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Abd El-Lateef HM, Ali LS, Qahl SH, Binjawhar DN, Fayad E, Alghamdi MA, Altalhi SA, Al-Salmi FA, Shabana ES, Radwan KH, Youssef I, Shaaban S, Rashwan HM, El-Sawah SG. Therapeutic effect of N, N-Diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and adipose-derived stem cells coadministration on diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus-rat model. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:647-657. [PMID: 38594572 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes stem-cell-based treatment approach is among the leading therapeutic strategies for treating cardiac damage owing to the stem cells' regeneration capabilities. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) have shown great potential in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Herein, we explored the antioxidant-supporting role of N, N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPD) in enhancing the MSCs' therapeutic role in alleviating DCM complications in heart tissues of type 1 diabetic rats. Six male albinos Wistar rat groups have been designed into the control group, DPPD (250 mg/kg, i.p.) group, diabetic-untreated group, and three diabetic rat groups treated with either AD-MSCs (1 × 106 cell/rat, i.v.) or DPPD or both. Interestingly, all three treated diabetic groups exhibited a significant decrease in serum glucose, HbA1c, heart dysfunction markers (lactate dehydrogenase and CK-MP) levels, and lipid profile fractions (except for HDL-C), as well as some cardiac oxidative stress (OS) levels (MDA, AGEs, XO, and ROS). On the contrary, serum insulin, C-peptide, and various cardiac antioxidant levels (GSH, GST, CAT, SOD, TAC, and HO-1), beside viable cardiac cells (G0/G1%), were markedly elevated compared with the diabetic untreated group. In support of these findings, the histological assay reflected a marked enhancement in the cardiac tissues of all diabetic-treated groups, with obvious excellency of the AD-MSCs + DPPD diabetic-treated group. Such results strongly suggested the great therapeutic potentiality of either DPPD or AD-MSCs single injection in enhancing the cardiac function of diabetic rats, with a great noted enhancement superiority of DPPD and AD-MSCs coadministration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany M Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Lashin S Ali
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansours, Egypt
| | - Safa H Qahl
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal N Binjawhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A Alghamdi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A Altalhi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawziah A Al-Salmi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - El Shaimaa Shabana
- Fellow of Biochemistry, Genetic Unit, Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Kholoud H Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Horus University in Egypt HUE, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Neuroradiology and Neuro-intervention Section, Department of Radiology, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Saad Shaaban
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanan M Rashwan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, North Sinai, Egypt
| | - Shady G El-Sawah
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, North Sinai, Egypt
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2
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Tochinai R, Nagashima Y, Sekizawa SI, Kuwahara M. Anti-tumor and cardiotoxic effects of microtubule polymerization inhibitors: The mechanisms and management strategies. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:96-106. [PMID: 37496236 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule polymerization inhibitors (MPIs) have long been used as anticancer agents because they inhibit mitosis. Microtubules are thought to play an important role in the migration of tumor cells and the formation of tumor blood vessels, and new MPIs are being developed. Many clinical trials of novel MPIs have been conducted in humans, while some clinical studies in dogs have also been reported. More attempts to apply MPIs not only in humans but also in the veterinary field are expected to be made in the future. Meanwhile, MPIs have a risk of cardiotoxicity. In this paper, we review findings on the pharmacological effects and cardiotoxicity of MPIs, as well as the mechanisms of their cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity of MPIs involves not only the direct effects of MPIs on cardiomyocytes but also their effects on vascular function. For example, hypertension induced by impaired vascular function also contributes to the exacerbation of myocardial damage, and blood pressure control may be useful in reducing cardiotoxicity. By combined administration of MPIs and other anticancer agents, MPI efficacy may be enhanced, thereby potentially allowing to keep MPI dosage low. Measurement of myocardial injury markers in blood and echocardiography may be useful for monitoring cardiotoxicity. In particular, two-dimensional speckle tracking may have high sensitivity for the early detection of MPI-induced cardiac dysfunction. The exploration of the potential of new MPIs while understanding their toxicity and how to deal with them will lead to the further development of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Nagashima
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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In heart failure reactivation of RNA-binding proteins is associated with the expression of 1,523 fetal-specific isoforms. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009918. [PMID: 35226669 PMCID: PMC8912908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of fetal-specific genes and isoforms occurs during heart failure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the extent to which the fetal program switch occurs remains unclear. Limitations hindering transcriptome-wide analyses of alternative splicing differences (i.e. isoform switching) in cardiovascular system (CVS) tissues between fetal, healthy adult and heart failure have included both cellular heterogeneity across bulk RNA-seq samples and limited availability of fetal tissue for research. To overcome these limitations, we have deconvoluted the cellular compositions of 996 RNA-seq samples representing heart failure, healthy adult (heart and arteria), and fetal-like (iPSC-derived cardiovascular progenitor cells) CVS tissues. Comparison of the expression profiles revealed that reactivation of fetal-specific RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and the accompanied re-expression of 1,523 fetal-specific isoforms, contribute to the transcriptome differences between heart failure and healthy adult heart. Of note, isoforms for 20 different RBPs were among those that reverted in heart failure to the fetal-like expression pattern. We determined that, compared with adult-specific isoforms, fetal-specific isoforms encode proteins that tend to have more functions, are more likely to harbor RBP binding sites, have canonical sequences at their splice sites, and contain typical upstream polypyrimidine tracts. Our study suggests that compared with healthy adult, fetal cardiac tissue requires stricter transcriptional regulation, and that during heart failure reversion to this stricter transcriptional regulation occurs. Furthermore, we provide a resource of cardiac developmental stage-specific and heart failure-associated genes and isoforms, which are largely unexplored and can be exploited to investigate novel therapeutics for heart failure. Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart does not pump enough blood. It has been shown that in heart failure, the adult heart reverts to a fetal-like metabolic state and oxygen consumption. Additionally, genes and isoforms that are expressed in the heart only during fetal development (i.e. not in the healthy adult heart) are turned on in heart failure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the extent to which the switch to a fetal gene program occurs remains unclear. In this study, we initially characterized the differences between the fetal and adult heart transcriptomes (entire set of expressed genes and isoforms). We found that RNA binding proteins (RBPs), a family of genes that regulate multiple aspects of a transcript’s maturation, including transcription, splicing and post-transcriptional modifications, play a central role in the differences between fetal and adult heart tissues. We observed that many RBPs that are only expressed in the heart during fetal development become reactivated in heart failure, resulting in the expression of 1,523 fetal-specific isoforms. These findings suggest that reactivation of fetal-specific RBPs in heart failure drives a transcriptome-wide switch to expression of fetal-specific isoforms; and hence that RBPs could potentially serve as novel therapeutic targets.
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4
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Hyun SA, Lee CY, Ko MY, Chon SH, Kim YJ, Seo JW, Kim KK, Ka M. Cardiac toxicity from bisphenol A exposure in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 428:115696. [PMID: 34419494 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical that is widely used in a variety of products, including plastics, medical equipment and receipts. Hence, most people are exposed to BPA through the skin, via inhalation and via the digestive system, and such exposure has been linked to cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. However, the underlying mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction caused by BPA remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that BPA exposure altered cardiac function in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Acute BPA exposure in hiPSC-CMs resulted in reduced field potential, as measured by multielectrode array (MEA). Furthermore, we observed that BPA dose-dependently inhibited ICa, INa or IKr channels. In addition, BPA exposure dose-dependently inhibited calcium transients and contraction in hiPSC-CMs. Our findings suggest that BPA exposure leads to cardiac dysfunction and cardiac risk factors such as arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ae Hyun
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Yi Ko
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Chon
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Kim
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Wook Seo
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhan Ka
- Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Williams TL, Colzani MT, Macrae RGC, Robinson EL, Bloor S, Greenwood EJD, Zhan JR, Strachan G, Kuc RE, Nyimanu D, Maguire JJ, Lehner PJ, Sinha S, Davenport AP. Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte platform screens inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Commun Biol 2021; 4:926. [PMID: 34326460 PMCID: PMC8322398 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with cardiovascular comorbidities are more susceptible to severe infection with SARS-CoV-2, known to directly cause pathological damage to cardiovascular tissue. We outline a screening platform using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, confirmed to express the protein machinery critical for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and a SARS-CoV-2 spike-pseudotyped virus system. The method has allowed us to identify benztropine and DX600 as novel inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a clinically relevant stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte line. Discovery of new medicines will be critical for protecting the heart in patients with SARS-CoV-2, and for individuals where vaccination is contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Williams
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria T Colzani
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robyn G C Macrae
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma L Robinson
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stuart Bloor
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward J D Greenwood
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jun Ru Zhan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gregory Strachan
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rhoda E Kuc
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Duuamene Nyimanu
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Janet J Maguire
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul J Lehner
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Anthony P Davenport
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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6
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Palmer JA, Smith AM, Gryshkova V, Donley ELR, Valentin JP, Burrier RE. A Targeted Metabolomics-Based Assay Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Identifies Structural and Functional Cardiotoxicity Potential. Toxicol Sci 2021; 174:218-240. [PMID: 32040181 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementing screening assays that identify functional and structural cardiotoxicity earlier in the drug development pipeline has the potential to improve safety and decrease the cost and time required to bring new drugs to market. In this study, a metabolic biomarker-based assay was developed that predicts the cardiotoxicity potential of a drug based on changes in the metabolism and viability of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM). Assay development and testing was conducted in 2 phases: (1) biomarker identification and (2) targeted assay development. In the first phase, metabolomic data from hiPSC-CM spent media following exposure to 66 drugs were used to identify biomarkers that identified both functional and structural cardiotoxicants. Four metabolites that represent different metabolic pathways (arachidonic acid, lactic acid, 2'-deoxycytidine, and thymidine) were identified as indicators of cardiotoxicity. In phase 2, a targeted, exposure-based biomarker assay was developed that measured these metabolites and hiPSC-CM viability across an 8-point concentration curve. Metabolite-specific predictive thresholds for identifying the cardiotoxicity potential of a drug were established and optimized for balanced accuracy or sensitivity. When predictive thresholds were optimized for balanced accuracy, the assay predicted the cardiotoxicity potential of 81 drugs with 86% balanced accuracy, 83% sensitivity, and 90% specificity. Alternatively, optimizing the thresholds for sensitivity yields a balanced accuracy of 85%, 90% sensitivity, and 79% specificity. This new hiPSC-CM-based assay provides a paradigm that can identify structural and functional cardiotoxic drugs that could be used in conjunction with other endpoints to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of a drug's cardiotoxicity potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan M Smith
- Stemina Biomarker Discovery, Inc, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Vitalina Gryshkova
- UCB Biopharma SPRL, Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Valentin
- UCB Biopharma SPRL, Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium
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Avolio E, Mangialardi G, Slater SC, Alvino VV, Gu Y, Cathery W, Beltrami AP, Katare R, Heesom K, Caputo M, Madeddu P. Secreted Protein Acidic and Cysteine Rich Matricellular Protein is Enriched in the Bioactive Fraction of the Human Vascular Pericyte Secretome. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1151-1164. [PMID: 33226850 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To ascertain if human pericytes produce SPARC (acronym for Secreted Protein Acidic and Cysteine Rich), a matricellular protein implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, and cell-matrix interactions; clarify if SPARC expression in cardiac pericytes is modulated by hypoxia; and determine the functional consequences of SPARC silencing. Results: Starting from the recognition that the conditioned media (CM) of human pericytes promote proliferation and migration of cardiac stromal cells, we screened candidate mediators by mass-spectrometry analysis. Of the 14 high-confidence proteins (<1% FDR) identified in the bioactive fractions of the pericyte CM, SPARC emerged as the top-scored matricellular protein. SPARC expression was validated using ELISA and found to be upregulated by hypoxia/starvation in pericytes that express platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα). This subfraction is acknowledged to play a key role in extracellular matrix remodeling. Studies in patients with acute myocardial infarction showed that peripheral blood SPARC correlates with the levels of creatine kinase Mb, a marker of cardiac damage. Immunohistochemistry analyses of infarcted hearts revealed that SPARC is expressed in vascular and interstitial cells. Silencing of SPARC reduced the pericyte ability to secrete collagen1a1, without inhibiting the effects of CM on cardiac and endothelial cells. These data indicate that SPARC is enriched in the bioactive fraction of the pericyte CM, is induced by hypoxia and ischemia, and is essential for pericyte ability to produce collagen. Innovation: This study newly indicates that pericytes are a source of the matricellular protein SPARC. Conclusion: Modulation of SPARC production by pericytes may have potential implications for postinfarct healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Avolio
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Mangialardi
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sadie C Slater
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria V Alvino
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Yue Gu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - William Cathery
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio P Beltrami
- Dipartimento Area Medica, Istituto di Anatomia Patologica Universitaria, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kate Heesom
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Caputo
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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8
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Paci M, Koivumäki JT, Lu HR, Gallacher DJ, Passini E, Rodriguez B. Comparison of the Simulated Response of Three in Silico Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Models and in Vitro Data Under 15 Drug Actions. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:604713. [PMID: 33841140 PMCID: PMC8033762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.604713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Improvements in human stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hSC-CM) technology have promoted their use for drug testing and disease investigations. Several in silico hSC-CM models have been proposed to augment interpretation of experimental findings through simulations. This work aims to assess the response of three hSC-CM in silico models (Koivumäki2018, Kernik2019, and Paci2020) to simulated drug action, and compare simulation results against in vitro data for 15 drugs. Methods: First, simulations were conducted considering 15 drugs, using a simple pore-block model and experimental data for seven ion channels. Similarities and differences were analyzed in the in silico responses of the three models to drugs, in terms of Ca2+ transient duration (CTD90) and occurrence of arrhythmic events. Then, the sensitivity of each model to different degrees of blockage of Na+ (INa), L-type Ca2+ (ICaL), and rapid delayed rectifying K+ (IKr) currents was quantified. Finally, we compared the drug-induced effects on CTD90 against the corresponding in vitro experiments. Results: The observed CTD90 changes were overall consistent among the in silico models, all three showing changes of smaller magnitudes compared to the ones measured in vitro. For example, sparfloxacin 10 µM induced +42% CTD90 prolongation in vitro, and +17% (Koivumäki2018), +6% (Kernik2019), and +9% (Paci2020) in silico. Different arrhythmic events were observed following drug application, mainly for drugs affecting IKr. Paci2020 and Kernik2019 showed only repolarization failure, while Koivumäki2018 also displayed early and delayed afterdepolarizations. The spontaneous activity was suppressed by Na+ blockers and by drugs with similar effects on ICaL and IKr in Koivumäki2018 and Paci2020, while only by strong ICaL blockers, e.g. nisoldipine, in Kernik2019. These results were confirmed by the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: To conclude, The CTD90 changes observed in silico are qualitatively consistent with our in vitro data, although our simulations show differences in drug responses across the hSC-CM models, which could stem from variability in the experimental data used in their construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Paci
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi T Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hua Rong Lu
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J Gallacher
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Elisa Passini
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Rodriguez
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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9
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Gilmore JL, Xiao HY, Dhar TGM, Yang M, Xiao Z, Yang X, Taylor TL, McIntyre KW, Warrack BM, Shi H, Levesque PC, Marino AM, Cornelius G, Mathur A, Shen DR, Pang J, Cvijic ME, Lehman-McKeeman LD, Sun H, Xie J, Salter-Cid L, Carter PH, Dyckman AJ. Bicyclic Ligand-Biased Agonists of S1P 1: Exploring Side Chain Modifications to Modulate the PK, PD, and Safety Profiles. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1454-1480. [PMID: 33492963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) binds to a family of sphingosine-1-phosphate G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-5). The interaction of S1P with these S1P receptors has a fundamental role in many physiological processes in the vascular and immune systems. Agonist-induced functional antagonism of S1P1 has been shown to result in lymphopenia. As a result, agonists of this type hold promise as therapeutics for autoimmune disorders. The previously disclosed differentiated S1P1 modulator BMS-986104 (1) exhibited improved preclinical cardiovascular and pulmonary safety profiles as compared to earlier full agonists of S1P1; however, it demonstrated a long pharmacokinetic half-life (T1/2 18 days) in the clinic and limited formation of the desired active phosphate metabolite. Optimization of this series through incorporation of olefins, ethers, thioethers, and glycols into the alkyl side chain afforded an opportunity to reduce the projected human T1/2 and improve the formation of the active phosphate metabolite while maintaining efficacy as well as the improved safety profile. These efforts led to the discovery of 12 and 24, each of which are highly potent, biased agonists of S1P1. These compounds not only exhibited shorter in vivo T1/2 in multiple species but are also projected to have significantly shorter T1/2 values in humans when compared to our first clinical candidate. In models of arthritis, treatment with 12 and 24 demonstrated robust efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Gilmore
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hai-Yun Xiao
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - T G Murali Dhar
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Michael Yang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Zili Xiao
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Tracy L Taylor
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kim W McIntyre
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bethanne M Warrack
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hong Shi
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Paul C Levesque
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anthony M Marino
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Georgia Cornelius
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ding Ren Shen
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jian Pang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lois D Lehman-McKeeman
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Huadong Sun
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jenny Xie
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Luisa Salter-Cid
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Percy H Carter
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Alaric J Dyckman
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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10
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Nembo EN, Hescheler J, Nguemo F. Stem cells in natural product and medicinal plant drug discovery-An overview of new screening approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110730. [PMID: 32920519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products remain a rich source of new drugs, and the search for bioactive molecules from nature continues to play an important role in the development of new medicines. Also, there is increasing use of herbal medicines for the treatment of a plethora of diseases, and demands for more scientific evidence for their efficacy and safety remains a huge challenge. The propensity of stem cells to differentiate into almost every cell type not only holds promise for the delivery of cell-based therapies for currently incurable diseases or a useful tool in studying cell physiology and pathophysiology. Increasingly, stem cells are becoming an important tool in preclinical drug screening and toxicity testing. In this review, we examine the scientific advances made towards the use of pluripotent stem cells as a model for the screening of plant-based medicines. The combination of well-established in vitro electrophysiological and a plethora of toxicogenomic technologies, together with the optimisation of culture methods of herbal plants and pluripotent stem cells can be explored to establish the basis for efficacy, and tissue/organ-based toxicities of many currently used medicinal plants whose efficacies and toxicities remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erastus Nembu Nembo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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11
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Xiao Z, Yang MG, Dhar TGM, Xiao HY, Gilmore JL, Marcoux D, McIntyre KW, Taylor TL, Shi H, Levesque PC, Marino AM, Cornelius G, Mathur A, Shen DR, Cvijic ME, Lehman-McKeeman LD, Sun H, Xie JH, Carter PH, Dyckman AJ. Aryl Ether-Derived Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor (S1P 1) Modulators: Optimization of the PK, PD, and Safety Profiles. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1766-1772. [PMID: 32944145 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts aimed at increasing the in vivo potency and reducing the elimination half-life of 1 and 2 led to the identification of aryl ether and thioether-derived bicyclic S1P1 differentiated modulators 3-6. The effects of analogs 3-6 on lymphocyte reduction in the rat (desired pharmacology) along with pulmonary- and cardiovascular-related effects (undesired pharmacology) are described. Optimization of the overall properties in the aryl ether series yielded 3d, and the predicted margin of safety against the cardiovascular effects of 3d would be large enough for human studies. Importantly, compared to 1 and 2, compound 3d had a better profile in both potency (ED50 < 0.05 mg/kg) and predicted human half-life (t 1/2 ∼ 5 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Xiao
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Michael G. Yang
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - T. G. Murali Dhar
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hai-Yun Xiao
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - John L. Gilmore
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - David Marcoux
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kim W. McIntyre
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Tracy L. Taylor
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hong Shi
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Paul C. Levesque
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anthony M. Marino
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Georgia Cornelius
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ding Ren Shen
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lois D. Lehman-McKeeman
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Huadong Sun
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jenny H. Xie
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Percy H. Carter
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Alaric J. Dyckman
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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12
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Nystoriak MA, Kilfoil PJ, Lorkiewicz PK, Ramesh B, Kuehl PJ, McDonald J, Bhatnagar A, Conklin DJ. Comparative effects of parent and heated cinnamaldehyde on the function of human iPSC-derived cardiac myocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104648. [PMID: 31518667 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Many e-cigarette products contain cinnamaldehyde as a primary constituent of cinnamon flavorings. When used as a food additive, cinnamaldehyde is generally regarded as safe for ingestion. However, little is known about the effects of cinnamaldehyde or its degradation products, generated after heating and inhalation, which may lead to elevated circulatory exposure to the heart. Hence, in this study, we tested the in vitro cardiac toxicity of cinnamaldehyde and its thermal degradation products generated by heating at low (200 ± 50 °C) and high temperatures (700 ± 50 °C) on the contractility, rhythmicity and electrical signaling properties of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Cellular impedance measurements on spontaneously beating hiPSC-CMs revealed that cinnamaldehyde significantly alters contraction-dependent signal amplitude, beating rate, and cell morphology. These effects were attenuated after cinnamaldehyde was subjected to heating at low or high temperatures. Current clamp analysis of hiPSC-CM action potentials (APs) showed only modest effects of acute application of 1-100 μM cinnamaldehyde on resting membrane potential, while prolonged (~20 min) application of 100 μM cinnamaldehyde resulted in progressive depolarization and loss of rhythmic AP spiking activity. Collectively, these results suggest that micromolar levels of cinnamaldehyde could alter cardiac excitability, in part by impairing the processes that regulate membrane potential and depolarization. Our results further suggest that heating cinnamaldehyde by itself does not directly lead to the formation of products with greater cardiotoxicity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Nystoriak
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America.
| | - Peter J Kilfoil
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, United States of America
| | - Pawel K Lorkiewicz
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, United States of America
| | - Bhargav Ramesh
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, United States of America
| | - Philip J Kuehl
- Lovelace Biomedical, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - Jacob McDonald
- Lovelace Biomedical, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
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13
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Gilmore JL, Xiao HY, Dhar TGM, Yang MG, Xiao Z, Xie J, Lehman-McKeeman LD, Gong L, Sun H, Lecureux L, Chen C, Wu DR, Dabros M, Yang X, Taylor TL, Zhou XD, Heimrich EM, Thomas R, McIntyre KW, Borowski V, Warrack BM, Li Y, Shi H, Levesque PC, Yang Z, Marino AM, Cornelius G, D’Arienzo CJ, Mathur A, Rampulla R, Gupta A, Pragalathan B, Shen DR, Cvijic ME, Salter-Cid LM, Carter PH, Dyckman AJ. Identification and Preclinical Pharmacology of ((1R,3S)-1-Amino-3-((S)-6-(2-methoxyphenethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)cyclopentyl)methanol (BMS-986166): A Differentiated Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1 (S1P1) Modulator Advanced into Clinical Trials. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2265-2285. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Gilmore
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hai-Yun Xiao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - T. G. Murali Dhar
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Michael G. Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Zili Xiao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jenny Xie
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lois D. Lehman-McKeeman
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lei Gong
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Huadong Sun
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lloyd Lecureux
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Cliff Chen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Marta Dabros
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Tracy L. Taylor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Xia D. Zhou
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Heimrich
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Rochelle Thomas
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kim W. McIntyre
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Virna Borowski
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bethanne M. Warrack
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Yuwen Li
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hong Shi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Paul C. Levesque
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Zheng Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anthony M. Marino
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Georgia Cornelius
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Celia J. D’Arienzo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Richard Rampulla
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bala Pragalathan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ding Ren Shen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Luisa M. Salter-Cid
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Percy H. Carter
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Alaric J. Dyckman
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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14
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Woo LA, Tkachenko S, Ding M, Plowright AT, Engkvist O, Andersson H, Drowley L, Barrett I, Firth M, Akerblad P, Wolf MJ, Bekiranov S, Brautigan DL, Wang QD, Saucerman JJ. High-content phenotypic assay for proliferation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes identifies L-type calcium channels as targets. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 127:204-214. [PMID: 30597148 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 5 million people in the United States suffer from heart failure, due to the limited ability to regenerate functional cardiac tissue. One potential therapeutic strategy is to enhance proliferation of resident cardiomyocytes. However, phenotypic screening for therapeutic agents is challenged by the limited ability of conventional markers to discriminate between cardiomyocyte proliferation and endoreplication (e.g. polyploidy and multinucleation). Here, we developed a novel assay that combines automated live-cell microscopy and image processing algorithms to discriminate between proliferation and endoreplication by quantifying changes in the number of nuclei, changes in the number of cells, binucleation, and nuclear DNA content. We applied this assay to further prioritize hits from a primary screen for DNA synthesis, identifying 30 compounds that enhance proliferation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Among the most active compounds from the phenotypic screen are clinically approved L-type calcium channel blockers from multiple chemical classes whose activities were confirmed across different sources of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Identification of compounds that stimulate human cardiomyocyte proliferation may provide new therapeutic strategies for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Woo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Svyatoslav Tkachenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Mei Ding
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alleyn T Plowright
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Engkvist
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Andersson
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lauren Drowley
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ian Barrett
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Cambridge, UK
| | - Mike Firth
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Akerblad
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthew J Wolf
- Department of Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, USA
| | - David L Brautigan
- Center for Cell Signaling, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA.
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15
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Kaiser NJ, Kant RJ, Minor AJ, Coulombe KLK. Optimizing Blended Collagen-Fibrin Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Engineering with Human iPSC-derived Cardiomyocytes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:887-899. [PMID: 30775432 PMCID: PMC6372981 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Natural
polymer hydrogels are used ubiquitously as scaffold materials
for cardiac tissue engineering as well as for soft tissue engineering
more broadly because of FDA approval, minimal immunogenicity, and
well-defined physiological clearance pathways. However, the relationships
between natural polymer hydrogels and resident cell populations in
directing the development of engineered tissues are poorly defined.
This interaction is of particular concern for tissues prepared
with iPSC-derived cell populations, in which population purity and
batch-to-batch variability become additional critical factors to consider.
Herein, the design space for a blended fibrin and collagen scaffold
is characterized for applications in creating engineered myocardium
with human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Stiffness values of the acellular
hydrogel formulations approach those of native myocardium in compression,
but deviate significantly in tension when compared to rat myocardium
in both transverse and longitudinal fiber orientations. A response
surface methodology approach to understanding the relationship between
collagen concentration, fibrin concentration, seeding density, and
cardiac purity found a statistically significant predictive model
across three repeated studies that confirms that all of these factors
contribute to tissue compaction. In these constructs, increased fibrin
concentration and seeding density were each associated with increased
compaction, while increased collagen concentration was associated
with decreased compaction. Both the lowest (24.4% cTnT+) and highest (60.2% cTnT+) cardiomyocyte purities evaluated
were associated with decreased compaction, whereas the greatest compaction
was predicted to occur in constructs prepared with a 40–50%
cTnT+ population. Constructs prepared with purified cardiomyocytes
(≥75.5% cTnT+) compacted and formed syncytia well,
although increased fibrin concentration in these groups was associated
with decreased compaction, a reversal of the trend observed in unpurified
cardiomyocytes. This study demonstrates an analytical approach to
understanding cell–scaffold interactions in engineered tissues
and provides a foundation for the development of more sophisticated
and customized scaffold platforms for human cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Kaiser
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Rajeev J Kant
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Alicia J Minor
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Kareen L K Coulombe
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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16
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Fleischer S, Jahnke HG, Fritsche E, Girard M, Robitzki AA. Comprehensive human stem cell differentiation in a 2D and 3D mode to cardiomyocytes for long-term cultivation and multiparametric monitoring on a multimodal microelectrode array setup. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:624-631. [PMID: 30508787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes are a promising cell source for research and clinical applications like investigation of cardiomyopathies and therefore, identification and testing of novel therapeutics as well as for cell based therapy approaches. However, actually it´s a challenge to generate matured adult cardiomyocyte-like phenotype in a reasonable time. Moreover, there is a lack of applicable non-invasive label-free monitoring techniques providing quantitative parameters for analysing the culture stability and maturation status. In this context, we established an efficient protocol based on a combined differentiation of hiPSC in 2D cultures followed by a forced reaggregation step that leads to highly enriched (>90% cardiomyocytes) cardiomyocyte clusters. Interestingly, 3D cultures revealed an accelerated maturation as well as phenotype switch from atrial to ventricular cardiomyocytes. More strikingly using combined impedimetric and electrophysiological monitoring the high functionality and long-term stability of 3D cardiomyocyte cultures, especially in comparison to 2D cultures could be demonstrated. Additionally, chronotropic as well as QT-prolongation causing reference compounds were used for validating the cardio specific and sensitive reaction over the monitored time range of more than 100 days. Thus, the approach of multiparametric bioelectronic monitoring offers capabilities for the long-term quantitative analysis of hiPS derived cardiomyocyte culture functionality and long-term stability. Moreover, the same multiparametric bioelectronic platform can be used in combination with validated long-term stable cardiomyocyte cultures for the quantitative detection of compound induced effects. This could pave the way for more predictive in vitro chronic/repeated dose cardiotoxicity testing assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Fleischer
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany
| | - Enrico Fritsche
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany
| | - Mathilde Girard
- CECS, I-STEM Paris, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, France
| | - Andrea A Robitzki
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany.
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17
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Chen T, Vunjak-Novakovic G. In vitro Models of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 4:142-153. [PMID: 30393757 PMCID: PMC6208331 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Timely reperfusion after a myocardial infarction is necessary to salvage the ischemic region; however, reperfusion itself is also a major contributor to the final tissue damage. Currently, there is no clinically relevant therapy available to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). While many drugs have shown promise in reducing IRI in preclinical studies, none of these drugs have demonstrated benefit in large clinical trials. Part of this failure to translate therapies can be attributed to the reliance on small animal models for preclinical studies. While animal models encapsulate the complexity of the systemic in vivo environment, they do not fully recapitulate human cardiac physiology. Furthermore, it is difficult to uncouple the various interacting pathways in vivo. In contrast, in vitro models using isolated cardiomyocytes allow studies of the direct effect of therapeutics on cardiomyocytes. External factors can be controlled in simulated ischemia-reperfusion to allow for better understanding of the mechanisms that drive IRI. In addition, the availability of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPS-CMs) offers the opportunity to recapitulate human physiology in vitro. Unfortunately, hIPS-CMs are relatively fetal in phenotype, and are more resistant to hypoxia than the mature cells. Tissue engineering platforms can promote cardiomyocyte maturation for a more predictive physiologic response. These platforms can further be improved upon to account for the heterogenous patient populations seen in the clinical settings and facilitate the translation of therapies. Thereby, the current preclinical studies can be further developed using currently available tools to achieve better predictive drug testing and understanding of IRI. In this article, we discuss the state of the art of in vitro modeling of IRI, propose the roles for tissue engineering in studying IRI and testing the new therapeutic modalities, and how the human tissue models can facilitate translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University in the City of New York
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University in the City of New York
- Department of Medicine Columbia University in the City of New York
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18
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Oleaga C, Riu A, Rothemund S, Lavado A, McAleer CW, Long CJ, Persaud K, Narasimhan NS, Tran M, Roles J, Carmona-Moran CA, Sasserath T, Elbrecht DH, Kumanchik L, Bridges LR, Martin C, Schnepper MT, Ekman G, Jackson M, Wang YI, Note R, Langer J, Teissier S, Hickman JJ. Investigation of the effect of hepatic metabolism on off-target cardiotoxicity in a multi-organ human-on-a-chip system. Biomaterials 2018; 182:176-190. [PMID: 30130706 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of cosmetic testing and poor predictivity of preclinical drug studies has spurred efforts to develop new methods for systemic toxicity. Current in vitro assays do not fully represent physiology, often lacking xenobiotic metabolism. Functional human multi-organ systems containing iPSC derived cardiomyocytes and primary hepatocytes were maintained under flow using a low-volume pumpless system in a serum-free medium. The functional readouts for contractile force and electrical conductivity enabled the non-invasive study of cardiac function. The presence of the hepatocytes in the system induced cardiotoxic effects from cyclophosphamide and reduced them for terfenadine due to drug metabolism, as expected from each compound's pharmacology. A computational fluid dynamics simulation enabled the prediction of terfenadine-fexofenadine pharmacokinetics, which was validated by HPLC-MS. This in vitro platform recapitulates primary aspects of the in vivo crosstalk between heart and liver and enables pharmacological studies, involving both organs in a single in vitro platform. The system enables non-invasive readouts of cardiotoxicity of drugs and their metabolites. Hepatotoxicity can also be evaluated by biomarker analysis and change in metabolic function. Integration of metabolic function in toxicology models can improve adverse effects prediction in preclinical studies and this system could also be used for chronic studies as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Oleaga
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Anne Riu
- L'Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Sandra Rothemund
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Andrea Lavado
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Christopher W McAleer
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Christopher J Long
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Keisha Persaud
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | | | - My Tran
- Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Jeffry Roles
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Carlos A Carmona-Moran
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Trevor Sasserath
- Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Daniel H Elbrecht
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Lee Kumanchik
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | | | - Candace Martin
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Mark T Schnepper
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Gail Ekman
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Max Jackson
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Ying I Wang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Reine Note
- L'Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Jessica Langer
- L'Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Clark, NJ, USA
| | - Silvia Teissier
- L'Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - James J Hickman
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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19
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Lee HA, Hyun SA, Byun B, Chae JH, Kim KS. Electrophysiological mechanisms of vandetanib-induced cardiotoxicity: Comparison of action potentials in rabbit Purkinje fibers and pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195577. [PMID: 29630634 PMCID: PMC5891061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vandetanib, a multi-kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of various cancers, has been reported to induce several adverse cardiac effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of vandetanib-induced cardiotoxicity are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of vandetanib-induced cardiotoxicity using intracellular electrophysiological recordings on human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), rabbit Purkinje fibers, and HEK293 cells transiently expressing human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG; the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ channel, IKr), KCNQ1/KCNE1 (the slowly activating delayed rectifier K+ current, IKs), KCNJ2 (the inwardly rectifying K+ current, IK1) or SCN5A (the inward Na+ current, INa). Purkinje fiber assays and ion channel studies showed that vandetanib at concentrations of 1 and 3 μM inhibited the hERG currents and prolonged the action potential duration. Alanine scanning and in silico hERG docking studies demonstrated that Y652 and F656 in the hERG S6 domain play critical roles in vandetanib binding. In hiPSC-CMs, vandetanib markedly reduced the maximum rate of depolarization during the AP upstroke. Ion channel studies revealed that hiPSC-CMs were more sensitive to inhibition of the INa by vandetanib than in a heterogeneously expressed HEK293 cell model, consistent with the changes in the AP parameters of hiPSC-CMs. The subclasses of Class I antiarrhythmic drugs inhibited INa currents in a dose-dependent manner in hiPSC-CMs and SCN5A-encoded HEK293 cells. The inhibitory potency of vandetanib for INa was much higher in hiPSC-CMs (IC50: 2.72 μM) than in HEK293 cells (IC50: 36.63 μM). These data suggest that AP and INa assays using hiPSC-CMs are useful electrophysiological models for prediction of drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Ae Lee
- Predictive model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Hyun
- Research Center for Safety Pharmacology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byungjin Byun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jong-Hak Chae
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ki-Suk Kim
- Predictive model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- * E-mail: ,
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20
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Electrophysiological characteristics and pharmacological sensitivity of two lines of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes coming from two different suppliers. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 90:58-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Mulder P, de Korte T, Dragicevic E, Kraushaar U, Printemps R, Vlaming MLH, Braam SR, Valentin JP. Predicting cardiac safety using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes combined with multi-electrode array (MEA) technology: A conference report. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 91:36-42. [PMID: 29355722 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Safety pharmacology studies that evaluate drug candidates for potential cardiovascular liabilities remain a critical component of drug development. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have recently emerged as a new and promising tool for preclinical hazard identification and risk assessment of drugs. Recently, Pluriomics organized its first User Meeting entitled 'Combining Pluricyte® Cardiomyocytes & MEA for Safety Pharmacology applications', consisting of scientific sessions and live demonstrations, which provided the opportunity to discuss the application of hiPSC-CMs (Pluricyte® Cardiomyocytes) in cardiac safety assessment to support early decision making in safety pharmacology. This report summarizes the outline and outcome of this Pluriomics User Meeting, which took place on November 24-25, 2016 in Leiden (The Netherlands). To reflect the content of the communications presented at this meeting we have cited key scientific articles and reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mulder
- Pluriomics BV, Galileiweg 8, 2333 BD Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa de Korte
- Pluriomics BV, Galileiweg 8, 2333 BD Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Elena Dragicevic
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße 70a, D-80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Kraushaar
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, Markwiesenstraße 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan R Braam
- Pluriomics BV, Galileiweg 8, 2333 BD Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Pierre Valentin
- Investigative Toxicology, Non-Clinical Development, UCB-Biopharma, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
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22
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Kirby RJ, Divlianska DB, Whig K, Bryan N, Morfa CJ, Koo A, Nguyen KH, Maloney P, Peddibhotla S, Sessions EH, Hershberger PM, Smith LH, Malany S. Discovery of Novel Small-Molecule Inducers of Heme Oxygenase-1 That Protect Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes from Oxidative Stress. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:87-96. [PMID: 29101218 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.243717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative injury to cardiomyocytes plays a critical role in cardiac pathogenesis following myocardial infarction. Transplantation of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes has recently progressed as a novel treatment to repair damaged cardiac tissue but its efficacy has been limited by poor survival of transplanted cells owing to oxidative stress in the post-transplantation environment. Identification of small molecules that activate cardioprotective pathways to prevent oxidative damage and increase survival of stem cells post-transplantation is therefore of great interest for improving the efficacy of stem cell therapies. This report describes a chemical biology phenotypic screening approach to identify and validate small molecules that protect human-induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from oxidative stress. A luminescence-based high-throughput assay for cell viability was used to screen a diverse collection of 48,640 small molecules for protection of hiPSC-CMs from peroxide-induced cell death. Cardioprotective activity of "hit" compounds was confirmed using impedance-based detection of cardiomyocyte monolayer integrity and contractile function. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the identification of a potent class of compounds with 4-(pyridine-2-yl)thiazole scaffold. Examination of gene expression in hiPSC-CMs revealed that the hit compound, designated cardioprotectant 312 (CP-312), induces robust upregulation of heme oxygenase-1, a marker of the antioxidant response network that has been strongly correlated with protection of cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress. CP-312 therefore represents a novel chemical scaffold identified by phenotypic high-throughput screening using hiPSC-CMs that activates the antioxidant defense response and may lead to improved pharmacological cardioprotective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jason Kirby
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Daniela B Divlianska
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Kanupriya Whig
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Nadezda Bryan
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Camilo J Morfa
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Ada Koo
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Kevin H Nguyen
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Satayamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - E Hampton Sessions
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Paul M Hershberger
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Layton H Smith
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
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23
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Engraftment and morphological development of vascularized human iPS cell-derived 3D-cardiomyocyte tissue after xenotransplantation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13708. [PMID: 29057926 PMCID: PMC5651879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges in cell-based cardiac regenerative medicine is the in vitro construction of three-dimensional (3D) tissues consisting of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) and a blood vascular network supplying nutrients and oxygen throughout the tissue after implantation. We have successfully built a vascularized iPSC-CM 3D-tissue using our validated cell manipulation technique. In order to evaluate an availability of the 3D-tissue as a biomaterial, functional morphology of the tissues was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy through their implantation into the rat infarcted heart. Before implantation, the tissues showed distinctive myofibrils within iPSC-CMs and capillary-like endothelial tubes, but their profiles were still like immature. In contrast, engraftment of the tissues to the rat heart led the iPSC-CMs and endothelial tubes into organization of cell organelles and junctional apparatuses and prompt development of capillary network harboring host blood supply, respectively. A number of capillaries in the implanted tissues were derived from host vascular bed, whereas the others were likely to be composed by fusion of host and implanted endothelial cells. Thus, our vascularized iPSC-CM 3D-tissues may be a useful regenerative paradigm which will require additional expanded and long-term studies.
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24
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Giacomelli E, Mummery CL, Bellin M. Human heart disease: lessons from human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3711-3739. [PMID: 28573431 PMCID: PMC5597692 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Technical advances in generating and phenotyping cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-CMs) are now driving their wider acceptance as in vitro models to understand human heart disease and discover therapeutic targets that may lead to new compounds for clinical use. Current literature clearly shows that hPSC-CMs recapitulate many molecular, cellular, and functional aspects of human heart pathophysiology and their responses to cardioactive drugs. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of hPSC-CMs models that have been described to date and highlight their most recent and remarkable contributions to research on cardiovascular diseases and disorders with cardiac traits. We conclude discussing immediate challenges, limitations, and emerging solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Giacomelli
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, University of Twente, Building Zuidhorst, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - M Bellin
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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25
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Koci B, Luerman G, Duenbostell A, Kettenhofen R, Bohlen H, Coyle L, Knight B, Ku W, Volberg W, Woska JR, Brown MP. An impedance-based approach using human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes significantly improves in vitro prediction of in vivo cardiotox liabilities. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 329:121-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Kane C, Terracciano CMN. Concise Review: Criteria for Chamber-Specific Categorization of Human Cardiac Myocytes Derived from Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1881-1897. [PMID: 28577296 PMCID: PMC5575566 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (PSC‐CMs) have great potential application in almost all areas of cardiovascular research. A current major goal of the field is to build on the past success of differentiation strategies to produce CMs with the properties of those originating from the different chambers of the adult human heart. With no anatomical origin or developmental pathway to draw on, the question of how to judge the success of such approaches and assess the chamber specificity of PSC‐CMs has become increasingly important; commonly used methods have substantial limitations and are based on limited evidence to form such an assessment. In this article, we discuss the need for chamber‐specific PSC‐CMs in a number of areas as well as current approaches used to assess these cells on their likeness to those from different chambers of the heart. Furthermore, describing in detail the structural and functional features that distinguish the different chamber‐specific human adult cardiac myocytes, we propose an evidence‐based tool to aid investigators in the phenotypic characterization of differentiated PSC‐CMs. Stem Cells2017;35:1881–1897
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kane
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cesare M N Terracciano
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Shen N, Knopf A, Westendorf C, Kraushaar U, Riedl J, Bauer H, Pöschel S, Layland SL, Holeiter M, Knolle S, Brauchle E, Nsair A, Hinderer S, Schenke-Layland K. Steps toward Maturation of Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes by Defined Physical Signals. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:122-135. [PMID: 28528699 PMCID: PMC5511039 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs) may offer significant advances in creating in vitro cardiac tissues for disease modeling, drug testing, and elucidating developmental processes; however, the induction of ESCs to a more adult-like CM phenotype remains challenging. In this study, we developed a bioreactor system to employ pulsatile flow (1.48 mL/min), cyclic strain (5%), and extended culture time to improve the maturation of murine and human ESC-CMs. Dynamically-cultured ESC-CMs showed an increased expression of cardiac-associated proteins and genes, cardiac ion channel genes, as well as increased SERCA activity and a Raman fingerprint with the presence of maturation-associated peaks similar to primary CMs. We present a bioreactor platform that can serve as a foundation for the development of human-based cardiac in vitro models to verify drug candidates, and facilitates the study of cardiovascular development and disease. Custom-made bioreactor exposes ESC-CMs to defined shear stress and cyclic stretch Physical signals and extended culture significantly improve maturation of ESC-CMs Biochemical fingerprint of dynamically cultured ESC-CMs is similar to primary CMs
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Shen
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Anne Knopf
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Claas Westendorf
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Udo Kraushaar
- Department of Cell Biology, Electrophysiology, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen 72770, Germany
| | - Julia Riedl
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Hannah Bauer
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Simone Pöschel
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Shannon Lee Layland
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Monika Holeiter
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Stefan Knolle
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Cell Biology, Electrophysiology, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen 72770, Germany
| | - Eva Brauchle
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Ali Nsair
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories (CVRL), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Svenja Hinderer
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories (CVRL), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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28
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Huang H, Pugsley MK, Fermini B, Curtis MJ, Koerner J, Accardi M, Authier S. Cardiac voltage-gated ion channels in safety pharmacology: Review of the landscape leading to the CiPA initiative. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 87:11-23. [PMID: 28408211 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Voltage gated ion channels are central in defining the fundamental properties of the ventricular cardiac action potential (AP), and are also involved in the development of drug-induced arrhythmias. Many drugs can inhibit cardiac ion currents, including the Na+ current (INa), L-type Ca2+ current (Ica-L), and K+ currents (Ito, IK1, IKs, and IKr), and thereby affect AP properties in a manner that can trigger or sustain cardiac arrhythmias. Since publication of ICH E14 and S7B over a decade ago, there has been a focus on drug effects on QT prolongation clinically, and on the rapidly activating delayed rectifier current (IKr), nonclinically, for evaluation of proarrhythmic risk. This focus on QT interval prolongation and a single ionic current likely impacted negatively some drugs that lack proarrhythmic liability in humans. To rectify this issue, the Comprehensive in vitro proarrhythmia assay (CiPA) initiative has been proposed to integrate drug effects on multiple cardiac ionic currents with in silico modelling of human ventricular action potentials, and in vitro data obtained from human stem cell-derived ventricular cardiomyocytes to estimate proarrhythmic risk of new drugs with improved accuracy. In this review, we present the physiological functions and the molecular basis of major cardiac ion channels that contribute to the ventricle AP, and discuss the CiPA paradigm in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- CiToxLAB North America, 445, Armand-Frappier Boul, Laval H7V 4B3, QC, Canada
| | - Michael K Pugsley
- Department of Toxicology, Purdue Pharma L.P., Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
| | | | - Michael J Curtis
- Cardiovascular Division, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE17EH, UK
| | - John Koerner
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Michael Accardi
- CiToxLAB North America, 445, Armand-Frappier Boul, Laval H7V 4B3, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Authier
- CiToxLAB North America, 445, Armand-Frappier Boul, Laval H7V 4B3, QC, Canada.
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Period doubling cascades of limit cycles in cardiac action potential models as precursors to chaotic early Afterdepolarizations. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2017; 11:42. [PMID: 28376924 PMCID: PMC5379775 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-017-0422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are pathological voltage oscillations during the repolarization phase of cardiac action potentials (APs). EADs are caused by drugs, oxidative stress or ion channel disease, and they are considered as potential precursors to cardiac arrhythmias in recent attempts to redefine the cardiac drug safety paradigm. The irregular behaviour of EADs observed in experiments has been previously attributed to chaotic EAD dynamics under periodic pacing, made possible by a homoclinic bifurcation in the fast subsystem of the deterministic AP system of differential equations. Results In this article we demonstrate that a homoclinic bifurcation in the fast subsystem of the action potential model is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for the genesis of chaotic EADs. We rather argue that a cascade of period doubling (PD) bifurcations of limit cycles in the full AP system paves the way to chaotic EAD dynamics across a variety of models including a) periodically paced and spontaneously active cardiomyocytes, b) periodically paced and non-active cardiomyocytes as well as c) unpaced and spontaneously active cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, our bifurcation analysis reveals that chaotic EAD dynamics may coexist in a stable manner with fully regular AP dynamics, where only the initial conditions decide which type of dynamics is displayed. Conclusions EADs are a potential source of cardiac arrhythmias and hence are of relevance both from the viewpoint of drug cardiotoxicity testing and the treatment of cardiomyopathies. The model-independent association of chaotic EADs with period doubling cascades of limit cycles introduced in this article opens novel opportunities to study chaotic EADs by means of bifurcation control theory and inverse bifurcation analysis. Furthermore, our results may shed new light on the synchronization and propagation of chaotic EADs in homogeneous and heterogeneous multicellular and cardiac tissue preparations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-017-0422-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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30
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Takahashi M, Saito A, Jimbo Y, Nakasono S. Evaluation of the effects of power-frequency magnetic fields on the electrical activity of cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells. J Toxicol Sci 2017; 42:223-231. [PMID: 28321048 DOI: 10.2131/jts.42.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Although cardiac activity is known to differ between species in many respects, most evaluations of the cardiac effects of low-frequency electric and magnetic fields, which have a stimulant effect on electrically activated cells, have been performed in non-human experimental animals and cells, and the effects in humans have been assessed using theoretical models. In recent years, it has been verified that human cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-CM) are useful for evaluating human responses to various cardioactive compounds. In this study, we applied hiPSCMs for the first time to evaluate the human cardiac effects of power-frequency magnetic fields (MFs). After preparation of hiPS-CMs, we subjected a hiPS-CM monolayer formed on a multi-electrode array to short-term exposure to a 50 Hz MF at 400 mT with recording of the extracellular field potentials. The field potential duration of the hiPS-CMs did not differ significantly pre- and post-exposure, indicating that under these conditions, exposure to a 50 Hz MF at 400 mT does not affect the electrical activity of hiPSCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Takahashi
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI)
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31
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George CH, Edwards DH. Decoding Ca2+ Signals as a Non-electrophysiological Method for Assessing Drug Toxicity in Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6661-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Marcoux D, Xiao HY, Murali Dhar TG, Xie J, Lehman-McKeeman LD, Wu DR, Dabros M, Yang X, Taylor TL, Zhou XD, Heimrich EM, Thomas R, McIntyre KW, Shi H, Levesque PC, Sun H, Yang Z, Marino AM, Cornelius G, D'Arienzo CJ, Gupta A, Pragalathan B, Rampulla R, Mathur A, Shen DR, Cvijic ME, Salter-Cid L, Lombardo LJ, Carter PH, Dyckman AJ. Identification of potent tricyclic prodrug S1P 1 receptor modulators. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016; 8:725-729. [PMID: 30108791 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00539j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently, our research group reported the identification of prodrug amino-alcohol 2 as a potent and efficacious S1P1 receptor modulator. This molecule is differentiated preclinically over the marketed drug fingolimod (Gilenya 1), whose active phosphate metabolite is an S1P1 full agonist, in terms of pulmonary and cardiovascular safety. S1P1 partial agonist 2, however, has a long half-life in rodents and was projected to have a long half-life in humans. The purpose of this communication is to disclose highly potent partial agonists of S1P1 with shorter half-lives relative to the clinical compound 2. PK/PD relationships as well as their preclinical pulmonary and cardiovascular safety assessment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Marcoux
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Hai-Yun Xiao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - T G Murali Dhar
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Jenny Xie
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Lois D Lehman-McKeeman
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Marta Dabros
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Tracy L Taylor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Xia D Zhou
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Elizabeth M Heimrich
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Rochelle Thomas
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Kim W McIntyre
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Hong Shi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Paul C Levesque
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Huadong Sun
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Zheng Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Anthony M Marino
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Georgia Cornelius
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Celia J D'Arienzo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | | | | | - Richard Rampulla
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Ding Ren Shen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Luisa Salter-Cid
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Louis J Lombardo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Percy H Carter
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
| | - Alaric J Dyckman
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1 609 252 3980
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Yu Z, Liu J, van Veldhoven JPD, IJzerman AP, Schalij MJ, Pijnappels DA, Heitman LH, de Vries AAF. Allosteric Modulation of Kv11.1 (hERG) Channels Protects Against Drug-Induced Ventricular Arrhythmias. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2016; 9:e003439. [PMID: 27071825 DOI: 10.1161/circep.115.003439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular arrhythmias as a result of unintentional blockade of the Kv11.1 (hERG [human ether-à-go-go-related gene]) channel are a major safety concern in drug development. In past years, several highly prescribed drugs have been withdrawn for their ability to cause such proarrhythmia. Here, we investigated whether the proarrhythmic risk of existing drugs could be reduced by Kv11.1 allosteric modulators. METHODS AND RESULTS Using [(3)H]dofetilide-binding assays with membranes of human Kv11.1-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells, 2 existing compounds (VU0405601 and ML-T531) and a newly synthesized compound (LUF7244) were found to be negative allosteric modulators of dofetilide binding to the Kv11.1 channel, with LUF7244 showing the strongest effect at 10 μmol/L. The Kv11.1 affinities of typical blockers (ie, dofetilide, astemizole, sertindole, and cisapride) were significantly decreased by LUF7244. Treatment of confluent neonatal rat ventricular myocyte (NRVM) monolayers with astemizole or sertindole caused heterogeneous prolongation of action potential duration and a high incidence of early afterdepolarizations on 1-Hz electric point stimulation, occasionally leading to unstable, self-terminating tachyarrhythmias. Pretreatment of NRVMs with LUF7244 prevented these proarrhythmic effects. NRVM monolayers treated with LUF7244 alone displayed electrophysiological properties indistinguishable from those of untreated NRVM cultures. Prolonged exposure of NRVMs to LUF7244 or LUF7244 plus astemizole did not affect their viability, excitability, and contractility as assessed by molecular, immunological, and electrophysiological assays. CONCLUSIONS Allosteric modulation of the Kv11.1 channel efficiently suppresses drug-induced ventricular arrhythmias in vitro by preventing potentially arrhythmogenic changes in action potential characteristics, raising the possibility to resume the clinical use of unintended Kv11.1 blockers via pharmacological combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Yu
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.)
| | - Jia Liu
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.)
| | - Jacobus P D van Veldhoven
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.)
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.)
| | - Martin J Schalij
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.)
| | - Daniël A Pijnappels
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.)
| | - Laura H Heitman
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.).
| | - Antoine A F de Vries
- From the Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (Z.Y., J.P.D.v.V., A.P.I., L.H.H.); Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (J.L., M.J.S., D.A.P., A.A.F.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.L., A.A.F.d.V.).
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Klimas A, Ambrosi CM, Yu J, Williams JC, Bien H, Entcheva E. OptoDyCE as an automated system for high-throughput all-optical dynamic cardiac electrophysiology. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11542. [PMID: 27161419 PMCID: PMC4866323 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The improvement of preclinical cardiotoxicity testing, discovery of new ion-channel-targeted drugs, and phenotyping and use of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and other biologics all necessitate high-throughput (HT), cellular-level electrophysiological interrogation tools. Optical techniques for actuation and sensing provide instant parallelism, enabling contactless dynamic HT testing of cells and small-tissue constructs, not affordable by other means. Here we show, computationally and experimentally, the limits of all-optical electrophysiology when applied to drug testing, then implement and validate OptoDyCE, a fully automated system for all-optical cardiac electrophysiology. We validate optical actuation by virally introducing optogenetic drivers in rat and human cardiomyocytes or through the modular use of dedicated light-sensitive somatic ‘spark' cells. We show that this automated all-optical approach provides HT means of cellular interrogation, that is, allows for dynamic testing of >600 multicellular samples or compounds per hour, and yields high-content information about the action of a drug over time, space and doses. The efficiency of preclinical drug testing and characterization of cellular function can be improved through the use of optogenetic tools. Here Klimas et al. present and validate OptoDyCE, a fully automated system for all-optical high-throughput cardiac electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Klimas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Christina M Ambrosi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jinzhu Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - John C Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Harold Bien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Emilia Entcheva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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35
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Tochinai R, Nagata Y, Ando M, Hata C, Suzuki T, Asakawa N, Yoshizawa K, Uchida K, Kado S, Kobayashi T, Kaneko K, Kuwahara M. Combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate-induced myocardial injury. J Toxicol Pathol 2016; 29:163-71. [PMID: 27559241 PMCID: PMC4963615 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histopathological and electrocardiographic features of myocardial lesions induced by
combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP) were evaluated, and the relation between
myocardial lesions and vascular changes and the direct toxic effect of CA4DP on
cardiomyocytes were discussed. We induced myocardial lesions by administration of CA4DP to
rats and evaluated myocardial damage by histopathologic examination and
electrocardiography. We evaluated blood pressure (BP) of CA4DP-treated rats and effects of
CA4DP on cellular impedance-based contractility of human induced pluripotent stem
cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs). The results revealed multifocal myocardial
necrosis with a predilection for the interventricular septum and subendocardial regions of
the apex of the left ventricular wall, injury of capillaries, morphological change of the
ST junction, and QT interval prolongation. The histopathological profile of myocardial
lesions suggested that CA4DP induced a lack of myocardial blood flow. CA4DP increased the
diastolic BP and showed direct effects on hiPS-CMs. These results suggest that CA4DP
induces dysfunction of small arteries and capillaries and has direct toxicity in
cardiomyocytes. Therefore, it is thought that CA4DP induced capillary and myocardial
injury due to collapse of the microcirculation in the myocardium. Moreover, the direct
toxic effect of CA4DP on cardiomyocytes induced myocardial lesions in a coordinated
manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Yuriko Nagata
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Minoru Ando
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Chie Hata
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Tomo Suzuki
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Asakawa
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yoshizawa
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kazumi Uchida
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kado
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kimiyuki Kaneko
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Dhar TGM, Xiao HY, Xie J, Lehman-McKeeman LD, Wu DR, Dabros M, Yang X, Taylor TL, Zhou XD, Heimrich EM, Thomas R, McIntyre KW, Warrack B, Shi H, Levesque PC, Zhu JL, Hennan J, Balimane P, Yang Z, Marino AM, Cornelius G, D’Arienzo CJ, Mathur A, Shen DR, Cvijic ME, Salter-Cid L, Barrish JC, Carter PH, Dyckman AJ. Identification and Preclinical Pharmacology of BMS-986104: A Differentiated S1P1 Receptor Modulator in Clinical Trials. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:283-8. [PMID: 26985316 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical validation of S1P receptor modulation therapy was achieved with the approval of fingolimod (Gilenya, 1) as the first oral therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. However, 1 causes a dose-dependent reduction in the heart rate (bradycardia), which occurs within hours after first dose. We disclose the identification of clinical compound BMS-986104 (3d), a novel S1P1 receptor modulator, which demonstrates ligand-biased signaling and differentiates from 1 in terms of cardiovascular and pulmonary safety based on preclinical pharmacology while showing equivalent efficacy in a T-cell transfer colitis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. G. Murali Dhar
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hai-Yun Xiao
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jenny Xie
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lois D. Lehman-McKeeman
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Marta Dabros
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Tracy L. Taylor
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Xia D. Zhou
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Heimrich
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Rochelle Thomas
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kim W. McIntyre
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bethanne Warrack
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hong Shi
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Paul C. Levesque
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jia L. Zhu
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - James Hennan
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Praveen Balimane
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Zheng Yang
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anthony M. Marino
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Georgia Cornelius
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Celia J. D’Arienzo
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ding Ren Shen
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Luisa Salter-Cid
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Joel C. Barrish
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Percy H. Carter
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Alaric J. Dyckman
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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Csöbönyeiová M, Polák Š, Danišovič L. Toxicity testing and drug screening using iPSC-derived hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neural cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:687-94. [PMID: 27128322 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Unexpected toxicity in areas such as cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity is a serious complication of clinical therapy and one of the key causes for failure of promising drug candidates in development. Animal studies have been widely used for toxicology research to provide preclinical security evaluation of various therapeutic agents under development. Species differences in drug penetration of the blood-brain barrier, drug metabolism, and related toxicity contribute to failure of drug trials from animal models to human. The existing system for drug discovery has relied on immortalized cell lines, animal models of human disease, and clinical trials in humans. Moreover, drug candidates that are passed as being safe in the preclinical stage often show toxic effects during the clinical stage. Only around 16% drugs are approved for human use. Research on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) promises to enhance drug discovery and development by providing simple, reproducible, and economically effective tools for drug toxicity screening under development and, on the other hand, for studying the disease mechanism and pathways. In this review, we provide an overview of basic information about iPSCs, and discuss efforts aimed at the use of iPSC-derived hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neural cells in drug discovery and toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Csöbönyeiová
- a Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Štefan Polák
- a Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - L'uboš Danišovič
- b Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Jones AR, Edwards DH, Cummins MJ, Williams AJ, George CH. A Systemized Approach to Investigate Ca(2+) Synchronization in Clusters of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 3:89. [PMID: 26793710 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (IPS-CM) are considered by many to be the cornerstone of future approaches to repair the diseased heart. However, current methods for producing IPS-CM typically yield highly variable populations with low batch-to-batch reproducibility. The underlying reasons for this are not fully understood. Here we report on a systematized approach to investigate the effect of maturation in embryoid bodies (EB) vs. "on plate" culture on spontaneous activity and regional Ca(2+) synchronization in IPS-CM clusters. A detailed analysis of the temporal and spatial organization of Ca(2+) spikes in IPS-CM clusters revealed that the disaggregation of EBs between 0.5 and 2 weeks produced IPS-CM characterized by spontaneous beating and high levels of regional Ca(2+) synchronization. These phenomena were typically absent in IPS-CM obtained from older EBs (>2 weeks). The maintenance of all spontaneously active IPS-CM clusters under "on plate" culture conditions promoted the progressive reduction in regional Ca(2+) synchronization and the loss of spontaneous Ca(2+) spiking. Raising the extracellular [Ca(2+)] surrounding these quiescent IPS-CM clusters from ~0.4 to 1.8 mM unmasked discrete behaviors typified by either (a) long-lasting Ca(2+) elevation that returned to baseline or (b) persistent, large-amplitude Ca(2+) oscillations around an increased cytoplasmic [Ca(2+)]. The different responses of IPS-CM to elevated extracellular [Ca(2+)] could be traced back to their routes of derivation. The data point to the possibility of predictably influencing IPS-CM phenotype and response to external activation via defined interventions at early stages in their maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aled R Jones
- Ionic Cell Signalling, School of Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University Wales, UK
| | - David H Edwards
- Ionic Cell Signalling, School of Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University Wales, UK
| | - Michael J Cummins
- Ionic Cell Signalling, School of Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University Wales, UK
| | - Alan J Williams
- Ionic Cell Signalling, School of Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University Wales, UK
| | - Christopher H George
- Ionic Cell Signalling, School of Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University Wales, UK
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Singh S, Srivastava A, Kumar V, Pandey A, Kumar D, Rajpurohit CS, Khanna VK, Yadav S, Pant AB. Stem Cells in Neurotoxicology/Developmental Neurotoxicology: Current Scenario and Future Prospects. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:6938-6949. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9615-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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40
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Harris K. A Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell−Derived Cardiomyocyte (hiPSC‐CM) Multielectrode Array Assay for Preclinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Safety Screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 71:11.18.1-11.18.15. [DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph1118s71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Harris
- Safety Pharmacology, GlaxoSmithKline, David Jack Centre for R&D, Ware Hertfordshire United Kingdom
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41
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Back and forth in time: Directing age in iPSC-derived lineages. Brain Res 2015; 1656:14-26. [PMID: 26592774 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) has transformed the classic approach of studying human disease, providing in vitro access to disease-relevant cells from patients for the study of disease pathogenesis and for drug screening. However, in spite of the broad repertoire of iPSC-based disease models developed in recent years, increasing evidence suggests that this technology might not be fully suitable for the study of conditions of old age, such as neurodegeneration. The difficulty in recapitulating late-stage features of disease in cells of pluripotent origin is believed to be a discrepancy between the fetal-like nature of iPSC-progeny and the advanced age of onset of neurodegenerative syndromes. In parallel to the issue of functional immaturity known to affect derivatives of pluripotent cells, latest findings suggest that reprogramming also subjects cells to a process of "rejuvenation", giving rise to cells that are too "young" to manifest phenotypes of age-related diseases. Thus, following the significant progress in manipulating cellular fate, the stem cell field will now have to face the new challenge of controlling cellular age, in order to fully harness the potential of iPSC-technology to advance the research and cure of diseases of the aging brain. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Exploiting human neurons.
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Kane C, Couch L, Terracciano CMN. Excitation-contraction coupling of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:59. [PMID: 26484342 PMCID: PMC4586503 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) hold enormous potential in many fields of cardiovascular research. Overcoming many of the limitations of their embryonic counterparts, the application of iPSC-CMs ranges from facilitating investigation of familial cardiac disease and pharmacological toxicity screening to personalized medicine and autologous cardiac cell therapies. The main factor preventing the full realization of this potential is the limited maturity of iPSC-CMs, which display a number of substantial differences in comparison to adult cardiomyocytes. Excitation–contraction (EC) coupling, a fundamental property of cardiomyocytes, is often described in iPSC-CMs as being more analogous to neonatal than adult cardiomyocytes. With Ca2+ handling linked, directly or indirectly, to almost all other properties of cardiomyocytes, a solid understanding of this process will be crucial to fully realizing the potential of this technology. Here, we discuss the implications of differences in EC coupling when considering the potential applications of human iPSC-CMs in a number of areas as well as detailing the current understanding of this fundamental process in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kane
- Laboratory of Cell Electrophysiology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London London, UK
| | - Liam Couch
- Laboratory of Cell Electrophysiology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London London, UK
| | - Cesare M N Terracciano
- Laboratory of Cell Electrophysiology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London London, UK
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Predictivity of in vitro non-clinical cardiac contractility assays for inotropic effects in humans — A literature search. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2015; 75:62-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Guo L, Eldridge S, Furniss M, Mussio J, Davis M. Use of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to Monitor Compound Effects on Cardiac Myocyte Signaling Pathways. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 7:141-185. [PMID: 26331525 PMCID: PMC4568555 DOI: 10.1002/9780470559277.ch150035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to develop mechanism-based assays to better inform risk of cardiotoxicity. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are rapidly gaining acceptance as a biologically relevant in vitro model for use in drug discovery and cardiotoxicity screens. Utilization of hiPSC-CMs for mechanistic investigations would benefit from confirmation of the expression and activity of cellular pathways that are known to regulate cardiac myocyte viability and function. This unit describes an approach to demonstrate the presence and function of signaling pathways in hiPSC-CMs and the effects of treatments on these pathways. We present a workflow that employs protocols to demonstrate protein expression and functional integrity of signaling pathway(s) of interest and to characterize biological consequences of signaling modulation. These protocols utilize a unique combination of structural, functional, and biochemical endpoints to interrogate compound effects on cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA, 301-846-7495,
| | - Sandy Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA, 301-228-4761,
| | - Mike Furniss
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA, 301-846-5539,
| | - Jodie Mussio
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA, 301-846-7529,
| | - Myrtle Davis
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA, 240-276-5915
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Lavatelli F, Imperlini E, Orrù S, Rognoni P, Sarnataro D, Palladini G, Malpasso G, Soriano ME, Di Fonzo A, Valentini V, Gnecchi M, Perlini S, Salvatore F, Merlini G. Novel mitochondrial protein interactors of immunoglobulin light chains causing heart amyloidosis. FASEB J 2015. [PMID: 26220173 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-272179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In immunoglobulin (Ig) light-chain (LC) (AL) amyloidosis, AL deposition translates into life-threatening cardiomyopathy. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that soluble cardiotoxic LCs are themselves harmful for cells, by which they are internalized. Hypothesizing that interaction of soluble cardiotoxic LCs with cellular proteins contributes to damage, we characterized their interactome in cardiac cells. LCs were purified from patients with AL amyloidosis cardiomyopathy or multiple myeloma without amyloidosis (the nonamyloidogenic/noncardiotoxic LCs served as controls) and employed at concentrations in the range observed in AL patients' sera. A functional proteomic approach, based on direct and inverse coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, allowed identifying LC-protein complexes. Findings were validated by colocalization, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM)-fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and ultrastructural studies, using human primary cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs) and stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Amyloidogenic cardiotoxic LCs interact in vitro with specific intracellular proteins involved in viability and metabolism. Imaging confirmed that, especially in hCFs, cardiotoxic LCs (not controls) colocalize with mitochondria and spatially associate with selected interactors: mitochondrial optic atrophy 1-like protein and peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (FLIM-FRET efficiencies 11 and 6%, respectively). Cardiotoxic LC-treated hCFs display mitochondrial ultrastructural changes, supporting mitochondrial involvement. We show that cardiotoxic LCs establish nonphysiologic protein-protein contacts in human cardiac cells, offering new clues on the pathogenesis of AL cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lavatelli
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Esther Imperlini
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefania Orrù
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Paola Rognoni
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Giuseppina Palladini
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Giuseppe Malpasso
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maria Eugenia Soriano
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrea Di Fonzo
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Veronica Valentini
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Massimiliano Gnecchi
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefano Perlini
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- *Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, **Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, University of Pavia, and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Centro di Ricerca di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Doherty KR, Talbert DR, Trusk PB, Moran DM, Shell SA, Bacus S. Structural and functional screening in human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes accurately identifies cardiotoxicity of multiple drug types. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 285:51-60. [PMID: 25841593 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Safety pharmacology studies that evaluate new drug entities for potential cardiac liability remain a critical component of drug development. Current studies have shown that in vitro tests utilizing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) may be beneficial for preclinical risk evaluation. We recently demonstrated that an in vitro multi-parameter test panel assessing overall cardiac health and function could accurately reflect the associated clinical cardiotoxicity of 4 FDA-approved targeted oncology agents using hiPS-CM. The present studies expand upon this initial observation to assess whether this in vitro screen could detect cardiotoxicity across multiple drug classes with known clinical cardiac risks. Thus, 24 drugs were examined for their effect on both structural (viability, reactive oxygen species generation, lipid formation, troponin secretion) and functional (beating activity) endpoints in hiPS-CM. Using this screen, the cardiac-safe drugs showed no effects on any of the tests in our panel. However, 16 of 18 compounds with known clinical cardiac risk showed drug-induced changes in hiPS-CM by at least one method. Moreover, when taking into account the Cmax values, these 16 compounds could be further classified depending on whether the effects were structural, functional, or both. Overall, the most sensitive test assessed cardiac beating using the xCELLigence platform (88.9%) while the structural endpoints provided additional insight into the mechanism of cardiotoxicity for several drugs. These studies show that a multi-parameter approach examining both cardiac cell health and function in hiPS-CM provides a comprehensive and robust assessment that can aid in the determination of potential cardiac liability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Scott A Shell
- Quintiles, 777 Oakmont Lane Suite 100, Westmont, IL 60559,USA
| | - Sarah Bacus
- Quintiles, 777 Oakmont Lane Suite 100, Westmont, IL 60559,USA
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47
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Wiśniowska B, Mendyk A, Fijorek K, Polak S. Computer-based prediction of the drug proarrhythmic effect: problems, issues, known and suspected challenges. Europace 2015; 16:724-35. [PMID: 24798962 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It is likely that computer modelling and simulations will become an element of comprehensive cardiac safety testing. Their role would be primarily the integration and the interpretation of previously gathered data. There are still unanswered questions and issues which we list and describe below. They include sources of data used for the development of the models as well as data utilized as input information, which can come from the in vitro studies and the quantitative structure-activity relationship models. The pharmacokinetics of the drugs in question play a crucial role as their active concentration should be considered, yet the question remains where is the right place to assess it. The pharmacodynamic angle includes complications coming from multiple drugs (i.e. active metabolites) acting in parallel as well as the type of interaction with (potentially) multiple affected channels. Once established, the model and the methodology of its use should be further validated, optimistically against individual data reported at the clinical level as the physiological, anatomical, and genetic parameters play a crucial role in the drug-triggered arrhythmia induction. All the abovementioned issues should be at least considered and-hopefully-resolved, to properly utilize the mathematical models for a cardiac safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wiśniowska
- Unit of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Tanaka A, Yuasa S, Mearini G, Egashira T, Seki T, Kodaira M, Kusumoto D, Kuroda Y, Okata S, Suzuki T, Inohara T, Arimura T, Makino S, Kimura K, Kimura A, Furukawa T, Carrier L, Node K, Fukuda K. Endothelin-1 induces myofibrillar disarray and contractile vector variability in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e001263. [PMID: 25389285 PMCID: PMC4338713 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the accumulating genetic and molecular investigations into hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), it remains unclear how this condition develops and worsens pathologically and clinically in terms of the genetic-environmental interactions. Establishing a human disease model for HCM would help to elucidate these disease mechanisms; however, cardiomyocytes from patients are not easily obtained for basic research. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) potentially hold much promise for deciphering the pathogenesis of HCM. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the interactions between genetic backgrounds and environmental factors involved in the disease progression of HCM. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated iPSCs from 3 patients with HCM and 3 healthy control subjects, and cardiomyocytes were differentiated. The HCM pathological phenotypes were characterized based on morphological properties and high-speed video imaging. The differences between control and HCM iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were mild under baseline conditions in pathological features. To identify candidate disease-promoting environmental factors, the cardiomyocytes were stimulated by several cardiomyocyte hypertrophy-promoting factors. Interestingly, endothelin-1 strongly induced pathological phenotypes such as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and intracellular myofibrillar disarray in the HCM iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. We then reproduced these phenotypes in neonatal cardiomyocytes from the heterozygous Mybpc3-targeted knock in mice. High-speed video imaging with motion vector prediction depicted physiological contractile dynamics in the iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, which revealed that self-beating HCM iPSC-derived single cardiomyocytes stimulated by endothelin-1 showed variable contractile directions. CONCLUSIONS Interactions between the patient's genetic backgrounds and the environmental factor endothelin-1 promote the HCM pathological phenotype and contractile variability in the HCM iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.) Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan (A.T., K.N.)
| | - Shinsuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Giulia Mearini
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (G.M., L.C.) DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (G.M., L.C.)
| | - Toru Egashira
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Tomohisa Seki
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Masaki Kodaira
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Dai Kusumoto
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Yusuke Kuroda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Shinichiro Okata
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.) Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (S.O., T.F.)
| | - Tomoyuki Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Taku Inohara
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Takuro Arimura
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (T.A., A.K.)
| | - Shinji Makino
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Kensuke Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
| | - Akinori Kimura
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (T.A., A.K.)
| | - Tetsushi Furukawa
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (S.O., T.F.)
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (G.M., L.C.) DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (G.M., L.C.)
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan (A.T., K.N.)
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T., S.Y., T.E., T.S., M.K., D.K., Y.K., S.O., T.S., T.I., S.M., K.K., K.F.)
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Mann DA. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes for toxicology testing. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 11:1-5. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.981523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Mann
- Cellular Dynamics International, Inc., 525 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
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Choudhury TR, Mathur A. The birth of 'regenerative pharmacology': a clinical perspective. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:239-46. [PMID: 23425309 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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