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Huang J, Ye J, Gao Y, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Lou T, Lai W. Identification of proteins related to SIS3 by iTRAQ and PRM-based comparative proteomic analysis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17485. [PMID: 38854800 PMCID: PMC11160430 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin is a commonly used nephrotoxic drug and can cause acute kidney injury (AKI). In the present study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM)-based comparative proteomics were used to analyze differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) to determine the key molecular mechanism in mice with cisplatin-induced AKI in the presence or absence of SIS3, a specific p-smad3 inhibitor, intervention. Methods The cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model was established and treated with SIS3. We used iTRAQ to search for DEPs, PRM to verify key DEPs and combined Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for bioinformatics analysis. We then assessed lipid deposition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and detected the expression of SREBF1, SCD1, CPT1A, PPARα and NDRG1 in vitro. Results Proteomic analysis showed that the identified DEPs were mainly enriched in energy metabolism pathways, especially in lipid metabolism. When SIS3 was applied to inhibit the phosphorylation of Smad3, the expression of NDRG1 and fatty acid oxidation key proteins CPT1A and PPARα increased, the expression of lipid synthesis related proteins SREBF1 and SCD1 decreased and the production of lipid droplets, MDA and ROS decreased. Conclusion SIS3 alleviates oxidative stress, reduces lipid accumulation and promotes fatty acid oxidation through NDRG1 in cisplatin-induced AKI. Our study provides a new candidate protein for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of fatty acid metabolism disorders in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine/ICU (Intensive Care Unit), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tanqi Lou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyan Lai
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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2
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Liu BH, Xu CZ, Liu Y, Lu ZL, Fu TL, Li GR, Deng Y, Luo GQ, Ding S, Li N, Geng Q. Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:32. [PMID: 38812059 PMCID: PMC11134732 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism. However, their significance extends beyond this, as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and redox balance. In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli, a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanism has evolved, encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy, which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC. Furthermore, the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail. We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC, aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chen-Zhen Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zi-Long Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting-Lv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Rui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Qing Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Song Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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3
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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4
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Chang LY, Chao YL, Chiu CC, Chen PL, Lin HYH. Mitochondrial Signaling, the Mechanisms of AKI-to-CKD Transition and Potential Treatment Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1518. [PMID: 38338797 PMCID: PMC10855342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing in prevalence and causes a global health burden. AKI is associated with significant mortality and can subsequently develop into chronic kidney disease (CKD). The kidney is one of the most energy-demanding organs in the human body and has a role in active solute transport, maintenance of electrochemical gradients, and regulation of fluid balance. Renal proximal tubular cells (PTCs) are the primary segment to reabsorb and secrete various solutes and take part in AKI initiation. Mitochondria, which are enriched in PTCs, are the main source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cells as generated through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial dysfunction may result in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, impaired biogenesis, oxidative stress multiplication, and ultimately leading to cell death. Even though mitochondrial damage and malfunction have been observed in both human kidney disease and animal models of AKI and CKD, the mechanism of mitochondrial signaling in PTC for AKI-to-CKD transition remains unknown. We review the recent findings of the development of AKI-to-CKD transition with a focus on mitochondrial disorders in PTCs. We propose that mitochondrial signaling is a key mechanism of the progression of AKI to CKD and potential targeting for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yu-Lin Chao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Phang-Lang Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Hugo Y.-H. Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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5
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Tang W, Wei Q. The metabolic pathway regulation in kidney injury and repair. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1344271. [PMID: 38283280 PMCID: PMC10811252 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1344271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney injury and repair are accompanied by significant disruptions in metabolic pathways, leading to renal cell dysfunction and further contributing to the progression of renal pathology. This review outlines the complex involvement of various energy production pathways in glucose, lipid, amino acid, and ketone body metabolism within the kidney. We provide a comprehensive summary of the aberrant regulation of these metabolic pathways in kidney injury and repair. After acute kidney injury (AKI), there is notable mitochondrial damage and oxygen/nutrient deprivation, leading to reduced activity in glycolysis and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, disruptions occur in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), amino acid metabolism, and the supply of ketone bodies. The subsequent kidney repair phase is characterized by a metabolic shift toward glycolysis, along with decreased fatty acid β-oxidation and continued disturbances in amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, the impact of metabolism dysfunction on renal cell injury, regeneration, and the development of renal fibrosis is analyzed. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies by targeting renal metabolic regulation to ameliorate kidney injury and fibrosis and promote kidney repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Tang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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6
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Curtis LM. Sex and Gender Differences in AKI. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:160-167. [PMID: 37990360 PMCID: PMC10833607 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in AKI continue to be identified. Generally, women are protected from AKI when compared to men. Much of the protection exhibited in women is diminished after menopause. These sex and age effects have also been noted in animal models of AKI. Gonadal hormones, as modifiers of incidence, severity, and progression of AKI, have been offered as likely contributors to this sex and age effect. In animal models of AKI, estrogen and testosterone seem to modulate susceptibility. Questions remain however regarding cellular and molecular changes that are initiated by modulation of these hormones because both estrogen and testosterone have effects across cell types that play a role in AKI. Although findings have largely been informed by studies in males, molecular pathways that are involved in the initiation and progression of AKI may be modulated by gonadal hormones. Compounding the hormone-receptor effects are developmental effects of sex chromosomal complement and epigenetic influences that may confer sex-based baseline differences in gene and protein expression, and gene dosage effects of X inactivation and escape on molecular pathways. Elucidation of sex-based protection may afford a more complete view of AKI and potential therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, the effect on susceptibility to AKI in transgender patients, who receive life-altering and essential gender-affirming hormone therapy, requires greater attention. In this review, several potential contributors to the sex differences observed in humans and animal models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Curtis
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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7
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Chao Y, Li N, Xiong S, Zhang G, Gao S, Dong X. Lipidomics based on liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry reveals the protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha on kidney stone formation in mice treated with glyoxylate. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300452. [PMID: 37880903 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the relationship between lipid metabolism and kidney stone formation, particularly the role of key lipid regulatory factors in kidney stone formation. We evaluated the effect of the lipid regulatory factor-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha on the formation of renal stones in mice by injecting them with glyoxylate followed by treatment with either a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist fenofibrate or an antagonist GW6471 (GW). Liquid chromatography coupled with trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based lipidomics was used to determine the lipid profile in the mouse kidneys. Histological and biochemical analyses showed that the mice injected with glyoxylate exhibited crystal precipitation and renal dysfunction. Crystallization decreased significantly in the fenofibrate group, whereas it increased significantly in the GW group. A total of 184 lipids, including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids differed significantly between the mice in the model and control groups. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activity negatively correlated with glyoxylate-induced kidney stone formation in mice, which may be related to improved fatty acid oxidation, maintenance of ceramide/complex sphingolipids cycle balance, and alleviation of disorder in phospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Chao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shili Xiong
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Songyan Gao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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8
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Namai-Takahashi A, Takahashi J, Ogawa Y, Sakuyama A, Xu L, Miura T, Kohzuki M, Ito O. Effects of Exercise Training on Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation in the Kidneys of Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15601. [PMID: 37958585 PMCID: PMC10649976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise training (Ex) has anti-hypertensive and renal protective effects. In this study, we investigate the effects of Ex on mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism in the kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet. Eight-week-old, male Dahl-S rats were divided into three groups: (1) normal-salt diet, sedentary (NS-Sed), (2) HS diet, sedentary (HS-Sed), and (3) HS-Ex. The NS and HS groups were fed a diet containing 0.6% and 8% NaCl, respectively. The HS-Ex group performed treadmill running for 8 weeks (5 days/week; 60 min/day at 16-20 m/min, 0% gradient). Renal function and the expression of enzymes and regulators of β-oxidation and electron transport chain (ETC) complexes were assessed. HS increased systolic blood pressure and proteinuria, and Ex ameliorated these defects. HS also reduced creatinine clearance, and Ex ameliorated it. HS reduced the renal expression of enzymes of β-oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase type I (CPTI) and acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (CADs)) and the related transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and Ex restored this. HS also reduced the renal expression of enzymes in ETC complexes, and Ex restored this expression. Ex ameliorates HS-induced renal damage by upregulating enzymes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation and ETC complexes via increases in PPAR-α and PGC-1α expressions in the kidneys of Dahl-S rats. These results suggest that Ex may have beneficial effects on HS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Namai-Takahashi
- Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Junta Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Ogawa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sakuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Lusi Xu
- Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
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9
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Katanić Stanković JS, Selaković D, Rosić G. Oxidative Damage as a Fundament of Systemic Toxicities Induced by Cisplatin-The Crucial Limitation or Potential Therapeutic Target? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14574. [PMID: 37834021 PMCID: PMC10572959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, an inorganic complex of platinum, is a chemotherapeutic drug that has been used for 45 years. Despite the progress of pharmaceutical sciences and medicine and the successful application of other platinum complexes for the same purpose, cisplatin is still the therapy of choice in many cancers. Treatment for testicular, ovarian, head and neck, urothelial, cervical, esophageal, breast, and pulmonary malignancies is still unthinkable without the use of this drug. However, cisplatin is also known for many side effects, of which the most pronounced are nephrotoxicity leading to acute renal failure, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity. Mechanistic studies have proven that one of the conditions that plays a major role in the development of cisplatin-induced toxicities is oxidative stress. Knowing the fact that numerous antioxidants can be used to reduce oxidative stress, thereby reducing tissue lesions, organ failure, and apoptosis at the cellular level, many studies have defined antioxidants as a priority for investigation as a cotreatment. To investigate the mechanism of antioxidant action in vivo, many animal models have been employed. In the last few years, studies have mostly used rodents and zebrafish models. In this article, some of the most recent investigations that used animal models are listed, and the advantages and disadvantages of such experimental studies are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena S. Katanić Stanković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragica Selaković
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Gvozden Rosić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
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10
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Chowdhury MAR, An J, Jeong S. The Pleiotropic Face of CREB Family Transcription Factors. Mol Cells 2023; 46:399-413. [PMID: 37013623 PMCID: PMC10336275 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is one of the most intensively studied phosphorylation-dependent transcription factors that provide evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of differential gene expression in vertebrates and invertebrates. Many cellular protein kinases that function downstream of distinct cell surface receptors are responsible for the activation of CREB. Upon functional dimerization of the activated CREB to cis-acting cAMP responsive elements within the promoters of target genes, it facilitates signal-dependent gene expression. From the discovery of CREB, which is ubiquitously expressed, it has been proven to be involved in a variety of cellular processes that include cell proliferation, adaptation, survival, differentiation, and physiology, through the control of target gene expression. In this review, we highlight the essential roles of CREB proteins in the nervous system, the immune system, cancer development, hepatic physiology, and cardiovascular function and further discuss a wide range of CREB-associated diseases and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Arifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jungeun An
- Division of Life Sciences (Life Sciences Major), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Sangyun Jeong
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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Abdel-Bakky MS, Aldakhili ASA, Ali HM, Babiker AY, Alhowail AH, Mohammed SAA. Evaluation of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Renal Failure Amelioration Using Fondaparinux and Alteplase. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:910. [PMID: 37513824 PMCID: PMC10383028 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) is a deleterious condition with increased mortality or healthcare costs or dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease. The study aims to compare prophylaxis with fondaparinux (Fund) vs. treatment with alteplase (Alt) in ameliorating cisplatin (Cis)-induced ARF. Sixty male mice were equally divided randomly into six groups of control, Cis, Alt, and Cis + Alt groups receiving normal saline for 10 days. All four groups except for the control received Cis (30 mg/kg, i.p.) on day 7, and 6 h later, both the Alt groups received Alt (0.9 mg/kg, i.v.). The animal groups Fund and Fund + Cis received Fund (5 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 days, and the Fund + Cis group on day 7 received Cis. All the animal groups were euthanized 72 h after the Cis dose. The Fund + Cis group showed significantly increased expression levels of platelet count, retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR-α) and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in addition to decreased levels of urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), relative kidney body weight, kidney injury score, glucose, prothrombin (PT), A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinases-10 (ADAM10), extracellular matrix deposition, protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2), and fibrinogen expression when compared to the Cis-only group. Meanwhile, the Cis + Alt group showed increased caspase-3 expression in addition to decreased levels of urea, BUN, uric acid, WBCs, RBCs, glucose, platelet count and PT expression with a marked decrease in PAR-2 protein expression compared to the Cis group. The creatinine levels for both the Fund + Cis and Cis + Alt groups were found to be comparable to those of the Cis-only group. The results demonstrate that the coagulation system's activation through the stimulation of PAR-2 and fibrinogen due to Cis-induced ADAM10 protein expression mediated the apoptotic pathway, as indicated by caspase-3 expression through the p-Akt pathway. This is normally accompanied by the loss of RXR-α distal and proximal tubules as lipid droplets. When the animals were pre-treated with the anticoagulant, Fund, the previous deleterious effect was halted while the fibrinolytic agent, Alt, most of the time failed to treat Cis-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Anas S A Aldakhili
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Ali Y Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman A A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Sheng J, Li X, Lei J, Gan W, Song J. Mitochondrial quality control in acute kidney disease. J Nephrol 2023; 36:1283-1291. [PMID: 36800104 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01582-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney disease (AKD) involves multiple pathogenic mechanisms, including maladaptive repair of renal cells that are rich in mitochondria. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and quality control is crucial for normal kidney function. Mitochondrial quality control serves to maintain mitochondrial function under various conditions, including mitochondrial bioenergetics, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission) and mitophagy. To date, increasing evidence indicates that mitochondrial quality control is disrupted when acute kidney disease develops. This review describes the mechanisms of mitochondria quality control in acute kidney disease, aiming to provide clues to help design new clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Sheng
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Lei
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - WeiHua Gan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China.
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13
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Barbero NM, Oller J, Sanz AB, Ramos AM, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rayego-Mateos S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Cardio-Renal Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098209. [PMID: 37175915 PMCID: PMC10179675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk of all-cause mortality increases from 20% to 500% in patients who suffer both conditions; this is referred to as the so-called cardio-renal syndrome (CRS). Preclinical studies have described the key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular and renal diseases, suggesting that maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising therapeutic strategy for CRS. In this review, we explore the malfunction of mitochondrial homeostasis (mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, oxidative stress, and mitophagy) and how it contributes to the development and progression of the main vascular pathologies that could be affected by kidney injury and vice versa, and how this knowledge may guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mendez Barbero
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Oller
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Li H, Leung JCK, Yiu WH, Chan LYY, Li B, Lok SWY, Xue R, Zou Y, Lai KN, Tang SCW. Tubular β-catenin alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in acute kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1061. [PMID: 36539406 PMCID: PMC9768165 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria take part in a network of intracellular processes that regulate homeostasis. Defects in mitochondrial function are key pathophysiological changes during AKI. Although Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic kidney fibrosis, little is known of the influence of β-catenin on mitochondrial function in AKI. To decipher this interaction, we generated an inducible mouse model of tubule-specific β-catenin overexpression (TubCat), and a model of tubule-specific β-catenin depletion (TubcatKO), and induced septic AKI in these mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and aseptic AKI with bilateral ischemia-reperfusion. In both AKI models, tubular β-catenin stabilization in TubCat animals significantly reduced BUN/serum creatinine, tubular damage (NGAL-positive tubules), apoptosis (TUNEL-positive cells) and necroptosis (phosphorylation of MLKL and RIP3) through activating AKT phosphorylation and p53 suppression; enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis (increased PGC-1α and NRF1) and restored mitochondrial mass (increased TIM23) to re-establish mitochondrial homeostasis (increased fusion markers OPA1, MFN2, and decreased fission protein DRP1) through the FOXO3/PGC-1α signaling cascade. Conversely, kidney function loss and histological damage, tubular cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction were all aggravated in TubCatKO mice. Mechanistically, β-catenin transfection maintained mitochondrial mass and activated PGC-1α via FOXO3 in LPS-exposed HK-2 cells. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that tubular β-catenin mitigates cell death and restores mitochondrial homeostasis in AKI through the common mechanisms associated with activation of AKT/p53 and FOXO3/PGC-1α signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph C. K. Leung
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Han Yiu
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Loretta Y. Y. Chan
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Li
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sarah W. Y. Lok
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Xue
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yixin Zou
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kar Neng Lai
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sydney C. W. Tang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Chen Y, Lu S, Zhang Y, Chen B, Zhou H, Jiang H. Examination of the emerging role of transporters in the assessment of nephrotoxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2022; 18:787-804. [PMID: 36420583 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2022.2151892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The kidney is vulnerable to various injuries based on its function in the elimination of many xenobiotics, endogenous substances and metabolites. Since transporters are critical for the renal elimination of those substances, it is urgent to understand the emerging role of transporters in nephrotoxicity. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the contribution of major renal transporters to nephrotoxicity induced by some drugs or toxins; addresses the role of transporter-mediated endogenous metabolic disturbances in nephrotoxicity; and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of in vitro models based on transporter expression and function. EXPERT OPINION Due to the crucial role of transporters in the renal disposition of xenobiotics and endogenous substances, it is necessary to further elucidate their renal transport mechanisms and pay more attention to the underlying relationship between the transport of endogenous substances and nephrotoxicity. Considering the species differences in the expression and function of transporters, and the low expression of transporters in general cell models, in vitro humanized models, such as humanized 3D organoids, shows significant promise in nephrotoxicity prediction and mechanism study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuanghui Lu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yingqiong Zhang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Binxin Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, P.R. China
| | - Huidi Jiang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, P.R. China
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16
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Zhang M, Hu M, Alles SRA, Montera MA, Adams I, Santi MD, Inoue K, Tu NH, Westlund KN, Ye Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist ELB00824 suppresses oxaliplatin-induced pain, neuronal hypersensitivity, and oxidative stress. Neuropharmacology 2022; 218:109233. [PMID: 36007855 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is a debilitating and difficult-to-treat side effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. CINP is marked with oxidative stress and neuronal hypersensitivities. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. We hypothesize that PPARγ agonists are protective against CIPN by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting neuronal hypersensitivities. To test our hypothesis, acute or chronic CIPN was introduced by short or long-term treatment of oxaliplatin in BALB/c mice. CIPN mice were treated with either a novel blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrable PPARγ agonist ELB00824, or a BBB non-penetrable PPARγ agonist pioglitazone, or vehicle. Cold allodynia, mechanical allodynia, motor coordination, sedation and addiction were measured with dry ice, von Frey filaments, beam-walking tests, and conditioned place preference, respectively. Oxidative stress was accessed by measuring byproducts of protein oxidation (carbonyl and 3-Nitrotyrosine) and lipid peroxidation [Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)], as wells as gene expression of Cat, Sod2, Ppargc1a. The effects of ELB00824 on nociceptor excitability were measured using whole-cell electrophysiology of isolated dorsal root ganglion neurons. Preemptive ELB00824, but not pioglitazone, reduced oxaliplatin-induced cold and mechanical allodynia and oxidative stress. ELB0824 suppressed oxaliplatin-induced firing in IB4- neurons. ELB00824 did not cause motor discoordination or sedation/addiction or reduce the antineoplastic activity of oxaliplatin (measured with an MTS-based cell proliferation assay) in a human colon cancer cell line (HCT116) and a human oral cancer cell line (HSC-3). Our results demonstrated that ELB00824 prevents oxaliplatin-induced pain, likely via inhibiting neuronal hypersensitivities and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Zhang
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, 421 First Avenue, 233W, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th street, New York, NY, 10010, USA; USA Elixiria Biotech Inc, Hartsdale, NY, 10530, USA; Shanghai Elixiria Biotech Co. Ltd, 578 Yingkou Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Min Hu
- Shanghai Elixiria Biotech Co. Ltd, 578 Yingkou Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Sascha R A Alles
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, MSC10 6000, 2211 Lomas Blvd. NE, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Marena A Montera
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, MSC10 6000, 2211 Lomas Blvd. NE, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Ian Adams
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, MSC10 6000, 2211 Lomas Blvd. NE, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Maria D Santi
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, 421 First Avenue, 233W, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th street, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Kenji Inoue
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, 421 First Avenue, 233W, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th street, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Nguyen Huu Tu
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, 421 First Avenue, 233W, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th street, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Karin N Westlund
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, MSC10 6000, 2211 Lomas Blvd. NE, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Yi Ye
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, 421 First Avenue, 233W, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th street, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
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17
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Yu C, Li T, Li J, Cui B, Liu N, Bayliss G, Zhuang S. Inhibition of polycomb repressive complex 2 by targeting EED protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4061-4075. [PMID: 35734954 PMCID: PMC9279598 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a multicomponent complex with methyltransferase activity that catalyzes trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Interaction of the epigenetic reader protein EED with EZH2, a catalytic unit of PRC, allosterically stimulates PRC2 activity. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of the PRC2 in acute kidney injury (AKI) by using EED226, a highly selective PRC2 inhibitor, to target EED. Administration of EED226 improved renal function, attenuated renal pathological changes, and reduced renal tubular cell apoptosis in a murine model of cisplatin‐induced AKI. In cultured renal epithelial cells, treatment with either EED226 or EED siRNA also ameliorated cisplatin‐induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, EED226 treatment inhibited cisplatin‐induced phosphorylation of p53 and FOXO3a, two transcriptional factors contributing to apoptosis, and preserved expression of Sirtuin 3 and PGC1α, two proteins associated with mitochondrial protection in vivo and in vitro. EED226 was also effective in enhancing renal tubular cell proliferation, suppressing expression of multiple inflammatory cytokines, and reducing infiltration of macrophages to the injured kidney. These data suggest that inhibition of the PRC2 activity by targeting EED can protect against cisplatin‐induced AKI by promoting the survival and proliferation of renal tubular cells and inhibiting inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - George Bayliss
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, and Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, and Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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18
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Zhu Z, Hu J, Chen Z, Feng J, Yang X, Liang W, Ding G. Transition of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease: role of metabolic reprogramming. Metabolism 2022; 131:155194. [PMID: 35346693 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although advances in medical management have improved the in-hospital mortality of severe AKI patients, the renal prognosis for AKI patients in the later period is not encouraging. Recent epidemiological investigations have indicated that AKI significantly increases the risk for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the future, further contributing to the economic burden on health care systems. The transition of AKI to CKD is complex and often involves multiple mechanisms. Recent studies have suggested that renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are more prone to metabolic reprogramming during AKI, in which the metabolic process in the TECs shifts from fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) to glycolysis due to hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disordered nutrient-sensing pathways. This change is a double-edged role. On the one hand, enhanced glycolysis acts as a compensation pathway for ATP production; on the other hand, long-term shut down of FAO and enhanced glycolysis lead to inflammation, lipid accumulation, and fibrosis, contributing to the transition of AKI to CKD. This review discusses developments and therapies focused on the metabolic reprogramming of TECs during AKI, and the emerging questions in this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China.
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19
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Gao Z, Chen X. Fatty Acid β-Oxidation in Kidney Diseases: Perspectives on Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:805281. [PMID: 35517820 PMCID: PMC9065343 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.805281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a highly metabolic organ and requires a large amount of ATP to maintain its filtration-reabsorption function, and mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation serves as the main source of energy to meet its functional needs. Reduced and inefficient fatty acid β-oxidation is thought to be a major mechanism contributing to kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy. PPARα, AMPK, sirtuins, HIF-1, and TGF-β/SMAD3 activation have all been shown to play key roles in the regulation of fatty acid β-oxidation in kidney diseases, and restoration of fatty acid β-oxidation by modulation of these molecules can ameliorate the development of such diseases. Here, we disentangle the lipid metabolism regulation properties and potential mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles, and emphasize the role of mesenchymal stem cells on lipid metabolism. This review aims to highlight the important role of fatty acid β-oxidation in the progression of kidney diseases, and to explore the fatty acid β-oxidation effects and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhumei Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Li Z, Liu Z, Luo M, Li X, Chen H, Gong S, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Liu H, Li X. The pathological role of damaged organelles in renal tubular epithelial cells in the progression of acute kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:239. [PMID: 35501332 PMCID: PMC9061711 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of AKI has not been fully elucidated, with a lack of effective treatment. Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) play an important role in AKI, and their damage and repair largely determine the progression and prognosis of AKI. In recent decades, it has been found that the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, and other organelles in TECs are damaged to varying degrees in AKI, and that they can influence each other through various signaling mechanisms that affect the recovery of TECs. However, the association between these multifaceted signaling platforms, particularly between mitochondria and lysosomes during AKI remains unclear. This review summarizes the specific pathophysiological mechanisms of the main TECs organelles in the context of AKI, particularly the potential interactions among them, in order to provide insights into possible novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Zejian Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Mianna Luo
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Huixia Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Siqiao Gong
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Minjie Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yaozhi Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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21
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Gao J, Gu Z. The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Kidney Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:832732. [PMID: 35308207 PMCID: PMC8931476 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.832732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Accumulating evidence suggests that PPARs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney disease. All three members of the PPAR subfamily, PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, have been implicated in many renal pathophysiological conditions, including acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, and chronic kidney disease, among others. Emerging data suggest that PPARs may be potential therapeutic targets for renal disease. This article reviews the physiological roles of PPARs in the kidney and discusses the therapeutic utility of PPAR agonists in the treatment of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaoyan Gu,
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22
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Shi S, Zhang B, Li Y, Xu X, Lv J, Jia Q, Chai R, Xue W, Li Y, Wang Y, Wu H, Song Q, Hu Y. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: An Emerging Link in the Pathophysiology of Cardiorenal Syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:837270. [PMID: 35282359 PMCID: PMC8914047 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.837270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between the heart and kidney is carried out through various bidirectional pathways. Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a pathological condition in which acute or chronic dysfunction in the heart or kidneys induces acute or chronic dysfunction of the other organ. Complex hemodynamic factors and biochemical and hormonal pathways contribute to the development of CRS. In addition to playing a critical role in generating metabolic energy in eukaryotic cells and serving as signaling hubs during several vital processes, mitochondria rapidly sense and respond to a wide range of stress stimuli in the external environment. Impaired adaptive responses ultimately lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, inducing cell death and tissue damage. Subsequently, these changes result in organ failure and trigger a vicious cycle. In vitro and animal studies have identified an important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis may be a promising therapeutic strategy to interrupt the vicious cycle between HF and acute kidney injury (AKI)/CKD. In this review, we hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction may also play a central role in the development and progression of CRS. We first focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of HF and AKI/CKD, then discuss the current research evidence supporting that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in various types of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxuan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiulei Jia
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoning Chai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Xue
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Reproductive and Genetic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huaqin Wu
| | - Qingqiao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qingqiao Song
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yuanhui Hu
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23
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Zhang Q, Sun Q, Tong Y, Bi X, Chen L, Lu J, Ding W. Leonurine attenuates cisplatin nephrotoxicity by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:2275-2284. [PMID: 35106716 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin has been widely accepted as an effective chemotherapy drug with various side effects, including nephrotoxicity. The mechanisms of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) are complex, and there are limited renoprotective approaches. Leonurine is the main active compound of a Chinese herb and has recently been reported to have a protective effect on the kidneys. This study aimed to verify the renoprotective effect of leonurine in attenuating cisplatin-induced AKI and explore the potential associated mechanisms. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (Sham, Cisplatin, Leonurine, and Cisplatin + Leonurine). Mice in the leonurine-treated groups were pretreated with a daily intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg leonurine. AKI was induced by injecting cisplatin once intraperitoneally at 20 mg/kg body weight. Mice were killed on day 5. Kidney injury was assessed using a serum biochemical and histological assay. Apoptosis was evaluated using a terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining assay and Western blot. Antioxidant enzymes were detected using commercial kits. The improvement in inflammasome activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Leonurine treatment improved kidney function by preventing renal tubular injury and apoptosis. Expression of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components and inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ERS were all alleviated by leonurine. CONCLUSION The results indicate that leonurine plays a protective role in cisplatin-induced AKI and may represent an effective multi-targeted intervention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qiuhong Sun
- Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 44 Dongyi Road, Shandong, 255020, China
| | - Yan Tong
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiao Bi
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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24
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Packialakshmi B, Stewart IJ, Burmeister DM, Feng Y, McDaniel DP, Chung KK, Zhou X. Tourniquet-induced lower limb ischemia/reperfusion reduces mitochondrial function by decreasing mitochondrial biogenesis in acute kidney injury in mice. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15181. [PMID: 35146957 PMCID: PMC8831939 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which lower limb ischemia/reperfusion induces acute kidney injury (AKI) remain largely uncharacterized. We hypothesized that tourniquet-induced lower limb ischemia/reperfusion (TILLIR) would inhibit mitochondrial function in the renal cortex. We used a murine model to show that TILLIR of the high thigh regions inflicted time-dependent AKI as determined by renal function and histology. This effect was associated with decreased activities of mitochondrial complexes I, II, V and citrate synthase in the kidney cortex. Moreover, TILLIR reduced mRNA levels of a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis PGC-1α, and its downstream genes NDUFS1 and ATP5o in the renal cortex. TILLIR also increased serum corticosterone concentrations. TILLIR did not significantly affect protein levels of the critical regulators of mitophagy PINK1 and PARK2, mitochondrial transport proteins Tom20 and Tom70, or heat-shock protein 27. TILLIR had no significant effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress as determined by mitochondrial ability to generate reactive oxygen species, protein carbonylation, or protein levels of MnSOD and peroxiredoxin1. However, TILLIR inhibited classic autophagic flux by increasing p62 protein abundance and preventing the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II. TILLIR increased phosphorylation of cytosolic and mitochondrial ERK1/2 and mitochondrial AKT1, as well as mitochondrial SGK1 activity. In conclusion, lower limb ischemia/reperfusion induces distal AKI by inhibiting mitochondrial function through reducing mitochondrial biogenesis. This AKI occurs without significantly affecting PINK1-PARK2-mediated mitophagy or mitochondrial oxidative stress in the kidney cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Packialakshmi
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
- The Henry Jackson M. Foundation for the Advancement of Military MedicineBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Ian J. Stewart
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - David M. Burmeister
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Yuanyi Feng
- Department of BiochemistryUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Dennis P. McDaniel
- Biomedical Instrumentation CenterUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Kevin K. Chung
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
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25
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PGC-1α inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome via preserving mitochondrial viability to protect kidney fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:31. [PMID: 35013155 PMCID: PMC8748677 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by mitochondrial damage and contributes to kidney fibrosis. However, it is unknown whether PGC-1α, a key mitochondrial biogenesis regulator, modulates NLRP3 inflammasome in kidney injury. Primary renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) were isolated from C57BL/6 mice. The NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dynamics and morphology, oxidative stress, and cell injury markers were examined in RTECs treated by TGF-β1 with or without Ppargc1a plasmid, PGC-1α activator (metformin), and siPGC-1α. In vivo, adenine-fed and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice were treated with metformin. In vitro, TGF-β1 treatment to RTECs suppressed the expressions of PGC-1α and mitochondrial dynamic-related genes. The NLRP3 inflammasome was also activated and the expression of fibrotic and cell injury markers was increased. PGC-1α induction with the plasmid and metformin improved mitochondrial dynamics and morphology and attenuated the NLRP3 inflammasome and cell injury. The opposite changes were observed by siPGC-1α. The oxidative stress levels, which are inducers of the NLRP3 inflammasome, were increased and the expression of TNFAIP3, a negative regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome regulated by PGC-1α, was decreased by TGF-β1 and siPGC-1α. However, PGC-1α restoration reversed these alterations. In vivo, adenine-fed and UUO mice models showed suppression of PGC-1α and TNFAIP3 and dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics. Moreover, the activation of oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome, and kidney fibrosis were increased in these mice. However, these changes were significantly reversed by metformin. This study demonstrated that kidney injury was ameliorated by PGC-1α-induced inactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via modulation of mitochondrial viability and dynamics.
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26
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Curtis LM, Balkawade R. Thermoneutral Regulation and Acute Injury: Implications for Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2022; 146:229-233. [PMID: 34823244 PMCID: PMC9090934 DOI: 10.1159/000520143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has demonstrated sex differences as illustrated in clinical and preclinical studies. In most cases, females show a significant resistance to AKI as manifested by renal indicators of injury, and thus much of the literature is derived from studies exclusively in males. Thermoneutral housing alters sex differences in acute injury of the liver, but has not been studied in the kidney. Thermoneutrality, the ambient temperature at which additional energy is not needed to maintain core body temperature, is regulated by mechanisms residing in mitochondria. Importantly, mitochondrial function plays an important role in induction and recovery of AKI. Mechanisms that regulate thermoneutrality include uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and one of its upstream regulators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). PGC-1α has been extensively studied in AKI in males. UCP-2, a UCP expressed in the kidney, has been minimally studied in AKI in males. Expression of other UCPs in the kidney has not been well defined. No studies of either PGC-1α or UCPs have interrogated for a sex difference nor have they been investigated at thermoneutrality in the kidney. In this brief review, pathways of importance in thermoneutrality are described and related to pathways of importance in modulating susceptibility to AKI. Clarity in the understanding of the impact of thermoneutrality on AKI in altering susceptibility in females may expand our understanding of the critical role of mitochondrial function in this setting. Unique utilization of mitochondrial-based molecular pathways in females may then inform potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Curtis
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rohan Balkawade
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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27
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Zhang X, Agborbesong E, Li X. The Role of Mitochondria in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011253. [PMID: 34681922 PMCID: PMC8537003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are heterogeneous and highly dynamic organelles, playing critical roles in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, metabolic modulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell differentiation and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been recognized as a contributor in many diseases. The kidney is an organ enriched in mitochondria and with high energy demand in the human body. Recent studies have been focusing on how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of different forms of kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). AKI has been linked to an increased risk of developing CKD. AKI and CKD have a broad clinical syndrome and a substantial impact on morbidity and mortality, encompassing various etiologies and representing important challenges for global public health. Renal mitochondrial disorders are a common feature of diverse forms of AKI and CKD, which result from defects in mitochondrial structure, dynamics, and biogenesis as well as crosstalk of mitochondria with other organelles. Persistent dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis in AKI and CKD affects diverse cellular pathways, leading to an increase in renal microvascular loss, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and eventually renal failure. It is important to understand the cellular and molecular events that govern mitochondria functions and pathophysiology in AKI and CKD, which should facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of the molecular insights of the mitochondria and the specific pathogenic mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of AKI, CKD, and AKI to CKD transition. We also discuss the possible beneficial effects of mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic agents for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated AKI and CKD, which may translate into therapeutic options to ameliorate renal injury and delay the progression of these kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (X.Z.); (E.A.)
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ewud Agborbesong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (X.Z.); (E.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (X.Z.); (E.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +507-266-0110
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28
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Dai W, Lu H, Chen Y, Yang D, Sun L, He L. The Loss of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:706832. [PMID: 34422828 PMCID: PMC8375501 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.706832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the predominant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease worldwide, which are major risk factors for death. The pathogenesis of DKD is very complicated, including inflammation, autophagy impairment, oxidative stress, and so on. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that the loss of mitochondrial quality control exerts critical roles in the progression of DKD. Mitochondria are essential for eukaryotic cell viability but are extremely vulnerable to damage. The mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control act at the molecular level and the organelle level, including mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial protein quality control. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the role of disturbances in mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of DKD and provide potential insights to explore how to delay the onset and development of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenni Dai
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hengcheng Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Danyi Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyu He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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29
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Fujii R, Hasegawa S, Maekawa H, Inoue T, Yoshioka K, Uni R, Ikeda Y, Nangaku M, Inagi R. Decreased IFT88 expression with primary cilia shortening causes mitochondrial dysfunction in cisplatin-induced tubular injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F278-F292. [PMID: 34338030 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00673.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The relevance of primary cilia shortening in kidney disease and its pathomechanism are largely unknown. Tubular damage in acute kidney injury (AKI) is strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we investigated the interaction between primary cilia and mitochondria in cisplatin-induced AKI mouse models. We observed that the expression of intraflagellar transport 88 (IFT88), a ciliary maintenance protein, was decreased in the renal cortex following tubular damage due to cisplatin-induced AKI. This result was consistent with the decreased IFT88 expression in cisplatin-treated RPTEC/TERT1 cells (human primary proximal tubular cells) parallel to the shortening of primary cilia, suggesting a causative link between tubular damage and IFT88-mediated cilia regulation. To address the effect of impaired primary cilia with decreased IFT88 expression on tubular function, RPTEC/TERT1 cells treated with cisplatin and knocked down for IFT88 using siRNA (IFT88-KD) were assessed for phenotypic changes and mitochondrial metabolic function. Both cisplatin and IFT88-KD caused primary cilia shortening, downregulated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity, and had defective fatty acid oxidation and decreased ATP production. Furthermore, IFT88 overexpression enhanced mitochondrial respiration, which partially counteracted cisplatin-induced defective fatty acid oxidation. These results are indicative of the contribution of IFT88 to mitochondrial homeostasis. Our findings suggest that tubular mitochondrial dysfunction in cisplatin-induced AKI is mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in IFT88 expression with primary cilia shortening. That is, tubular mitochondrial damage followed by tubular injury in AKI may occur through alteration of IFT88 expression and subsequent ciliary shortening in tubular cells.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here, we demonstrated organelle cross-talk between primary cilia and mitochondria of proximal tubular cells in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. The primary cilia-mitochondria interaction may open new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Fujii
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maekawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshioka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,R&D Division, Kyowa Kirin Company, Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Ikeda
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Abstract
The kidney is a highly metabolic organ that requires substantial adenosine triphosphate for the active transport required to maintain water and solute reabsorption. Aberrations in energy availability and energy utilization can lead to cellular dysfunction and death. Mitochondria are essential for efficient energy production. The pathogenesis of acute kidney injury is complex and varies with different types of injury. However, multiple distinct acute kidney injury syndromes share a common dysregulation of energy metabolism. Pathways of energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction are emerging as critical drivers of acute kidney injury and represent new potential targets for treatment. This review shows the basic metabolic pathways that all cells depend on for life; describes how the kidney optimizes those pathways to meet its anatomic, physiologic, and metabolic needs; summarizes the importance of metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction in acute kidney injury; and analyzes the mitochondrial processes that become dysregulated in acute kidney injury including mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and changes in mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Clark
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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31
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Tang C, Cai J, Yin XM, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Mitochondrial quality control in kidney injury and repair. Nat Rev Nephrol 2021; 17:299-318. [PMID: 33235391 PMCID: PMC8958893 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for the activity, function and viability of eukaryotic cells and mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease, as well as in abnormal kidney repair after AKI. Multiple quality control mechanisms, including antioxidant defence, protein quality control, mitochondrial DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, have evolved to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. Loss of these mechanisms may induce mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, leading to cell death, tissue injury and, potentially, organ failure. Accumulating evidence suggests a role of disturbances in mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of AKI, incomplete or maladaptive kidney repair and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, specific interventions that target mitochondrial quality control mechanisms to preserve and restore mitochondrial function have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat kidney injury and accelerate kidney repair. However, clinical translation of these findings is challenging owing to potential adverse effects, unclear mechanisms of action and a lack of knowledge of the specific roles and regulation of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in kidney resident and circulating cell types during injury and repair of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joel M. Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manjeri A. Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,
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32
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Franzin R, Stasi A, Ranieri E, Netti GS, Cantaluppi V, Gesualdo L, Stallone G, Castellano G. Targeting Premature Renal Aging: from Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Senescence to Senolytic Trials. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:630419. [PMID: 33995028 PMCID: PMC8117359 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.630419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological process of renal aging is characterized by progressive structural and functional deterioration of the kidney leading to end-stage renal disease, requiring renal replacement therapy. Since the discovery of pivotal mechanisms of senescence such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis inhibition, and the development of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), efforts in the understanding of how senescent cells participate in renal physiological and pathological aging have grown exponentially. This has been encouraged by both preclinical studies in animal models with senescent cell clearance or genetic depletion as well as due to evidence coming from the clinical oncologic experience. This review considers the molecular mechanism and pathways that trigger premature renal aging from mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications to autophagy, DNA damage repair (DDR), and the involvement of extracellular vesicles. We also discuss the different pharmaceutical approaches to selectively target senescent cells (namely, senolytics) or the development of systemic SASP (called senomorphics) in basic models of CKD and clinical trials. Finally, an overview will be provided on the potential opportunities for their use in renal transplantation during ex vivo machine perfusion to improve the quality of the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Franzin
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Ranieri
- Clinical Pathology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stefano Netti
- Clinical Pathology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine and Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
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33
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Poveda J, Vázquez-Sánchez S, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. TWEAK-Fn14 as a common pathway in the heart and the kidneys in cardiorenal syndrome. J Pathol 2021; 254:5-19. [PMID: 33512736 DOI: 10.1002/path.5631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a complex relationship between cardiac and renal disease, often referred to as the cardiorenal syndrome. Heart failure adversely affects kidney function, and both acute and chronic kidney disease are associated with structural and functional changes to the myocardium. The pathological mechanisms and contributing interactions that surround this relationship remain poorly understood, limiting the opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), are abundantly expressed in injured kidneys and heart. The TWEAK-Fn14 axis promotes responses that drive tissue injury such as inflammation, proliferation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, while restraining the expression of tissue protective factors such as the anti-aging factor Klotho and the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). High levels of TWEAK induce cardiac remodeling, and promote inflammation, tubular and podocyte injury and death, fibroblast proliferation, and, ultimately, renal fibrosis. Accordingly, targeting the TWEAK-Fn14 axis is protective in experimental kidney and heart disease. TWEAK has also emerged as a biomarker of kidney damage and cardiovascular outcomes and has been successfully targeted in clinical trials. In this review, we update our current knowledge of the roles of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in cardiovascular and kidney disease and its potential contribution to the cardiorenal syndrome. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vázquez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Research Institute - Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute - Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,School of Doctoral Studies and Research, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Tubular mitochondrial AKT1 is activated during ischemia reperfusion injury and has a critical role in predisposition to chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2020; 99:870-884. [PMID: 33316281 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Kidney tubular dysfunction contributes to acute kidney injury and to the transition to chronic kidney disease. Although tubular mitochondria have been implicated in the pathophysiology of kidney failure, the mechanisms are not yet clear. Here, we demonstrated that ischemia-reperfusion injury induced acute translocation and activation of mitochondrial protein kinase B (also known as AKT1) in the kidney tubules. We hypothesized that mitochondrial AKT1 signaling protects against the development of acute kidney injury and subsequent chronic kidney disease. To test this prediction, we generated two novel kidney tubule-specific transgenic mouse strains with inducible expression of mitochondria-targeted dominant negative AKT1 or constitutively active AKT1, using a Cre-Lox strategy. Inhibition of mitochondrial AKT1 in mitochondria-targeted dominant negative AKT1 mice aggravated azotemia, tubular injuries, kidney fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, and negatively impacted survival after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conversely, enhancing tubular mitochondrial AKT1 signaling in mitochondria-targeted constitutively active AKT1 mice attenuated kidney injuries, protected kidney function, and significantly improved survival after ischemia-reperfusion injury (76.9% vs. 20.8%, respectively). Uncoupled mitochondrial respiration and increased oxidative stress was found in the kidney tubules when mitochondria AKT1 was inhibited, supporting the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney failure. Thus, our studies suggest tubular mitochondrial AKT1 signaling could be a novel target to develop new strategies for better prevention and treatment of kidney injury.
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35
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Clark AJ, Parikh SM. Targeting energy pathways in kidney disease: the roles of sirtuins, AMPK, and PGC1α. Kidney Int 2020; 99:828-840. [PMID: 33307105 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The kidney has extraordinary metabolic demands to sustain the active transport of solutes that is critical to renal filtration and clearance. Mitochondrial health is vital to meet those demands and maintain renal fitness. Decades of studies have linked poor mitochondrial health to kidney disease. Key regulators of mitochondrial health-adenosine monophosphate kinase, sirtuins, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α-have all been shown to play significant roles in renal resilience against disease. This review will summarize the latest research into the activities of those regulators and evaluate the roles and therapeutic potential of targeting those regulators in acute kidney injury, glomerular kidney disease, and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Clark
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Nephrology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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36
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Libby AE, Jones B, Lopez-Santiago I, Rowland E, Levi M. Nuclear receptors in the kidney during health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 78:100935. [PMID: 33272705 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, nuclear receptors (NRs) have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of systemic homeostasis and as contributing factors in many diseases. In the kidney, NRs play numerous important roles in maintaining homeostasis-many of which continue to be unraveled. As "master regulators", these important transcription factors integrate and coordinate many renal processes such as circadian responses, lipid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, glucose handling, and inflammatory responses. The use of recently-developed genetic tools and small molecule modulators have allowed for detailed studies of how renal NRs contribute to kidney homeostasis. Importantly, while NRs are intimately involved in proper kidney function, they are also implicated in a variety of renal diseases such as diabetes, acute kidney injury, and other conditions such as aging. In the last 10 years, our understanding of renal disease etiology and progression has been greatly shaped by knowledge regarding how NRs are dysregulated in these conditions. Importantly, NRs have also become attractive therapeutic targets for attenuation of renal diseases, and their modulation for this purpose has been the subject of intense investigation. Here, we review the role in health and disease of six key renal NRs including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), estrogen-related receptors (ERR), the farnesoid X receptors (FXR), estrogen receptors (ER), liver X receptors (LXR), and vitamin D receptors (VDR) with an emphasis on recent findings over the last decade. These NRs have generated a wealth of data over the last 10 years that demonstrate their crucial role in maintaining normal renal homeostasis as well as their capacity to modulate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Libby
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, 3900 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Bryce Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, 3900 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Isabel Lopez-Santiago
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, 3900 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Emma Rowland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, 3900 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, 3900 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
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37
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Chambers JM, Addiego A, Flores-Mireles AL, Wingert RA. Ppargc1a Controls Ciliated Cell Development by Regulating Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108370. [PMID: 33176142 PMCID: PMC7731726 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based organelles that function in a multitude of physiological contexts to perform chemosensing, mechanosensing, and fluid propulsion. The process of ciliogenesis is highly regulated, and disruptions result in disease states termed ciliopathies. Here, we report that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (ppargc1a) is essential for ciliogenesis in nodal, mono-, and multiciliated cells (MCCs) and for discernment of renal tubule ciliated cell fate during embryogenesis. ppargc1a performs these functions by affecting prostaglandin signaling, whereby cilia formation and renal MCC fate are restored with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) treatment in ppargc1a-deficient animals. Genetic disruption of ppargc1a specifically reduces expression of the prostanoid biosynthesis gene prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (ptgs1), and suboptimal knockdown of both genes shows this synergistic effect. Furthermore, ptgs1 overexpression rescues ciliogenesis and renal MCCs in ppargc1a-deficient embryos. These findings position Ppargc1a as a key genetic regulator of prostaglandin signaling during ciliated cell ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Chambers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Amanda Addiego
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Ana L Flores-Mireles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Rebecca A Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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38
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El-Deeb OS, Soliman GM, Elesawy RO. Linagliptin, the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme inhibitor, lessens CHOP and GRP78 biomarkers levels in cisplatin-induced neurobehavioral deficits: A possible restorative gateway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22541. [PMID: 32567747 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent, however, its neurotoxicity is a chief cause of its limited usage. Linagliptin, which is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme inhibitor, has exhibited considerable neuroprotective potential. We aimed to evaluate the linagliptin modulatory effects on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, redox status, and apoptosis in CP-induced neurotoxicity. Thirty mice were allocated equally into the control group, Group II: CP group, and Group III: linagliptin treated CP group. All groups were subjected to the measurement of hippocampal messenger RNA gene expression of glucose-regulated protein-78 and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and cleaved caspase-3 levels were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique while malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity were detected spectrophotometrically. Linagliptin ameliorated ER stress and enhanced antioxidant status with cognitive function improvement. Linagliptin may be considered a promising neuroprotective agent owing to its ability to reduce ER/oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia S El-Deeb
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Gehan M Soliman
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rasha O Elesawy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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39
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Jang HS, Noh MR, Kim J, Padanilam BJ. Defective Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation and Lipotoxicity in Kidney Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:65. [PMID: 32226789 PMCID: PMC7080698 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a highly metabolic organ and uses high levels of ATP to maintain electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis and reabsorb nutrients. Energy depletion is a critical factor in development and progression of various kidney diseases including acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetic and glomerular nephropathy. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) serves as the preferred source of ATP in the kidney and its dysfunction results in ATP depletion and lipotoxicity to elicit tubular injury and inflammation and subsequent fibrosis progression. This review explores the current state of knowledge on the role of mitochondrial FAO dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases including AKI and CKD and prospective views on developing therapeutic interventions based on mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jinu Kim
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Department of Anatomy, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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40
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Fontecha-Barriuso M, Martin-Sanchez D, Martinez-Moreno JM, Monsalve M, Ramos AM, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A, Sanz AB. The Role of PGC-1α and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Kidney Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020347. [PMID: 32102312 PMCID: PMC7072614 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest growing causes of death worldwide, emphasizing the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches. CKD predisposes to acute kidney injury (AKI) and AKI favors CKD progression. Mitochondrial derangements are common features of both AKI and CKD and mitochondria-targeting therapies are under study as nephroprotective agents. PGC-1α is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and an attractive therapeutic target. Low PGC-1α levels and decreased transcription of its gene targets have been observed in both preclinical AKI (nephrotoxic, endotoxemia, and ischemia-reperfusion) and in experimental and human CKD, most notably diabetic nephropathy. In mice, PGC-1α deficiency was associated with subclinical CKD and predisposition to AKI while PGC-1α overexpression in tubular cells protected from AKI of diverse causes. Several therapeutic strategies may increase kidney PGC-1α activity and have been successfully tested in animal models. These include AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators, phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, and anti-TWEAK antibodies. In conclusion, low PGC-1α activity appears to be a common feature of AKI and CKD and recent characterization of nephroprotective approaches that increase PGC-1α activity may pave the way for nephroprotective strategies potentially effective in both AKI and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martin-Sanchez
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Manuel Martinez-Moreno
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
| | - Maria Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Adrian Mario Ramos
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IRSIN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-550-48-00
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41
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Pan H, Li J, Zhou Q, Zhu F, He S. Protective Effects of PGC-1α on the Blood Brain Barrier After Acute Kidney Injury. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1086-1096. [PMID: 32060774 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption plays an important role in brain injury after acute kidney injury (AKI). However, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recent evidence has revealed that proper mitochondrial function is essential for BBB permeability. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a key factor in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. This study was designed to investigate the role of PGC-1α in BBB injury after AKI and its related mechanisms. Mice received recombinant adenovirus encoding murine PGC-1α (100 μl, 1.0 × 109PFU/ml) or vehicle 5 days before renal I/R or sham operation. Twenty-four hours after the operation, brain, kidney and serum samples were collected for assessments. We found that mice suffering from renal I/R injury showed decreased PGC-1α levels in both the kidney and BBB. PGC-1α transfection resulted in increased PGC-1α level and mitochondrial transcripts in BBB at 24 h after AKI. PGC-1α transfection improved renal function, systemic inflammation and BBB permeability via both the paracellular and transcellular pathways. Further study suggested that PGC-1α overexpression elevated fatty acid oxidation related gene expression. Our findings demonstrate the importance of PGC-1α in AKI-induced BBB injury and suggest that it could be a therapeutic target for BBB repair via the regulation of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junhua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaodan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengming Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan He
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
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42
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Jang HS, Noh MR, Jung EM, Kim WY, Southekal S, Guda C, Foster KW, Oupicky D, Ferrer FA, Padanilam BJ. Proximal tubule cyclophilin D regulates fatty acid oxidation in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2020; 97:327-339. [PMID: 31733829 PMCID: PMC6983334 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of the etiology, acute kidney injury involves aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion. Fatty acid oxidation is the preferred energy source of the kidney and is inhibited during acute kidney injury. A pivotal role for the mitochondrial matrix protein, cyclophilin D in regulating overall cell metabolism is being unraveled. We hypothesize that mitochondrial interaction of proximal tubule cyclophilin D and the transcription factor PPARα modulate fatty acid beta-oxidation in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Cisplatin injury resulted in histological and functional damage in the kidney with downregulation of fatty acid oxidation genes and increase of intrarenal lipid accumulation. However, proximal tubule-specific deletion of cyclophilin D protected the kidneys from the aforementioned effects. Mitochondrial translocation of PPARα, its binding to cyclophilin D, and sequestration led to inhibition of its nuclear translocation and transcription of PPARα-regulated fatty acid oxidation genes during cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of cyclophilin D preserved nuclear expression and transcriptional activity of PPARα and prevented the impairment of fatty acid oxidation and intracellular lipid accumulation. Docking analysis identified potential binding sites between PPARα and cyclophilin D. Thus, our results indicate that proximal tubule cyclophilin D elicits impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation via mitochondrial interaction between cyclophilin D and PPARα. Hence, targeting their interaction may be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent energy depletion, lipotoxicity and cell death in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Siddesh Southekal
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kirk W Foster
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - David Oupicky
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Fernando A Ferrer
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
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43
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Cargill K, Sims-Lucas S. Metabolic requirements of the nephron. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:1-8. [PMID: 30554363 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian kidney is a complex organ that has several metabolically active cell types to aid in waste filtration, salt-water balance, and electrolyte homeostasis in the body. These functions are done primarily through the nephron, which relies on strict regulation of various metabolic pathways. Any deviations in the metabolic profile of nephrons or their precursor cells called nephron progenitors can lead to renal pathologies and abnormal development. Metabolism encompasses the mechanisms by which cells generate intermediate molecules and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is required by all cells and is mainly generated through glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. During kidney development, self-renewing or proliferating cells rely on glycolysis to a greater extent than the other metabolic pathways to supply energy, replenish reducing equivalents, and generate nucleotides. However, terminally differentiated cell types rely more heavily on fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation performed in the mitochondria to fulfill energy requirements. Further, the mature nephron is comprised of distinct segments and each segment utilizes metabolic pathways to varying degrees depending on the specific function. This review will focus on major metabolic processes performed by the nephron during health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Cargill
- Rangos Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sunder Sims-Lucas
- Rangos Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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44
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Lee G, Uddin MJ, Kim Y, Ko M, Yu I, Ha H. PGC-1α, a potential therapeutic target against kidney aging. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12994. [PMID: 31313501 PMCID: PMC6718532 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is defined as changes in an organism over time. The proportion of the aged population is markedly increasing worldwide. The kidney, as an essential organ with a high energy requirement, is one of the most susceptible organs to aging. It is involved in glucose metabolism via gluconeogenesis, glucose filtration and reabsorption, and glucose utilization. Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) depend on lipid metabolism to meet the high demand for ATP. Recent studies have shown that aging‐related kidney dysfunction is highly associated with metabolic changes in the kidney. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1 alpha (PGC‐1α), a transcriptional coactivator, plays a major role in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisomal biogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism. PGC‐1α is abundant in tissues, including kidney PTECs, which demand high energy. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the activation of PGC‐1α by genetic or pharmacological intervention prevents telomere shortening and aging‐related changes in the skeletal muscle, heart, and brain. The activation of PGC‐1α can also prevent kidney dysfunction in various kidney diseases. Therefore, a better understanding of the effect of PGC‐1α activation in various organs on aging and kidney diseases may unveil a potential therapeutic strategy against kidney aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayoung Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Yoojeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Minji Ko
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Inyoung Yu
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
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45
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Lee MC, Cheng KJ, Chen SM, Li YC, Imai K, Lee CM, Lee JA. A novel preventive mechanism of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by atorvastatin. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4639. [PMID: 31256419 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Atorvastatin (ATO) inhibits the synthesis of nonsteroidal isoprenoid compounds and possesses a pleiotropic effect. However, the detailed mechanism of ATO in preventing gentamicin (GM)-induced renal injury remains obscure. Although underlying multifaceted mechanisms involving GM-induced nephrotoxicity were well known, further work on elucidating the essential mechanism was needed. Using a fluorogenic derivatization-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry proteomic method (FD-LC-MS/MS method), we investigated the effects and mechanisms of ATO treatment on GM-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Consequently, 49 differentially expressed proteins were identified. The most significant mechanisms of nephrotoxicity caused by GM were mitochondrial dysfunction, fatty acid metabolism and oxidative stress. Their upstream regulator was found to be PPARα. The proteins involved in GM nephrotoxicity were sodium-hydrogen exchanger regulatory factor (SLC9A3R1), cathepsin V (CTSV), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (ARHGDIA). After ATO intervention, we observed a reversed enrichment pattern of their expression, especially in CTSV and SLC9A3R1 (P-value<0.05). We predicted that ATO may improve abnormal phospholipid metabolism and phospholipidosis caused by GM and also alleviate cell volume homeostasis and reverse the interference of GM with the transporter. Furthermore, proteomic results also provided clues as to GM-induced nephrotoxicity biomarkers such as CTSV and transthyretin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ju Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Li
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kazuhiro Imai
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chun-Ming Lee
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph's Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ai Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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46
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Qi L, Luo Q, Zhang Y, Jia F, Zhao Y, Wang F. Advances in Toxicological Research of the Anticancer Drug Cisplatin. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1469-1486. [PMID: 31353895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for various solid tumors in the clinic due to its high efficacy and broad spectrum. The antineoplastic activity of cisplatin is mainly due to its ability to cross-link with DNA, thus blocking transcription and replication. Unfortunately, the clinical use of cisplatin is limited by its severe, dose-dependent toxic side effects. There are approximately 40 specific toxicities of cisplatin, among which nephrotoxicity is the most common one. Other common side effects include ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, hematological toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. These side effects together reduce the life quality of patients and require lowering the dosage of the drug, even stopping administration, thus weakening the treatment effect. Few effective measures exist clinically against these side effects because the exact mechanisms of various side effects from cisplatin remain still unclear. Therefore, substantial effort has been made to explore the complicated biochemical processes involved in the toxicology of cisplatin, aiming to identify effective ways to reduce or eradicate its toxicity. This review summarizes and reviews the updated advances in the toxicological research of cisplatin. We anticipate to provide insights into the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the side effects of cisplatin and designing comprehensive therapeutic strategies involving cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Feifei Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China.,Basic Medical College , Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine , Jinan 250355 , P.R. China
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47
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Bernal-Barquero CE, Vázquez-Zapién GJ, Mata-Miranda MM. Revisión de las alteraciones en la expresión génica y vías apoptóticas provocadas en la nefrotoxicidad inducida por cisplatino. Nefrologia 2019; 39:362-371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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48
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Yao S, Wei B, Yu M, Meng X, He M, Yao R. Design, synthesis and evaluation of PD176252 analogues for ameliorating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:757-763. [PMID: 31191866 PMCID: PMC6533884 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00632f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a clinical chemotherapy drug for cancers; however, its remarkably high kidney toxicity and other toxicities pose a danger to patients. As the small molecule inhibitor of GRPR, PD176252 can inhibit the growth and proliferation of various cancer cells, but the characteristics of high toxicity and poor water solubility has limited its use as a drug. When we studied PD176252 for the reduction of toxicity of cisplatin, we modified its structure to synthesize 16 analogues. Surprisingly, the analogues showed reduced cisplatin-induced renal toxicity, and unlike PD176252, the analogues 5d and 5m were almost non-toxic to the normal HK2 cells. Furthermore, the analogue 5d and PD176252 were subjected to cisplatin-induced inflammatory response in vitro. The results showed that 5d was able to better prevent this condition by effectively inhibiting its inflammatory response. Thus, this study will help in clinically reducing the side effects of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230000 , China .
| | - Biao Wei
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , 230032 , China
| | - Mingjun Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230000 , China .
| | - Xiaoming Meng
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , 230032 , China
| | - Meng He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230000 , China .
| | - Risheng Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230000 , China .
- Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess , Ministry of Education , PRC , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , China
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49
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Guo C, Dong G, Liang X, Dong Z. Epigenetic regulation in AKI and kidney repair: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:220-239. [PMID: 30651611 PMCID: PMC7866490 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-018-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major public health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite decades of research, the pathogenesis of AKI remains incompletely understood and effective therapies are lacking. An increasing body of evidence suggests a role for epigenetic regulation in the process of AKI and kidney repair, involving remarkable changes in histone modifications, DNA methylation and the expression of various non-coding RNAs. For instance, increases in levels of histone acetylation seem to protect kidneys from AKI and promote kidney repair. AKI is also associated with changes in genome-wide and gene-specific DNA methylation; however, the role and regulation of DNA methylation in kidney injury and repair remains largely elusive. MicroRNAs have been studied quite extensively in AKI, and a plethora of specific microRNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AKI. Emerging research suggests potential for microRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers of AKI. Further investigation into these epigenetic mechanisms will not only generate novel insights into the mechanisms of AKI and kidney repair but also might lead to new strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyuan Guo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Guie Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xinling Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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50
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