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Vasiliu O. Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Toludesvenlafaxine for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder-A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:411. [PMID: 36986510 PMCID: PMC10051807 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The estimated rate of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) remains higher than 30%, even after the discovery of multiple classes of antidepressants in the last 7 decades. Toludesvenlafaxine (ansofaxine, LY03005, or LPM570065) is a first-in-class triple monoaminergic reuptake inhibitor (TRI) that has reached clinical use. The objective of this narrative review was to summarize clinical and preclinical evidence about the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of toludesvenlafaxine. Based on the results of 17 reports retrieved in the literature, the safety and tolerability profiles of toludesvenlafaxine were good in all clinical trials, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were well described in the phase 1 trials. The efficacy of toludesvenlafaxine was demonstrated in one phase 2 and one phase 3 trial, both on primary and secondary outcomes. In conclusion, this review highlights the favorable clinical results of toludesvenlafaxine in only two short-term trials that enrolled patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) (efficacy and tolerability were good for up to eight weeks), indicating the need for more good quality, larger-sample, and longer-term trials. Exploring new antidepressants, such as TRI, can be considered a priority for clinical research due to the high rates of TRD, but also due to the significant percentages of relapse in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavian Vasiliu
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Carol Davila University Emergency Central Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Rodríguez-Lavado J, Alarcón-Espósito J, Mallea M, Lorente A. A new paradigm shift in antidepressant therapy? From dual-action to multitarget-directed ligands. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4896-4922. [PMID: 35301942 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220317121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder is a chronic, recurring, and potentially fatal disease affecting up to 20% of the global population. Since the monoamine hypothesis was proposed more than 60 years ago, only a few relevant advances have been achieved, with very little disease course changing, from a pharmacological perspective. Moreover, since negative efficacy studies with novel molecules are frequent, many pharmaceutical companies have put new studies on hold. Fortunately, relevant clinical studies are currently being performed, and extensive striving is being developed by universities, research centers, and other public and private institutions. Depression is no longer considered a simple disease but a multifactorial one. New research fields are emerging in what could be a paradigm shift: the multitarget approach beyond monoamines. In this review, we summarize the present and the past of antidepressant drug discovery, with the aim to shed some light on the current state of the art in clinical and preclinical advances to face this increasingly devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Rodríguez-Lavado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jazmín Alarcón-Espósito
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Mallea
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Lorente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
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3
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Zhu H, Wang W, Sha C, Guo W, Li C, Zhao F, Wang H, Jiang W, Tian J. Pharmacological Characterization of Toludesvenlafaxine as a Triple Reuptake Inhibitor. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:741794. [PMID: 34594228 PMCID: PMC8476831 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.741794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toludesvenlafaxine hydrochloride dihydrate is a novel chemical entity and a potential triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor. This study characterized the in vitro triple reuptake inhibition activity, antidepressant-like activity in animals, and pharmacokinetic profiles in rats of toludesvenlafaxine. Binding affinity was determined using human serotonin transporter (SERT) protein, norepinephrine transporter (NET) protein and dopamine transporter (DAT) protein, and the reuptake inhibition was determined using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human SERT, NET and DAT. The antidepressant-like activity was examined in rat chronic unpredictable mild stress model and olfactory bulbectomized model. In rats, the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. Toludesvenlafaxine had high binding affinity on SERT, NET and DAT, and significantly inhibited the reuptake of serotonin (IC50 = 31.4 ± 0.4 nM), norepinephrine (IC50 = 586.7 ± 83.6 nM) and dopamine (IC50 = 733.2 ± 10.3 nM) in vitro. Toludesvenlafaxine demonstrated significant antidepressant-like effects in rat models at 8-16 mg/kg. In addition, toludesvenlafaxine significantly reduced serum corticosterone and significantly increased testosterone levels in rats. Toludesvenlafaxine was quickly absorbed and converted to O-desvenlafaxine (ODV) after oral administration, both of which were selectively distributed into the hypothalamus with high concentration. Plasma ODV exposure was proportionally related to the doses after oral dosing. These results suggest that toludesvenlafaxine is a triple reuptake inhibitor with relatively fast-acting antidepressant-like activity and good therapeutic profile including improvement of anhedonia and sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunjie Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, R&D of Luye Pharmaceutical Group, Yantai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Fengjuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, R&D of Luye Pharmaceutical Group, Yantai, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wanglin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, R&D of Luye Pharmaceutical Group, Yantai, China
| | - Jingwei Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, R&D of Luye Pharmaceutical Group, Yantai, China
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4
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UPLC-MS/MS-based profiling of 31 neurochemicals in the mouse brain after treatment with the antidepressant nefazodone. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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5
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Shcherbakov NV, Dar'in DV, Kukushkin VY, Dubovtsev AY. Gold-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer from Benzofuroxans to N-Allylynamides: Synthesis of 3-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12964-12972. [PMID: 34472847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The gold-catalyzed reaction between benzofuroxans, functioning as nitrene transfer reagents, and N-allylynamides leads to 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-imines. This highly selective annulation proceeds smoothly under mild conditions (5 mol % Ph3PAuNTf2, PhCl, 60 °C) and exhibits high functional group tolerance (21 examples, ≤96% yields). The obtained cyclopropanated products represent a useful synthetic platform with an easily modulated substitution pattern as illustrated by their postmodifications. Intramolecular cyclopropanation of gold α-imino carbene intermediates is suggested as a key step of the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay V Shcherbakov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry V Dar'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Yu Dubovtsev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Ortore G, Orlandini E, Betti L, Giannaccini G, Mazzoni MR, Camodeca C, Nencetti S. Focus on Human Monoamine Transporter Selectivity. New Human DAT and NET Models, Experimental Validation, and SERT Affinity Exploration. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3214-3232. [PMID: 32991141 PMCID: PMC8015229 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
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The most commonly used antidepressant
drugs are the serotonin transporter
inhibitors. Their effects depend strongly on the selectivity for a
single monoamine transporter compared to other amine transporters
or receptors, and the selectivity is roughly influenced by the spatial
protein structure. Here, we provide a computational study on three
human monoamine transporters, i.e., DAT, NET, and SERT. Starting from
the construction of hDAT and hNET models, whose three-dimensional
structure is unknown, and the prediction of the binding pose for 19
known inhibitors, 3D-QSAR models of three human transporters were
built. The training set variability, which was high in structure and
activity profile, was validated using a set of in-house compounds.
Results concern more than one aspect. First of all, hDAT and hNET
three-dimensional structures were built, validated, and compared to
the hSERT one; second, the computational study highlighted the differences
in binding site arrangement statistically correlated to inhibitor
selectivity; third, the profiling of new inhibitors pointed out a
conservation of the inhibitory activity trend between rabbit and human
SERT with a difference of about 1 order of magnitude; fourth, binding
and functional studies confirmed 4-(benzyloxy)-4-phenylpiperidine 20a–d and 21a–d as potent SERT
inhibitors. In particular, one of the compounds (compound 20b) revealed a higher affinity for SERT than paroxetine in human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Ortore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, Pisa 56122, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53-55, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Betti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gino Giannaccini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Mazzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Camodeca
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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7
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Xue W, Fu T, Zheng G, Tu G, Zhang Y, Yang F, Tao L, Yao L, Zhu F. Recent Advances and Challenges of the Drugs Acting on Monoamine Transporters. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3830-3876. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181009123218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background:
The human Monoamine Transporters (hMATs), primarily including hSERT,
hNET and hDAT, are important targets for the treatment of depression and other behavioral disorders
with more than the availability of 30 approved drugs.
Objective:
This paper is to review the recent progress in the binding mode and inhibitory mechanism of
hMATs inhibitors with the central or allosteric binding sites, for the benefit of future hMATs inhibitor
design and discovery. The Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) and the selectivity for hit/lead compounds
to hMATs that are evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments will be highlighted.
Methods:
PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for protein-ligand interaction, novel
inhibitors design and synthesis studies related to hMATs.
Results:
Literature data indicate that since the first crystal structure determinations of the homologous
bacterial Leucine Transporter (LeuT) complexed with clomipramine, a sizable database of over 100 experimental
structures or computational models has been accumulated that now defines a substantial degree
of structural variability hMATs-ligands recognition. In the meanwhile, a number of novel hMATs
inhibitors have been discovered by medicinal chemistry with significant help from computational models.
Conclusion:
The reported new compounds act on hMATs as well as the structures of the transporters
complexed with diverse ligands by either experiment or computational modeling have shed light on the
poly-pharmacology, multimodal and allosteric regulation of the drugs to transporters. All of the studies
will greatly promote the Structure-Based Drug Design (SBDD) of structurally novel scaffolds with high
activity and selectivity for hMATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xue
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Guoxun Zheng
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gao Tu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Lixia Yao
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Feng Zhu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Koprdova R, Csatlosova K, Durisova B, Bogi E, Majekova M, Dremencov E, Mach M. Electrophysiology and Behavioral Assessment of the New Molecule SMe1EC2M3 as a Representative of the Future Class of Triple Reuptake Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234218. [PMID: 31757051 PMCID: PMC6930491 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SMe1EC2M3 is a pyridoindole derivative related to the neuroleptic drug carbidine. Based on the structural similarities of SMe1EC2M3 and known serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitors, we hypothesized that this compound may also have triple reuptake inhibition efficacy and an antidepressant-like effect. PreADMET and Dragon software was used for in silico prediction of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SMe1EC2M3. Forced swim test was used to evaluate its antidepressant-like effects. Extracellular in vivo electrophysiology was used to assess 5-HT, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibition efficacy of SMe1EC2M3. PreADMET predicted reasonable intestinal absorption, plasma protein binding, and blood-brain permeability for SMe1EC2M3. Dragon forecasted its efficiency as an antidepressant. Using behavioral measurements, it was found that SMe1EC2M3 decreased immobility time and increase swimming time during the forced swim test (FST). Electrophysiological investigations showed that SMe1EC2M3 dose-dependently suppressed the excitability of 5-HT neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), norepinephrine neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC), and dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The SMe1EC2M3-induced suppression of 5-HT, norepinephrine, and dopamine neurons was reversed by the antagonists of serotonin-1A (5-HT1A; WAY100135), α-2 adrenergic (α2, yohimbine), and dopamine-2 receptors (D2, haloperidol), respectively. We conclude that SMe1EC2M3 is prospective triple 5-HT, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitor with antidepressant-like properties, however future studies should be performed to complete the pharmacological profiling of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Koprdova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.K.)
| | - Kristina Csatlosova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.K.)
| | - Barbora Durisova
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eszter Bogi
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.K.)
| | - Magdalena Majekova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.K.)
| | - Eliyahu Dremencov
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mojmir Mach
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-3229-5718
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9
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Park JY, Chae S, Kim CS, Kim YJ, Yi HJ, Han E, Joo Y, Hong S, Yun JW, Kim H, Shin KH. Role of nociceptin/orphanin FQ and nociceptin opioid peptide receptor in depression and antidepressant effects of nociceptin opioid peptide receptor antagonists. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 23:427-448. [PMID: 31680765 PMCID: PMC6819898 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.6.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and its receptor, nociceptin opioid peptide (NOP) receptor, are localized in brain areas implicated in depression including the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, habenula, and monoaminergic nuclei in the brain stem. N/OFQ inhibits neuronal excitability of monoaminergic neurons and monoamine release from their terminals by activation of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channels and inhibition of voltage sensitive calcium channels, respectively. Therefore, NOP receptor antagonists have been proposed as a potential antidepressant. Indeed, mounting evidence shows that NOP receptor antagonists have antidepressant-like effects in various preclinical animal models of depression, and recent clinical studies again confirmed the idea that blockade of NOP receptor signaling could provide a novel strategy for the treatment of depression. In this review, we describe the pharmacological effects of N/OFQ in relation to depression and explore the possible mechanism of NOP receptor antagonists as potential antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Suji Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Chang Seop Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eunjoo Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Youngshin Joo
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Surim Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jae Won Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyojung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
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10
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Olivier JDA, Olivier B. Antidepressants and Sexual Dysfunctions: a Translational Perspective. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-019-00205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Kaur N, Verma Y, Grewal P, Bhardwaj P, Devi M. Application of titanium catalysts for the syntheses of heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1606922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Yamini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pooja Grewal
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pranshu Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Meenu Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
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12
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Chu TH, Cummins K, Stys PK. The triple monoamine re-uptake inhibitor DOV 216,303 promotes functional recovery after spinal cord contusion injury in mice. Neurosci Lett 2018; 675:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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14
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Ramos-Hryb AB, Pazini FL, Kaster MP, Rodrigues ALS. Therapeutic Potential of Ursolic Acid to Manage Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Diseases. CNS Drugs 2017; 31:1029-1041. [PMID: 29098660 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-017-0474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in several plants. Despite its initial use as a pharmacologically inactive emulsifier in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries, several biological activities have been reported for this compound so far, including anti-tumoural, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective properties. The biological effects of ursolic acid have been evaluated in vitro, in different cell types and against several toxic insults (i.e. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, amyloid-β peptides, kainic acid and others); in animal models of brain-related disorders (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, depression, traumatic brain injury) and ageing; and in clinical studies with cancer patients and for muscle atrophy. Most of the protective effects of ursolic acid are related to its ability to prevent oxidative damage and excessive inflammation, common mechanisms associated with multiple brain disorders. Additionally, ursolic acid is capable of modulating the monoaminergic system, an effect that might be involved in its ability to prevent mood and cognitive dysfunctions associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions. This review presents and discusses the available evidence of the possible beneficial effects of ursolic acid for the management of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. We also discuss the chemical features, major sources and potential limitations of the use of ursolic acid as a pharmacological treatment for brain-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Ramos-Hryb
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Francis L Pazini
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Manuella P Kaster
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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15
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Paudel S, Min X, Acharya S, Khadka DB, Yoon G, Kim KM, Cheon SH. Triple reuptake inhibitors: Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of benzylpiperidine-tetrazoles. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5278-5289. [PMID: 28807575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine transporters are important targets in the treatment of various central nervous disorders. Several limitations of traditional reuptake inhibitors, like delayed onset of action, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction, have compelled the search for safer, more effective compounds. In this study, we have sought to identify novel monoamine reuptake inhibitors. Based upon the docking study of compounds that we had reported previously, aromatic rings (A1) were modified to generate a novel series of benzylpiperidine-tetrazoles. Thirty-one compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their triple reuptake inhibition of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. Triple reuptake inhibitor, compound 2q, in particular, showed potent serotonin reuptake inhibition, validating our design approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Paudel
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao Min
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Srijan Acharya
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Daulat Bikram Khadka
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hoon Cheon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Subbaiah MAM. Triple Reuptake Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics for Depression and Other Disorders: Design Paradigm and Developmental Challenges. J Med Chem 2017; 61:2133-2165. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A. M. Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra Phase IV, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
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17
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Filatov AS, Knyazev NA, Molchanov AP, Panikorovsky TL, Kostikov RR, Larina AG, Boitsov VM, Stepakov AV. Synthesis of Functionalized 3-Spiro[cyclopropa[a]pyrrolizine]- and 3-Spiro[3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane]oxindoles from Cyclopropenes and Azomethine Ylides via [3 + 2]-Cycloaddition. J Org Chem 2017; 82:959-975. [PMID: 28004934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
3-Spiro[cyclopropa[a]pyrrolizine]- and 3-spiro[3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane]oxindoles were prepared in moderate to high yields via one-pot three-component reactions using substituted isatins, α-amino acids, and cyclopropenes. The key step is an intramolecular [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of an in situ generated azomethine ylide onto a cyclopropene. Both N-substituted and N-unsubstituted α-amino acids, dipeptide Gly-Gly, and also benzylamine were used as the amine component for the azomethine ylide generation. The anticancer activity of some of the obtained compounds against human leukemia K562 cell line was evaluated by flow cytometry in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Filatov
- Saint-Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Nickolay A Knyazev
- Saint-Petersburg Academic University - Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS , ul. Khlopina 8/3, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation.,Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science , Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander P Molchanov
- Saint-Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Taras L Panikorovsky
- Saint-Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Rafael R Kostikov
- Saint-Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Anna G Larina
- Saint-Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vitali M Boitsov
- Saint-Petersburg Academic University - Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS , ul. Khlopina 8/3, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation.,Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University , ul. L'va Tolstogo 6/8, St. Petersburg 197022, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Stepakov
- Saint-Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.,Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory , ul. Karbysheva 7, St. Petersburg 194021, Russian Federation
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18
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Svob Strac D, Pivac N, Smolders IJ, Fogel WA, De Deurwaerdere P, Di Giovanni G. Monoaminergic Mechanisms in Epilepsy May Offer Innovative Therapeutic Opportunity for Monoaminergic Multi-Target Drugs. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:492. [PMID: 27891070 PMCID: PMC5102907 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of experimental and clinical evidence has strongly suggested that monoamines play an important role in regulating epileptogenesis, seizure susceptibility, convulsions, and comorbid psychiatric disorders commonly seen in people with epilepsy (PWE). However, neither the relative significance of individual monoamines nor their interaction has yet been fully clarified due to the complexity of these neurotransmitter systems. In addition, epilepsy is diverse, with many different seizure types and epilepsy syndromes, and the role played by monoamines may vary from one condition to another. In this review, we will focus on the role of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, histamine, and melatonin in epilepsy. Recent experimental, clinical, and genetic evidence will be reviewed in consideration of the mutual relationship of monoamines with the other putative neurotransmitters. The complexity of epileptic pathogenesis may explain why the currently available drugs, developed according to the classic drug discovery paradigm of "one-molecule-one-target," have turned out to be effective only in a percentage of PWE. Although, no antiepileptic drugs currently target specifically monoaminergic systems, multi-target directed ligands acting on different monoaminergic proteins, present on both neurons and glia cells, may represent a new approach in the management of seizures, and their generation as well as comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic InstituteZagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilse J. Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrussels, Belgium
| | - Wieslawa A. Fogel
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of LodzLodz, Poland
| | | | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of MaltaMsida, Malta
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19
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Sharma H, Santra S, Dutta A. Triple reuptake inhibitors as potential next-generation antidepressants: a new hope? Future Med Chem 2015; 7:2385-406. [PMID: 26619226 PMCID: PMC4976848 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current therapy for depression is less than ideal with remission rates of only 25-35% and a slow onset of action with other associated side effects. The persistence of anhedonia originating from depressed dopaminergic activity is one of the most treatment-resistant symptoms of depression. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs) with potency to block dopamine reuptake in addition to serotonin and norepinephrine transporters should produce higher efficacy. The current review comprehensively describes the development of TRIs and discusses the importance of evaluation of in vivo transporter occupancy of TRIs, which should correlate with efficacy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horrick Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Soumava Santra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Aloke Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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20
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Kimura T, Wada N, Tsuru T, Sampei T, Satoh T. Synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes by insertion of cyclopropylmagnesium carbenoids into an intramolecular C–H bond adjacent to a nitrogen atom. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) only partially respond, and some have no clinically meaningful response, to current widely used antidepressant drugs. Due to the purported role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression, triple-reuptake inhibitors (TRIs) that simultaneously inhibit serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine reuptake could be a useful addition to the armamentarium of treatments for MDD. A TRI should more effectively activate mesolimbic dopamine-related reward-networks, restore positive mood and reduce potent 5-HT reuptake blockade associated "hypodopaminergic" adverse effects of decreased libido, weight gain and "blunting" of emotions. On the other hand, dopaminergic effects raise concern over abuse liability and TRIs may have many of the cardiovascular effects associated with NET inhibition. Several clinical development programs for potential TRI antidepressants have failed to demonstrate significantly greater efficacy than placebo or standard of care. Successful late-stage clinical development of a TRI is more likely if experimental research studies in the target population of depressed patients have demonstrated target engagement that differentially and dose-dependently improves assessments of reward-network dysfunction relative to existing antidepressants. TRI treatment could be individualized on the basis of predictive markers such as the burden of decreased positive mood symptoms and/or neuroimaging evidence of reward network dysfunction. This review focuses on how the next generation of monoamine-based treatments could be efficiently developed to address unmet medical need in MDD.
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22
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Korte SM, Prins J, Krajnc AM, Hendriksen H, Oosting RS, Westphal KG, Korte-Bouws GA, Olivier B. The many different faces of major depression: It is time for personalized medicine. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 753:88-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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23
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Zhang G, Zhang Y, Yang J, Hu M, Zhang Y, Liang X. Altered serous levels of monoamine neurotransmitter metabolites in patients with refractory and non-refractory depression. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1113-8. [PMID: 25722703 PMCID: PMC4340026 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.14.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study examined plasma metabolite changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and non-TRD before and after therapy. All 30 TRD and 30 non-TRD patients met the diagnostic criteria for a depressive episode in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. Before treatment, and at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after treatment, the plasma metabolite products of monoamine neurotransmitters in TRD group, including 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl ethylene glycol and homovanillic acid, were significantly lower than those in the non-TRD group. After two types of anti-depressive therapy with 5-serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, combined with psychotherapy, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were significantly reduced in both groups of patients, and the serous levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl ethylene glycol were significantly increased. In contrast, the homovanillic acid level exhibited no significant change. The levels of plasma metabolite products of peripheral monoamine neurotransmitters in depressive patients may predict the degree of depression and the therapeutic effects of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jianxia Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation and Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yueqi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xia Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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24
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Santra S, Sharma H, Vedachalam S, Antonio T, Reith M, Dutta A. Development of potent dopamine-norepinephrine uptake inhibitors (DNRIs) based on a (2S,4R,5R)-2-benzhydryl-5-((4-methoxybenzyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol molecular template. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 23:821-8. [PMID: 25593099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Current therapy of depression is less than ideal with remission rates of only 25-35% and response rates of 45-60%. It has been hypothesized that a dysfunctional dopaminergic system in the mesocorticolimbic pathway in depressive disorder may lead to development of anhedonia associated with loss of pleasure and interest along with loss of motivation. The current antidepressants do not address dopamine dysfunction which might explain their low efficacy. In this report, we have described an SAR study on our pyran-based triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs) which are being investigated as the next-generation antidepressants. In the present work we demonstrate that our lead TRIs can be modified with appropriate aromatic substitutions to display a highly potent SSRI profile for compounds 2a and 4a (Ki (SERT); 0.71 and 2.68nM, respectively) or a potent DNRI profile for compounds 6b and 6h (Ki (DAT/NET); 8.94/4.76 and 13/7.37nM, respectively). Compounds 4g-4i exhibited potencies at all three monoamine transporters. The results provide insights into the structural requirements for developing selective dual- and triple-uptake inhibitors from a unique pyran molecular template for an effective management of depression and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumava Santra
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Horrick Sharma
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Seenuvasan Vedachalam
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Tamara Antonio
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Maarten Reith
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY 10016, United States; New York University, Department of Pharmacology, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Aloke Dutta
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
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25
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Dutta AK, Santra S, Sharma H, Voshavar C, Xu L, Mabrouk O, Antonio T, Reith MEA. Pharmacological and behavioral characterization of D-473, an orally active triple reuptake inhibitor targeting dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine transporters. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113420. [PMID: 25427177 PMCID: PMC4245125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disease affecting a wide cross section of people around the world. The current therapy for depression is less than adequate and there is a considerable unmet need for more efficacious treatment. Dopamine has been shown to play a significant role in depression including production of anhedonia which has been one of the untreated symptoms in MDD. It has been hypothesized that drugs acting at all three monoamine transporters including dopamine transporter should provide more efficacious antidepressants activity. This has led to the development of triple reuptake inhibitor D-473 which is a novel pyran based molecule and interacts with all three monoamine transporters. The monoamine uptake inhibition activity in the cloned human transporters expressed in HEK-293 cells (70.4, 9.18 and 39.7 for DAT, SERT and NET, respectively) indicates a serotonin preferring triple reuptake inhibition profile for this drug. The drug D-473 exhibited good brain penetration and produced efficacious activity in rat forced swim test under oral administration. The optimal efficacy dose did not produce any locomotor activation. Microdialysis experiment demonstrated that systemic administration of D-473 elevated extracellular level of the three monoamines DA, 5-HT, and NE efficaciously in the dorsal lateral striatum (DLS) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) area, indicating in vivo blockade of all three monoamine transporters by D-473. Thus, the current biological data from D-473 indicate potent antidepressant activity of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloke K. Dutta
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Detroit, MI, United States
- * E-mail:
| | - Soumava Santra
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Horrick Sharma
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Liping Xu
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Omar Mabrouk
- University of Michigan, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Tamara Antonio
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maarten E. A. Reith
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States
- New York University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York, NY, United States
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26
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Caldarone BJ, Zachariou V, King SL. Rodent models of treatment-resistant depression. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 753:51-65. [PMID: 25460020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is a prevalent and debilitating disorder and a substantial proportion of patients fail to reach remission following standard antidepressant pharmacological treatment. Limited efficacy with currently available antidepressant drugs highlights the need to develop more effective medications for treatment- resistant patients and emphasizes the importance of developing better preclinical models that focus on treatment- resistant populations. This review discusses methods to adapt and refine rodent behavioral models that are predictive of antidepressant efficacy to identify populations that show reduced responsiveness or are resistant to traditional antidepressants. Methods include separating antidepressant responders from non-responders, administering treatments that render animals resistant to traditional pharmacological treatments, and identifying genetic models that show antidepressant resistance. This review also examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments regimes that have been effective in refractory patients and how some of these approaches have been used to validate animal models of treatment-resistant depression. The goals in developing rodent models of treatment-resistant depression are to understand the neurobiological mechanisms involved in antidepressant resistance and to develop valid models to test novel therapies that would be effective in patients that do not respond to traditional monoaminergic antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Caldarone
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and NeuroBehavior Laboratory, Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Venetia Zachariou
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sarah L King
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, UK
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27
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Weng Z, Zheng Y, Li J. Synthesis, Antidepressant Activity, and Toxicity of the Erythro/Threo Racemates and Optical Isomers of 2-(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(5-chloro-6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)hexan-1-ol. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 85:454-60. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Weng
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan RD Shanghai 200240 China
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry; 1111 North Zhongshan No. 1 Road Shanghai 200437 China
| | - Yongyong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry; 1111 North Zhongshan No. 1 Road Shanghai 200437 China
| | - Jianqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry; 1111 North Zhongshan No. 1 Road Shanghai 200437 China
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28
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Moraga-Amaro R, Gonzalez H, Pacheco R, Stehberg J. Dopamine receptor D3 deficiency results in chronic depression and anxiety. Behav Brain Res 2014; 274:186-93. [PMID: 25110304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade accumulating evidence suggests that brain dopamine (DA) has a role in depression, particularly given the high comorbidity of depression with Parkinson's Disease (PD) and the antidepressant effects of the DA receptor subtype 3 (D3R) agonist pramipexole. The present study assesses the role of D3R in depression. Here we hypothesized that D3R mediates the antidepressant effects of DA. Thus, genetic deficiency of D3R in D3R knockout (D3RKO) mice would yield animals with chronic depressive symptoms. Whereas D3R deficient mice did not show significant alterations in locomotion when tested in the openfield, these animals showed anxiety-like symptoms measured as a significant increase in thigmotaxis at the openfield and a significantly lower time spent in the lit compartment at the light/dark exploration test. D3RKO animals also showed depressive-like symptoms as measured by increased immobility time in the Porsolt forced swim test and the tail suspension test, as well as anhedonia measured in the non-motor dependent sucrose test. In conclusion, D3R deficiency results in anxiety-like and depressive-like symptoms that cannot be attributed to motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Gonzalez
- Laboratorio of Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa (7780272), Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio of Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa (7780272), Santiago, Chile; Programa de Biomedicina, Universidad San Sebastián, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa (7780272), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jimmy Stehberg
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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29
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Yun J, Han M, Song C, Cheon SH, Choi K, Hahn HG. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-phenethylazetidine derivatives as triple reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3234-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Design, synthesis, and biological activities of 1-aryl-1,4-diazepan-2-one derivatives as novel triple reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3898-902. [PMID: 25017029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of triple reuptake inhibitors were explored by ligand-based drug design. A cyclic structure was designed from cyclopropane derivative 5 using the core structure of reported monoamine reuptake inhibitors, leading to the formation of the 1-aryl-1,4-diazepan-2-one derivative 23j-S. Compound 23j-S was shown to act as a potent TRI with an excellent ADME-Tox profile. Oral administration of 23j-S significantly enhanced norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin levels in the mouse prefrontal cortex and showed significant antidepressant-like activity in tail suspension tests in mouse.
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31
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Zhang R, Li X, Shi Y, Shao Y, Sun K, Wang A, Sun F, Liu W, Wang D, Jin J, Li Y. The effects of LPM570065, a novel triple reuptake inhibitor, on extracellular serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine levels in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91775. [PMID: 24614602 PMCID: PMC3948889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs) are currently being developed as a new class of promising antidepressants that block serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) transporters, thereby increasing extracellular monoamine concentrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of LPM570065, a novel TRI and a desvenlafaxine prodrug, on extracellular 5-HT, DA and NE levels in the rat striatum after acute and chronic administration relative to desvenlafaxine, using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and microdialysis. Acute administration was performed by providing rodents with oral solutions (0.06 mmol·kg(-1) p.o.), oral suspensions (0.06 mmol·kg(-1) p.o.) and intravenous solutions (0.04 mmol·kg(-1) i.v.) of LPM570065 and desvenlafaxine. Oral suspensions (0.06 mmol·kg(-1)·day(-1)) of the two drugs were also administered for a 14-day chronic period. HPLC analysis revealed that LPM570065 rapidly penetrated the rat striatum, converted into desvenlafaxine and exhibited larger total exposure compared with the administration of desvenlafaxine. Microdialysis revealed that acute and chronic administration of oral suspension of LPM570065 increased the 5-HT, DA and NE levels more than the relative administration of desvenlafaxine. Unlike desvenlafaxine, acute administration of an intravenous LPM570065 solution did not induce the undesirable 90% decrease in extracellular 5-HT levels. In contrast to the fully dose-dependent elevation of 5-HT induced by desvenlafaxine, the acute administration of LPM570065 showed a capped increase in extracellular 5-HT levels when combined with WAY-100635. Additionally, forced swim test demonstrated that acute and chronic administration of LPM570065 reduced the immobility time more than the relative administration of desvenlafaxine. These data suggest that LPM570065 may have greater efficacy and/or a more rapid onset of antidepressant action than desvenlafaxine and also counterbalance the harmful effects of desvenlafaxine on 5-HT neurotransmission related to 5-HT1A autoreceptors. Thus, this new class of drugs, TRIs has the potential to provide a new therapeutic mechanism for treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yufeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fengying Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wanhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jingji Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- * E-mail: (YL); (JJ)
| | - Youxin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- * E-mail: (YL); (JJ)
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van Heesch F, Prins J, Konsman JP, Korte-Bouws GAH, Westphal KGC, Rybka J, Olivier B, Kraneveld AD, Korte SM. Lipopolysaccharide increases degradation of central monoamines: an in vivo microdialysis study in the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex of mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 725:55-63. [PMID: 24444442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rodents induces anhedonia, i.e. the inability to experience pleasure. Recently, we reported that serotonin transporter (SERT) function is required for LPS-induced anhedonia. Less is known about the effect of LPS on the biological activity of dopamine transporters (DAT) and norepinephrine transporters (NET). Therefore, in vivo microdialysis was performed in the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex of C57BL6/J mice exposed to saline or LPS (133 µg/kg i.p.). To investigate the possible involvement of different monoamine transporters, the triple reuptake inhibitor DOV 216,303 or saline was i.p. injected 30 min before the saline/LPS injection. The dose of LPS, shown to decrease responding for brain stimulation reward in mice, significantly increased extracellular levels of monoamine metabolites (5-HIAA, DOPAC and HVA) in the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex. Remarkably, DOV 216,303 abolished LPS-induced DOPAC and HVA formation in the nucleus accumbens, suggesting that LPS increases DAT activity in this brain area. DOV 216,303 also inhibited LPS-induced DOPAC and HVA formation in the medial prefrontal cortex. Since DAT density is very low in this brain structure, reuptake of DA predominantly takes place via NET, suggesting that LPS increases DAT and NET activity in the medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, DOV 216,303 pretreatment prevented LPS-induced 5-HIAA formation only in the medial prefrontal cortex, indicating that LPS increases prefrontal SERT activity. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that peripheral LPS increases DAT activity in the nucleus accumbens and increases NET and SERT activity in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floor van Heesch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jolanda Prins
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Pieter Konsman
- Psychoneuroimmmunology, Nutrition and Genetics, Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gerdien A H Korte-Bouws
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen G C Westphal
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Rybka
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Berend Olivier
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Mechiel Korte
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Sørensen G, Husum H, Brennum LT, Bundgaard C, Montezinho LCP, Mørk A, Wörtwein G, Woldbye DPD. Addiction-Related Effects of DOV 216,303 and Cocaine: A Comparative Study in the Mouse. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 114:451-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Sørensen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology; Rigshospitalet University Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Arne Mørk
- Synaptic Transmission; H. Lundbeck A/S; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Gitta Wörtwein
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology; Rigshospitalet University Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - David P. D. Woldbye
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Chopra K, Arora V. An intricate relationship between pain and depression: clinical correlates, coactivation factors and therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2013; 18:159-76. [PMID: 24295272 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.855720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An apparent clinical relationship between pain and depression has long been recognized, which makes an enormous impact on the individual health care. At present, the practical implication of such overlapping symptomatology between pain and depression is not clear, but the prevalence estimates for depression are substantially inflated among patients with chronic pain and vice versa. This interaction has been labeled as the depression-pain syndrome or depression-pain dyad. AREAS COVERED This article discusses the neurobiological substrates and neuroanatomical pathways involved in pain-depression dyad along with newer therapeutic targets. EXPERT OPINION Several key themes emerged from our review of the relationship between depression and pain. First, the diagnosis of depression in pain or vice versa is particularly challenging, and the development of better diagnostic framework that involves both pain and depression is particularly required. Secondly, the entwined relationship between pain and depression supports the possibility of common coactivating factors that results in their neurophysiological overlap. A broad understanding of the role played by the central nervous system (CNS) in the processing of pain and depression may eventually lead to the introduction of triple reuptake inhibitors, agomelatine, vilazodone and ketamine with novel mechanism of action, hence appear to be of promising potential for pain with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwaljit Chopra
- Panjab University, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Pharmacology Research Laboratory , Chandigarh-160 014 , India +91 172 2534105 ; +91 172 2541142 ;
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Shao L, Li W, Xie Q, Yin H. Triple reuptake inhibitors: a patent review (2006 – 2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 24:131-54. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.859676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Sharma H, Santra S, Debnath J, Antonio T, Reith M, Dutta A. Flexible and biomimetic analogs of triple uptake inhibitor 4-((((3S,6S)-6-benzhydryltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)amino)methyl)phenol: Synthesis, biological characterization, and development of a pharmacophore model. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 22:311-24. [PMID: 24315194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study we have generated a pharmacophore model of triple uptake inhibitor compounds based on novel asymmetric pyran derivatives and the newly developed asymmetric furan derivatives. The model revealed features important for inhibitors to exhibit a balanced activity against dopamine transporter (DAT), serotonin transporter (SERT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET). In particular, a 'folded' conformation was found common to the active pyran compounds in the training set and was crucial to triple uptake inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the distances between the benzhydryl moiety and the N-benzyl group as well as the orientation of the secondary nitrogen were also important for TUI activity. We have validated our findings by synthesizing and testing novel asymmetric pyran analogs. The present work has also resulted in the discovery of a new series of asymmetric tetrahydrofuran derivatives as novel TUIs. Lead compounds 41 and 42 exhibited moderate TUI activity. Interestingly, the highest TUI activity by lead tetrahydrofuran compounds for example, 41 and 42, was exhibited in a stereochemical preference similar to pyran TUI for example, D-161.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horrick Sharma
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Soumava Santra
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Joy Debnath
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Tamara Antonio
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Maarten Reith
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY 10016, United States; New York University, Department of Pharmacology, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Aloke Dutta
- Wayne State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rm# 3128, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
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Bijlsma EY, Chan JSW, Olivier B, Veening JG, Millan MJ, Waldinger MD, Oosting RS. Sexual side effects of serotonergic antidepressants: mediated by inhibition of serotonin on central dopamine release? Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2013; 121:88-101. [PMID: 24128918 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction adversely affects the quality of life of antidepressant users and reduces compliance with treatment. Animal models provide an instructive approach for examining potential sexual side effects of novel drugs. This review discusses the stability and reproducibility of our standardized test procedure that assesses the acute, subchronic and chronic effects of psychoactive compounds in a 30 minute mating test. In addition, we present an overview of the effects of several different (putative) antidepressants on male rat sexual behavior, as tested in our standardized test procedure. By comparing the effects of these mechanistically distinct antidepressants (paroxetine, venlafaxine, bupropion, buspirone, DOV 216,303 and S32006), this review discusses the putative mechanism underlying sexual side effects of antidepressants and their normalization. This review shows that sexual behavior is mainly inhibited by antidepressants that increase serotonin neurotransmission via blockade of serotonin transporters, while those that mainly increase the levels of dopamine and noradrenaline are devoid of sexual side effects. Those sexual disturbances cannot be normalized by simultaneously increasing noradrenaline neurotransmission, but are normalized by increasing both noradrenaline and dopamine neurotransmission. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the sexual side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be mediated by their inhibitory effects on dopamine signaling in sex brain circuits. Clinical development of novel antidepressants should therefore focus on compounds that simultaneously increase both serotonin and dopamine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Y Bijlsma
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CGUtrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johnny S W Chan
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CGUtrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Berend Olivier
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CGUtrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan G Veening
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CGUtrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark J Millan
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Psychopharmacology Department, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Marcel D Waldinger
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CGUtrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald S Oosting
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CGUtrecht, The Netherlands
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Park JE, Song C, Choi K, Sim T, Moon B, Roh EJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 3,4-diaryl lactam derivatives as triple reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5515-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Novel triple reuptake inhibitors with low risk of CAD associated liabilities: Design, synthesis and biological activities of 4-[(1S)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-methoxyethyl]piperidine and related compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4600-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Effective treatment with antidepressants is currently limited by factors that affect treatment compliance, including delay in onset of therapeutic effects and intolerable side-effects. Recent data suggest that use of antidepressant combinations with different mechanisms of action may be a better first-line strategy prior to augmentation with other drug classes. The rationale for this approach is that combining multiple pharmacological actions affecting multiple monoamine targets produces greater efficacy. Several new multi-modal compounds are in development and early results for the most advanced agents indicate shorter onset of therapeutic effects and improved tolerability. By modulating multiple receptors and transmitter systems, it is hoped that these new agents may also treat some of the associated symptoms of major depressive disorder, such as anxiety and cognitive dysfunction.
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41
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The rapid recovery of 5-HT cell firing induced by the antidepressant vortioxetine involves 5-HT(3) receptor antagonism. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 16:1115-27. [PMID: 23089374 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145712001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of current antidepressant drugs appears after several weeks of treatment and a significant number of patients do not respond to treatment. Here, we report the effects of the multi-modal antidepressant vortioxetine (Lu AA21004), a 5-HT(3) and 5-HT(7) receptor antagonist, 5-HT(1B) receptor partial agonist, 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist and 5-HT transporter (SERT) inhibitor, on rat 5-HT neurotransmission. Using in vivo electrophysiological recordings in the dorsal raphe nucleus of anaesthetized rats, we assessed the acute and subchronic effects of vortioxetine and/or the selective 5-HT(3) receptor agonist, SR57227 or the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist flesinoxan, on 5-HT neuronal firing activity. Using ex-vivo autoradiography, we correlated SERT occupancy and presumed 5-HT firing activity. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, was used as comparator. Importantly, the recovery of 5-HT neuronal firing was achieved after 1 d with vortioxetine and 14 d with fluoxetine. SR57227 delayed this recovery. In contrast, vortioxetine failed to alter the reducing action of 3 d treatment of flesinoxan. Acute dosing of vortioxetine inhibited neuronal firing activity more potently than fluoxetine. SR57227 prevented the suppressant effect of vortioxetine, but not of fluoxetine. In contrast, flesinoxan failed to modify the suppressant effect of vortioxetine acutely administered. Differently to fluoxetine, vortioxetine suppressed neuronal firing without saturating occupancy at the SERT. Vortioxetine produced a markedly faster recovery of 5-HT neuronal firing than fluoxetine. This is at least partly due to 5-HT(3) receptor antagonism of vortioxetine in association with its reduced SERT occupancy.
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42
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Zajdel P, Masurier N, Canale V, Verdie P, Amblard M, Pawłowski M, Martinez J, Subra G. The pipecolic linker—an acid-labile handle for derivatization of secondary amines on a solid-support. Part 3. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hensler JG, Artigas F, Bortolozzi A, Daws LC, De Deurwaerdère P, Milan L, Navailles S, Koek W. Catecholamine/Serotonin interactions: systems thinking for brain function and disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2013; 68:167-97. [PMID: 24054145 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411512-5.00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This chapter brings together the work of several leading laboratories, each an outstanding example of integrative approaches to complex diseases of the central nervous system. Cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia are believed to result from hypofunction of the mesocortical dopaminergic projections to prefrontal cortex (PFC). Noradrenergic targets for the augmentation of dopaminergic function in PFC show promise to improve cognitive deficits as well as negative symptoms. Serotonergic targets for the modulation of mesocortical dopaminergic neurotransmission include 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors. The hallmark of Parkinson's disease is the destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. l-DOPA, a metabolic precursor of dopamine, is the standard of treatment. However, the ectopic release of dopamine (DA) from serotonin neurons and the clearance of extracellular DA by the norepinephrine transporter in areas enriched with noradrenergic terminals contribute to extracellular DA produced by l-DOPA and offer opportunities to improve l-DOPA therapy. The high-affinity transporters for monoamines are the primary targets for antidepressant drugs. However, many patients experience suboptimal therapeutic benefit or fail to respond to treatment. Organic cation transporters and plasma membrane monoamine transporter serve an important function in regulating monoamine neurotransmission and hold potential utility as targets for the development of therapeutic drugs. Improved therapeutic approaches will arise from not only understanding how monoamines influence one another within the central nervous system as an integrated whole but also addressing the pathophysiology of specific core symptoms or distinct syndromal dimensions (cognitive impairment, motor slowing, and negative affect) regardless of disease classification, for example, psychotic, affective, and neurodegenerative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie G Hensler
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
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44
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Santra S, Gogoi S, Gopishetty B, Antonio T, Zhen J, Reith MEA, Dutta AK. Structural exploration of (3S,6S)-6-benzhydryl-N-benzyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-amine analogues: identification of potent triple monoamine reuptake inhibitors as potential antidepressants. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:2093-100. [PMID: 23060293 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To further explore the basic structural motifs (3S,6S)-6-benzhydryl-N-benzyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-amine and (2S,4R,5R)-2-benzhydryl-5-(benzylamino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol, developed by our research group, for monoamine transport inhibition, we designed and synthesized various structurally altered analogues. The new compounds were tested for their affinities for the dopamine transporter (DAT), the serotonin transporter (SERT), and the norepinephrine transporter (NET) in rat brain by measuring their capacity to inhibit the uptake of [(3)H]DA, [(3)H]5-HT, and [(3)H]NE, respectively. Our results point to novel compounds with a TUI, DNRI, SNRI, or SSRI profile. Among the TUIs, compound 2 g exhibited a balanced potency for all three monoamine transporters (K(i): 60, 79, and 70.3 nM for DAT, SERT, and NET, respectively). In the rat forced swim test, compound 2 g produced a significant decrease in immobility in drug-treated rats relative to vehicle, indicating a potential antidepressant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumava Santra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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45
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Prins J, Kenny PJ, Doomernik I, Schreiber R, Olivier B, Mechiel Korte S. The triple reuptake inhibitor DOV 216,303 induces long-lasting enhancement of brain reward activity as measured by intracranial self-stimulation in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 693:51-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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46
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Learned S, Graff O, Roychowdhury S, Moate R, Krishnan KR, Archer G, Modell JG, Alexander R, Zamuner S, Lavergne A, Evoniuk G, Ratti E. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a triple reuptake inhibitor GSK372475 in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder: two randomized, placebo- and active-controlled clinical trials. J Psychopharmacol 2012; 26:653-62. [PMID: 22048884 DOI: 10.1177/0269881111424931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
GSK372475 is a triple reuptake inhibitor with approximately equipotent inhibition of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine transporters. Two randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, double-blind studies examined the efficacy and safety of GSK372475 in outpatients (aged 18-64 years) with a diagnosis of major depressive episode associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to placebo, GSK372475 (1-2 mg/d), or active control (Study 1: venlafaxine XR 150-225 mg/d; Study 2: paroxetine 20-30 mg/d). GSK372475 did not significantly differ from placebo on any of the key efficacy endpoints (six-item Bech scale, IDS-Clinician Rated, MADRS) in either study. Both active controls demonstrated significant antidepressant activity compared with placebo on both primary and secondary endpoints. The most common adverse effects (AEs) with GSK372475 were dry mouth, headache, insomnia, and nausea. AEs were more frequent for GSK372475 versus placebo for sleep, anxiety-related, gastrointestinal, and tachycardia events. Increases in mean change from baseline in heart rate and sitting blood pressure were greater for GSK372475 than observed for either placebo or active control groups. Completion rates were lower for GSK372475 (49%, 58%) compared with placebo (67%, 74%), venlafaxine XR (63%), or paroxetine (77%). GSK372475 was neither efficacious nor well tolerated in patients with MDD in two 10-week studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Learned
- Neurosciences Discovery Medicine, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Zhang DH, Zhang Z, Shi M. Transition metal-catalyzed carbocyclization of nitrogen and oxygen-tethered 1,n-enynes and diynes: synthesis of five or six-membered heterocyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10271-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li X, Frye MA, Shelton RC. Review of pharmacological treatment in mood disorders and future directions for drug development. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37:77-101. [PMID: 21900884 PMCID: PMC3238080 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
After a series of serendipitous discoveries of pharmacological treatments for mania and depression several decades ago, relatively little progress has been made for novel hypothesis-driven drug development in mood disorders. Multifactorial etiologies of, and lack of a full understanding of, the core neurobiology of these conditions clearly have contributed to these development challenges. There are, however, relatively novel targets that have raised opportunities for progress in the field, such as glutamate and cholinergic receptor modulators, circadian regulators, and enzyme inhibitors, for alternative treatment. This review will discuss these promising new treatments in mood disorders, the underlying mechanisms of action, and critical issues of their clinical application. For these new treatments to be successful in clinical practice, it is also important to design innovative clinical trials that identify the specific actions of new drugs, and, ideally, to develop biomarkers for monitoring individualized treatment response. It is predicted that future drug development will identify new agents targeting the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Paterson NE, Balci F, Campbell U, Olivier BE, Hanania T. The triple reuptake inhibitor DOV216,303 exhibits limited antidepressant-like properties in the differential reinforcement of low-rate 72-second responding assay, likely due to dopamine reuptake inhibition. J Psychopharmacol 2011; 25:1357-64. [PMID: 20305042 DOI: 10.1177/0269881110364272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for antidepressants with novel mechanisms of action. One approach has been to develop compounds that inhibit reuptake of all three monoamines in the central nervous system, for example DOV216,303. Differential reinforcement of low-rate (72-s) responding is a behavioral test that is predictive of antidepressant-like properties. The effects of antidepressant compounds belonging to multiple classes, the anxiolytic diazepam and the antipsychotic haloperidol, were assessed in the DRL-72s task. Subsequently, the antidepressant-like properties of acute DOV216,303 were assessed. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluvoxamine, the preferential norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor desipramine and the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine exhibited antidepressant-like properties in the DRL-72s task. The atypical antidepressant bupropion, which inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, and the selective dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909, changed reinforcement and response rates and inter-response time distribution in an opposite direction compared with the antidepressant compounds tested. The antipsychotic haloperidol exhibited antidepressant-like properties by increasing reinforcement rate, but failed to alter inter-response time distribution. Diazepam did not change reinforcement or response rates or inter-response time distribution. The triple reuptake inhibitor DOV216,303 significantly enhanced reinforcement rate at one intermediate dose, but exhibited similar effects as bupropion and GBR12909 on inter-response time distribution. The studies identified limited antidepressant-like properties of the triple reuptake inhibitor DOV216,303, likely due to dopamine transporter inhibition counteracting the effects of norepinephrine and serotonin transporter inhibition.
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Tian JW, Jiang WL, Zhong Y, Meng Q, Gai Y, Zhu HB, Hou J, Xing Y, Li YX. Preclinical pharmacology of TP1, a novel potent triple reuptake inhibitor with antidepressant properties. Neuroscience 2011; 196:124-30. [PMID: 21925241 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs) that block the dopamine transporter (DAT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and serotonin transporter (SERT) are being developed as a new class of antidepressant that may have better efficacy and fewer side effects compared with traditional antidepressants. The purpose of this study was to characterize a new chemical entity, 4-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl] phenyl 4-methoxybenzoate hydrochloride (TP1). TP1 was designed as a prodrug of desvenlafaxine. Competitive radioligand binding assays were performed using cells expressing the human dopamine (DA) transporter (hDAT), the human serotonin (5-HT) transporter (hSERT), and the human norepinephrine (NE) transporter (hNET) with K(i) values for TP1 of 190 nM, 2076 nM, and 1023 nM, respectively. Uptake assays were performed with IC(50) values for TP1 of 712 nM, 521 nM, and 628 nM, respectively. TP1 (0.06 mmol/kg, orally) rapidly penetrated rat brain and hypothalamus, translated into desvenlafaxine within 1 h, and demonstrated higher bioavailability and better pharmacokinetic properties than desvenlafaxine succinate (DVS). TP1 (0.06 mmol/kg, orally) significantly increased extracellular levels of DA, NE, and 5-HT compared with baseline in the rat hypothalamus by microdialysis assay. In dose-response assays, oral administration of TP1 reduced the time of immobility in a dose-dependent manner during tail suspension test and forced swimming test (FST). This antidepressant-like effect manifests in the absence of significant increases in motor activity even at doses of up to 32 mg/kg. The ability of TP1 to inhibit the reuptake of three biogenic amines closely linked to the etiology of depression may result in a therapeutic profile different from antidepressants that inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and/or NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery Technologies and School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
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