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Poudel SB, Ruff RR, Yildirim G, Miller RA, Harrison DE, Strong R, Kirsch T, Yakar S. Development of primary osteoarthritis during aging in genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:118. [PMID: 38851726 PMCID: PMC11161968 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary osteoarthritis (OA) occurs without identifiable underlying causes such as previous injuries or specific medical conditions. Age is a major contributing factor to OA, and as one ages, various joint tissues undergo gradual change, including degeneration of the articular cartilage, alterations in subchondral bone (SCB) morphology, and inflammation of the synovium. METHODS We investigated the prevalence of primary OA in aged, genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. Articular cartilage (AC) integrity and SCB morphology were assessed in 182 knee joints of 22-25 months old mice using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system and micro-CT, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effects of methylene blue (MB) and mitoquinone (MitoQ), two agents that affect mitochondrial function, on the prevalence and progression of OA during aging. RESULTS Aged UM-HET3 mice showed a high prevalence of primary OA in both sexes. Significant positive correlations were found between cumulative AC (cAC) scores and synovitis in both sexes, and osteophyte formation in female mice. Ectopic chondrogenesis did not show significant correlations with cAC scores. Significant direct correlations were found between AC scores and inflammatory markers in chondrocytes, including matrix metalloproteinase-13, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome in both sexes, indicating a link between OA severity and inflammation. Additionally, markers of cell cycle arrest, such as p16 and β-galactosidase, also correlated with AC scores. In male mice, no significant correlations were found between SCB morphology traits and cAC scores, while in female mice, significant correlations were found between cAC scores and tibial SCB plate bone mineral density. Notably, MB and MitoQ treatments influenced the disease's progression in a sex-specific manner. MB treatment significantly reduced cAC scores at the medial knee joint, while MitoQ treatment reduced cAC scores, but these did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides comprehensive insights into the prevalence and progression of primary OA in aged UM-HET3 mice, highlighting the sex-specific effects of MB and MitoQ treatments. The correlations between AC scores and various pathological factors underscore the multifaceted nature of OA and its association with inflammation and subchondral bone changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Bahadur Poudel
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010-4086, USA
| | - Ryan R Ruff
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Biostatistics Core, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010-4086, USA
| | - Gozde Yildirim
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010-4086, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | | | - Randy Strong
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Thorsten Kirsch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10100, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010-4086, USA.
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Poudel SB, Ruff RR, Yildirim G, Miller RA, Harrison DE, Strong R, Kirsch T, Yakar S. Development of primary osteoarthritis during aging in genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3858256. [PMID: 38343826 PMCID: PMC10854287 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3858256/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Primary osteoarthritis (OA) occurs without identifiable underlying causes such as previous injuries or specific medical conditions. Age is a major contributing factor to OA, and as one ages, various joint tissues undergo gradual change, including degeneration of the articular cartilage, alterations in subchondral bone (SCB) morphology, and inflammation of the synovium. Methods We investigated the prevalence of primary OA in aged, genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. Articular cartilage (AC) integrity and SCB morphology were assessed in 182 knee joints of 22-25 months old mice using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system and micro-CT, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effects of methylene blue (MB) and mitoquinone (MitoQ), two agents that affect mitochondrial function, on the prevalence and progression of OA during aging. Results Aged UM-HET3 mice showed a high prevalence of primary OA in both sexes. Significant positive correlations were found between cumulative AC (cAC) scores and synovitis in both sexes, and osteophyte formation in female mice. Ectopic chondrogenesis did not show significant correlations with cAC scores. Significant direct correlations were found between AC scores and inflammatory markers in chondrocytes, including matrix metalloproteinase-13, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome in both sexes, indicating a link between OA severity and inflammation. Additionally, markers of cell cycle arrest, such as p16 and β-galactosidase, also correlated with AC scores. In male mice, no significant correlations were found between SCB morphology traits and cAC scores, while in female mice, significant correlations were found between cAC scores and tibial SCB plate bone mineral density. Notably, MB and MitoQ treatments influenced the disease's progression in a sex-specific manner. MB treatment significantly reduced cAC scores at the medial knee joint, while MitoQ treatment reduced cAC scores, but these did not reach significance. Conclusions Our study provides comprehensive insights into the prevalence and progression of primary OA in aged UM-HET3 mice, highlighting the sex-specific effects of MB and MitoQ treatments. The correlations between AC scores and various pathological factors underscore the multifaceted nature of OA and its association with inflammation and subchondral bone changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Bahadur Poudel
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Ryan R Ruff
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Biostatistics Core, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry New York, NY 10010-4086
| | - Gozde Yildirim
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Randy Strong
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Thorsten Kirsch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
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Poudel SB, Ruff RR, Yildirim G, Miller RA, Harrison DE, Strong R, Kirsch T, Yakar S. Development of primary osteoarthritis during aging in genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.16.571693. [PMID: 38168298 PMCID: PMC10760163 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.571693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence and progression of primary osteoarthritis (OA) in aged UM-HET3 mice. Using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system, we assessed articular cartilage (AC) integrity in 182 knee joints of 22-25 months old mice. Aged UM-HET3 mice showed a high prevalence of primary OA in both sexes. Significant positive correlations were found between cumulative AC (cAC) scores and synovitis in both sexes, and osteophyte formation in female mice. Ectopic chondrogenesis did not show significant correlations with cAC scores. Significant direct correlations were found between AC scores and inflammatory markers in chondrocytes, including matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in both sexes, indicating a link between OA severity and inflammation. Additionally, markers of cell cycle arrest, such as p16 and β-galactosidase, also correlated with AC scores. Using micro-CT, we examined the correlations between subchondral bone (SCB) morphology traits and AC scores. In male mice, no significant correlations were found between SCB morphology traits and cAC scores, while in female mice, significant correlations were found between cAC scores and tibial SCB plate bone mineral density. Finally, we explored the effects of methylene blue (MB) and mitoquinone (MitoQ), two agents that affect mitochondrial function, on the prevalence and progression of OA during aging. Notably, MB and MitoQ treatments influenced the disease's progression in a sex-specific manner. MB treatment significantly reduced cAC scores at the medial knee joint, while MitoQ treatment reduced cAC scores, but these did not reach significance. In conclusion, our study provides comprehensive insights into the prevalence and progression of primary OA in aged UM-HET3 mice, highlighting the sex-specific effects of MB and MitoQ treatments. The correlations between AC scores and various pathological factors underscore the multifaceted nature of OA and its association with inflammation and subchondral bone changes.
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Yildirim G, Bergamo ETP, Poudel SB, Ruff RR, Dixit M, Hu B, Mijares DQ, Witek L, Chlebek C, Harrison DE, Strong R, Miller RA, Ladiges W, Bromage TG, Rosen CJ, Yakar S. Long-term effects of canagliflozin treatment on the skeleton of aged UM-HET3 mice. GeroScience 2023; 45:1933-1951. [PMID: 37166526 PMCID: PMC10400751 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) promote urinary glucose excretion and decrease plasma glucose levels independent of insulin. Canagliflozin (CANA) is an SGLT2i, which is widely prescribed, to reduce cardiovascular complications, and as a second-line therapy after metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite the robust metabolic benefits, reductions in bone mineral density (BMD) and cortical fractures were reported for CANA-treated subjects. In collaboration with the National Institute on Aging (NIA)-sponsored Interventions Testing Program (ITP), we tested skeletal integrity of UM-HET3 mice fed control (137 mice) or CANA-containing diet (180 ppm, 156 mice) from 7 to 22 months of age. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) revealed that CANA treatment caused significant thinning of the femur mid-diaphyseal cortex in both male and female mice, did not affect trabecular bone architecture in the distal femur or the lumbar vertebra-5 in male mice, but was associated with thinning of the trabeculae at the distal femur in CANA-treated female mice. In male mice, CANA treatment is associated with significant reductions in cortical bone volumetric BMD by micro-CT, and by quantitative backscattered scanning electron microscopy. Raman microspectroscopy, taken at the femur mid-diaphyseal posterior cortex, showed significant reductions in the mineral/matrix ratio and an increased carbonate/phosphate ratio in CANA-treated male mice. These data were supported by thermogravimetric assay (TGA) showing significantly decreased mineral and increased carbonate content in CANA-treated male mice. Finally, the sintered remains of TGA were subjected to X-ray diffraction and showed significantly higher fraction of whitlockite, a calcium orthophosphate mineral, which has higher resorbability than hydroxyapatite. Overall, long-term CANA treatment compromised bone morphology and mineral composition of bones, which likely contribute to increased fracture risk seen with this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Yildirim
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24Th Street, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Edmara T. P. Bergamo
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Biomaterials Division, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Sher Bahadur Poudel
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24Th Street, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Ryan R. Ruff
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Manisha Dixit
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24Th Street, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Bin Hu
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24Th Street, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Dindo Q. Mijares
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Biomaterials Division, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Lukasz Witek
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Biomaterials Division, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
| | - Carolyn Chlebek
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, USA
| | | | - Randy Strong
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Warren Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Timothy G. Bromage
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24Th Street, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, USA
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24Th Street, New York, NY 10010-4086 USA
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Is Radiographic Osteoporotic Hip Morphology A Predictor For High Mortality Following Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures?: Osteoporotic Hip Morphology & Mortality. Injury 2022; 53:2184-2188. [PMID: 33568280 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Factors related to mortality after intertrochanteric femur fractures (ITFF) have been investigated intensively in the literature except for radiographic osteoporotic hip morphology. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between mortality and radiographic osteoporotic hip morphology of patients with ITFF. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients who underwent surgery between the dates of January 2012 and June 2018 due to ITFF were retrospectively reviewed. Osteoporotic status of the proximal femur was determined based on Singh Index grading and Dorr classification systems on preoperative anteroposterior pelvis radiographs of contralateral hips. The mortality rates of the patients were measured at 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months. For controlling the confounders, multiple regression analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 321 consecutive ITFFs were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 81.5 ± 6.6 years. All patients were treated with osteosynthesis utilizing a cephalomedullary nail. The overall mortality rates at 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months were 7.2%, 13.4%, 16.2%, 22.7%, respectively. There was 2.196 (1.140 - 4.229) folds increase in the mortality rate of patients with the Dorr type C femurs at 6th month (p=0.019). However, Singh index grade was not significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSION Patients with Dorr type C femur seem to have 2.1 times increased mortality at 6th months following ITFFs. A simple anteroposterior pelvis radiograph obtained during the initial evaluation of the patients may be used to estimate the mortality rate after ITFF.
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Murakami T, Nakaminami Y, Takahata Y, Hata K, Nishimura R. Activation and Function of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Bone and Joint-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105365. [PMID: 35628185 PMCID: PMC9141484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a pivotal response to a variety of stimuli, and inflammatory molecules such as cytokines have central roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including bone and joint diseases. Proinflammatory cytokines are mainly produced by immune cells and mediate inflammatory and innate immune responses. Additionally, proinflammatory cytokines accelerate bone resorption and cartilage destruction, resulting in the destruction of bone and joint tissues. Thus, proinflammatory cytokines are involved in regulating the pathogenesis of bone and joint diseases. Interleukin (IL)-1 is a representative inflammatory cytokine that strongly promotes bone and cartilage destruction, and elucidating the regulation of IL-1 will advance our understanding of the onset and progression of bone and joint diseases. IL-1 has two isoforms, IL-1α and IL-1β. Both isoforms signal through the same IL-1 receptor type 1, but the activation mechanisms are completely different. In particular, IL-1β is tightly regulated by protein complexes termed inflammasomes. Recent research using innovative technologies has led to a series of discoveries about inflammasomes. This review highlights the current understanding of the activation and function of the NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome in bone and joint diseases.
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Sebastian-Valverde M, Pasinetti GM. The NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Critical Actor in the Inflammaging Process. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061552. [PMID: 32604771 PMCID: PMC7348816 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of the considerable increase in the human lifespan over the last century, we are experiencing the appearance and impact of new age-related diseases. The causal relationships between aging and an enhanced susceptibility of suffering from a broad spectrum of diseases need to be better understood. However, one specific shared feature seems to be of capital relevance for most of these conditions: the low-grade chronic inflammatory state inherently associated with aging, i.e., inflammaging. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms that link aging and inflammaging, focusing on the role of the innate immunity and more concretely on the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as well as how the chronic activation of this inflammasome has a detrimental effect on different age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio M. Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York, NY 10468, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-241-1952
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Cawthon PM, Patel S, Ewing SK, Lui LY, Cauley JA, Lyons JG, Fredman L, Kado DM, Hoffman AR, Lane NE, Ensrud KE, Cummings SR, Orwoll ES. Bone Loss at the Hip and Subsequent Mortality in Older Men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study. JBMR Plus 2017; 1:31-35. [PMID: 29124252 PMCID: PMC5673261 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with increased mortality risk, yet the impact of BMD loss on mortality is relatively unknown. We hypothesized that greater BMD loss is associated with increased mortality risk in older men. Change in femoral neck BMD was assessed in 4400 Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study participants with two to three repeat dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scans over an average of 4.6 ± 0.4 (mean ± SD) years. Change in femoral neck BMD was estimated using mixed effects models; men were grouped into three categories of BMD change: maintenance (n = 1087; change ≥ 0 g/cm2); expected loss (n = 2768; change between 0 g/cm2 and <1 SD below mean change [>–0.034 g/cm2]); and accelerated loss (n = 545; change 1 SD below mean change or worse [≤–0.034 g/cm2]). Multivariate proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounders estimated the risk of all‐cause mortality over 8.1 ± 2.8 years following visit 2. Mortality was centrally adjudicated by physician review of death certificates. At visit 1, mean age was 72.9 ± 5.5 years. Men who maintained BMD were less likely to die during the subsequent follow‐up period (33.7%) than men who had accelerated BMD loss (60.6%) (p < 0.001). Compared to men who had maintained BMD, those who had accelerated BMD loss had a 44% greater risk of mortality in multivariate‐adjusted models (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.68). Compared to men who had maintained BMD, there was no significant difference in mortality risk for men with expected loss of BMD (36.9% died) (multivariate HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.13). Further adjustment for visit 1 or visit 2 BMD measurement did not substantially alter these associations. Results for total hip BMD were similar. In conclusion, accelerated loss of BMD at the hip is a risk factor for mortality in men that is not explained by comorbidity burden, concurrent change in weight, or physical activity. © 2017 The Authors. JBMR Plus is published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy M Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheena Patel
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan K Ewing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Li-Yung Lui
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jane A Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Lyons
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Fredman
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah M Kado
- Departments of Family Medicine & Public Health and Internal Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Nancy E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kristine E Ensrud
- Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Abstract
For decades, researchers in the biology of aging have focused on defining mechanisms that modulate aging by primarily studying a single metric, sometimes described as the "gold standard" lifespan. Increasingly, geroscience research is turning towards defining functional domains of aging such as the cardiovascular system, skeletal integrity, and metabolic health as being a more direct route to understand why tissues decline in function with age. Each model used in aging research has strengths and weaknesses, yet we know surprisingly little about how critical tissues decline in health with increasing age. Here I discuss popular model systems used in geroscience research and their utility as possible tools in preclinical studies in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
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10
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Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for the development of chronic diseases such as arthritis, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, Alzheimer's disease, macular degeneration, frailty, and certain forms of cancers. It is widely regarded that chronic inflammation may be a common link in all these age-related diseases. This raises the question, can one alter the course of aging and potentially slow the development of all chronic diseases by manipulating the mechanisms that cause age-related inflammation? Emerging evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-18 show an age-dependent regulation implicating inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation in the aging process. The Nod-like receptor (NLR) family of innate immune cell sensors, such as the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome controls the caspase-1 activation in myeloid-lineage cells in several organs during aging. The NLRP3 inflammasome is especially relevant to aging as it can get activated in response to structurally diverse damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as extracellular ATP, excess glucose, ceramides, amyloids, urate, and cholesterol crystals, all of which increase with age. Interestingly, reduction in NLRP3-mediated inflammation prevents age-related insulin resistance, bone loss, cognitive decline, and frailty. NLRP3 is a major driver of age-related inflammation and therefore dietary or pharmacological approaches to lower aberrant inflammasome activation holds promise in reducing multiple chronic diseases of age and may enhance healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Goldberg
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Youm YH, Grant RW, McCabe LR, Albarado DC, Nguyen KY, Ravussin A, Pistell P, Newman S, Carter R, Laque A, Münzberg H, Rosen CJ, Ingram DK, Salbaum JM, Dixit VD. Canonical Nlrp3 inflammasome links systemic low-grade inflammation to functional decline in aging. Cell Metab 2013; 18:519-32. [PMID: 24093676 PMCID: PMC4017327 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite a wealth of clinical data showing an association between inflammation and degenerative disorders in the elderly, the immune sensors that causally link systemic inflammation to aging remain unclear. Here we detail a mechanism by which the Nlrp3 inflammasome controls systemic low-grade age-related "sterile" inflammation in both periphery and brain independently of the noncanonical caspase-11 inflammasome. Ablation of Nlrp3 inflammasome protected mice from age-related increases in the innate immune activation, alterations in CNS transcriptome, and astrogliosis. Consistent with the hypothesis that systemic low-grade inflammation promotes age-related degenerative changes, the deficient Nlrp3 inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activity improved glycemic control and attenuated bone loss and thymic demise. Notably, IL-1 mediated only Nlrp3 inflammasome-dependent improvement in cognitive function and motor performance in aged mice. These studies reveal Nlrp3 inflammasome as an upstream target that controls age-related inflammation and offer an innovative therapeutic strategy to lower Nlrp3 activity to delay multiple age-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Youm
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Ryan W. Grant
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Laura R. McCabe
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI48824, USA
| | - Diana C. Albarado
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Kim Yen Nguyen
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Anthony Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Paul Pistell
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Susan Newman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Renee Carter
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, LSU, Baton Rouge, LA70803, USA
| | - Amanda Laque
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Heike Münzberg
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
| | - Donald K. Ingram
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - J. Michael Salbaum
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge LA70808, USA
- Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520, USA
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Jilka RL. The relevance of mouse models for investigating age-related bone loss in humans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68:1209-17. [PMID: 23689830 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice are increasingly used for investigation of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis because their genome is easily manipulated, and their skeleton is similar to that of humans. Unlike the human skeleton, however, the murine skeleton continues to grow slowly after puberty and lacks osteonal remodeling of cortical bone. Yet, like humans, mice exhibit loss of cancellous bone, thinning of cortical bone, and increased cortical porosity with advancing age. Histologic evidence in mice and humans alike indicates that inadequate osteoblast-mediated refilling of resorption cavities created during bone remodeling is responsible. Mouse models of progeria also show bone loss and skeletal defects associated with senescence of early osteoblast progenitors. Additionally, mouse models of atherosclerosis, which often occurs in osteoporotic participants, also suffer bone loss, suggesting that common diseases of aging share pathophysiological pathways. Knowledge of the causes of skeletal fragility in mice should therefore be applicable to humans if inherent limitations are recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Jilka
- Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, 4301W. Markham, Slot 587, Little Rock, AR 72205.
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