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Perello-March J, Burns CG, Woodman R, Birrell S, Elliott MT. How Do Drivers Perceive Risks During Automated Driving Scenarios? An fNIRS Neuroimaging Study. HUMAN FACTORS 2024; 66:2244-2263. [PMID: 37357740 PMCID: PMC11344369 DOI: 10.1177/00187208231185705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using brain haemodynamic responses to measure perceived risk from traffic complexity during automated driving. BACKGROUND Although well-established during manual driving, the effects of driver risk perception during automated driving remain unknown. The use of fNIRS in this paper for assessing drivers' states posits it could become a novel method for measuring risk perception. METHODS Twenty-three volunteers participated in an empirical driving simulator experiment with automated driving capability. Driving conditions involved suburban and urban scenarios with varying levels of traffic complexity, culminating in an unexpected hazardous event. Perceived risk was measured via fNIRS within the prefrontal cortical haemoglobin oxygenation and from self-reports. RESULTS Prefrontal cortical haemoglobin oxygenation levels significantly increased, following self-reported perceived risk and traffic complexity, particularly during the hazardous scenario. CONCLUSION This paper has demonstrated that fNIRS is a valuable research tool for measuring variations in perceived risk from traffic complexity during highly automated driving. Even though the responsibility over the driving task is delegated to the automated system and dispositional trust is high, drivers perceive moderate risk when traffic complexity builds up gradually, reflected in a corresponding significant increase in blood oxygenation levels, with both subjective (self-reports) and objective (fNIRS) increasing further during the hazardous scenario. APPLICATION Little is known regarding the effects of drivers' risk perception with automated driving. Building upon our experimental findings, future work can use fNIRS to investigate the mental processes for risk assessment and the effects of perceived risk on driving behaviours to promote the safe adoption of automated driving technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Perello-March
- National Transport Design Centre, Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Christopher G Burns
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing (SATM), Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | | | - Stewart Birrell
- National Transport Design Centre, Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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Groulx-Boivin E, Bouchet T, Myers KA. Understanding of Consciousness in Absence Seizures: A Literature Review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:1345-1353. [PMID: 38947367 PMCID: PMC11212660 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s391052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Absence seizures are classically associated with behavioral arrest and transient deficits in consciousness, yet substantial variability exists in the severity of the impairment. Despite several decades of research on the topic, the pathophysiology of absence seizures and the mechanisms underlying behavioral impairment remain unclear. Several rationales have been proposed including widespread cortical deactivation, reduced perception of external stimuli, and transient suspension of the default mode network, among others. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the neural correlates of impaired consciousness in absence seizures. We review evidence from studies using animal models of absence epilepsy, electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, magnetoencephalography, positron emission tomography, and single photon emission computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Groulx-Boivin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tasha Bouchet
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kenneth A Myers
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Caulier-Cisterna R, Appelgren-Gonzáles JP, Oyarzún JE, Valenzuela F, Sitaram R, Eblen-Zajjur A, Uribe S. Comparison of LED- and LASER-based fNIRS technologies to record the human peri‑spinal cord neurovascular response. Med Eng Phys 2024; 127:104170. [PMID: 38692767 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently, functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was applied to obtain, non-invasively, the human peri‑spinal Neuro-Vascular Response (NVR) under a non-noxious electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve. This method allowed the measurements of changes in the concentration of oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) from the peri‑spinal vascular network. However, there is a lack of clarity about the potential differences in perispinal NVR recorded by the different fNIRS technologies currently available. In this work, the two main noninvasive fNIRS technologies were compared, i.e., LED and LASER-based. The recording of the human peri‑spinal NVR induced by non-noxious electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve was recorded simultaneously at C7 and T10 vertebral levels. The amplitude, rise time, and full width at half maximum duration of the perispinal NVRs were characterized in healthy volunteers and compared between both systems. The main difference was that the LED-based system shows about one order of magnitude higher values of amplitude than the LASER-based system. No statistical differences were found for rise time and for duration parameters (at thoracic level). The comparison of point-to-point wave patterns did not show significant differences between both systems. In conclusion, the peri‑spinal NRV response obtained by different fNIRS technologies was reproducible, and only the amplitude showed differences, probably due to the power of the system which should be considered when assessing the human peri‑spinal vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Caulier-Cisterna
- Department of Informatics and Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan-Pablo Appelgren-Gonzáles
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, the Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan-Esteban Oyarzún
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, the Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, iHEALTH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Valenzuela
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, the Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ranganatha Sitaram
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Multimodal Functional Brain Imaging and Neurorehabilitation Hub, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Antonio Eblen-Zajjur
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Uribe
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia.
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Gallagher A, Wallois F, Obrig H. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy in pediatric clinical research: Different pathophysiologies and promising clinical applications. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:023517. [PMID: 36873247 PMCID: PMC9982436 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.2.023517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over its 30 years of existence, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has matured into a highly versatile tool to study brain function in infants and young children. Its advantages, amongst others, include its ease of application and portability, the option to combine it with electrophysiology, and its relatively good tolerance to movement. As shown by the impressive body of fNIRS literature in the field of cognitive developmental neuroscience, the method's strengths become even more relevant for (very) young individuals who suffer from neurological, behavioral, and/or cognitive impairment. Although a number of studies have been conducted with a clinical perspective, fNIRS cannot yet be considered as a truly clinical tool. The first step has been taken in this direction by studies exploring options in populations with well-defined clinical profiles. To foster further progress, here, we review several of these clinical approaches to identify the challenges and perspectives of fNIRS in the field of developmental disorders. We first outline the contributions of fNIRS in selected areas of pediatric clinical research: epilepsy, communicative and language disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. We provide a scoping review as a framework to allow the highlighting of specific and general challenges of using fNIRS in pediatric research. We also discuss potential solutions and perspectives on the broader use of fNIRS in the clinical setting. This may be of use to future research, targeting clinical applications of fNIRS in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gallagher
- CHU Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Université de Montréal, LIONLab, Cerebrum, Department of Psychology, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Inserm U1105, GRAMFC, Amiens, France
| | - Hellmuth Obrig
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Leipzig/Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig, Germany
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Nourhashemi M, Mahmoudzadeh M, Heberle C, Wallois F. Preictal neuronal and vascular activity precedes the onset of childhood absence seizure: direct current potential shifts and their correlation with hemodynamic activity. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:025005. [PMID: 37114185 PMCID: PMC10128878 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.2.025005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE AIMS The neurovascular mechanisms underlying the initiation of absence seizures and their dynamics are still not well understood. The objective of this study was to better noninvasively characterize the dynamics of the neuronal and vascular network at the transition from the interictal state to the ictal state of absence seizures and back to the interictal state using a combined electroencephalography (EEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) approach. The second objective was to develop hypotheses about the neuronal and vascular mechanisms that propel the networks to the 3-Hz spikes and wave discharges (SWDs) observed during absence seizures. APPROACHES We evaluated the simultaneous changes in electrical (neuronal) and optical dynamics [hemodynamic, with changes in (Hb) and cerebral blood flow] of 8 pediatric patients experiencing 25 typical childhood absence seizures during the transition from the interictal state to the absence seizure by simultaneously performing EEG, fNIRS, and DCS. RESULTS Starting from ∼ 20 s before the onset of the SWD, we observed a transient direct current potential shift that correlated with alterations in functional fNIRS and DCS measurements of the cerebral hemodynamics detecting the preictal changes. DISCUSSION Our noninvasive multimodal approach highlights the dynamic interactions between the neuronal and vascular compartments that take place in the neuronal network near the time of the onset of absence seizures in a very specific cerebral hemodynamic environment. These noninvasive approaches contribute to a better understanding of the electrical hemodynamic environment prior to seizure onset. Whether this may ultimately be relevant for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches requires further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Nourhashemi
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Inserm U1105, GRAMFC, CURS, Amiens, France
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Inserm U1105, GRAMFC, CURS, Amiens, France
- Amiens University Hospital, Pediatric Neurophysiology Unit, Amiens, France
| | - Claire Heberle
- Amiens University Hospital, Pediatric Neurophysiology Unit, Amiens, France
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Inserm U1105, GRAMFC, CURS, Amiens, France
- Amiens University Hospital, Pediatric Neurophysiology Unit, Amiens, France
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Martini S, Thewissen L, Austin T, da Costa CS, de Boode WP, Dempsey E, Kooi E, Pellicer A, Rhee CJ, Riera J, Wolf M, Wong F. Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring of neonatal cerebrovascular reactivity: where are we now? Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02574-6. [PMID: 36997690 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular reactivity defines the ability of the cerebral vasculature to regulate its resistance in response to both local and systemic factors to ensure an adequate cerebral blood flow to meet the metabolic demands of the brain. The increasing adoption of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for non-invasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation and perfusion allowed investigation of the mechanisms underlying cerebrovascular reactivity in the neonatal population, confirming important associations with pathological conditions including the development of brain injury and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the current literature on neonatal cerebrovascular reactivity is mainly still based on small, observational studies and is characterised by methodological heterogeneity; this has hindered the routine application of NIRS-based monitoring of cerebrovascular reactivity to identify infants most at risk of brain injury. This review aims (1) to provide an updated review on neonatal cerebrovascular reactivity, assessed using NIRS; (2) to identify critical points that need to be addressed with targeted research; and (3) to propose feasibility trials in order to fill the current knowledge gaps and to possibly develop a preventive or curative approach for preterm brain injury. IMPACT: NIRS monitoring has been largely applied in neonatal research to assess cerebrovascular reactivity in response to blood pressure, PaCO2 and other biochemical or metabolic factors, providing novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cerebral blood flow regulation. Despite these insights, the current literature shows important pitfalls that would benefit to be addressed in a series of targeted trials, proposed in the present review, in order to translate the assessment of cerebrovascular reactivity into routine monitoring in neonatal clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS AOU S. Orsola, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Topun Austin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Willem P de Boode
- Department of Neonatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eugene Dempsey
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, INFANT Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elisabeth Kooi
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adelina Pellicer
- Department of Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher J Rhee
- Section of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joan Riera
- Department of Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Wolf
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flora Wong
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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7
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Ayaz H, Baker WB, Blaney G, Boas DA, Bortfeld H, Brady K, Brake J, Brigadoi S, Buckley EM, Carp SA, Cooper RJ, Cowdrick KR, Culver JP, Dan I, Dehghani H, Devor A, Durduran T, Eggebrecht AT, Emberson LL, Fang Q, Fantini S, Franceschini MA, Fischer JB, Gervain J, Hirsch J, Hong KS, Horstmeyer R, Kainerstorfer JM, Ko TS, Licht DJ, Liebert A, Luke R, Lynch JM, Mesquida J, Mesquita RC, Naseer N, Novi SL, Orihuela-Espina F, O’Sullivan TD, Peterka DS, Pifferi A, Pollonini L, Sassaroli A, Sato JR, Scholkmann F, Spinelli L, Srinivasan VJ, St. Lawrence K, Tachtsidis I, Tong Y, Torricelli A, Urner T, Wabnitz H, Wolf M, Wolf U, Xu S, Yang C, Yodh AG, Yücel MA, Zhou W. Optical imaging and spectroscopy for the study of the human brain: status report. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:S24001. [PMID: 36052058 PMCID: PMC9424749 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.s2.s24001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This report is the second part of a comprehensive two-part series aimed at reviewing an extensive and diverse toolkit of novel methods to explore brain health and function. While the first report focused on neurophotonic tools mostly applicable to animal studies, here, we highlight optical spectroscopy and imaging methods relevant to noninvasive human brain studies. We outline current state-of-the-art technologies and software advances, explore the most recent impact of these technologies on neuroscience and clinical applications, identify the areas where innovation is needed, and provide an outlook for the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ayaz
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Drexel University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Wesley B. Baker
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Giles Blaney
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- Boston University Neurophotonics Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Heather Bortfeld
- University of California, Merced, Departments of Psychological Sciences and Cognitive and Information Sciences, Merced, California, United States
| | - Kenneth Brady
- Lurie Children’s Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Joshua Brake
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, Claremont, California, United States
| | - Sabrina Brigadoi
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Padua, Italy
| | - Erin M. Buckley
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Robert J. Cooper
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, DOT-HUB, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kyle R. Cowdrick
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Joseph P. Culver
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Ippeita Dan
- Chuo University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- University of Birmingham, School of Computer Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Devor
- Boston University, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adam T. Eggebrecht
- Washington University in St. Louis, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Lauren L. Emberson
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Maria Angela Franceschini
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jonas B. Fischer
- ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Gervain
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Padua, Italy
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Paris, France
| | - Joy Hirsch
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Comparative Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- Pusan National University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Qingdao University, School of Automation, Institute for Future, Qingdao, China
| | - Roarke Horstmeyer
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jana M. Kainerstorfer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Carnegie Mellon University, Neuroscience Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Tiffany S. Ko
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Daniel J. Licht
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Adam Liebert
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Luke
- Macquarie University, Department of Linguistics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Macquarie University Hearing, Australia Hearing Hub, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer M. Lynch
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jaume Mesquida
- Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Critical Care Department, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Rickson C. Mesquita
- University of Campinas, Institute of Physics, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Noman Naseer
- Air University, Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sergio L. Novi
- University of Campinas, Institute of Physics, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Western University, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Thomas D. O’Sullivan
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Electrical Engineering, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States
| | - Darcy S. Peterka
- Columbia University, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behaviour Institute, New York, United States
| | | | - Luca Pollonini
- University of Houston, Department of Engineering Technology, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Federal University of ABC, Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- National Research Council (CNR), IFN – Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Milan, Italy
| | - Vivek J. Srinivasan
- University of California Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, California, United States
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, New York, United States
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, New York, New York, United States
| | - Keith St. Lawrence
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western University, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yunjie Tong
- Purdue University, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), IFN – Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Milan, Italy
| | - Tara Urner
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Heidrun Wabnitz
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Wolf
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Wolf
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shiqi Xu
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Changhuei Yang
- California Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- Boston University Neurophotonics Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- University of California Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, California, United States
- China Jiliang University, College of Optical and Electronic Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Broadband-NIRS System Identifies Epileptic Focus in a Child with Focal Cortical Dysplasia—A Case Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030260. [PMID: 35323703 PMCID: PMC8951122 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Epileptic seizures are transiently occurring symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Previous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies during seizures have focused in only monitoring the brain oxygenation and haemodynamic changes. However, few tools are available to measure actual cellular metabolism during seizures, especially at the bedside. Here we use an in-house developed multichannel broadband NIRS (or bNIRS) system, that, alongside the changes in oxy-, deoxy- haemoglobin concentration (HbO2, HHb), also quantifies the changes in oxidised cytochrome-c-oxidase Δ(oxCCO), a marker of cellular oxygen metabolism, simultaneously over 16 different brain locations. We used bNIRS to measure metabolic activity alongside brain tissue haemodynamics/oxygenation during 17 epileptic seizures at the bedside of a 3-year-old girl with seizures due to an extensive malformation of cortical development in the left posterior quadrant. Simultaneously Video-EEG data was recorded from 12 channels. Whilst we did observe the expected increase in brain tissue oxygenation (HbD) during seizures, it was almost diminished in the area of the focal cortical dysplasia. Furthermore, in the area of seizure origination (epileptic focus) ΔoxCCO decreased significantly at the time of seizure generalization when compared to the mean change in all other channels. We hypothesize that this indicates an incapacity to sustain and increase brain tissue metabolism during seizures in the region of the epileptic focus.
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9
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Wakuya M, Inoue T, Imoto H, Maruta Y, Nomura S, Suzuki M, Yamakawa T. Epileptic seizure–related changes in electrocorticogram, cortical temperature, and cerebral hemodynamics obtained via an implantable multimodal multichannel probe during preoperative monitoring: illustrative case. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY: CASE LESSONS 2022; 3:CASE21694. [PMID: 36130540 PMCID: PMC9379634 DOI: 10.3171/case21694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrocorticography (EcoG) plays an essential role in the preoperative evaluation of epilepsy, despite its high invasiveness. Brain temperature and cerebral hemodynamics also reflect brain activity. This study examined whether a multimodal multichannel probe that simultaneously records EcoG, cortical temperature, and cerebral hemodynamics can contribute to improving the assessment of epileptic seizures. After preoperative monitoring was performed in a patient with epilepsy, three generalized seizures and two focal seizures were observed. OBSERVATIONS A short-term power increase in the alternating current spectrogram, high-amplitude slow waves in direct current potential, an increase in cortical temperature, an increase in oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) concentration and total hemoglobin (HbT) concentration, and a decrease in deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) concentration, followed by a decrease in HbO2 and HbT concentrations and an increase in HHb concentration, were observed in generalized seizures. However, no changes in these pathophysiological signals were observed in focal seizures. LESSONS Seizure-related changes regarding generalized seizures were consistent with the results of previous studies. The results of generalized and focal seizures indicate that epileptic brain activity propagated from the epileptic focus in the right frontal lobe to the measurement area near the motor cortex in generalized seizures but not in focal seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Wakuya
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan; and
| | - Takao Inoue
- Departments of Advanced ThermoNeuroBiology and
| | - Hirochika Imoto
- Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuich Maruta
- Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Nomura
- Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Toshitaka Yamakawa
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan; and
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Cortical hemodynamic mechanisms of reversal learning using high-resolution functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A pilot study. Neurophysiol Clin 2021; 51:409-424. [PMID: 34481708 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reversal learning is widely used to analyze cognitive flexibility and characterize behavioral abnormalities associated with impulsivity and disinhibition. Recent studies using fMRI have focused on regions involved in reversal learning with negative and positive reinforcers. Although the frontal cortex has been consistently implicated in reversal learning, few studies have focused on whether reward and punishment may have different effects on lateral frontal structures in these tasks. METHODS During this pilot study on eight healthy subjects, we used functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS) to characterize brain activity dynamics and differentiate the involvement of frontal structures in learning driven by reward and punishment. RESULTS We observed functional hemispheric asymmetries between punishment and reward processing by fNIRS following reversal of a learned rule. Moreover, the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) were activated under the reward condition only, whereas the orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) was significantly activated under the punishment condition, with a tendency towards activation for the right cortical hemisphere (r-DLPFC and r-IFG). Our results are compatible with the suggestion that the DLPFC is involved in the detection of contingency change. We propose a new representation for reward and punishment, with left lateralization for the reward process. CONCLUSIONS The results of this pilot study provide insights into the indirect neural mechanisms of reversal learning and behavioral flexibility and confirm the use of fNIRS imaging in reversal-learning tasks as a translational strategy, particularly in subjects who cannot undergo fMRI recordings.
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Wallois F, Routier L, Heberlé C, Mahmoudzadeh M, Bourel-Ponchel E, Moghimi S. Back to basics: the neuronal substrates and mechanisms that underlie the electroencephalogram in premature neonates. Neurophysiol Clin 2020; 51:5-33. [PMID: 33162287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography is the only clinically available technique that can address the premature neonate normal and pathological functional development week after week. The changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) result from gradual structural and functional modifications that arise during the last trimester of pregnancy. Here, we review the structural changes over time that underlie the establishment of functional immature neural networks, the impact of certain anatomical specificities (fontanelles, connectivity, etc.) on the EEG, limitations in EEG interpretation, and the utility of high-resolution EEG (HR-EEG) in premature newborns (a promising technique with a high degree of spatiotemporal resolution). In particular, we classify EEG features according to whether they are manifestations of endogenous generators (i.e. theta activities that coalesce with a slow wave or delta brushes) or come from a broader network. Furthermore, we review publications on EEG in premature animals because the data provide a better understanding of what is happening in premature newborns. We then discuss the results and limitations of functional connectivity analyses in premature newborns. Lastly, we report on the magnetoelectroencephalographic studies of brain activity in the fetus. A better understanding of complex interactions at various structural and functional levels during normal neurodevelopment (as assessed using electroencephalography as a benchmark method) might lead to better clinical care and monitoring for premature neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Wallois
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France.
| | - Laura Routier
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Claire Heberlé
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Emilie Bourel-Ponchel
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Sahar Moghimi
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
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Hemispheric Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring During Pediatric Seizure Activity in a Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatr Emerg Care 2020; 36:e513-e526. [PMID: 29140931 PMCID: PMC7469875 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained neuronal activity during seizures causes cellular perturbations, alterations in cerebral physiology, and potentially neurological injury, a neurological emergency. With variable clinical manifestations of seizures, frequent failure of seizure recognition by providers in pediatric and developmentally challenged patients can increase seizure complications. Neuroresuscitation should include rapid cerebral physiology assessment for increased seizure recognition and optimal neurological outcomes. In neurological emergencies, cerebral oximetry has demonstrated its utility in altered cerebral physiology and a standard combat neurological assessment tool. During adult seizures, cerebral oximetry (regional cerebral oxygen saturation [rcSO2]) has been shown as a useful neurological assessment tool, but research is lacking in pediatric emergency department (PED) seizure patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify trends in rcSO2 readings for patients presenting to the PED with seizure activity and in the postseizure state in order to evaluate usefulness of rcSO2 as a neurological assessment tool in pediatric seizure patients. METHODS This was a PED observational case series comparing hemispheric rcSO2 readings in first-time clinically evident generalized and focal seizure patients to first-time postseizure patients with no PED seizures. RESULTS Generalized or focal seizure (n = 185) hemispheric rcSO2 revealed significant differences compared with nonseizure and controls' rcSO2 readings (n = 115) (P < 0.0001). Generalized and focal seizure rcSO2's were either less than 60% or greater than 80% compared with nonseizure rcSO2 (P < 0.0001). Ipsilateral focal seizure rcSO2 correlated to seizure side (P < 0.0001) and was less than the contralateral rcSO2 (P < 0.0001), with interhemispheric rcSO2 discordance greater than 16 (P < 0.0001). Seizure to preseizure rcSO2 discordance was as follows: generalized 15.2, focal: left 19.8, right 20.3 (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Hemispheric during-seizure rcSO2 readings significantly correlated with generalized and focal seizures and reflected altered cerebral physiology. Ipsilateral focal seizure rcSO2 readings correlated to the focal side with wide interhemispheric rcSO2 discordance. All postseizure rcSO2 readings returned to preseizure readings, showing altered cerebral physiology resolution. Overall, in generalized or focal seizure, rcSO2 readings were less than 60% or greater than 80%, and in focal seizure, interhemispheric rcSO2 discordance was greater than 10. During seizures, hemispheric rcSO2 readings demonstrated its potential pediatric seizure utility. Utilizing rcSO2 readings related to seizure activity could expedite pediatric and developmentally challenged patients' seizure recognition, cerebral assessment, and interventions especially in pharmacoresistant seizures.
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Parent M, Peysakhovich V, Mandrick K, Tremblay S, Causse M. The diagnosticity of psychophysiological signatures: Can we disentangle mental workload from acute stress with ECG and fNIRS? Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 146:139-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Shoaib Z, Ahmad Kamran M, Mannan MMN, Jeong MY. Approach to optimize 3-dimensional brain functional activation image with high resolution: a study on functional near-infrared spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:4684-4710. [PMID: 31565519 PMCID: PMC6757466 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.004684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 3-dimensional (3-D) enhanced brain-function-map generation and estimation methodology is presented. Optical signals were modelled in the form of numerical optimization problem to infer the best existing waveform of canonical hemodynamic response function. Inter-channel activity patterns were also estimated. The estimation of activation of inter-channel gap depends on the minimization of generalized cross-validation. 3-D brain activation maps were produced through inverse discrete cosine transform. The proposed algorithm acquired significant results for 3-D functional maps with high resolution, in comparison with that of 2-D functional t-maps. A comprehensive analysis by exhibiting images corresponding to several layers has also been appended.
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Rosas-Romero R, Guevara E, Peng K, Nguyen DK, Lesage F, Pouliot P, Lima-Saad WE. Prediction of epileptic seizures with convolutional neural networks and functional near-infrared spectroscopy signals. Comput Biol Med 2019; 111:103355. [PMID: 31323603 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There have been different efforts to predict epileptic seizures and most of them are based on the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals; however, recent publications have suggested that functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a relatively new technique, could be used to predict seizures. The objectives of this research are to show that the application of fNIRS to epileptic seizure detection yields results that are superior to those based on EEG and to demonstrate that the application of deep learning to this problem is suitable given the nature of fNIRS recordings. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is applied to the prediction of epileptic seizures from fNIRS signals, an optical modality for recording brain waves. The implementation of the proposed method is presented in this work. Application of CNN to fNIRS recordings showed an accuracy ranging between 96.9% and 100%, sensitivity between 95.24% and 100%, specificity between 98.57% and 100%, a positive predictive value between 98.52% and 100%, and a negative predictive value between 95.39% and 100%. The most important aspect of this research is the combination of fNIRS signals with the particular CNN algorithm. The fNIRS modality has not been used in epileptic seizure prediction. A CNN is suitable for this application because fNIRS recordings are high dimensional data and they can be modeled as three-dimensional tensors for classification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar Guevara
- CONACYT - Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ke Peng
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Frédéric Lesage
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Canada
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Influences of age, mental workload, and flight experience on cognitive performance and prefrontal activity in private pilots: a fNIRS study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7688. [PMID: 31118436 PMCID: PMC6531547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44082-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of aging on cognitive performance must be better understood, especially to protect older individuals who are engaged in risky activities (e.g. aviation). Current literature on executive functions suggests that brain compensatory mechanisms may counter cognitive deterioration due to aging, at least up to certain task load levels. The present study assesses this hypothesis in private pilots engaged in two executive tasks from the standardized CANTAB battery, namely Spatial Working Memory (SWM) and One Touch Stockings of Cambridge (OTS). Sixty-one pilots from three age groups (young, middle-aged, older) performed these two tasks from low to very high difficulty levels, beyond those reported in previous aging studies. A fNIRS headband measured changes in oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) in the prefrontal cortex. Results confirmed an overall effect of the difficulty level in the three age groups, with a decline in task performance and an increase in prefrontal HbO2 signal. Performance of older relative to younger pilots was impaired in both tasks, with the greatest impairment observed for the highest-load Spatial Working Memory task. Consistent with this behavioral deficit in older pilots, a plateau of prefrontal activity was observed at this highest-load level, suggesting that a ceiling in neural resources was reached. When behavioral performance was either equivalent between age groups or only slightly impaired in the older group, there were not any age-related differences in prefrontal activity. Finally, older pilots with extensive flying experience tend to show better preserved spatial working memory performance when compared to mildly-experienced of the same age group. The present findings are discussed in the frames of HAROLD and CRUNCH theoretical models of cognitive and neural aging, evoking the possibility that piloting expertise may contribute to preserve executive functions throughout adulthood.
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Yamakawa T, Inoue T, Niwayama M, Oka F, Imoto H, Nomura S, Suzuki M. Implantable Multi-Modality Probe for Subdural Simultaneous Measurement of Electrophysiology, Hemodynamics, and Temperature Distribution. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:3204-3211. [PMID: 30835208 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2902189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the integration of the multi-channel measurement capabilities of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), electrocorticography (ECoG), and negative temperature coefficient thermistor sensors into a single device compact enough for subdural implantation can provide beneficial information on various aspects of brain cortical activity and prove a powerful medical modality for pre-, intra-, and post-operative diagnoses in neurosurgery. METHODS The development of a flexible multi-modal multi-channel probe for the simultaneous measurement of the NIRS, ECoG, and surficial temperature obtained from the cerebral cortex was carried out. Photoelectric bare chips for NIRS channels, miniature temperature-coefficient thermistors for measuring localized temperature variation, and 3-mm-diameter platinum plates for ECoG recording were assembled on a polyimide-based flexible printed circuit to create six channels for each modality. A conformal coating of Parylene-C was applied on all the channels except the ECoG to make the probe surface biocompatible. RESULTS As a first-in-human study, the simultaneous measurement capability of the multi-modality probe, with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy, to observe pathological neural activities in subjects during surgery and post-operative monitoring, with no complications two weeks since the implantation, was confirmed. CONCLUSION The feasibility of using a single device to assess the dynamic pathological activity from three different aspects was determined for human patients. SIGNIFICANCE The simultaneous and accurate multi-channel recording of electrical, hemodynamic, and thermographic cortical activities in a single device small enough for subdural implantation is likely to have major implications in neurosurgery and neuroscience.
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Hendrikx D, Smits A, Lavanga M, De Wel O, Thewissen L, Jansen K, Caicedo A, Van Huffel S, Naulaers G. Measurement of Neurovascular Coupling in Neonates. Front Physiol 2019; 10:65. [PMID: 30833901 PMCID: PMC6387909 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling refers to the mechanism that links the transient neural activity to the subsequent change in cerebral blood flow, which is regulated by both chemical signals and mechanical effects. Recent studies suggest that neurovascular coupling in neonates and preterm born infants is different compared to adults. The hemodynamic response after a stimulus is later and less pronounced and the stimulus might even result in a negative (hypoxic) signal. In addition, studies both in animals and neonates confirm the presence of a short hypoxic period after a stimulus in preterm infants. In clinical practice, different methodologies exist to study neurovascular coupling. The combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional near-infrared spectroscopy (brain hemodynamics) with EEG (brain function) is most commonly used in neonates. Especially near-infrared spectroscopy is of interest, since it is a non-invasive method that can be integrated easily in clinical care and is able to provide results concerning longer periods of time. Therefore, near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to develop a continuous non-invasive measurement system, that could be used to study neonates in different clinical settings, or neonates with different pathologies. The main challenge for the development of a continuous marker for neurovascular coupling is how the coupling between the signals can be described. In practice, a wide range of signal interaction measures exist. Moreover, biomedical signals often operate on different time scales. In a more general setting, other variables also have to be taken into account, such as oxygen saturation, carbon dioxide and blood pressure in order to describe neurovascular coupling in a concise manner. Recently, new mathematical techniques were developed to give an answer to these questions. This review discusses these recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Hendrikx
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Smits
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mario Lavanga
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ofelie De Wel
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Thewissen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Jansen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Child Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander Caicedo
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sabine Van Huffel
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gunnar Naulaers
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Zhao X, Lhatoo SD. Seizure detection: do current devices work? And when can they be useful? Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018; 18:40. [PMID: 29796939 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-018-0849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The unpredictability and apparent randomness of epileptic seizures is one of the most vexing aspects of epilepsy. Methods or devices capable of detecting seizures may help prevent injury or even death and significantly improve quality of life. Here, we summarize and evaluate currently available, unimodal, or polymodal detection systems for epileptic seizures, mainly in the ambulatory setting. RECENT FINDINGS There are two broad categories of detection devices: EEG-based and non-EEG-based systems. Wireless wearable EEG devices are now available both in research and commercial arenas. Neuro-stimulation devices are currently evolving and initial experiences of these show potential promise. As for non-EEG devices, different detecting systems show different sensitivity according to the different patient and seizure types. Regardless, when used in combination, these modalities may complement each other to increase positive predictive value. Although some devices with high sensitivity are promising, practical widespread use of such detection systems is still some way away. More research and experience are needed to evaluate the most efficient and integrated systems, to allow for better approaches to detection and prediction of seizures. The concept of closed-loop systems and prompt intervention may substantially improve quality of life for patients and carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhe Zhao
- Epilepsy Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Neurology Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Samden D Lhatoo
- Epilepsy Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,NIH/NINDS Center for SUDEP Research, Boston, MA, USA.
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Chiarelli AM, Zappasodi F, Di Pompeo F, Merla A. Simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography for monitoring of human brain activity and oxygenation: a review. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:041411. [PMID: 28840162 PMCID: PMC5566595 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.4.041411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal monitoring has become particularly common in the study of human brain function. In this context, combined, synchronous measurements of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) are getting increased interest. Because of the absence of electro-optical interference, it is quite simple to integrate these two noninvasive recording procedures of brain activity. fNIRS and EEG are both scalp-located procedures. fNIRS estimates brain hemodynamic fluctuations relying on spectroscopic measurements, whereas EEG captures the macroscopic temporal dynamics of brain electrical activity through passive voltages evaluations. The "orthogonal" neurophysiological information provided by the two technologies and the increasing interest in the neurovascular coupling phenomenon further encourage their integration. This review provides, together with an introduction regarding the principles and future directions of the two technologies, an evaluation of major clinical and nonclinical applications of this flexible, low-cost combination of neuroimaging modalities. fNIRS-EEG systems exploit the ability of the two technologies to be conducted in an environment or experimental setting and/or on subjects that are generally not suited for other neuroimaging modalities, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and magnetoencephalography. fNIRS-EEG brain monitoring settles itself as a useful multimodal tool for brain electrical and hemodynamic activity investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M. Chiarelli
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Beckman Institute, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Filippo Zappasodi
- Università G. d’Annunzio, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, Chieti, Italy
- Università G. d’Annunzio, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Pompeo
- Università G. d’Annunzio, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, Chieti, Italy
- Università G. d’Annunzio, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Chieti, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Università G. d’Annunzio, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, Chieti, Italy
- Università G. d’Annunzio, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Chieti, Italy
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Liu T, Liu X, Yi L, Zhu C, Markey PS, Pelowski M. Assessing autism at its social and developmental roots: A review of Autism Spectrum Disorder studies using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neuroimage 2017; 185:955-967. [PMID: 28966083 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We review a relatively new method for studying the developing brain in children and infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Despite advances in behavioral screening and brain imaging, due to paradigms that do not easily allow for testing of awake, very young, and socially-engaged children-i.e., the social and the baby brain-the biological underpinnings of this disorder remain a mystery. We introduce an approach based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which offers a noninvasive imaging technique for studying functional activations by measuring changes in the brain's hemodynamic properties. This further enables measurement of brain activation in upright, interactive settings, while maintaining general equivalence to fMRI findings. We review the existing studies that have used fNIRS for ASD, discussing their promise, limitations, and their technical aspects, gearing this study to the researcher who may be new to this technique and highlighting potential targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xingchen Liu
- College of Education and Psychology, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Li Yi
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaozhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Causse M, Chua Z, Peysakhovich V, Del Campo N, Matton N. Mental workload and neural efficiency quantified in the prefrontal cortex using fNIRS. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5222. [PMID: 28701789 PMCID: PMC5507990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved understanding of how the brain allocates mental resources as a function of task difficulty is critical for enhancing human performance. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a field-deployable optical brain monitoring technology that provides a direct measure of cerebral blood flow in response to cognitive activity. We found that fNIRS was sensitive to variations in task difficulty in both real-life (flight simulator) and laboratory settings (tests measuring executive functions), showing increased concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and decreased concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) in the prefrontal cortex as the tasks became more complex. Intensity of prefrontal activation (HbO2 concentration) was not clearly correlated to task performance. Rather, activation intensity shed insight on the level of mental effort, i.e., how hard an individual was working to accomplish a task. When combined with performance, fNIRS provided an estimate of the participants' neural efficiency, and this efficiency was consistent across levels of difficulty of the same task. Overall, our data support the suitability of fNIRS to assess the mental effort related to human operations and represents a promising tool for the measurement of neural efficiency in other contexts such as training programs or the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Causse
- Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Toulouse, France.
- Ecole de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
| | - Zarrin Chua
- Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Toulouse, France
| | - Vsevolod Peysakhovich
- Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Toulouse, France
| | - Natalia Del Campo
- Centre of Excellence in Neurodegeneration of Toulouse, NeuroToul, CHU Toulouse, France
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, ToNIC, University of Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nadine Matton
- Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile, Toulouse, 31055, France
- Laboratoire CLLE-LTC, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31100, Toulouse, France
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Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Interictal Spikes Induced by Acute Models of Focal Epilepsy in Rats: A Simultaneous Electrocorticography and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Topogr 2017; 30:390-407. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-016-0541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Manoochehri M, Mahmoudzadeh M, Osharina V, Wallois F. Shedding light on interictal epileptic spikes: An in vivo study using fast optical signal and electrocorticography. Epilepsia 2017; 58:608-616. [PMID: 28117493 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interictal epileptic spikes (IESs), apart from being a key marker of epileptic neuronal networks, constitute a nice model of the widespread endogenous phenomenon of neuronal hypersynchronization. Many questions concerning the mechanisms that drive neurons to hypersynchronize remain unresolved, but synaptic as well as nonsynaptic events are likely to be involved. In this study, changes in optical properties of neural tissues were observed in rats with penicillin-induced IES using fast optical signal (FOS) concomitantly with electrocorticography (ECoG). METHODS In this study, near-infrared optical imaging was used with ECoG to investigate variations in the optical properties of cortical tissue directly associated with neuronal activity in 15 rats. FOS changes correspond to variations of scattered light from neuronal tissue when neurons are activated. To independently evaluate our method, a control experiment on somatosensory was designed and applied to seven different rats. Time-frequency analysis was also used to track variations of (de)synchronization concomitantly with changes in optical signals during IES. RESULTS FOS responses revealed that changes in optical signals occurred 320 msec before to 370 msec after the IES peak. These changes started before any changes in ECoG signal. In addition, time-frequency domain electrocorticography revealed an alternating decrease-increase-decrease in the ECoG spectral power (pointing to desynchronization-synchronization-desynchronization), which occurred concomitantly with an increase-decrease-increase in relative optical signal during the IES. These results suggest a relationship between (de)synchronization and optical changes. SIGNIFICANCE These changes in the neuronal environment around IESs raise new questions about the mechanisms that induce changes in optical properties of neural tissues before the IES, which may provide suitable conditions for neuronal synchronization during IESs. FOS-ECoG constitutes a multimodal approach and opens new avenues to study the mechanisms of neuronal synchronization in the pathologic brain, which has clinical implications, at least in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Manoochehri
- INSERM U 1105, GRAMFC, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- INSERM U 1105, GRAMFC, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Victoria Osharina
- INSERM U 1105, GRAMFC, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- INSERM U 1105, GRAMFC, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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The Spatial Release of Cognitive Load in Cocktail Party Is Determined by the Relative Levels of the Talkers. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2017; 18:457-464. [PMID: 28101695 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-016-0611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a multi-talker situation, spatial separation between talkers reduces cognitive processing load: this is the "spatial release of cognitive load". The present study investigated the role played by the relative levels of the talkers on this spatial release of cognitive load. During the experiment, participants had to report the speech emitted by a target talker in the presence of a concurrent masker talker. The spatial separation (0° and 120° angular distance in azimuth) and the relative levels of the talkers (adverse, intermediate, and favorable target-to-masker ratio) were manipulated. The cognitive load was assessed with a prefrontal functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Data from 14 young normal-hearing listeners revealed that the target-to-masker ratio had a direct impact on the spatial release of cognitive load. Spatial separation significantly reduced the prefrontal activity only for the intermediate target-to-masker ratio and had no effect on prefrontal activity for the favorable and the adverse target-to-masker ratios. Therefore, the relative levels of the talkers might be a key point to determine the spatial release of cognitive load and more specifically the prefrontal activity induced by spatial cues in multi-talker situations.
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Ulate-Campos A, Coughlin F, Gaínza-Lein M, Fernández IS, Pearl P, Loddenkemper T. Automated seizure detection systems and their effectiveness for each type of seizure. Seizure 2016; 40:88-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Peng K, Pouliot P, Lesage F, Nguyen DK. Multichannel continuous electroencephalography-functional near-infrared spectroscopy recording of focal seizures and interictal epileptiform discharges in human epilepsy: a review. NEUROPHOTONICS 2016; 3:031402. [PMID: 26958576 PMCID: PMC4750425 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.3.3.031402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a promising neuroimaging technique as it allows noninvasive and long-term monitoring of cortical hemodynamics. Recent work by our group and others has revealed the potential of fNIRS, combined with electroencephalography (EEG), in the context of human epilepsy. Hemodynamic brain responses attributed to epileptic events, such as seizures and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), are routinely observed with a good degree of statistical significance and in concordance with clinical presentation. Recording done with over 100 channels allows sufficiently large coverage of the epileptic focus and other areas. Three types of seizures have been documented: frontal lobe seizures, temporal lobe seizures, and posterior seizures. Increased oxygenation was observed in the epileptic focus in most cases, while rapid but similar hemodynamic variations were identified in the contralateral homologous region. While investigating IEDs, it was shown that their hemodynamic effect is observable with fNIRS, that their response is associated with significant (inhibitive) nonlinearities, and that the sensitivity and specificity of fNIRS to localize the epileptic focus can be estimated in a sample of 40 patients. This paper first reviews recent EEG-fNIRS developments in epilepsy research and then describes applications to the study of focal seizures and IEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Département de génie électrique and Institut de génie biomédical, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C3A7, Canada
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Département de génie électrique and Institut de génie biomédical, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C3A7, Canada
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Centre de recherche, 5000 rue Bélanger est, Montréal, Quebec H1T1C8, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Département de génie électrique and Institut de génie biomédical, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C3A7, Canada
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Centre de recherche, 5000 rue Bélanger est, Montréal, Quebec H1T1C8, Canada
| | - Dang Khoa Nguyen
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Service de neurologie, 1560 rue Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Quebec H2L4M1, Canada
- Address all correspondence to: Dang Khoa Nguyen, E-mail:
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Keles HO, Barbour RL, Omurtag A. Hemodynamic correlates of spontaneous neural activity measured by human whole-head resting state EEG+fNIRS. Neuroimage 2016; 138:76-87. [PMID: 27236081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The brains of awake, resting human subjects display spontaneously occurring neural activity patterns whose magnitude is typically many times greater than those triggered by cognitive or perceptual performance. Evoked and resting state activations affect local cerebral hemodynamic properties through processes collectively referred to as neurovascular coupling. Its investigation calls for an ability to track both the neural and vascular aspects of brain function. We used scalp electroencephalography (EEG), which provided a measure of the electrical potentials generated by cortical postsynaptic currents. Simultaneously we utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to continuously monitor hemoglobin concentration changes in superficial cortical layers. The multi-modal signal from 18 healthy adult subjects allowed us to investigate the association of neural activity in a range of frequencies over the whole-head to local changes in hemoglobin concentrations. Our results verified the delayed alpha (8-16Hz) modulation of hemodynamics in posterior areas known from the literature. They also indicated strong beta (16-32Hz) modulation of hemodynamics. Analysis revealed, however, that beta modulation was likely generated by the alpha-beta coupling in EEG. Signals from the inferior electrode sites were dominated by scalp muscle related activity. Our study aimed to characterize the phenomena related to neurovascular coupling observable by practical, cost-effective, and non-invasive multi-modal techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Onur Keles
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Randall L Barbour
- Department of Pathology, Optical Tomography Group, State University of New York, NY, 11203, United States
| | - Ahmet Omurtag
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States.
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Pellegrino G, Machado A, von Ellenrieder N, Watanabe S, Hall JA, Lina JM, Kobayashi E, Grova C. Hemodynamic Response to Interictal Epileptiform Discharges Addressed by Personalized EEG-fNIRS Recordings. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:102. [PMID: 27047325 PMCID: PMC4801878 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed at studying the hemodynamic response (HR) to Interictal Epileptic Discharges (IEDs) using patient-specific and prolonged simultaneous ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) and functional Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (fNIRS) recordings. Methods: The epileptic generator was localized using Magnetoencephalography source imaging. fNIRS montage was tailored for each patient, using an algorithm to optimize the sensitivity to the epileptic generator. Optodes were glued using collodion to achieve prolonged acquisition with high quality signal. fNIRS data analysis was handled with no a priori constraint on HR time course, averaging fNIRS signals to similar IEDs. Cluster-permutation analysis was performed on 3D reconstructed fNIRS data to identify significant spatio-temporal HR clusters. Standard (GLM with fixed HRF) and cluster-permutation EEG-fMRI analyses were performed for comparison purposes. Results: fNIRS detected HR to IEDs for 8/9 patients. It mainly consisted oxy-hemoglobin increases (seven patients), followed by oxy-hemoglobin decreases (six patients). HR was lateralized in six patients and lasted from 8.5 to 30 s. Standard EEG-fMRI analysis detected an HR in 4/9 patients (4/9 without enough IEDs, 1/9 unreliable result). The cluster-permutation EEG-fMRI analysis restricted to the region investigated by fNIRS showed additional strong and non-canonical BOLD responses starting earlier than the IEDs and lasting up to 30 s. Conclusions: (i) EEG-fNIRS is suitable to detect the HR to IEDs and can outperform EEG-fMRI because of prolonged recordings and greater chance to detect IEDs; (ii) cluster-permutation analysis unveils additional HR features underestimated when imposing a canonical HR function (iii) the HR is often bilateral and lasts up to 30 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pellegrino
- Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis Machado
- Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas von Ellenrieder
- Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Satsuki Watanabe
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jeffery A Hall
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- Departement de Génie Electrique, Ecole de Technologie SupérieureMontreal, QC, Canada; Center of Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hospital Du Sacre-CœurMontreal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherches Mathematiques, University of MontréalMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eliane Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Grova
- Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherches Mathematiques, University of MontréalMontreal, QC, Canada; Physics Department and Perform Center, Concordia UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
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Verriotis M, Fabrizi L, Lee A, Cooper RJ, Fitzgerald M, Meek J. Mapping Cortical Responses to Somatosensory Stimuli in Human Infants with Simultaneous Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Event-Related Potential Recording. eNeuro 2016; 3:ENEURO.0026-16.2016. [PMID: 27200413 PMCID: PMC4867026 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0026-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) have recently provided fundamental new information about how the newborn brain processes innocuous and noxious somatosensory information. However, results derived independently from these two techniques are not entirely consistent, raising questions about the relationship between hemodynamic and electrophysiological responses in the study of touch and pain processing in the newborn. To address this, we have recorded NIRS and EEG responses simultaneously for the first time in the human infant following noxious (time-locked clinically required heel lances) and innocuous tactile cutaneous stimulation in 30 newborn infants. The results show that both techniques can be used to record quantifiable and distinct innocuous and noxious evoked activity at a group level in the newborn cortex. Noxious stimulation elicits a peak hemodynamic response that is 10-fold larger than that elicited by an innocuous stimulus (HbO2: 2.0 vs 0.3 µM) and a distinct nociceptive-specific N3P3 waveform in electrophysiological recordings. However, a novel single-trial analysis revealed that hemodynamic and electrophysiological responses do not always co-occur at an individual level, although when they do (64% of noxious test occasions), they are significantly correlated in magnitude. These data show that, while hemodynamic and electrophysiological touch and pain brain activity in newborn infants are comparable in group analyses, important individual differences remain. These data indicate that integrated and multimodal brain monitoring is required to understand central touch and pain processing in the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Verriotis
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Cooper
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Meek
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Obstetric Wing, University College Hospital, University College London Hospitals, London, WC1E 6DB, United Kingdom
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Govindan RB, Massaro A, Chang T, Vezina G, du Plessis A. A novel technique for quantitative bedside monitoring of neurovascular coupling. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 259:135-142. [PMID: 26684362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no current method for continuous quantification of neurovascular coupling (NVC) in spontaneous brain activity. To fill this void, we propose a novel method to quantify NVC using electroencephalogram (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data. NEW METHOD Since EEG and NIRS measure physiologic changes occurring at different time scales, we bring them into a common dynamical time frame (DTF). To achieve this, we partition both signals into one-second epochs and calculate the standard deviation of the EEG and the average value of the NIRS for each epoch. We then quantify the NVC by calculating spectral coherence between the two signals in the DTF. The resulting NVC will have a low resolution with all of its content localized below 1Hz. RESULTS After validating this framework on simulated data, we applied this approach to EEG and NIRS signals collected from four term infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal encephalopathy. Two of these infants showed no evidence of structural brain injury, and the other two died during the course of the therapy. The intact survivors showed emergence of NVC during hypothermia and/or after rewarming. In contrast, the two critically ill infants, who subsequently died, lacked this feature. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Existing methods quantify NVC by averaging neurovascular signals based on certain events (for example seizure) in the EEG activity, whereas our approach quantifies coupling between spontaneous background EEG and NIRS. CONCLUSION Real-time continuous monitoring of NVC may be a promising physiologic signal for cerebral monitoring in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Govindan
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Fetal Medicine Institute, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| | - An Massaro
- Division of Neonatology, Children's National, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Taeun Chang
- Division of Neurology, Children's National, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Gilbert Vezina
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Adré du Plessis
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Fetal Medicine Institute, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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Critical Roles of the Direct GABAergic Pallido-cortical Pathway in Controlling Absence Seizures. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004539. [PMID: 26496656 PMCID: PMC4619822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG), serving as an intermediate bridge between the cerebral cortex and thalamus, are believed to play crucial roles in controlling absence seizure activities generated by the pathological corticothalamic system. Inspired by recent experiments, here we systematically investigate the contribution of a novel identified GABAergic pallido-cortical pathway, projecting from the globus pallidus externa (GPe) in the BG to the cerebral cortex, to the control of absence seizures. By computational modelling, we find that both increasing the activation of GPe neurons and enhancing the coupling strength of the inhibitory pallido-cortical pathway can suppress the bilaterally synchronous 2-4 Hz spike and wave discharges (SWDs) during absence seizures. Appropriate tuning of several GPe-related pathways may also trigger the SWD suppression, through modulating the activation level of GPe neurons. Furthermore, we show that the previously discovered bidirectional control of absence seizures due to the competition between other two BG output pathways also exists in our established model. Importantly, such bidirectional control is shaped by the coupling strength of this direct GABAergic pallido-cortical pathway. Our work suggests that the novel identified pallido-cortical pathway has a functional role in controlling absence seizures and the presented results might provide testable hypotheses for future experimental studies.
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Monrad P, Sannagowdara K, Bozarth X, Bhosrekar S, Hecox K, Nwosu M, Schwabe M, Meyer M, Szabo A, Prigge J, Lemke R, Horn B, Whelan HT. Haemodynamic response associated with both ictal and interictal epileptiform activity using simultaneous video electroencephalography/near infrared spectroscopy in a within-subject study. JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 23:209-218. [PMID: 26538840 PMCID: PMC4629858 DOI: 10.1255/jnirs.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the findings from a pilot study of four patients with medically refractory epilepsy undergoing pre-surgical evaluation with ages ranging from 5 to 17 years. Video electroencephalography recordings and data from a near infrared spectroscopy cerebral/somatic oximeter were gathered and related to electrographic seizure onset and offset as determined by a paediatric epileptologist. All four patients showed haemodynamic changes associated with epileptiform activities. The increased blood flow clearly coincided with epileptiform activity and continued to increase as the epileptiform activity built up. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation increased in the epileptogenic focus, perhaps due to loss of cerebrovascular autoregulation. These findings reinforce that near infrared spectroscopy can potentially be used in a wide spectrum of patients with epilepsy regardless of the underlying brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Monrad
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Kumar Sannagowdara
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Xiuhua Bozarth
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Sugandha Bhosrekar
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Kurt Hecox
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Michelle Nwosu
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Michael Schwabe
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Michael Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Aniko Szabo
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Jenna Prigge
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Russ Lemke
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Briana Horn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Harry T. Whelan
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
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Haigh S, Cooper N, Wilkins A. Cortical excitability and the shape of the haemodynamic response. Neuroimage 2015; 111:379-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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35
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Chiarelli AM, Maclin EL, Fabiani M, Gratton G. A kurtosis-based wavelet algorithm for motion artifact correction of fNIRS data. Neuroimage 2015; 112:128-137. [PMID: 25747916 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Movements are a major source of artifacts in functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). Several algorithms have been developed for motion artifact correction of fNIRS data, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), targeted Principal Component Analysis (tPCA), Spline Interpolation (SI), and Wavelet Filtering (WF). WF is based on removing wavelets with coefficients deemed to be outliers based on their standardized scores, and it has proven to be effective on both synthetized and real data. However, when the SNR is high, it can lead to a reduction of signal amplitude. This may occur because standardized scores inherently adapt to the noise level, independently of the shape of the distribution of the wavelet coefficients. Higher-order moments of the wavelet coefficient distribution may provide a more diagnostic index of wavelet distribution abnormality than its variance. Here we introduce a new procedure that relies on eliminating wavelets that contribute to generate a large fourth-moment (i.e., kurtosis) of the coefficient distribution to define "outliers" wavelets (kurtosis-based Wavelet Filtering, kbWF). We tested kbWF by comparing it with other existing procedures, using simulated functional hemodynamic responses added to real resting-state fNIRS recordings. These simulations show that kbWF is highly effective in eliminating transient noise, yielding results with higher SNR than other existing methods over a wide range of signal and noise amplitudes. This is because: (1) the procedure is iterative; and (2) kurtosis is more diagnostic than variance in identifying outliers. However, kbWF does not eliminate slow components of artifacts whose duration is comparable to the total recording time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward L Maclin
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA
| | - Monica Fabiani
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA
| | - Gabriele Gratton
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA.
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Cerebral oximetry assessed by near-infrared spectrometry during preeclampsia: an observational study: impact of magnesium sulfate administration. Crit Care Med 2014; 42:2379-86. [PMID: 25072763 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the regional cerebral oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (rcSO2) in severe preeclamptic parturients exhibiting neurologic symptoms compared with healthy pregnant women (control) and to describe the effects of MgSO4 infusion on rcSO2 and cerebral and systemic hemodynamic variables. DESIGN Prospective, observational study. SETTING Obstetric critical care unit in a university-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS Twenty severe preeclamptic parturients presenting with neurologic signs before any administration of MgSO4, and 20 control parturients. INTERVENTION Infusion of MgSO4 in severe preeclamptic patients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We measured rcSO2 using near-infrared spectroscopy, blood flow velocities of the middle cerebral artery, and cardiac output at baseline, 5 minutes, 1 hour, and 6 hours after the MgSO4 bolus (4 g), followed by continuous MgSO4 infusion (1 g/h). These measurements were also obtained in 20 control parturients at baseline and 6 hours. Baseline rcSO2 was significantly lower in the severe preeclamptic group: 61% (56-69) vs 66% (63-71) (p = 0.037). At inclusion, blood pressures were significantly higher in the severe preeclamptic group compared with the control group, whereas cardiac output and transcranial Doppler readings were similar. Five minutes after the MgSO4 bolus infusion, a median increase of 8.6% (3.2-18.1) in rcSO2 was observed (p = 0.007), reaching values of the control group that were maintained up to 6 hours. Blood pressures and systolic velocities of the middle cerebral artery significantly decreased (p < 0.01) after the MgSO4 bolus, whereas cardiac output did not change. The percentage increase in rcSO2 was negatively correlated to the mean blood pressure (r = 0.60, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Cerebral oxygenation impairment can be detected by near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring in severe preeclamptic parturients. These results suggested the presence of disorders in cerebral microcirculation and/or changes in cerebral oxygenation. MgSO4 infusion in patients with severe preeclampsia restored rcSO2 to control levels with no systemic side effects. Further studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring in patients with preeclampsia and to assess the action of other antihypertensive therapies on rcSO2.
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Pittau F, Mégevand P, Sheybani L, Abela E, Grouiller F, Spinelli L, Michel CM, Seeck M, Vulliemoz S. Mapping epileptic activity: sources or networks for the clinicians? Front Neurol 2014; 5:218. [PMID: 25414692 PMCID: PMC4220689 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epileptic seizures of focal origin are classically considered to arise from a focal epileptogenic zone and then spread to other brain regions. This is a key concept for semiological electro-clinical correlations, localization of relevant structural lesions, and selection of patients for epilepsy surgery. Recent development in neuro-imaging and electro-physiology and combinations, thereof, have been validated as contributory tools for focus localization. In parallel, these techniques have revealed that widespread networks of brain regions, rather than a single epileptogenic region, are implicated in focal epileptic activity. Sophisticated multimodal imaging and analysis strategies of brain connectivity patterns have been developed to characterize the spatio-temporal relationships within these networks by combining the strength of both techniques to optimize spatial and temporal resolution with whole-brain coverage and directional connectivity. In this paper, we review the potential clinical contribution of these functional mapping techniques as well as invasive electrophysiology in human beings and animal models for characterizing network connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pittau
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Pierre Mégevand
- Laboratory for Multimodal Human Brain Mapping, Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medicine , Manhasset, NY , USA
| | - Laurent Sheybani
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Eugenio Abela
- Support Center of Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Grouiller
- Radiology Department, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Laurent Spinelli
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Margitta Seeck
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Serge Vulliemoz
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
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Lopes R, Moeller F, Besson P, Ogez F, Szurhaj W, Leclerc X, Siniatchkin M, Chipaux M, Derambure P, Tyvaert L. Study on the Relationships between Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of the Default Mode Network and Transient Epileptic Activity. Front Neurol 2014; 5:201. [PMID: 25346721 PMCID: PMC4193009 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Simultaneous recording of electroencephalogram and functional MRI (EEG–fMRI) is a powerful tool for localizing epileptic networks via the detection of hemodynamic changes correlated with interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs). fMRI can be used to study the long-lasting effect of epileptic activity by assessing stationary functional connectivity during the resting-state period [especially, the connectivity of the default mode network (DMN)]. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) are associated with low responsiveness and disruption of DMN activity. A dynamic functional connectivity approach might enable us to determine the effect of IEDs on DMN connectivity and to better understand the correlation between DMN connectivity changes and altered consciousness. Method: We studied dynamic changes in DMN intrinsic connectivity and their relation to IEDs. Six IGE patients (with generalized spike and slow-waves) and 6 TLE patients (with unilateral left temporal spikes) were included. Functional connectivity before, during, and after IEDs was estimated using a sliding window approach and compared with the baseline period. Results: No dependence on window size was observed. The baseline DMN connectivity was decreased in the left hemisphere (ipsilateral to the epileptic focus) in TLEs and was less strong but remained bilateral in IGEs. We observed an overall increase in DMN intrinsic connectivity prior to the onset of IEDs in both IGEs and TLEs. After IEDs in TLEs, we found that DMN connectivity increased before it returned to baseline values. Most of the DMN regions with increased connectivity before and after IEDs were lateralized to the left hemisphere in TLE (i.e., ipsilateral to the epileptic focus). Conclusion: Results suggest that DMN connectivity may facilitate IED generation and may be affected at the time of the IED. However, these results need to be confirmed in a larger independent cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Lopes
- UMR 1046, University of Lille 2 , Lille , France ; In vivo Imaging Core Facility, IMPRT-IFR114, Lille University Medical Center , Lille , France
| | - Friederike Moeller
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University , Kiel , Germany
| | - Pierre Besson
- UMR 1046, University of Lille 2 , Lille , France ; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center , Lille , France
| | | | - William Szurhaj
- UMR 1046, University of Lille 2 , Lille , France ; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center , Lille , France
| | - Xavier Leclerc
- UMR 1046, University of Lille 2 , Lille , France ; In vivo Imaging Core Facility, IMPRT-IFR114, Lille University Medical Center , Lille , France
| | - Michael Siniatchkin
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University , Kiel , Germany
| | - Mathilde Chipaux
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild , Paris , France
| | - Philippe Derambure
- UMR 1046, University of Lille 2 , Lille , France ; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center , Lille , France
| | - Louise Tyvaert
- UMR 1046, University of Lille 2 , Lille , France ; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center , Lille , France
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Carney PW, Jackson GD. Insights into the mechanisms of absence seizure generation provided by EEG with functional MRI. Front Neurol 2014; 5:162. [PMID: 25225491 PMCID: PMC4150362 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Absence seizures (AS) are brief epileptic events characterized by loss of awareness with subtle motor features. They may be very frequent, and impact on attention, learning, and memory. A number of pathophysiological models have been developed to explain the mechanism of absence seizure generation, which relies heavily on observations from animal studies. Studying the structural and functional relationships between large-scale brain networks in humans is only practical with non-invasive whole brain techniques. EEG with functional MRI (EEG-fMRI) is one such technique that provides an opportunity to explore the interactions between brain structures involved in AS generation. A number of fMRI techniques including event-related analysis, time-course analysis, and functional connectivity (FC) have identified a common network of structures involved in AS. This network comprises the thalamus, midline, and lateral parietal cortex [the default mode network (DMN)], caudate nuclei, and the reticular structures of the pons. The main component displaying an increase in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal relative to the resting state, in group studies, is the thalamus while the most consistent cortical change is reduced BOLD signal in the DMN. Time-course analysis shows that, rather than some structures being activated or inactivated during AS, there appears to be increase in activity across components of the network preceding or following the electro-clinical onset of the seizure. The earliest change in BOLD signal occurs in the DMN, prior to the onset of epileptiform events. This region also shows altered FC in patients with AS. Hence, it appears that engagement of this network is central to AS. In this review, we will explore the insights of EEG-fMRI studies into the mechanisms of AS and consider how the DMN is likely to be the major large-scale brain network central to both seizure generation and seizure manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Carney
- The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health , Heidelberg, VIC , Australia ; The University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC , Australia ; Austin Health , Heidelberg, VIC , Australia
| | - Graeme D Jackson
- The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health , Heidelberg, VIC , Australia ; The University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC , Australia ; Austin Health , Heidelberg, VIC , Australia
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40
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Yamakawa T, Inoue T, He Y, Fujii M, Suzuki M, Niwayama M. Development of an implantable flexible probe for simultaneous near-infrared spectroscopy and electrocorticography. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2014; 61:388-95. [PMID: 23996535 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2013.2279888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A combination of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electrocorticography (ECoG) provides beneficial information on cortical activity from different aspects. Integration of such multimodal measurement capability into a single apparatus and the direct measurement of cortical activity during chronic subdural implantation may be a powerful means for clinical diagnosis and neuroscience. However, an optical fiber-based NIRS probe cannot be miniaturized for implantation into the brain, and the light-scattering effect of ECoG electrodes in NIRS measurements is unknown. We describe here the development of a flexible probe, small enough for chronic subdural implantation, for simultaneous NIRS and ECoG. Two light-emitting diodes of different wavelengths and two photodiodes were mounted on a polyimide-based flexible substrate, and ECoG electrodes were formed with a design minimizing artifacts in NIRS recording. The fabricated probe measured ECoGs at sufficient spatial resolution and submicromolar changes in hemoglobin concentrations in in vivo experiments with acute implantation into a rat. Comparison of measured changes in hemoglobin concentrations for different source-detector distances reveals the reliability of the measured values and the practicality of the simulation model. The proposed intracranial multimodality probe may provide beneficial evidence for pre- and intrasurgical assessment of neurosurgery and reveal the interaction of electrophysiology and hemodynamics at high spatial resolution without artifacts due to scalp blood flow.
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41
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The promise of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for psychological research: A brief review. ANNEE PSYCHOLOGIQUE 2014. [DOI: 10.4074/s0003503314003054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Frontal hemodynamic changes precede EEG onset of temporal lobe seizures. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:442-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Helbok R, Claassen J. Multimodal invasive monitoring in status epilepticus: what is the evidence it has a place? Epilepsia 2013; 54 Suppl 6:57-60. [PMID: 24001075 DOI: 10.1111/epi.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The underlying pathophysiology of status epilepticus (SE) remains mostly invisible to the clinician in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. In animal studies associated hemodynamic and brain neurochemical changes have been well described. In the last decade, bedside invasive neuromonitoring techniques allow the assessments of changes in focal and global cerebral physiology associated with ictal activity on the tissue level in humans. Recent studies demonstrate that laboratory research insufficiently replicates the complexity of the human condition. Herein we summarize the current knowledge gained from human studies integrating cortical electrographic and brain tissue metabolic and hemodynamic information into the current pathophysiologic concept of SE in humans. With increasing experience gained by the use of extended neuromonitoring, we are more and more able to understand associated hemodynamic and brain neurochemical changes in patients with SE. In the future, this information can potentially provide integrated pathophysiologic end points into SE treatment concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Helbok
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria.
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44
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Yang H, Jiang H. Design and evaluation of a miniature probe integrating diffuse optical tomography and electroencephalographic source localization. APPLIED OPTICS 2013; 52:5036-5041. [PMID: 23852220 DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.005036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a dual-modality three-dimensional imaging approach that integrates diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and electroencephalographic source localization (ESL). This dual-modal DOT/ESL approach is evaluated using solid tissue-like phantoms where targets having both optical and electrical contrasts relative to the background phantom are included. The results obtained from extensive phantom experiments show that this dual-modal approach is suitable for imaging seizure focus in the study of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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45
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Yücel MA, Selb J, Boas DA, Cash SS, Cooper RJ. Reducing motion artifacts for long-term clinical NIRS monitoring using collodion-fixed prism-based optical fibers. Neuroimage 2013; 85 Pt 1:192-201. [PMID: 23796546 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As the applications of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) continue to broaden and long-term clinical monitoring becomes more common, minimizing signal artifacts due to patient movement becomes more pressing. This is particularly true in applications where clinically and physiologically interesting events are intrinsically linked to patient movement, as is the case in the study of epileptic seizures. In this study, we apply an approach common in the application of EEG electrodes to the application of specialized NIRS optical fibers. The method provides improved optode-scalp coupling through the use of miniaturized optical fiber tips fixed to the scalp using collodion, a clinical adhesive. We investigate and quantify the performance of this new method in minimizing motion artifacts in healthy subjects, and apply the technique to allow continuous NIRS monitoring throughout epileptic seizures in two epileptic in-patients. Using collodion-fixed fibers reduces the percent signal change of motion artifacts by 90% and increases the SNR by 6 and 3 fold at 690 and 830 nm wavelengths respectively when compared to a standard Velcro-based array of optical fibers. The SNR has also increased by 2 fold during rest conditions without motion with the new probe design because of better light coupling between the fiber and scalp. The change in both HbO and HbR during motion artifacts is found to be statistically lower for the collodion-fixed fiber probe. The collodion-fixed optical fiber approach has also allowed us to obtain good quality NIRS recording of three epileptic seizures in two patients despite excessive motion in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem A Yücel
- HMS/MIT/MGH Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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46
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Burakgazi E, Dalkilic A, Moghal U, Shah U, Carran M. A case of atypical absence seizures after electroconvulsive treatment in a patient with treatment-resistant depression. Clin EEG Neurosci 2013; 44:62-9. [PMID: 23248334 DOI: 10.1177/1550059412452674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used to treat severe treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. Multiple psychotropic medications are usually prescribed in high doses prior to or concomitantly with ECT. Little is known about the interaction of ECT with psychotropic medications. ECT is known to induce seizures, but its tendency to induce absence seizures is not. We present a case of a 44-year-old female, on multiple psychotropic medications, who had frequent atypical absence seizures for many days after ECT. Electroencephalography (EEG) confirmed atypical absence seizures by the presence of typical 2.5 to 3 Hz generalized sharp and slow waves with disorganized background activity.
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Tsytsarev V, Bernardelli C, Maslov KI. Living Brain Optical Imaging: Technology, Methods and Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 1:180-192. [PMID: 28251038 DOI: 10.1166/jnsne.2012.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Within the last few decades, optical imaging methods have yielded revolutionary results when applied to all parts of the central nervous system. The purpose of this review is to analyze research possibilities and limitations of several novel imaging techniques and show some of the most interesting achievements obtained by these methods. Here we covered intrinsic optical imaging, voltage-sensitive dye, photoacoustic, optical coherence tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy and some other techniques. All of them are mainly applicable for experimental neuroscience but some of them also suitable for the clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Room S251, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201-1075, USA
| | - Chad Bernardelli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Room S251, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201-1075, USA
| | - Konstantin I Maslov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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Lenkov DN, Volnova AB, Pope ARD, Tsytsarev V. Advantages and limitations of brain imaging methods in the research of absence epilepsy in humans and animal models. J Neurosci Methods 2012; 212:195-202. [PMID: 23137652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to analyze research possibilities and limitations of several methods, technical tools and their combinations for elucidation of absence epilepsy mechanisms, particularly the childhood absences. Despite the notable collection of simultaneous recording of clinical electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral changes in relation to absence seizures, shortcomings of scalp EEG in both spatial resolution and precise detection of subcortical centers have limited the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of altered brain function during and after recurrent epileptic paroxysms. Therefore, in the past decade, EEG recordings have often been combined with simultaneous imaging methods in epilepsy studies. Among imaging methods, the following ones are used regularly: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron-emission tomography (PET), low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA), single photon emission spectroscopy (SPECT), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and optical imaging of intrinsic signals (IOS). In addition, voltage-sensitive dye optical imaging method and even photoacoustic microscopy can be applied to animal models of epilepsy. Samplings of some of the most relevant data obtained by the above methods are presented. It appears that the elaboration of more adequate animal models of the patterns of absence seizures during the early postnatal period is necessary for better correspondence of human and animal absence phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry N Lenkov
- Nevsky Center of Scientific Collaboration-Saint Petersburg, Razjezshaya 43/1 Liter A, Suite 8N, Saint Petersburg 192119, Russia
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Sato Y, Oishi M, Fukuda M, Fujii Y. Hemodynamic and electrophysiological connectivity in the language system: simultaneous near-infrared spectroscopy and electrocorticography recordings during cortical stimulation. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2012; 123:64-67. [PMID: 22883430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We applied near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings during cortical stimulation to a temporal lobe epilepsy patient who underwent subdural electrode implantation. Using NIRS, changes in blood concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (HbO(2)) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR) during cortical stimulation of the left language areas were measured in each hemisphere. NIRS revealed that 2 Hz stimulation with 5 mA produced no significant hemodynamic changes in either hemisphere. By contrast, 50 Hz stimulation elicited significant increases in both HbO(2) and HbR at the stimulation site. Furthermore, with 50 Hz stimulation of the left superior temporal gyrus, the increases in HbO(2) and HbR were observed not only at the stimulation site but also concurrently at the left inferior frontal gyrus. This suggests the existence of functional connectivity in the language system. The present study demonstrates that simultaneous NIRS and ECoG studies during cortical stimulation allow a novel analysis of cerebral connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan.
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Sasai S, Homae F, Watanabe H, Sasaki AT, Tanabe HC, Sadato N, Taga G. A NIRS-fMRI study of resting state network. Neuroimage 2012; 63:179-93. [PMID: 22713670 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting state functional connectivity, which is defined as temporal correlation of spontaneous activity between diverse brain regions, has been reported to form resting state networks (RSNs), consisting of a specific set of brain regions, based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Recently, studies using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) reported that NIRS signals also show temporal correlation between different brain regions. The local relationship between NIRS and fMRI signals has been examined by simultaneously recording these signals when participants perform tasks or respond to stimuli. However, the NIRS-fMRI signal relationship during the resting state has been reported only between NIRS signals obtained within limited regions and whole brain fMRI signals. Therefore, it remains unclear whether NIRS signals obtained at diverse regions correlate with regional fMRI signals close to the NIRS measurement channels, especially in relation to the RSNs. In this study, we tested whether the signals measured by these different modalities during the resting state have the consistent characteristics of the RSNs. Specifically, NIRS signals during the resting state were acquired over the frontal, temporal, and occipital cortices while whole brain fMRI data was simultaneously recorded. First, by projecting the NIRS channel positions over the cerebral cortical surface, we identified the most likely anatomical locations of all NIRS channels used in the study. Next, to investigate the regional signal relationship between NIRS and fMRI, we calculated the cross-correlation between NIRS signals and fMRI signals in the brain regions adjacent to each NIRS channel. For each NIRS channel, we observed the local maxima of correlation coefficients between NIRS and fMRI signals within a radius of 2 voxels from the projection point. Furthermore, we also found that highly correlated voxels with the NIRS signal were mainly localized within brain tissues for all NIRS channels, with the exception of 2 frontal channels. Finally, by calculating the correlation between NIRS signals at a channel and whole brain fMRI signals, we observed that NIRS signals correlate with fMRI signals not only within brain regions adjacent to NIRS channels but also within distant brain regions constituting RSNs, such as the dorsal attention, fronto-parietal control, and default mode networks. These results support the idea that NIRS signals obtained at several cortical regions during the resting state mainly reflect regional spontaneous hemodynamic fluctuations that originate from spontaneous cortical activity, and include information that characterizes the RSNs. Because NIRS is relatively easy to use and a less physically demanding neuroimaging technique, our findings should facilitate a broad application of this technique to examine RSNs, especially for clinical populations and conditions unsuitable for fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Sasai
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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