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Liu Z, Qin X, Nong K, Fang X, Zhang B, Chen W, Wang Z, Wu Y, Shi H, Wang X, Zhang H. Oral administration of LfcinB alleviates DSS-induced colitis by improving the intestinal barrier and microbiota. Food Funct 2024; 15:2038-2051. [PMID: 38293816 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05236b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that often recurs and is difficult to cure, and no drugs with few side effects are available to treat this disease. LfcinB is a small molecular peptide obtained by the hydrolysis of bovine lactoferrin in the digestive tract of animals. It has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. However, direct evidence that LfcinB improves the condition of colitis in mice is rarely reported. In this study, UC was induced in mice by adding 2.5% dextran sulfate (DSS) to drinking water and LfcinB was orally administered. The results showed that oral administration of LfcinB improved colonic tissue damage and inflammatory cell infiltration, increased the expression of tight junction proteins, and down-regulated the phosphorylation of proteins related to the NF-κB/MAPK inflammatory signalling pathway in mice. It also significantly suppressed the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Bacteroides, Barnesiella and Escherichia) in the intestinal flora. In conclusion, oral administration of LfcinB significantly alleviated DSS-induced UC. This may be related to the regulation of inflammatory signalling pathways and gut microbial composition by LfcinB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhineng Liu
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Xinyun Qin
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Keyi Nong
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Xin Fang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Wanyan Chen
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Yijia Wu
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Huiyu Shi
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
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Kuraji R, Ye C, Zhao C, Gao L, Martinez A, Miyashita Y, Radaic A, Kamarajan P, Le C, Zhan L, Range H, Sunohara M, Numabe Y, Kapila YL. Nisin lantibiotic prevents NAFLD liver steatosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress following periodontal disease by abrogating oral, gut and liver dysbiosis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:3. [PMID: 38233485 PMCID: PMC10794237 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiome dysbiosis mediates chronic periodontal disease, gut microbial dysbiosis, and mucosal barrier disfunction that leads to steatohepatitis via the enterohepatic circulation. Improving this dysbiosis towards health may improve liver disease. Treatment with antibiotics and probiotics have been used to modulate the microbial, immunological, and clinical landscape of periodontal disease with some success. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the potential for nisin, an antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactococcus lactis, to counteract the periodontitis-associated gut dysbiosis and to modulate the glycolipid-metabolism and inflammation in the liver. Periodontal pathogens, namely Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum, were administrated topically onto the oral cavity to establish polymicrobial periodontal disease in mice. In the context of disease, nisin treatment significantly shifted the microbiome towards a new composition, commensurate with health while preventing the harmful inflammation in the small intestine concomitant with decreased villi structural integrity, and heightened hepatic exposure to bacteria and lipid and malondialdehyde accumulation in the liver. Validation with RNA Seq analyses, confirmed the significant infection-related alteration of several genes involved in mitochondrial dysregulation, oxidative phosphorylation, and metal/iron binding and their restitution following nisin treatment. In support of these in vivo findings indicating that periodontopathogens induce gastrointestinal and liver distant organ lesions, human autopsy specimens demonstrated a correlation between tooth loss and severity of liver disease. Nisin's ability to shift the gut and liver microbiome towards a new state commensurate with health while mitigating enteritis, represents a novel approach to treating NAFLD-steatohepatitis-associated periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kuraji
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Changchang Ye
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanjiang Zhao
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Gao
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - April Martinez
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yukihiro Miyashita
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Allan Radaic
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Le
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ling Zhan
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helene Range
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Rennes, UFR of Odontology; Service d'Odontologie, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
- INSERM CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer); CIC 1414, Rennes, France
| | - Masataka Sunohara
- Department of Anatomy, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hu Z, Chen S, Shi T, Dong Z, Cheng M, Li N, Zhao H, Zhu H, Han C, Xu L. Masson pine pollen aqueous extract ameliorates cadmium-induced kidney damage in rats. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1249744. [PMID: 38143799 PMCID: PMC10748820 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1249744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous environmental pollutant present in soil, water, and food. Accumulation of Cd in organisms can cause systematic injury and damage to the kidney. The Masson pine pollen aqueous extract (MPPAE) has attracted increasing attention due to its antioxidant activity and ability to enhance immunity. Methods: In this study, we investigated the potential of MPPAE to protect against Cd-induced kidney damage in rats and the underlying mechanism. The transcriptome and metabolome of rats with Cd-induced kidney damage, following treatment with MPPAE, were explored. Results: The concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were both significantly altered after treatment with MPPAE. Furthermore, sequencing and analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of rats with Cd-induced kidney damage, following treatment with MPPAE, revealed differential expression of numerous genes and metabolites compared with the untreated control rats. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) included detoxification-related genes such as cytochrome P450 and the transporter. The differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) included 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, L-ascorbate, and ciliatine. Conjoint transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that several DEGs were correlated with DEMs. Conclusion: These preliminary findings indicate the potential of MPPAE for the treatment of toxic metal poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Sixin Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Tala Shi
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhaoju Dong
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunlei Han
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lanlan Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Zhang T, Zhang J, Duan L. The Role of Genetically Engineered Probiotics for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071566. [PMID: 37049407 PMCID: PMC10097376 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many preclinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of genetically modified probiotics (gm probiotics) in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). OBJECTIVE This systematic review was performed to investigate the role of gm probiotics in treating IBD and to clarify the involved mechanisms. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Medline were searched from their inception to 18 September 2022 to identify preclinical and clinical studies exploring the efficacy of gm probiotics in IBD animal models or IBD patients. Two independent researchers extracted data from the included studies, and the data were pooled by the type of study; that is, preclinical or clinical. RESULTS Forty-five preclinical studies were included. In these studies, sodium dextran sulfate and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were used to induce colitis. Eleven probiotic species have been genetically modified to produce therapeutic substances, including IL-10, antimicrobial peptides, antioxidant enzymes, and short-chain fatty acids, with potential therapeutic properties against colitis. The results showed generally positive effects of gm probiotics in reducing disease activity and ameliorating intestinal damage in IBD models; however, the efficacy of gm probiotics compared to that of wild-type probiotics in many studies was unclear. The main mechanisms identified include modulation of the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota, production of regulatory metabolites by beneficial bacteria, reduction of the pro- to anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio in colonic tissue and plasma, modulation of oxidative stress activity in the colon, and improvement of intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, only one clinical trial with 10 patients with Crohn's disease was included, which showed that L. lactis producing IL-10 was safe, and a decrease in disease activity was observed in these patients. CONCLUSIONS Gm probiotics have a certain efficacy in colitis models through several mechanisms. However, given the scarcity of clinical trials, it is important for researchers to pay more attention to gm probiotics that are more effective and safer than wild-type probiotics to facilitate further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jindong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Immunomodulatory effects of chicken cathelicidin-2 on a primary hepatic cell co-culture model. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275847. [PMID: 36215285 PMCID: PMC9550040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidin-2 is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) produced as part of the innate immune system of chickens and might be a new candidate to combat infection and inflammation within the gut-liver axis. Studying the hepatic immune response is of high importance as the liver is primarily exposed to gut-derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of chicken cathelicidin-2 alone or combined with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on cell viability, immune response and redox homeostasis in a primary hepatocyte-non-parenchymal cell co-culture of chicken origin. Both concentrations of cathelicidin-2 decreased the cellular metabolic activity and increased the extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity reflecting reduced membrane integrity. Neither LTA nor PMA affected these parameters, and when combined with LTA, cathelicidin-2 could not influence the LDH activity. Cathelicidin-2 had an increasing effect on the concentration of the proinflammatory CXCLi2 and interferon- (IFN-)γ, and on that of the anti-inflammatory IL-10. Meanwhile, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), playing a complex role in inflammation, was diminished by the AMP. LTA elevated IFN-γ and decreased M-CSF levels, while PMA only increased the concentration of M-CSF. Both concentrations of cathelicidin-2 increased the H2O2 release of the cells, but the concentration of malondialdehyde as a lipid peroxidation marker was not affected. Our findings give evidence that cathelicidin-2 can also possess anti-inflammatory effects, reflected by the alleviation of the LTA-triggered IFN-γ elevation, and by reducing the M-CSF production induced by PMA. Based on the present results, cathelicidin-2 plays a substantial role in modulating the hepatic immune response with a multifaceted mode of action. It was found to have dose-dependent effects on metabolic activity, membrane integrity, and reactive oxygen species production, indicating that using it in excessively high concentrations can contribute to cell damage. In conclusion, cathelicidin-2 seems to be a promising candidate for future immunomodulating drug development with an attempt to reduce the application of antibiotics.
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Noguès EB, Kropp C, Bétemps L, de Sousa C, Chain F, Auger S, Azevedo V, Langella P, Chatel JM. Lactococcus lactis engineered to deliver hCAP18 cDNA alleviates DNBS-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice by promoting IL17A and IL10 cytokine expression. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15641. [PMID: 36123355 PMCID: PMC9485145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With its antimicrobial and immunomodulating properties, the cathelicidin (LL37) plays an important role in innate immune system. Here, we attempted to alleviate chemically induced colitis using a lactococci strain that either directly expressed the precursor to LL37, hCAP18 (LL-pSEC:hCAP18), or delivered hCAP18 cDNA to host cells under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter (LL-Probi-H1:hCAP18). We also investigated whether the alleviation of symptoms could be explained through modification of the gut microbiota by hCAP18. Mice were administered daily doses of LL-pSEC:hCAP18 or LL-Probi-H1:hCAP18. On day 7, colitis was induced by DNBS. During autopsy, we assessed macroscopic tissue damage in the colon and collected tissue samples for the characterization of inflammation markers and histological analysis. Feces were collected at day 7 for 16S DNA sequencing. We also performed a fecal transplant experiment in which mice underwent colon washing and received feces from Lactococcus lactis-treated mice before DNBS-colitis induction. Treatment with LL-Probi-H1:hCAP18 reduced the severity of colitis symptoms. The protective effects were accompanied by increased levels of IL17A and IL10 in mesenteric lymph node cells. L. lactis administration altered the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Muribaculaceae. However, fecal transplant from L. lactis-treated mice did not improve DNBS-induced symptoms in recipient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Borras Noguès
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Camille Kropp
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Laureline Bétemps
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Cassiana de Sousa
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France ,grid.8430.f0000 0001 2181 4888Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo-Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Florian Chain
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Auger
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- grid.8430.f0000 0001 2181 4888Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo-Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Philippe Langella
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- grid.462293.80000 0004 0522 0627Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
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Xie W, Song L, Wang X, Xu Y, Liu Z, Zhao D, Wang S, Fan X, Wang Z, Gao C, Wang X, Wang L, Qiao X, Zhou H, Cui W, Jiang Y, Li Y, Tang L. A bovine lactoferricin-lactoferrampin-encoding Lactobacillus reuteri CO21 regulates the intestinal mucosal immunity and enhances the protection of piglets against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 challenge. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1956281. [PMID: 34369287 PMCID: PMC8354667 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1956281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of diarrhea in human and animal. To determine the mechanism of a bovine lactoferricin-lactoferrampin (LFCA)-encoding Lactobacillus reuteri CO21 (LR-LFCA) to enhance the intestinal mucosal immunity, we used a newborn piglet intestine model to study the intestinal response to ETEC. Pigs were chosen due to the anatomical similarity between the porcine and the human intestine.4-day-old piglets were orally administered with LR-LFCA, LR-con (L. reuteri CO21 transformed with pPG612 plasmid) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for three consecutive days, within 21 days after these treatments, we found that LR-LFCA can colonize the intestines of piglets, improve the growth performance, enhance immune response and is beneficial for intestinal health of piglets by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating the composition of gut microbiota. Twenty-one days after, piglets were infected with ETEC K88 for 5 days, we found that oral administration of LR-LFCA to neonatal piglets attenuated ETEC-induced the weight loss of piglets and diarrhea incidence. LR-LFCA decreased the production of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in intestinal mucosa of ETEC-infected piglets. Additionally, LR-LFCA increased the expression of tight junction proteins in the ileum of ETEC-infected piglets. Using LPS-induced porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) in vitro, we demonstrated that LR-LFCA-mediated increases in the tight junction proteins might depend on the MLCK pathway; LR-LFCA might increase the anti-inflammatory ability by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. We also found that LR-LFCA may enhance the antioxidant capacity of piglets by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. This study demonstrates that LR-LFCA is effective at maintaining intestinal epithelial integrity and host homeostasis as well as at repairing intestinal damage after ETEC infection and is thus a promising alternative therapeutic method for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichun Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Liying Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yigang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Zengsu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongfang Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shubo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaolong Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaorui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chong Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyuan Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Yijing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen, Harbin, China,CONTACT Lijie Tang College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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8
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Hartwig O, Shetab Boushehri MA, Shalaby KS, Loretz B, Lamprecht A, Lehr CM. Drug delivery to the inflamed intestinal mucosa - targeting technologies and human cell culture models for better therapies of IBD. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113828. [PMID: 34157320 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) seek to alleviate the undesirable symptoms of the disorder. Despite the higher specificity of newer generation therapeutics, e.g. monoclonal antibodies, adverse effects still arise from their interference with non-specific systemic immune cascades. To circumvent such undesirable effects, both conventional and newer therapeutic options can benefit from various targeting strategies. Of course, both the development and the assessment of the efficiency of such targeted delivery systems necessitate the use of suitable in vivo and in vitro models representing relevant pathophysiological manifestations of the disorder. Accordingly, the current review seeks to provide a comprehensive discussion of the available preclinical models with emphasis on human in vitro models of IBD, along with their potentials and limitations. This is followed by an elaboration on the advancements in the field of biology- and nanotechnology-based targeted drug delivery systems and the potential rooms for improvement to facilitate their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Hartwig
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Karim S Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Nam Y, Kim J, Baek J, Kim W. Improvement of Cutaneous Wound Healing via Topical Application of Heat-Killed Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 1447 on Diabetic Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082666. [PMID: 34444827 PMCID: PMC8401197 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing comprises a complex systemic network. Probiotics, naturally extracted substances, medicine, and chemical compounds have been used for wound healing, but the application of postbiotics as therapeutic agents has yet to be explored. Our study shows potential beneficial effects of heat-killed Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 1447 on type 1 diabetic mice. The postbiotic strain significantly decreased the skin wound size. The activity of myeloperoxidase secreted from neutrophils also decreased. The molecular mechanism of wound healing was adjusted by important mediators, growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines. These elements regulated the anti-inflammatory activity and accelerated wound healing. To determine the role of the postbiotic in wound repair, we showed a similar taxonomic pattern as compared to the diabetic mice using skin microbiome analysis. These findings demonstrated that heat-killed Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 1447 had beneficial effects on wound healing and can be utilized as postbiotic therapeutic agents.
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10
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Bureš J, Kohoutová D, Květina J, Radochová V, Pavlík M, Tichý A, Rejchrt S, Kopáčová M, Douda T, Vysloužil D, Pejchal J. The Effect of Lactobacillus casei on Experimental Porcine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulphate. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2021; 64:85-90. [PMID: 34331427 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2021.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN 114001 (LC) on DSS-induced experimental IBD. RESULTS Eighteen female pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica, weight 33-36 kg, age 4-5 months) were divided into 3 groups (6 animals per group): controls with no treatment, DSS, and DSS + LC. LC was administered to overnight fasting animals in a dietary bolus in the morning on days 1-7 (4.5 × 1010 live bacteria/day). DSS was applied simultaneously on days 3-7 (0.25 g/kg/day). On day 8, the pigs were sacrificed. Histopathological score and length of crypts/glands (stomach, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon), length and width of villi (jejunum, ileum), and mitotic and apoptotic indices (jejunum, ileum, transverse colon) were assessed. DSS increased the length of glands in the stomach, length of crypts and villi in the jejunum and ileum, and the histopathological score of gastrointestinal damage, length of crypts and mitotic activity in the transverse colon. Other changes did not achieve any statistical significance. Administration of LC reduced the length of villi in the jejunum and ileum to control levels and decreased the length of crypts in the jejunum. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with a probiotic strain of LC significantly accelerated regeneration of the small intestine in a DSS-induced experimental porcine model of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bureš
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Darina Kohoutová
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Květina
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Radochová
- Animal Laboratory, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pavlík
- Animal Laboratory, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Rejchrt
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Kopáčová
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Douda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - David Vysloužil
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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11
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Wang Y, Zheng C, Cheng N, Sun C. Effect of Huangqin Decoction on Improving the Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis by Inhibiting NF- κB p65 Signal Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural medicine, such as traditional Chinese medicine, plays a role in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) because of its action on multiple targets. Here we have improved the effectiveness of a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Huangqin decoction (HQD), on UC via the nuclear factor-κB
(NF-κB) p65 signaling pathway in a mouse model. NF-κB is a crucial regulator of inflammation, cancer, and autoimmunity. It may be related to the initiation and development of UC. Histopathological changes in colon show that Huangqin Decoction can improve colon tissue
environment In addition, the Western blots of the inflammatory cytokines related to the NF-κB p65 pathway suggest that HQD inhibits the development of UC by regulating the NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. These findings provide a basis for the clinical application of
HQD and suggest a new strategy for treating UC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wang
- Pharmaceutical College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, PR China
| | - Chenxi Zheng
- Pharmaceutical College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ningning Cheng
- Pharmaceutical College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, PR China
| | - Cong Sun
- Clinical Medicine College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, PR China
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12
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Chen J, Vitetta L. Modulation of Gut Microbiota for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2903. [PMID: 34209870 PMCID: PMC8268324 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is well known to exert multiple benefits on human health including protection from disease causing pathobiont microbes. It has been recognized that healthy intestinal microbiota is of great importance in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Gut dysbiosis caused by various reasons is associated with severe COVID-19. Therefore, the modulation of gut microbiota and supplementation of commensal bacterial metabolites could reduce the severity of COVID-19. Many approaches have been studied to improve gut microbiota in COVID-19 including probiotics, bacterial metabolites, and prebiotics, as well as nutraceuticals and trace elements. So far, 19 clinical trials for testing the efficacy of probiotics and synbiotics in COVID-19 prevention and treatment are ongoing. In this narrative review, we summarize the effects of various approaches on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiezhong Chen
- Medlab Clinical, Research Department, Sydney 2015, Australia;
| | - Luis Vitetta
- Medlab Clinical, Research Department, Sydney 2015, Australia;
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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13
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Yang F, Zou Q, Gao B. GutBalance: a server for the human gut microbiome-based disease prediction and biomarker discovery with compositionality addressed. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:6123951. [PMID: 33515036 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The compositionality of the microbiome data is well-known but often neglected. The compositional transformation pertains to the supervised learning of microbiome data and is a critical step that decides the performance and reliability of the disease classifiers. We value the excellent performance of the distal discriminative balance analysis (DBA) method, which selects distal balances of pairs and trios of bacteria, in addressing the classification of high-dimensional microbiome data. By applying this method to the species-level abundances of all the disease phenotypes in the GMrepo database, we build a balance-based model repository for the classification of human gut microbiome-related diseases. The model repository supports the prediction of disease risks for new sample(s). More importantly, we highlight the concept of balance-disease associations rather than the conventional microbe-disease associations and develop the human Gut Balance-Disease Association Database (GBDAD). Each predictable balance for each disease model indicates a potential biomarker-disease relationship and can be interpreted as a bacteria ratio positively or negatively correlated with the disease. Furthermore, by linking the balance-disease associations to the evidenced microbe-disease associations in MicroPhenoDB, we surprisingly found that most species-disease associations inferred from the shotgun metagenomic datasets can be validated by external evidence beyond MicroPhenoDB. The balance-based species-disease association inference will accelerate the generation of new microbe-disease association hypotheses in gastrointestinal microecology research and clinical trials. The model repository and the GBDAD database are deployed on the GutBalance server, which supports interactive visualization and systematic interrogation of the disease models, disease-related balances and disease-related species of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglong Yang
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Quan Zou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Computational Science and Application, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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14
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Hu J, Zhang L, Lin W, Tang W, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Review article: Probiotics, prebiotics and dietary approaches during COVID-19 pandemic. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020; 108:187-196. [PMID: 33519087 PMCID: PMC7833886 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients with COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 exhibit diverse clinical manifestations and severity including enteric involvement. Commensal gut bacteria can contribute to defense against potential pathogens by promoting beneficial immune interactions. Interventions targeting the gut microbiome may have systemic anti-viral effects in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Scope and approach To summarise alterations of gut microbiota in patients with COVID-19 including impact of specific bacteria on disease severity, discuss current knowledge on the role of probiotics, prebiotics and dietary approaches including vitamin D in preventing and reducing disease susceptibility and review clinical studies using probiotics to target coronavirus. A literature review on SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, gut microbiome and immunity was undertaken and relevant literature was summarised and critically examined. Key findings and conclusions Integrity of gut microbiome was perturbed in SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated with disease severity. Poor prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in subjects with underlying co-morbidities who had increased gut permeability and reduced gut microbiome diversity. Dietary microbes, including probiotics or selected prebiotics of Chinese origin, had anti-viral effects against other forms of coronavirus, and could positively impact host immune functions during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Numerous studies are investigating the role of probiotics in preventing and reducing susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers, household contacts and affected patients. An approach to strengthen intestinal barrier and lower pro-inflammatory states by adopting a more diversified diet during COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with immune dysfunction and gut microbiota alterations. Delineating mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics and diet with anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity present opportunities for discovery of microbial therapeutics to prevent and treat COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in immune dysfunction and gut microbiota alterations. Probiotics or prebiotics could improve host immune functions during the infection. Enhance gut barrier by diversified diet was recommended during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielun Hu
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Lin
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC) Limited, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Whitney Tang
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC) Limited, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC) Limited, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Gubatan J, Mehigan GA, Villegas F, Mitsuhashi S, Longhi MS, Malvar G, Csizmadia E, Robson S, Moss AC. Cathelicidin Mediates a Protective Role of Vitamin D in Ulcerative Colitis and Human Colonic Epithelial Cells. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:885-897. [PMID: 31955203 PMCID: PMC7216768 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D plays a protective role in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients through unclear mechanisms. Cathelicidin is an antimicrobial peptide induced by 1,25(OH)D2. Our goal was to evaluate the link between cathelicidin and vitamin D-associated clinical outcomes in UC patients, explore vitamin D induction of cathelicidin in human colon cells, and evaluate the effects of intrarectal human cathelicidin on a murine model of colitis. METHODS Serum and colonic cathelicidin levels were measured in UC patients and correlated with clinical and histologic outcomes. Human colon cells were treated with 1,25(OH)2D and production of cathelicidin and cytokines were quantified. Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli from cell culture supernatants was measured. Mice were treated with intrarectal cathelicidin, and its effects on DSS colitis and intestinal microbiota were evaluated. RESULTS In UC patients, serum 25(OH)D positively correlated with serum and colonic cathelicidin. Higher serum cathelicidin is associated with decreased risk of histologic inflammation and clinical relapse but not independent of 25(OH)D or baseline inflammation. The 1,25(OH)2D treatment of colon cells induced cathelicidin and IL-10, repressed TNF-α, and suppressed Escherichia coli growth. This antimicrobial effect was attenuated with siRNA-cathelicidin transfection. Intrarectal cathelicidin reduced the severity of DSS colitis but did not mitigate the impact of colitis on microbial composition. CONCLUSIONS Cathelicidin plays a protective role in 25(OH)D-associated UC histologic outcomes and murine colitis. Cathelicidin is induced by vitamin D in human colonic epithelial cells and promotes antimicrobial activity against E. coli. Our study provides insights into the vitamin D-cathelicidin pathway as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gubatan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gillian A Mehigan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernando Villegas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Mitsuhashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grace Malvar
- Division of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eva Csizmadia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Robson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan C Moss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Address correspondence to: Alan C. Moss, MD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. E-mail:
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16
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Yang B, Good D, Mosaiab T, Liu W, Ni G, Kaur J, Liu X, Jessop C, Yang L, Fadhil R, Yi Z, Wei MQ. Significance of LL-37 on Immunomodulation and Disease Outcome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8349712. [PMID: 32509872 PMCID: PMC7246396 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8349712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
LL-37, also called cathelicidin, is an important part of the human immune system, which can resist various pathogens. A plethora of experiments have demonstrated that it has the multifunctional effects of immune regulation, in addition to antimicrobial activity. Recently, there have been increasing interest in its immune function. It was found that LL-37 can have two distinct functions in different tissues and different microenvironments. Thus, it is necessary to investigate LL-37 immune functions from the two sides of the same coin. On the one side, LL-37 promotes inflammation and immune response and exerts its anti-infective and antitumor effects; on the other side, it has the ability to inhibit inflammation and promote carcinogenesis. This review presents a brief summary of its expression, structure, and immunomodulatory effects as well as brief discussions on the role of this small peptide as a key factor in the development and treatment of various inflammation-related diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - David Good
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Qld 4014, Australia
| | - Tamim Mosaiab
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Guoying Ni
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Qld 4558, Australia
| | - Jasmine Kaur
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Qld 4558, Australia
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Calvin Jessop
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Rushdi Fadhil
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Zhengjun Yi
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
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17
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Nguyen T, Brody H, Lin GH, Rangé H, Kuraji R, Ye C, Kamarajan P, Radaic A, Gao L, Kapila Y. Probiotics, including nisin-based probiotics, improve clinical and microbial outcomes relevant to oral and systemic diseases. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82:173-185. [PMID: 31850634 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of probiotic supplementation on systemic health and gastrointestinal diseases have been investigated in numerous studies. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of probiotics and their effects on periodontal health. Probiotics show beneficial effects as adjunctive therapeutics and as stand-alone agents in the treatment and prevention of gingivitis as well as specific clinical parameters of periodontitis. This review focuses on the clinical and microbiological aspects of probiotics in the context of health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. In addition, a special focus on nisin-producing probiotics and nisin itself showcase their significant potential for oral and systemic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen
- School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hanna Brody
- School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Guo-Hao Lin
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Periodontology, UFR of Odontology, APHP, Rothschild Hospital, University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Paris Descartes, Montrouge, France
| | - Ryutaro Kuraji
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Life Science Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Changchang Ye
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Allan Radaic
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, The University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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18
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Mookherjee N, Anderson MA, Haagsman HP, Davidson DJ. Antimicrobial host defence peptides: functions and clinical potential. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:311-332. [DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Cho SW, Yim J, Seo SW. Engineering Tools for the Development of Recombinant Lactic Acid Bacteria. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900344. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Cho
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Yim
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Seo
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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20
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de Bruyn M, Ringold R, Martens E, Ferrante M, Van Assche G, Opdenakker G, Dukler A, Vermeire S. The Ulcerative Colitis Response Index for Detection of Mucosal Healing in Patients Treated With Anti-tumour Necrosis Factor. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:176-184. [PMID: 31628842 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surrogate markers that accurately detect mucosal healing [MH] in patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] are urgently needed. Several stool neutrophil-related proteins are currently used as biomarkers for MH. However, the sensitivity and specificity are not sufficient to avoid unnecessary endoscopic evaluations. METHODS Novel serum neutrophil-related markers (neutrophil gelatinase B-associated lipocalin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 [NGAL-MMP-9 complex], cathelicidin LL-37 and chitinase 3-like 1 [CHI3L1]), together with C-reactive protein [CRP] and neutrophil counts were studied. Serum samples were obtained from 176 anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF]-treated UC patients (145 infliximab [IFX] and 31 adalimumab [ADM]) at baseline and after a median of 9.5 weeks. All patients had active disease prior to treatment (Mayo endoscopic subscore [MES] ≥ 2), and MH was defined as MES ≤ 1. Serum was also obtained from 75 healthy controls. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to generate the Ulcerative Colitis Response Index [UCRI]. The performance of individual markers and UCRI was tested with receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS All neutrophil-related markers were significantly higher in active UC patients compared to healthy controls. In the IFX cohort, CRP, NGAL-MMP-9, CHI3L1 and neutrophil count decreased significantly after treatment and all marker levels were significantly lower in healers compared to non-healers following IFX. In the ADM cohort, CRP, NGAL-MMP-9, CHI3L1 and neutrophil count decreased significantly only in healers. UCRI [including CRP, CHI3L1, neutrophil count and LL-37] accurately detected MH in both IFX-treated (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.83) and ADM-treated [AUC = 0.79] patients. CONCLUSIONS The new UCRI index accurately detects MH after treatment with IFX and ADM. This panel is useful for monitoring MH in UC patients under anti-TNF treatment. PODCAST This article has an associated podcast which can be accessed at https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/pages/podcast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali de Bruyn
- Translational Research Centre for GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Randy Ringold
- Kepler Diagnostics, Inc., Simi Valley, California, USA
| | - Erik Martens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Ferrante
- Translational Research Centre for GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert Van Assche
- Translational Research Centre for GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Séverine Vermeire
- Translational Research Centre for GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Engineering of lactic acid bacteria for delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:2053-2066. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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LL-37 treatment on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells modulates immune response and promotes regulatory T-cells generation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1584-1590. [PMID: 30372860 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
LL-37 is a host-defense peptide (HDP) and exerts a broad spectrum of microbicidal activity against bacteria, fungi, and viral pathogens. This peptide also interacts with human cells and influences their behavior, promoting angiogenesis, wound healing, immunomodulation, and affecting apoptosis. Lately, significant advances have been achieved regarding the elucidation of underlying mechanisms related to LL-37 effects over neutrophil and monocytes. However, how T-cells respond to LL-37 stimulation is still largely unknown. Here, we used flow cytometry to evaluate the effects of LL-37 over peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) viability, T-cell proliferation, T-cell activation, as well as the generation of regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Those aspects were assessed both in immune homeostatic and inflammatory milieu. Furthermore, we investigated the transcript levels of the inflammatory factors INF-γ, TNF-ɑ, and TGF-β in these conditions. Interestingly, our data revealed that the treatment of PBMCs with LL-37 enhanced the viability of these cells and exerted wide effects over T cell response. Upon activation, LL-37 treated T-cells presented lower proliferation and also increased generation of Tregs. Finally, while non-stimulated cells increased the expression of inflammatory factors when treated with LL-37, activated cells treated with LL-37 presented a decreased production of the same inflammatory mediators. These results are important for the immunotherapy field, and indicate that the use of LL-37 must be carefully evaluated in both homeostatic and inflammatory scenarios, since the microenvironment clearly plays a crucial role in determining how T-cells respond to LL-37.
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23
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Yoshimura T, McLean MH, Dzutsev AK, Yao X, Chen K, Huang J, Gong W, Zhou J, Xiang Y, H Badger J, O'hUigin C, Thovarai V, Tessarollo L, Durum SK, Trinchieri G, Bian XW, Wang JM. The Antimicrobial Peptide CRAMP Is Essential for Colon Homeostasis by Maintaining Microbiota Balance. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:2174-2185. [PMID: 29440355 PMCID: PMC5931736 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Commensal bacteria are critical for physiological functions in the gut, and dysbiosis in the gut may cause diseases. In this article, we report that mice deficient in cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) were defective in the development of colon mucosa and highly sensitive to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-elicited colitis, as well as azoxymethane-mediated carcinogenesis. Pretreatment of CRAMP-/- mice with antibiotics markedly reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis, suggesting CRAMP as a limiting factor on dysbiosis in the colon. This was supported by observations that wild-type (WT) mice cohoused with CRAMP-/- mice became highly sensitive to DSS-induced colitis, and the composition of fecal microbiota was skewed by CRAMP deficiency. In particular, several bacterial species that are typically found in oral microbiota, such as Mogibacterium neglectum, Desulfovibrio piger, and Desulfomicrobium orale, were increased in feces of CRAMP-/- mice and were transferred to WT mice during cohousing. When littermates of CRAMP+/- parents were examined, the composition of the fecal microbiota of WT pups and heterozygous parents was similar. In contrast, although the difference in fecal microbiota between CRAMP-/- and WT pups was small early on after weaning and single mouse housing, there was an increasing divergence with prolonged single housing. These results indicate that CRAMP is critical in maintaining colon microbiota balance and supports mucosal homeostasis, anti-inflammatory responses, and protection from carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teizo Yoshimura
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702;
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mairi H McLean
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Amiran K Dzutsev
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Jiamin Zhou
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Yi Xiang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Jonathan H Badger
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Colm O'hUigin
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Vishal Thovarai
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Scott K Durum
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702;
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24
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Li Y, Chu X, Liu C, Huang W, Yao Y, Xia Y, Sun P, Long Q, Feng X, Li K, Yang X, Bai H, Sun W, Ma Y. Exogenous murine antimicrobial peptide CRAMP significantly exacerbates Ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation but ameliorates oxazolone-induced intestinal colitis in BALB/c mice. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 14:146-158. [PMID: 29049008 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1386823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidin has been reported to be multifunctional. The current study aimed to investigate the influences of exogenous cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) on inflammatory responses in different disease models. In OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation, CRAMP significantly enhanced the infiltration of inflammatory cells and accumulation of proinflammatory Th2 cytokine IL-13 and IL-33 in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), exacerbated lung tissue inflammation and airway goblet cell hyperplasia, and elevated OVA-specific IgE level in serum. In oxazolone-induced intestinal colitis, the expression levels of CRAMP and its receptor FPR2 significantly increased in comparison with those of TNBS-induced mice, vesicle and normal controls. Exogenous CRAMP significantly prevented the development of ulcerative colitis, evidenced by improved body weight regain, decreased colons weight/length ratio, elevated epithelial integrity, and ameliorated colon tissue inflammation. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-13, as well as chemokines CXCL2 and CXCL5 for neutrophils recruitment were significantly decreased in CRAMP-treated mice, and epithelial repair-related factors MUC2 and Claudin1 were increased, determined by real time-PCR and ELISAs. The results indicated that although CRAMP has pro-inflammatory effects in airway, local application of exogenous CRAMP might be a potential approach for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Xiaojie Chu
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Ye Xia
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Pengyan Sun
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Qiong Long
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Xuejun Feng
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Kui Li
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Xu Yang
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- a Laboratory of Molecular Immunology , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , China.,b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China.,c Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases , Kunming , China
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25
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Evidence of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Probiotics and Synbiotics in Intestinal Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060555. [PMID: 28555037 PMCID: PMC5490534 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics and synbiotics are used to treat chronic diseases, principally due to their role in immune system modulation and the anti-inflammatory response. The present study reviewed the effects of probiotics and synbiotics on intestinal chronic diseases in in vitro, animal, and human studies, particularly in randomized clinical trials. The selected probiotics exhibit in vitro anti-inflammatory properties. Probiotic strains and cell-free supernatants reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines via action that is principally mediated by toll-like receptors. Probiotic administration improved the clinical symptoms, histological alterations, and mucus production in most of the evaluated animal studies, but some results suggest that caution should be taken when administering these agents in the relapse stages of IBD. In addition, no effects on chronic enteropathies were reported. Probiotic supplementation appears to be potentially well tolerated, effective, and safe in patients with IBD, in both CD and UC. Indeed, probiotics such as Bifidobacterium longum 536 improved the clinical symptoms in patients with mild to moderate active UC. Although it has been proposed that probiotics can provide benefits in certain conditions, the risks and benefits should be carefully assessed before initiating any therapy in patients with IBD. For this reason, further studies are required to understand the precise mechanism by which probiotics and synbiotics affect these diseases.
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26
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Carvalho RDDO, do Carmo FLR, de Oliveira Junior A, Langella P, Chatel JM, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Azevedo V, de Azevedo MS. Use of Wild Type or Recombinant Lactic Acid Bacteria as an Alternative Treatment for Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Diseases: A Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Mucositis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:800. [PMID: 28536562 PMCID: PMC5422521 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is highly colonized by bacterial communities, which live in a symbiotic relationship with the host in normal conditions. It has been shown that a dysfunctional interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the host immune system, known as dysbiosis, is a very important factor responsible for the development of different inflammatory conditions of the GIT, such as the idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), a complex and multifactorial disorder of the GIT. Dysbiosis has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of other GIT inflammatory diseases such as mucositis usually caused as an adverse effect of chemotherapy. As both diseases have become a great clinical problem, many research groups have been focusing on developing new strategies for the treatment of IBD and mucositis. In this review, we show that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been capable in preventing and treating both disorders in animal models, suggesting they may be ready for clinical trials. In addition, we present the most current studies on the use of wild type or genetically engineered LAB strains designed to express anti-inflammatory proteins as a promising strategy in the treatment of IBD and mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fillipe L R do Carmo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais - Instituto de Ciências BiológicasBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais - Instituto de Ciências BiológicasBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcela S de Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais - Instituto de Ciências BiológicasBelo Horizonte, Brazil
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27
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Wong CCM, Zhang L, Wu WKK, Shen J, Chan RLY, Lu L, Hu W, Li MX, Li LF, Ren SX, Li YF, Li J, Cho CH. Cathelicidin-encoding Lactococcus lactis promotes mucosal repair in murine experimental colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:609-619. [PMID: 27470075 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The preventive effect of intrarectal administration of mouse cathelicidin (mCRAMP) and oral administration of mCRAMP-encoding Lactococcus lactis (N4I) has been shown in murine experimental colitis. It is pivotal to understand the ability of N4I whether it can promote mucosal repair in existing colitis. METHODS Mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) were treated orally with L. lactis or its transformed strain with or without nisin induction. The body weight, clinical symptoms, and histological changes of colonic tissues were determined. Sulfasalazine was used as a reference drug. Young adult mouse colon cells were used to further elucidate the direct action and possible mechanisms of mCRAMP to promote colonic wound repair. RESULTS Results showed that N4I could improve the clinical symptoms, maintain crypt integrity and preserve mucus-secreting layer in colitis animals. The preparation also could prevent cell death and promote cell proliferation. In contrast, effective dose of sulfasalazine only alleviated clinical symptoms but not the mucosal damage and repair in the colon. In vitro study further showed that mCRAMP could directly promote wound repair by accelerating cell migration but not cell proliferation through the GPCR/MAPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS mCRAMP-encoding L. lactis could be a potential therapeutic preparation better than the traditional anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clover C M Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ruby L Y Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lan Lu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming X Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Long F Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shun X Ren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi F Li
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518052, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518052, China
| | - Chi H Cho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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28
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Carvalho RD, Breyner N, Menezes-Garcia Z, Rodrigues NM, Lemos L, Maioli TU, da Gloria Souza D, Carmona D, de Faria AMC, Langella P, Chatel JM, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Figueiredo HCP, Azevedo V, de Azevedo MS. Secretion of biologically active pancreatitis-associated protein I (PAP) by genetically modified dairy Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 in the prevention of intestinal mucositis. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:27. [PMID: 28193209 PMCID: PMC5307810 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucositis is one of the most relevant gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions in humans, generated by the use of chemotherapy drugs, such as 5-fluoracil (5-FU). 5-FU-induced mucositis affects 80% of patients undergoing oncological treatment causing mucosal gut dysfunctions and great discomfort. As current therapy drugs presents limitations in alleviating mucositis symptoms, alternative strategies are being pursued. Recent studies have shown that the antimicrobial pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) has a protective role in intestinal inflammatory processes. Indeed, it was demonstrated that a recombinant strain of Lactococcus lactis expressing human PAP (LL-PAP) could prevent and improve murine DNBS-induced colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes severe inflammation of the colon. Hence, in this study we sought to evaluate the protective effects of LL-PAP on 5-FU-induced experimental mucositis in BALB/c mice as a novel approach to treat the disease. Results Our results show that non-recombinant L. lactis NZ9000 have antagonistic activity, in vitro, against the enteroinvasive gastrointestinal pathogen L. monocytogenes and confirmed PAP inhibitory effect against Opportunistic E. faecalis. Moreover, L. lactis was able to prevent histological damage, reduce neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration and secretory Immunoglobulin-A in mice injected with 5-FU. Recombinant lactococci carrying antimicrobial PAP did not improve those markers of inflammation, although its expression was associated with villous architecture preservation and increased secretory granules density inside Paneth cells in response to 5-FU inflammation. Conclusions We have demonstrated for the first time that L. lactis NZ9000 by itself, is able to prevent 5-FU-induced intestinal inflammation in BALB/c mice. Moreover, PAP delivered by recombinant L. lactis strain showed additional protective effects in mice epithelium, revealing to be a promising strategy to treat intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo D Carvalho
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Natalia Breyner
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Zelia Menezes-Garcia
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nubia M Rodrigues
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luisa Lemos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Tatiane U Maioli
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Gloria Souza
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.,Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Denise Carmona
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana M C de Faria
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Henrique C P Figueiredo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcela S de Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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29
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Shigemori S, Shimosato T. Applications of Genetically Modified Immunobiotics with High Immunoregulatory Capacity for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:22. [PMID: 28179904 PMCID: PMC5263139 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by dysregulated immune responses of the gastrointestinal tract. In recent years, the incidence of IBDs has increased in developed nations, but their prophylaxis/treatment is not yet established. Site-directed delivery of molecules showing anti-inflammatory properties using genetically modified (gm)-probiotics shows promise as a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of IBD. Advantages of gm-probiotics include (1) the ability to use bacteria as a delivery vehicle, enabling safe and long-term use by humans, (2) decreased risks of side effects, and (3) reduced costs. The intestinal delivery of anti-inflammatory proteins such as cytokines and enzymes using Lactococcus lactis has been shown to regulate host intestinal homeostasis depending on the delivered protein-specific machinery. Additionally, clinical experience using interleukin 10-secreting Lc. lactis has been shown to be safe and to facilitate biological containment in IBD therapy. On the other hand, some preclinical studies have demonstrated that gm-strains of immunobiotics (probiotic strains able to beneficially regulate the mucosal immunity) provide beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation as a result of the synergy between the immunoregulatory effects of the bacterium itself and the anti-inflammatory effects of the delivered recombinant proteins. In this review, we discuss the rapid progression in the development of strategies for the prophylaxis and treatment of IBD using gm-probiotics that exhibit immune regulation effects (gm-immunobiotics). In particular, we discuss the type of strains used as delivery agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Shigemori
- Department of Bioscience and Food Production Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimosato
- Department of Interdisciplinary Genome Sciences and Cell Metabolism, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Supramolecular Complexes Unit, Research Center for Fungal and Microbial Dynamism, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
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Abstract
Human cathelicidin LL-37, the only member of the cathelicidin family of host defense peptides expressed in humans, plays a crucial role in host defense against pathogen invasion, as well as in regulating the functions of anti-inflammation, antitumorigenesis, and tissue repair. It is primarily produced by phagocytic leukocytes and epithelial cells, and mediates a wide range of biological responses. Emerging evidence from several studies indicates that LL-37 plays a prominent and complex role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although overexpression of LL-37 has been implicated in the inflamed and noninflamed colon mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis, LL-37 expression was not changed in the inflamed or noninflamed colon or ileal mucosa in patients with Crohn's disease. Furthermore, studies in animal models and human patients further characterized the protective effect of cathelicidins both in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. These data suggest the intricate functions of LL-37 in IBD. They will also create many strategies and opportunities for therapeutic intervention in IBD in the future. This review aims to elucidate the structure and bioactivity of LL-37 and also discuss the recent progress in understanding the relationship between LL-37 and IBD.
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Lee SI, Jang HJ, Jeon MH, Lee MO, Kim JS, Jeon IS, Byun SJ. Transcriptional regulation of cathelicidin genes in chicken bone marrow cells. Poult Sci 2016; 95:912-9. [PMID: 26908883 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidins form a family of vertebrate-specific immune molecules with an evolutionarily conserved gene structure. We analyzed the expression patterns of cathelicidin genes (CAMP, CATH3, and CATHB1) in chicken bone marrow cells (BMCs) and chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs). We found that CAMP and CATHB1 were significantly up-regulated in BMCs, whereas the expression of CATH3 did not differ significantly between BMCs and CEFs. To study the mechanism underlying the up-regulation of cathelicidin genes in BMCs, we predicted the transcription factors (TFs) that bind to the 5'-flanking regions of cathelicidin genes. CEBPA, EBF1, HES1, MSX1, and ZIC3 were up-regulated in BMCs compared to CEFs. Subsequently, when a siRNA-mediated knockdown assay was performed for MSX1, the expression of CAMP and CATHB1 was decreased in BMCs. We also showed that the transcriptional activity of the CAMP promoter was decreased by mutation of the MSX1-binding sites present within the 5'-flanking region of CAMP. These results increase our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling cathelicidin genes in BMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang In Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun June Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-hyang Jeon
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ock Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467
| | - Jeom Sun Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Soo Jeon
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung June Byun
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
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Zhang L, Wu WKK, Gallo RL, Fang EF, Hu W, Ling TKW, Shen J, Chan RLY, Lu L, Luo XM, Li MX, Chan KM, Yu J, Wong VWS, Ng SC, Wong SH, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Chan MTV, Cho CH. Critical Role of Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin for Controlling Helicobacter pylori Survival and Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1799-1809. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin is critical for protection against different kinds of microbial infection. This study sought to elucidate the protective action of cathelicidin against Helicobacter pylori infection and its associated gastritis. Exogenous cathelicidin was found to inhibit H. pylori growth, destroy the bacteria biofilm, and induce morphological alterations in H. pylori membrane. Additionally, knockdown of endogenous cathelicidin in human gastric epithelial HFE-145 cells markedly increased the intracellular survival of H. pylori. Consistently, cathelicidin knockout mice exhibited stronger H. pylori colonization, higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and ICAM1, and lower expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the gastric mucosa upon H. pylori infection. In wild-type mice, H. pylori infection also stimulated gastric epithelium-derived cathelicidin production. Importantly, pretreatment with bioengineered Lactococcus lactis that actively secretes cathelicidin significantly increased mucosal cathelicidin levels and reduced H. pylori infection and the associated inflammation. Moreover, cathelicidin strengthened the barrier function of gastric mucosa by stimulating mucus synthesis. Collectively, these findings indicate that cathelicidin plays a significant role as a potential natural antibiotic for H. pylori clearance and a therapeutic agent for chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- ‡CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - William K. K. Wu
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- ‡CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- §Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Richard L. Gallo
- ¶Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Evandro F. Fang
- ‖Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Wei Hu
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Thomas K. W. Ling
- **Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Shen
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Ruby L. Y. Chan
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Lan Lu
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Xiao M. Luo
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Ming X. Li
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Kam M. Chan
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Jun Yu
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- ‡CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Vincent W. S. Wong
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- ‡CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Francis K. L. Chan
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- ‡CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Joseph J. Y. Sung
- *Institute of Digestive Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- †Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- ‡CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Matthew T. V. Chan
- §Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi H. Cho
- #School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
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Marine natural products with anti-inflammatory activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1645-1666. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ng TB, Cheung RCF, Wong JH, Chan WY. Proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, and nucleotides with inhibitory activity on human immunodeficiency virus and its enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:10399-414. [PMID: 26411457 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, has claimed innumerable lives in the past. Many biomolecules which suppress HIV replication and also other biomolecules that inhibit enzymes essential to HIV replication have been reported. Proteins including a variety of milk proteins, ribosome-inactivating proteins, ribonucleases, antifungal proteins, and trypsin inhibitors; peptides comprising cathelicidins, defensins, synthetic peptides, and others; polysaccharides and polysaccharopeptides; nucleosides, nucleotides, and ribozymes, demonstrated anti-HIV activity. In many cases, the mechanism of anti-HIV action has been elucidated. Strategies have been devised to augment the anti-HIV potency of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories, China.
| | - Randy Chi Fai Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories, China
| | - Wai Yee Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories, China.
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Cheng M, Ho S, Yoo JH, Tran DHY, Bakirtzi K, Su B, Tran DHN, Kubota Y, Ichikawa R, Koon HW. Cathelicidin suppresses colon cancer development by inhibition of cancer associated fibroblasts. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2014; 8:13-29. [PMID: 25565877 PMCID: PMC4274046 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s70906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cathelicidin (LL-37 in humans and mCRAMP in mice) represents a family of endogenous antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptides. Cancer-associated fibroblasts can promote the proliferation of colon cancer cells and growth of colon cancer tumors. METHODS We examined the role of cathelicidin in the development of colon cancer, using subcutaneous human HT-29 colon-cancer-cell-derived tumor model in nude mice and azoxymethane- and dextran sulfate-mediated colon cancer model in C57BL/6 mice. We also determined the indirect antitumoral mechanism of cathelicidin via the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of colon cancer cells and fibroblast-supported colon cancer cell proliferation. RESULTS Intravenous administration of cathelicidin expressing adeno-associated virus significantly reduced the size of tumors, tumor-derived collagen expression, and tumor-derived fibroblast expression in HT-29-derived subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Enema administration of the mouse cathelicidin peptide significantly reduced the size and number of colonic tumors in azoxymethane- and dextran sulfate-treated mice without inducing apoptosis in tumors and the adjacent normal colonic tissues. Cathelicidin inhibited the collagen expression and vimentin-positive fibroblast expression in colonic tumors. Cathelicidin did not directly affect HT-29 cell viability, but did significantly reduce tumor growth factor-β1-induced EMT of colon cancer cells. Media conditioned by the human colonic CCD-18Co fibroblasts promoted human colon cancer HT-29 cell proliferation. Cathelicidin pretreatment inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation mediated by media conditioned by human colonic CCD-18Co fibroblasts. Cathelicidin disrupted tubulin distribution in colonic fibroblasts. Disruption of tubulin in fibroblasts reduced fibroblast-supported colon cancer cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Cathelicidin effectively inhibits colon cancer development by interfering with EMT and fibroblast-supported colon cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Cheng
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Ho
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jun Hwan Yoo
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Deanna Hoang-Yen Tran
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kyriaki Bakirtzi
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bowei Su
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diana Hoang-Ngoc Tran
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuzu Kubota
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Ichikawa
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hon Wai Koon
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Choi KYG, Napper S, Mookherjee N. Human cathelicidin LL-37 and its derivative IG-19 regulate interleukin-32-induced inflammation. Immunology 2014; 143:68-80. [PMID: 24666281 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cathelicidin LL-37 protects against infections and endotoxin-induced inflammation. In a recent study we have shown that IG-19, an LL-37-derived peptide, protects in a murine model of arthritis. Cytokine interleukin-32 (IL-32) is elevated and directly associated with the disease severity of inflammatory arthritis. Therefore, in this study we examined the effects of LL-37 and IG-19 on IL-32-induced responses in human peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells (PBMC) and macrophages. We showed that CD14(+) monocytes are the primary cells that produce pro-inflammatory tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) following stimulation of PBMC with IL-32. We demonstrated that LL-37 and IG-19 significantly suppress IL-32-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. TNF-α and IL-1β, without altering chemokine production. In contrast, LL-37 and IG-19 enhance the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1RA. Further mechanistic studies revealed that LL-37 and IG-19 suppress IL-32-mediated phosphorylation of Fyn (Y420) Src kinase. In contrast, IL-32-mediated phosphorylation of AKT-1 (T308) and MKP-1 (S359) is not suppressed by the peptides. LL-37 and IG-19 alone induce the phosphorylation of MKP-1 (S359), which is a known negative regulator of inflammation. Furthermore, the peptides induce the activity of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase, which is known to phosphorylate MKP-1 (S359). This is the first study to demonstrate the regulation of IL-32-induced inflammation by LL-37 and its derivative peptide IG-19. The mechanistic results from this study suggest that regulation of immune-mediated inflammation by these peptides may be controlled by the dual phosphatase MKP-1. We speculate that LL-37 and its derivatives may contribute to the control of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Yee G Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Scaldaferri F, Lopetuso LR, Petito V, Cufino V, Bilotta M, Arena V, Stigliano E, Maulucci G, Papi M, Emiliana CM, Poscia A, Franceschi F, Delogu G, Sanguinetti M, Spirito MD, Sgambato A, Gasbarrini A. Gelatin tannate ameliorates acute colitis in mice by reinforcing mucus layer and modulating gut microbiota composition: Emerging role for 'gut barrier protectors' in IBD? United European Gastroenterol J 2014; 2:113-22. [PMID: 24918016 DOI: 10.1177/2050640614520867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gelatin tannate, a gelatin powder containing tannic acids, is commonly employed as an intestinal astringent. Neither information nor animal model exist to confirm its efficacy or unravel mechanisms of action. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the action of gelatin tannate in murine dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced acute colitis. METHODS Mice were exposed to DSS and received gelatin tannate by gavage. At sacrifice, colon histological degree of inflammation was assessed. Stool samples were cultured for microbiological analysis. Colon samples were analysed by two-photon confocal microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Elisa was performed on murine serum to assess lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan levels. RESULTS Gelatin tannate treatment reduced disease activity, bodyweight loss, and preserved colonic length. It produced a decrease in the amount of enterobacteria and enterococci. At confocal microscopy, intestinal samples from healthy and treated mice displayed similar structure in mucus layer thickness and composition; samples from placebo group had no mucus layer or a thinner stratus. Atomic force microscopy confirmed these findings. Treated mice showed lower blood LPS levels vs. control. CONCLUSIONS Gelatin tannate decreased the severity of colitis. Acting as a gut barrier enhancer, it re-establishes gut homeostasis by recovering intestinal permeability and mucus layer integrity in gut mucosa and by modulating microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Scaldaferri
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Loris Riccardo Lopetuso
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Petito
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Cufino
- Pathology Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirna Bilotta
- Microbiology Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arena
- Pathology Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Stigliano
- Pathology Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Physics Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Physics Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Poscia
- Institute of Hygiene, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delogu
- Microbiology Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco De Spirito
- Physics Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Lu L, Chan RLY, Luo XM, Wu WKK, Shin VY, Cho CH. Animal models of gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer. Life Sci 2014; 108:1-6. [PMID: 24825611 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and cancer are the two major disorders in the gastrointestinal tract. They are causally related in their pathogenesis. It is important to study animal models' causal relationship and, in particular, to discover new therapeutic agents for such diseases. There are several criteria for these models in order to make them useful in better understanding the etiology and treatment of the said diseases in humans. In this regard, animal models should be similar as possible to human diseases and also be easy to produce and reproducible and also economic to allow a continuous replication in different laboratories. In this review, we summarize the various animal models for inflammatory and cancerous disorders in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Experimental approaches are as simple as by giving a single oral dose of alcohol or other noxious agents or by injections of multiple dosages of ulcer inducing agents or by parenteral administration or in drinking water of carcinogens or by modifying the genetic makeups of animals to produce relatively long-term pathological changes in particular organs. With these methods they could induce consistent inflammatory responses or tumorigenesis in the gastrointestinal mucosa. These animal models are widely used in laboratories in understanding the pathogenesis as well as the mechanisms of action for therapeutic agents in the treatment of gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruby L Y Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - X M Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William K K Wu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian Y Shin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C H Cho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Dasgupta S, Kasper DL. Relevance of commensal microbiota in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2013; 19:2478-89. [PMID: 23846489 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0b013e318297d884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Commensal microbiota that reside primarily in the gut of mammals influence the hosts' health to a great extent. Shaping of host immunity locally, a vital component of this influence, can have pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, or neutral outcomes, presumably depending on the composition of the microbiota in an individual and type of molecules expressed in the individual members of the microbiota. Thus, these microbial species can be thought of as a reservoir of molecules that can be used to improve or worsen the condition of patients suffering from immunity or inflammation-driven pathologies like inflammatory bowel disease. In the current review, we elaborate, based on the literature available from murine models of disease and clinical case studies, the need to identify individual members of commensal microbiota that can precipitate or resolve inflammatory bowel disease. Therapeutic approaches could entail enrichment of members of microbiota (or molecules from these microbes), which induces expansion or enhancement of function of regulatory T cells or tolerogenic dendritic cells and reduce members that cause inflammation either directly or indirectly by influencing metabolic and other host molecules. Efficiency of bacteria-driven therapy would potentially be enhanced as we refine our approaches from the use of complete feces as done in fecal transplantation to utilization of microbiota-derived molecules as exemplified by the capsular polysaccharide A from the human gut commensal Bacteroides fragilis. We also highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, defining a natural alternative to the current chemical-based immunosuppressive regimen for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryasarathi Dasgupta
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chow JYC, Li ZJ, Kei WK, Cho CH. Cathelicidin a potential therapeutic peptide for gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:2731-2735. [PMID: 23687409 PMCID: PMC3653146 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i18.2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidins, are host defense peptides synthesized and stored in circulating leukocytes and numerous types of epithelial tissues in particular the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and skin. They have been known for their antimicrobial activities against a variety of microbes. Recently it was discovered that they have other significant biological functions and produce appealing pharmacological actions against inflammation and cancer in the GI tract through defined mechanisms. Experimental evidence shows that these actions could be tissue and disease specific and concentration dependent. This article reviews some of the physiological functions of cathelicidins and also their therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammation and cancer and also the delivery system for this peptide as targeted therapy for various disorders in the GI tract both in animals and humans.
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Sung MK, Park MY. Nutritional modulators of ulcerative colitis: Clinical efficacies and mechanistic view. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:994-1004. [PMID: 23467687 PMCID: PMC3582011 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i7.994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammation-associated disease of the colon and rectum. The onset and progress of the disease are directly influenced by the nature of the intestinal microflora, the intestinal barrier function, and the immunological responses of the host. The epithelial invasion of pathogenic bacteria due to excess contact and/or barrier dysfunction is related to inflammation mediated by intestinal immune responses. Although the etiology of UC is not clearly understood, recent studies have shown a rising incidence of UC worldwide, and this phenomenon is more prominent in Asian countries and in Asian immigrants in Western countries. The increased prevalence of UC also contributes to an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Environmental factors, including changes in dietary habits, have been suggested as major risk factors of UC. A systematic review showed a negative association between UC risk and vegetable intake, whereas total fat, omega-6 fatty acids and meat intake were positively associated with an increased risk of UC. Individual dietary factors and energy balance have been suggested as having important roles in inducing changes in the microbial population and intestinal barrier integrity and in regulating inflammatory immune responses, directly or indirectly. Excess energy intake is now known to increase pathogenic microbial populations. Likewise, the application of appropriate probiotics may reverse the pathogenic progression of the disease. In the meantime, dietary anti-inflammatory compounds, including omega-3 fatty acids and other phytochemicals, may directly suppress inflammatory responses in the course of UC development. In this review, the increased prevalence of UC and its management are interpreted from the standpoint of nutritional modulation to regulate the intestinal microflora population, intestinal epithelium permeability, and inflammatory responses.
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To KKW, Ren SX, Wong CCM, Cho CH. Reversal of ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance by human cathelicidin and its analogs in cancer cells. Peptides 2013; 40:13-21. [PMID: 23274176 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells to a wide spectrum of anticancer drugs is a major obstacle to successful chemotherapy. It is usually mediated by the overexpression of one of the three major ABC transporters actively pumping cytotoxic drugs out of the cells. There has been great interest in the search for inhibitors toward these transporters with an aim to circumvent resistance. This is usually achieved by screening from natural product library and the subsequent structural modifications. This study reported the reversal of ABCG2-mediated MDR in drug-selected resistant cancer cell lines by a class of host defense antimicrobial peptides, the human cathelicidin LL37 and its fragments. The effective human cathelicidin peptides (LL17-32 and LL13-37) were found to increase the accumulation of mitoxantrone in cancer cell lines with ABCG2 overexpression, thereby circumventing resistance to mitoxantrone. At the effective concentrations of the cathelicidin peptides, cell proliferation of the parental cells without elevated ABCG2 expression was not affected. Result from drug efflux and ATPase assays suggested that both LL17-32 and LL13-37 interact with ABCG2 and inhibit its transport activity in an uncompetitive manner. The peptides were also found to downregulate ABCG2 protein expression in the resistant cells, probably through a lysosomal degradation pathway. Our data suggest that the human cathelicidin may be further developed for sensitizing resistant cancer cells to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 801N, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhang L, Yu J, Wong CCM, Ling TKW, Li ZJ, Chan KM, Ren SX, Shen J, Chan RLY, Lee CC, Li MSM, Cheng ASL, To KF, Gallo RL, Sung JJY, Wu WKK, Cho CH. Cathelicidin protects against Helicobacter pylori colonization and the associated gastritis in mice. Gene Ther 2012; 20:751-60. [PMID: 23254369 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2012.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide of the innate immune system, has been shown to modulate microbial growth, wound healing and inflammation. However, whether cathelicidin controls Helicobacter pylori infection in vivo remains unexplored. This study sought to elucidate the role of endogenous and exogenous mouse cathelicidin (CRAMP) in the protection against H. pylori infection and the associated gastritis in mice. Results showed that genetic ablation of CRAMP in mice significantly increased the susceptibility of H. pylori colonization and the associated gastritis as compared with the wild-type control. Furthermore, replenishment with exogenous CRAMP, delivered via a bioengineered CRAMP-secreting strain of Lactococcus lactis, reduced H. pylori density in the stomach as well as the associated inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine production. Collectively, these findings indicate that cathelicidin protects against H. pylori infection and its associated gastritis in vivo. Our study also demonstrates the feasibility of using the transformed food-grade bacteria to deliver cathelicidin, which may have potential clinical applications in the treatment of H. pylori infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Choi KYG, Mookherjee N. Multiple immune-modulatory functions of cathelicidin host defense peptides. Front Immunol 2012; 3:149. [PMID: 22701455 PMCID: PMC3371594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Yee Grace Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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