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Abbas K, Li J, Gong B, Lu Y, Wu X, Lü G, Gao H. Drought Stress Tolerance in Vegetables: The Functional Role of Structural Features, Key Gene Pathways, and Exogenous Hormones. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13876. [PMID: 37762179 PMCID: PMC10530793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The deleterious effects of drought stress have led to a significant decline in vegetable production, ultimately affecting food security. After sensing drought stress signals, vegetables prompt multifaceted response measures, eventually leading to changes in internal cell structure and external morphology. Among them, it is important to highlight that the changes, including changes in physiological metabolism, signal transduction, key genes, and hormone regulation, significantly influence drought stress tolerance in vegetables. This article elaborates on vegetable stress tolerance, focusing on structural adaptations, key genes, drought stress signaling transduction pathways, osmotic adjustments, and antioxidants. At the same time, the mechanisms of exogenous hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) toward improving the adaptive drought tolerance of vegetables were also reviewed. These insights can enhance the understanding of vegetable drought tolerance, supporting vegetable tolerance enhancement by cultivation technology improvements under changing climatic conditions, which provides theoretical support and technical reference for innovative vegetable stress tolerance breeding and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Ministry of Education of China-Hebei Province Joint Innovation Center for Efficient Green Vegetable Industry, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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Suraninpong P, Thongkhao K, Azzeme AM, Suksa-Ard P. Monitoring Drought Tolerance in Oil Palm: Choline Monooxygenase as a Novel Molecular Marker. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3089. [PMID: 37687336 PMCID: PMC10490023 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity negatively impacts oil palm production, necessitating the development of drought-tolerant varieties. This study aimed to develop molecular markers for oil palm breeding programs focused on drought tolerance. Genes associated with drought tolerance were selected, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based markers were developed. Genomic DNA was successfully extracted from 17 oil palm varieties, and 20 primers out of 44 were effectively amplified. Screening with single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) revealed an informative SNP marker from the choline monooxygenase (CMO) gene, exhibiting CC, CT, and TT genotypes. Notably, the oil palm variety La Mé showed the CT genotype, while Surat Thani 2 (Deli × La Mé) exhibited the CT and CC genotypes in a 1:1 ratio. Gene expression analysis confirmed the association of the CMO gene with drought tolerance in commercial oil palm varieties. The full-length CMO gene was 1308 bp long and shared sequence similarities with other plant species. However, amino acid sequence variations were observed compared with existing databases. These findings highlight the potential utility of the CMO marker for drought tolerance selection, specifically within the La Mé parent of oil palm Surat Thani 2 varieties, and strongly confirm the La Mé S5 population and Surat Thani 2 as drought-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Potjamarn Suraninpong
- School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand;
- Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Kannika Thongkhao
- School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand;
| | - Azzreena Mohamad Azzeme
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Padungsak Suksa-Ard
- School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand;
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Quan J, Li X, Li Z, Wu M, Zhu B, Hong SB, Shi J, Zhu Z, Xu L, Zang Y. Transcriptomic Analysis of Heat Stress Response in Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis with Improved Thermotolerance through Exogenous Glycine Betaine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076429. [PMID: 37047402 PMCID: PMC10094913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is sensitive to high temperature, which will cause the B. rapa to remain in a semi-dormancy state. Foliar spray of GB prior to heat stress was proven to enhance B. rapa thermotolerance. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms of GB-primed resistance or adaptation towards heat stress, we investigated the transcriptomes of GB-primed and non-primed heat-sensitive B. rapa ‘Beijing No. 3’ variety by RNA-Seq analysis. A total of 582 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from GB-primed plants exposed to heat stress relative to non-primed plants under heat stress and were assigned to 350 gene ontology (GO) pathways and 69 KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways. The analysis of the KEGG enrichment pathways revealed that the most abundantly up-regulated pathways were protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (14 genes), followed by plant hormone signal transduction (12 genes), ribosome (8 genes), MAPK signaling pathway (8 genes), homologous recombination (7 genes), nucleotide excision repair metabolism (5 genes), glutathione metabolism (4 genes), and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism (4 genes). The most abundantly down-regulated pathways were plant-pathogen interaction (14 genes), followed by phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (7 genes); arginine and proline metabolism (6 genes); cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis (4 genes); and tryptophan metabolism (4 genes). Several calcium sensing/transducing proteins, as well as transcription factors associated with abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), auxin, and cytokinin hormones were either up- or down-regulated in GB-primed B. rapa plants under heat stress. In particular, expression of the genes for antioxidant defense, heat shock response, and DNA damage repair systems were highly increased by GB priming. On the other hand, many of the genes involved in the calcium sensors and cell surface receptors involved in plant innate immunity and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were down-regulated in the absence of pathogen elicitors in GB-primed B. rapa seedlings. Overall GB priming activated ABA and SA signaling pathways but deactivated auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways while suppressing the innate immunity in B. rapa seedlings exposed to heat stress. The present study provides a preliminary understanding of the thermotolerance mechanisms in GB-primed plants and is of great importance in developing thermotolerant B. rapa cultivars by using the identified DEGs through genetic modification.
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Xing P, Luo H, He Z, He L, Zhao H, Tang X, Duan M. Trans-Zeatin induce regulation the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:88. [PMID: 36765297 PMCID: PMC9921689 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plants, cytokinin is activated into trans-zeatin to fight abiotic stresses. However, the mechanism of the effect of trans-zeatin on 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis in fragrant rice has yet to be studied. The present study was conducted to explore the effects of exogenous trans-zeatin on enzymes activities, genes expression, and precursors involved in 2-AP biosynthesis and 2-AP contents as well as the seedling quality of a fragrant rice cultivar viz., Meixiangzhan2. Four concentrations of trans-zeatin solutions at 20, 40, and 80 μmol L- 1 (ZT1, ZT2, and ZT3) were sprayed onto rice seedlings. RESULTS Compared to the control, trans-zeatin treatments showed significantly higher 2-AP contents of fragrant rice seedlings. Increased plant height and stem width were observed due to trans-zeatin treatments. The trans-zeatin application increased 1-pyrroline, methylglyoxal, proline, and P5C contents, enhanced P5CS and OAT activities, and reduced glutamic acid contents. In addition, expressions of ProDH, P5CS2, and DAO4 were comparatively higher under trans-zeatin treatments than CK in fragrant rice seedlings. CONCLUSIONS Overall, up-regulation of P5C, 1-pyrroline, and proline and down-regulation of glutamic acid under appropriate trans-zeatin concentrations (20 and 40 μmol L- 1) resulted in enhanced 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice seedlings and 20-40 μmol L- 1 was considered as the suggested concentrations of trans-zeatin application in fragrant rice seedling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pipeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haowen Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenzhen He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Longxin He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Biological Seed Industry in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Meiyang Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Zheng Y, Zong J, Liu J, Wang R, Chen J, Guo H, Kong W, Liu J, Chen Y. Mining for salt-tolerant genes from halophyte Zoysia matrella using FOX system and functional analysis of ZmGnTL. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1063436. [PMID: 36466287 PMCID: PMC9714509 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1063436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Zoysia matrella is a salt-tolerant turfgrass grown in areas with high soil salinity irrigated with effluent water. Previous studies focused on explaining the regulatory mechanism of Z. matrella salt-tolerance at phenotypic and physiological levels. However, the molecular mechanism associated with salt tolerance of Z. matrella remained unclear. In this study, a high-efficient method named FOX (full-length cDNA overexpression) hunting system was used to search for salt-tolerant genes in Z. matrella. Eleven candidate genes, including several known or novel salt-tolerant genes involved in different metabolism pathways, were identified. These genes exhibited inducible expression under salt stress condition. Furthermore, a novel salt-inducible candidate gene ZmGnTL was transformed into Arabidopsis for functional analysis. ZmGnTL improved salt-tolerance through regulating ion homeostasis, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and osmotic adjustment. In summary, we demonstrated that FOX is a reliable system for discovering novel genes relevant to salt tolerance and several candidate genes were identified from Z. matrella that can assist molecular breeding for plant salt-tolerance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zheng
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junqin Zong
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruying Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Hailin Guo
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiyi Kong
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxiu Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Bao G, Huang S, Ashraf U, Qiao J, Zheng A, Zhou Q, Li L, Wan X. Insights of Improved Aroma under Additional Nitrogen Application at Booting Stage in Fragrant Rice. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2092. [PMID: 36421767 PMCID: PMC9691032 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant mineral nutrition substantially affects the growth, yield and quality of rice, whereas nitrogen (N) application contributes significantly in this regard. Undoubtedly, N application improves rice aroma biosynthesis; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis in the presence of nitrogen application at the booting stage has remained largely unexplored. The present study examined the effects of three N levels, i.e., 0 g per pot (N0), 0.43 g per pot (N1) and 0.86 g per pot (N2) on intermediates, enzymes and genes involved in 2-AP biosynthesis, as well as on the yield of two fragrant rice cultivars viz, Meixiangzhan2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan. N was additionally applied at the booting stage. The results depicted that the levels of precursor, such as proline, and the activity of enzymes involved in 2-AP biosynthesis, such as Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and diamine oxidase (DAO), and P5CS1 gene expression were comparatively higher under N1 than N0 in both fragrant rice cultivars. Moreover, the N2 treatment increased the grain panicle-1, filled grain percentage and grain yield of both rice cultivars, while the grain yield of Meixiangzhan2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan was increased by 15.87% and 12.09%, respectively, under N2 compared to N1 treatment. Hence, 0.43 g per pot of N showed positive performances in yield and aroma accumulation in fragrant rice and should be further employed in the practice and production for better cultivation in the rice market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gegen Bao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Innovative Institute for Modern Seed Industry, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Suihua Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Jingxuan Qiao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Innovative Institute for Modern Seed Industry, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Axiang Zheng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Innovative Institute for Modern Seed Industry, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Innovative Institute for Modern Seed Industry, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xiaorong Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Innovative Institute for Modern Seed Industry, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
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Pan-genomic, transcriptomic, and miRNA analyses to decipher genetic diversity and anthocyanin pathway genes among the traditional rice landraces. Genomics 2022; 114:110436. [PMID: 35902069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Black rice is famous for containing high anthocyanin while Joha rice is aromatic with low anthocyanin containing rice from the North Eastern Region (NER) of India. However, there are limited reports on the anthocyanin biosynthesis in Manipur Black rice. Therefore, the present study was aimed to understand the origin, domestication and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways in Black rice using the next generation sequencing of approaches. With the sequencing data, various analyses were carried out for differential expression and construction of a pan-genome. Protein coding RNA and small RNA sequencing analysis aided in determining 7415 and 131 differentially expressed transcripts and miRNAs, respectively in NER rice. This is the first extensive study on identification and expression analysis of miRNAs and their target genes in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in NER rice. This study will aid in better understanding for decoding the theory of high or low anthocyanin content in different rice genotypes.
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Ghosh UK, Islam MN, Siddiqui MN, Khan MAR. Understanding the roles of osmolytes for acclimatizing plants to changing environment: a review of potential mechanism. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1913306. [PMID: 34134596 PMCID: PMC8244753 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1913306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are significant environmental issues that restrict plant growth, productivity, and survival while also posing a threat to global food production and security. Plants produce compatible solutes known as osmolytes to adapt themselves in such changing environment. Osmolytes contribute to homeostasis maintenance, provide the driving gradient for water uptake, maintain cell turgor by osmotic adjustment, and redox metabolism to remove excess level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reestablish the cellular redox balance as well as protect cellular machinery from osmotic stress and oxidative damage. Perceiving the mechanisms how plants interpret environmental signals and transmit them to cellular machinery to activate adaptive responses is important for crop improvement programs to get stress-tolerant varieties. A large number of studies conducted in the last few decades have shown that osmolytes accumulate in plants and have strong associations with abiotic stress tolerance. Production of abundant osmolytes is needed for tolerance in many plant species. In addition, transgenic plants overexpressing genes for different osmolytes showed enhanced tolerance to various abiotic stresses. Many important aspects of their mechanisms of action are yet to be largely identified, especially regarding the relevance and relative contribution of specific osmolytes to the stress tolerance of a given species. Therefore, more efforts and resources should be invested in the study of the abiotic stress responses of plants in their natural habitats. The present review focuses on the possible roles and mechanisms of osmolytes and their association toward abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This review would help the readers in learning more about osmolytes and how they behave in changing environments as well as getting an idea of how this knowledge could be applied to develop stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nahidul Islam
- Department of Agro-Processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nurealam Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (Inres)-plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Md. Arifur Rahman Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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Natarajan P, Murugesan AK, Govindan G, Gopalakrishnan A, Kumar R, Duraisamy P, Balaji R, Tanuja, Shyamli PS, Parida AK, Parani M. A reference-grade genome identifies salt-tolerance genes from the salt-secreting mangrove species Avicennia marina. Commun Biol 2021; 4:851. [PMID: 34239036 PMCID: PMC8266904 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Water scarcity and salinity are major challenges facing agriculture today, which can be addressed by engineering plants to grow in the boundless seawater. Understanding the mangrove plants at the molecular level will be necessary for developing such highly salt-tolerant agricultural crops. With this objective, we sequenced the genome of a salt-secreting and extraordinarily salt-tolerant mangrove species, Avicennia marina, that grows optimally in 75% seawater and tolerates >250% seawater. Our reference-grade ~457 Mb genome contains 31 scaffolds corresponding to its chromosomes. We identified 31,477 protein-coding genes and a salinome consisting of 3246 salinity-responsive genes and homologs of 614 experimentally validated salinity tolerance genes. The salinome provides a strong foundation to understand the molecular mechanisms of salinity tolerance in plants and breeding crops suitable for seawater farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purushothaman Natarajan
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ashok Kumar Murugesan
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ganesan Govindan
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ayyaru Gopalakrishnan
- grid.411408.80000 0001 2369 7742Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ravichandiran Kumar
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Purushothaman Duraisamy
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Raju Balaji
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Tanuja
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Puhan Sushree Shyamli
- grid.418782.00000 0004 0504 0781Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ajay K. Parida
- grid.418782.00000 0004 0504 0781Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Madasamy Parani
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu India
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Abstract
With the global climate anomalies and the destruction of ecological balance, the water shortage has become a serious ecological problem facing all mankind, and drought has become a key factor restricting the development of agricultural production. Therefore, it is essential to study the drought tolerance of crops. Based on previous studies, we reviewed the effects of drought stress on plant morphology and physiology, including the changes of external morphology and internal structure of root, stem, and leaf, the effects of drought stress on osmotic regulation substances, drought-induced proteins, and active oxygen metabolism of plants. In this paper, the main drought stress signals and signal transduction pathways in plants are described, and the functional genes and regulatory genes related to drought stress are listed, respectively. We summarize the above aspects to provide valuable background knowledge and theoretical basis for future agriculture, forestry breeding, and cultivation.
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11
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Tola AJ, Jaballi A, Germain H, Missihoun TD. Recent Development on Plant Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzymes and Their Functions in Plant Development and Stress Signaling. Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:genes12010051. [PMID: 33396326 PMCID: PMC7823795 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic stresses induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently causes the excessive accumulation of aldehydes in cells. Stress-derived aldehydes are commonly designated as reactive electrophile species (RES) as a result of the presence of an electrophilic α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are NAD(P)+-dependent enzymes that metabolize a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde molecules by oxidizing them to their corresponding carboxylic acids. The ALDH enzymes are found in nearly all organisms, and plants contain fourteen ALDH protein families. In this review, we performed a critical analysis of the research reports over the last decade on plant ALDHs. Newly discovered roles for these enzymes in metabolism, signaling and development have been highlighted and discussed. We concluded with suggestions for future investigations to exploit the potential of these enzymes in biotechnology and to improve our current knowledge about these enzymes in gene signaling and plant development.
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12
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Yin X, Yi K, Zhao Y, Hu Y, Li X, He T, Liu J, Cui G. Revealing the full-length transcriptome of caucasian clover rhizome development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:429. [PMID: 32938399 PMCID: PMC7493993 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) is a strongly rhizomatous, low-crowned perennial leguminous and ground-covering grass. The species may be used as an ornamental plant and is resistant to cold, arid temperatures and grazing due to a well-developed underground rhizome system and a strong clonal reproduction capacity. However, the posttranscriptional mechanism of the development of the rhizome system in caucasian clover has not been comprehensively studied. Additionally, a reference genome for this species has not yet been published, which limits further exploration of many important biological processes in this plant. RESULT We adopted PacBio sequencing and Illumina sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in five tissues, including taproot (T1), horizontal rhizome (T2), swelling of taproot (T3), rhizome bud (T4) and rhizome bud tip (T5) tissues, in the caucasian clover rhizome. In total, we obtained 19.82 GB clean data and 80,654 nonredundant transcripts were analysed. Additionally, we identified 78,209 open reading frames (ORFs), 65,227 coding sequences (CDSs), 58,276 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), 6821 alternative splicing (AS) events, 2429 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 4501 putative transcription factors (TFs) from 64 different families. Compared with other tissues, T5 exhibited more DEGs, and co-upregulated genes in T5 are mainly annotated as involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. We also identified betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) as a highly expressed gene-specific to T5. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of transcription factors and physiological indicators were combined to reveal 11 hub genes (MEgreen-GA3), three of which belong to the HB-KNOX family, that are up-regulated in T3. We analysed 276 DEGs involved in hormone signalling and transduction, and the largest number of genes are associated with the auxin (IAA) signalling pathway, with significant up-regulation in T2 and T5. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to our understanding of gene expression across five different tissues and provides preliminary insight into rhizome growth and development in caucasian clover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kun Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yihang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yao Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Taotao He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiaxue Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guowen Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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13
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Whankaew S, Kaewmanee S, Ruttajorn K, Phongdara A. Indel marker analysis of putative stress-related genes reveals genetic diversity and differentiation of rice landraces in peninsular Thailand. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1237-1247. [PMID: 32549686 PMCID: PMC7266884 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Genetic assessment of rice landraces is important for germplasm evaluation and genetic resource utilization. Rice landraces in peninsular Thailand have adapted to unique environmental stresses over time and have great significance as a genetic resource for crop improvement. In this study, rice landraces derived from rice research centers and farmers from different areas of peninsular Thailand were genetically assessed using 16 polymorphic InDel markers from putative stress-related genes. A total of 36 alleles were obtained. The average PIC value was 0.27/marker. The FST varied from 0.46 to 1.00. Genetic diversity was observed both within and between populations. AMOVA indicated that genetic variations occurred mainly between populations (70%) rather than within populations (30%). The dendrogram, population structure, and PCoA scatter plot clearly demonstrated the differentiation of the two major groups, i.e., landraces from upland and lowland rice ecosystems. The unique alleles of Indel1922, -2543, -6746, -7447 and -8538, which lie in genes encoding putative WAX2, heavy metal-associated domain-containing protein, GA20ox2, PTF1, and PLETHORA2, respectively, were only found in rice from upland ecosystems. Putative WAX2, GA20ox2, and PLETHORA2 are likely related to drought and salt stress. Our findings demonstrate the diversity of landraces in peninsular Thailand. The preservation of these landraces should be facilitated with effective markers to maintain all variant alleles and to protect the genetic diversity. Indel1922, -2543, -6746, -7447 and -8538 have the potential to differentiate upland rice from lowland rice. Furthermore, Indel1922, -6746 and -8538 might be effective markers for drought and salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhuman Whankaew
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
| | - Siriluk Kaewmanee
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
| | - Kedsirin Ruttajorn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phatthalung, 93210 Thailand
| | - Amornrat Phongdara
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
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Sequential expression of key genes in proline, glycine betaine and artemisinin biosynthesis of Artemisia aucheri Boiss using salicylic acid under in vitro osmotic stress. Biologia (Bratisl) 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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LAPUZ RR, JAVIER S, AQUINO JDC, UNDAN JR. Gene Expression and Sequence Analysis of BADH1 Gene in CLSU Aromatic Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Accessions Subjected to Drought and Saline Condition. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2019; 65:S196-S199. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.65.s196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Resean R. LAPUZ
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Luzon State University
| | | | | | - Jerwin R. UNDAN
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Luzon State University
- Biotechnology and Analytical Laboratory, Central Luzon State University
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16
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Mo Z, Li Y, Nie J, He L, Pan S, Duan M, Tian H, Xiao L, Zhong K, Tang X. Nitrogen application and different water regimes at booting stage improved yield and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) formation in fragrant rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:74. [PMID: 31583492 PMCID: PMC6776583 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water (W) and nitrogen (N) management generally cause regulations in the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) accumulation in fragrant rice; nevertheless, the feasibility of such management strategies at booting stage in improving 2AP accumulation has not been examined in details. METHODS Field experiments were conducted in the early season (March-July) and repeated in the late season (July-November) in 2013. The treatments were applied urea (90 kg ha- 1), calcium super phosphate (90 kg ha- 1) and potassium chloride (195 kg ha- 1) as basal fertilizer, and urea (65 kg ha- 1) at tillering stage. Three N levels i.e., 0 kg N ha- 1 (N1), 30 kg N ha- 1 (N2), and 60 kg N ha- 1 (N3) and three water levels i.e., W1 treatment (well-watered treatment with water layer of 2-4 cm), W2 treatment (soil water potential was - 15 ± 5 kPa), and W3 treatment (soil water potential was - 25 ± 5 kPa) at booting stage was set up for three rice varieties i.e., Nongxiang 18, Yungengyou 14 and Basmati. The grain yield, head milled rice yield, 2AP contents and the biochemical parameters related to 2AP formation were investigated. RESULTS Result indicated that W and N dynamics regulated the grain yield, head milled rice yield, and 2AP contents in brown rice across three varieties. The N2 and N3 treatment significantly increased the 2AP contents in brown rice by 9.54% and 11.95%, and 8.88% and 32.54% in the early and the late season, respectively; improved grain yield and head milled rice yield. The W3 treatment improved grain yield, head milled rice yield and 2AP content. Significant W and N interaction effect on 2AP content in brown rice was detected, where the W3 N3 treatment showed the strongest interaction regarding improvement of 2AP contents in brown rice. The 2AP accumulation and its related biochemical parameters and their relationships in different plant tissues at different growth stages under W and N treatments had also been assessed. The 2AP content, P5C content and DAO activity during grain filling periods was highly related to the 2AP content in brown rice. CONCLUSION This study revealed that the 60 kg N ha- 1 coupled with - 25 ± 5 kPa treatment showed the best positive effects on yield and aroma in fragrant rice, suggested that water and nitrogen management at booting stage can improve grain yield and fragrance in fragrant rice. However, further study to evaluate the metabolic and molecular basis of 2AP accumulation in fragrant rice is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Mo
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Agro-innovative Demonstration Base Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Jun Nie
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Agro-innovative Demonstration Base Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Longxin He
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Shenggang Pan
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Meiyang Duan
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Lizhong Xiao
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Keyou Zhong
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture.P. R. China, Guangzhou, 510642 China
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17
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K M, V C. Phytoconstituents in the Management of Pesticide Induced Parkinson’s Disease- A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that environmental factors have a crucial role in triggering and/ or propagating the pathological changes in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although many studies have been and being performed by utilizing MPTP like chemicals to study the effectiveness of new extracts and compounds in PD, a little focus was made on the role of pesticides. Since agricultural fields account for 37.7% of land area worldwide and the use of pesticides is an important risk factor in neurodegeneration, there is a crucial need to focus on the association between pesticides and PD. Benomyl, a benzimidazole fungicide is being widely used in India in cultivation of tropical crops. Studies prove the chronic exposure of benomyl leads to aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition caused DOPAL toxicity, subsequently leading to dopamine degradation and Parkinson’s disease. Till date, there is no remedy for pesticide induced Parkinson’s disease. This review provides an insight of the pathophysiological aspects of pesticide induced Parkinson’s disease and also enlightens the importance of aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme in neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa K
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankulathur-603203
| | - Chitra V
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankulathur-603203
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18
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Sharma A, Shahzad B, Kumar V, Kohli SK, Sidhu GPS, Bali AS, Handa N, Kapoor D, Bhardwaj R, Zheng B. Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E285. [PMID: 31319576 PMCID: PMC6680914 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants face a variety of abiotic stresses, which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately obstruct normal growth and development of plants. To prevent cellular damage caused by oxidative stress, plants accumulate certain compatible solutes known as osmolytes to safeguard the cellular machinery. The most common osmolytes that play crucial role in osmoregulation are proline, glycine-betaine, polyamines, and sugars. These compounds stabilize the osmotic differences between surroundings of cell and the cytosol. Besides, they also protect the plant cells from oxidative stress by inhibiting the production of harmful ROS like hydroxyl ions, superoxide ions, hydrogen peroxide, and other free radicals. The accumulation of osmolytes is further modulated by phytohormones like abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, jasmonates, and salicylic acid. It is thus important to understand the mechanisms regulating the phytohormone-mediated accumulation of osmolytes in plants during abiotic stresses. In this review, we have discussed the underlying mechanisms of phytohormone-regulated osmolyte accumulation along with their various functions in plants under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Babar Shahzad
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu
- Department of Environment Education, Government College of Commerce and Business Administration, Chandigarh 160047, India
| | | | - Neha Handa
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Dhriti Kapoor
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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19
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Annunziata MG, Ciarmiello LF, Woodrow P, Dell’Aversana E, Carillo P. Spatial and Temporal Profile of Glycine Betaine Accumulation in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:230. [PMID: 30899269 PMCID: PMC6416205 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Several halophytes and a few crop plants, including Poaceae, synthesize and accumulate glycine betaine (GB) in response to environmental constraints. GB plays an important role in osmoregulation, in fact, it is one of the main nitrogen-containing compatible osmolytes found in Poaceae. It can interplay with molecules and structures, preserving the activity of macromolecules, maintaining the integrity of membranes against stresses and scavenging ROS. Exogenous GB applications have been proven to induce the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress responses, with a restriction of ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in cultured tobacco cells under drought and salinity, and even stabilizing photosynthetic structures under stress. In the plant kingdom, GB is synthesized from choline by a two-step oxidation reaction. The first oxidation is catalyzed by choline monooxygenase (CMO) and the second oxidation is catalyzed by NAD+-dependent betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase. Moreover, in plants, the cytosolic enzyme, named N-methyltransferase, catalyzes the conversion of phosphoethanolamine to phosphocholine. However, changes in CMO expression genes under abiotic stresses have been observed. GB accumulation is ontogenetically controlled since it happens in young tissues during prolonged stress, while its degradation is generally not significant in plants. This ability of plants to accumulate high levels of GB in young tissues under abiotic stress, is independent of nitrogen (N) availability and supports the view that plant N allocation is dictated primarily to supply and protect the growing tissues, even under N limitation. Indeed, the contribution of GB to osmotic adjustment and ionic and oxidative stress defense in young tissues, is much higher than that in older ones. In this review, the biosynthesis and accumulation of GB in plants, under several abiotic stresses, were analyzed focusing on all possible roles this metabolite can play, particularly in young tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Annunziata
- Department of Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Loredana Filomena Ciarmiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Woodrow
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Emilia Dell’Aversana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Petronia Carillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
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20
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Xu Z, Sun M, Jiang X, Sun H, Dang X, Cong H, Qiao F. Glycinebetaine Biosynthesis in Response to Osmotic Stress Depends on Jasmonate Signaling in Watermelon Suspension Cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1469. [PMID: 30369936 PMCID: PMC6194323 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycinebetaine is an important non-toxic osmoprotectant, which is accumulated in higher plants under various stresses. The biosynthesis of glycinebetaine achieved via is a two-step oxidation from choline and betaine aldehyde, catalyzed by choline monooxygenase (CMO) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), respectively. Up-regulated gene expression of BADH and CMO induced by stress is clearly observed, but the signal transduction is poorly understood. Here, glycinebetaine accumulation in response to osmotic stress and growth recovery induced by exogenous glycinebetaine were observed in a watermelon cell line. When tracing back to the genome sequence of watermelon, it shows that there exists only one member of ClCMO or ClBADH corresponding to glycinebetaine biosynthesis. Both genes harbor a CGTCA-motif in their promoter region which is involved in methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-responsiveness. Amongst MeJA, Ethephon, abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA), MeJA was most effective in gene inducing the expression of ClCMO and ClBADH, and the accumulation of glycinebetaine could also reach an amount comparable to that after osmotic stress by mannitol. Moreover, when ibuprofen (IBU), a JA biosynthesis inhibitor, was pre-perfused into the cells before osmotic stress, glycinebetaine accumulation was suppressed significantly. Interestingly, newly grown cells can keep a high content of glycinebetaine when they are sub-cultured from osmotic stressed cells. This study suggests that osmotic stress induced glycinebetaine biosynthesis occurs via JA signal transduction and not only plays a key role in osmotic stress resistance but also contributes to osmotic stress hardening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Xu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Mengli Sun
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xuefei Jiang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Huapeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Xuanmin Dang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Cong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Fei Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
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21
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Zhou ZH, Wang Y, Ye XY, Li ZG. Signaling Molecule Hydrogen Sulfide Improves Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize ( Zea mays L.) Under High Temperature by Inducing Antioxidant System and Osmolyte Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1288. [PMID: 30233625 PMCID: PMC6131983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a novel type signaling molecule in plants. Seed germination is a key stage of life cycle of plants, which is vulnerable to environmental stress including high temperature. However, under high temperature stress, whether pre-soaking of maize seeds with NaHS (a H2S donor) could improve seed germination and seedling growth and the possible mechanisms are not completely clear. In this study, maize seeds pre-soaked with NaHS enhanced germination percentage, sprout length, root length, and fresh weight compared with the control without NaHS treatment, illustrating that H2S could improve maize seed germination and seedling growth under high temperature. In addition, in comparison to the control, NaHS pre-soaking stimulated antioxidant enzymes [ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)] activities and the contents of water soluble non-enzymatic antioxidants [ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH)], as well as the ratio of reduced antioxidant to oxidized antioxidant. Moreover, pre-soaking with NaHS activated Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and ornithine aminotransferase [OAT; both are rate-limiting enzymes in proline (Pro) synthesis], betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [BADH; a key enzyme in glycine betaine (GB)], and trehalose (Tre)-6-phosphate phosphatase (a key step in Tre synthesis), which in turn accumulated Pro, GB, and Tre in germinating seeds compared with the control. Also, an improved germination by NaHS under high temperature was reinforced by the above osmotic adjustment substances (osmolytes) alone, while deteriorated by the inhibitors of osmolyte biosynthesis [gabaculine (GAB), disulfiram (DSF), and sodium citrate (SC)]. These results imply that H2S could improve maize seed germination and seedling growth under high temperature by inducing antioxidant system and osmolyte biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin-Yu Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhong-Guang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
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22
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Baicharoen A, Vijayan R, Pongprayoon P. Structural insights into betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) from Oryza sativa explored by modeling and simulations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12892. [PMID: 30150624 PMCID: PMC6110774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (BADH2) plays a key role in the accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a fragrant compound in rice (Oryza sativa). BADH2 catalyses the oxidation of aminoaldehydes to carboxylic acids. An inactive BADH2 is known to promote fragrance in rice. The 3D structure and atomic level protein-ligand interactions are currently unknown. Here, the 3D dimeric structure of BADH2 was modeled using homology modeling. Furthermore, two 0.5 µs simulations were performed to explore the nature of BADH2 dimer structurally and dynamically. Each monomer comprises of 3 domains (substrate-binding, NAD+-binding, and oligomerization domains). The NAD+-binding domain is the most mobile. A scissor-like motion was observed between the monomers. Inside the binding pocket, N162 and E260 are tethered by strong hydrogen bonds to residues in close proximity. In contrast, the catalytic C294 is very mobile and interacts occasionally with N162. The flexibility of the nucleophilic C294 could facilitate the attack of free carbonyl on an aldehyde substrate. Key inter-subunit salt bridges contributing to dimerization were also identified. E487, D491, E492, K498, and K502 were found to form strong salt bridges with charged residues on the adjacent monomer. Specifically, the nearly permanent R430-E487 hydrogen bond (>90%) highlights its key role in dimer association. Structural and dynamic insights of BADH2 obtained here could play a role in the improvement of rice fragrance, which could lead to an enhancement in rice quality and market price.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apisara Baicharoen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box, 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Prapasiri Pongprayoon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. .,Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. .,Computational Biomodelling Laboratory for Agricultural Science and Technology (CBLAST), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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Golestan Hashemi FS, Ismail MR, Rafii MY, Aslani F, Miah G, Muharam FM. Critical multifunctional role of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in plants. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1478748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Sadat Golestan Hashemi
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Leige, Belgium
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Razi Ismail
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Y. Rafii
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farzad Aslani
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gous Miah
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farah Melissa Muharam
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Liu Y, Song Y, Zeng S, Patra B, Yuan L, Wang Y. Isolation and characterization of a salt stress-responsive betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in Lycium ruthenicum Murr. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:73-87. [PMID: 29297198 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As compatible solute, glycine betaine (GB) plays a significant role in salinity tolerance in GB accumulating plants. Solanaceous crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) are salt sensitive and naturally GB non-accumulators. In Solanaceae, only the Lycium genus has been recorded as halophytes in China, and several Lycium species have been reported as GB accumulators. The last biosynthetic step of GB is catalyzed by aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase (AMADH) with betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) activities. Failure of GB synthesis in tomato and tobacco was attributed to lack of BADH activity. Here, by comparing the BADH functional residues of AMADHs between the Lycium genus and solanaceous crops, we predict that all studied AMADH1s have low BADH activities while only LbAMADH2 from L. barbarum has high BADH activity. For two AMADHs in L. ruthenicum, results from substrate enzyme assays confirmed low BADH activity of LrAMADH1 and no BADH activity of LrAMADH2. Despite the very low GB contents in L. ruthenicum seedlings (< 0.5 μmol g-1 fresh weight), GB contents in fruits are up to 150 μmol g-1 FW, inferring fruits of L. ruthenicum as good GB sources. In NaCl treated seedlings, accompanied by elevated GB accumulation, expression of LrAMADH1 was up-regulated, indicating response of LrAMADH1 to salt stress in L. ruthenicum. Virus-induced silence of LrAMADH1 leads to less GB accumulation than control, revealing that LrAMADH1 participates in GB synthesis in planta. Collectively, our results show that LrAMADH1 is the bona fide BADH, which responds to salt stress in L. ruthenicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- The Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Yanli Song
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shaohua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Barunava Patra
- The Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Ling Yuan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- The Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Environmental stress is the major cause of transcriptomic and proteomic changes in GM and non-GM plants. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10624. [PMID: 28878216 PMCID: PMC5587699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of genetically modified (GM) crops is preceded by years of intensive research to demonstrate safety to humans and environment. We recently showed that in vitro culture stress is the major factor influencing proteomic differences of GM vs. non-GM plants. This made us question the number of generations needed to erase such "memory". We also wondered about the relevance of alterations promoted by transgenesis as compared to environment-induced ones. Here we followed three rice lines (1-control, 1-transgenic and 1-negative segregant) throughout eight generations after transgenesis combining proteomics and transcriptomics, and further analyzed their response to salinity stress on the F6 generation. Our results show that: (a) differences promoted during genetic modification are mainly short-term physiological changes, attenuating throughout generations, and (b) environmental stress may cause far more proteomic/transcriptomic alterations than transgenesis. Based on our data, we question what is really relevant in risk assessment design for GM food crops.
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Ortmeyer J, Flörke U, Henkel G, Wilhelm R, Neuba A. A Sophisticated Approach towards a New Class of Copper(I)-Sulfur Cluster Complexes with Imidazolinium-Dithiocarboxylate Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Ortmeyer
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Department Chemie; Fachbereich Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Department Chemie; Fachbereich Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Gerald Henkel
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Department Chemie; Fachbereich Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - René Wilhelm
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Department Chemie; Fachbereich Organische Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Adam Neuba
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Department Chemie; Fachbereich Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
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27
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A betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa): structure, phylogeny, and expression pattern. Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang Y, Nan J, Yu B. OMICS Technologies and Applications in Sugar Beet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:900. [PMID: 27446130 PMCID: PMC4916227 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sugar beet is a species of the Chenopodiaceae family. It is an important sugar crop that supplies approximately 35% of the sugar in the world. Sugar beet M14 line is a unique germplasm that contains genetic materials from Beta vulgaris L. and Beta corolliflora Zoss. And exhibits tolerance to salt stress. In this review, we have summarized OMICS technologies and applications in sugar beet including M14 for identification of novel genes, proteins related to biotic and abiotic stresses, apomixes and metabolites related to energy and food. An OMICS overview for the discovery of novel genes, proteins and metabolites in sugar beet has helped us understand the complex mechanisms underlying many processes such as apomixes, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The knowledge gained is valuable for improving the tolerance of sugar beet and other crops to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as for enhancing the yield of sugar beet for energy and food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Jingdong Nan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Yu
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Proteomic Analysis of Isogenic Rice Reveals Proteins Correlated with Aroma Compound Biosynthesis at Different Developmental Stages. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 58:117-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Missihoun TD, Willée E, Guegan JP, Berardocco S, Shafiq MR, Bouchereau A, Bartels D. Overexpression of ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 Genes Provides Insight into Their Role in Glycine Betaine Synthesis and Affects Primary Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:1798-807. [PMID: 26169197 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases oxidize betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine in species that accumulate glycine betaine as a compatible solute under stress conditions. In contrast, the physiological function of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase genes is at present unclear in species that do not accumulate glycine betaine, such as Arabidopsis thaliana. To address this question, we overexpressed the Arabidopsis ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 genes, which were identified to code for betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases, in wild-type A. thaliana. We analysed changes in metabolite contents of transgenic plants in comparison with the wild type. Using exogenous or endogenous choline, our results indicated that ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 are involved in the synthesis of glycine betaine in Arabidopsis. Choline availability seems to be a factor limiting glycine betaine synthesis. Moreover, the contents of diverse metabolites including sugars (glucose and fructose) and amino acids were altered in fully developed transgenic plants compared with the wild type. The plant metabolic response to salt and the salt stress tolerance were impaired only in young transgenic plants, which exhibited a delayed growth of the seedlings early after germination. Our results suggest that a balanced expression of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase genes is important for early growth of A. thaliana seedlings and for salt stress mitigation in young seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagnon D Missihoun
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Department of Biology, 112 Science Place, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5E2
| | - Eva Willée
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Present address: Botanisches Institut der Universität zu Köln Zülpicher Str.47b, D-50674 Köln, Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Guegan
- ENSCR-UMR CNRS 6226, Institute des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Solenne Berardocco
- UMR 1349, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Muhammad R Shafiq
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- UMR 1349, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Kumari A, Das P, Parida AK, Agarwal PK. Proteomics, metabolomics, and ionomics perspectives of salinity tolerance in halophytes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:537. [PMID: 26284080 PMCID: PMC4518276 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Halophytes are plants which naturally survive in saline environment. They account for ∼1% of the total flora of the world. They include both dicots and monocots and are distributed mainly in arid, semi-arid inlands and saline wet lands along the tropical and sub-tropical coasts. Salinity tolerance in halophytes depends on a set of ecological and physiological characteristics that allow them to grow and flourish in high saline conditions. The ability of halophytes to tolerate high salt is determined by the effective coordination between various physiological processes, metabolic pathways and protein or gene networks responsible for delivering salinity tolerance. The salinity responsive proteins belong to diverse functional classes such as photosynthesis, redox homeostasis; stress/defense, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, protein metabolism, signal transduction and membrane transport. The important metabolites which are involved in salt tolerance of halophytes are proline and proline analog (4-hydroxy-N-methyl proline), glycine betaine, pinitol, myo-inositol, mannitol, sorbitol, O-methylmucoinositol, and polyamines. In halophytes, the synthesis of specific proteins and osmotically active metabolites control ion and water flux and support scavenging of oxygen radicals under salt stress condition. The present review summarizes the salt tolerance mechanisms of halophytes by elucidating the recent studies that have focused on proteomic, metabolomic, and ionomic aspects of various halophytes in response to salinity. By integrating the information from halophytes and its comparison with glycophytes could give an overview of salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes, thus laying down the pavement for development of salt tolerant crop plants through genetic modification and effective breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Kumari
- Division of Wasteland Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
| | - Paromita Das
- Division of Wasteland Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
| | - Asish Kumar Parida
- Division of Wasteland Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
| | - Pradeep K. Agarwal
- Division of Wasteland Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchBhavnagar, India
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Functional and expression analyses of two kinds of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases in a glycinebetaine-hyperaccumulating graminaceous halophyte, Leymus chinensis. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:202. [PMID: 25992309 PMCID: PMC4431990 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0997-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Glycinebetaine (GB) is an important compatible solute for salinity tolerance in many plants. In this study, we analyzed the enzymatic activity and the expression level of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), an important enzyme that catalyzes the last step in the GB synthesis in Leymus chinensis, a GB-hyperaccumulating graminaceous halophyte, and compared with those of barley, a graminaceous glycophyte. We have isolated cDNAs for two BADH genes, LcBADH1 and LcBADH2. LcBADH1 has a putative peroxisomal signal peptide (PTS1) at its C-terminus, while LcBADH2 does not have any typical signal peptide. Using immunofluorescent labeling, we showed that BADH proteins were localized to the cytosol and dot-shaped organelles in the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of L.chinensis leaves. The affinity of recombinant LcBADH2 for betaine aldehyde was comparable to other plant BADHs, whereas recombinant LcBADH1 showed extremely low affinity for betaine aldehyde, indicating that LcBADH2 plays a major role in GB synthesis in L. chinensis. In addition, the recombinant LcBADH2 protein was tolerant to NaCl whereas LcBADH1 wasn't. The kinetics, subcellular and tissue localization of BADH proteins were comparable between L. chinensis and barley. The activity and expression level of BADH proteins were higher in L. chinensis compared with barley under both normal and salinized conditions, which may be related to the significant difference in the amount of GB accumulation between two plants.
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Halavaty AS, Rich RL, Chen C, Joo JC, Minasov G, Dubrovska I, Winsor JR, Myszka DG, Duban M, Shuvalova L, Yakunin AF, Anderson WF. Structural and functional analysis of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from Staphylococcus aureus. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:1159-75. [PMID: 25945581 PMCID: PMC4427200 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715004228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
When exposed to high osmolarity, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) restores its growth and establishes a new steady state by accumulating the osmoprotectant metabolite betaine. Effective osmoregulation has also been implicated in the acquirement of a profound antibiotic resistance by MRSA. Betaine can be obtained from the bacterial habitat or produced intracellularly from choline via the toxic betaine aldehyde (BA) employing the choline dehydrogenase and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) enzymes. Here, it is shown that the putative betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase SACOL2628 from the early MRSA isolate COL (SaBADH) utilizes betaine aldehyde as the primary substrate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) as the cofactor. Surface plasmon resonance experiments revealed that the affinity of NAD(+), NADH and BA for SaBADH is affected by temperature, pH and buffer composition. Five crystal structures of the wild type and three structures of the Gly234Ser mutant of SaBADH in the apo and holo forms provide details of the molecular mechanisms of activity and substrate specificity/inhibition of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei S. Halavaty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Chao Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - George Minasov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ievgeniia Dubrovska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - James R. Winsor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Mark Duban
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ludmilla Shuvalova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alexander F. Yakunin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Wayne F. Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Slama I, Abdelly C, Bouchereau A, Flowers T, Savouré A. Diversity, distribution and roles of osmoprotective compounds accumulated in halophytes under abiotic stress. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 115:433-47. [PMID: 25564467 PMCID: PMC4332610 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Osmolytes are low-molecular-weight organic solutes, a broad group that encompasses a variety of compounds such as amino acids, tertiary sulphonium and quaternary ammonium compounds, sugars and polyhydric alcohols. Osmolytes are accumulated in the cytoplasm of halophytic species in order to balance the osmotic potential of the Na(+) and Cl(-) accumulated in the vacuole. The advantages of the accumulation of osmolytes are that they keep the main physiological functions of the cell active, the induction of their biosynthesis is controlled by environmental cues, and they can be synthesized at all developmental stages. In addition to their role in osmoregulation, osmolytes have crucial functions in protecting subcellular structures and in scavenging reactive oxygen species. SCOPE This review discusses the diversity of osmolytes among halophytes and their distribution within taxonomic groups, the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence their accumulation, and their role in osmoregulation and osmoprotection. Increasing the osmolyte content in plants is an interesting strategy to improve the growth and yield of crops upon exposure to salinity. Examples of transgenic plants as well as exogenous applications of some osmolytes are also discussed. Finally, the potential use of osmolytes in protein stabilization and solvation in biotechnology, including the pharmaceutical industry and medicine, are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Slama
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extremophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia, UMR 1349 IGEPP, INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université de Rennes 1, Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QG, UK and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Adaptation de Plantes aux Contraintes Environnementales, URF5, Case 156, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extremophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia, UMR 1349 IGEPP, INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université de Rennes 1, Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QG, UK and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Adaptation de Plantes aux Contraintes Environnementales, URF5, Case 156, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extremophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia, UMR 1349 IGEPP, INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université de Rennes 1, Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QG, UK and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Adaptation de Plantes aux Contraintes Environnementales, URF5, Case 156, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Tim Flowers
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extremophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia, UMR 1349 IGEPP, INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université de Rennes 1, Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QG, UK and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Adaptation de Plantes aux Contraintes Environnementales, URF5, Case 156, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Arnould Savouré
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extremophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia, UMR 1349 IGEPP, INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université de Rennes 1, Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QG, UK and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Adaptation de Plantes aux Contraintes Environnementales, URF5, Case 156, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
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Zhu C, Ming C, Zhao-shi X, Lian-cheng L, Xue-ping C, You-zhi M. Characteristics and expression patterns of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.). PLoS One 2014; 9:e101136. [PMID: 24988301 PMCID: PMC4079696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genomic sequencing of the foxtail millet, an abiotic, stress-tolerant crop, has provided a great opportunity for novel gene discovery and functional analysis of this popularly-grown grass. However, few stress-mediated gene families have been studied. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) comprise a gene superfamily encoding NAD (P) +-dependent enzymes that play the role of "aldehyde scavengers", which indirectly detoxify cellular ROS and reduce the effect of lipid peroxidation meditated cellular toxicity under various environmental stresses. In the current paper, we identified a total of 20 ALDH genes in the foxtail millet genome using a homology search and a phylogenetic analysis and grouped them into ten distinct families based on their amino acid sequence identity. Furthermore, evolutionary analysis of foxtail millet reveals that both tandem and segmental duplication contributed significantly to the expansion of its ALDH genes. The exon-intron structures of members of the same family in foxtail millet or the orthologous genes in rice display highly diverse distributions of their exonic and intronic regions. Also, synteny analysis shows that the majority of foxtail millet and rice ALDH gene homologs exist in the syntenic blocks between the two, implying that these ALDH genes arose before the divergence of cereals. Semi-quantitative and real-time quantitative PCR data reveals that a few SiALDH genes are expressed in an organ-specific manner and that the expression of a number of foxtail millet ALDH genes, such as, SiALDH7B1, SiALDH12A1 and SiALDH18B2 are up-regulated by osmotic stress, cold, H2O2, and phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). Furthermore, the transformation of SiALDH2B2, SiALDH10A2, SiALDH5F1, SiALDH22A1, and SiALDH3E2 into Escherichia coli (E.coli) was able to improve their salt tolerance. Taken together, our results show that genome-wide identification characteristics and expression analyses provide unique opportunities for assessing the functional roles of foxtail millet ALDH genes in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Ming
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhao-shi
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lian-cheng
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xue-ping
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ma You-zhi
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Bose J, Rodrigo-Moreno A, Shabala S. ROS homeostasis in halophytes in the context of salinity stress tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:1241-57. [PMID: 24368505 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Halophytes are defined as plants that are adapted to live in soils containing high concentrations of salt and benefiting from it, and thus represent an ideal model to understand complex physiological and genetic mechanisms of salinity stress tolerance. It is also known that oxidative stress signalling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification are both essential components of salinity stress tolerance mechanisms. This paper comprehensively reviews the differences in ROS homeostasis between halophytes and glycophytes in an attempt to answer the questions of whether stress-induced ROS production is similar between halophytes and glycophytes; is the superior salinity tolerance in halophytes attributed to higher antioxidant activity; and is there something special about the specific 'pool' of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in halophytes. We argue that truly salt-tolerant species possessing efficient mechanisms for Na(+) exclusion from the cytosol may not require a high level of antioxidant activity, as they simply do not allow excessive ROS production in the first instance. We also suggest that H2O2 'signatures' may operate in plant signalling networks, in addition to well-known cytosolic calcium 'signatures'. According to the suggested concept, the intrinsically higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in halophytes are required for rapid induction of the H2O2 'signature', and to trigger a cascade of adaptive responses (both genetic and physiological), while the role of other enzymatic antioxidants may be in decreasing the basal levels of H2O2, once the signalling has been processed. Finally, we emphasize the importance of non-enzymatic antioxidants as the only effective means to prevent detrimental effects of hydroxyl radicals on cellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Bose
- School of Agricultural Science and Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
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Torres AR, Rodrigues EP, Batista JS, Gomes DF, Hungria M. Proteomic Analysis of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Roots Inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum Strain CPAC 15. PROTEOMICS INSIGHTS 2013; 6:7-11. [PMID: 25288888 PMCID: PMC4147754 DOI: 10.4137/pri.s13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This research intended to analyze the expression pattern of proteins in roots of the Brazilian soybean cultivar Conquista when inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum CPAC 15, a strain broadly used in commercial inoculants in Brazil. At ten days after bacterial inoculation, whole-cell proteins were extracted from roots and separated by 2-D gel electrophoresis. Comparative analysis revealed significant changes in the intensity of 37 spots due to the inoculation (17 up-regulated and 20 down-regulated proteins), identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-TOF. Identified proteins were associated with COG functional categories of information storage and processing, cellular processes and signaling, metabolism, and also in the “poorly characterized” and “not in COG” categories. Among the up-regulated proteins, we identified sucrose synthase (nodulin-100), β-tubulin, rubisco activase, glutathione-S-transferase, a putative heat-shock 70-kDa protein, pyridine nucleotide-disulphideoxidoreductase and a putative transposase. Proteomic analysis allowed for the identification of some putative symbiotic functions and confirmed the main biological processes triggered in the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisete P Rodrigues
- Postdoctoral student, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brazil. ; Professor, Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Jesiane Ss Batista
- Postdoctoral student, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brazil. ; Professor, Departament of Structural Biology, Molecular and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Douglas F Gomes
- Postdoctoral student, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brazil. ; Ph.D. student, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Postdoctoral student, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brazil. ; Researcher, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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38
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Partial purification, characterization and cDNA cloning of aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase in germinated soybean (Glycine max L.). Eur Food Res Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-2043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ashoub A, Beckhaus T, Berberich T, Karas M, Brüggemann W. Comparative analysis of barley leaf proteome as affected by drought stress. PLANTA 2013; 237:771-81. [PMID: 23129216 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive response of Egyptian barley land races to drought stress was analyzed using difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE). Physiological measurements and proteome alterations of accession number 15141, drought tolerant, and accession number 15163, drought sensitive, were compared. Differentially expressed proteins were subjected to MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. Alterations in proteins related to the energy balance and chaperons were the most characteristic features to explain the differences between the drought-tolerant and the drought-sensitive accessions. Further alterations in the levels of proteins involved in metabolism, transcription and protein synthesis are also indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ashoub
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Brocker C, Vasiliou M, Carpenter S, Carpenter C, Zhang Y, Wang X, Kotchoni SO, Wood AJ, Kirch HH, Kopečný D, Nebert DW, Vasiliou V. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) superfamily in plants: gene nomenclature and comparative genomics. PLANTA 2013; 237:189-210. [PMID: 23007552 PMCID: PMC3536936 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of completely sequenced plant genomes. The comparison of fully sequenced genomes allows for identification of new gene family members, as well as comprehensive analysis of gene family evolution. The aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily comprises a group of enzymes involved in the NAD(+)- or NADP(+)-dependent conversion of various aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. ALDH enzymes are involved in processing many aldehydes that serve as biogenic intermediates in a wide range of metabolic pathways. In addition, many of these enzymes function as 'aldehyde scavengers' by removing reactive aldehydes generated during the oxidative degradation of lipid membranes, also known as lipid peroxidation. Plants and animals share many ALDH families, and many genes are highly conserved between these two evolutionarily distinct groups. Conversely, both plants and animals also contain unique ALDH genes and families. Herein we carried out genome-wide identification of ALDH genes in a number of plant species-including Arabidopsis thaliana (thale crest), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (unicellular algae), Oryza sativa (rice), Physcomitrella patens (moss), Vitis vinifera (grapevine) and Zea mays (maize). These data were then combined with previous analysis of Populus trichocarpa (poplar tree), Selaginella moellindorffii (gemmiferous spikemoss), Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) and Volvox carteri (colonial algae) for a comprehensive evolutionary comparison of the plant ALDH superfamily. As a result, newly identified genes can be more easily analyzed and gene names can be assigned according to current nomenclature guidelines; our goal is to clarify previously confusing and conflicting names and classifications that might confound results and prevent accurate comparisons between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Brocker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Melpomene Vasiliou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, College of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm, Innovation in Northwest China, College of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Simeon O. Kotchoni
- Department of Biology, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08102, USA
| | - Andrew J. Wood
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Hans-Hubert Kirch
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, (IMBIO), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - David Kopečný
- Faculty of Science, Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palackyý University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel W. Nebert
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Molecular Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Jiamsomboon K, Treesuwan W, Boonyalai N. Dissecting substrate specificity of two rice BADH isoforms: Enzyme kinetics, docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies. Biochimie 2012; 94:1773-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Díaz-Sánchez ÁG, González-Segura L, Mújica-Jiménez C, Rudiño-Piñera E, Montiel C, Martínez-Castilla LP, Muñoz-Clares RA. Amino acid residues critical for the specificity for betaine aldehyde of the plant ALDH10 isoenzyme involved in the synthesis of glycine betaine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 158:1570-82. [PMID: 22345508 PMCID: PMC3343730 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.194514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant Aldehyde Dehydrogenase10 (ALDH10) enzymes catalyze the oxidation of ω-primary or ω-quaternary aminoaldehydes, but, intriguingly, only some of them, such as the spinach (Spinacia oleracea) betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (SoBADH), efficiently oxidize betaine aldehyde (BAL) forming the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (GB), which confers tolerance to osmotic stress. The crystal structure of SoBADH reported here shows tyrosine (Tyr)-160, tryptophan (Trp)-167, Trp-285, and Trp-456 in an arrangement suitable for cation-π interactions with the trimethylammonium group of BAL. Mutation of these residues to alanine (Ala) resulted in significant K(m)(BAL) increases and V(max)/K(m)(BAL) decreases, particularly in the Y160A mutant. Tyr-160 and Trp-456, strictly conserved in plant ALDH10s, form a pocket where the bulky trimethylammonium group binds. This space is reduced in ALDH10s with low BADH activity, because an isoleucine (Ile) pushes the Trp against the Tyr. Those with high BADH activity instead have Ala (Ala-441 in SoBADH) or cysteine, which allow enough room for binding of BAL. Accordingly, the mutation A441I decreased the V(max)/K(m)(BAL) of SoBADH approximately 200 times, while the mutation A441C had no effect. The kinetics with other ω-aminoaldehydes were not affected in the A441I or A441C mutant, demonstrating that the existence of an Ile in the second sphere of interaction of the aldehyde is critical for discriminating against BAL in some plant ALDH10s. A survey of the known sequences indicates that plants have two ALDH10 isoenzymes: those known to be GB accumulators have a high-BAL-affinity isoenzyme with Ala or cysteine in this critical position, while non GB accumulators have low-BAL-affinity isoenzymes containing Ile. Therefore, BADH activity appears to restrict GB synthesis in non-GB-accumulator plants.
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Wongpanya R, Boonyalai N, Thammachuchourat N, Horata N, Arikit S, Myint KM, Vanavichit A, Choowongkomon K. Biochemical and enzymatic study of rice BADH wild-type and mutants: an insight into fragrance in rice. Protein J 2012; 30:529-38. [PMID: 21959793 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-011-9358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (BADH2) is believed to be involved in the accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), one of the major aromatic compounds in fragrant rice. The enzyme can oxidize ω-aminoaldehydes to the corresponding ω-amino acids. This study was carried out to investigate the function of wild-type BADHs and four BADH2 mutants: BADH2_Y420, containing a Y420 insertion similar to BADH2.8 in Myanmar fragrance rice, BADH2_C294A, BADH2_E260A and BADH2_N162A, consisting of a single catalytic-residue mutation. Our results showed that the BADH2_Y420 mutant exhibited less catalytic efficiency towards γ-aminobutyraldehyde but greater efficiency towards betaine aldehyde than wild-type. We hypothesized that this point mutation may account for the accumulation of γ-aminobutyraldehyde/Δ(1)-pyrroline prior to conversion to 2AP, generating fragrance in Myanmar rice. In addition, the three catalytic-residue mutants confirmed that residues C294, E260 and N162 were involved in the catalytic activity of BADH2 similar to those of other BADHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratree Wongpanya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Patterns of diversity distribution in the Isa defense locus in wild-barley populations suggest adaptive selection at this locus. The extent to which environmental selection may act at additional nuclear-encoded defense loci and within the whole chloroplast genome has now been examined by analyses in two grass species. Analysis of genetic diversity in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) defense genes revealed much greater variation in biotic stress-related genes than abiotic stress-related genes. Genetic diversity at the Isa defense locus in wild populations of weeping ricegrass [Microlaena stipoides (Labill.) R. Br.], a very distant wild-rice relative, was more diverse in samples from relatively hotter and drier environments, a phenomenon that reflects observations in wild barley populations. Whole-chloroplast genome sequences of bulked weeping ricegrass individuals sourced from contrasting environments showed higher levels of diversity in the drier environment in both coding and noncoding portions of the genome. Increased genetic diversity may be important in allowing plant populations to adapt to greater environmental variation in warmer and drier climatic conditions.
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Abstract
The accumulation of osmolytes like glycinebetaine (GB) in cell is known to protect organisms against abiotic stresses via osmoregulation or osmoprotection. Transgenic plants engineered to produce GB accumulate very low concentration of GB, which might not be sufficient for osmoregulation. Therefore, other roles of GB like cellular macromolecule protection and ROS detoxification have been suggested as mechanisms responsible for abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic plants. In addition, GB influences expression of several endogenous genes in transgenic plants. The new insights gained about the mechanism of stress tolerance in GB accumulating transgenic plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.
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Stiti N, Missihoun TD, Kotchoni SO, Kirch HH, Bartels D. Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Arabidopsis thaliana: Biochemical Requirements, Metabolic Pathways, and Functional Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2011; 2:65. [PMID: 22639603 PMCID: PMC3355590 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2011.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a family of enzymes which catalyze the oxidation of reactive aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Here we summarize molecular genetic and biochemical analyses of selected ArabidopsisALDH genes. Aldehyde molecules are very reactive and are involved in many metabolic processes but when they accumulate in excess they become toxic. Thus activity of aldehyde dehydrogenases is important in regulating the homeostasis of aldehydes. Overexpression of some ALDH genes demonstrated an improved abiotic stress tolerance. Despite the fact that several reports are available describing a role for specific ALDHs, their precise physiological roles are often still unclear. Therefore a number of genetic and biochemical tools have been generated to address the function with an emphasis on stress-related ALDHs. ALDHs exert their functions in different cellular compartments and often in a developmental and tissue specific manner. To investigate substrate specificity, catalytic efficiencies have been determined using a range of substrates varying in carbon chain length and degree of carbon oxidation. Mutational approaches identified amino acid residues critical for coenzyme usage and enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Stiti
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Tagnon D. Missihoun
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Simeon O. Kotchoni
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Hans-Hubert Kirch
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of BonnBonn, Germany
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Missihoun TD, Schmitz J, Klug R, Kirch HH, Bartels D. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase genes from Arabidopsis with different sub-cellular localization affect stress responses. PLANTA 2011; 233:369-82. [PMID: 21053011 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-010-1297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana belongs to those plants that do not naturally accumulate glycine betaine (GB), although its genome contains two genes, ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 that code for betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADHs). BADHs were initially known to catalyze the last step of the biosynthesis of GB in plants. But they can also oxidize metabolism-derived aminoaldehydes to their corresponding amino acids in some cases. This study was carried out to investigate the functional properties of Arabidopsis BADH genes. Here, we have shown that ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 proteins are targeted to leucoplasts and peroxisomes, respectively. The expression patterns of ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 genes have been analysed under abiotic stress conditions. Both genes are expressed in the plant and weakly induced by ABA, salt, chilling (4°C), methyl viologen and dehydration. The role of the ALDH10A8 gene was analysed using T-DNA insertion mutants. There was no phenotypic difference between wild-type and mutant plants in the absence of stress. But ALDH10A8 seedlings and 4-week-old plants were more sensitive to dehydration and salt stress than wild-type plants. The recombinant ALDH10A9 enzyme was shown to oxidize betaine aldehyde, 4-aminobutyraldehyde and 3-aminopropionaldehyde to their corresponding carboxylic acids. We hypothesize that ALDH10A8 or ALDH10A9 may serve as detoxification enzymes controlling the level of aminoaldehydes, which are produced in cellular metabolism under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagnon D Missihoun
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Muñoz-Clares RA, Díaz-Sánchez AG, González-Segura L, Montiel C. Kinetic and structural features of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases: mechanistic and regulatory implications. Arch Biochem Biophys 2009; 493:71-81. [PMID: 19766587 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2009] [Revised: 09/05/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADH; EC 1.2.1.8) are so-called because they catalyze the irreversible NAD(P)(+)-dependent oxidation of betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine, which may function as (i) a very efficient osmoprotectant accumulated by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms to cope with osmotic stress, (ii) a metabolic intermediate in the catabolism of choline in some bacteria such as the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or (iii) a methyl donor for methionine synthesis. BADH enzymes can also use as substrates aminoaldehydes and other quaternary ammonium and tertiary sulfonium compounds, thereby participating in polyamine catabolism and in the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyrate, carnitine, and 3-dimethylsulfoniopropionate. This review deals with what is known about the kinetics and structural properties of these enzymes, stressing those properties that have only been found in them and not in other aldehyde dehydrogenases, and discussing their mechanistic and regulatory implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario A Muñoz-Clares
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, México.
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