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Olszewska M, Malcher A, Stokowy T, Pollock N, Berman AJ, Budkiewicz S, Kamieniczna M, Jackowiak H, Suszynska-Zajczyk J, Jedrzejczak P, Yatsenko AN, Kurpisz M. Effects of Tcte1 knockout on energy chain transportation and spermatogenesis: implications for male infertility. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae020. [PMID: 38650655 PMCID: PMC11035007 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is the Tcte1 mutation causative for male infertility? SUMMARY ANSWER Our collected data underline the complex and devastating effect of the single-gene mutation on the testicular molecular network, leading to male reproductive failure. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Recent data have revealed mutations in genes related to axonemal dynein arms as causative for morphology and motility abnormalities in spermatozoa of infertile males, including dysplasia of fibrous sheath (DFS) and multiple morphological abnormalities in the sperm flagella (MMAF). The nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC) coordinates the dynein arm activity and is built from the DRC1-DRC7 proteins. DRC5 (TCTE1), one of the N-DRC elements, has already been reported as a candidate for abnormal sperm flagella beating; however, only in a restricted manner with no clear explanation of respective observations. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION Using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique, a mouse Tcte1 gene knockout line was created on the basis of the C57Bl/6J strain. The mouse reproductive potential, semen characteristics, testicular gene expression levels, sperm ATP, and testis apoptosis level measurements were then assessed, followed by visualization of N-DRC proteins in sperm, and protein modeling in silico. Also, a pilot genomic sequencing study of samples from human infertile males (n = 248) was applied for screening of TCTE1 variants. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS To check the reproductive potential of KO mice, adult animals were crossed for delivery of three litters per caged pair, but for no longer than for 6 months, in various combinations of zygosity. All experiments were performed for wild-type (WT, control group), heterozygous Tcte1+/- and homozygous Tcte1-/- male mice. Gross anatomy was performed on testis and epididymis samples, followed by semen analysis. Sequencing of RNA (RNAseq; Illumina) was done for mice testis tissues. STRING interactions were checked for protein-protein interactions, based on changed expression levels of corresponding genes identified in the mouse testis RNAseq experiments. Immunofluorescence in situ staining was performed to detect the N-DRC complex proteins: Tcte1 (Drc5), Drc7, Fbxl13 (Drc6), and Eps8l1 (Drc3) in mouse spermatozoa. To determine the amount of ATP in spermatozoa, the luminescence level was measured. In addition, immunofluorescence in situ staining was performed to check the level of apoptosis via caspase 3 visualization on mouse testis samples. DNA from whole blood samples of infertile males (n = 137 with non-obstructive azoospermia or cryptozoospermia, n = 111 samples with a spectrum of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, including n = 47 with asthenozoospermia) was extracted to perform genomic sequencing (WGS, WES, or Sanger). Protein prediction modeling of human-identified variants and the exon 3 structure deleted in the mouse knockout was also performed. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE No progeny at all was found for the homozygous males which were revealed to have oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, while heterozygous animals were fertile but manifested oligozoospermia, suggesting haploinsufficiency. RNA-sequencing of the testicular tissue showed the influence of Tcte1 mutations on the expression pattern of 21 genes responsible for mitochondrial ATP processing or linked with apoptosis or spermatogenesis. In Tcte1-/- males, the protein was revealed in only residual amounts in the sperm head nucleus and was not transported to the sperm flagella, as were other N-DRC components. Decreased ATP levels (2.4-fold lower) were found in the spermatozoa of homozygous mice, together with disturbed tail:midpiece ratios, leading to abnormal sperm tail beating. Casp3-positive signals (indicating apoptosis) were observed in spermatogonia only, at a similar level in all three mouse genotypes. Mutation screening of human infertile males revealed one novel and five ultra-rare heterogeneous variants (predicted as disease-causing) in 6.05% of the patients studied. Protein prediction modeling of identified variants revealed changes in the protein surface charge potential, leading to disruption in helix flexibility or its dynamics, thus suggesting disrupted interactions of TCTE1 with its binding partners located within the axoneme. LARGE SCALE DATA All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. RNAseq data are available in the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) under the accession number GSE207805. The results described in the publication are based on whole-genome or exome sequencing data which includes sensitive information in the form of patient-specific germline variants. Information regarding such variants must not be shared publicly following European Union legislation, therefore access to raw data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION In the study, the in vitro fertilization performance of sperm from homozygous male mice was not checked. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study contains novel and comprehensive data concerning the role of TCTE1 in male infertility. The TCTE1 gene is the next one that should be added to the 'male infertility list' because of its crucial role in spermatogenesis and proper sperm functioning. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by National Science Centre in Poland, grants no.: 2015/17/B/NZ2/01157 and 2020/37/B/NZ5/00549 (to M.K.), 2017/26/D/NZ5/00789 (to A.M.), and HD096723, GM127569-03, NIH SAP #4100085736 PA DoH (to A.N.Y.). The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Malcher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stokowy
- Scientific Computing Group, IT Division, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nijole Pollock
- Department of OB/GYN and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrea J Berman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sylwia Budkiewicz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Hanna Jackowiak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Jedrzejczak
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alexander N Yatsenko
- Department of OB/GYN and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Smyth SP, Nixon B, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Burke ND, Bromfield EG. Building an Understanding of Proteostasis in Reproductive Cells: The Impact of Reactive Carbonyl Species on Protein Fate. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38115641 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Stringent regulation of protein homeostasis pathways, under both physiological and pathological conditions, is necessary for the maintenance of proteome fidelity and optimal cell functioning. However, when challenged by endogenous or exogenous stressors, these proteostasis pathways can become dysregulated with detrimental consequences for protein fate, cell survival, and overall organism health. Most notably, there are numerous somatic pathologies associated with a loss of proteostatic regulation, including neurodegenerative disorders, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Recent Advances: Lipid oxidation-derived reactive carbonyl species (RCS), such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and malondialdehyde, are relatively underappreciated purveyors of proteostatic dysregulation, which elicit their effects via the nonenzymatic post-translational modification of proteins. Emerging evidence suggests that a subset of germline proteins can serve as substrates for 4HNE modification. Among these, prevalent targets include succinate dehydrogenase, heat shock protein A2 and A-kinase anchor protein 4, all of which are intrinsically associated with fertility. Critical Issues: Despite growing knowledge in this field, the RCS adductomes of spermatozoa and oocytes are yet to be comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, the manner by which RCS-mediated adduction impacts protein fate and drives cellular responses, such as protein aggregation, requires further examination in the germline. Given that RCS-protein adduction has been attributed a role in infertility, there has been sparked research investment into strategies to prevent lipid peroxidation in germ cells. Future Directions: An increased depth of knowledge regarding the mechanisms and substrates of RCS-mediated protein modification in reproductive cells may reveal important targets for the development of novel therapies to improve fertility and pregnancy outcomes for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon P Smyth
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David A Skerrett-Byrne
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nathan D Burke
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Nazanin M, Razi M, Tolouei-Azar J. Effect of running exercise training on inflammatory mediators and cytokines expression in testicular tissue; effect of exercise intensity. Life Sci 2024; 339:122397. [PMID: 38185243 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of running exercise training protocols (ETPs) with varying intensities on inflammatory responses, with a specific focus on the interactions between inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and Leydig cell steroidogenic activity, as well as testosterone secretion. To this end, 24 Wistar rats were subdivided into sedentary control, low (LICT), moderate (MICT), and high (HICT) intensity continuous running ETP groups. After 8 weeks, the expression levels of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-KB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the testicular nitric oxide (NO) content were assessed and compared between groups. Moreover, the mean distributions of Leydig cells/mm2 of interstitial connective tissue, their steroidogenic activity, and serum level of testosterone were assessed. The LICT did not show any significant (p > 0.05) change in the expression levels of all aforementioned biomarkers. In contrast, both the MICT and HICT groups demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the expression levels of TLR-4, NFK-B, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 at both the mRNA and protein levels. The testicular NO has increased in HICT and MICT groups. Despite a decrease in the distribution of Leydig cells in both the MICT and HICT groups, the HICT group exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in Leydig cell steroidogenic activity and serum testosterone levels. In conclusion, our findings revealed that ETPs can influence Leydig cell steroidogenic activity and testosterone secretion, contingent on their intensity. These effects are attributed to alterations in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozaffari Nazanin
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Javad Tolouei-Azar
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Daneshgah Blv, Urmia, Iran
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Burke S. Hypoxia, NSAIDs, and autism: A biocultural analysis of stressors in gametogenesis. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24042. [PMID: 38282542 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cultural and generational trends have increasingly favored "anti-inflammatory" action, innovating a new class of analgesic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the 20th century. The modern human body has been molded over evolutionary time and while acknowledging inflammation can be pathologically entwined, it also serves an important role in healthy folliculogenesis and ovulation, shaping cues that drive needed vascular change. This review argues that because of anti-inflammatory action, the cultural invention of NSAIDs represents a particular stressor on female reproductive-age bodies, interacting with natural, underlying variation and placing limits on healthy growth and development in the follicles, creating potential autism risk through hypoxia and mutagenic or epigenetic effects. Since testes are analogs to ovaries, the biological grounding extends naturally to spermatogenesis. This review suggests the introduction of over-the-counter NSAIDs in the 1980s failed to recognize the unique functioning of reproductive-age bodies, challenging the cyclical inflammation needed for healthy gamete development. NSAIDs are framed as one (notable) stressor in an anti-inflammatory era focused on taming the risks of inflammation in modern human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacie Burke
- Department of Anthropology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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5
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Minas A, de Oliveira Rodrigues L, Camargo M, Bertolla RP. Insight into inflammation involvement in varicocele: A narrative review. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13786. [PMID: 37881120 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicocele is one of the main causes of male infertility. Although the pathophysiology mechanism of varicocele is very well described and understood, there are some unanswered questions that remains unknown. Some studies have previously described the state of testicular inflammation and sperm in animal models, especially the mouse model, and the seminal plasma of men with varicocele, with or without changes in semen parameters. METHODS OF STUDY This review intended to verify the role of inflammatory mechanism in varicocele, using clinical studies as well as animal model studies on the effect of inflammation caused by varicocele on the function of testicular somatic and germ cells. RESULTS In-vivo studies confirmed whether anti-inflammatory molecules could treat the semen of men with varicocele and rats with varicocele. The use of different anti-inflammatory agents in mouse model studies provided a new perspective for future clinical studies to investigate the effect of concurrent treatment with surgery to improve surgical outcomes. CONCLUSION Similar to animal model studies, previously conducted clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory therapy in varicocele patients. However, clinical trials using anti-inflammatory are needed to be conducted agents to evaluate different aspects of this therapeutical approach in varicocele patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Minas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa de Oliveira Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camargo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pimenta Bertolla
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Faiad W, Soukkarieh C, Hanano A. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induces multigenerational testicular toxicity and biosynthetic disorder of testosterone in BALB/C mice: Transcriptional, histopathological and hormonal determinants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115233. [PMID: 37421896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent environmental contaminant, is an endocrine disrupter with a proven reproductive toxicity in mammals. However, its effects on male fertility across generations are still elusive. The current work evaluates the toxicity of dioxin on male reproductive system in two separate groups of BALB/C mice; a group of pubertal males directly exposed to TCDD (referred to as DEmG), and a group of indirectly exposed males (referred to as IDEmG) comprises of F1, F2 and F3 males born from TCDD-exposed pregnant females. Both groups were exposed to 25 μg TCDD/kg body weight for a week. Our data show that males of TCDD-DEmG exhibited significant alterations in the expression of certain genes involved in the detoxification of TCDD and the biosynthesis of testosterone. This was accompanied with testicular pathological symptoms, including a sloughing in the germinal epithelium and a congestion of blood vessels in interstitial tissue with the presence of multinuclear cells into seminiferous tubule, with a 4-fold decline in the level of serum testosterone and reduced sperm count. Otherwise, the male reproductive toxicity across F1, F2 and F3 generations from TCDD-IDEmG was mainly characterized by: i) a reduce in body and testis weight. ii) a decrease in gene expression of steriodogenesis enzyme, e.g., AhR, CYP1A1, CYP11A1, COX1, COX2, LOX5 and LOX12. iii) a remarked and similar testicular histopathology that found for DEmG, iv) a serious decline in serum testosterone. v) a decreased male-to-female ratio. vi) a low sperm count with increasing abnormalities. Thus, pubertal or maternal exposure to TCDD provokes multigenerational male reproductive toxicity in mice, ultimately affecting the spermatogenesis and suggesting that the hormonal alternation and sperm abnormality are the most marked effects of the indirect exposure of mammalian male to TCDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Faiad
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria.
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Minas A, Costa LVS, Miyazaki MA, Antoniassi MP. Insight toward inflammasome complex contribution to male infertility. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13734. [PMID: 37491934 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, a wide range of factors involved in the physiopathology of male infertility disease have been discussed. The inflammation role in some of the main infertility-related diseases has been studied, such as varicocele, spinal cord injury and obesity. Inflammation is the main response of the immune system to infection or cell damage, leading to intense inflammatory cytokine release during the loss of homeostasis. One of the first steps toward pro-inflammatory cytokines release is the recognition of dangerous signals by the immune cells, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These molecules can activate an important multiprotein complex, called inflammasome. Although these complexes have been studied during the last decades, their participation in male infertility has gained attention recently. Considering the inflammasome complex's high potential to be targeted for drug therapy, this review tries to shed light on current literature. Therefore, in the current review paper, we aimed to discuss the inflammasome complex activation, involvement in different male infertility conditions, and localization in the male reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Minas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vasconcelos Soares Costa
- Laboratory of Ontogeny of Lymphocytes, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mika Alexia Miyazaki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira Antoniassi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abdelnour SA, Sindi RA, Abd El-Hack ME, Khalifa NE, Khafaga AF, Noreldin AE, Samir H, Tufarelli V, Losacco C, Gamal M, Imam MS, Swelum AA. Quercetin: Putative effects on the function of cryopreserved sperms in domestic animals. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:191-206. [PMID: 36337040 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most used antioxidant flavonoids and largely exists in many fruits and vegetables because of its capability to scavenge the free reactive oxygen species (ROSs) by repressing lipid peroxy radical fusion, metal ion chelating through enzyme inhibition, and adopting the repair mechanisms. It also exhibits various biological actions, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, it contributes well to sustaining the endogenous cellular antioxidant defence system. The process of cryopreservation is associated with increased oxidative stress, and some steps are potential sources of ROSs, including the method of semen collection, handling, cryopreservation culture media, and thawing, which result in impaired sperm function. Several antioxidants have been proposed to counteract the harmful impact of ROS during semen cryopreservation. The antioxidant capability of quercetin has been verified in different animal species for providing valuable defence to sperm during the cryopreservation process. The beneficial properties of quercetin on various parameters of fresh and post-thaw sperm in different species are clarified in this review. More in-depth investigations are required to clarify quercetin's mechanism of action in different animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ramya A Sindi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fuka, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Mohammed Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Imam
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.,Clinical Pharmacy Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Burke ND, Nixon B, Roman SD, Schjenken JE, Walters JLH, Aitken RJ, Bromfield EG. Male infertility and somatic health - insights into lipid damage as a mechanistic link. Nat Rev Urol 2022; 19:727-750. [PMID: 36100661 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-022-00640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, mounting evidence has shown an alarming association between male subfertility and poor somatic health, with substantial evidence supporting the increased incidence of oncological disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and autoimmune diseases in men who have previously received a subfertility diagnosis. This paradigm is concerning, but might also provide a novel window for a crucial health reform in which the infertile phenotype could serve as an indication of potential pathological conditions. One of the major limiting factors in this association is the poor understanding of the molecular features that link infertility with comorbidities across the life course. Enzymes involved in the lipid oxidation process might provide novel clues to reconcile the mechanistic basis of infertility with incident pathological conditions. Building research capacity in this area is essential to enhance the early detection of disease states and provide crucial information about the disease risk of offspring conceived through assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Burke
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shaun D Roman
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Drug Development, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John E Schjenken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica L H Walters
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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Bang S, Tanga BM, Fang X, Seong G, Saadeldin IM, Qamar AY, Lee S, Kim KJ, Park YJ, Nabeel AHT, Yu IJ, Cooray A, Lee KP, Cho J. Cryopreservation of Pig Semen Using a Quercetin-Supplemented Freezing Extender. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12081155. [PMID: 36013334 PMCID: PMC9410179 DOI: 10.3390/life12081155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during freeze−thaw procedures cause oxidative damage to the sperm, reducing fertility. We aimed to improve the post-thaw quality of pig sperm by quercetin (QRN) supplementation to reduce the cryodamage associated with the freeze−thaw procedure. Four equal aliquots of pooled boar semen were diluted with a freezing extender supplemented with different concentrations of QRN (0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) and then were subjected to cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen. Semen analysis was performed following 7 days of cryopreservation. Results demonstrated that the semen samples supplemented with 50 µM QRN significantly improved the post-thaw sperm quality than those subjected to other supplementations (p < 0.05). Semen samples supplemented with 50 µM QRN showed significantly improved plasma membrane functional integrity (47.5 ± 1.4 vs. 43.1 ± 4.1, 45.3 ± 1.7, and 44.1 ± 1.4) and acrosome integrity (73.6 ± 3.4 vs. 66.3 ± 2.4, 66.7 ± 3.6, and 68.3 ± 32.9) as compared to the control, 25 µM, and 100 µM QRN groups, respectively. The mitochondrial activity of the 50 µM QRN group was greater than control and 25 µM QRN groups (43.0 ± 1.0 vs. 39.1 ± 0.9 and 41.9 ± 1.0) but showed no difference with the 100 µM QRN group. Moreover, the 50 µM QRN group showed a higher sperm number displaced to 1 cm and 3 cm points in the artificial mucus than other groups. Therefore, supplementing the freezing extender with QRN can serve as an effective tool to reduce the magnitude of oxidative damage associated with sperm freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonggyu Bang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Xun Fang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Gyeonghwan Seong
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Islam M. Saadeldin
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Yar Qamar
- Collage of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Keun-Jung Kim
- Livestock Experiment Institute, Government of Chungcheongnam-do, Cheongyang-gun 33303, Korea; (K.-J.K.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Yun-Jae Park
- Livestock Experiment Institute, Government of Chungcheongnam-do, Cheongyang-gun 33303, Korea; (K.-J.K.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Abdelbagi Hamad Talha Nabeel
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (A.H.T.N.); (I.-j.Y.)
| | - Il-jeoung Yu
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (A.H.T.N.); (I.-j.Y.)
| | - Akila Cooray
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (A.C.); (K.P.L.)
| | - Kyu Pil Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (A.C.); (K.P.L.)
| | - Jongki Cho
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.B.); (B.M.T.); (X.F.); (G.S.); (I.M.S.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-821-6788; Fax: +82-72-821-89
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11
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Shamhari A‘A, Abd Hamid Z, Budin SB, Shamsudin NJ, Taib IS. Bisphenol A and Its Analogues Deteriorate the Hormones Physiological Function of the Male Reproductive System: A Mini-Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1744. [PMID: 34829973 PMCID: PMC8615890 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BPA is identified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical that deteriorates the physiological function of the hormones of the male reproductive system. Bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) are actively explored as substitutes for BPA and are known as BPA analogues in most manufacturing industries. These analogues may demonstrate the same adverse effects as BPA on the male reproductive system; however, toxicological data explaining the male reproductive hormones' physiological functions are still limited. Hence, this mini-review discusses the effects of BPA and its analogues on the physiological functions of hormones in the male reproductive system, focusing on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, steroidogenesis, and spermatogenesis outcomes. The BPA analogues mainly show a similar negative effect on the hormones' physiological functions, proven by alterations in the HPG axis and steroidogenesis via activation of the aromatase activity and reduction of spermatogenesis outcomes when compared to BPA in in vitro and in vivo studies. Human biomonitoring studies also provide significant adverse effects on the physiological functions of hormones in the male reproductive system. In conclusion, BPA and its analogues deteriorate the physiological functions of hormones in the male reproductive system as per in vitro, in vivo, and human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma’ ‘Afifah Shamhari
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Nurul Jehan Shamsudin
- Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
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12
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Faki Y, Er A. Different Chemical Structures and Physiological/Pathological Roles of Cyclooxygenases. Rambam Maimonides Med J 2021; 12:RMMJ.10426. [PMID: 33245277 PMCID: PMC7835113 DOI: 10.5041/rmmj.10426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes cyclooxygenase (COX), which synthesizes prostanoids that play an important role in living things. The authors conducted a national and international literature review on the subject. The COX enzyme uses arachidonic acid to form prostanoids, which play a role in several physiological and pathological conditions. This enzyme has different isoforms, mainly COX-1 and COX-2. The constitutive isoform is COX-1, while COX-2 is the inducible isoform. Both are expressed in different tissues and at different levels, but they may also coexist within the same tissue. Both isoforms show essentially the same mode of action, but their substrates and inhibitors may differ. The COX-1 isoform, which plays a role in the continuation of physiological events, has an increased expression level in various carcinomas, and the COX-2 isoform, which is increased in inflammatory conditions, is typically expressed at low physiological levels in some tissues such as the brain, kidney, and uterus. In addition to investigating the efficacies of the COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms, the discovery of potential new COX enzymes and their effect continues. This review also looks at the roles of the COX enzyme in certain physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayse Er
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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13
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The Role of Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid Derivatives in Pathological Pregnancies and the Human Reproduction Process. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249628. [PMID: 33348841 PMCID: PMC7766587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the available literature review was to focus on the role of the proinflammatory mediators of AA and LA derivatives in pathological conditions related to reproduction and pregnancy. Arachidonic (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) derivatives play important roles in human fertility and the course of pathological pregnancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that uncontrolled inflammation has a significant impact on reproduction, spermatogenesis, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) genesis, implantation, pregnancy and labor. In addition, cyclooxygenase-mediated prostaglandins and AA metabolite levels are higher in women’s ovarian tissue when suffering from PCOS. It has been demonstrated that abnormal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels are associated with ovulation failure, infertility, and implantation disorders and the increase in 9-HODE/13-HODE was a feature recognized in PCOS patients. Maintaining inflammation without neutrophil participation allows pregnant women to tolerate the fetus, while excessive inflammatory activation may lead to miscarriages and other pathological complications in pregnancies. Additionally AA and LA derivatives play an important role in pregnancy pathologies, e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia (PE), and fetal growth, among others. The pathogenesis of PE and other pathological states in pregnancy involving eicosanoids have not been fully identified. A significant expression of 15-LOX-1,2 was found in women with PE, leading to an increase in the synthesis of AA and LA derivatives, such as hydroxyeicozatetraenoic acids (HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadiene acids (HODE). Synthesis of the metabolites 5-, 8-, 12-, and 15-HETE increased in the placenta, while 20-HETE increased only in umbilical cord blood in women with preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancies. In obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) an increase in epoxygenase products in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and the level of 20-HETE associated with the occurrence of insulin resistance (IR) were found. In addition, 12- and 20-HETE levels were associated with arterial vasoconstriction and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) with arterial vasodilatation and uterine relaxation. Furthermore, higher levels of 5- and 15-HETE were associated with premature labor. By analyzing the influence of free fatty acids (FFA) and their derivatives on male reproduction, it was found that an increase in the AA in semen reduces its amount and the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids showed higher values in infertile men compared to the fertile control group. There are several studies on the role of HETE/HODE in relation to male fertility. 15-Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid may affect the integrity of the membrane and sperm function. Moreover, the incubation of sperm with physiologically low levels of prostaglandins (PGE2/PGF2α) improves the functionality of human sperm. Undoubtedly, these problems are still insufficiently understood and require further research. However, HETE and HODE could serve as predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for pregnancy pathologies (especially in women with risk factors for overweight and obesity). Such knowledge may be helpful in finding new treatment strategies for infertility and the course of high-risk pregnancies.
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14
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Razi M, Tavalaee M, Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei F, Moazamian A, Gharagozloo P, Drevet JR, Nasr-Eshafani MH. Varicocoele and oxidative stress: New perspectives from animal and human studies. Andrology 2020; 9:546-558. [PMID: 33145958 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicocoele (VCL), one of the main causes of male subfertility, negatively affects testicular function. Due to limited access to human testicular tissue, animal model studies have been used to evaluate molecular and, recently, epigenetic changes attributed to pathophysiology induced by VCL. OBJECTIVES This review aims to provide an update on the latest findings regarding the link between VCL-induced biochemical stress and molecular changes in germ cells and spermatozoa. Endocrine and antioxidant status, testicular chaperone-specific hemostasis failure, altered testicular ion balance, metabolic disorders, and altered carbon cycling during spermatogenesis are among the many features that will be presented. DISCUSSION Literature review coupled with our own findings suggests that ionic imbalance, hypoxia, hyperthermia, and altered blood flow could lead to severe chronic oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with VCL leading to defective spermatogenesis and impairment of the integrity of all sperm cell components and compartments down to the epigenetic information they carry. CONCLUSION Since oxidative stress is an important feature of the reproductive pathology of VCL, therapeutic strategies such as the administration of appropriate antioxidants could be undertaken as a complementary non-invasive treatment line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farshid Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | | | - Joël R Drevet
- Faculty of Medicine, GReD Institute, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Nasr-Eshafani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Santos HO, Teixeira FJ. Use of medicinal doses of zinc as a safe and efficient coadjutant in the treatment of male hypogonadism. Aging Male 2020; 23:669-678. [PMID: 30767598 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2019.1573220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypogonadism affects an extensive part of the male population, especially among the elderly. The quest for treatment regarding low levels of serum testosterone and male infertility has, therefore, worldwide relevance. Zinc has important biological actions insofar as the male reproductive physiology and endocrine system. In general, a common and safe recommendation for zinc in the treatment of male hypogonadism is 220 mg of zinc sulfate (equivalent to 50 mg of elemental zinc) twice a day, over one to four months. Additionally, it may be further required to extend, both the treatment, dose and daily fractionation of this mineral. Albeit medicinal doses of zinc may increase total testosterone and improve sperm count, the current body of evidence does not suggest broad recommendations regarding the use of zinc for all types of hypogonadism. In many cases, the use of zinc supplements is insufficient, with the use of surgery and drugs being required for an effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - Filipe J Teixeira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise Faculty of Human Kinetics, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
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16
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Liu Y, Zhang F, Dai L. Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) as an indicator of sperm quality in humans. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13537. [PMID: 32100333 DOI: 10.1111/and.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm quality is important for in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the treatment of human infertility. The purpose of this study was to screen for biomarkers that could evaluate sperm quality. We analysed semen samples in 172 fertile males; multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of COX1 (17.5 ng/ml) in seminal plasma may represent a useful biomarker for sperm quality (area under the curve: 0.745; sensitivity: 0.808; specificity: 0.722). Analysis indicated that the values of parameters related to sperm quality changed significantly (p < .05) between COX1 level ≥ 17.5 ng/ml group and COX1 level < 17.5 ng/ml group. Further analysis of two consecutive semen samples (1-hr interval) from 48 subjects revealed that the first semen samples (COX1 levels ≥ 17.5 ng/ml) had a higher sperm concentration and a larger proportion of spermatozoa showing progressive motility, a lower rate of sperm DNA fragmentation and a lower proportion of spermatozoa undergoing the acrosome reaction spontaneously (p < .05); identical results were observed for the second semen samples. These data indicated that COX1 could be used as an indicator for sperm status and may be helpful for identifying better quality spermatozoa for artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Liu
- Reproductive Center, Yinchuan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Reproductive Center, Yinchuan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Reproductive Center, Yinchuan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Yinchuan, China
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17
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Manku G, Papadopoulos P, Boisvert A, Culty M. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression and prostaglandin synthesis in neonatal rat testicular germ cells: Effects of acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Andrology 2019; 8:691-705. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Manku
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Medicine McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Philippos Papadopoulos
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Regulatory and Quality Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Annie Boisvert
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Medicine McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Martine Culty
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Medicine McGill University Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
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18
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Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Samanta L, Vij SC, Parekh N, Sabanegh E, Tadros NN, Arafa M, Sharma R. Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on the Sperm Proteome of Idiopathic Infertile Men. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E488. [PMID: 31623114 PMCID: PMC6827009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant supplementation in idiopathic male infertility has a beneficial effect on semen parameters. However, the molecular mechanism behind this effect has not been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sperm proteome of idiopathic infertile men pre- and post-antioxidant supplementation. Idiopathic infertile men were provided with oral antioxidant supplementation once daily for a period of 6 months. Of the 379 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between pre- and post-antioxidant treatment patients, the majority of the proteins (n = 274) were overexpressed following antioxidant treatment. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the activation of oxidative phosphorylation pathway and upregulation of key proteins involved in spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, binding of sperm, fertilization and normal reproductive function. In addition, the transcriptional factors associated with antioxidant defense system (PPARGC1A) and free radical scavenging (NFE2L2) were predicted to be functionally activated post-treatment. Key DEPs, namely, NDUFS1, CCT3, PRKARA1 and SPA17 validated by Western blot showed significant overexpression post-treatment. Our novel proteomic findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation in idiopathic infertile men improves sperm function at the molecular level by modulating proteins involved in CREM signaling, mitochondrial function and protein oxidation. Further, activation of TRiC complex helped in nuclear compaction, maintenance of telomere length, flagella function, and expression of zona pellucida receptors for sperm-oocyte interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Luna Samanta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, India.
| | - Sarah C Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Edmund Sabanegh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Nicholas N Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62769, USA.
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 00974, Qatar.
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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19
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Hassani-Bafrani H, Najaran H, Razi M, Rashtbari H. Berberine ameliorates experimental varicocele-induced damages at testis and sperm levels; evidences for oxidative stress and inflammation. Andrologia 2018; 51:e13179. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hassani-Bafrani
- Gametogenesis Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
| | - Hamed Najaran
- Gametogenesis Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Science, Comparative Histology and Embryology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - Hamid Rashtbari
- Gametogenesis Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
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20
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Malivindi R, Rago V, De Rose D, Gervasi MC, Cione E, Russo G, Santoro M, Aquila S. Influence of all‐
trans
retinoic acid on sperm metabolism and oxidative stress: Its involvement in the physiopathology of varicocele‐associated male infertility. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9526-9537. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Daniela De Rose
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | | | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Giampiero Russo
- Consultorio Familiare UNICAL, ASP—National Health Service, Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Marta Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Saveria Aquila
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
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21
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Silymarin and celecoxib ameliorate experimental varicocele-induced pathogenesis: evidences for oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1039-1052. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Maremanda KP, Khan S, Jena GB. Role of Zinc Supplementation in Testicular and Epididymal Damages in Diabetic Rat: Involvement of Nrf2, SOD1, and GPX5. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 173:452-64. [PMID: 27025721 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is one of the most important trace elements required for several biological processes. Diabetes negatively affects many organs, and diabetic patients are often hypozincemic. The present study aims to investigate the role of Zn supplementation in the testes, epididymis, and sperms of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat. Serum, testicular, and sperm Zn contents were found to be altered in diabetic rat. Biochemical, histopathological, and protein expression profiles were determined to decipher the role of Zn in protecting the cellular perturbations. Further, histopathological analyses of testes and epididymis showed deranged architecture along with other noted abnormalities. Diabetic testes showed decreased Nrf2, HO-1, SOD1, PCNA, and Bcl-2 expressions whereas increased COX-2, NF-κB, MT, IL-6, and p-ERK levels. SOD1 and GPX5 were decreased in the epididymis of diabetic rat, whereas Zn supplementation attenuated these changes. The present results demonstrate the beneficial role of Zn supplementation in diabetes-associated testicular alterations of rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Prahlad Maremanda
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, -160062, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, -160062, India
| | - Sabbir Khan
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, -160062, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, -160062, India
| | - G B Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, -160062, India.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, -160062, India.
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23
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Moretti E, Sutera G, Collodel G. The importance of transmission electron microscopy analysis of spermatozoa: Diagnostic applications and basic research. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2016; 62:171-83. [PMID: 26980361 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2016.1155242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This review is aimed at discussing the role of ultrastructural studies on human spermatozoa and evaluating transmission electron microscopy as a diagnostic tool that can complete andrology protocols. It is clear that morphological sperm defects may explain decreased fertilizing potential and acquire particular value in the field of male infertility. Electron microscopy is the best method to identify systematic or monomorphic and non-systematic or polymorphic sperm defects. The systematic defects are characterized by a particular anomaly that affects the vast majority of spermatozoa in a semen sample, whereas a heterogeneous combination of head and tail defects found in variable percentages are typically non-systematic or polymorphic sperm defects. A correct diagnosis of these specific sperm alterations is important for choosing the male infertility's therapy and for deciding to turn to assisted reproduction techniques. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) also represents a valuable method to explore the in vitro effects of different compounds (for example drugs with potential spermicidal activity) on the morphology of human spermatozoa. Finally, TEM used in combination with immunohistochemical techniques, integrates structural and functional aspects that provide a wide horizon in the understanding of sperm physiology and pathology. ABBREVIATIONS transmission electron microscopy: TEM; World Health Organization: WHO; light microscopy: LM; motile sperm organelle morphology examination: MSOME; intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection: IMSI; intracytoplasmic sperm injection: ICSI; dysplasia of fibrous sheath: DFS; primary ciliary dyskinesia: PCD; outer dense fibers: ODF; assisted reproduction technologies: ART; scanning electron microscopy: SEM; polyvinylpirrolidone: PVP; tert-butylhydroperoxide: TBHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moretti
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Gaetano Sutera
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Giulia Collodel
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
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24
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Mostafa T, Rashed L, Taymour M. Seminal cyclooxygenase relationship with oxidative stress in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men with varicocele. Andrologia 2016; 48:137-42. [PMID: 25906828 DOI: 10.1111/and.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the relation of seminal cyclooxygenase COX-1, COX-2 with oxidative stress in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men with varicocele (Vx). In all, 128 men were allocated into fertile men, fertile men with Vx, infertile OAT men without Vx and infertile OAT men with Vx. They were subjected to history taking, clinical examination and semen analysis. Also, seminal COX-1, COX-2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were estimated. Mean levels of seminal COX-1, COX-2 were over-expressed, the mean level of seminal MDA was significantly increased, and the mean level of seminal GPx was significantly decreased in infertile OAT men with Vx compared with other groups. Seminal COX-1 and COX-2 were over-expressed in cases with Vx grade III compared with Vx grades I, II cases and in cases with bilateral Vx compared with unilateral Vx. There was significant negative correlation between seminal COX-1 and COX-2 with sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm normal morphology, seminal GPx and significant positive correlation with seminal MDA. It is concluded that seminal COX-1 and COX-2 are over-expressed in infertile OAT men with Vx compared with fertile men with/without and infertile OAT men without Vx being associated with oxidative stress, Vx grade and Vx laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mostafa
- Andrology and Sexology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - L Rashed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Taymour
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Egypt Air Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Siewiera K, Kassassir H, Talar M, Wieteska L, Watala C. Long-term untreated streptozotocin-diabetes leads to increased expression and elevated activity of prostaglandin H2synthase in blood platelets. Platelets 2015; 27:203-11. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1075492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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26
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Hagan S, Khurana N, Chandra S, Abdel-Mageed AB, Mondal D, Hellstrom WJG, Sikka SC. Differential expression of novel biomarkers (TLR-2, TLR-4, COX-2, and Nrf-2) of inflammation and oxidative stress in semen of leukocytospermia patients. Andrology 2015; 3:848-55. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hagan
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - N. Khurana
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - S. Chandra
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - A. B. Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - D. Mondal
- Department of Pharmacology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - W. J. G. Hellstrom
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - S. C. Sikka
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
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27
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Human sperm molecular anatomy: the enzyme 5α-reductase (SRD5A) is present in the sperm and may be involved in the varicocele-related infertility. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 144:67-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Salvolini E, Buldreghini E, Lucarini G, Vignini A, Giulietti A, Lenzi A, Mazzanti L, Di Primio R, Balercia G. Interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in asthenozoospermia. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 142:569-75. [PMID: 24981555 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Impaired male fertility may have a variety of causes, among which asthenozoospermia. In its etiology, several bioactive substances, such as cytokines may be involved. In this context, our aim was to evaluate the expression of interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, in spermatozoa isolated from normospermic fertile donors and asthenozoospermic infertile patients. We evaluated twenty-eight infertile patients affected by idiopathic asthenozoospermia and twenty-three normospermic fertile donors, age-matched. Sperm parameters were evaluated; immunohistochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were then performed in isolated spermatozoa. Spermatozoa from the asthenozoospermic group presented an increased expression of IL-1β, COX-2, and HIF-1α compared with the normospermic fertile subjects. Our results can lead us to speculate that the increased expression of these substances may influence sperm motility. Nevertheless, further studies are needed in order to assess whether these bioactive mediators have a potential relevance as targets in future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of male infertility.
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29
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Zhang J, Mu X, Xia Y, Martin FL, Hang W, Liu L, Tian M, Huang Q, Shen H. Metabolomic Analysis Reveals a Unique Urinary Pattern in Normozoospermic Infertile Men. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3088-99. [DOI: 10.1021/pr5003142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban
Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaoli Mu
- Key Lab of Urban
Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- Key Laboratory
of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Francis L Martin
- Centre for Biophotonics,
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Wei Hang
- Department
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- Key Lab of Urban
Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Meiping Tian
- Key Lab of Urban
Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Lab of Urban
Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Heqing Shen
- Key Lab of Urban
Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
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30
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Guido C, Santoro M, De Amicis F, Perrotta I, Panza S, Rago V, Cesario MG, Lanzino M, Aquila S. Human sperm anatomy and endocrinology in varicocele: role of androgen receptor. Reproduction 2014; 147:589-98. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The study of androgens involved in male reproduction has been object of intense efforts, while their reported action on human male gametes is limited. We previously described the presence of androgen receptor (AR) in sperm with a role related to the modulation of the PI3K pathway. In the present study, we investigated the expression of AR and its ultrastructural location in normal sperm as well as in spermatozoa obtained from varicocele patients. We observed a reduced AR content in varicocele sperm with respect to healthy sperm by western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ultrastructural location of AR was detected mainly on the head membrane as well as in the nucleus, neck, and mitochondria. Influence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment on cholesterol efflux was increased in normal sperm, while it was reduced or absent in varicocele sperm. To better understand DHT/AR significance in human male gametes, we evaluated triglyceride content and lipase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities upon DHT treatment. The metabolic outcome glimpsed in normal sperm was an increased metabolic rate, while ‘varicocele’ sperm economized energy. Taken together, our results reveal DHT and AR as new players in sperm endocrinology, indicating that varicocele sperm may have difficulty in switching to the capacitated status. A decreased AR expression and a consequent reduced responsiveness to DHT in sperm may represent molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of varicocele leading to male infertility. This study revealed new detrimental effects of varicocele on sperm at the molecular level.
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31
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De Amicis F, Perrotta I, Santoro M, Guido C, Morelli C, Cesario MG, Bruno R, Aquila S. Human Sperm Anatomy: Different Expression and Localization of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase in Normal and Varicocele Human Spermatozoa. Ultrastruct Pathol 2013; 37:176-82. [DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2013.763881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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