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Obekpa EO, McCurdy SA, Schick V, Markham C, Gallardo KR, Wilkerson JM. Situational Confidence and Recovery Capital Among Recovery Residents Taking Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Texas. J Addict Med 2023; 17:670-676. [PMID: 37934528 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000001206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Situational confidence, that is, confidence to resist substance use in high-risk situations, and recovery capital (RC) are resources that individuals can draw upon to initiate and sustain their recovery from opioid use disorder. We assessed the associations between total, social, and personal RC and situational confidence among recovery residents taking medications for opioid use disorder. METHODS Cross-sectional associations between the Brief Situational Confidence Questionnaire and Assessment of Recovery Capital scores were assessed among participants (N = 267) enrolled in a longitudinal study in 13 recovery homes for persons taking medications for opioid use disorder in Texas using χ 2 tests and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Most participants were 35 years or older (51.7%), male (59.4%), non-Hispanic White (71.5%), and unemployed (66.0%); used more than one substance (77.9%); and had higher educational levels (53.8%). The majority had high situational confidence (66.7%), social (63.7%), physical (67.0%), and total (64.8%) RC. Education (model 1: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.96; confidence interval [CI], 1.13-3.40; model 2: aOR, 2.03; CI, 1.17-3.51) and social (aOR, 2.08; CI, 1.11-3.92), personal (aOR, 2.06; CI, 1.08-3.93), and total (aOR, 2.98; CI, 1.71-5.20) RC were associated with situational confidence. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the need for recovery housing operators to be trained on the relevance of RC and situational confidence to practice to improve recovery outcomes among residents with opioid use disorder. Health planners, recovery housing administrators, and policymakers should strengthen recovery residence-based services and systems to improve individual RC and situational confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth O Obekpa
- From the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston is the full name of the university. University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
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Martinelli TF, Roeg DPK, Bellaert L, Van de Mheen D, Nagelhout G. Understanding the Process of Drug Addiction Recovery Through First-Hand Experiences: A Qualitative Study in the Netherlands Using Lifeline Interviews. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:857-870. [PMID: 37279186 PMCID: PMC10426251 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231174161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understandings of drug addiction recovery are still being debated. Research on perspectives from first-hand experiences with recovery is rare and often contains short-term experiences in the context of a treatment setting. We aim to gain further understanding of recovery by analyzing autobiographical data from persons in different stages of drug addiction recovery who are not linked to any specific treatment service. We conducted 30 in-depth qualitative interviews with participants from various parts of the Netherlands. Participants self-identified as being "in recovery" or "recovered" from drug addiction for at least 3 months. Men and women are equally represented, and the sample consists of an equal number of participants in early (<1 year, n = 10), sustained (1-5 years, n = 10), and stable (>5 years, n = 10) recovery. We undertook a data-driven thematic analysis. Participants described that recovery is a broad process of change because addiction is interwoven with everything (theme 1); that recovery is reconsidering identity, seeing things in a new light (theme 2); that recovery is a staged long-term process (theme 3); and that universal life processes are part of recovery (theme 4). Thus, Drug addiction recovery is experienced as an interwoven long-term process, including identity change and common or universal life processes. Policy and clinical practice should therefore be aimed at supporting long-term tailored recovery goals and disseminating first-hand recovery experiences to enhance long-term outcomes and reduce stigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Martinelli
- IVO Research Institute, Den Haag, Netherlands
- Tranzo Scientific Centre for Care and Wellbeing, School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - D. P. K. Roeg
- Tranzo Scientific Centre for Care and Wellbeing, School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
- Kwintes Housing and Rehabilitation Services, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - L. Bellaert
- Department of Special Needs Education, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D. Van de Mheen
- Tranzo Scientific Centre for Care and Wellbeing, School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - G.E. Nagelhout
- IVO Research Institute, Den Haag, Netherlands
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), Maastricht, Netherlands
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Corner T, Arden-Close E, McAlaney J. Wellbeing in Addiction Recovery: Does It Differ across Addictions? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6375. [PMID: 37510607 PMCID: PMC10379731 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Limited research has been conducted on the experiences of individuals in long-term recovery from addiction, and addictions are usually studied in isolation. However, no theories of addiction differentiate between addictions or assume that individuals will experience only one addiction. This study aimed to compare affect between individuals with addictions to drugs and alcohol and to explore how QoL changes in long-term recovery from addiction. Individuals in recovery from addiction (n = 115; 52.2% male) were recruited via snowball sampling on social media signposted by an addiction rehabilitation charity. Participants completed questionnaires about QoL (WHOQOL-Bref) and positive and negative affect (PANAS-X). The main primary addictions were drugs (76.5%) and alcohol (21.7%), with 69.7% reporting multiple addictions including food, sex, internet, and gambling. Affect and coping strategies did not differ by addiction. QoL appeared to improve with time in recovery. The high percentage of multiple addictions and greater similarities than differences between individuals with drug and alcohol addictions suggest that addictions should not be studied in isolation when studying psychological health during long-term recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Corner
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Emily Arden-Close
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
| | - John McAlaney
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
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Härd S, Best D, Sondhi A, Lehman J, Riccardi R. The growth of recovery capital in clients of recovery residences in Florida, USA: a quantitative pilot study of changes in REC-CAP profile scores. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2022; 17:58. [PMID: 35933398 PMCID: PMC9356455 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-022-00488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing evidence base around predictors of retention and completion in a range of recovery residence models, particularly Oxford Houses and Sober Living Houses, and recovery housing is recognized as a clearly evidenced area of recovery intervention. The aim of the study was to quantitatively assess recovery capital in a sample of recovery residence clients. Method The study used a repeated measures self-completion of a standardized recovery capital instrument (REC-CAP) for clients retained across various houses within one Level 2 recovery residence provider whose program was based on a 12-step approach. While 823 clients participated in the baseline assessment, a sample of 267 clients was achieved for six-month follow-up interview, based on those retained in the residence. A logistic regression model examined factors associated with retention and a repeated measures marginal mixed model evaluated the factors associated with changes in recovery capital between the baseline and the follow-up assessment. Results Members of the group that remained in recovery residences were more likely to be older with a record of high participation in recovery groups, with greater drop-out among younger residents, female residents and those with an identified housing need. For those retained to follow-up, greater recovery capital growth was associated with employment, higher levels of social support and more recovery group involvement, as well as age and a higher quality of life. The need for family support was shown to reduce levels of recovery capital. However, those younger people who were retained reported better recovery capital growth during the initial six months of residence. Conclusion The key conclusion is that while recovery capital generally increases during a stay in a recovery residence, it does not do so consistently across the sample population. This has implications for how pathways to recovery group engagement are supported for women and young people and how social support (encompassing housing, employment and family issues) is provided to those populations during periods of residence. This suggests the potential need for training and guidance for house managers working with these groups.
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The phenotype of recovery VII: Delay discounting mediates the relationship between time in recovery and recovery progress. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 136:108665. [PMID: 34895955 PMCID: PMC8940660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Substance use disorders (SUDs) remain challenging maladies to treat in the United States and impose significant societal costs. Despite these challenges, a significant number of individuals endorse being in recovery from SUD. The scientific understanding of SUD recovery has evolved to include not only improvements in substance use but also improvements in personal wellness and psychosocial functioning. The devaluation of future rewards (delay discounting; DD) is broadly associated with SUD inception and outcomes. We sought to investigate the relationship between DD, time in recovery, and recovery progress. METHODS We conducted an online assessment of 127 individuals in recovery from SUD who the study recruited via the International Quit and Recovery Registry (IQRR). The research team obtained measures of recovery progress via the Addiction Recovery Questionnaire (ARQ) and the Treatment Effectiveness Assessment (TEA). Additionally, the study collected measures of DD, time in recovery, and endorsement of abstinence in recovery (i.e., requiring abstinence vs. not). We utilized linear regression to test for associations among these variables and performed a mediation analysis to test the role of DD in mediating the relationship between time in recovery and measures of recovery progress. RESULTS Time in recovery was positively associated with the ARQ (p < .001) and TEA (p < .001). Furthermore, an individual's delay discounting rate mediated the relationship between time in recovery and ARQ/TEA. Of the participants, 66% endorsed recovery requiring total abstinence from alcohol and drugs. Last, through an exhaustive model selection, the study did not find an individual's endorsement of abstinence in recovery to be a primary predictor of recovery progress. CONCLUSIONS This study presents evidence that, for individuals in recovery, the temporal view (i.e., focus on immediate vs. future rewards) is a significant influence on recovery progress. Additionally, an individual's endorsement of abstinence in recovery was not significantly associated with recovery progress, suggesting the importance of a holistic view of SUD recovery. These findings contribute to the understanding of recovery as a multidimensional process and provide further support for DD as a behavioral marker of addiction.
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Gavriel-Fried B, Lev-El N. Negative Recovery Capital in Gambling Disorder: A Conceptual Model of Barriers to Recovery. J Gambl Stud 2021; 38:279-296. [PMID: 33689101 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-021-10016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recovery from any addiction, including gambling, involves continuous efforts to improve wellness despite the obstacles and challenges. The recovery capital (RC) model is a holistic conceptual framework operationalized along a continuum ranging from positive internal and external RC resources that enhance recovery to negative recovery capital (NRC) which are defined as obstacles that impede individuals from coping with their addiction. Although previous studies have conceptualized the positive side of the RC model, no study has systematically explored NRC. This study develops a model that maps and conceptualizes the elements that impede recovery from gambling disorder (GD). In the current study, 133 individuals with a lifetime GD were interviewed about the factors that have hindered their recovery. A content analysis identified 14 NRC categories that were classified into four domains: Human NRC (urges and uncontrolled urges, cognitive distortions, inaction, sensation seeking, stressful life events, negative emotions, ability to conceal, a lack of motivation to recover), Social NRC (lack of social or familial networks, conflictual or dangerous social networks), Community NRC (an environment that encourages gambling, money lenders), and Financial NRC (financial distress and debt, money as a risk factor). The discussion centers on a holistic perspective of the elements that hinder recovery from GD, and calls for intervention methods that aim to minimize NRC to provide more holistic solutions to GD and possibly other addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belle Gavriel-Fried
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Niva Lev-El
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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van de Ven K, Ritter A, Berends L, Chalmers J, Lancaster K. Perceptions of purchasing and payment mechanisms in alcohol and other drug treatment services in Australia: A qualitative study involving alcohol and other drug service providers and purchasers of treatment. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020; 39:189-197. [PMID: 32012374 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Governments across the globe invest considerable amounts in funding alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment. Little attention however has been paid to the ways AOD service providers are chosen and how they are paid. This study sought to examine the perceptions of Australian AOD treatment purchasers and providers regarding different purchasing and payment mechanisms. DESIGN AND METHODS Qualitative interviews with AOD treatment providers and purchasers (N = 197) were undertaken across the eight Australian states/territories and the Commonwealth. Data were collated against six main AOD treatment purchasing and payment mechanisms (as identified in the literature), then an inductive, comparative analysis to assign codes was conducted, followed by interpretive analysis to explore emergent themes. RESULTS Five main themes were identified in relation to AOD treatment payment and purchasing mechanisms: (i) applying private sector principles to purchasing; (ii) innovation, sector stability and addressing client needs; (iii) performance monitoring and measuring outcomes; (iv) the threat to designated funding for AOD treatment; and (v) the costs and benefits of having multiple funding sources. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS In many countries reforms are taking place in the health sector consistent with New Public Management principles. These principles, when applied to AOD treatment, have included introducing competition, output and outcomes-based funding models, standards and accountability. Purchaser and providers identified both strengths and weaknesses and highlighted the overarching concern that implementation of any (mix) of these mechanisms should always be underpinned by a client-centred and not a finance-centred approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka van de Ven
- Drug Policy Modelling Program, Social Policy Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Rural Criminology, School of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Alison Ritter
- Drug Policy Modelling Program, Social Policy Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lynda Berends
- TRACE Research; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jenny Chalmers
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kari Lancaster
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Gueta K, Chen G, Ronel N. Maintenance of long-term recovery from substance use: a mixed methods study of self- and treatment-changers. DRUGS: EDUCATION, PREVENTION AND POLICY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2020.1800592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Gueta
- Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Gila Chen
- Department of Criminology, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Natti Ronel
- Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Skogens L, von Greiff N. Recovery processes among young adults treated for alcohol and other drug problems: A five-year follow-up. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2020; 37:338-351. [PMID: 35310920 PMCID: PMC8899242 DOI: 10.1177/1455072520936814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Studies on recovery from alcohol and other drugs (AOD) among young adults are scarce. In the present study, young adults, previously interviewed with a focus on their recovery process shortly after they completed treatment, were re-interviewed five years later focusing on their recovery process during the last five years in relation to their former AOD problems, other problems and processes of change. Methods Twenty-one young adults were interviewed: 16 women and five men aged between 25 and 33 years. After transcribing the interviews, the material was analysed thematically. Results Three overall themes emerged: previous problems, mental illness and the search for identity. The results were discussed in relation to recovery capital, primarily focusing on human and social capital. The results indicate that the group in focus often needs professional support for mental health issues in order to reach a stable recovery. Conclusions Since the problems described were heterogeneous, this client group might benefit from individual treatment and extended support after treatment. Further, the results indicate that the established period of five years for a stable recovery might need to be extended for young adults.
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Costello MJ, Sousa S, Ropp C, Rush B. How to Measure Addiction Recovery? Incorporating Perspectives of Individuals with Lived Experience. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9956-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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von Greiff N, Skogens L. Abstinence or controlled drinking – a five-year follow-up on Swedish clients reporting positive change after treatment for substance use disorders. DRUGS AND ALCOHOL TODAY 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/dat-12-2019-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how clients – five years after completing treatment interventions endorsing abstinence – view abstinence and the role of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) in their recovery process.
Design/methodology/approach
Interviews with 40 clients were conducted shortly after them finishing treatment and five years later. All the interviewees had attended treatment programmes based on the 12-step philosophy, and they all described abstinence as crucial to their recovery process in an initial interview.
Findings
At follow-up, the majority remained abstinent. For many, attending AA meetings was still important – some described attending as a routine, whereas others stressed that the meetings were crucial for remaining abstinent. For those who reported controlled drinking (CD), this was described either as a natural step in their recovery process or as associated with worries and self-doubts.
Research limitations/implications
The results suggest the importance of offering interventions with various treatment goals and that clients choosing CD as part of their sustained recovery would benefit from support in this process, both from peers and professionals.
Originality/value
There are heterogeneous views on the possibilities of CD after recovery from substance use disorder both in research and in treatment systems. This study on client views on abstinence versus CD after treatment advocating total abstinence can contribute with perspectives on this ongoing discussion.
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The Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) predicts substance abuse treatment completion. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106189. [PMID: 31778848 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recovery from addiction requires various personal and environmental resources. The purposes of this study were to determine if the Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) scores measured at admission could predict substance abuse treatment (SAT) completion and to identify personal and environmental factors associated with ARC scores. Participants (N = 2265) comprised clients entering a Midwestern SAT facility (August 2015 - June 2017). Logistic regression was used to predict SAT completion using ARC scores. Nonparametric group comparisons were used for personal and environmental covariates. ARC scores significantly predicted successful SAT completion (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.05, Wald z = 12.9, p < 0.001). Employment had a positive relationship with ARC scores (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 215.96, df = 8, p < 0.001). ARC scores varied according to primary substance (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 101.10, df = 6, p < 0.001); alcohol and marijuana showed the highest scores and heroin the lowest. ARC scores decreased as number of problem substances increased (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 70.57, df = 2, p < 0.001, rS = -0.163, p < 0.001). Living arrangement was also significant (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 146.36, df = 8, p < 0.001); clients who were homeless had the lowest ARC scores. A number of personal and environmental covariates were associated with the ARC scores and potentially with the outcome. After adjustment, the ARC remained a strong predictor of SAT completion. The ARC should be used in SAT facilities to guide treatment decisions and to create individualized treatment plans for clients.
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Employment recovery capital in the treatment of substance use disorders: Six-month follow-up observations. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 205:107624. [PMID: 31645013 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recovery capital represents client strengths associated with substance use disorder (SUD) recovery. Employment is part of recovery capital supporting long-term recovery. However, specific employment recovery capital (ERC) factors associated with SUD recovery are not well understood. METHODS The present study used retrospective logistic regression modeling to predict treatment completion at discharge and substance use at six-month follow-up from employment variables at intake and follow-up. An additional exploratory follow-up of ERC Change is further investigated. Existing clinical data from a random selection of all Iowa SUD treatment facilities receiving public funding from 1999-2016. Clients in the study (N = 8,925) were a mean age of 31.7 (SD = 11.8), mostly male (67.2%), and primarily White (86.6%). Measurements included substance use, treatment completion, ERC Change, demographic, and treatment statistical control variables. RESULTS Results demonstrated that employment variables at intake predicted greater successful treatment completion, p < 0.0001. However, the same employment variables were predictive of maintained and increased use at six-month follow-up. Further investigation showed the best predictors of post-treatment recovery was a change in employment variables including months employed increase (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.34-1.75) and days missed from work due to substance use decrease (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI = 2.00-2.96). CONCLUSIONS Researchers and providers can help improve client recovery with intervention design, consultation, and policies focused on vocational growth in addition to employment benchmarks of gross income, full-time employment, occupation, primary support, months employed, and work missed. ERC is a promising route to improve the lives for those involved with substance use disorders.
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Collins A, McCamley A. Quality of life and better than well: a mixed method study of long-term (post five years) recovery and recovery capital. DRUGS AND ALCOHOL TODAY 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/dat-11-2017-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare quality of life scores in a long-term recovery population group (post five years) with a general population group and to explore how any differences might be explained by recovering individuals themselves in a small number of follow up qualitative interviews.
Design/methodology/approach
A sequential explanatory mixed method design combining quantitative quality of life measure (WHOQOL-BREF, 1996) and six subsequent semi-structured individual interviews. The quality of life measure compared long-term recovery scores (post five years) with the general population group. The subsequent qualitative semi-structured interviews explored what the participants themselves said about their recovery.
Findings
The quantitative data provide evidence of a significant difference in quality of life (WHOQoL-BREF) in two domains. The long-term recovery group (five or more years into recovery) scored higher in both the environment and psychological domains than the general population group. Of the long-term recovery group, 17 people who still accessed mutual aid scored higher in all four domains than those 23 people who did not. The interviews provide evidence of the this difference as result of growth in psychological elements of recovery, such as developing perspective, improvement in self-esteem, spirituality, as well as contributing as part of wider social involvement.
Research limitations/implications
This study provides support for the quality of life measure as useful in recovery research. The empirical data support the concept of recovery involving improvements in many areas of life and potentially beyond the norm, termed “better than well” (Best and Lubman, 2012; Valentine, 2011; Hibbert and Best, 2011). Limitations: snowballing method of recruitment, and undertaken by public health practitioner. Some suggestions of women and those who attend mutual aid having higher quality of life but sample too small.
Practical implications
Use QoL measure more in recovery research. Public health practitioners and policy makers need to work with partners and agencies to ensure that there is much more work, not just treatment focused, addressing the wider social and environmental context to support individuals recovering from alcohol and drugs over the longer term.
Originality/value
One of small number of studies using with participants who have experienced long-term (post five years) recovery, also use of quality of life measure (WHOQOL-BREF, 1996) with this population.
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Stokes M, Schultz P, Alpaslan A. Narrating the journey of sustained recovery from substance use disorder. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2018; 13:35. [PMID: 30261888 PMCID: PMC6161338 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-018-0167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The reported high rate of relapse in the context of an ever-increasing rate of substance abuse internationally and in South Africa together with the fact that the topic of sustained recovery from Substance Use Disorder (SUD) appears to be totally neglected in extant literature and research agendas motivated the researchers to conduct this investigation. The aim was to obtain an in-depth understanding of how individuals recovering from a SUD experience and sustain their recovery in order to fill the gap in the knowledge base. Methods A qualitative research approach was followed, employing a narrative and phenomenological research design alongside an explorative, descriptive and contextual strategy of inquiry. Fifteen participants were purposefully recruited; and data were collected by means of individual, face-to-face interviews. Schlossberg’s Transition Process Model (1981) (Schlossberg NK, The Counselling Psychologist 1981;9(2):2-18, Schlossberg NK, Journal of Employment Counselling 2011;48:159-162, Anderson ML et al., Counselling adults in transition: linking Schlossberg’s theory with practice in a diverse world., 2012) served as a theoretical framework and provided the backdrop to, and foundation for, the presentation of the research findings. Results Participants’ entry into recovery was triggered by an internal or external crisis caused by chemical substance abuse. They had to embrace a psychological mind set change, involving commitment to a new way of life in order to sustain their recovery. This, among others, was facilitated by participants’ acceptance of the concept of ‘disease of addiction’ or finding a new faith-based identity. The 12-Step programme and further education and development were found to spiritually support sustained recovery. Strong ongoing support from specialised substance abuse support and/or religious groups, interpersonal relationships with family, spouses and sponsors as well as supportive work environments played a major role in sustaining recovery. The act of helping others further helped the participants to sustain their own recovery. Conclusion Regardless of the pathway of recovery, there are key aspects that appear to aid sustained recovery. In grouping these according to the four S’s in Schlossberg’s Transition Process Model (Schlossberg NK, The Counselling Psychologist 1981;9(2):2-18, Journal of Employment Counselling 2011;48:159-162, Anderson ML et al., Counselling adults in transition: linking Schlossberg’s theory with practice in a diverse world., 2012): self, situation, strategies and support, they seem to facilitate the adaptation to transition from addiction to sobriety. Internal psychological and spiritual resources in terms of self; support (from family, church and support groups); strategies to combat cravings and deal with life problems; and avoiding and managing risk-inducing situations to strengthen recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Stokes
- , PO Box 2777, Montana Park, 0159, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Peter Schultz
- University of South Africa, 5th Floor, Room 19, Theo Van Wyk Building, Muckleneuk Campus, Preller Street, Sunnyside, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Assim Alpaslan
- University of South Africa, 9th Floor, Room 165, Theo Van Wyk Building, Muckleneuk Campus, Preller Street, Sunnyside, Pretoria, South Africa
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Skogens L, von Greiff N, Topor A. Initiating and maintaining a recovery process – experiences of persons with dual diagnosis. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/add-09-2017-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the internal and social factors that persons with experience from severe mental illness and alcohol and other drugs problems, and who have received treatment for these problems, describe as important for initiating and maintaining a recovery process.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 40 persons were interviewed and asked to describe factors they perceived as important for initiating and maintaining recovery. The software Nvivo was used to categorise data in internal and social factors with subcategories.
Findings
There is significant variation in how recovery emerged but involved in general having a proper social situation and finding meaning in life. Initially, the majority had a marginalised situation with need of assistance with housing, employment, financial and social support.
Research limitations/implications
The change process in the investigated group is interpreted as related to individual resources rather than belonging to a group defined as having “double trouble”.
Practical implications
The study implies that in addition to professional help to handle diagnosed problems, the group in focus also need support and interventions that address individual complex needs.
Social implications
Supporting activities/peer support seem to be important for those lacking support from family. At the same time, it is important to recognise the risk of being forced into a recovery identity which might lead to worsening the situation for those who do not fit into this.
Originality/value
By using the same design as in previous studies, comparisons with other groups are possible while still keeping the qualitative meaning of the investigated factors.
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Arndt S, Sahker E, Hedden S. Does the Assessment of Recovery Capital scale reflect a single or multiple domains? Subst Abuse Rehabil 2017; 8:39-43. [PMID: 28790877 PMCID: PMC5530855 DOI: 10.2147/sar.s138148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The goal of this study was to determine whether the 50-item Assessment of Recovery Capital scale represents a single general measure or whether multiple domains might be psychometrically useful for research or clinical applications. Methods Data are from a cross-sectional de-identified existing program evaluation information data set with 1,138 clients entering substance use disorder treatment. Principal components and iterated factor analysis were used on the domain scores. Multiple group factor analysis provided a quasi-confirmatory factor analysis. Results The solution accounted for 75.24% of the total variance, suggesting that 10 factors provide a reasonably good fit. However, Tucker’s congruence coefficients between the factor structure and defining weights (0.41–0.52) suggested a poor fit to the hypothesized 10-domain structure. Principal components of the 10-domain scores yielded one factor whose eigenvalue was greater than one (5.93), accounting for 75.8% of the common variance. A few domains had perceptible but small unique variance components suggesting that a few of the domains may warrant enrichment. Conclusion Our findings suggest that there is one general factor, with a caveat. Using the 10 measures inflates the chance for Type I errors. Using one general measure avoids this issue, is simple to interpret, and could reduce the number of items. However, those seeking to maximally predict later recovery success may need to use the full instrument and all 10 domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Arndt
- Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation.,Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine.,Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health
| | - Ethan Sahker
- Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation.,Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, Counseling Psychology Program College of Education, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Suzy Hedden
- Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation
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Best D, de Alwis S. Community Recovery as a Public Health Intervention: The Contagion of Hope. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2017.1318647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Best
- Department of Law and Criminology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, England
| | - Stephanie de Alwis
- Department of Law and Criminology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, England
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Hennessy EA, Glaude MW, Finch AJ. 'Pickle or a cucumber?' administrator and practitioner views of successful adolescent recovery. ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY 2016; 25:208-215. [PMID: 28860958 PMCID: PMC5573252 DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2016.1242723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent substance use disorders often involve a recurring cycle of treatment and relapse. The academic and practical definition of addition recovery for adults has been debated; yet, elements determining a successful adolescent recovery aside from abstinence have not been delineated. Thus, we sought to explore how practitioners and administrators define "success" in recovery and how they foster youth progress towards success. METHODS Using a qualitative design, we purposively selected and visited treatment and recovery services sites and interviewed practitioners and administrators (N = 13). Sites included recovery high schools (N = 2), alternative peer groups (N = 4), and one treatment center. Two authors analyzed the data using the constant comparative method. RESULTS Success emerged from the interviews in three primary themes (1) factors demonstrating success, (2) progress that highlights success, and (3) factors enabling success and two sub-themes (1) use of metaphors and (2) use of specific examples. A variety of factors and processes were discussed as indicators of success. Multiple practitioners stated that sobriety and length of abstinence were not the best success measures; yet, sobriety and education were mentioned most often. CONCLUSIONS A key finding of this study, which has not been addressed in existing qualitative studies of youth recovery, is that the understanding of recovery was so diverse and multi-dimensional and provided a view of success beyond sobriety, highlighting the various facets from which practitioners must operate and address recovery. This demonstrates the need for researchers to carefully conceptualize how they operationalize adolescent recovery.
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Validation of a new patient-reported outcome instrument of health-related quality of life specific to patients with alcohol use disorder: the Alcohol Quality of Life Scale (AQoLS). Qual Life Res 2015; 25:1549-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-015-1190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Mawson E, Best D, Beckwith M, Dingle GA, Lubman DI. Social identity, social networks and recovery capital in emerging adulthood: A pilot study. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2015; 10:45. [PMID: 26560076 PMCID: PMC4642657 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-015-0041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background It has been argued that recovery from substance dependence relies on a change in identity, with past research focused on ‘personal identity’. This study assessed support for a social identity model of recovery in emerging adults through examining associations between social identity, social networks, recovery capital, and quality of life. Methods Twenty participants aged 18–21 in residential treatment for substance misuse were recruited from four specialist youth drug treatment services - three detoxification facilities and one psychosocial rehabilitation facility in Victoria, Australia. Participants completed a detailed social network interview exploring the substance use of groups in their social networks and measures of quality of life, recovery capital, and social identity. Results Lower group substance use was associated with higher recovery capital, stronger identification with non-using groups, and greater importance of non-using groups in the social network. Additionally, greater identification with and importance of non-using groups were associated with better environmental quality of life, whereas greater importance conferred on using groups was associated with reduced environmental quality of life. Conclusions Support was found for the role of social identity processes in reported recovery capital and quality of life. Future research in larger, longitudinal samples is required to improve understanding of social identity processes during treatment and early recovery and its relationship to recovery stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mawson
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - D Best
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Turning Point, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Law and Criminology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK.
| | - M Beckwith
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - G A Dingle
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. .,Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - D I Lubman
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Turning Point, Melbourne, Australia.
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Best D, McKitterick T, Beswick T, Savic M. Recovery Capital and Social Networks Among People in Treatment and Among Those in Recovery in York, England. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2015.1050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Parkman TJ, Lloyd C, Splisbury K. Self-Help Groups for Alcohol Dependency: A Scoping Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/1556035x.2015.1034824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Parkman TJ, Lloyd C. Mutual dependence and the “Goldilocks group”: exploring service user dependency on mutual aid recovery groups. DRUGS AND ALCOHOL TODAY 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/dat-01-2015-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the theme of dependence on mutual aid identified in a previous paper. It is a theme which to date, has had very little empirical attention, especially in a UK context.
Design/methodology/approach
– A phenomenological approach was adopted. Interviews with service users, mentors and professional staff involved with the Learning to Live Again project were undertaken over a ten-month period of data collection. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
Findings
– It was found that service users with very little access to recovery capital or social support are at risk of developing a dependency on mutual aid. Dependence seemed to manifest itself in two different forms – those that over engaged with the project and those that under engaged with the project. Consequently, there were a cohort of service users identified that seemed to strike a balance with the project and their life outside the project that was “just right”. They were referred to as the “Goldilocks group”.
Originality/value
– This paper explored a theme which has had very little attention paid to it. The theme of dependence on mutual aid will raise the awareness of such a threat, thus helping to identify those in treatment most at risk of developing dependency on mutual aid, thus detrimentally impacting on mental wellbeing.
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Dempsey JP, Harris KS, Shumway ST, Kimball TG, Herrera JC, Dsauza CM, Bradshaw SD. Functional near infrared spectroscopy as a potential biological assessment of addiction recovery: preliminary findings. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2015; 41:119-26. [DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2014.983273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kitty S. Harris
- Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies Program, Department of Community, Family, & Addiction Services, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sterling T. Shumway
- Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies Program, Department of Community, Family, & Addiction Services, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Thomas G. Kimball
- Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies Program, Department of Community, Family, & Addiction Services, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - J. Caleb Herrera
- Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies Program, Department of Community, Family, & Addiction Services, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Dsauza
- Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies Program, Department of Community, Family, & Addiction Services, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Spencer D. Bradshaw
- Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies Program, Department of Community, Family, & Addiction Services, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Giorgi I, Ottonello M, Vittadini G, Bertolotti G. Psychological changes in alcohol-dependent patients during a residential rehabilitation program. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015; 11:2989-96. [PMID: 26673839 PMCID: PMC4676624 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s93520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-dependent patients usually experience negative affects under the influence of alcohol, and these affective symptoms have been shown to decrease as a result of alcohol-withdrawal treatment. A recent cognitive-affective model suggests an interaction between drug motivation and affective symptoms. The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the psychological changes in subjects undergoing a residential rehabilitation program specifically designed for alcohol addiction, and to identify at discharge patients with greater affective symptoms and therefore more at risk of relapse. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample included 560 subjects (mean age 46.91±10.2 years) who completed 28-day rehabilitation programs for alcohol addiction, following a tailored routine characterized by short duration and high intensity of medical and psychotherapeutic treatment. The psychological clinical profiles of anxiety, depression, psychological distress, psychological well-being, and self-perception of a positive change were assessed using the Cognitive Behavioral Assessment - Outcome Evaluation questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of the program. The changes in the psychological variables of the questionnaire were identified and considered as outcome evaluation of the residential intervention. Moreover, differences in the psychological functioning between patients with different characteristics were investigated. RESULTS The score measured by the Cognitive Behavioral Assessment - Outcome Evaluation showed significant improvements in all the psychological characteristics assessed, and the profile at discharge was within the normal scores. Some significant differences were found in relation to specific characteristics of the sample, such as age, sex, level of education, type of intervention, and polysubstance use. CONCLUSION This study shows the changes in psychological profile in subjects undergoing residential rehabilitation from alcohol and how this profile may permit identification of subjects requiring more psychosocial support after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Giorgi
- Psychology Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcella Ottonello
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy ; Department of Medicine, PhD Program in Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Rehabilitation Medicine and Sport, Università di Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vittadini
- Alcohol Rehabilitation Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bertolotti
- Psychology Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Tradate, Italy
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Oscar-Berman M, Valmas MM, Sawyer KS, Ruiz SM, Luhar RB, Gravitz ZR. Profiles of impaired, spared, and recovered neuropsychologic processes in alcoholism. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2014; 125:183-210. [PMID: 25307576 PMCID: PMC4515358 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62619-6.00012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Long-term chronic alcoholism is associated with disparate and widespread residual consequences for brain functioning and behavior, and alcoholics suffer a variety of cognitive deficiencies and emotional abnormalities. Alcoholism has heterogeneous origins and outcomes, depending upon factors such as family history, age, gender, and mental or physical health. Consequently, the neuropsychologic profiles associated with alcoholism are not uniform among individuals. Moreover, within and across research studies, variability among subjects is substantial and contributes to characteristics associated with differential treatment outcomes after detoxification. In order to refine our understanding of alcoholism-related impaired, spared, and recovered abilities, we focus on five specific functional domains: (1) memory; (2) executive functions; (3) emotion and psychosocial skills; (4) visuospatial cognition; and (5) psychomotor abilities. Although the entire brain might be vulnerable in uncomplicated alcoholism, the brain systems that are considered to be most at risk are the frontocerebellar and mesocorticolimbic circuitries. Over time, with abstinence from alcohol, the brain appears to become reorganized to provide compensation for structural and behavioral deficits. By relying on a combination of clinical and scientific approaches, future research will help to refine the compensatory roles of healthy brain systems, the degree to which abstinence and treatment facilitate the reversal of brain atrophy and dysfunction, and the importance of individual differences to outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Oscar-Berman
- Boston University School of Medicine, L-815, 72 E. Newton St., Boston, MA 02118; ; telephone 617-638-4803
| | - Mary M. Valmas
- Boston University School of Medicine, L-815, 72 E. Newton St., Boston, MA 02118; ; telephone 617-638-4803
| | - Kayle S. Sawyer
- Boston University School of Medicine, L-815, 72 E. Newton St., Boston, MA 02118; ; telephone 617-638-4803
| | - Susan Mosher Ruiz
- Boston University School of Medicine, L-815, 72 E. Newton St., Boston, MA 02118; ; telephone 617-638-4803
| | - Riya B. Luhar
- Boston University School of Medicine, L-815, 72 E. Newton St., Boston, MA 02118; ; telephone 617-638-4803
| | - Zoe R. Gravitz
- Boston University School of Medicine, L-815, 72 E. Newton St., Boston, MA 02118; ; telephone 617-638-4803
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von Greiff N, Skogens L. The mechanisms of treatment – client and treatment staff perspectives on change during treatment for alcohol problems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/2156857x.2013.834840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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White WL, Malinowski Weingartner R, Levine M, Evans AC, Lamb R. Recovery Prevalence and Health Profile of People in Recovery: Results of a Southeastern Pennsylvania Survey on the Resolution of Alcohol and Other Drug Problems. J Psychoactive Drugs 2013; 45:287-96. [DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2013.825031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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van Melick M, McCartney D, Best D. Ongoing Recovery Support and Peer Networks: A Preliminary Investigation of Recovery Peer Supporters and Their Peers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/1556035x.2013.785211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Laudet AB. Rate and predictors of employment among formerly polysubstance dependent urban individuals in recovery. J Addict Dis 2012; 31:288-302. [PMID: 22873190 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2012.694604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Employment is a key functioning index in addiction services and consistently emerges as a goal among individuals in recovery. Research on the employment status in the addiction field has focused on treatment populations or welfare recipients; little is known of employment rates or their predictors among individuals in recovery. This study seeks to fill this gap, capitalizing on a sample (N = 311) of urban individuals at various stages of recovery. Fewer than half (44.5%) of participants were employed; in logistic regressions, male gender and Caucasian race enhanced the odds of employment, whereas having a comorbid chronic physical or mental health condition decreased the odds by half. Implications center on the need to identify effective strategies to enhance employability among women and minorities and for integrated care for individuals with multiple chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre B Laudet
- Center for the Study of Addictions and Recovery, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York 10010, USA.
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32
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Best D, Honor S, Karpusheff J, Loudon L, Hall R, Groshkova T, White W. Well-Being and Recovery Functioning among Substance Users Engaged in Posttreatment Recovery Support Groups. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2012.718956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Best DW, Groshkova T, Sadler J, Day E, White WL. What is Recovery? Functioning and Recovery Stories of Self-Identified People in Recovery in a Services User Group and Their Peer Networks in Birmingham England. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2011.586270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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BEST DAVID, GOW JANE, KNOX TONY, TAYLOR AVRIL, GROSHKOVA TEODORA, WHITE WILLIAM. Mapping the recovery stories of drinkers and drug users in Glasgow: Quality of life and its associations with measures of recovery capital. Drug Alcohol Rev 2011; 31:334-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00321.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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