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Kaliapan K, Mazlin SNA, Chua KO, Rejab NA, Mohd-Yusuf Y. Secreted in Xylem (SIX) genes in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) unravels the potential biomarkers for early detection of Fusarium wilt disease. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:271. [PMID: 38767679 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Secreted in Xylem (SIX) are small effector proteins released by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) into the plant's xylem sap disrupting the host's defence responses causing Fusarium wilt disease resulting in a significant decline in banana crop yields and economic losses. Notably, different races of Foc possess unique sets of SIX genes responsible for their virulence, however, these genes remain underutilized, despite their potential as biomarkers for early disease detection. Herein, we identified seven SIX genes i.e. SIX1, SIX2, SIX4, SIX6, SIX8a, SIX9a and SIX13 present in Foc Tropical Race 4 (FocTR4), while only SIX9b in Foc Race 1 (Foc1). Analysis of SIX gene expression in infected banana roots revealed differential patterns during infection providing valuable insights into host-pathogen interactions, virulence level, and early detection time points. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of virulent Foc1_C2HIR and FocTR4_C1HIR isolates yielded informative genomic insights. Hence, these discoveries contribute to our comprehension of potential disease control targets in these plants, as well as enhancing plant diagnostics and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausalyaa Kaliapan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nur Akmar Mazlin
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah Ooi Chua
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ardiyana Rejab
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yusmin Mohd-Yusuf
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Glami Lemi Biotechnology Research Centre Universiti Malaya, 71650, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Justine AK, Kaur N, Savita, Pati PK. Biotechnological interventions in banana: current knowledge and future prospects. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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James A, Paul JY, Souvan J, Cooper T, Dale J, Harding R, Deo P. Assessment of root-specific promoters in banana and tobacco and identification of a banana TIP2 promoter with strong root activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1009487. [PMID: 36275524 PMCID: PMC9581176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Genetic modification is one possible strategy to generate bananas (Musa spp.) with resistance to the soil-borne pathogen causing Fusarium wilt. The availability of banana root-specific promoters to target transgene expression to the sites of infection would be beneficial. We have assessed 18 promoter sequences derived from a range of plant species for their expression profiles in banana tissues to identify those with root-specific activity. Promoter sequences were isolated and fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene to assess their expression levels and tissue specificity in both banana and the model plant tobacco. Two heterologous promoters conferring high root expression levels in banana were identified, including a β-glucosidase 1 (GLU1) promoter from maize and the RB7-type tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP)-2 promoter from strawberry. Further, a novel Musa TIP2-2 promoter sequence was isolated and characterized which, when fused to the GUS gene, conferred very high GUS expression levels in banana roots. These promoters will expand the options for the control of gene expression in genetically modified bananas, providing a tool to develop plants with resistance not only to soil-borne diseases such as Fusarium wilt, but also for the improvement of other traits, such as nematode resistance, nutrition or abiotic stress resistance.
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Genome-Wide Analysis of the LRR-RLP Gene Family in a Wild Banana (Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis) Uncovers Multiple Fusarium Wilt Resistance Gene Candidates. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040638. [PMID: 35456444 PMCID: PMC9025879 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana is the most popular fruit in the world, with a relevant role in food security for more than 400 million people. However, fungal diseases cause substantial losses every year. A better understanding of the banana immune system should facilitate the development of new disease-resistant cultivars. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein (LRR-RLP) disease resistance gene family in a wild banana. We identified 78 LRR-RLP genes in the banana genome. Remarkably, seven MaLRR-RLPs formed a gene cluster in the distal part of chromosome 10, where resistance to Fusarium wilt caused by Foc race 1 has been previously mapped. Hence, we proposed these seven MaLRR-RLPs as resistance gene candidates (RGCs) for Fusarium wilt. We also identified seven other banana RGCs based on their close phylogenetic relationships with known LRR-RLP proteins. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of the banana, rice, and Arabidopsis LRR-RLP families revealed five major phylogenetic clades shared by these plant species. Finally, transcriptomic analysis of the MaLRR-RLP gene family in plants treated with Foc race 1 or Foc TR4 showed the expression of several members of this family, and some of them were upregulated in response to these Foc races. Our study provides novel insights into the structure, distribution, evolution, and expression of the LRR-RLP gene family in bananas as well as valuable RGCs that will facilitate the identification of disease resistance genes for the genetic improvement of this crop.
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Sun Y, Huang B, Cheng P, Li C, Chen Y, Li Y, Zheng L, Xing J, Dong Z, Yu G. Endophytic Bacillus subtilis TR21 Improves Banana Plant Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Promotes Root Growth by Upregulating the Jasmonate and Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Pathways. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:219-231. [PMID: 34231376 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-21-0159-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The banana (Musa spp.) industry experiences dramatic annual losses from Fusarium wilt of banana disease, which is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC). Pisang Awak banana 'Fenza No. 1' (Musa spp. cultivar Fenza No. 1), a major banana cultivar with high resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4, is considered to be ideal for growth in problematic areas. However, 'Fenza No. 1' is still affected by F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 in the field. TR21 is an endophytic Bacillus subtilis strain isolated from orchids (Dendrobium sp.). Axillary spraying of banana plants with TR21 controls Fusarium wilt of banana, decreasing the growth period and increasing yields in the field. In this study, we established that TR21 increases root growth in different monocotyledonous plant species. By axillary inoculation, TR21 induced a similar transcriptomic change as that induced by F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 but also upregulated the biosynthetic pathways for the phytohormones brassinosteroid and jasmonic acid in 'Fenza No. 1' root tissues, indicating that TR21 increases Fusarium wilt of banana resistance, shortens growth period, and increases yield of banana by inducing specific transcriptional reprogramming and modulating phytohormone levels. These findings will contribute to the identification of candidate genes related to plant resistance against fungi in a nonmodel system and facilitate further study and exploitation of endophytic biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Sun
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzhi Huang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunji Li
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Zhuhai Agricultural Sciences Research Center, Zhuhai 519075, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Li
- Zhuhai Agricultural Sciences Research Center, Zhuhai 519075, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zheng
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Juejun Xing
- Laboratory & Equipment Management Department, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyong Dong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohui Yu
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, People's Republic of China
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Wan Abdullah WMAN, Saidi NB, Yusof MT, Wee CY, Loh HS, Ong-Abdullah J, Lai KS. Vacuolar Processing Enzymes Modulating Susceptibility Response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Infections in Banana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:769855. [PMID: 35095950 PMCID: PMC8790485 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.769855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4) is a destructive necrotrophic fungal pathogen afflicting global banana production. Infection process involves the activation of programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, seven Musa acuminata vacuolar processing enzyme (MaVPE1-MaVPE7) genes associated with PCD were successfully identified. Phylogenetic analysis and tissue-specific expression categorized these MaVPEs into the seed and vegetative types. FocTR4 infection induced the majority of MaVPE expressions in the susceptible cultivar "Berangan" as compared to the resistant cultivar "Jari Buaya." Consistently, upon FocTR4 infection, high caspase-1 activity was detected in the susceptible cultivar, while low level of caspase-1 activity was recorded in the resistant cultivar. Furthermore, inhibition of MaVPE activities via caspase-1 inhibitor in the susceptible cultivar reduced tonoplast rupture, decreased lesion formation, and enhanced stress tolerance against FocTR4 infection. Additionally, the Arabidopsis VPE-null mutant exhibited higher tolerance to FocTR4 infection, indicated by reduced sporulation rate, low levels of H2O2 content, and high levels of cell viability. Comparative proteomic profiling analysis revealed increase in the abundance of cysteine proteinase in the inoculated susceptible cultivar, as opposed to cysteine proteinase inhibitors in the resistant cultivar. In conclusion, the increase in vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE)-mediated PCD played a crucial role in modulating susceptibility response during compatible interaction, which facilitated FocTR4 colonization in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor Baity Saidi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Termizi Yusof
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chien-Yeong Wee
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hwei-San Loh
- Faculty of Science, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Malaysia
- Biotechnology Research Centre, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Janna Ong-Abdullah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Liu J, Liu M, Wang J, Zhang J, Miao H, Wang Z, Jia C, Zhang J, Xu B, Jin Z. Transcription factor MaMADS36 plays a central role in regulating banana fruit ripening. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:7078-7091. [PMID: 34282447 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bananas are model fruits for studying starch conversion and climactericity. Starch degradation and ripening are two important biological processes that occur concomitantly in banana fruit. Ethylene biosynthesis and postharvest fruit ripening processes, i.e. starch degradation, fruit softening, and sugar accumulation, are highly correlated and thus could be controlled by a common regulatory switch. However, this switch has not been identified. In this study, we transformed red banana (Musa acuminata L.) with sense and anti-sense constructs of the MaMADS36 transcription factor gene (also MuMADS1, Ma05_g18560.1). Analysis of these lines showed that MaMADS36 interacts with 74 other proteins to form a co-expression network and could act as an important switch to regulate ethylene biosynthesis, starch degradation, softening, and sugar accumulation. Among these target genes, musa acuminata beta-amylase 9b (MaBAM9b, Ma05_t07800.1), which encodes a starch degradation enzyme, was selected to further investigate the regulatory mechanism of MaMADS36. Our findings revealed that MaMADS36 directly binds to the CA/T(r)G box of the MaBAM9b promoter to increase MaBAM9b transcription and, in turn, enzyme activity and starch degradation during ripening. These results will further our understanding of the fine regulatory mechanisms of MADS-box transcription factors in regulating fruit ripening, which can be applied to breeding programs to improve fruit shelf-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hongxia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Caihong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Biyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Rocha ADJ, Soares JMDS, Nascimento FDS, Santos AS, Amorim VBDO, Ferreira CF, Haddad F, dos Santos-Serejo JA, Amorim EP. Improvements in the Resistance of the Banana Species to Fusarium Wilt: A Systematic Review of Methods and Perspectives. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:249. [PMID: 33806239 PMCID: PMC8066237 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC), tropical race 4 (TR4), causes Fusarium wilt of banana, a pandemic that has threatened the cultivation and export trade of this fruit. This article presents the first systematic review of studies conducted in the last 10 years on the resistance of Musa spp. to Fusarium wilt. We evaluated articles deposited in different academic databases, using a standardized search string and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. We note that the information on the sequencing of the Musa sp. genome is certainly a source for obtaining resistant cultivars, mainly by evaluating the banana transcriptome data after infection with FOC. We also showed that there are sources of resistance to FOC race 1 (R1) and FOC TR4 in banana germplasms and that these data are the basis for obtaining resistant cultivars, although the published data are still scarce. In contrast, the transgenics approach has been adopted frequently. We propose harmonizing methods and protocols to facilitate the comparison of information obtained in different research centers and efforts based on global cooperation to cope with the disease. Thus, we offer here a contribution that may facilitate and direct research towards the production of banana resistant to FOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelita de Jesus Rocha
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.J.R.); (J.M.d.S.S.); (F.d.S.N.)
| | - Julianna Matos da Silva Soares
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.J.R.); (J.M.d.S.S.); (F.d.S.N.)
| | - Fernanda dos Santos Nascimento
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.J.R.); (J.M.d.S.S.); (F.d.S.N.)
| | | | | | - Claudia Fortes Ferreira
- Embrapa Cassava and Fruit, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Bahia, Brazil; (V.B.d.O.A.); (C.F.F.); (F.H.); (J.A.d.S.-S.)
| | - Fernando Haddad
- Embrapa Cassava and Fruit, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Bahia, Brazil; (V.B.d.O.A.); (C.F.F.); (F.H.); (J.A.d.S.-S.)
| | | | - Edson Perito Amorim
- Embrapa Cassava and Fruit, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Bahia, Brazil; (V.B.d.O.A.); (C.F.F.); (F.H.); (J.A.d.S.-S.)
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Win TT, Bo B, Malec P, Fu P. The effect of a consortium of Penicillium sp. and Bacillus spp. in suppressing banana fungal diseases caused by Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1890-1908. [PMID: 33694313 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study sought to utilize indigenous soil micro-organisms to suppress wilt-causing fungal pathogens of the banana. METHODS AND RESULTS Fungal pathogens were isolated from wilt-affected rhizospheric soil, and potential antagonistic bacterial strains were isolated from healthy rhizospheric soil in the same area from which fungal pathogens were isolated. The antifungal activity of isolated micro-organisms against fungal pathogens was studied both in vitro and in vivo against fungal pathogens. It was found that Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria sp. were pathogenic, while Penicillium sp., Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus subtilis were antagonistic. Moreover, it was seen that B. velezensis, B. subtilis and Penicillium sp. inhibited the growth of the two fungal pathogens in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Further investigation indicated that B. velezensis, B. subtilis and Penicillium sp. were able to produce enzymatic antifungal compounds (chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase). The spray application around rhizome revealed that a combination of Bacillus spp. and Penicillium sp. in greenhouse conditions gave the highest reduction in disease severity by up to 60% to both fungal pathogens among the treatments. CONCLUSIONS Banana disease is seen to be induced not only by F. oxysporum but also by Alternaria sp. The isolated indigenous micro-organisms can effectively control both the pathogens. The combination of isolated antagonistic micro-organisms has thus demonstrated substantial potential for suppressing banana disease. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY An antagonistic consortium isolated in this study has demonstrated remarkable potential for controlling fungal diseases caused by Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. Therefore, the use of indigenous microflora to improve disease suppression of banana plants against soil-borne pathogens is a preferable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Win
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.,Biotechnology Research Department, Ministry of Education, Kyaukse, 05151, Myanmar
| | - B Bo
- Biotechnology Research Department, Ministry of Education, Kyaukse, 05151, Myanmar
| | - P Malec
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - P Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Wang X, Yu R, Li J. Using Genetic Engineering Techniques to Develop Banana Cultivars With Fusarium Wilt Resistance and Ideal Plant Architecture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:617528. [PMID: 33519876 PMCID: PMC7838362 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.617528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bananas (Musa spp.) are an important fruit crop worldwide. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), which causes Fusarium wilt, is widely regarded as one of the most damaging plant diseases. Fusarium wilt has previously devastated global banana production and continues to do so today. In addition, due to the current use of high-density banana plantations, desirable banana varieties with ideal plant architecture (IPA) possess high lodging resistance, optimum photosynthesis, and efficient water absorption. These properties may help to increase banana production. Genetic engineering is useful for the development of banana varieties with Foc resistance and ideal plant architecture due to the sterility of most cultivars. However, the sustained immune response brought about by genetic engineering is always accompanied by yield reductions. To resolve this problem, we should perform functional genetic studies of the Musa genome, in conjunction with genome editing experiments, to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response and the formation of plant architecture in the banana. Further explorations of the genes associated with Foc resistance and ideal architecture might lead to the development of banana varieties with both ideal architecture and pathogen super-resistance. Such varieties will help the banana to remain a staple food worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Renbo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Research Center, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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11
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Sunisha C, Sowmya HD, Usharani TR, Umesha M, Gopalkrishna HR, Sriram S. Induction of Ced9 mediated anti-apoptosis in commercial banana cultivar Rasthali for stable resistance against Fusarium wilt. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:371. [PMID: 32832331 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-apoptotic gene Ced-9 enhanced resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in the susceptible banana cultivar Rasthali by arresting tissue necrosis. The embryogenic cell suspension of banana cultivar Rasthali was stably transformed with Ced-9 gene and transformed lines were regenerated independently. The putative transgenic lines were analyzed with PCR using gene primers and further subjected to Southern blot to estimate copy number. The root-challenge bioassay with Foc showed 17-51% Vascular Discoloration Index in independent transformants compared to untransformed banana cv Rasthali (98% VDI). Four transgenic events showed a higher level of resistance over a period of 6 months. Overcoming tissue necrosis is the most ideal method to avoid Fusarium multiplication and spread in banana. Oxidative stress-induced cell necrosis is prevented by the activation of antiapoptotic pathways by Ced-9 and is proving to be an effective method to control this dreaded disease. This is the first report from India on the generation of transgenic banana cultivar Rasthali expressing antiapoptotic Ced-9 gene for resistance to Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sunisha
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Centre for Postgraduate Studies, Jain University, Bangalore, India
| | - H D Sowmya
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - T R Usharani
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - M Umesha
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - H R Gopalkrishna
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - S Sriram
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
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Sunisha C, Sowmya HD, Usharani TR, Umesha M, Gopalkrishna HR, Saxena A. Deployment of Stacked Antimicrobial Genes in Banana for Stable Tolerance Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Through Genetic Transformation. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 62:8-17. [PMID: 31667713 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced tolerance to wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) was achieved in banana variety Rasthali (AAB) by the transformation of embryogenic cells with two antimicrobial genes viz., Ace-AMP1 and pflp using Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The transgene copy numbers in stable transformants were confirmed by Southern analysis. The expression of stacked genes in the transgenic lines was validated by RT-PCR as well as Northern analysis. Bioassay using Foc race 1 in pot culture experiments demonstrated enhanced tolerance after 180 days of planting. Two independent transformants showed 10-20% Vascular Discoloration Index compared to untransformed banana cv. Rasthali (96%). The stacked lines revealed higher activity of Super Oxide Dismutase and Peroxidase compared to untransformed control which depicted higher tolerance to oxidative stress caused by Foc infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sunisha
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Centre for Post-Graduate Studies, Jain University, Bangalore, India
| | - H D Sowmya
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089, India
| | - T R Usharani
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089, India.
| | - M Umesha
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089, India
| | - H R Gopalkrishna
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089, India
| | - Arvindkumar Saxena
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089, India
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13
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14
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Tripathi L, Ntui VO, Tripathi JN. Application of genetic modification and genome editing for developing climate‐smart banana. Food Energy Secur 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leena Tripathi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Nairobi Kenya
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15
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RNAi-mediated protection against banana diseases and pests. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:112. [PMID: 30863696 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pests and pathogens restrict the production potential of many crop plants. The losses incurred due to pests and diseases are huge threatening food security. Management strategies include use of chemical pesticides which can be detrimental to human health and environment and other physical and biological methods which have serious limitations. An alternative would be to utilize the advanced technology such as RNA interference (RNAi) to engineer disease resistance in crop plants. The phenomenon of RNAi is very well studied in organisms across genera and found to be conserved. Taking advantage of this, dsRNAs have been delivered into pests and pathogens and showed significant growth inhibition. Banana is susceptible to various groups of pathogens which results in poor yield. The proof-of-principle studies using RNAi technology have already been demonstrated in banana to develop resistance to two important groups of pathogens. Transgenic banana plants expressing small interfering RNA targeting BBTV and Fusarium pathogen have shown high level of resistance. In this review, we summarize and discuss the studies utilizing RNAi as a strategy to develop resistance to major banana diseases and encourage further research in exploiting RNAi-based resistance in other crop plants.
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An integrated analysis of mRNA and sRNA transcriptional profiles in tomato root: Insights on tomato wilt disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206765. [PMID: 30395631 PMCID: PMC6218063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) is a worldwide destructive disease of tomato. As exploring gene expression and function approaches constitute an initial point for investigating pathogen-host interaction, we performed RNA-seq and sRNA-seq analysis to investigate the transcriptome of tomato root under FOL infection. Differentially expressed (DE) protein-coding gene and miRNA gene profiles upon inoculation with FOL were presented at twenty-four hours post-inoculation in four treatments. A total of more than 182.6 million and 132.2 million high quality clean reads were obtained by RNA-seq and sRNA-seq, respectively. A large overlap was found in DE mRNAs between susceptible cultivar Moneymaker and resistant cultivar Motelle. Gene Ontology terms were mainly classified into catalytic activity, metabolic process and binding. Combining with qRT-PCR and Northern blot, we validated the transcriptional profile of five genes and five miRNAs conferred to FOL infection. Our work allowed comprehensive understanding of different transcriptional reaction of genes/miRNAs between the susceptible and resistant cultivars tomato to the FOL challenge, which could offer us with a future direction to generate models of mediated resistance responses.
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Zhu X, Zhao J, Abbas HMK, Liu Y, Cheng M, Huang J, Cheng W, Wang B, Bai C, Wang G, Dong W. Pyramiding of nine transgenes in maize generates high-level resistance against necrotrophic maize pathogens. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:2145-2156. [PMID: 30006836 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Key message Nine transgenes from different categories, viz. plant defense response genes and anti-apoptosis genes, played combined roles in maize to inhibit the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis. Maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight are major global threats to maize production. The management of these necrotrophic pathogens has encountered limited success due to the characteristics of their lifestyle. Here, we presented a transgenic pyramiding breeding strategy to achieve nine different resistance genes integrated in one transgenic maize line to combat different aspects of necrotrophic pathogens. These nine genes, selected from two different categories, plant defense response genes (Chi, Glu, Ace-AMP1, Tlp, Rs-AFP2, ZmPROPEP1 and Pti4), and anti-apoptosis genes (Iap and p35), were successfully transferred into maize and further implicated in resistance against the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis. Furthermore, the transgenic maize line 910, with high expression levels of the nine integrated genes, was selected from 49 lines. Under greenhouse and field trial conditions, line 910 showed significant resistance against maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight diseases. Higher-level resistance was obtained after the pyramiding of more resistance transgenes from different categories that function via different mechanisms. The present study provides a successful strategy for the management of necrotrophic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Millet Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changzhi, 046011, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Abbas
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Street of Zhongguancun 12, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Menglan Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jue Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cuiying Bai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Street of Zhongguancun 12, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wubei Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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Dale J, James A, Paul JY, Khanna H, Smith M, Peraza-Echeverria S, Garcia-Bastidas F, Kema G, Waterhouse P, Mengersen K, Harding R. Transgenic Cavendish bananas with resistance to Fusarium wilt tropical race 4. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1496. [PMID: 29133817 PMCID: PMC5684404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.) is a staple food for more than 400 million people. Over 40% of world production and virtually all the export trade is based on Cavendish banana. However, Cavendish banana is under threat from a virulent fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (TR4) for which no acceptable resistant replacement has been identified. Here we report the identification of transgenic Cavendish with resistance to TR4. In our 3-year field trial, two lines of transgenic Cavendish, one transformed with RGA2, a gene isolated from a TR4-resistant diploid banana, and the other with a nematode-derived gene, Ced9, remain disease free. Transgene expression in the RGA2 lines is strongly correlated with resistance. Endogenous RGA2 homologs are also present in Cavendish but are expressed tenfold lower than that in our most resistant transgenic line. The expression of these homologs can potentially be elevated through gene editing, to provide non-transgenic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Dale
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Anthony James
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jean-Yves Paul
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Harjeet Khanna
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Sugar Research Australia, Indooroopilly, 4068, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark Smith
- Darwin Banana Farming Company, Lambells Lagoon, 0822, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Santy Peraza-Echeverria
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Unidad de Biotecnologia Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, Merida, 97205, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Fernando Garcia-Bastidas
- Wageningen University and Research Centre, Plant Research International, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Kema
- Wageningen University and Research Centre, Plant Research International, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Waterhouse
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kerrie Mengersen
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert Harding
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia
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Migicovsky Z, Myles S. Exploiting Wild Relatives for Genomics-assisted Breeding of Perennial Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:460. [PMID: 28421095 PMCID: PMC5379136 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Perennial crops are vital contributors to global food production and nutrition. However, the breeding of new perennial crops is an expensive and time-consuming process due to the large size and lengthy juvenile phase of many species. Genomics provides a valuable tool for improving the efficiency of breeding by allowing progeny possessing a trait of interest to be selected at the seed or seedling stage through marker-assisted selection (MAS). The benefits of MAS to a breeder are greatest when the targeted species takes a long time to reach maturity and is expensive to grow and maintain. Thus, MAS holds particular promise in perennials since they are often costly and time-consuming to grow to maturity and evaluate. Well-characterized germplasm that breeders can tap into for improving perennials is often limited in genetic diversity. Wild relatives are a largely untapped source of desirable traits including disease resistance, fruit quality, and rootstock characteristics. This review focuses on the use of genomics-assisted breeding in perennials, especially as it relates to the introgression of useful traits from wild relatives. The identification of genetic markers predictive of beneficial phenotypes derived from wild relatives is hampered by genomic tools designed for domesticated species that are often ill-suited for use in wild relatives. There is therefore an urgent need for better genomic resources from wild relatives. A further barrier to exploiting wild diversity through genomics is the phenotyping bottleneck: well-powered genetic mapping requires accurate and cost-effective characterization of large collections of diverse wild germplasm. While genomics will always be used in combination with traditional breeding methods, it is a powerful tool for accelerating the speed and reducing the costs of breeding while harvesting the potential of wild relatives for improving perennial crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Migicovsky
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University,Truro, NS, Canada
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21
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Liu J, Gao P, Sun X, Zhang J, Sun P, Wang J, Jia C, Zhang J, Hu W, Xu B, Jin Z. Efficient regeneration and genetic transformation platform applicable to five Musa varieties. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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22
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Dwivany FM, Esyanti RR, Pratiwi A'S, Zaskia H. Expression Study of Banana Pathogenic Resistance Genes. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjb.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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23
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Gaguancela OA, Zúñiga LP, Arias AV, Halterman D, Flores FJ, Johansen IE, Wang A, Yamaji Y, Verchot J. The IRE1/bZIP60 Pathway and Bax Inhibitor 1 Suppress Systemic Accumulation of Potyviruses and Potexviruses in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana Plants. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:750-766. [PMID: 27578623 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-16-0147-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The inositol requiring enzyme (IRE1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor. When activated, it splices the bZIP60 mRNA, producing a truncated transcription factor that upregulates genes involved in the unfolded protein response. Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is another ER stress sensor that regulates cell death in response to environmental assaults. The potyvirus 6K2 and potexvirus TGB3 proteins are known to reside in the ER, serving, respectively, as anchors for the viral replicase and movement protein complex. This study used green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), Potato virus Y (PVY), and Potato virus X (PVX) to determine that the IRE1/bZIP60 pathway and BI-1 machinery are induced early in virus infection in Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana benthamiana, and Solanum tuberosum. Agrodelivery of only the potyvirus 6K2 or TGB3 genes into plant cells activated bZIP60 and BI-1 expression in Arabidopsis thaliana, N. benthamiana, and S. tuberosum. Homozygous ire1a-2, ire1b-4, and ire1a-2/ire1b-4 mutant Arabidopsis plants were inoculated with TuMV-GFP or PlAMV-GFP. PlAMV accumulates to a higher level in ire1a-2 or ire1a-2/ire1b-4 mutant plants than in ire1b-4 or wild-type plants. TuMV-GFP accumulates to a higher level in ire1a-2, ire1b-4, or ire1a-2/ire1b-4 compared with wild-type plants, suggesting that both isoforms contribute to TuMV-GFP infection. Gene silencing was used to knock down bZIP60 and BI-1 expression in N. benthamiana. PVX-GFP and PVY-GFP accumulation was significantly elevated in these silenced plants compared with control plants. This study demonstrates that two ER stress pathways, namely IRE1/bZIP60 and the BI-1 pathway, limit systemic accumulation of potyvirus and potexvirus infection. Silencing BI-1 expression also resulted in systemic necrosis. These data suggest that ER stress-activated pathways, led by IRE1 and BI-1, respond to invading potyvirus and potexviruses to restrict virus infection and enable physiological changes enabling plants to tolerate virus assault.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Arias Gaguancela
- 1 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
| | - Lizbeth Peña Zúñiga
- 1 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
| | - Alexis Vela Arias
- 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Dennis Halterman
- 3 Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture ARS, Madison, WI, U.S.A
| | - Francisco Javier Flores
- 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Ida Elisabeth Johansen
- 4 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Aiming Wang
- 5 Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, AAFC, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada; and
| | - Yasuyuki Yamaji
- 6 Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jeanmarie Verchot
- 1 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
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Zhuang J, Coates CJ, Mao Q, Wu Z, Xie L. The antagonistic effect of Banana bunchy top virus multifunctional protein B4 against Fusarium oxysporum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:669-679. [PMID: 26369403 PMCID: PMC6638366 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The viral-induced banana bunchy top disease and the fungal-induced banana blight are two major causes of concern for industrial scale production of bananas. Banana blight is particularly troublesome, affecting ∼80% of crops worldwide. Strict guidelines and protocols are in place in order to ameliorate the effects of this devastating disease, yet little success has been achieved. From the data presented here, we have found that Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV)-infected bananas are more resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). BBTV appears to be antagonistic towards Foc, thus improving the survivability of plants against blight. The BBTV suppressor of RNA silencing, namely protein B4, displays fungicidal properties in vitro. Furthermore, transgenic tomatoes expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged protein B4 demonstrate enhanced resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). Differential gene expression analysis indicates that increased numbers of photogenesis-related gene transcripts are present in dark-green leaves of B4-GFP-modified tomato plants relative to those found in WT plants. Conversely, the transcript abundance of immunity-related genes is substantially lower in transgenic tomatoes compared with WT plants, suggesting that plant defences may be influenced by protein B4. This viral-fungal interaction provides new insights into microbial community dynamics within a single host and has potential commercial value for the breeding of transgenic resistance to Fusarium-related blight/wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Christopher J Coates
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Qianzhuo Mao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zujian Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lianhui Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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25
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Belowground Defence Strategies Against Fusarium oxysporum. BELOWGROUND DEFENCE STRATEGIES IN PLANTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42319-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the world's most important fruits. In 2011, 145 million metric tons, worth an estimated $44 billion, were produced in over 130 countries. Fusarium wilt (also known as Panama disease) is one of the most destructive diseases of this crop. It devastated the 'Gros Michel'-based export trades before the mid-1900s, and threatens the Cavendish cultivars that were used to replace it; in total, the latter cultivars are now responsible for approximately 45% of all production. An overview of the disease and its causal agent, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is presented below. Despite a substantial positive literature on biological, chemical, or cultural measures, management is largely restricted to excluding F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense from noninfested areas and using resistant cultivars where the pathogen has established. Resistance to Fusarium wilt is poor in several breeding targets, including important dessert and cooking cultivars. Better resistance to this and other diseases is needed. The history and impact of Fusarium wilt is summarized with an emphasis on tropical race 4 (TR4), a 'Cavendish'-killing variant of the pathogen that has spread dramatically in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy C Ploetz
- University of Florida, Tropical Research & Education Center, 18905 SW 280th Street, Homestead 33031-3314
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27
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Ordonez N, Seidl MF, Waalwijk C, Drenth A, Kilian A, Thomma BPHJ, Ploetz RC, Kema GHJ. Worse Comes to Worst: Bananas and Panama Disease--When Plant and Pathogen Clones Meet. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005197. [PMID: 26584184 PMCID: PMC4652896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ordonez
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael F. Seidl
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Waalwijk
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - André Drenth
- Centre for Plant Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrzej Kilian
- Diversity Arrays Technology, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Randy C. Ploetz
- University of Florida, IFAS, Department of Plant Pathology, Tropical Research & Education Center, Homestead, Florida, United States of America
| | - Gert H. J. Kema
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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28
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Tan D, Fu L, Han B, Sun X, Zheng P, Zhang J. Identification of an Endophytic Antifungal Bacterial Strain Isolated from the Rubber Tree and Its Application in the Biological Control of Banana Fusarium Wilt. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131974. [PMID: 26133557 PMCID: PMC4489675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana Fusarium wilt (also known as Panama disease) is one of the most disastrous plant diseases. Effective control methods are still under exploring. The endophytic bacterial strain ITBB B5-1 was isolated from the rubber tree, and identified as Serratia marcescens by morphological, biochemical, and phylogenetic analyses. This strain exhibited a high potential for biological control against the banana Fusarium disease. Visual agar plate assay showed that ITBB B5-1 restricted the mycelial growth of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC4). Microscopic observation revealed that the cell wall of the FOC4 mycelium close to the co-cultured bacterium was partially decomposed, and the conidial formation was prohibited. The inhibition ratio of the culture fluid of ITBB B5-1 against the pathogenic fungus was 95.4% as estimated by tip culture assay. Chitinase and glucanase activity was detected in the culture fluid, and the highest activity was obtained at Day 2 and Day 3 of incubation for chitinase and glucanase, respectively. The filtrated cell-free culture fluid degraded the cell wall of FOC4 mycelium. These results indicated that chitinase and glucanase were involved in the antifungal mechanism of ITBB B5-1. The potted banana plants that were inoculated with ITBB B5-1 before infection with FOC4 showed 78.7% reduction in the disease severity index in the green house experiments. In the field trials, ITBB B5-1 showed a control effect of approximately 70.0% against the disease. Therefore, the endophytic bacterial strain ITBB B5-1 could be applied in the biological control of banana Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguan Tan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571101, China
| | - Lili Fu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571101, China
| | - Bingyin Han
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571101, China
| | - Xuepiao Sun
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571101, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Lijiang Teachers College, Lijiang, Yunnan Province, 674110, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571101, China
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Peng J, Zhang H, Chen F, Zhang X, Xie Y, Hou X, Li G, Pu J. Rapid and quantitative detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 in soil by real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1740-9. [PMID: 25200557 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, a real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RealAmp) was developed and evaluated for the rapid and quantitative detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (R4) in soil. METHODS AND RESULTS The LAMP primer set was designed based on previously verified RAPD marker sequences, and the RealAmp assay could specifically detect and distinguish R4 isolates from other related species. The detection sensitivity of the RealAmp assay was approx. 3·82 × 10(3) copies of plasmid DNA or 10(3) of spores per gram in artificially infested soil, indicating that the method is highly tolerant to inhibitor substances in soil compared to real-time PCR. Combining previously published TR4-specific detection methods with the newly established R4-specific RealAmp assay, an indirect approach to detect and differentiate ST4 isolates was achieved by comparing the detection results of R4 and TR4 simultaneously. The existence of ST4 isolates in China was subsequently confirmed through the developed approach. CONCLUSION The developed RealAmp assay has been confirmed to be a simple, rapid and effective method to detect R4 in soil, which facilitates to further identify and distinguish ST4 isolates through the comparative analysis of detection results between TR4 and R4 simultaneously. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The technique is an alternative quantitative detection method, which will be used for a routine detection service for the soil-borne pathogen in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Rubber Biology, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
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Activation of salicylic acid metabolism and signal transduction can enhance resistance to Fusarium wilt in banana (Musa acuminata L. AAA group, cv. Cavendish). Funct Integr Genomics 2014; 15:47-62. [PMID: 25277445 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-014-0402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubens (Foc) is the most serious disease that attacks banana plants. Salicylic acid (SA) can play a key role in plant-microbe interactions. Our study is the first to examine the role of SA in conferring resistance to Foc TR4 in banana (Musa acuminata L. AAA group, cv. Cavendish), which is the greatest commercial importance cultivar in Musa. We used quantitative real-time reverse polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze the expression profiles of 45 genes related to SA biosynthesis and downstream signaling pathways in a susceptible banana cultivar (cv. Cavendish) and a resistant banana cultivar (cv. Nongke No. 1) inoculated with Foc TR4. The expression of genes involved in SA biosynthesis and downstream signaling pathways was suppressed in a susceptible cultivar and activated in a resistant cultivar. The SA levels in each treatment arm were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. SA levels were decreased in the susceptible cultivar and increased in the resistant cultivar. Finally, we examined the contribution of exogenous SA to Foc TR4 resistance in susceptible banana plants. The expression of genes involved in SA biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways as well as SA levels were significantly increased. The results suggest that one reason for banana susceptibility to Foc TR4 is that expression of genes involved in SA biosynthesis and SA levels are suppressed and that the induced resistance observed in banana against Foc TR4 might be a case of salicylic acid-dependent systemic acquired resistance.
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Dang TVT, Windelinckx S, Henry IM, De Coninck B, Cammue BPA, Swennen R, Remy S. Assessment of RNAi-induced silencing in banana (Musa spp.). BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:655. [PMID: 25230584 PMCID: PMC4177175 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plants, RNA- based gene silencing mediated by small RNAs functions at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level to negatively regulate target genes, repetitive sequences, viral RNAs and/or transposon elements. Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) or the RNA interference (RNAi) approach has been achieved in a wide range of plant species for inhibiting the expression of target genes by generating double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). However, to our knowledge, successful RNAi-application to knock-down endogenous genes has not been reported in the important staple food crop banana. RESULTS Using embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) transformed with ß-glucuronidase (GUS) as a model system, we assessed silencing of gusAINT using three intron-spliced hairpin RNA (ihpRNA) constructs containing gusAINT sequences of 299-nt, 26-nt and 19-nt, respectively. Their silencing potential was analysed in 2 different experimental set-ups. In the first, Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation of banana ECS with a gusAINT containing vector and an ihpRNA construct resulted in a significantly reduced GUS enzyme activity 6-8 days after co-cultivation with either the 299-nt and 19-nt ihpRNA vectors. In the second approach, these ihpRNA constructs were transferred to stable GUS-expressing ECS and their silencing potential was evaluated in the regenerated in vitro plants. In comparison to control plants, transgenic plants transformed with the 299-nt gusAINT targeting sequence showed a 4.5 fold down-regulated gusA mRNA expression level, while GUS enzyme activity was reduced by 9 fold. Histochemical staining of plant tissues confirmed these findings. Northern blotting used to detect the expression of siRNA in the 299-nt ihpRNA vector transgenic in vitro plants revealed a negative relationship between siRNA expression and GUS enzyme activity. In contrast, no reduction in GUS activity or GUS mRNA expression occurred in the regenerated lines transformed with either of the two gusAINT oligo target sequences (26-nt and 19-nt). CONCLUSIONS RNAi-induced silencing was achieved in banana, both at transient and stable level, resulting in significant reduction of gene expression and enzyme activity. The success of silencing was dependent on the targeted region of the target gene. The successful generation of transgenic ECS for second transformation with (an)other construct(s) can be of value for functional genomics research in banana.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Feasibility Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Glucuronidase/genetics
- Glucuronidase/metabolism
- Musa/embryology
- Musa/enzymology
- Musa/genetics
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/embryology
- Plants, Genetically Modified/enzymology
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Plant/genetics
- RNA, Plant/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuong Vi T Dang
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saskia Windelinckx
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle M Henry
- />Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, U.C.Davis, 451 E. Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Barbara De Coninck
- />Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno PA Cammue
- />Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rony Swennen
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />Bioversity International, Willem de Croylaan 42 bus 2455, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 10, Duluti, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Serge Remy
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Ghag SB, Shekhawat UKS, Ganapathi TR. Native cell-death genes as candidates for developing wilt resistance in transgenic banana plants. AOB PLANTS 2014; 6:plu037. [PMID: 24996429 PMCID: PMC4122335 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plu037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to feed an ever-increasing world population, there is an urgent need to improve the production of staple food and fruit crops. The productivity of important food and fruit crops is constrained by numerous biotic and abiotic factors. The cultivation of banana, which is an important fruit crop, is severely threatened by Fusarium wilt disease caused by infestation by an ascomycetes fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Since there are no established edible cultivars of banana resistant to all the pathogenic races of Foc, genetic engineering is the only option for the generation of resistant cultivars. Since Foc is a hemibiotrophic fungus, investigations into the roles played by different cell-death-related genes in the progression of Foc infection on host banana plants are important. Towards this goal, three such genes namely MusaDAD1, MusaBAG1 and MusaBI1 were identified in banana. The study of their expression pattern in banana cells in response to Foc inoculation (using Foc cultures or fungal toxins like fusaric acid and beauvericin) indicated that they were indeed differentially regulated by fungal inoculation. Among the three genes studied, MusaBAG1 showed the highest up-regulation upon Foc inoculation. Further, in order to characterize these genes in the context of Foc infection in banana, we generated transgenic banana plants constitutively overexpressing the three genes that were later subjected to Foc bioassays in a contained greenhouse. Among the three groups of transgenics tested, transformed banana plants overexpressing MusaBAG1 demonstrated the best resistance towards Foc infection. Further, these plants also showed the highest relative overexpression of the transgene (MusaBAG1) among the three groups of transformed plants generated. Our study showed for the first time that native genes like MusaBAG1 can be used to develop transgenic banana plants with efficient resistance towards pathogens like Foc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhesh B Ghag
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Upendra K Singh Shekhawat
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Thumballi R Ganapathi
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
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Andolfo G, Ferriello F, Tardella L, Ferrarini A, Sigillo L, Frusciante L, Ercolano MR. Tomato genome-wide transcriptional responses to Fusarium wilt and Tomato Mosaic Virus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94963. [PMID: 24804963 PMCID: PMC4012952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since gene expression approaches constitute a starting point for investigating plant–pathogen systems, we performed a transcriptional analysis to identify a set of genes of interest in tomato plants infected with F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) and Tomato Mosaic Virus (ToMV). Differentially expressed tomato genes upon inoculation with Fol and ToMV were identified at two days post-inoculation. A large overlap was found in differentially expressed genes throughout the two incompatible interactions. However, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis evidenced specific categories in both interactions. Response to ToMV seems more multifaceted, since more than 70 specific categories were enriched versus the 30 detected in Fol interaction. In particular, the virus stimulated the production of an invertase enzyme that is able to redirect the flux of carbohydrates, whereas Fol induced a homeostatic response to prevent the fungus from killing cells. Genomic mapping of transcripts suggested that specific genomic regions are involved in resistance response to pathogen. Coordinated machinery could play an important role in prompting the response, since 60% of pathogen receptor genes (NB-ARC-LRR, RLP, RLK) were differentially regulated during both interactions. Assessment of genomic gene expression patterns could help in building up models of mediated resistance responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Andolfo
- Department of Agriculture Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Portici, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferriello
- Department of Agriculture Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Portici, Italy
| | - Luca Tardella
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferrarini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie - Università degli Studi di Verona, Strada le Grazie, Verona, Italy
| | - Loredana Sigillo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura - Centro di sperimentazione e certificazione delle sementi (CRA-SCS) S.S., Battipaglia (SA), Roma, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agriculture Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Portici, Italy
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Swarupa V, Ravishankar KV, Rekha A. Plant defense response against Fusarium oxysporum and strategies to develop tolerant genotypes in banana. PLANTA 2014; 239:735-51. [PMID: 24420701 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-2024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil-borne fungal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum causes major economic losses by inducing necrosis and wilting symptoms in many crop plants. Management of fusarium wilt is achieved mainly by the use of chemical fungicides which affect the soil health and their efficiency is often limited by pathogenic variability. Hence understanding the nature of interaction between pathogen and host may help to select and improve better cultivars. Current research evidences highlight the role of oxidative burst and antioxidant enzymes indicating that ROS act as an important signaling molecule in banana defense response against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. The role of jasmonic acid signaling in plant defense against necrotrophic pathogens is well recognized. But recent studies show that the role of salicylic acid is complex and ambiguous against necrotrophic pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum, leading to many intriguing questions about its relationship between other signaling compounds. In case of banana, a major challenge is to identify specific receptors for effector proteins like SIX proteins and also the components of various signal transduction pathways. Significant progress has been made to uncover the role of defense genes but is limited to only model plants such as Arabidopsis and tomato. Keeping this in view, we review the host response, pathogen diversity, current understanding of biochemical and molecular changes that occur during host and pathogen interaction. Developing resistant cultivars through mutation, breeding, transgenic and cisgenic approaches have been discussed. This would help us to understand host defenses against Fusarium oxysporum and to formulate strategies to develop tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Swarupa
- Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru, 560089, India
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Ortiz R, Swennen R. From crossbreeding to biotechnology-facilitated improvement of banana and plantain. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:158-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Pu J, Qi Y, Yu Q, Xie Y, Peng J. Development of a real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and quantitative detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in soil. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82841. [PMID: 24376590 PMCID: PMC3869718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt (Panama disease), is one of the most devastating diseases of banana (Musa spp.). The Foc tropical race 4 (TR4) is currently known as a major concern in global banana production. No effective resistance is known in Musa to Foc, and no effective measures for controlling Foc once banana plants have been infected in place. Early and accurate detection of Foc TR4 is essential to protect banana industry and guide banana planting. A real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (RealAmp) was developed for the rapid and quantitative detection of Foc TR4 in soil. The detection limit of the RealAmp assay was approximately 0.4 pg/µl plasmid DNA when mixed with extracted soil DNA or 10(3) spores/g of artificial infested soil, and no cross-reaction with other relative pathogens were observed. The RealAmp assay for quantifying genomic DNA of TR4 was confirmed by testing both artificially and naturally infested samples. Quantification of the soil-borne pathogen DNA of Foc TR4 in naturally infested samples was no significant difference compared to classic real-time PCR (P>0.05). Additionally, RealAmp assay was visual with an improved closed-tube visual detection system by adding SYBR Green I fluorescent dye to the inside of the lid prior to amplification, which avoided the inhibitory effects of the stain on DNA amplification and makes the assay more convenient in the field and could thus become a simple, rapid and effective technique that has potential as an alternative tool for the detection and monitoring of Foc TR4 in field, which would be a routine DNA-based testing service for the soil-borne pathogen in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - He Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jinji Pu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Yanxiang Qi
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Qunfang Yu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Yixian Xie
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang H, Mallik A, Zeng RS. Control of Panama disease of banana by rotating and intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): role of plant volatiles. J Chem Ecol 2013; 39:243-52. [PMID: 23355016 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-013-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Intercropping and rotating banana (Musa spp.) with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) has been used as an effective method to control Panama disease (Fusarium wilt) of banana in South China. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we used aqueous leachates and volatiles from Chinese chive to evaluate their antimicrobial activity on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC), the causal agent of Panama disease in banana, and identified the antifungal compounds. Both leaf and root leachates of Chinese chive displayed strong inhibition against FOC, but the concentrated leachates showed lower inhibition than the original leachates. In a sealed system volatiles emitted from the leaves and roots of Chinese chive inhibited mycelial growth of FOC. Volatile compounds emitted from the intact growing roots mimicking natural environment inhibited spore germination of FOC. We identified five volatiles including 2-methyl-2-pentenal and four organosulfur compounds (dimethyl trisulfide, dimethyl disulfide, dipropyl disulfide, and dipropyl trisulfide) from the leaves and roots of Chinese chive. All these compounds exhibited inhibitory effects on FOC, but 2-methyl-2-pentenal and dimethyl trisulfide showed stronger inhibition than the other three compounds. 2-Methyl-2-pentenal at 50-100 μl/l completely inhibited the mycelial growth of FOC. Our results demonstrate that antifungal volatiles released from Chinese chive help control Panama disease in banana. We conclude that intercropping and rotating banana with Chinese chive can control Panama disease and increase cropland biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bio-resources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Roderick H, Tripathi L, Babirye A, Wang D, Tripathi J, Urwin PE, Atkinson HJ. Generation of transgenic plantain (Musa spp.) with resistance to plant pathogenic nematodes. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2012; 13:842-851. [PMID: 22435592 PMCID: PMC6638790 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2012.00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes impose a severe constraint on plantain and banana productivity; however, the sterile nature of many cultivars precludes conventional breeding for resistance. Transgenic plantain cv. Gonja manjaya (Musa AAB) plants, expressing a maize cystatin that inhibits nematode digestive cysteine proteinases and a synthetic peptide that disrupts nematode chemoreception, were assessed for their ability to resist nematode infection. Lines were generated that expressed each gene singly or both together in a stacked defence. Nematode challenge with a single species or a mixed population identified 10 lines with significant resistance. The best level of resistance achieved against the major pest species Radopholus similis was 84% ± 8% for the cystatin, 66% ± 14% for the peptide and 70% ± 6% for the dual defence. In the mixed population, trial resistance was also demonstrated to Helicotylenchus multicinctus. A fluorescently labelled form of the chemodisruptive peptide underwent retrograde transport along certain sensory dendrites of R. similis as required to disrupt chemoreception. The peptide was degraded after 30 min in simulated intestinal fluid or boiling water and after 1 h in nonsterile soil. In silico sequence analysis suggests that the peptide is not a mammalian antigen. This work establishes the mode of action of a novel nematode defence, develops the evidence for its safe and effective deployment against multiple nematode species and identifies transgenic plantain lines with a high level of resistance for a proposed field trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Roderick
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Huang YH, Wang RC, Li CH, Zuo CW, Wei YR, Zhang L, Yi GJ. Control of Fusarium wilt in banana with Chinese leek. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 2012; 134:87-95. [PMID: 23144534 PMCID: PMC3491907 DOI: 10.1007/s10658-012-0024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of Chinese leek(Allium tuberosum) on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) and on Fusarium wilt incidence were studied in order to identify a potential efficient way to control the disease. Adopting the rotation system of Chinese leek-banana reduced the Fusarium wilt incidence and disease severity index by 88 %-97 % and 91 %-96 %, respectively, improved the crop value by 36 %-86 %, in an area heavily infested by Foc between 2007 and 2009. As a result of inoculation in the greenhouse, Chinese leek treatment reduced disease incidence and the disease severity index by 58 % and 62 %, respectively in the variety Baxi (AAA) and by 79 % and 81 %, respectively in the variety Guangfen NO.1 (ABB). Crude extracts of Chinese leek completely inhibited the growth of Foc race 4 on Petri dishes, suppressed the proliferation of the spores by 91 % and caused 87 % spore mortality. The findings of this study suggest that Chinese leek has the potential to inhibit Foc growth and Fusarium wilt incidence. This potential may be developed into an environmentally friendly treatment to control Fusarium wilt of banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Huang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China ; Fruit Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Science, Guangzhou 510640, China ; College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China
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Ghag SB, Shekhawat UKS, Ganapathi TR. Petunia floral defensins with unique prodomains as novel candidates for development of fusarium wilt resistance in transgenic banana plants. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39557. [PMID: 22745785 PMCID: PMC3382125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are a potent group of defense active molecules that have been utilized in developing resistance against a multitude of plant pathogens. Floral defensins constitute a group of cysteine-rich peptides showing potent growth inhibition of pathogenic filamentous fungi especially Fusarium oxysporum in vitro. Full length genes coding for two Petunia floral defensins, PhDef1 and PhDef2 having unique C-terminal 31 and 27 amino acid long predicted prodomains, were overexpressed in transgenic banana plants using embryogenic cells as explants for Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. High level constitutive expression of these defensins in elite banana cv. Rasthali led to significant resistance against infection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense as shown by in vitro and ex vivo bioassay studies. Transgenic banana lines expressing either of the two defensins were clearly less chlorotic and had significantly less infestation and discoloration in the vital corm region of the plant as compared to untransformed controls. Transgenic banana plants expressing high level of full-length PhDef1 and PhDef2 were phenotypically normal and no stunting was observed. In conclusion, our results suggest that high-level constitutive expression of floral defensins having distinctive prodomains is an efficient strategy for development of fungal resistance in economically important fruit crops like banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhesh B. Ghag
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Upendra K. Singh Shekhawat
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Thumballi R. Ganapathi
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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