of therapeutic resistance and therefore an important clinical challenge. However, the tumour-related copy number variants (CNVs), as key regulators of cancer origination, development, and progression, across various types of cancers are poorly understood. METHODS We performed pan-cancer CNV analysis of cancer-related genes in 15 types of cancers including 1438 cancerous patients by next-generation sequencing using a commercially available pan-cancer panel (Onco PanScan™). Downstream bioinformatics analysis was performed in order to detect CNVs, cluster analysis of the found CNVs, and comparison of the frequency of gained CNVs between different types of cancers. LASSO analysis was used for identification of the most important CNVs. RESULTS We also identified 523 CNVs among which 16 CNVs were common while 22 CNVs were caner-specific CNVs. Meanwhile, FAM58A was most commonly found in all studied cancers in this study and significant differences were found in FAM58A between female and male patients (p = .001). Common CNVs, such as FOXA1, NFKBIA, HEY1, MECOM, CHD7, AGO2, were mutated in 6.79%, 8.45%, 7.51%, 6.43%, 7.59%, 8.16% of tumours, while most of these mutations have proven roles in positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. 11 features including sex, DIS3, EPHB1, ERBB2, FLT1, HCK, KEAP1, MYD88, PARP3, TBX3, and TOP2A were found as the key features for classification of cancers using CNVs. CONCLUSION The 16 common CNVs between cancers can be used to identify the target of pan-cancer drug design and targeted therapies. Additionally, 22 caner-specific CNVs can be used as unique diagnostic markers for each cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangpeng Yan
- Department of Abdominal Oncology Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Niu
- CheerLand Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Peking University Medical Industrial Park, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Boyu Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shangrao Municipal Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Chongwu He
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Shenzhen Cheerland Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangzhang Lan
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of Abdominal Oncology Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Weihua Kuang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Huihong Lin
- Operating Room, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Abdominal Oncology Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenyong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- Chest Radiotherapy Department 1, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
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Szczepanek J, Tretyn A. MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Histone-Modifying Enzymes in Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1590. [PMID: 38002272 PMCID: PMC10669115 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, significant advances in molecular research have provided a deeper understanding of the intricate regulatory mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs, short non-coding RNA sequences, exert substantial influence on gene expression by repressing translation or inducing mRNA degradation. In the context of cancer, miRNA dysregulation is prevalent and closely associated with various stages of carcinogenesis, including initiation, progression, and metastasis. One crucial aspect of the cancer phenotype is the activity of histone-modifying enzymes that govern chromatin accessibility for transcription factors, thus impacting gene expression. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a significant role in modulating these histone-modifying enzymes, leading to significant implications for genes related to proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. This article provides an overview of current research on the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate the activity of histone-modifying enzymes in the context of cancer. Both direct and indirect mechanisms through which miRNAs influence enzyme expression are discussed. Additionally, potential therapeutic implications arising from miRNA manipulation to selectively impact histone-modifying enzyme activity are presented. The insights from this analysis hold significant therapeutic promise, suggesting the utility of miRNAs as tools for the precise regulation of chromatin-related processes and gene expression. A contemporary focus on molecular regulatory mechanisms opens therapeutic pathways that can effectively influence the control of tumor cell growth and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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Alfaro I, Vega M, Romero C, Garrido MP. Mechanisms of Regulation of the Expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs by Metformin in Ovarian Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1515. [PMID: 38004379 PMCID: PMC10674581 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies. The use of biological compounds such as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is being considered as a therapeutic option to improve or complement current treatments since the deregulation of ncRNAs has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of OC. Old drugs with antitumoral properties have also been studied in the context of cancer, although their antitumor mechanisms are not fully clear. For instance, the antidiabetic drug metformin has shown pleiotropic effects in several in vitro models of cancer, including OC. Interestingly, metformin has been reported to regulate ncRNAs, which could explain its diverse effects on tumor cells. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of epigenetic regulation described for metformin, with a focus on the evidence of metformin-dependent microRNA (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) regulation in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Alfaro
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
| | - Margarita Vega
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Carmen Romero
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Maritza P. Garrido
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Postwala H, Shah Y, Parekh PS, Chorawala MR. Unveiling the genetic and epigenetic landscape of colorectal cancer: new insights into pathogenic pathways. Med Oncol 2023; 40:334. [PMID: 37855910 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations, playing a crucial role in its development and progression. This review aims to provide insights into the emerging landscape of these alterations in CRC pathogenesis to develop effective diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. Genetic alterations in signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR are pivotal in CRC development. Genetic profiling has identified distinct molecular subtypes, enabling personalized treatment strategies. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, also contribute to CRC pathogenesis by influencing critical cellular processes through gene silencing or activation. Non-coding RNAs have emerged as essential players in epigenetic regulation and CRC progression. Recent research highlights the interplay between genetic and epigenetic alterations in CRC. Genetic mutations can affect epigenetic modifications, leading to dysregulated gene expression and signaling cascades. Conversely, epigenetic changes can modulate genetic expression, amplifying or dampening the effects of genetic alterations. Advancements in understanding pathogenic pathways have potential clinical applications. Identifying genetic and epigenetic markers as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers promises more accurate risk assessment and early detection. Challenges remain, including validating biomarkers and developing robust therapeutic strategies through extensive research and clinical trials. The dynamic nature of genetic and epigenetic alterations necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their temporal and spatial patterns during CRC progression. In conclusion, the genetic and epigenetic landscape of CRC is increasingly being unraveled, providing valuable insights into its pathogenesis. Integrating genetic and epigenetic knowledge holds great potential for improving diagnostics, prognostics, and personalized therapies in CRC. Continued research efforts are vital to translate these findings into clinical practice, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humzah Postwala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Yesha Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Priyajeet S Parekh
- AV Pharma LLC, 1545 University Blvd N Ste A, Jacksonville, Florida, 32211, USA
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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Srivastava A, Srivastava A, Singh RK. Insight into the Epigenetics of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14955. [PMID: 37834404 PMCID: PMC10573522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming represents a series of essential events during many cellular processes including oncogenesis. The genome of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic herpesvirus, is predetermined for a well-orchestrated epigenetic reprogramming once it enters into the host cell. The initial epigenetic reprogramming of the KSHV genome allows restricted expression of encoded genes and helps to hide from host immune recognition. Infection with KSHV is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, multicentric Castleman's disease, KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome, and primary effusion lymphoma. The major epigenetic modifications associated with KSHV can be labeled under three broad categories: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the role of noncoding RNAs. These epigenetic modifications significantly contribute toward the latent-lytic switch of the KSHV lifecycle. This review gives a brief account of the major epigenetic modifications affiliated with the KSHV genome in infected cells and their impact on pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Srivastava
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Srivastava
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar Singh
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa 388421, Gujarat, India
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Wang J, Niu Y, Yang M, Shu L, Wang H, Wu X, He Y, Chen P, Zhong G, Tang Z, Zhang S, Guo Q, Wang Y, Yu L, Gou D. Altered cfDNA fragmentation profile in hypomethylated regions as diagnostic markers in breast cancer. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:33. [PMID: 37740218 PMCID: PMC10517480 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-023-00508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women worldwide, has been proven to have both altered plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation and fragmentation profiles. Nevertheless, simultaneously detecting both of them for breast cancer diagnosis has never been reported. Moreover, although fragmentation pattern of cfDNA is determined by nuclease digestion of chromatin, structure of which may be affected by DNA methylation, whether cfDNA methylation and fragmentation are biologically related or not still remains unclear. METHODS Improved cfMeDIP-seq were utilized to characterize both cfDNA methylation and fragmentation profiles in 49 plasma samples from both healthy individuals and patients with breast cancer. The feasibility of using cfDNA fragmentation profile in hypo- and hypermethylated regions as diagnostic markers for breast cancer was evaluated. RESULTS Mean size of cfDNA fragments (100-220 bp) mapped to hypomethylated regions decreased more in patients with breast cancer (4.60 bp, 172.33 to 167.73 bp) than in healthy individuals (2.87 bp, 174.54 to 171.67 bp). Furthermore, proportion of short cfDNA fragments (100-150 bp) in hypomethylated regions when compared with it in hypermethylated regions was found to increase more in patients with breast cancer in two independent discovery cohort. The feasibility of using abnormality of short cfDNA fragments ratio in hypomethylated genomic regions for breast cancer diagnosis in validation cohort was evaluated. 7 out of 11 patients were detected as having breast cancer (63.6% sensitivity), whereas no healthy individuals were mis-detected (100% specificity). CONCLUSION We identified enriched short cfDNA fragments after 5mC-immunoprecipitation (IP) in patients with breast cancer, and demonstrated the enriched short cfDNA fragments might originated from hypomethylated genomic regions. Furthermore, we proved the feasibility of using differentially methylated regions (DMRs)-dependent cfDNA fragmentation profile for breast cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yanqin Niu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lirong Shu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hongxian Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Yaqin He
- Surgical Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750003, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Guocheng Zhong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Carson International Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhixiong Tang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qianwen Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Carson International Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Aroosa M, Malik JA, Ahmed S, Bender O, Ahemad N, Anwar S. The evidence for repurposing anti-epileptic drugs to target cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7667-7680. [PMID: 37418080 PMCID: PMC10460753 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Antiepileptic drugs are versatile drugs with the potential to be used in functional drug formulations with drug repurposing approaches. In the present review, we investigated the anticancer properties of antiepileptic drugs and interlinked cancer and epileptic pathways. Our focus was primarily on those drugs that have entered clinical trials with positive results and those that provided good results in preclinical studies. Many contributing factors make cancer therapy fail, like drug resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and cost; exploring all alternatives for efficient treatment is important. It is crucial to find new drug targets to find out new antitumor molecules from the already clinically validated and approved drugs utilizing drug repurposing methods. The advancements in genomics, proteomics, and other computational approaches speed up drug repurposing. This review summarizes the potential of antiepileptic drugs in different cancers and tumor progression in the brain. Valproic acid, oxcarbazepine, lacosamide, lamotrigine, and levetiracetam are the drugs that showed potential beneficial outcomes against different cancers. Antiepileptic drugs might be a good option for adjuvant cancer therapy, but there is a need to investigate further their efficacy in cancer therapy clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Aroosa
- Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Ropar, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Onur Bender
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan lagoon selatan, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, DE, Malaysia.
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
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de Luna FCF, Ferreira WAS, Casseb SMM, de Oliveira EHC. Anticancer Potential of Flavonoids: An Overview with an Emphasis on Tangeretin. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1229. [PMID: 37765037 PMCID: PMC10537037 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds with pharmacological activity, flavonoids have been the subject of an exponential increase in studies in the field of scientific research focused on therapeutic purposes due to their bioactive properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, radioprotective, and antitumor activities. The biological potential of flavonoids, added to their bioavailability, cost-effectiveness, and minimal side effects, direct them as promising cytotoxic anticancer compounds in the optimization of therapies and the search for new drugs in the treatment of cancer, since some extensively antineoplastic therapeutic approaches have become less effective due to tumor resistance to drugs commonly used in chemotherapy. In this review, we emphasize the antitumor properties of tangeretin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that has shown activity against some hallmarks of cancer in several types of cancerous cell lines, such as antiproliferative, apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, regulatory expression of tumor-suppressor genes, and epigenetic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Canindé Ferreira de Luna
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Environmental Mutagenesis, Environment Section (SEAMB), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), BR 316, KM 7, s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (W.A.S.F.); (E.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Environmental Mutagenesis, Environment Section (SEAMB), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), BR 316, KM 7, s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (W.A.S.F.); (E.H.C.d.O.)
| | | | - Edivaldo Herculano Correa de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Environmental Mutagenesis, Environment Section (SEAMB), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), BR 316, KM 7, s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (W.A.S.F.); (E.H.C.d.O.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Belém 66075-990, Brazil
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Senapati S, Irshad IU, Sharma AK, Kumar H. Fundamental insights into the correlation between chromosome configuration and transcription. Phys Biol 2023; 20:051002. [PMID: 37467757 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ace8e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic chromosomes exhibit a hierarchical organization that spans a spectrum of length scales, ranging from sub-regions known as loops, which typically comprise hundreds of base pairs, to much larger chromosome territories that can encompass a few mega base pairs. Chromosome conformation capture experiments that involve high-throughput sequencing methods combined with microscopy techniques have enabled a new understanding of inter- and intra-chromosomal interactions with unprecedented details. This information also provides mechanistic insights on the relationship between genome architecture and gene expression. In this article, we review the recent findings on three-dimensional interactions among chromosomes at the compartment, topologically associating domain, and loop levels and the impact of these interactions on the transcription process. We also discuss current understanding of various biophysical processes involved in multi-layer structural organization of chromosomes. Then, we discuss the relationships between gene expression and genome structure from perturbative genome-wide association studies. Furthermore, for a better understanding of how chromosome architecture and function are linked, we emphasize the role of epigenetic modifications in the regulation of gene expression. Such an understanding of the relationship between genome architecture and gene expression can provide a new perspective on the range of potential future discoveries and therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayamshree Senapati
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Inayat Ullah Irshad
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, Jammu 181221, India
| | - Ajeet K Sharma
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, Jammu 181221, India
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu 181221, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
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Srivatsa A, Lei H, Schwartz R. A Clonal Evolution Simulator for Planning Somatic Evolution Studies. J Comput Biol 2023; 30:831-847. [PMID: 37184853 PMCID: PMC10457648 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2023.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic evolution plays a key role in development, cell differentiation, and normal aging, but also in diseases such as cancer. Understanding mechanisms of somatic mutability and how they can vary between cell lineages will likely play a crucial role in biological discovery and medical applications. This need has led to a proliferation of new technologies for profiling single-cell variation, each with distinctive capabilities and limitations that can be leveraged alone or in combination with other technologies. The enormous space of options for assaying somatic variation, however, presents unsolved informatics problems with regard to selecting optimal combinations of technologies for designing appropriate studies for any particular scientific questions. Versatile simulation tools are needed to explore and optimize potential study designs if researchers are to deploy multiomic technologies most effectively. In this study, we present a simulator allowing for the generation of synthetic data from a wide range of clonal lineages, variant classes, and sequencing technology choices, intended to provide a platform for effective study design in somatic lineage analysis. Users can input various properties of the somatic evolutionary system, mutation classes, and biotechnology options, and then generate samples of synthetic sequence reads and their corresponding ground truth parameters for a given study design. We demonstrate the utility of the simulator for testing and optimizing study designs for various experimental queries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Srivatsa
- Department of Computational Biology, and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Haoyun Lei
- Department of Computational Biology, and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Russell Schwartz
- Department of Computational Biology, and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Reyes-Castro RA, Chen SY, Seemann J, Kundu ST, Gibbons DL, Arur S. Phosphorylated nuclear DICER1 promotes open chromatin state and lineage plasticity of AT2 tumor cells in lung adenocarcinomas. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6210. [PMID: 37494452 PMCID: PMC10371025 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
KRAS/ERK pathway phosphorylates DICER1, causing its nuclear translocation, and phosphomimetic Dicer1 contributes to tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanisms through which phospho-DICER1 regulates tumor progression remain undefined. While DICER1 canonically regulates microRNAs (miRNA) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we found that phosphorylated nuclear DICER1 (phospho-nuclear DICER1) promotes late-stage tumor progression in mice with oncogenic Kras, independent of miRNAs and EMT. Instead, we observe that the murine AT2 tumor cells exhibit altered chromatin compaction, and cells from disorganized advanced tumors, but not localized tumors, express gastric genes. Collectively, this results in subpopulations of tumor cells transitioning from a restricted alveolar to a broader endodermal lineage state. In human LUADs, we observed expression of phospho-nuclear DICER1 in advanced tumors together with the expression of gastric genes. We define a multimeric chromatin-DICER1 complex composed of the Mediator complex subunit 12, CBX1, MACROH2A.1, and transcriptional regulators supporting the model that phospho-nuclear DICER1 leads to lineage reprogramming of AT2 tumor cells to mediate lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa A. Reyes-Castro
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shin-Yu Chen
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob Seemann
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samrat T. Kundu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Don L. Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Swathi Arur
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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Nguyen AV, Soto JM, Gonzalez SM, Murillo J, Trumble ER, Shan FY, Huang JH. H3G34-Mutant Gliomas-A Review of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Options. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2002. [PMID: 37509641 PMCID: PMC10377039 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System reflected advances in understanding of the roles of oncohistones in gliomagenesis with the introduction of the H3.3-G34R/V mutant glioma to the already recognized H3-K27M altered glioma, which represent the diagnoses of pediatric-type diffuse hemispheric glioma and diffuse midline glioma, respectively. Despite advances in research regarding these disease entities, the prognosis remains poor. While many studies and clinical trials focus on H3-K27M-altered-glioma patients, those with H3.3-G34R/V mutant gliomas represent a particularly understudied population. Thus, we sought to review the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underpinning the gliomagenesis of H3.3-G34R/V mutant gliomas and the diagnosis, treatment, long-term outcomes, and possible future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony V Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Jose M Soto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Sarah-Marie Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Jennifer Murillo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Eric R Trumble
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Frank Y Shan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, USA
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Kciuk M, Alam M, Ali N, Rashid S, Głowacka P, Sundaraj R, Celik I, Yahya EB, Dubey A, Zerroug E, Kontek R. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Therapeutic Potential in Cancer: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Implications. Molecules 2023; 28:5246. [PMID: 37446908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of the equilibrium between cell proliferation and apoptosis have emerged as rational targets that can be exploited in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant phenolic compound found in green tea. It has been shown to regulate multiple crucial cellular signaling pathways, including those mediated by EGFR, JAK-STAT, MAPKs, NF-κB, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, and others. Deregulation of the abovementioned pathways is involved in the pathophysiology of cancer. It has been demonstrated that EGCG may exert anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-inducing effects or induce epigenetic changes. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical studies suggest that EGCG may be used in the treatment of numerous disorders, including cancer. This review aims to summarize the existing knowledge regarding the biological properties of EGCG, especially in the context of cancer treatment and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pola Głowacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 90-001 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medical University of Lodz, Hallera 1 Square, 90-700 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rajamanikandan Sundaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Drug Discovery, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, Turkey
| | - Esam Bashir Yahya
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Amit Dubey
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida 201310, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Enfale Zerroug
- LMCE Laboratory, Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Biskra, Biskra 07000, Algeria
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Twenhafel L, Moreno D, Punt T, Kinney M, Ryznar R. Epigenetic Changes Associated with Osteosarcoma: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2023; 12:1595. [PMID: 37371065 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. While clinical outcomes have improved, the 5-year survival rate is only around 60% if discovered early and can require debilitating treatments, such as amputations. A better understanding of the disease could lead to better clinical outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma. One promising avenue of osteosarcoma research is in the field of epigenetics. This research investigates changes in genetic expression that occur above the genome rather than in the genetic code itself. The epigenetics of osteosarcoma is an active area of research that is still not fully understood. In a narrative review, we examine recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma by reporting biomarkers of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA associated with disease progression. We also show how cancer tumor epigenetic profiles are being used to predict and improve patient outcomes. The papers in this review cover a large range of epigenetic target genes and pathways that modulate many aspects of osteosarcoma, including but not limited to metastases and chemotherapy resistance. Ultimately, this review will shed light on the recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma and illustrate the clinical benefits of this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Twenhafel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - DiAnna Moreno
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Trista Punt
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Madeline Kinney
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Rebecca Ryznar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
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Ma L, Li C, Yin H, Huang J, Yu S, Zhao J, Tang Y, Yu M, Lin J, Ding L, Cui Q. The Mechanism of DNA Methylation and miRNA in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119360. [PMID: 37298314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the world. Currently, the main treatments for breast cancer are radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and surgery. The treatment measures for breast cancer depend on the molecular subtype. Thus, the exploration of the underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for breast cancer remains a hotspot in research. In breast cancer, a high level of expression of DNMTs is highly correlated with poor prognosis, that is, the abnormal methylation of tumor suppressor genes usually promotes tumorigenesis and progression. MiRNAs, as non-coding RNAs, have been identified to play key roles in breast cancer. The aberrant methylation of miRNAs could lead to drug resistance during the aforementioned treatment. Therefore, the regulation of miRNA methylation might serve as a therapeutic target in breast cancer. In this paper, we reviewed studies on the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA and DNA methylation in breast cancer from the last decade, focusing on the promoter region of tumor suppressor miRNAs methylated by DNMTs and the highly expressed oncogenic miRNAs inhibited by DNMTs or activating TETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyuan Ma
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Hanlin Yin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Jiashu Huang
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Shenghao Yu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Yongxu Tang
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Min Yu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, Kunming 650214, China
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48
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Srivastava R, Singh R, Jauhari S, Lodhi N, Srivastava R. Histone Demethylase Modulation: Epigenetic Strategy to Combat Cancer Progression. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:epigenomes7020010. [PMID: 37218871 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are heritable, reversible changes in histones or the DNA that control gene functions, being exogenous to the genomic sequence itself. Human diseases, particularly cancer, are frequently connected to epigenetic dysregulations. One of them is histone methylation, which is a dynamically reversible and synchronously regulated process that orchestrates the three-dimensional epigenome, nuclear processes of transcription, DNA repair, cell cycle, and epigenetic functions, by adding or removing methylation groups to histones. Over the past few years, reversible histone methylation has become recognized as a crucial regulatory mechanism for the epigenome. With the development of numerous medications that target epigenetic regulators, epigenome-targeted therapy has been used in the treatment of malignancies and has shown meaningful therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical trials. The present review focuses on the recent advances in our knowledge on the role of histone demethylases in tumor development and modulation, in emphasizing molecular mechanisms that control cancer cell progression. Finally, we emphasize current developments in the advent of new molecular inhibitors that target histone demethylases to regulate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rubi Singh
- Department of Hematology, Bioreference Laboratories, Elmwood Park, NJ 07407, USA
| | - Shaurya Jauhari
- Division of Education, Training, and Assessment, Global Education Center, Infosys Limited, Mysuru 570027, Karnataka, India
| | - Niraj Lodhi
- Clinical Research (Research and Development Division) Mirna Analytics LLC, Harlem Bio-Space, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rakesh Srivastava
- Molecular Biology and Microbiology, GenTox Research and Development, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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49
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Inchakalody VP, Hydrose SP, Krishnankutty R, Merhi M, Therachiyil L, Sasidharan Nair V, Elashi AA, Khan AQ, Taleb S, Raza A, Yoosuf ZSKM, Fernandes Q, Al-Zaidan L, Mestiri S, Taib N, Bedhiafi T, Moustafa D, Assami L, Maalej KM, Elkord E, Uddin S, Al Homsi U, Dermime S. The molecular mechanisms of apoptosis accompanied with the epigenetic regulation of the NY-ESO-1 antigen in non-small lung cancer cells treated with decitabine (5-aza-CdR). Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 945:175612. [PMID: 36822455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated epigenetic modifications are common in lung cancer but have been reversed using demethylating agent like 5-Aza-CdR. 5-Aza-CdR induces/upregulates the NY-ESO-1 antigen in lung cancer. Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanisms accompanied with the epigenetic regulation of NY-ESO-1 in 5-Aza-CdR-treated NCI-H1975 cell line. We showed significant induction of the NY-ESO-1 protein (**p < 0.0097) using Cellular ELISA. Bisulfite-sequencing demonstrated 45.6% demethylation efficiency at the NY-ESO-1 gene promoter region and RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the significant induction of NY-ESO-1 at mRNA level (128-fold increase, *p < 0.050). We then investigated the mechanism by which 5-Aza-CdR inhibits cell proliferation in the NCI-H1975 cell line. Upregulation of the death receptors TRAIL (2.04-fold *p < 0.011) and FAS (2.1-fold *p < 0.011) indicate activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. The upregulation of Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (1.9-fold), Major vault protein (1.8-fold), Bax (1.16-fold), and Cytochrome C (1.39-fold) indicate the activation of the intrinsic pathway. We also observed the differential expression of protein Complement C3 (3.3-fold), Destrin (-5.1-fold), Vimentin (-1.7-fold), Peroxiredoxin 4 (-1.6-fold), Fascin (-1.8-fold), Heme oxygenase-2 (-0.67-fold**p < 0.0055), Hsp27 (-0.57-fold**p < 0.004), and Hsp70 (-0.39-fold **p < 0.001), indicating reduced cell growth, cell migration, and metastasis. The upregulation of 40S ribosomal protein S9 (3-fold), 40S ribosomal protein S15 (4.2-fold), 40S ribosomal protein S18 (2.5-fold), and 60S ribosomal protein L22 (4.4-fold) implied the induction of translation machinery. These results reiterate the decisive role of 5-Aza-CdR in lung cancer treatment since it induces the epigenetic regulation of NY-ESO-1 antigen, inhibits cell proliferation, increases apoptosis, and decreases invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varghese P Inchakalody
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shereena P Hydrose
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Roopesh Krishnankutty
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varun Sasidharan Nair
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Germany
| | - Asma A Elashi
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Taleb
- Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zeenath Safira K M Yoosuf
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lobna Al-Zaidan
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sarra Mestiri
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nassiba Taib
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Moustafa
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laila Assami
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karama Makni Maalej
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eyad Elkord
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Oman; Biomedical Research Center, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, UK
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ussama Al Homsi
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Said Dermime
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Interim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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50
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Barbeiro CDO, Fernandes D, Palaçon MP, Castilho RM, de Almeida LY, Bufalino A. Inflammatory Cells Can Alter the Levels of H3K9ac and γH2AX in Dysplastic Cells and Favor Tumor Phenotype. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040662. [PMID: 37109048 PMCID: PMC10141380 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are clinical presentations that carry an increased risk of cancer development. Currently, epithelial dysplasia grade is based on architectural and cytological epithelial changes and is used to predict the malignant transformation of these lesions. However, predicting which OPMD will progress to a malignant tumor is very challenging. Inflammatory infiltrates can favor cancer development, and recent studies suggest that this association with OPMD lesions may be related to the etiology and/or aggressive clinical behavior of these lesions. Epigenetic changes such as histone modifications may mediate chronic inflammation and also favor tumor cells in immune resistance and evasion. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between histone acetylation (H3K9ac) and DNA damage in the context of dysplastic lesions with prominent chronic inflammation. Immunofluorescence of "low-risk" and "high-risk" OPMD lesions (n = 24) and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (n = 10) as the control group was performed to assess histone acetylation levels and DNA damage through the phosphorylation of H2AX (γH2AX). Cell co-culture assays with PBMCs and oral keratinocyte cell lines (NOK-SI, DOK, and SCC-25) were performed to assess proliferation, adhesion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Oral dysplastic lesions showed a hypoacetylation of H3K9 and low levels of γH2AX compared to control. The contact of dysplastic oral keratinocytes with PBMCs favored EMT and the loss of cell-cell adhesion. On the other hand, p27 levels increased and cyclin E decreased in DOK, indicating cell cycle arrest. We conclude that the presence of chronic inflammation associated to dysplastic lesions is capable of promoting epigenetic alterations, which in turn can favor the process of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Oliveira Barbeiro
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Darcy Fernandes
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Paravani Palaçon
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, 1011N University Av, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | - Luciana Yamamoto de Almeida
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
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