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Blue CM, Wong SJ, Dodson K. Auditory brainstem response findings in autism spectrum disorder speech delay population. Am J Otolaryngol 2024; 45:104417. [PMID: 39059173 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2024.104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate pediatric auditory brainstem response (ABR) findings in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) after the 2013 DSM-5 update. STUDY DESIGN This was an IRB-approved, six-year retrospective chart review evaluating ABR results from pediatric patients with speech delay. Diagnosis of ASD and other neurodevelopmental abnormalities were collected for patient stratification. METHODS From 2017 to 2023, 148 pediatric patients with speech delay were identified through diagnosis of speech delay and underwent ABR testing. Patients were then separated into two groups: Neurotypical (N = 79) and ASD (N = 69). ABR results were obtained through chart review and waveform and interpeak latency (IPL) results were recorded. Differences in waveform and IPL results were determined via Pearson's chi-square test, with multivariate analysis accounting for race, sex, and age. RESULTS 28 patients with ASD (40.6 %) had at least one waveform/IPL prolongation. Analysis showed an increased incidence of waveform III (p = 0.028) and IPL III-V (p = 0.03) prolongation in the ASD group compared to their neurotypical counterparts. Waveform III prolongation was noted more in females with ASD (p = 0.001) than in males. No statistically significant difference when comparing race and age was found, except in the 2-3 age range (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS There were higher percentages of prolongation for all waveforms and IPLs in the ASD group versus neurotypical, though not as high as previously reported. Race and age did not appear to be factors in ABR findings though more data is needed to make clinical associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Blue
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, 1201 E Marshall St #4-100, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Stephanie J Wong
- Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 234 E 85th St 4th floor, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Kelley Dodson
- Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Otolaryngology, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980237, Richmond, VA 23298-0146, USA
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Hu A, Kozloff V, Owen Van Horne A, Chugani D, Qi Z. Dissociation Between Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Statistical Learning in Children with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:1912-1927. [PMID: 36749457 PMCID: PMC10404646 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Statistical learning (SL), the ability to detect and extract regularities from inputs, is considered a domain-general building block for typical language development. We compared 55 verbal children with autism (ASD, 6-12 years) and 50 typically-developing children in four SL tasks. The ASD group exhibited reduced learning in the linguistic SL tasks (syllable and letter), but showed intact learning for the nonlinguistic SL tasks (tone and image). In the ASD group, better linguistic SL was associated with higher language skills measured by parental report and sentence recall. Therefore, the atypicality of SL in autism is not domain-general but tied to specific processing constraints related to verbal stimuli. Our findings provide a novel perspective for understanding language heterogeneity in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Hu
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, 125 E Main St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Violet Kozloff
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, 125 E Main St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Amanda Owen Van Horne
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Diane Chugani
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Zhenghan Qi
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, 125 E Main St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Yu ACL, McAllister R, Mularoni N, To CKS. Brief Report: Atypical Temporal Sensitivity in Coarticulation in Autism: Evidence from Sibilant-Vowel Interaction in Cantonese. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06258-w. [PMID: 38431693 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atypicalities in the prosodic aspects of speech are commonly considered in clinical assessments of autism. While there is an increasing number of studies using objective measures to assess prosodic deficits, such studies have primarily focused on the intonational and rhythmic aspects of prosody. Little is known about prosodic deficits that are reflected at the segmental level, despite the strong connection between prosody and segmental realization. This study examines the nature of sibilant-vowel coarticulation among male adult native speakers of Cantonese with autism and those without. METHODS Fifteen Cantonese-speaking autistic (ASD) adults (mean age = 25 years) and 23 neuro-typical (NT) adults (mean age = 20 years) participated. Each participant read aloud 42 syllables with a sibilant onset in carrier phrase. Spectral means and variance, skewness and kurtosis were measured, and regressed by vocalic rounding (rounded vs. unrounded), cohort (ASD vs. NT), sibilant duration, and articulation rate. RESULTS While neurotypical participants exhibit sibilant-vowel coarticulation that are sensitive to variation in sibilant duration, autistic participants show no sensitivity to segmental temporal changes. CONCLUSION These findings point to the potential for atypicalities in prosody-segment interaction as an important characteristic of autistic speech.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carol K S To
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Tamaoki Y, Pasapula V, Chandler C, Borland MS, Olajubutu OI, Tharakan LS, Engineer CT. Degraded inferior colliculus responses to complex sounds in prenatally exposed VPA rats. J Neurodev Disord 2024; 16:2. [PMID: 38166599 PMCID: PMC10759431 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-023-09514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often exhibit altered sensory processing and deficits in language development. Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) increases the risk for ASD and impairs both receptive and expressive language. Like individuals with ASD, rodents prenatally exposed to VPA exhibit degraded auditory cortical processing and abnormal neural activity to sounds. Disrupted neuronal morphology has been documented in earlier processing areas of the auditory pathway in VPA-exposed rodents, but there are no studies documenting early auditory pathway physiology. Therefore, the objective of this study is to characterize inferior colliculus (IC) responses to different sounds in rats prenatally exposed to VPA compared to saline-exposed rats. METHODS In vivo extracellular multiunit recordings from the inferior colliculus were collected in response to tones, speech sounds, and noise burst trains. RESULTS Our results indicate that the overall response to speech sounds was degraded in VPA-exposed rats compared to saline-exposed controls, but responses to tones and noise burst trains were unaltered. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with observations in individuals with autism that neural responses to complex sounds, like speech, are often altered, and lays the foundation for future studies of potential therapeutics to improve auditory processing in the VPA rat model of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tamaoki
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
| | - Varun Pasapula
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Collin Chandler
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Michael S Borland
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Olayinka I Olajubutu
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Liza S Tharakan
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Crystal T Engineer
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Biomedical Device Center, 800 West Campbell Road BSB11, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
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Matsuba ESM, Prieve BA, Cary E, Pacheco D, Madrid A, McKernan E, Kaplan-Kahn E, Russo N. A Preliminary Study Characterizing Subcortical and Cortical Auditory Processing and Their Relation to Autistic Traits and Sensory Features. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:75-92. [PMID: 36227444 PMCID: PMC9559145 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study characterizes the subcortical auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) and cortical auditory processing (P1 and Mismatch Negativity; MMN) to speech sounds and their relationship to autistic traits and sensory features within the same group of autistic children (n = 10) matched on age and non-verbal IQ to their typically developing (TD) peers (n = 21). No speech-ABR differences were noted, but autistic individuals had larger P1 and faster MMN responses. Correlations revealed that larger P1 amplitudes and MMN responses were associated with greater autistic traits and more sensory features. These findings highlight the complexity of the auditory system and its relationships to behaviours in autism, while also emphasizing the importance of measurement and developmental matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin S. M. Matsuba
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Beth A. Prieve
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, 1200 Skytop Road, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Emily Cary
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Devon Pacheco
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, 1200 Skytop Road, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Angela Madrid
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, 1200 Skytop Road, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Elizabeth McKernan
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Elizabeth Kaplan-Kahn
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
| | - Natalie Russo
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13079 USA
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Jayashankar A, Aziz-Zadeh L. Disgust Processing and Potential Relationships with Behaviors in Autism. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:465-478. [PMID: 37672122 PMCID: PMC10627949 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW While there are reports of differences in emotion processing in autism, it is less understood whether the emotion of disgust, in particular, plays a significant role in these effects. Here, we review literature on potential disgust processing differences in autism and its possible associations with autistic traits. RECENT FINDINGS In autism, there is evidence for differences in physical disgust processing, pica behaviors, attention away from other's disgust facial expressions, and differences in neural activity related to disgust processing. In typically developing individuals, disgust processing is related to moral processing, but modulated by individual differences in interoception and alexithymia. Autistic individuals may experience atypical disgust, which may lead to difficulty avoiding contaminants and affect socio-emotional processing. In autism, such outcomes may lead to increased occurrences of illness, contribute to gastrointestinal issues, diminish vicarious learning of disgust expression and behaviors, and potentially contribute to differences in processes related to moral reasoning, though further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Jayashankar
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
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7
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Demopoulos C, Skiba SA, Kopald BE, Bangera N, Paulson K, Lewine JD. Associations between rapid auditory processing of speech sounds and specific verbal communication skills in autism. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1223250. [PMID: 37663330 PMCID: PMC10470870 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1223250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ability to rapidly process speech sounds is integral not only for processing other's speech, but also for auditory processing of one's own speech, which allows for maintenance of speech accuracy. Deficits in rapid auditory processing have been demonstrated in autistic individuals, particularly those with language impairment. We examined rapid auditory processing for speech sounds in relation to performance on a battery of verbal communication measures to determine which aspects of verbal communication were associated with cortical auditory processing in a sample of individuals with autism. Methods Participants were 57 children and adolescents (40 male and 17 female) ages 5-18 who were diagnosed with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Rapid auditory processing of speech sounds was measured via a magnetoencephalographic (MEG) index of the quality of the auditory evoked response to the second of two differing speech sounds ("Ga" / "Da") presented in rapid succession. Verbal communication abilities were assessed on standardized clinical measures of overall expressive and receptive language, vocabulary, articulation, and phonological processing. Associations between cortical measures of left- and right-hemisphere rapid auditory processing and verbal communication measures were examined. Results Rapid auditory processing of speech sounds was significantly associated with speech articulation bilaterally (r = 0.463, p = 0.001 for left hemisphere and r = 0.328, p = 0.020 for right hemisphere). In addition, rapid auditory processing in the left hemisphere was significantly associated with overall expressive language abilities (r = 0.354, p = 0.013); expressive (r = 0.384, p = 0.005) vocabulary; and phonological memory (r = 0.325, p = 0.024). Phonological memory was found to mediate the relationship between rapid cortical processing and receptive language. Discussion These results demonstrate that impaired rapid auditory processing for speech sounds is associated with dysfunction in verbal communication in ASD. The data also indicate that intact rapid auditory processing may be necessary for even basic communication skills that support speech production, such as phonological memory and articulatory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Demopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sara A. Skiba
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative (Ape Initiative), Des Moines, IA, United States
| | - Brandon E. Kopald
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nitin Bangera
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kim Paulson
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jeffrey David Lewine
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Departments of Psychology and Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Center for Advanced Diagnostics, Evaluation and Therapeutics, CADET-NM, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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Patel SP, Winston M, Guilfoyle J, Nicol T, Martin GE, Nayar K, Kraus N, Losh M. Neural Processing of Speech Sounds in ASD and First-Degree Relatives. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:3257-3271. [PMID: 35672616 PMCID: PMC10019095 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Efficient neural encoding of sound plays a critical role in speech and language, and when impaired, may have reverberating effects on communication skills. This study investigated disruptions to neural processing of temporal and spectral properties of speech in individuals with ASD and their parents and found evidence of inefficient temporal encoding of speech sounds in both groups. The ASD group further demonstrated less robust neural representation of spectral properties of speech sounds. Associations between neural processing of speech sounds and language-related abilities were evident in both groups. Parent-child associations were also detected in neural pitch processing. Together, results suggest that atypical neural processing of speech sounds is a heritable ingredient contributing to the ASD language phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani P Patel
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Molly Winston
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Janna Guilfoyle
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Trent Nicol
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Gary E Martin
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, St. John's University, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Kritika Nayar
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Nina Kraus
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Molly Losh
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 N Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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Tamaoki Y, Pasapula V, Chandler C, Borland MS, Olajubutu OI, Tharakan LS, Engineer CT. Degraded inferior colliculus responses to complex sounds in prenatally exposed VPA rats. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3168097. [PMID: 37577524 PMCID: PMC10418539 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3168097/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often exhibit altered sensory processing and deficits in language development. Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) increases the risk for ASD and impairs both receptive and expressive language. Like individuals with ASD, rodents prenatally exposed to VPA exhibit degraded auditory cortical processing and abnormal neural activity to sounds. Disrupted neuronal morphology has been documented in earlier processing areas of the auditory pathway in VPA-exposed rodents, but there are no studies documenting early auditory pathway physiology. Therefore, the objective of this study is to characterize inferior colliculus (IC) responses to different sounds in rats prenatally exposed to VPA compared to saline-exposed rats. Methods Neural recordings from the inferior colliculus were collected in response to tones, speech sounds, and noise burst trains. Results Our results indicate that the overall response to speech sounds was degraded in VPA-exposed rats compared saline-exposed controls, but responses to tones and noise burst trains were unaltered. Conclusions These results are consistent with observations in individuals with autism that neural responses to complex sounds, like speech, are often altered, and lays the foundation for future studies of potential therapeutics to improve auditory processing in the VPA rat model of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tamaoki
- The University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences
| | - Varun Pasapula
- The University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences
| | - Collin Chandler
- The University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences
| | - Michael S Borland
- The University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences
| | | | - Liza S Tharakan
- The University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences
| | - Crystal T Engineer
- The University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences
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Cardon G, Cate M, Cordingley S, Bown B. Auditory Brainstem Response in Autistic Children: Implications for Sensory Processing. HEARING, BALANCE AND COMMUNICATION 2023; 21:224-232. [PMID: 38223460 PMCID: PMC10786617 DOI: 10.1080/21695717.2023.2181558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Autistic individuals frequently experience sensory processing difficulties. Such difficulties can significantly impact important functions and quality of life. We are only beginning to understand the neural mechanisms of atypical sensory processing. However, one established way to measure aspects of auditory function is the auditory brainstem response (ABR). While ABR has been primarily hypothesized thus far as a means of early detection/diagnosis in autism, it has the potential to aid in examining sensory processing in this population. Method Thus, we investigated standard ABR waveform characteristics in age-matched groups of autistic and typically developing children during various stimulus and intensity conditions. We also examined within ear waveform cross correlations and inter-aural cross correlations (IACC) to assess replicability and synchrony of participants' ABRs, which was a novel approach to ABR analysis in this population. Results We observed longer peak latencies (esp. wave III and V) and interpeak latencies in the autism and typically developing groups in different conditions. There were no statistically significant results in cross correlation or IACC. Conclusions These results suggest that brainstem auditory function may differ slightly, but is mostly similar, between autistic and typically developing children. We discuss these findings in terms of their implications for sensory processing and future utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Cardon
- Brigham Young University, Department of Communication Disorders, Provo, UT
| | - Madelyn Cate
- Brigham Young University, Department of Communication Disorders, Provo, UT
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Kaya Özçora GD, Söbü E, Gümüş U. Genetic and clinical variations of developmental epileptic encephalopathies. Neurol Res 2023; 45:226-233. [PMID: 36731496 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2170917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The concept of 'developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE)' recognises that in infants presenting with severe early-onset epilepsy, neurodevelopmental comorbidity may be attributable to both the underlying cause and to adverse effects of uncontrolled epileptic activity. There is no direct genotype - phenotype correlation in DEEs. This study aimed to report the genetic and phenotypic differences in patients with DEE. METHODS Genetic evaluations of the patients were performed due to epilepsy combined with developmental delay, epileptic encephalopathy, motor deficits, autistic features, or cognitive impairment. Patients were assessed for demographic characteristics, medical history, family history, psychomotor development, seizure control interventions, electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. RESULTS This study included 20 children aged 0-16 years who were diagnosed as having DEE.The types of DEE detected in our study were DEE 2, 4, 6B, 7, 11, 26, 30, 33, 35, 42, 58, 62, and 67.Status epilepticus was recorded in only DEE7. The most common EEG abnormality was multifocal epileptic discharges (35%,) followed by burst-suppression patterns in patients with neonatal-onset seizures. Thirteen of the children were aged over 2 years, two (15%) were non-ambulatory and six (46%) were non-verbal. MRI scans were normal in 80% of the patients. Refractory epilepsy seen in 33% of cases.De-novo mutation, microcephaly and dysmorphic findings accompany resistant seizures and are associated with poor prognosis. DISCUSSION For patients with movement disorders, developmental delay, autism, and ID with or without epilepsy in any period of their life, next-generation sequencing is the only diagnostic technique available, with genetic analysis often being the only diagnostic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Demet Kaya Özçora
- Faculty of Medical Sciences Pediatric Neurology Dept, Gaziantep Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Elif Söbü
- Kartal Dr.Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Gümüş
- Dr. Ersin Arslan Education and Research Hospital, Medical Genetics Department, Gaziantep, Turkey
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12
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Demopoulos C, Kopald BE, Bangera N, Paulson K, David Lewine J. Rapid auditory processing of puretones is associated with basic components of language in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2023; 238:105229. [PMID: 36753824 PMCID: PMC10029928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify the specific domains of language that may be affected by deficits in rapid auditory processing in individuals with ASD. Auditory evoked fields were collected from 63 children diagnosed with ASD in order to evaluate processing of puretone sounds presented in rapid succession. Measures of language and its components were assessed via standardized clinical tools to quantify expressive and receptive language, vocabulary, articulation, and phonological processing abilities. Rapid processing was significantly and bilaterally associated with phonological awareness, vocabulary, and articulation. Phonological processing was found to mediate the relationship between rapid processing and language. M100 response latency was not significantly associated with any language measures. Results suggest that rapid processing deficits may impact the basic components of language such as phonological processing, and the downstream effect of this impact may in turn impact overall language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Demopoulos
- University of California-San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, 675 18th Street, San Francisco, CA 94107, United States; University of California-San Francisco, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S362, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Brandon E Kopald
- University of California-San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Nelson Rising, Lane, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Nitin Bangera
- Mind Research Network, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States; Center for Advanced Diagnostics, Evaluation and Therapeutics, CADET-NM, 1501 Indian School, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87102, United States
| | - Kim Paulson
- Mind Research Network, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States
| | - Jeffrey David Lewine
- Mind Research Network, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States; Center for Advanced Diagnostics, Evaluation and Therapeutics, CADET-NM, 1501 Indian School, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87102, United States; University of New Mexico, Departments of Psychology and Neurology, 1 University Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87031, United States.
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Newborn Auditory Brainstem Responses in Children with Developmental Disabilities. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:776-788. [PMID: 34181140 PMCID: PMC9549590 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We integrated data from a newborn hearing screening database and a preschool disability database to examine the relationship between newborn click evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and developmental disabilities. This sample included children with developmental delay (n = 2992), speech impairment (SI, n = 905), language impairment (n = 566), autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 370), and comparison children (n = 128,181). We compared the phase of the ABR waveform, a measure of sound processing latency, across groups. Children with SI and children with ASD had greater newborn ABR phase values than both the comparison group and the developmental delay group. Newborns later diagnosed with SI or ASD have slower neurological responses to auditory stimuli, suggesting sensory differences at birth.
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14
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Speech auditory brainstem response in audiological practice: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:2099-2118. [PMID: 36651959 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Speech-ABR is an auditory brainstem response that evaluates the integrity of the temporal and spectral coding of speech in the upper levels of the brainstem. It reflects the acoustic properties of the stimulus used and consists of seven major waves. Waves V and A represent the onset of the response; wave C transition region; D, E, and F waves periodic region (frequency following response); and wave O reflects the offset of the response. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical availability of the speech-ABR procedure through a literature review. METHODS Literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Science Direct databases. Clinical studies of the last 15 years have been included in this review and 60 articles have been reviewed. RESULTS As a result of the articles reviewed, it was seen that most of the studies on speech ABR were conducted with children and young people and generally focused on latency analysis measurements. Most used stimulus is the /da/ syllable. CONCLUSIONS Speech ABR can objectively measure the auditory cues important for speech recognition and has many clinical applications. It can be used as a biomarker for auditory processing disorders, learning disorders, dyslexia, otitis media, hearing loss, language disorders and phonological disorders. S-ABR is an effective procedure that can be used in speech and language evaluations in people with hearing aids or cochlear implant. It may also be of benefit to the aging auditory system's ability to encode temporal cues.
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15
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Sreedhar A, Sumesh J, Ravikumar M, Konadath S. Speech ABR Findings in Auto Rickshaw Drivers Exposed to Occupational Noise. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:3987-3992. [PMID: 36742627 PMCID: PMC9895701 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the persons with noise exposure will have clinically normal hearing threshold while experiencing reduced speech comprehension. The motive of this study is to assess the impact of occupational noise on the encoding of speech stimuli in the auditory system in the auto-rickshaw drivers and compare the auditory brainstem responses (ABR) using speech stimuli with that of controls. The study was done in experimental design, where speech evoked ABR was measured in 21 auto-drivers who were continuously exposed to higher levels of occupational noise, and they were compared to the results of 37 individuals who were not exposed to noise. Speech ABR was administered in both the groups and the absolute latencies and amplitudes of the peaks V, A, C, D, E, F and O were compared. The results revealed that there is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the latency of peak V (F(1,32) = 6.13, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.12) and peak A (F(1,32) = 4.03, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.08) between the control and experimental group. Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference seen in the amplitude of peak D (F(1,32) = 6.38, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.12) and peak F (F(1,32) = 7.97, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.15). Acknowledging how the speech signals are coded in the brainstem may aid in the timely detection and intervention of hearing-related issues, even in individuals having normal hearing acuity. The results indicate that there is damage at the level of the brainstem which will lead to poor speech understanding in those who are exposed to occupational noise. These indicators are present even before routine audiometry indicates a hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Sreedhar
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka 570006 India
| | - Jijinu Sumesh
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka 570006 India
| | - Mamatha Ravikumar
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka 570006 India
| | - Sreeraj Konadath
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka 570006 India
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16
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Gorina-Careta N, Ribas-Prats T, Arenillas-Alcón S, Puertollano M, Gómez-Roig MD, Escera C. Neonatal Frequency-Following Responses: A Methodological Framework for Clinical Applications. Semin Hear 2022; 43:162-176. [PMID: 36313048 PMCID: PMC9605802 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency-following response (FFR) to periodic complex sounds is a noninvasive scalp-recorded auditory evoked potential that reflects synchronous phase-locked neural activity to the spectrotemporal components of the acoustic signal along the ascending auditory hierarchy. The FFR has gained recent interest in the fields of audiology and auditory cognitive neuroscience, as it has great potential to answer both basic and applied questions about processes involved in sound encoding, language development, and communication. Specifically, it has become a promising tool in neonates, as its study may allow both early identification of future language disorders and the opportunity to leverage brain plasticity during the first 2 years of life, as well as enable early interventions to prevent and/or ameliorate sound and language encoding disorders. Throughout the present review, we summarize the state of the art of the neonatal FFR and, based on our own extensive experience, present methodological approaches to record it in a clinical environment. Overall, the present review is the first one that comprehensively focuses on the neonatal FFRs applications, thus supporting the feasibility to record the FFR during the first days of life and the predictive potential of the neonatal FFR on detecting short- and long-term language abilities and disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Gorina-Careta
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Teresa Ribas-Prats
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sonia Arenillas-Alcón
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Puertollano
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Dolores Gómez-Roig
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Address for correspondence Carles Escera, Ph.D. Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of BarcelonaPasseig Vall d'Hebron 171, 08035 BarcelonaSpain
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17
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Maggu AR. Auditory Evoked Potentials in Communication Disorders: An Overview of Past, Present, and Future. Semin Hear 2022; 43:137-148. [PMID: 36313051 PMCID: PMC9605805 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides a brief overview of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and their application in the areas of research and clinics within the field of communication disorders. The article begins with providing a historical perspective within the context of the key scientific developments that led to the emergence of numerous types of AEPs. Furthermore, the article discusses the different AEP techniques in the light of their feasibility in clinics. As AEPs, because of their versatility, find their use across disciplines, this article also discusses some of the research questions that are currently being addressed using AEP techniques in the field of communication disorders and beyond. At the end, this article summarizes the shortcomings of the existing AEP techniques and provides a general perspective toward the future directions. The article is aimed at a broad readership including (but not limited to) students, clinicians, and researchers. Overall, this article may act as a brief primer for the new AEP users, and as an overview of the progress in the field of AEPs along with future directions, for those who already use AEPs on a routine basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay R. Maggu
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York
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18
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Teichert T, Gnanateja GN, Sadagopan S, Chandrasekaran B. A Linear Superposition Model of Envelope and Frequency Following Responses May Help Identify Generators Based on Latency. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2022; 3:441-468. [PMID: 36909931 PMCID: PMC10003646 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Envelope and frequency-following responses (FFRENV and FFRTFS) are scalp-recorded electrophysiological potentials that closely follow the periodicity of complex sounds such as speech. These signals have been established as important biomarkers in speech and learning disorders. However, despite important advances, it has remained challenging to map altered FFRENV and FFRTFS to altered processing in specific brain regions. Here we explore the utility of a deconvolution approach based on the assumption that FFRENV and FFRTFS reflect the linear superposition of responses that are triggered by the glottal pulse in each cycle of the fundamental frequency (F0 responses). We tested the deconvolution method by applying it to FFRENV and FFRTFS of rhesus monkeys to human speech and click trains with time-varying pitch patterns. Our analyses show that F0ENV responses could be measured with high signal-to-noise ratio and featured several spectro-temporally and topographically distinct components that likely reflect the activation of brainstem (<5 ms; 200-1000 Hz), midbrain (5-15 ms; 100-250 Hz), and cortex (15-35 ms; ~90 Hz). In contrast, F0TFS responses contained only one spectro-temporal component that likely reflected activity in the midbrain. In summary, our results support the notion that the latency of F0 components map meaningfully onto successive processing stages. This opens the possibility that pathologically altered FFRENV or FFRTFS may be linked to altered F0ENV or F0TFS and from there to specific processing stages and ultimately spatially targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Teichert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - G. Nike Gnanateja
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Srivatsun Sadagopan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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19
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Clayson PE, Joshi YB, Thomas ML, Tarasenko M, Bismark A, Sprock J, Nungaray J, Cardoso L, Wynn JK, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. The viability of the frequency following response characteristics for use as biomarkers of cognitive therapeutics in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 243:372-382. [PMID: 34187732 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in early auditory information processing contribute to cognitive and psychosocial disability; this has prompted development of interventions that target low-level auditory processing, which may alleviate these disabilities. The frequency following response (FFR) is a constellation of event-related potential and frequency characteristics that reflect the processing of acoustic stimuli at the level of the brainstem and ascending portions of the auditory pathway. While FFR is a promising candidate biomarker of response to auditory-based cognitive training interventions, the psychometric properties of FFR in schizophrenia patients have not been studied. Here we assessed the psychometric reliability and magnitude of group differences across 18 different FFR parameters to determine which of these parameters demonstrate adequate internal consistency. Electroencephalography from 40 schizophrenia patients and 40 nonpsychiatric comparison subjects was recorded during rapid presentation of an auditory speech stimulus (6000 trials). Patients showed normal response amplitudes but longer latencies for most FFR peaks and lower signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) than healthy subjects. Analysis of amplitude and latency estimates of peaks, however, indicated a need for a substantial increase in task length to obtain internal consistency estimates above 0.80. In contrast, excellent internal consistency (>0.95) was shown for FFR sustained responses. Only SNR scores reflecting the FFR sustained response yielded significant group differences and excellent internal consistency, suggesting that this measure is a viable candidate for use in clinical treatment studies. The present study highlights the use of internal consistency estimates to select FFR characteristics for use in future intervention studies interested in individual differences among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E Clayson
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Yash B Joshi
- VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, & Clinical Center (MIRECC), San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Melissa Tarasenko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, USA
| | - Andrew Bismark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, USA
| | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John Nungaray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Cardoso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan K Wynn
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, & Clinical Center (MIRECC), San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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20
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Schelinski S, Tabas A, von Kriegstein K. Altered processing of communication signals in the subcortical auditory sensory pathway in autism. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:1955-1972. [PMID: 35037743 PMCID: PMC8933247 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by social communication difficulties. These difficulties have been mainly explained by cognitive, motivational, and emotional alterations in ASD. The communication difficulties could, however, also be associated with altered sensory processing of communication signals. Here, we assessed the functional integrity of auditory sensory pathway nuclei in ASD in three independent functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments. We focused on two aspects of auditory communication that are impaired in ASD: voice identity perception, and recognising speech‐in‐noise. We found reduced processing in adults with ASD as compared to typically developed control groups (pairwise matched on sex, age, and full‐scale IQ) in the central midbrain structure of the auditory pathway (inferior colliculus [IC]). The right IC responded less in the ASD as compared to the control group for voice identity, in contrast to speech recognition. The right IC also responded less in the ASD as compared to the control group when passively listening to vocal in contrast to non‐vocal sounds. Within the control group, the left and right IC responded more when recognising speech‐in‐noise as compared to when recognising speech without additional noise. In the ASD group, this was only the case in the left, but not the right IC. The results show that communication signal processing in ASD is associated with reduced subcortical sensory functioning in the midbrain. The results highlight the importance of considering sensory processing alterations in explaining communication difficulties, which are at the core of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Schelinski
- Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alejandro Tabas
- Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina von Kriegstein
- Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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21
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Seif A, Shea C, Schmid S, Stevenson RA. A Systematic Review of Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:760116. [PMID: 34790102 PMCID: PMC8591260 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.760116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects one in 66 children in Canada. The contributions of changes in the cortex and cerebellum to autism have been studied for decades. However, our understanding of brainstem contributions has only started to emerge more recently. Disruptions of sensory processing, startle response, sensory filtering, sensorimotor gating, multisensory integration and sleep are all features of ASD and are processes in which the brainstem is involved. In addition, preliminary research into brainstem contribution emphasizes the importance of the developmental timeline rather than just the mature brainstem. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to compile histological, behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological evidence from human and animal studies about brainstem contributions and their functional implications in autism. Moreover, due to the developmental nature of autism, the review pays attention to the atypical brainstem development and compares findings based on age. Overall, there is evidence of an important role of brainstem disruptions in ASD, but there is still the need to examine the brainstem across the life span, from infancy to adulthood which could lead the way for early diagnosis and possibly treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala Seif
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Carly Shea
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan A Stevenson
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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22
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Mansour Y, Burchell A, Kulesza RJ. Central Auditory and Vestibular Dysfunction Are Key Features of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:743561. [PMID: 34658804 PMCID: PMC8513787 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.743561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive behaviors, poor social skills, and difficulties with communication. Beyond these core signs and symptoms, the majority of subjects with ASD have some degree of auditory and vestibular dysfunction. Dysfunction in these sensory modalities is significant as normal cognitive development depends on an accurate representation of our environment. The hearing difficulties in ASD range from deafness to hypersensitivity and subjects with ASD have abnormal sound-evoked brainstem reflexes and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Vestibular dysfunction in ASD includes postural instability, gait dysfunction, and impaired gaze. Untreated vestibular dysfunction in children can lead to delayed milestones such as sitting and walking and poor motor coordination later in life. Histopathological studies have revealed that subjects with ASD have significantly fewer neurons in the auditory hindbrain and surviving neurons are smaller and dysmorphic. These findings are consistent with auditory dysfunction. Further, the cerebellum was one of the first brain structures implicated in ASD and studies have revealed loss of Purkinje cells and the presence of ectopic neurons. Together, these studies suggest that normal auditory and vestibular function play major roles in the development of language and social abilities, and dysfunction in these systems may contribute to the core symptoms of ASD. Further, auditory and vestibular dysfunction in children may be overlooked or attributed to other neurodevelopmental disorders. Herein we review the literature on auditory and vestibular dysfunction in ASD. Based on these results we developed a brainstem model of central auditory and vestibular dysfunction in ASD and propose that simple, non-invasive but quantitative testing of hearing and vestibular function be added to newborn screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusra Mansour
- Department of Otolaryngology, Henry Ford Macomb Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
| | - Alyson Burchell
- Department of Anatomy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
| | - Randy J. Kulesza
- Department of Anatomy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
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23
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Li S, Cheng C, Lu L, Ma X, Zhang X, Li A, Chen J, Qian X, Gao X. Hearing Loss in Neurological Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:716300. [PMID: 34458270 PMCID: PMC8385440 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) affects approximately 466 million people worldwide, which is projected to reach 900 million by 2050. Its histological characteristics are lesions in cochlear hair cells, supporting cells, and auditory nerve endings. Neurological disorders cover a wide range of diseases affecting the nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), etc. Many studies have revealed that neurological disorders manifest with hearing loss, in addition to typical nervous symptoms. The prevalence, manifestations, and neuropathological mechanisms underlying vary among different diseases. In this review, we discuss the relevant literature, from clinical trials to research mice models, to provide an overview of auditory dysfunctions in the most common neurological disorders, particularly those associated with hearing loss, and to explain their underlying pathological and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
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24
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Gonçalves LF, Paiva KM, Patatt FSA, Stolz JV, Haas P. Association between autism spectrum disorder and changes in the central auditory processing in children. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021; 67:156-162. [PMID: 34161473 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.67.01.20200588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the scientific evidence on the association between Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Central Auditory Processing Disorder in children, aiming to answer the following research question: What is the association between Autistic Spectrum and Alteration of Auditory Processing in Children? METHODS Studies were chosen through the combination based on the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH): [(auditory processing) and (children) and (autism) and (neurological disorders)]. The MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, and SciELO databases were used. The analyzed papers covered a ten-year period, from 2010 to 2020. We selected descriptive, cross-sectional, cohort, and case studies. We evaluated the quality of the papers, which had a minimum score of six in the modified scale of the literature. RESULTS 126 papers were retrieved after the exclusion phase, and 17 of them followed the inclusion criteria. Only two papers answered the guiding question with audiological results. CONCLUSIONS Patients diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder may have disturbance central auditory processing, considering that changes were found both in absolute and interpeak latencies in the brainstem evoked response audiometry, as well as in latency and laterality of the N1c wave amplitude. In addition, there were changes in the assessment behavioral auditory processing. Thus, disturbance central auditory processing is common in children with autistic spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrícia Haas
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Florianópolis (SC), Brasil
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25
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Madrid AM, Walker KA, Smith SB, Hood LJ, Prieve BA. Relationships between click auditory brainstem response and speech frequency following response with development in infants born preterm. Hear Res 2021; 407:108277. [PMID: 34091212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The speech evoked frequency following response (sFFR) is used to study relationships between neural processing and functional aspects of speech and language that are not captured by click or toneburst evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR). The sFFR is delayed, deviant, or weak in school age children having a variety of disorders, including autism, dyslexia, reading and language disorders, in relation to their typically developing peers. Much less is known about the developmental characteristics of sFFR, especially in preterm infants, who are at risk of having language delays. In term neonates, phase locking and spectral representation of the fundamental frequency is developed in the early days of life. Spectral representation of higher harmonics and latencies associated with transient portions of the stimulus are still developing in term infants through at least 10 months of age. The goal of this research was to determine whether sFFR could be measured in preterm infants and to characterize its developmental trajectory in the time and frequency domain. Click ABR and sFFR were measured in 28 preterm infants at ages 33 to 64 weeks gestational age. The sFFR could be measured in the majority of infants at 33 weeks gestational age, and the detectability of all sFFR waves was 100% by 64 weeks gestational age. The latency of all waves associated with the transient portion of the response (waves V, A, and O), and most waves (waves D and E) associated with the quasi-steady state decreased with increasing age. The interpeak wave A-O latency did not change with age, indicating that these waves share a neural generator, or the neural generators are developing at the same rate. The spectral amplitude of F0 and the lower frequencies of the first formant increased with age, but that for higher frequencies of the first formant and higher harmonics did not. The results suggest that the sFFR can be reliably recorded in preterm infants, including those cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit. These findings support that in preterm infants, F0 amplitude continues to develop within the first 6 months of life and develops before efficient representation of higher frequency harmonics. Further research is needed to determine if the sFFR in preterm infants is predictive of long-term language or learning disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Madrid
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, 621 Skytop Suite 1200, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Kerry A Walker
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, 621 Skytop Suite 1200, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Spencer B Smith
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 2504A Whitis Avenue Stop A1100, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Linda J Hood
- Hearing and Speech Sciences. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1215 21(st) Avenue South, Medical Center East, 8310, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Beth A Prieve
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, 621 Skytop Suite 1200, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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Chen J, Wei Z, Liang C, Liu B, Guo J, Kong X, Huang M, Peng Z, Wan G. Dysfunction of the Auditory Brainstem as a Neurophysiology Subtype of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:637079. [PMID: 33815042 PMCID: PMC8010248 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.637079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is very heterogeneous, particularly in language. Studies have suggested that language impairment is linked to auditory-brainstem dysfunction in ASD. However, not all ASD children have these deficits, which suggests potential subtypes of ASD. We classified ASD children into two subtypes according to their speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) and explored the neural substrates for possible subtypes. Twenty-nine children with ASD and 25 typically developing (TD) peers were enrolled to undergo speech-ABR testing and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). There were significant differences between the ASD group and TD group in surface area, cortical volume and cortical thickness. According to speech-ABR results, ASD participants were divided into the ASD-typical (ASD-T) group and ASD-atypical (ASD-A) group. Compared with the ASD-T group, the ASD-A group had a lower score in language of the Gesell Developmental Diagnosis Scale (GDDS), increased left rostral middle frontal gyrus (lRMFG) area and decreased local gyrification index of the right superior temporal gyrus. GDDS-language and surface area of lRMFG were correlated to the wave-A amplitude in ASD. Surface area of lRMFG had an indirect effect on language performance via alteration of the wave-V amplitude. Thus, cortical deficits may impair language ability in children with ASD by causing subcortical dysfunction at preschool age. These evidences support dysfunction of the auditory brainstem as a potential subtype of ASD. Besides, this subtype-based method may be useful for various clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jierong Chen
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Binguang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jimin Guo
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuejun Kong
- Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Minshi Huang
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwen Peng
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guobin Wan
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Neural generators of the frequency-following response elicited to stimuli of low and high frequency: A magnetoencephalographic (MEG) study. Neuroimage 2021; 231:117866. [PMID: 33592244 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequency-following response (FFR) to periodic complex sounds has gained recent interest in auditory cognitive neuroscience as it captures with great fidelity the tracking accuracy of the periodic sound features in the ascending auditory system. Seminal studies suggested the FFR as a correlate of subcortical sound encoding, yet recent studies aiming to locate its sources challenged this assumption, demonstrating that FFR receives some contribution from the auditory cortex. Based on frequency-specific phase-locking capabilities along the auditory hierarchy, we hypothesized that FFRs to higher frequencies would receive less cortical contribution than those to lower frequencies, hence supporting a major subcortical involvement for these high frequency sounds. Here, we used a magnetoencephalographic (MEG) approach to trace the neural sources of the FFR elicited in healthy adults (N = 19) to low (89 Hz) and high (333 Hz) frequency sounds. FFRs elicited to the high and low frequency sounds were clearly observable on MEG and comparable to those obtained in simultaneous electroencephalographic recordings. Distributed source modeling analyses revealed midbrain, thalamic, and cortical contributions to FFR, arranged in frequency-specific configurations. Our results showed that the main contribution to the high-frequency sound FFR originated in the inferior colliculus and the medial geniculate body of the thalamus, with no significant cortical contribution. In contrast, the low-frequency sound FFR had a major contribution located in the auditory cortices, and also received contributions originating in the midbrain and thalamic structures. These findings support the multiple generator hypothesis of the FFR and are relevant for our understanding of the neural encoding of sounds along the auditory hierarchy, suggesting a hierarchical organization of periodicity encoding.
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Aberrant auditory system and its developmental implications for autism. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:861-878. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Combination of absolute pitch and tone language experience enhances lexical tone perception. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1485. [PMID: 33452284 PMCID: PMC7811026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Absolute pitch (AP), a unique ability to name or produce pitch without any reference, is known to be influenced by genetic and cultural factors. AP and tone language experience are both known to promote lexical tone perception. However, the effects of the combination of AP and tone language experience on lexical tone perception are currently not known. In the current study, using behavioral (Categorical Perception) and electrophysiological (Frequency Following Response) measures, we investigated the effect of the combination of AP and tone language experience on lexical tone perception. We found that the Cantonese speakers with AP outperformed the Cantonese speakers without AP on Categorical Perception and Frequency Following Responses of lexical tones, suggesting an additive effect due to the combination of AP and tone language experience. These findings suggest a role of basic sensory pre-attentive auditory processes towards pitch encoding in AP. Further, these findings imply a common mechanism underlying pitch encoding in AP and tone language perception.
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Newman RS, Kirby LA, Von Holzen K, Redcay E. Read my lips! Perception of speech in noise by preschool children with autism and the impact of watching the speaker's face. J Neurodev Disord 2021; 13:4. [PMID: 33402099 PMCID: PMC7786476 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adults and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders show greater difficulties comprehending speech in the presence of noise. Moreover, while neurotypical adults use visual cues on the mouth to help them understand speech in background noise, differences in attention to human faces in autism may affect use of these visual cues. No work has yet examined these skills in toddlers with ASD, despite the fact that they are frequently faced with noisy, multitalker environments. Methods Children aged 2-5 years, both with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), saw pairs of images in a preferential looking study and were instructed to look at one of the two objects. Sentences were presented in the presence of quiet or another background talker (noise). On half of the trials, the face of the target person speaking was presented, while half had no face present. Growth-curve modeling was used to examine the time course of children’s looking to the appropriate vs. opposite image. Results Noise impaired performance for both children with ASD and their age- and language-matched peers. When there was no face present on the screen, the effect of noise was generally similar across groups with and without ASD. But when the face was present, the noise had a more detrimental effect on children with ASD than their language-matched peers, suggesting neurotypical children were better able to use visual cues on the speaker’s face to aid performance. Moreover, those children with ASD who attended more to the speaker’s face showed better listening performance in the presence of noise. Conclusions Young children both with and without ASD show poorer performance comprehending speech in the presence of another talker than in quiet. However, results suggest that neurotypical children may be better able to make use of face cues to partially counteract the effects of noise. Children with ASD varied in their use of face cues, but those children who spent more time attending to the face of the target speaker appeared less disadvantaged by the presence of background noise, indicating a potential path for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle S Newman
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, 100 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Laura A Kirby
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, 100 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Katie Von Holzen
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, 100 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Elizabeth Redcay
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, 100 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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Lucchetti F, Nonclercq A, Avan P, Giraudet F, Fan X, Deltenre P. Subcortical neural generators of the envelope-following response in sleeping children: A transfer function analysis. Hear Res 2020; 401:108157. [PMID: 33360182 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Multiple auditory structures, from cochlea to cortex, phase-lock to the envelope of complex stimuli. The relative contributions of these structures to the human surface-recorded envelope-following response (EFR) are still uncertain. Identification of the active contributor(s) is complicated by the fact that even the simplest two-tone (f1&f2) stimulus, targeting its (f2-f1) envelope, evokes additional linear (f1&f2) and non-linear (2f1-f2) phase-locked components as well as a transient auditory brainstem response (ABR). Here, we took advantage of the generalized primary tone phase variation method to isolate each predictable component in the time domain, allowing direct measurements of onset latency, duration and phase discontinuity values from which the involved generators were inferred. Targeting several envelope frequencies (0.22-1 kHz), we derived the EFR transfer functions along a vertical vertex-to-neck and a horizontal earlobe-to-earlobe recording channels, yielding respectively EFR-V and EFR-H waveforms. Subjects (N= 30) were sleeping children with normal electrophysiological thresholds and normal oto-acoustic emissions. Both EFR-H and EFR-V phase-locking values (PLV) transfer functions had a low-pass profile, EFR-V showing a lower cut-off frequency than EFR-H. We also computed the frequency-latency relationships of both EFRs onset latencies. EFR-H data fitted a power-law function incorporating a frequency-dependent traveling wave delay and a fixed one amounting to 1.2 ms. The fitted function nicely fell within five published estimations of the latency-frequency function of the ABR wave-I, thus pointing to a cochlear nerve origin. The absence of phase discontinuity and overall response durations that were equal to that of the stimulus indicated no contribution from a later generator. The recording of an entirely similar EFR-H response in a patient who had severe brainstem encephalitis with a normal, isolated, ABR wave-I but complete absence of later waves, further substantiated a cochlear nerve origin. Modeling of the EFR-V latency-frequency functions indicated a fixed transport time of 2 ms with respect to EFR-H onset, suggesting a cochlear nucleus (CN) origin, here also, without indication for multiple generators. Other features of the EFR-V response pointing to the CN were, at least for the EFR frequency below the cut-off values of the transfer functions, higher PLVs coupled with increased harmonic distortion. Such a behavior has been described in the so-called highly-synchronized neurons of the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). The present study compellingly demonstrated the advantage of isolating the EFR in the temporal domain so as to extract detailed spectro-temporal parameters that, combined with orthogonal recording channels, shed new light on the involved neural generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lucchetti
- Bio-, Electro- and Mechanical Systems, CP165/56, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50, Brussels 1050, Belgium; Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive, CP403/22, Brugmann Hospital, Place Van Gehuchten 4, Brussels 1020, Belgium.
| | - Antoine Nonclercq
- Bio-, Electro- and Mechanical Systems, CP165/56, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50, Brussels 1050, Belgium; Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive, CP403/22, Brugmann Hospital, Place Van Gehuchten 4, Brussels 1020, Belgium; Laboratory of Neurosensory Biophysics Unité mixte de recherche, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand F63001, France.
| | - Paul Avan
- Laboratory of Neurosensory Biophysics Unité mixte de recherche, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand F63001, France.
| | - Fabrice Giraudet
- Laboratory of Neurosensory Biophysics Unité mixte de recherche, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand F63001, France.
| | - Xiaoya Fan
- Bio-, Electro- and Mechanical Systems, CP165/56, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
| | - Paul Deltenre
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive, CP403/22, Brugmann Hospital, Place Van Gehuchten 4, Brussels 1020, Belgium.
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Study of the brainstem auditory evoked potential with speech stimulus in the pediatric population with and without oral language disorders: a systematic review. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 86:793-811. [PMID: 32768355 PMCID: PMC9422481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective Methods Result Conclusion
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Rishiq D, Harkrider A, Springer C, Hedrick M. Click-evoked and speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses from individuals with multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Lett 2020; 740:135460. [PMID: 33184036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) is more sensitive to the effects of multiple sclerosis (MS) than click-evoked ABR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven previously-confirmed MS patients (8 females, 3 males) and nine controls (7 females, 2 males), matched in age and gender, participated in a repeated-measures design. Stimuli were presented monaurally to the right ear via insert earphone. All evoked potential responses were collected by a single-channel montage where three electrodes were placed on the center of the head (Cz: non-inverting/ active), the ipsilateral earlobe (inverting/ reference) and the contralateral earlobe (ground). Rarefaction clicks of 0.1 ms duration were presented at rates of 13.30 and 91.1 clicks per second. Speech-evoked ABRs were obtained using the BioMARK software and the Bio-Logic Navigator PRO hardware. A synthesized /da/ syllable of 40-ms duration was presented via alternating polarity and at a rate of 10.9 stimuli per second. Stimuli were presented at 80 dB SPL. Speech-evoked ABR responses were obtained in quiet and in noise. RESULTS Conventional click ABR responses were absent more often at high presentation rates in control subjects than in MS patients. Speech-evoked ABR peak amplitudes, wave E latency and VA complex slope variables separated the MS patients from controls. Group differences were also found in speech-evoked ABR response correlations in quiet versus noise conditions. CONCLUSIONS The speech-evoked ABR is as or more sensitive to MS than conventional ABR measures without resort to simply noting missing peaks. Comparison of speech-evoked ABR responses in quiet and in noise highlight loss of neural synchrony in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Rishiq
- University of South Alabama, College of Allied Health Professions, The Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, 5721 USA Drive N HAHN 1119, Mobile AL 36688, USA.
| | - Ashley Harkrider
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, 578 South Stadium Hall, UT, Knoxville, TN 37996-0740, USA
| | - Cary Springer
- University of Tennessee, Research Computing Support, Office of Information Technology, 517 Greve Hall, 821 Volunteer Blvd, UT, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Mark Hedrick
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, 578 South Stadium Hall, UT, Knoxville, TN 37996-0740, USA
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Rishiq D, Harkrider A, Springer C, Hedrick M. Effects of Aging on the Subcortical Encoding of Stop Consonants. Am J Audiol 2020; 29:391-403. [PMID: 32693610 DOI: 10.1044/2020_aja-19-00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aging effects on the predominantly subcortical (brainstem) encoding of the second-formant frequency transition, an essential acoustic cue for perceiving place of articulation. Method Synthetic consonant-vowel syllables varying in second-formant onset frequency (i.e., /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ stimuli) were used to elicit speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (speech-ABRs) in 16 young adults (M age = 21 years) and 11 older adults (M age = 59 years). Repeated-measures mixed-model analyses of variance were performed on the latencies and amplitudes of the speech-ABR peaks. Fixed factors were phoneme (repeated measures on three levels: /b/ vs. /d/ vs. /g/) and age (two levels: young vs. older). Results Speech-ABR differences were observed between the two groups (young vs. older adults). Specifically, older listeners showed generalized amplitude reductions for onset and major peaks. Significant Phoneme × Group interactions were not observed. Conclusions Results showed aging effects in speech-ABR amplitudes that may reflect diminished subcortical encoding of consonants in older listeners. These aging effects were not phoneme dependent as observed using the statistical methods of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Rishiq
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, College of Allied Health Professions, University of South Alabama, Mobile
| | - Ashley Harkrider
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville
| | - Cary Springer
- Office of Information Technology, Research Computing Support, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
| | - Mark Hedrick
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville
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Tecoulesco L, Skoe E, Naigles LR. Phonetic discrimination mediates the relationship between auditory brainstem response stability and syntactic performance. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2020; 208:104810. [PMID: 32683226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Syntactic, lexical, and phonological/phonetic knowledge are vital aspects of macro level language ability. Prior research has predominantly focused on environmental or cortical sources of individual differences in these areas; however, a growing literature suggests an auditory brainstem contribution to language performance in both typically developing (TD) populations and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigates whether one aspect of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), neural response stability, which is a metric reflecting trial-by-trial consistency in the neural encoding of sound, can predict syntactic, lexical, and phonetic performance in TD and ASD school-aged children. Pooling across children with ASD and TD, results showed that higher neural stability in response to the syllable /da/ was associated with better phonetic discrimination, and with better syntactic performance on a standardized measure. Furthermore, phonetic discrimination was a successful mediator of the relationship between neural stability and syntactic performance. This study supports the growing body of literature that stable subcortical neural encoding of sound is important for successful language performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Tecoulesco
- University of Connecticut Psychological Sciences, United States.
| | - Erika Skoe
- University of Connecticut, Speech Language and Hearing Sciences, United States
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36
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Three dimensional reconstructions of the superior olivary complex from children with autism spectrum disorder. Hear Res 2020; 393:107974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Richard C, Neel ML, Jeanvoine A, Connell SM, Gehred A, Maitre NL. Characteristics of the Frequency-Following Response to Speech in Neonates and Potential Applicability in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:1618-1635. [PMID: 32407639 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We sought to critically analyze and evaluate published evidence regarding feasibility and clinical potential for predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes of the frequency-following responses (FFRs) to speech recordings in neonates (birth to 28 days). Method A systematic search of MeSH terms in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied HealthLiterature, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid Medline (R) and E-Pub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Web of Science, SCOPUS, COCHRANE Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Manual review of all items identified in the search was performed by two independent reviewers. Articles were evaluated based on the level of methodological quality and evidence according to the RTI item bank. Results Seven articles met inclusion criteria. None of the included studies reported neurodevelopmental outcomes past 3 months of age. Quality of the evidence ranged from moderate to high. Protocol variations were frequent. Conclusions Based on this systematic review, the FFR to speech can capture both temporal and spectral acoustic features in neonates. It can accurately be recorded in a fast and easy manner at the infant's bedside. However, at this time, further studies are needed to identify and validate which FFR features could be incorporated as an addition to standard evaluation of infant sound processing evaluation in subcortico-cortical networks. This review identifies the need for further research focused on identifying specific features of the neonatal FFRs, those with predictive value for early childhood outcomes to help guide targeted early speech and hearing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Richard
- Center for Perinatal Research and Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology, Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mary Lauren Neel
- Center for Perinatal Research and Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Arnaud Jeanvoine
- Center for Perinatal Research and Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Sharon Mc Connell
- Center for Perinatal Research and Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Alison Gehred
- Medical Library Division, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Nathalie L Maitre
- Center for Perinatal Research and Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Jones MK, Kraus N, Bonacina S, Nicol T, Otto-Meyer S, Roberts MY. Auditory Processing Differences in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:1608-1617. [PMID: 32407656 PMCID: PMC7842119 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Auditory processing measures have been used in an attempt to understand the relationship between neurological mechanisms and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptomatology in school-age children. The focus of the current study was to understand neural auditory processing in 2- to 3-year-olds with ASD. Method Auditory processing measures (click auditory brainstem responses and speech-evoked frequency-following responses) were hypothesized to differ between typically developing children (n = 18) and children with ASD (n = 18). Auditory processing measures were hypothesized to relate to language development in children with ASD. Results The current study found limited differences in auditory processing measures between the two groups. No relationships were found between auditory processing measures and language development measures. Conclusions Future research is necessary to characterize auditory processing in toddlers with ASD. Longitudinal approaches should be considered when studying auditory processing in children with ASD in order to explore its developmental relationship with ASD symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maranda K. Jones
- The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Nina Kraus
- The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Silvia Bonacina
- The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Trent Nicol
- The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Sebastian Otto-Meyer
- The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Megan Y. Roberts
- The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
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Lyakso E, Frolova O, Matveev Y. Speech Features and Electroencephalogram Parameters in 4- to 11-Year-Old Children. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:30. [PMID: 32231524 PMCID: PMC7088452 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study is to investigate a correlation between different levels of speech organization, indicating the physiological processes of maturation of the vocal tract structures and brain regions associated with speech and language, and basic electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms, reflecting the age-related dynamics of maturation of brain structures in children aged 4-11 years. The complex method of analysis, including EEG registration, clinical and spectral analysis of EEG; dichotic listening, identifying the profile of functional lateral asymmetry (PFLA), and phonemic hearing of the child; recording, linguistic, and acoustic analysis of child speech; and identification of speech characteristics reflecting the formation of its different levels, was used. Two complementary experimental series were conducted: the correlation between EEG parameters, speech features, dichotic listening, the PFLA, and phonemic hearing of the child in the age dynamics of 4-11 years (first); the specificity of EEG patterns in children at different stages of reading skills formation (second). The result of this study showed the correlation between acoustic and linguistic features of child speech and brain activity. The analysis of EEG and acoustic features of child speech revealed the correlation between pitch and pitch range values in spontaneous speech and theta-rhythm intensity in EEG. High values of pitch and its variation in younger children (4-6 years) are related to the intensity of theta rhythm in the EEG pattern, as this rhythm is most expressed in younger children. It was revealed that the alpha rhythm is asymmetrically localized in children with clear pronunciation of words (which determines the intelligibility of their speech) that is typical for 6.5- to 11-year-old children. The formation of reading skills in a child is associated with a change in the characteristics of the alpha rhythm-from irregular, unstable, low frequency, and low amplitude in children at the beginning of reading skills mastering to medium and low amplitude, regular, asymmetrically localized in children reading words and phrases. The specifics of the relation between brain activity and different levels of speech formation at different child's age periods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lyakso
- Laboratory of Child Speech Research Group, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Frolova
- Laboratory of Child Speech Research Group, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuri Matveev
- Laboratory of Child Speech Research Group, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Font-Alaminos M, Cornella M, Costa-Faidella J, Hervás A, Leung S, Rueda I, Escera C. Increased subcortical neural responses to repeating auditory stimulation in children with autism spectrum disorder. Biol Psychol 2020; 149:107807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Objective Comparison of the Quality and Reliability of Auditory Brainstem Response Features Elicited by Click and Speech Sounds. Ear Hear 2019; 40:447-457. [PMID: 30142101 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) are commonly generated using simple, transient stimuli (e.g., clicks or tone bursts). While resulting waveforms are undeniably valuable clinical tools, they are unlikely to be representative of responses to more complex, behaviorally relevant sounds such as speech. There has been interest in the use of more complex stimuli to elicit the ABR, with considerable work focusing on the use of synthetically generated consonant-vowel (CV) stimuli. Such responses may be sensitive to a range of clinical conditions and to the effects of auditory training. Several ABR features have been documented in response to CV stimuli; however, an important issue is how robust such features are. In the current research, we use time- and frequency-domain objective measures of quality to compare the reliability of Wave V of the click-evoked ABR to that of waves elicited by the CV stimulus /da/. DESIGN Stimuli were presented to 16 subjects at 70 dB nHL in quiet for 6000 epochs. The presence and quality of response features across subjects were examined using Fsp and a Bootstrap analysis method, which was used to assign p values to ABR features for individual recordings in both time and frequency domains. RESULTS All consistent peaks identified within the /da/-evoked response had significantly lower amplitude than Wave V of the ABR. The morphology of speech-evoked waveforms varied across subjects. Mean Fsp values for several waves of the speech-evoked ABR were below 3, suggesting low quality. The most robust response to the /da/ stimulus appeared to be an offset response. Only click-evoked Wave V showed 100% wave presence. Responses to the /da/ stimulus showed lower wave detectability. Frequency-domain analysis showed stronger and more consistent activity evoked by clicks than by /da/. Only the click ABR had consistent time-frequency domain features across all subjects. CONCLUSIONS Based on the objective analysis used within this investigation, it appears that the quality of speech-evoked ABR is generally less than that of click-evoked responses, although the quality of responses may be improved by increasing the number of epochs or the stimulation level. This may have implications for the clinical use of speech-evoked ABR.
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Smith A, Storti S, Lukose R, Kulesza RJ. Structural and Functional Aberrations of the Auditory Brainstem in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Osteopath Med 2019; 119:41-50. [PMID: 30615041 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2019.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with difficulties in the social, communicative, and behavioral domains. Most cases of ASD arise from an unknown etiologic process, but there are numerous risk factors, including comorbidities and maternal exposures. Although it is not part of the diagnostic criteria, hearing difficulties ranging from deafness to hyperacusis are present in the majority of persons with ASD. High-functioning children with ASD have been found to have significantly slower and asymmetric auditory brainstem reflexes. Additionally, histopathological studies of postmortem brainstems in decedents who had ASD have consistently revealed significantly fewer neurons in auditory nuclei compared with those in people who did not have ASD. The authors review the literature implicating auditory dysfunction in ASD along with results from human study participants and postmortem human brain tissue. Together, these results implicate significant structural and functional abnormalities in the auditory brainstem in ASD and support the utility of auditory testing to screen for ASD.
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Rosenthal MA. A systematic review of the voice-tagging hypothesis of speech-in-noise perception. Neuropsychologia 2019; 136:107256. [PMID: 31715197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The voice-tagging hypothesis claims that individuals who better represent pitch information in a speaker's voice, as measured with the frequency following response (FFR), will be better at speech-in-noise perception. The hypothesis has been provided to explain how music training might improve speech-in-noise perception. This paper reviews studies that are relevant to the voice-tagging hypothesis, including studies on musicians and nonmusicians. Most studies on musicians show greater f0 amplitude compared to controls. Most studies on nonmusicians do not show group differences in f0 amplitude. Across all studies reviewed, f0 amplitude does not consistently predict accuracy in speech-in-noise perception. The evidence suggests that music training does not improve speech-in-noise perception via enhanced subcortical representation of the f0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Rosenthal
- University of Kansas, 1450 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, Department of Psychology, United States.
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Coffey EBJ, Nicol T, White-Schwoch T, Chandrasekaran B, Krizman J, Skoe E, Zatorre RJ, Kraus N. Evolving perspectives on the sources of the frequency-following response. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5036. [PMID: 31695046 PMCID: PMC6834633 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory frequency-following response (FFR) is a non-invasive index of the fidelity of sound encoding in the brain, and is used to study the integrity, plasticity, and behavioral relevance of the neural encoding of sound. In this Perspective, we review recent evidence suggesting that, in humans, the FFR arises from multiple cortical and subcortical sources, not just subcortically as previously believed, and we illustrate how the FFR to complex sounds can enhance the wider field of auditory neuroscience. Far from being of use only to study basic auditory processes, the FFR is an uncommonly multifaceted response yielding a wealth of information, with much yet to be tapped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B J Coffey
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 1455 Boulevard de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada.
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), McGill University, 3640 de la Montagne, Montréal, QC, H3G 2A8, Canada.
| | - Trent Nicol
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Dr., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Travis White-Schwoch
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Dr., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Forbes Tower, 3600 Atwood St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Jennifer Krizman
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Dr., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Erika Skoe
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, 2 Alethia Drive, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Robert J Zatorre
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), McGill University, 3640 de la Montagne, Montréal, QC, H3G 2A8, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 rue Université, Montréal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nina Kraus
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Dr., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Dr., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, 420 E Superior St., Chicago, IL, 6011, USA
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a variety of sensory complications. Very little attention has been given to auditory neuropathic complications in DM. The aim of this study was to determine whether type 1 DM (T1DM) affects neural coding of the rapid temporal fluctuations of sounds, and how any deficits may impact on behavioral performance. Design: Participants were 30 young normal-hearing T1DM patients, and 30 age-, sex-, and audiogram-matched healthy controls. Measurements included electrophysiological measures of auditory nerve and brainstem function using the click-evoked auditory brainstem response, and of brainstem neural temporal coding using the sustained frequency-following response (FFR); behavioral tests of temporal coding (interaural phase difference discrimination and the frequency difference limen); tests of speech perception in noise; and self-report measures of auditory disability using the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale. Results: There were no significant differences between T1DM patients and controls in the auditory brainstem response. However, the T1DM group showed significantly reduced FFRs to both temporal envelope and temporal fine structure. The T1DM group also showed significantly higher interaural phase difference and frequency difference limen thresholds, worse speech-in-noise performance, as well as lower overall Speech, Spatial and Qualities scores than the control group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that T1DM is associated with degraded neural temporal coding in the brainstem in the absence of an elevation in audiometric threshold, and that the FFR may provide an early indicator of neural damage in T1DM, before any abnormalities can be identified using standard clinical tests. However, the relation between the neural deficits and the behavioral deficits is uncertain.
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Patel SP, Kim JH, Larson CR, Losh M. Mechanisms of voice control related to prosody in autism spectrum disorder and first-degree relatives. Autism Res 2019; 12:1192-1210. [PMID: 31187944 PMCID: PMC6771711 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Differences in prosody (e.g., intonation, rhythm) are among the most obvious language-related impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and significantly impact communication. Subtle prosodic differences have also been identified in a subset of clinically unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with ASD, and may reflect genetic liability to ASD. This study investigated the neural basis of prosodic differences in ASD and first-degree relatives through analysis of feedforward and feedback control involved in the planning, production, self-monitoring, and self-correction of speech by using a pitch-perturbed auditory feedback paradigm during sustained vowel and speech production. Results revealed larger vocal response magnitudes to pitch-perturbed auditory feedback across tasks in ASD and ASD parent groups, with differences in sustained vowel production driven by parents who displayed subclinical personality and language features associated with ASD (i.e., broad autism phenotype). Both ASD and ASD parent groups exhibited increased response onset latencies during sustained vowel production, while the ASD parent group exhibited decreased response onset latencies during speech production. Vocal response magnitudes across tasks were associated with prosodic atypicalities in both individuals with ASD and their parents. Exploratory event-related potential (ERP) analyses in a subgroup of participants during the sustained vowel task revealed reduced P1 ERP amplitudes in the ASD group, with similar trends observed in parents. Overall, results suggest underdeveloped feedforward systems and neural attenuation in detecting audio-vocal feedback may contribute to ASD-related prosodic atypicalities. Importantly, results implicate atypical audio-vocal integration as a marker of genetic risk to ASD, evident in ASD and among clinically unaffected relatives. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1192-1210. © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has identified atypicalities in prosody (e.g., intonation) in individuals with ASD and a subset of their first-degree relatives. In order to better understand the mechanisms underlying prosodic differences in ASD, this study examined how individuals with ASD and their parents responded to unexpected differences in what they heard themselves say to modify control of their voice (i.e., audio-vocal integration). Results suggest that disruptions to audio-vocal integration in individuals with ASD contribute to ASD-related prosodic atypicalities, and the more subtle differences observed in parents could reflect underlying genetic liability to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani P. Patel
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and DisordersNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
| | - Jason H. Kim
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and DisordersNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
| | - Charles R. Larson
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and DisordersNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
| | - Molly Losh
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and DisordersNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
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Jalaei B, Azmi MHAM, Zakaria MN. Gender differences in binaural speech-evoked auditory brainstem response: are they clinically significant? Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 85:486-493. [PMID: 29858160 PMCID: PMC9443033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Binaurally evoked auditory evoked potentials have good diagnostic values when testing subjects with central auditory deficits. The literature on speech-evoked auditory brainstem response evoked by binaural stimulation is in fact limited. Gender disparities in speech-evoked auditory brainstem response results have been consistently noted but the magnitude of gender difference has not been reported. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to compare the magnitude of gender difference in speech-evoked auditory brainstem response results between monaural and binaural stimulations. METHODS A total of 34 healthy Asian adults aged 19-30 years participated in this comparative study. Eighteen of them were females (mean age=23.6±2.3 years) and the remaining sixteen were males (mean age=22.0±2.3 years). For each subject, speech-evoked auditory brainstem response was recorded with the synthesized syllable /da/ presented monaurally and binaurally. RESULTS While latencies were not affected (p>0.05), the binaural stimulation produced statistically higher speech-evoked auditory brainstem response amplitudes than the monaural stimulation (p<0.05). As revealed by large effect sizes (d>0.80), substantive gender differences were noted in most of speech-evoked auditory brainstem response peaks for both stimulation modes. CONCLUSION The magnitude of gender difference between the two stimulation modes revealed some distinct patterns. Based on these clinically significant results, gender-specific normative data are highly recommended when using speech-evoked auditory brainstem response for clinical and future applications. The preliminary normative data provided in the present study can serve as the reference for future studies on this test among Asian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Jalaei
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Audiology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohd Hafiz Afifi Mohd Azmi
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Health Sciences, Audiology and Speech Pathology Programme, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Normani Zakaria
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Health Sciences, Audiology and Speech Pathology Programme, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Human Frequency Following Responses to Vocoded Speech: Amplitude Modulation Versus Amplitude Plus Frequency Modulation. Ear Hear 2019; 41:300-311. [PMID: 31246660 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The most commonly employed speech processing strategies in cochlear implants (CIs) only extract and encode amplitude modulation (AM) in a limited number of frequency channels. proposed a novel speech processing strategy that encodes both frequency modulation (FM) and AM to improve CI performance. Using behavioral tests, they reported better speech, speaker, and tone recognition with this novel strategy than with the AM-alone strategy. Here, we used the scalp-recorded human frequency following responses (FFRs) to examine the differences in the neural representation of vocoded speech sounds with AM alone and AM + FM as the spectral and temporal cues were varied. Specifically, we were interested in determining whether the addition of FM to AM improved the neural representation of envelope periodicity (FFRENV) and temporal fine structure (FFRTFS), as reflected in the temporal pattern of the phase-locked neural activity generating the FFR. DESIGN FFRs were recorded from 13 normal-hearing, adult listeners in response to the original unprocessed stimulus (a synthetic diphthong /au/ with a 110-Hz fundamental frequency or F0 and a 250-msec duration) and the 2-, 4-, 8- and 16-channel sine vocoded versions of /au/ with AM alone and AM + FM. Temporal waveforms, autocorrelation analyses, fast Fourier Transform, and stimulus-response spectral correlations were used to analyze both the strength and fidelity of the neural representation of envelope periodicity (F0) and TFS (formant structure). RESULTS The periodicity strength in the FFRENV decreased more for the AM stimuli than for the relatively resilient AM + FM stimuli as the number of channels was increased. Regardless of the number of channels, a clear spectral peak of FFRENV was consistently observed at the stimulus F0 for all the AM + FM stimuli but not for the AM stimuli. Neural representation as revealed by the spectral correlation of FFRTFS was better for the AM + FM stimuli when compared to the AM stimuli. Neural representation of the time-varying formant-related harmonics as revealed by the spectral correlation was also better for the AM + FM stimuli as compared to the AM stimuli. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with previously reported behavioral results and suggest that the AM + FM processing strategy elicited brainstem neural activity that better preserved periodicity, temporal fine structure, and time-varying spectral information than the AM processing strategy. The relatively more robust neural representation of AM + FM stimuli observed here likely contributes to the superior performance on speech, speaker, and tone recognition with the AM + FM processing strategy. Taken together, these results suggest that neural information preserved in the FFR may be used to evaluate signal processing strategies considered for CIs.
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Chen J, Liang C, Wei Z, Cui Z, Kong X, Dong C, Lai Y, Peng Z, Wan G. Atypical longitudinal development of speech‐evoked auditory brainstem response in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism Res 2019; 12:1022-1031. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jierong Chen
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University Shenzhen China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of PsychologySouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University Shenzhen China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University Shenzhen China
| | - Zitian Cui
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University Shenzhen China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of PsychologySouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Xuejun Kong
- Martinos Center, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Charlestown Massachusetts
| | - Cun‐jian Dong
- Martinos Center, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Charlestown Massachusetts
| | - Yuan Lai
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of PsychologySouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Ziwen Peng
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of PsychologySouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
- Department of Child PsychiatryShenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Guobin Wan
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University Shenzhen China
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Xie Z, Reetzke R, Chandrasekaran B. Machine Learning Approaches to Analyze Speech-Evoked Neurophysiological Responses. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:587-601. [PMID: 30950746 PMCID: PMC6802895 DOI: 10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-astm-18-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Speech-evoked neurophysiological responses are often collected to answer clinically and theoretically driven questions concerning speech and language processing. Here, we highlight the practical application of machine learning (ML)-based approaches to analyzing speech-evoked neurophysiological responses. Method Two categories of ML-based approaches are introduced: decoding models, which generate a speech stimulus output using the features from the neurophysiological responses, and encoding models, which use speech stimulus features to predict neurophysiological responses. In this review, we focus on (a) a decoding model classification approach, wherein speech-evoked neurophysiological responses are classified as belonging to 1 of a finite set of possible speech events (e.g., phonological categories), and (b) an encoding model temporal response function approach, which quantifies the transformation of a speech stimulus feature to continuous neural activity. Results We illustrate the utility of the classification approach to analyze early electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to Mandarin lexical tone categories from a traditional experimental design, and to classify EEG responses to English phonemes evoked by natural continuous speech (i.e., an audiobook) into phonological categories (plosive, fricative, nasal, and vowel). We also demonstrate the utility of temporal response function to predict EEG responses to natural continuous speech from acoustic features. Neural metrics from the 3 examples all exhibit statistically significant effects at the individual level. Conclusion We propose that ML-based approaches can complement traditional analysis approaches to analyze neurophysiological responses to speech signals and provide a deeper understanding of natural speech and language processing using ecologically valid paradigms in both typical and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Xie
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Rachel Reetzke
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh
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