1
|
Arora O, Ahmed N, Nallaswamy D, Ganapathy D, Srinivasan M. Denture base materials: An in vitro evaluation of the mechanical and color properties. J Dent 2024; 145:104993. [PMID: 38657724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the physical and mechanical properties of four denture base materials: Polyan IC (PA), milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin (3DP), and SR Ivocap (SR). METHODS Ninety-six samples were prepared and divided into four groups as follows. Group A consisted of 3DP (Asiga DentaBASE, Asiga) fabricated using a manufacturer-recommended 3D printer (Asiga Pro 4k, Asiga). Group B comprised milled PMMA (MP) (Ivotion Base, Ivoclar Vivadent). Group C included PA (BredentSenden), meanwhile, group D involved SR (Ivoclar VivadentSchaan). Cuboid samples (65 mm x 10 mm x 2.5 mm) were used for biaxial flexure strength testing in a universal testing machine (UTM). Cylindrical samples of 20 mm x 40 mm were used for compressive strength testing in a UTM. Additionally, cuboid samples (65 mm x 10 mm x 2.5 mm) were used for Vickers surface hardness testing in a microhardness tester. disk samples (10 mm x 2.5 mm) were employed for color stability testing both in a coffee solution and Coca-Cola, using a digital spectrophotometer. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc analysis (α=0.05). RESULTS MP demonstrated superior compressive strength (p = 0.002) and color stability compared to that exhibited by 3DP (p < 0.001) while displaying similar flexure strength (p = 0.336) and hardness (p = 0.708). MP and PA displayed similar compressive strength (p = 0.081), flexure strength (p = 0.159), and color stability in coke (p = 0.071). However, MP had reduced hardness (p < 0.001) and color stability in coffee (p < 0.001). Moreover, MP demonstrated a higher compressive strength (p < 0.001) than that displayed by SR. However, the flexure strength, hardness, and color stability were similar (p > 0.05). Furthermore, 3DP exhibited comparable compressive strength (p = 0.334) to that of PA but demonstrated significantly lower flexure strength (p = 0.005), hardness (p < 0.001), and color stability (p < 0.001) compared to PA. In comparison to SR, PA had a higher compressive strength (p < 0.001), hardness (p = 0.001), and color stability in coffee (p < 0.001), although they demonstrated similar (p > 0.05) flexure strength and color stability in coke. CONCLUSIONS The MP and PA demonstrated superior compressive strength than that exhibited by the other materials tested. The tested materials had similar flexure strengths, except for PA which demonstrated superiority over the 3DP. Among all tested materials, PA exhibited the highest hardness, while the 3DP was the least color-stable. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Considering the mechanical properties and color stability, Polyan and milled polymethylmethacrylate are preferred for complete denture fabrication. However, the limited repairability and complex handling of Polyan should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ojasvini Arora
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College And Hospitals, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Nabeel Ahmed
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College And Hospitals, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanraj Ganapathy
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College And Hospitals, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Srinivasan
- Clinic of General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich 8032, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bahrami R, Gharibpour F, Pourhajibagher M, Bahador A. The flexural strength of orthodontic acrylic resin containing resveratrol nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: An in vitro study. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100846. [PMID: 38340527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate how the addition of resveratrol nanoparticles (RNPs), which act as an antimicrobial agent, affects the strength of acrylic resin used in orthodontics. METHODS According to ISO 20795-1-2013, 76 cold cure acrylic resin samples (65×10×3.3mm) were prepared. The samples were divided into four groups (19 samples in each group) based on RN concentrations added to 1mL acrylic monomer (0 for control, 256, 512, and 1024μg/mL). Flexural strength was assessed in megapascal (MPa) using a universal testing machine. Data analysis involved nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and pairwise post-hoc Dunn's test. RESULTS The flexural strength decreased as the concentration of RNPs increased, with the lowest value observed at 1024μg/mL (63.06±5.33MPa). The control group exhibited the highest mean of flexural strength (88.43±4.41MPa), followed by the groups with RNPs at the concentrations of 256μg/mL (82.69±4.41MPa) and 512μg/mL (76.02±4.59MPa). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the addition of RNs to orthodontic acrylic resin had a dose-dependent impact on its flexural strength. Based on the findings, we recommend incorporating RNs at a concentration of 256μg/mL as an antimicrobial agent in orthodontic acrylic resin. However, further research is necessary to assess the long-term effects and clinical applications of this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashin Bahrami
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fateme Gharibpour
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, BioHealth Lab, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Borg H, Azer SS, El Hadary A, Helaly O, Shoeib A, Hassan M. Evaluation of enamel wear by 3 occlusal splint materials: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:743.e1-743.e6. [PMID: 37743141 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Occlusal devices used to manage bruxism have been commonly fabricated from polymethyl methacrylate with the powder-liquid technique. More recently, Vertex ThermoSens (VTS) and the biocompatible high-performance polymer (BioHPP), an optimized material having polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as its basis, have been used, but little is known about the wear of these materials on human enamel. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess via a mastication simulation test how 3 occlusal device materials affected the wear and roughness of enamel antagonists. MATERIAL AND METHODS A noncontact 3D optical profilometer was used to measure the enamel surface roughness (Ra) against 3 occlusal device materials: vertex regular, VTS, and PEEK high-performance polymer (BioHPP). A dual-axis mastication simulator was used to perform a 2-body wear test on specimens from each group. The test consisted of 10 000 cycles with a 70-N force and 5 to 55 °C thermocycling. Following simulated mastication, the weight of each specimen and the Ra change were compared with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired specimens t test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and 1-way analysis of variance (α=.05). RESULTS The polyamide group caused the lowest amount of enamel wear (P<.05), while the heat-polymerized acrylic resin group induced the largest amount of enamel wear (P<.05). For polyamide and PEEK, the change in enamel surface roughness exhibited a smooth texture, whereas it found a rougher surface for the heat-polymerized acrylic resin. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, surface roughness and wear on human enamel were not correlated. PEEK is a promising material for the fabrication of occlusal devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Borg
- Assistant Professor of Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Alsalam University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Shereen S Azer
- Associate Professor and Chair, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Amany El Hadary
- Professor, Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Adjunct Professor of Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Osama Helaly
- Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Shoeib
- Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Hassan
- Lecturer of Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alhamdan MM. Application of Laser Treatment in Adhesive Bonding of Liners to Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Resins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:608-621. [PMID: 37910776 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of laser treatment on adhesive bonding of liners to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resins. Methods: The focused question was: "Does the application of laser treatment (Intervention) influence the adhesive bonding strength (Outcome) of liners to PMMA denture base resins (Population) as compared with untreated or unconditioned surfaces (Control)?" In vitro and clinical reports as well as reports on influence of laser treatments on bonding strength of liners to PMMA denture resins in comparison with untreated surfaces were included. Reports without any control group[s], without any application of laser[s] for PMMA denture bases that did not utilize PMMA denture bases, and not evaluate bond strength of PMMA denture base resins were excluded. An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Meta-analyses were performed for calculating the standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Nine of the 12 included studies found that laser irradiation treatment produced significant surface texture alterations of the PMMA denture base and improved the adhesion between the PMMA denture base and soft lining. According to the meta-analysis, tensile bond strength showed an SMD of -2.49% (95% CI: -3.89 to -1.08; p = 0.0005), suggesting a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups (i.e., favoring laser-treated samples than untreated samples). Regarding shear bond strength scores, the outcomes showed an SMD of -2.24% (95% CI: -3.79 to -0.69; p = 0.005), suggesting a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups (i.e., favoring laser-treated samples than untreated samples). Conclusions: Despite the high heterogeneity among the included studies, it can be concluded that laser treatment might improve the bonding strengths of liners to PMMA denture base resins as compared with untreated surfaces. To validate the aforementioned conclusions, further verification is required through the implementation of well-designed randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Alhamdan
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Le Bars P, Bandiaky ON, Le Guéhennec L, Clouet R, Kouadio AA. Different Polymers for the Base of Removable Dentures? Part I: A Narrative Review of Mechanical and Physical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3495. [PMID: 37688123 PMCID: PMC10490543 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Even before considering their introduction into the mouth, the choice of materials for the optimization of the prosthesis depends on specific parameters such as their biocompatibility, solidity, resistance, and longevity. In the first part of this two-part review, we approach the various mechanical characteristics that affect this choice, which are closely related to the manufacturing process. Among the materials currently available, it is mainly polymers that are suitable for this use in this field. Historically, the most widely used polymer has been polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), but more recently, polyamides (nylon) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) have provided interesting advantages. The incorporation of certain molecules into these polymers will lead to modifications aimed at improving the mechanical properties of the prosthetic bases. In the second part of the review, the safety aspects of prostheses in the oral ecosystem (fragility of the undercuts of soft/hard tissues, neutral pH of saliva, and stability of the microbiota) are addressed. The microbial colonization of the prosthesis, in relation to the composition of the material used and its surface conditions (roughness, hydrophilicity), is of primary importance. Whatever the material and manufacturing process chosen, the coating or finishes dependent on the surface condition remain essential (polishing, non-stick coating) for limiting microbial colonization. The objective of this narrative review is to compile an inventory of the mechanical and physical properties as well as the clinical conditions likely to guide the choice between polymers for the base of removable prostheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Le Bars
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Octave Nadile Bandiaky
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Laurent Le Guéhennec
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Roselyne Clouet
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Alain Ayepa Kouadio
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Hospital Center, Abidjan P.O. Box 612, Côte d’Ivoire
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prpic V, Spehar F, Stajdohar D, Bjelica R, Cimic S, Par M. Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Occlusal Splint Materials. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:199. [PMID: 37623295 PMCID: PMC10453325 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Data regarding the mechanical properties of three-dimensionally (3D) printed materials for occlusal splint manufacturing are scarce. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the flexural strength and surface hardness of modern 3D-printed occlusal splint materials and compare them with two control groups, namely, milled and conventional cold-polymerized occlusal splint materials. A total of 140 rectangular specimens were manufactured for the present study. The specimens were prepared in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization standards (ISO 20795-1:2013). Five 3D-printed (NextDent Ortho Rigid, Dental LT Clear, Dentona Flexisplint, Cosmos Bite Splint, and ProArt Print Splint), one milled (ProArt CAD Splint), and one cold-polymerized (ProBase Cold) occlusal splint materials were used to determine flexural strength and surface hardness values. The three-point flexure test was used for the determination of flexural strength values, while Vickers hardness was measured to determine surface hardness. Ten specimens (n = 10) of each material were tested using these procedures. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test were used to analyze the obtained results (α = 0.05). The values of flexural strength ranged from 46.1 ± 8.2 MPa to 106 ± 8.3 MPa. The Vickers hardness values ranged from 4.9 ± 0.5 VHN to 20.6 ± 1.3 VHN. Significant differences were found among the tested materials (p < 0.0001). The milled and cold-polymerized materials yielded higher values for both flexural strength (only one 3D-printed resin had comparable results to cold-polymerized acrylics) and surface hardness. There are differences in the mechanical properties of the various tested occlusal splint materials. The flexural strength of most of the 3D-printed materials and their surface hardness values are still inferior when compared to the milled or cold-polymerized materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Prpic
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Filipa Spehar
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (F.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Dominik Stajdohar
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (F.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Roko Bjelica
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Samir Cimic
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Falahchai M, Ghavami-Lahiji M, Rasaie V, Amin M, Neshandar Asli H. Comparison of mechanical properties, surface roughness, and color stability of 3D-printed and conventional heat-polymerizing denture base materials. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:266.e1-266.e8. [PMID: 37422420 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Studies on the mechanical, optical, and surface properties of 3-dimensionally (3D) printed denture base materials are scarce, and those available have reported conflicting results. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the mechanical properties, surface roughness, and color stability of 3D-printed and conventional heat-polymerizing denture base materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 34 rectangular specimens (64×10×3.3 mm) were fabricated from each of the conventional (SR Triplex Hot; Ivoclar AG) and 3D-printed (Denta base; Asiga) denture base materials. All specimens underwent coffee thermocycling for 5000 cycles, and half in each group (n=17) were evaluated in terms of color parameters, color change (ΔE00), and surface roughness (Ra) before and after coffee thermocycling. The specimens then underwent a 3-point bend test. The remaining specimens in each group (n=17) underwent impact strength and Vickers hardness testing. Data were analyzed by the paired samples, independent samples, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests (α=.05). RESULTS The color change caused by coffee thermocycling in the 3D-printed group was higher than that in the conventional group (P<.001). Surface roughness significantly increased in both groups after coffee thermocycling (P<.001). The conventional group had higher surface roughness before coffee thermocycling, while the 3D-printed group had higher surface roughness after coffee thermocycling (P<.001). The flexural strength, flexural modulus, and surface hardness in the conventional group were significantly higher than those in the 3D-printed group (P<.001). However, the impact strength of the conventional group was lower than that of the 3D-printed group (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printed denture base material showed higher impact strength and surface roughness than the conventional heat-polymerizing acrylic resin. However, flexural strength and modulus, surface hardness, and color stability were lower in the 3D-printed group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Falahchai
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrsima Ghavami-Lahiji
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Assistant Professor, Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Vanya Rasaie
- Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Assistant Professor, Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Graduate student, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamid Neshandar Asli
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Assistant Professor, Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vuksic J, Pilipovic A, Poklepovic Pericic T, Kranjcic J. Tensile Bond Strength between Different Denture Base Materials and Soft Denture Liners. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4615. [PMID: 37444928 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Various materials are available for CAD-CAM denture base fabrication, for both additive and subtractive manufacturing. However, little has been reported on bond strength to soft denture liners. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate tensile bond strength, comparing between different denture base materials and soft denture liners. (2) Methods: Seven different materials were used for denture base fabrication: one heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate, three materials for subtractive manufacturing, two materials for additive manufacturing and one polyamide. Two materials were used for soft denture lining: one silicone-based and one acrylate-based. The study was conducted according to the specification ISO No. 10139-2:2016, and the type of failure was determined. The Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc test was used to analyse the values of tensile bond strength, and Fisher's exact test was used to analyse the type of failure. p Values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. (3) Results: The tensile bond strength values were not statistically significantly different combining all the materials used for denture base fabrication with the acrylate-based soft denture liner (p > 0.05), and the average values ranged between 0.19 and 0.25 Mpa. The tensile bond strength values of the different denture base materials and silicone-based denture liner were statistically significantly different (p < 0.05), and the average values ranged between 1.49 and 3.07 Mpa. The type of failure was predominantly adhesive between polyamide and both additive-manufactured denture base materials in combination with the acrylate-based soft liner (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: The use of digital technologies in denture base fabrication can have an influence on different tensile bond strength values for soft denture liners, with different types of failure when compared with heat-cured PMMA. Similar tensile bond strength values were found between the acrylate-based soft denture liner and denture base materials. Significant differences in tensile bond strength values were found between the silicone-based soft denture liner and denture base materials, where the additive-manufactured and polyamide denture base materials showed lower values than heat-cured PMMA and subtractive-manufactured denture base materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josip Vuksic
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Dubrava, Av. Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Pilipovic
- Department of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Poklepovic Pericic
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Josip Kranjcic
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
AYAZ EAYDOĞAN, ALADAĞ SÜSTÜN. Effect of cigarette smoke and denture cleansers on the surface properties and color stability of CAD-CAM and conventional denture base resins. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:167-176. [PMID: 36476683 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the hardness, roughness, and color stability of heat- and microwave-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyamide, and CAD-CAM PMMA resins when exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) and immersed in a denture cleanser (DC). Specimens of each resins were divided into four subgroups (n=10). The DC and CS+DC specimens were immersed in a DC; the CS and CS+DC specimens were exposed to CS; and the control (C) specimens were kept in distilled water. Hardness, roughness, and color measurements were performed. DC and CS significantly affected the roughness and color of all resins (p<0.05). However, these did not affect the hardness of the CAD-CAM PMMA resin (p>0.05). The CAD-CAM PMMA resin presented the lowest roughness, highest hardness, and lowest ΔE00 values. While the roughness of all resins exposed to CS when immersed in DC decreased, the ΔE00 values of the conventional PMMAs also decreased. Although this decreases were not significant, it may be advisable to use DC for smokers to decrease discoloration and roughness especially for conventional PMMAs resins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif AYDOĞAN AYAZ
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University
| | - Seda ÜSTÜN ALADAĞ
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludağ University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Al-Dwairi ZN, Al Haj Ebrahim AA, Baba NZ. A Comparison of the Surface and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printable Denture-Base Resin Material and Conventional Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). J Prosthodont 2023; 32:40-48. [PMID: 35119168 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the surface and mechanical properties of 3D printed denture-base resin materials and compare them with conventional heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three brands of 3D printed denture-base resin materials and one conventional heat-cured PMMA were tested in this study: NextDent 3D printed resin, Dentona 3D printed resin, ASIGA 3D printed resin, and Meliodent conventional PMMA. Sixty specimens (25 × 25 × 3 mm) were fabricated (n=15 per group) to perform the following tests: wettability, surface roughness, and microhardness. One hundred twenty specimens (65 × 10 × 3 mm) were fabricated (n=30 per group) and stored in distilled water at (37 ±1°C) for 7 days. Specimens (N = 15) in each group were subjected to the three-point bending test and impact strength test, employing the Charpy configuration on un-notched specimens. The morphology of the fractured specimens was studied under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey-pairwise multiple comparisons with 95% confidence interval. P-values of ≤0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS The conventional heat-cured specimens demonstrated the highest means of surface roughness (0.23 ± 0.07 μm), Vickers hardness number (18.11 ±0.65) and flexural strength (92.44 ±7.91 MPa), and the lowest mean of contact angle (66.71° ±3.38°). ASIGA group showed the highest mean of contact angle (73.44° ±2.74°) and the lowest mean of surface roughness (0.19 ±0.03 μm). The highest mean of impact strength was recorded in the Dentona group (17.98 ±1.76 kg/m2 ). NextDent specimens showed the lowest means of Vickers hardness number (16.20 ±0.93), flexural strength (74.89 ±8.44 MPa), impact strength (15.20 ±0.69 kg/m2 ), and recorded the highest mean of bending modulus (2,115.80 ±178.95 MPa). CONCLUSIONS 3D printed resin exhibited noticeable differences in surface and mechanical properties between different brands and with conventional heat-polymerized PMMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad N Al-Dwairi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdulkareem A Al Haj Ebrahim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nadim Z Baba
- Advanced Specialty Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, CA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zeidan AAEL, Sherif AF, Baraka Y, Abualsaud R, Abdelrahim RA, Gad MM, Helal MA. Evaluation of the Effect of Different Construction Techniques of CAD-CAM Milled, 3D-Printed, and Polyamide Denture Base Resins on Flexural Strength: An In Vitro Comparative Study. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:77-82. [PMID: 35343012 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the flexural strength of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled denture base resin (DBR), 3D-printed DBR, polyamide, and conventional compression-molded DBR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six denture base resins were used, one conventional heat-polymerized (Vertex), two milled CAD-CAM (AvaDent and Polident), two 3D-printed (Harz and NextDent), and one flexible polyamide (Polyamide). According to ISO 20795-1:2013, 60 specimens (65×10×3 mm) were constructed and divided into six groups (n = 10), according to DBR type. The flexural strength was measured using a universal testing machine and three-point loading test. Data were collected and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's pair-wise post hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS One-way ANOVA results showed significant differences in flexural strengths between the tested DBRs (p˂0.001). Milled denture base resins (AvaDent and Polident) had significantly higher flexural strength values than the other groups (p˂0.001) and were followed by Vertex and NextDent, while Polyamide and Harz had the lowest values. Polyamide and Harz denture base resins had significantly lower flexural strength values than conventional denture base resin (p˂0.001). CONCLUSION CAD-CAM milled DBRs showed the highest flexural strength when compared with conventional compression-molded or 3D-printed DBRs, while 3D-printed DBRs and polyamide showed the lowest flexural strengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abd El-Latif Zeidan
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Badr University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fadlallah Sherif
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sinai University, North Sina, Egypt
| | - Yasser Baraka
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sinai University, North Sina, Egypt
| | - Reem Abualsaud
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramy Abdallah Abdelrahim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Helal
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alaseef N, Albasarah S, Al Abdulghani H, Al-Harbi FA, Gad MM, Akhtar S, Khan SQ, Ateeq IS, Al-Qarni FD. CAD-CAM Fabricated Denture Base Resins: In Vitro Investigation of the Minimum Acceptable Denture Base Thickness. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:799-805. [PMID: 35102627 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of reducing material thickness on flexural properties of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) denture base resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four CAD-CAM denture base acrylic resin materials were selected; two were made via the subtractive method (AvaDent and IvoCad) and two were made with the additive method (FormLabs and NextDent). One heat-polymerized denture base material was used as a control. Specimens were fabricated with varying thicknesses (n = 10/group): 3.3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2 mm, or 1.5 mm. Flexural strength was evaluated via a three-point bending test. One- and two-way ANOVA were used for data analysis along with Tukey's post hoc comparison (α = 0.05). RESULTS Reducing the thickness of materials made via the subtractive method did not influence flexural strength up to 2 mm (p > 0.05). However, the difference was significant at a 1.5 mm thickness (p ˂ 0.001). For materials made via the additive method, NextDent specimens had no significant decrease in flexural strength when the thickness was reduced to 2 mm (p = 0.58). FormLabs specimens showed a significant decrease (p ˂ 0.001), although the values of flexural strength were clinically acceptable. During testing, specimens manufactured via the additive method at a 1.5 mm thickness bent without fracturing and were therefore excluded. All materials showed a reduction in elastic modulus as the thickness decreased (p ˂ 0.001). CONCLUSION Heat-polymerized, AvaDent, and IvoCad materials may be used for denture base fabrication at a minimum thickness of 1.5 mm. FormLabs and NextDent may be fabricated at a 2 mm minimum thickness, with clinically acceptable flexural properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nawarah Alaseef
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Albasarah
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Al Abdulghani
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Harbi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soban Q Khan
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal D Al-Qarni
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gouveia Z, Finer Y, Santerre JP. Towards the development of biostable dental resin systems - design criteria and constraints beyond ester-free chemistries. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1827-1840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
14
|
Chuchulska B, Hristov I, Dochev B, Raychev R. Changes in the Surface Texture of Thermoplastic (Monomer-Free) Dental Materials Due to Some Minor Alterations in the Laboratory Protocol-Preliminary Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6633. [PMID: 36233975 PMCID: PMC9570521 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary thermoplastic monomer-free prosthetic materials are widely used nowadays, and there are a great variety available on the market. These materials are of interest in terms of the improvement of the quality features of the removable dentures. The aim of this study is to establish how minimal changes in the laboratory protocol of polyamide prosthetic base materials influence the surface texture. Two polyamide materials intended for the fabrication of removable dentures bases were used-Perflex Biosens (BS) and VertexTM ThermoSens (TS). A total number of 20 coin-shaped samples were prepared. They were injected under two different modes-regular, as provided by the manufacturer, and modified, proposed by the authors of this study. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) under four magnifications-×1000, ×3000, ×5000, and ×10,000-was conducted. With minimal alterations to the melting temperature (5 °C) and the pressure (0.5 Bar), in Biosens, no changes in terms of surface improvement were found, whereas in ThermoSens, the surface roughness of the material significantly changed in terms of roughness reduction. By modifying the technological mode during injection molding, a smoother surface was achieved in one of the studied materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bozhana Chuchulska
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ilian Hristov
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Boyan Dochev
- Department of Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Sofia, Branch Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Raycho Raychev
- Department of Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Sofia, Branch Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effects of sliding velocity on microscratch responses of thermoplastics by Berkovich indenter. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Fouda SM, Gad MM, Abualsaud R, Ellakany P, AlRumaih HS, Khan SQ, Akhtar S, Al-Qarni FD, Al-Harbi FA. Flexural Properties and Hardness of CAD-CAM Denture Base Materials. J Prosthodont 2022; 32:318-324. [PMID: 35567362 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness of CAD-CAM milled, 3D-printed, and heat-polymerized denture base resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 specimens were fabricated from heat-polymerized acrylic resin (HP), milled resin (Avadent and IvoCad), and 3D-printed resin (ASIGA, FormLabs, and NextDent). The specimens were divided into 6 groups according to the type of denture base material n = 20/material, (10/flexural properties and 10/hardness). Flexural strength and elastic modulus of the specimens were evaluated by 3-point bending test and surface hardness by Vickers hardness test. To test flexural properties, the specimens were fabricated according to ISO 20795-1:2013 standards (64×10×3.3 ±0.2 mm). The dimensions for hardness test were 15×10×2.5 ±0.2 mm. Scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the surface morphology of the fractured specimens. The means and standard deviations were calculated, followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Milled resins showed significantly higher values for flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness, followed by HP then 3D-printed resins (P<0.001). In between milled groups, flexural strength of AvaDent was significantly higher than IvoCad (P<0.001), while elastic modulus and hardness didn't show significant difference. In between 3D-printed resins, ASIGA showed the highest flexural strength and elastic modulus, insignificantly with FormLabs (P = 0.595) and significantly with NextDent (P = 0.008). ASIGA also showed significantly the highest hardness among the 3D-printed groups. No significant difference was found between FormLabs and NextDent flexural strength (P = 0.357), elastic modulus (P = 1.00) and surface hardness (P = 0.987). CONCLUSION CAD-CAM milled resins had greater flexural properties and hardness compared to heat-polymerized acrylic resin and 3D-printed resins. Although 3D-printed samples showed the lowest values of tested properties, the flexural strength and modulus were above the clinically acceptable values. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Fouda
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Abualsaud
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad S AlRumaih
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soban Q Khan
- Department of Clinical Affairs, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal D Al-Qarni
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Harbi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Removable Partial Denture Frameworks in the Age of Digital Dentistry: A Review of the Literature. PROSTHESIS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis4020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alloys of cobalt chromium have been used for decades to create frameworks for removable partial dentures. While cobalt chromium has multiple advantages, such as strength and light weight, the casting process is laborious and requires special care to ensure that human error is minimized. Furthermore, the display of metal clasps in these frameworks may be considered a limitation at times, especially with esthetically demanding patients. The introduction of digital technology to manufacturing in dentistry has brought forward new methods of fabricating cobalt chromium frameworks, some of which eliminate the casting process. Moreover, the development of high-performance polymers for use as removable partial denture frameworks brings multiple advantages, but raises concerns over design guidelines and principles. This review examines alternatives to conventionally cast frameworks so that clinicians may make evidence-based decisions when choosing framework materials and fabrication methods in the rapidly advancing world of digital dentistry.
Collapse
|
18
|
Tulbah HI. Anticandidal efficacy on Polymide based denture resin using Photodynamic therapy, chemical and herbal disinfectants and their effect on surface roughness and hardness. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
19
|
Analysis of the residual monomer content in milled and 3D-printed removable CAD-CAM Murali complete dentures: an in vitro study. J Dent 2022; 120:104094. [PMID: 35301079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the elution of methylmethacrylate from CAD-CAM manufactured removable complete dentures (RCDs) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). METHODS Thirty-two RCDs were manufactured following either the CNC-milling (Milled: n=8) or the 3D-printing (n=24) protocols. The 3D-printed dentures were further categorized into three groups based on their post-production rinsing cycles [Extended wash cycle (EWC), Standard wash cycle (SWC), and SWC and additional Durécon coating (SWC2)]. HPLC was used to evaluate the methylmethacrylate concentrations (MMCs) eluted from the dentures in each group for different time periods (1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours). Mean and standard deviations were calculated for the MMCs; data was verified for normal distribution, ANOVA and post hoc tests were applied for statistical analyses (⍺=0.05). RESULTS The HPLC revealed that all the denture groups recorded some amounts of MMCs, with significant differences [F (3, 31) = 23.646, p<0.0001]. The milled denture group had the highest MMCs at 24 hours when compared to the EWC (p<0.0001), SWC (p=0.001), and SWC2 (p<0.0001) denture groups. SWC had a higher MMC than EWC (p=0.032) and SWC2 (p=0.015). No differences were found in MMCs when comparing EWC and SWC2 (p=0.989). CONCLUSION Methylmethacrylate concentrations were significantly lower in 3D-printed RCDs than in milled RCDs when using the resins employed in this study. Furthermore, the MMCs can be further decreased in the 3D-printed RCDs when coated with an additional thin protective layer (Durécon) by following the manufacturer-recommended rinsing protocol or when an extended isopropanol wash cycle is adopted.
Collapse
|
20
|
Gibreel M, Perea-Lowery L, Vallittu PK, Lassila L. Characterization of occlusal splint materials: CAD-CAM versus conventional resins. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104813. [PMID: 34530298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the mechanical properties of five commercially available subtractive computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled splint materials, as well as to compare them with conventional heat-polymerized and autopolymerizing resins used in the construction of conventional splints. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five CAD-CAM milled (ProArt CAD Splint, Therapon Transpa, Temp Premium Flexible Transpa, Cast, and Aqua), one autopolymerizing (Palapress), and one heat-polymerized (Paladon 65) resin materials were evaluated. Flexural strength, E-modulus, Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, fracture work, water sorption, and water solubility were measured. Samples were evaluated after dry and water storage for 30 days at 37 °C. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Under both storage circumstances, the flexural strength values of Paladon 65, Therapon Transpa, Temp Premium Flexible Transpa, and Aqua were statistically non-significant (P=0.055). The polycarbonate-based CAD-CAM material Temp Premium Flexible Transpa had the highest statistically significant values of the fracture toughness and fracture work (P<0.001). Moreover, it exhibited the lowest percentages of water sorption and water solubility among the investigated materials (P<0.001). All of the CAD-CAM materials exhibited dry elastic moduli greater than Palapress and lower than Paladon 65. One of the CAD-CAM materials, Cast, had the highest dry Vickers hardness value, which was non-significant when compared to Therapon Transpa (P=0.762). CONCLUSION CAD-CAM polycarbonate-based splint materials exhibit higher fracture toughness and fracture work as well as lower water sorption and solubility than polymethyl methacrylate-based ones. The mechanical characteristics of the assessed CAD-CAM milled splint materials were not typically superior to those of the conventional heat-polymerized resin. However, some of them outperformed the autopolymerizing acrylic resin in terms of flexural strength, surface microhardness, water sorption, and water solubility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Gibreel
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Leila Perea-Lowery
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Professor and Chair of Biomaterials Science Department, University of Turku, Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - Lippo Lassila
- Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Unver S, Yildirim AZ. Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. Eur Oral Res 2021; 55:116-123. [PMID: 34746782 PMCID: PMC8547749 DOI: 10.26650/eor.2021872015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate flexural strength, elastic modulus and dynamic
mechanical analysis (DMA) of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin,
polyamide resin and glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. Materials and methods: Three groups were determined according to denture base materials as polymethyl
methacrylate resin (H), polyamide resin (P) and glass fiber reinforced polyamide
resin (R). Sixteen specimens for each denture base material were prepared with
dimensions of 64x10x3.3 mm for three-point bending test. Two specimens for each
denture base material were prepared with dimensions of 30x10x3 mm for DMA.
Polymethyl methacrylate and polyamide specimens were prepared according to
the manufacturer’s recommendations. The silane was applied to glass fibers (4.5
mm length) 2% by weight of the polyamide resin, they were placed in polyamide
resin cartilages and injected to the mold. The thermal aging procedure was applied
to half of specimens of each material (n=8). Flexural strength and elastic modulus
of the specimens were determined by three-point bending test at a speed of 5 mm/
min. DMA was performed to 1 specimen from each group to evaluate viscoelastic
properties. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Tukey and Paired t tests. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in flexural strength and elastic
modulus values of denture base materials (p=0.00). The highest flexural strength
and elastic modulus values were observed in polymethyl methacrylate group.
There was no significant difference between polyamide and glass-fiber reinforced
polyamide groups (p=0.497). No significant difference was determined in all threedenture
base materials before and after aging procedure. Conclusion: The reinforcement with glass-fibers did not affect the flexural strength and elastic
modulus of polyamide resin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senem Unver
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara,Turkey
| | - Arzu Zeynep Yildirim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara,Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
3D Printing of Polyamide to Fabricate a Non-Metal Clasp Removable Partial Denture via Fused Filament Fabrication: A Case Report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168241. [PMID: 34443993 PMCID: PMC8393887 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of a non-metal clasp removable partial denture (RPD) using polymethylmethacrylate in a fully digital workflow has been reported. According to some studies, the polyamide material may be alternatively used for this purpose. The authors are unaware of any reports concerning the additive manufacturing of polyamide. The current proof-of-concept dental technique describes the pathway to construct the non-metal clasp RPD using intraoral scanning and fused filament fabrication (FFF) printing of gingiva-colored polyamide. The present RPD showed acceptable fit and sufficient retention and was considered a valid temporary treatment option.
Collapse
|
23
|
Modern partial dentures - part 2: a review of novel metal-free materials and innovations in polymers. Br Dent J 2021; 230:813-818. [PMID: 34172865 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
New materials are continuously being developed and advanced for the provision of partial dentures. However, the rate at which they are developing makes it hard for the clinician to discern which would be worth adopting into their practice.This paper looks at some of those materials, including the earlier alternatives to conventional acrylic resins, polyamides and acetal resin, followed by a review of the newer novel polymers that are currently in use, including aryl-ketone-polymers and the polymer group polyaryletherketones.The newer polymers have many similarities, in both properties and aesthetics, such as increased elasticity that allows the dentures to engage deeper undercuts, while maintaining high strength. A significant benefit of the novel polymers is in their ability to fit into a digital workflow. Computer-aided design and manufacture confer a high degree of consistency, efficiency and accuracy in the prosthesis. The ability to use precise digital tools to create frameworks and clasps of accurate parameters limits the introduction of technical error that has the potential to be introduced in the construction of a conventional cobalt-chrome framework.The novel high-performance polymers show great promise. Research is needed on these materials investigating the effects on oral health, longevity and survival of the appliances, as well as studies looking at patient satisfaction and the impact on quality of life.
Collapse
|
24
|
de Oliveira Limírio JPJ, Gomes JMDL, Alves Rezende MCR, Lemos CAA, Rosa CDDRD, Pellizzer EP. Mechanical properties of polymethyl methacrylate as a denture base: Conventional versus CAD-CAM resin - A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:1221-1229. [PMID: 34030891 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The development of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) resin blocks with reported improved mechanical properties has simplified complete denture production. However, whether the objective of improved mechanical properties has been achieved compared with conventional heat-polymerized PMMA is not yet clear. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the mechanical properties of denture base resins manufactured by conventional heat-polymerization and by CAD-CAM in terms of flexural strength, flexural modulus, and surface roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science) were independently searched by 2 researchers for relevant studies published up to November 2020. The population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) question was, "Does the conventionally manufactured, heat-polymerized PMMA resin, as a denture base, demonstrate the same mechanical properties as the CAD-CAM resin block?" In addition, a meta-analysis was based on the inverse variance method. Flexural strength, flexural modulus, and surface roughness were analyzed through the continuous outcome evaluated by mean difference and standard deviation, with 95% confidence intervals. To evaluated heterogeneity, the I2 value (≤25%=low, ≥50%=moderate and ≥75%=high) and the P value were considered. P<.10 indicated statistical difference for heterogeneity. The effects of meta-analysis were based on the results of heterogeneity as per the studies. RESULTS Thirteen in vitro studies were included in the analysis. A total of 507 specimens were evaluated, 222 conventional and 285 CAD-CAM. In terms of flexural strength, the data showed no significant difference when conventional heat-polymerized PMMA was compared with CAD-CAM PMMA resins (P=.06; mean difference=18.28; 95% confidence interval:-0.42 to 36.97). In terms of flexural modulus, there was a significant difference for the CAD-CAM PMMA group (P=.01; mean difference=589.22; 95% confidence interval: 117.95 to 1060.48). In terms of surface roughness, a significant difference was observed between the groups (P=.02; mean difference=-0.53; 95% confidence interval: -0.97 to -0.09) with the conventional heat-polymerized PMMA resin having higher surface roughness values. CONCLUSIONS The mechanical properties of CAD-CAM PMMA resins were generally improved when compared with heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jéssica Marcela de Luna Gomes
- Postgraduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo Lemos
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Dentistry (Division of Prosthodontics), Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF-GV), Governador Valadres, Minas Gerai, Brazil
| | - Cleber Davi Del Rei Daltro Rosa
- Postgraduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Piza Pellizzer
- Full Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chaturvedi S, Addas MK, Alqahtani NM, Al Ahmari NM, Alfarsi MA. Clinical analysis of CAD-CAM milled and printed complete dentures using computerized occlusal force analyser. Technol Health Care 2021; 29:797-811. [PMID: 33749624 DOI: 10.3233/thc-202766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital complete dentures (CDs) by computer-aided designing and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) techniques (milling and three-dimensional (3-D) printing) have been evaluated clinically and provided satisfactory results. But clinical studies assessing occlusal forces by digital dentures are lacking. OBJECTIVES To compare the occlusal force parameters in complete dentures (CDs) fabricated by milling, 3-D printing and conventional techniques having 3 commonly used occlusal schemes, using computerized occlusal force analysis system (Tech-Scan III- T-Scan III). METHODS A total of 45 CDs were fabricated for 5 patients. Nine sets of CDs were made for each patient and were divided into 3 groups: Conventional CDs (CCD), Milled CDs (MCD), and 3-D printed CDs (3-DP CD). The CDs in each group were further divided into 3 sub-groups based on occlusion schemes - bilateral balanced (BBO), lingualized (LO) and mono plane (MP). Occlusal force analysis [percentage (%) of occlusal force applied on the right and left sides of the arch difference between them, centralization of forces and % of maximum occlusal/bite force] was done using computerized occlusal analysis system (T-Scan III) at the time of denture insertion. Univariate regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed (p< 0.05). RESULTS The intergroup comparison of force distribution on right and left side in CDs fabricated by various techniques showed insignificant differences (p> 0.05) but statistically significant differences (p< 0.01) were found in right-left side force difference, maximum bite force % and centralization of forces. The maximum force difference on right and left side was observed CCD with MO (37.48 ± 1.03 N) and maximum occlusal-bite force % was observed for 3-DPCD with LO (95.40 ± 1.30 N). In comparison to 3-DP CD, the chances of centre of force out of ellipse (centralization of forces) was 3.36 and 2.15 times more in CCD and MCD techniques made CDs respectively. CONCLUSIONS The occlusal parameters in CDs were affected by the fabrication techniques and occlusal schemes of CDs. The digital CDs retain adjusted occlusal schemes better and 3-DP CDs with BBO and LO occlusal schemes provided centralization of forces, better distribution and high maximum occlusal force % respectively.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chaturvedi S, Addas MK, Alqahtani NM, Al Ahmari NM, Alfarsi MA. Computerized occlusal forces analysis in complete dentures fabricated by additive and subtractive techniques. Technol Health Care 2021; 29:781-795. [PMID: 33720863 DOI: 10.3233/thc-202736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fabrication of complete dentures by computer-aided designing and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) techniques are now common. Subtractive and Additive are the two principal CAD-CAM techniques used for this purpose. However, studies that evaluated the occlusal forces by CDs manufactured by these techniques are lacking. OBJECTIVES To compare the occlusal forces in complete dentures fabricated by additive, subtractive and conventional techniques with different occlusal schemes, using computerized occlusal force analysis system [Tech-Scan III (T-Scan III)]. METHODS Three groups (Gr) were made on the basis of techniques of fabrication of CDs: Conventional CDs (CCD), Subtractive CDs (SCD), and Additive CDs (ACD). Each group CDs were further divided into three sub groups based on occlusion schemes: bilateral balanced occlusion (BBO), lingualized occlusion (LO) and mono plane occlusion (MO). A total of 45 CDs were made: 15 in each group with 5 CDs of each occlusal scheme. For all samples, occlusal force analysis (percentage of occlusal force applied on the right and left sides of the arch, centralization of forces and percentage of maximum occlusal force) was done using computerized occlusal analysis system: T-Scan III. Univariate regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to find the effects of the technique of fabrication and occlusion scheme over the occlusal forces (p< 0.05). RESULTS The intergroup comparison revealed statistically significant differences (p< 0.01) in right-left side force difference, maximum bite force in CDs fabricated by various techniques and with different occlusion schemes. Though the effect of occlusion scheme was more than the technique of fabrication (according to effect size estimation). The maximum force difference between right-left side was observed in combination of CCD technique and MO scheme (36.88 ± 2.82 N). Furthermore, the maximum bite force was observed for SCD technique (89.14 ± 6.08 N) and LO scheme (92.17 ± 3.22 N). In comparison to ACD, the chances of centre of force out of ellipse was 2.53 time more in CCS and 0.75 times less in SCD techniques and in comparison to MO, the chances of out of ellipse was 0.298 times less in BBO and 0.396 times less in LO schemes, though these chances were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The digital CDs fabricated by subtractive technique were proved to be superior to additive technique in terms of occlusal force analysis on tested parameters. However, further research is needed on patients to determine the exact superiority of one technique over the other.
Collapse
|
27
|
Perea-Lowery L, Minja IK, Lassila L, Ramakrishnaiah R, Vallittu PK. Assessment of CAD-CAM polymers for digitally fabricated complete dentures. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 125:175-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
28
|
Insights into hypersensitivity reactions in dentistry. Porto Biomed J 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
29
|
Becerra J, Mainjot A, Hüe O, Sadoun M, Nguyen JF. Influence of High-Pressure Polymerization on Mechanical Properties of Denture Base Resins. J Prosthodont 2020; 30:128-134. [PMID: 32744368 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to study the influence of high-pressure (HP) polymerization on the mechanical properties of denture base PMMA resins compared with conventional thermopolymerization and PMMA discs for digital dentures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three groups of blocks were prepared: Probase Hot (Ivoclar Vivadent, Lichtenstein) conventionally heat polymerized at 100°C, Probase Hot heat polymerized at 100°C under HP (200 MPa) and Ivobase CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent, Lichtenstein). Samples for mechanical/physical (n = 30) and samples for viscoelastic (n = 10) characterizations were cut from the blocks. Flexural strength (σf ), elastic modulus (Ef ), hardness, density (ρ), flexural deformation at maximal flexural stress, flexural load energy (Ur ) and viscoelastic properties (E', E'', Tanδ, Tg ) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05), Scheffé multiple means comparisons (α = 0.05) and Weibull statistics (for σf ). SEM images of the fractured surfaces were obtained. RESULTS Ef , E', E'' and density of HP polymerized Probase hot were significantly higher than conventional heat polymerized Probase Hot, whereas Tg was significantly lower and σf , Tanδ, hardness, flexural deformation at maximal flexural stress, Ur were not significantly different. The highest values for σf , flexural deformation at maximal flexural stress, Ur and Weibull modulus were obtained with Ivobase CAD. CONCLUSION HP polymerization does not significantly increase the mechanical properties of denture base resins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Becerra
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.,Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULg), Liège, Belgium
| | - Amélie Mainjot
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULg), Liège, Belgium.,Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Hüe
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean-François Nguyen
- Department of Prosthodontics UFR d'Odontologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mendoza-Carrasco I, Hotta J, Sugio CYC, Procópio ALF, Urban VM, Mosquim V, Foratori-Junior GA, Soares S, Neppelenbroek KH. Nonmetal clasp dentures: What is the evidence about their use? J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2020; 20:278-284. [PMID: 33223697 PMCID: PMC7654199 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_459_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to discuss the indications, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages of Nonmetal clasp dentures (NMCDs), as well as the most relevant properties of its constituent materials. A search was conducted using the keywords: “nonmetal clasp dentures,” “thermoplastic resin,” “flexible resin removable partial denture,” “polyamide,” and “nylon” in databases PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and textbooks between 1955 and 2020. Theses and texts without reliable sources of publication were excluded. Once the analysis instruments were determined, the data were analyzed and discussed. NMCDs present high flexibility, easy adaptation to the abutments, color compatibility and biocompatibility with the oral mucosa, and absence of visible metal clasps. However, they need laboratory relining, grinding, and polishing, do not have criteria for its planning, become rougher and stained over time, and are able to traumatize supporting tissues. The association with metal components seems to be an alternative to increase the success of NMCDs by combining esthetics and biomechanical principles of conventional removable partial dentures. The lack of long-term clinical studies makes the professionals to rely solely on previous experiences or on the manufacturers' recommendations. It suggested that NMCDs must be indicated with caution when not used temporarily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inti Mendoza-Carrasco
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Hotta
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Yoshi Campos Sugio
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa Lemos Falcao Procópio
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Mosquim
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Soares
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li KY, Tsai CC, Lin TC, Wang YL, Lin FH, Lin CP. Fluorinated Montmorillonite and 3YSZ as the Inorganic Fillers in Fluoride-Releasing and Rechargeable Dental Composition Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010223. [PMID: 31963243 PMCID: PMC7023564 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries (tooth decay) is the most frequent oral disease in humans. Filling cavities with a dental restorative material is the most common treatment, and glass ionomer cements are the main fluoride ion release restorative materials. The goal of this study was to develop a restorative compound with superior fluoride ion release and recharge abilities. Previously developed fluorinated bentolite and hydrophobized 3YSZ were used as two different inorganic fillers mixed in a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) matrix. XRD, FTIR, and TGA were used to determine the hydrophobic modification of these two inorganic fillers. In mechanical tests, including diameter tensile strength, flexural strength, and wear resistance, the developed composite resin was significantly superior to the commercial control. A WST-1 assay was used to confirm that the material displayed good biocompatibility. Furthermore, the simulation of the oral environment confirmed that the composite resin had good fluoride ion release and reloading abilities. Thus, the composite resin developed in this study may reduce secondary caries and provide a new choice for future clinical treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Yuan Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No.92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Yin-Lin Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 1, Ren’ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan Township, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-H.L.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.); +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-P.L.)
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 1, Ren’ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10048, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-H.L.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.); +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gligorijević N, Igić M, Kostić M, Pejčić A. Properties and applications of dental polyamides. ACTA STOMATOLOGICA NAISSI 2020. [DOI: 10.5937/asn2082098g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: By examining numerous thermoplastic and flexible materials that would aesthetically and functionally surpass acrylates used for the production of dental prostheses, polyamides were discovered as materials with great potential application in prosthodontics. The aim of this study was to describe polyamide materials used for the production of partial dentures. Material and methods: The main methodological approach of this study was a systematic search of the literature in two electronic databases: Google Scholar and PubMed using predefined keyword combinations. Results: The advantage of polyamide dentures is the comfort and ease of accommodation of the patient, with preserved optimal mechanical and physical properties. The dentures are flexible but rigid enough to be resistant to shock and fractures. Due to their low specific weight, polyamide dentures are light, extremely thin and do not interrupt patient speech. Excellent aesthetics are provided by a high choice of working colors and high translucency of the material, which ensures that the soft tissue that's covered by the denture base or clasp is seen through the prosthesis and gives it a more natural appearance in the patient's mouth. Conslusion: Polyamides, unlike acrylates, do not contain residual monomers, so they have an greater degree of biocompatibility. They can be used for the production of both complete and partial dentures, in combination with a Cr-Co skeleton, or crowns and bridges.
Collapse
|
33
|
Chladek G, Pakieła K, Pakieła W, Żmudzki J, Adamiak M, Krawczyk C. Effect of Antibacterial Silver-Releasing Filler on the Physicochemical Properties of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Denture Base Material. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E4146. [PMID: 31835665 PMCID: PMC6947518 DOI: 10.3390/ma12244146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colonization of polymeric dental prosthetic materials by yeast-like fungi and the association of these microorganisms with complications occurring during prosthetic treatment are important clinical problems. In previously presented research, submicron inorganic particles of silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate (S-P) were introduced into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base material which allowed for obtaining the antimicrobial effect during a 90 day experiment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the flexural strength, impact strength, hardness, wear resistance, sorption, and solubility during three months of storage in distilled water. With increasing S-P concentration after 2 days of conditioning in distilled water, reduced values of flexural strength (107-72 MPa), impact strength (18.4-5.5 MPa) as well as enhanced solubility (0.95-1.49 µg/mm3) were registered, but they were at acceptable levels, and the sorption was stable. Favorable changes included increased hardness (198-238 MPa), flexural modulus (2.9-3.3 GPa), and decreased volume loss during wear test (2.9-0.2 mm3). The percentage changes of the analyzed properties during the 90 days of storage in distilled water were similar for all materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Chladek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (W.P.); (J.Ż.); (M.A.)
| | - Katarzyna Pakieła
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (W.P.); (J.Ż.); (M.A.)
| | - Wojciech Pakieła
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (W.P.); (J.Ż.); (M.A.)
| | - Jarosław Żmudzki
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (W.P.); (J.Ż.); (M.A.)
| | - Marcin Adamiak
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (W.P.); (J.Ż.); (M.A.)
| | - Cezary Krawczyk
- Department of Dental Technology, Medical College, ul. 3 Maja 63, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Horie N, Ouchi T, Nishiyama R, Usuda S, Morikawa S, Asoda S, Nakagawa T. Vertical Displacement in Unilateral Extension Base Flexible Removable Dentures. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2019; 60:233-239. [PMID: 31761891 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2018-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The need for flexible thermoplastic denture base materials has increased due to patient demand for better esthetic outcomes. Designs aimed at improving esthetic outcomes can cause difficulties for prosthodontists, however, from the viewpoint of function and maintenance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate vertical displacement in unilateral extension base denture models, comparing that obtained by flexible removable dentures with that by conventional metal clasp dentures. Models of unilateral extension base flexible removable dentures for mandibular defects were prepared. Periodontal ligament and jaw mucosa were simulated using a silicone impression material. Four types of flexible removable denture, with or without a metal rest, and two metal clasp dentures made of acrylic resin as a conventional design were used as dental prostheses. The amount of vertical displacement in the defect areas was measured under a load of 50 N at the first and second molars. Among the 6 types of dentures investigated, the amount of vertical displacement was greater with flexible removable dentures than with metal clasp dentures. This vertical displacement tended to decrease significantly, however, with the use of a metal rest with the flexible removable dentures. Esteshot with a metal rest, in particular, showed the smallest amount of displacement in the flexible removable dentures (first molar, 0.265±0.007 mm; second molar, 0.423±0.008 mm). These results indicate the importance of the application of rests in unilateral extension base flexible removable dentures. It may be useful to employ a metal rest in conjunction with a flexible removable denture to reduce load on the underlying mucosa, as is done with conventional partial dentures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Horie
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Rumiko Nishiyama
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Sho Usuda
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Satoru Morikawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Seiji Asoda
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Taneaki Nakagawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Polychronakis N, Dimitriadi M, Ioannidis A, Papadopoulos T. The effect of different cooling procedures on mechanical properties of denture base materials measured by instrumented indentation testing. J Prosthodont Res 2019; 64:326-331. [PMID: 31582293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the different cooling procedures on the mechanical properties of five heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture materials. METHODS 250 specimens were made equally from Meliodent (ME), Paladon 65 (PA), Probase Hot (PB), Stellon QC-20 (QC) and Vertex Rapid Simplified (VE) implementing five different cooling procedures (n=10/procedure): A) removal from water bath, bench-cooling (10min) and cooling under water (15min), B) remain in water bath till room temperature, C) removal from water bath and cooling in water for 15min, D) removal from water bath and bench cooling till room temperature and E) removal from water bath, bench cooling for 30min and cooling under water for 15min. The specimens were immersed in distilled water (15 days/37ºC) and then subjected to Instrumented Indentation Testing for Martens Hardness (HM), indentation modulus (EIT) and elastic index (ηΙΤ). Results were statistically analyzed by two- and one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) plus Tukey post hoc tests (α=0.05). RESULTS The highest values for HM were recorded for QC, PA, VE with B cooling procedure, PB with A and ME with E, for EΙΤ for QC, PB with A, for PA, VE with B and ME with E, and for ηIT for QC, PB with B, PB with E, ME with C and VE with D. CONCLUSIONS The cooling procedures recommended for PB resulted in the lowest mechanical properties. A and B may be considered as universal short- and long-cooling procedures respectively providing the highest mechanical properties for the materials tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Polychronakis
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Dimitriadi
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Alexis Ioannidis
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chander NG, Jayaraman V, Sriram V. Comparison of ISO and ASTM standards in determining the flexural strength of denture base resin. Eur Oral Res 2019; 53:137-140. [PMID: 31579895 PMCID: PMC6761484 DOI: 10.26650/eor.20190072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the differences between the ASTM D790 and
ISO 20795.1.2013 standards in evaluating the flexural strength of heat cure poly
methyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin. Materials and methods: 30 heat cure denture base samples were fabricated in accordance to ISO
20795.1.2013 and ASTM D790 Standards. The specimens were finished and stored
following the standardized protocol. The flexural strength was determined using
universal testing machine at cross head speed of 1.50 mm/min and a span length of
40.00 mm. The mean flexural strength values were calculated in megapascals (MPa),
and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean flexural strength of heat cure PMMA found with ISO and ASTM ranged
between 60.492 MPa and 61.470 MPa. There was no significant difference between
the two methods. Conclusion: The quantitative differences existed in the flexural strength of denture base resin
between ISO 20795.1.2013 and ASTM 790 protocols but those differences had no
statistical and clinical significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Gopi Chander
- Research Scholar Department of Prosthodontics SRM Dental College, Ramapuram Chennai,India
| | | | - Venkat Sriram
- Department of Prosthodontics SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai,India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Manzon L, Fratto G, Poli O, Infusino E. Patient and Clinical Evaluation of Traditional Metal and Polyamide Removable Partial Dentures in an Elderly Cohort. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:868-875. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
38
|
A study of the flexural strength and surface hardness of different materials and technologies for occlusal device fabrication. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:955-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
39
|
Kalberer N, Mehl A, Schimmel M, Müller F, Srinivasan M. CAD-CAM milled versus rapidly prototyped (3D-printed) complete dentures: An in vitro evaluation of trueness. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:637-643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
40
|
Ibraheem EMA, Hammad HGH. Effect of Commercially Available Denture Adhesives on Microhardness of a Flexible Denture Base Material. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:862-868. [PMID: 30962852 PMCID: PMC6447329 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various clinical cases of thermopress denture base materials necessitate the use of denture adhesives to achieve proper retention and stability of the removable prosthesis. Therefore; the microhardness of these flexible materials as surface property and its' alterations due to the application of various denture adhesives are still crucial issues to be discussed. AIM This study aimed to investigate the impact of two commercially available denture adhesives (DAs) on microhardness of a flexible denture base material. METHODS A total of 30 duplicate disc specimens (DS) were fabricated from a thermoplastic injection moulded resin (TR). The obtained 30-disc specimens (DS) were stored in distilled water for seven days, and then their microhardness was measured using Knoop Hardness Test (KHN) under a 10 g load for 10 seconds. The denture adhesives were prepared, and 15 DS were immersed in Corega Super Cream, while the other 15 DS were soaked in Fitty Dent Cream. All DS were stored in distilled water at 37°C. After 30 days of immersion in DAs, microhardness of DS was again measured. T-test for paired observation was used to investigate any alterations in microhardness between the baseline and after 30 days of immersion in the DAs. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20®, Graph Pad Prism® and Microsoft Excel 2016 with a significant level set at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Student`s t-test had revealed a significant difference between both groups after application of denture adhesive as a P value < 0.05. The obtained results showed that DA material type, flexible denture base material and their surface interaction provoke a statistically significant outcome on the mean microhardness. CONCLUSIONS DAs were found to affect the microhardness of thermoplastic injection moulded resin (TR); which may jeopardise the durability and serviceability of complete denture and patients' acceptance and comfortability.
Collapse
|
41
|
Muhsin SA, Hatton PV, Johnson A, Sereno N, Wood DJ. Determination of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) mechanical properties as a denture material. Saudi Dent J 2019; 31:382-391. [PMID: 31337944 PMCID: PMC6626261 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To optimize the gypsum mold temperatures for pressed PEEK, and to estimate the impact, tensile strength and flexural properties of pressed and milled PEEK. Where appropriate, these properties were compared with those of PMMA. Materials and Methods Since the mold temperature could affect the properties of the injected parts, the temperature of 20 gypsum specimens was monitored using the multi-thermocouple system (n = 5). A total of 210 specimens were prepared for mechanical tests according to the ISO standard for denture base polymer (n = 10). The Izod impact, tensile strength, and flexural behavior were assessed. PEEK-OptimaNI1 (PEEK-pressed) was tested after processing via the pressing method at4 different mold temperatures. Machining PEEK-Juvora (PEEK-milled) specimens were prepared using the CAD-CAM production method. Data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA performed at a confidence level of 95% and a significant P-value of (P ≤ 0.05). Results In comparison to the furnace temperature more heat was required to preheat the gypsum mold up to 100, 150, 175 and 200 °C for pressing purposes. The highest impact strength was 5.7 kJ/m2 for PEEK-pressed at 100 °C mold temperature and 4 kJ/m2 for PEEK-milled. The latter had a higher tensile strength of 118 MPa. The best result for PEEK-pressed was 97 MPa at 200 °C mold temperature. Under a 4-point bending test, Young’s modulus of PEEK-milled was 5591 MPa, while the highest for PEEK-pressed was 4936 MPa at 200 °C mold temperature. Conclusions Compared to PMMA, given the superior mechanical properties of PEEK, it may become the material of choice for future use. Dentures constructed from PEEK polymer could well be routinely constructed in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saja A Muhsin
- Prosthetic Dental Technology, College of Health and Medical Technology, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Paul V Hatton
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
| | - Anthony Johnson
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
| | - Nuno Sereno
- Juvora™ Ltd, Hillhouse International, Thornton Cleveleys, Lancashire FY5 4QD, UK
| | - Duncan J Wood
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Restoration of a partially edentulous patient with combination partial dentures. Br Dent J 2019; 226:407-410. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
43
|
Sequeira AL, Narayan AI, George VT. Effects of nonaldehyde immersion disinfection on the mechanical properties of flexible denture materials. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:843-847. [PMID: 30617033 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Variation in the baseline mechanical properties of polyamide thermoplastic polymers used in the fabrication of prosthetic dental appliances and the effects of nonaldehyde disinfectants on the mechanical properties of these polymers are unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the flexural and impact strengths of 2 flexible denture materials (Valplast and Sunflex) and evaluate the effect of 24-hour immersion in nonaldehyde disinfectant (Perform) on their flexural and impact strengths. MATERIAL AND METHODS Of 48 specimens of Valplast and Sunflex, half were immersed in nonaldehyde disinfectant solution containing the active ingredient 2% peroxymonosulfate for 24 hours. Flexural and impact strengths were measured using a universal testing machine. The Student t test with Bonferroni correction was used (α=.008). RESULTS For the Valplast group, the mean ±standard deviation flexural strength was 27.8 ±0.57 MPa, and the impact strength was 3.5 ±0.98 kJ/m2. For the Sunflex group, the mean flexural strength was 57.4 ±4.09 MPa, and the impact strength was 6.0 ±3.11 kJ/m2. Sunflex showed greater flexural strength (P≤.001) and impact strength (P=.001) than Valplast. A significant increase in the impact strength (P≤.001) but not in the flexural strength of Valplast was observed after exposure to the disinfectant solution. Immersion disinfection had no significant effect on the strength of Sunflex. CONCLUSIONS The flexural and impact strengths of Sunflex were significantly greater than those of Valplast. Immersion disinfection with peroxymonosulfate had no significant effect on Sunflex but increased the impact strength of Valplast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Leo Sequeira
- Private practice, Axiss Dental, ITPL, Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Aparna I Narayan
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vinu Thomas George
- Associate Dean, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Al-Dwairi ZN, Tahboub KY, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. A Comparison of the Flexural and Impact Strengths and Flexural Modulus of CAD/CAM and Conventional Heat-Cured Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA). J Prosthodont 2018; 29:341-349. [PMID: 29896904 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The introduction of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology to the field of removable prosthodontics has recently made it possible to fabricate complete dentures of prepolymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) blocks, which are claimed to be of better mechanical properties; however, no published reports that have evaluated mechanical properties of CAD/CAM PMMA. The purpose of this study was to compare flexural strength, impact strength, and flexural modulus of two brands of CAD/CAM PMMA and a conventional heat-cured PMMA. MATERIALS AND METHODS 45 rectangular specimens (65 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) were fabricated (15 CAD/CAM AvaDent PMMA specimens from AvaDent, 15 CAD/CAM Tizian PMMA specimens from Shütz Dental, 15 conventional Meliodent PMMA specimens from Heraeus Kulzer) and stored in distilled water at (37 ± 1°C) for 7 days. Specimens (N = 15) in each group were subjected to the three-point bending test and impact strength test, employing the Charpy configuration on unnotched specimens. The morphology of the fractured specimens was studied under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey pairwise multiple comparisons with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS The Schütz Dental specimens showed the highest mean flexural strength (130.67 MPa) and impact strength (29.56 kg/m2 ). The highest mean flexural modulus was recorded in the AvaDent group (2519.6 MPa). The conventional heat-cured group showed the lowest mean flexural strength (93.33 MPa), impact strength (14.756 kg/m2 ), and flexural modulus (2117.2 MPa). Differences in means of flexural properties between AvaDent and Schütz Dental specimens were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS As CAD/CAM PMMA specimens exhibited improved flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength in comparison to the conventional heat-cured groups, CAD/CAM dentures are expected to be more durable. Different brands of CAD/CAM PMMA may have inherent variations in mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad N Al-Dwairi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Kawkab Y Tahboub
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nadim Z Baba
- Advanced Specialty Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Charles J Goodacre
- Advanced Specialty Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) denture base manufacturers claim to produce their resin pucks under high heat and pressure. Therefore, CAD/CAM dentures are assumed to have enhanced mechanical properties and, as a result, are often produced with lower denture base thicknesses than conventional, manually fabricated dentures. The aim of this study was to investigate if commercially available CAD/CAM denture base resins have more favourable mechanical properties than conventionally processed denture base resins. For this purpose, a series of three-point bending tests conforming to ISO specifications were performed on a total of 80 standardised, rectangular CAD/CAM denture base resin specimens from five different manufacturers (AvaDent, Baltic Denture System, Vita VIONIC, Whole You Nexteeth, and Wieland Digital Dentures). A heat-polymerising resin and an autopolymerising resin served as the control groups. The breaking load, fracture toughness, and the elastic modulus were assessed. Additionally, the fracture surface roughness and texture were investigated. Only one CAD/CAM resin showed a significantly increased breaking load. Two CAD/CAM resins had a significantly higher fracture toughness than the control groups, and all CAD/CAM resins had higher elastic moduli than the controls. Our results indicate that CAD/CAM denture base resins do not generally have better mechanical properties than manually processed resins. Therefore, the lower minimum denture base thicknesses should be regarded with some caution.
Collapse
|
46
|
Volumetric Change as a Parameter for the Accuracy of Impression Materials. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.36.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we studied the behavior of some impression materials such as alginate, condensation and addition silicones, considering the following parameters: the reproductive capacity of morphological details - dimensional stability - the ability to reproduce with accuracy the ratio between morphological elements. The essential conditions that an impression material should fulfill are plasticity, fidelity, flexibility, good mechanical strength, dimensional stability, suitable setting time and compatibility with materials from which the models are manufactured.The study results indicated that condensation silicones present the highest volumetric changes, their contraction being the result of the evaporation of volatile byproducts.The dimensional stability of fingerprint materials is one of the variables that contribute to the accuracy or inaccuracy of dental prostheses, other factors being represented by the changes occurring during the preparation of the fingerprint material as well as the fingerprinting techniques.
Collapse
|
47
|
Polychronakis N, Sarafianou A, Zissis A, Papadopoulos T. The Influence of Thermocycling on the Flexural Strength of a Polyamide Denture Base Material. Acta Stomatol Croat 2017; 51:309-315. [PMID: 29872236 PMCID: PMC5975457 DOI: 10.15644/asc51/4/5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of thermocycling on the flexural strength of a polyamide base denture material. Materials and methods A polyamide denture base material (Valplast) was tested, whereas a PMMA material (Vertex) was used as a control. Thirty specimens of each material were fabricated for flexural strength testing according to ISO 1567. They were prepared and stored in water at 37°C for 48 hours. The specimens of each material were divided into three equal groups (n=10). Flexural strength testing was performed immediately after water storage and after thermocycling (5°C / 55°C, 2 c/min) for 3000 and 5000 cycles. A three point flexural test was performed on a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. The final flexural strength was calculated using the formula: FS = 3 PL/2 bd2. A two-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis using Tukey's procedure was applied at .05 level of statistical significance. Results A statistically significant reduction in flexural strength was recorded after thermocycling at 3000 cycles for PMMA and at 5000 cycles for both materials. The flexural strength of PMMA was significantly higher compared to polyamide for all the conditions tested (p<0.05). Conclusion Thermocycling had a significant adverse effect on the flexural strength of polyamide and PMMA denture base materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Polychronakis
- Removable Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Aspasia Sarafianou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Alcibiadis Zissis
- Removable Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee JH, Jun SK, Kim SC, Okubo C, Lee HH. Investigation of the cytotoxicity of thermoplastic denture base resins. J Adv Prosthodont 2017; 9:453-462. [PMID: 29279765 PMCID: PMC5741449 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.6.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of thermoplastic denture base resins and to identify the possible adverse effects of these resins on oral keratinocytes in response to hot water/food intake. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six dental thermoplastic resin materials were evaluated: three polyamide materials (Smile tone, ST; Valplast, VP; and Luciton FRS, LF), two acrylic materials (Acrytone, AT; and Acryshot, AS), and one polypropylene resin material (Unigum, UG). One heat-polymerized acrylic resin (Vertex RS, RS) was chosen for comparison. After obtaining extracts from specimens of the denture resin materials (Φ=10 mm and d=2 mm) under different extraction conditions (37℃ for 24 hours, 70℃ for 24 hours, and 121℃ for 1 hour), the extracts (50%) or serial dilutions (25%, 12.5%, and 6.25%) in distilled water were co-cultured for 24 hours with immortalized human oral keratinocytes (IHOKs) or mouse fibroblasts (L929s) for the cytotoxicity assay described in ISO 10993. RESULTS Greater than 70% viability was detected under all test conditions. Significantly lower IHOK and L929 viability was detected in the 50% extract from the VP (70℃) and AT (121℃) samples (P<.05), but only L929 showed reduced viability in the 50% and 25% extract from LF (37℃) (P<.05). CONCLUSION Extracts obtained from six materials under different extraction conditions (37℃, 70℃, and 121℃) did not exhibit severe cytotoxicity (less than 70% viability), although their potential risk to oral mucosa at high temperatures should not be ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Jun
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Chul Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chikahiro Okubo
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hafezeqoran A, Koodaryan R. Double-Layer Surface Modification of Polyamide Denture Base Material by Functionalized Sol-Gel Based Silica for Adhesion Improvement. J Prosthodont 2017; 28:701-708. [PMID: 28940932 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited surface treatments have been proposed to improve the bond strength between autopolymerizing resin and polyamide denture base materials. Still, the bond strength of autopolymerizing resins to nylon polymer is not strong enough to repair the fractured denture effectively. This study aimed to introduce a novel method to improve the adhesion of autopolymerizing resin to polyamide polymer by a double layer deposition of sol-gel silica and N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AE-APTMS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The silica sol was synthesized by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica precursors. Polyamide specimens were dipped in TEOS-derived sol (TS group, n = 28), and exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light under O2 flow for 30 minutes. UV-treated specimens were immersed in AE-APTMS solution and left for 24 hours at room temperature. The other specimens were either immersed in AE-APTMS solution (AP group, n = 28) or left untreated (NT group, n = 28). Surface characterization was investigated by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Two autopolymerizing resins (subgroups G and T, n = 14) were bonded to the specimens, thermocycled, and then tested for shear bond strength with a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD (α = 0.05). RESULTS FTIR spectra of treated surfaces confirmed the chemical modification and appearance of functional groups on the polymer. One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in shear bond strength among the study groups. Tukey's HSD showed that TST and TSG groups had significantly higher shear bond strength than control groups (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, bond strength values of APT were statistically significant compared to controls (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION Amino functionalized TEOS-derived silica coating is a simple and cost-effective method for improving the bond strength between the autopolymerizing resin and polyamide denture base. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Amino-functionalized silica coating could represent a more applicable and convenient option for improving the repair strength of autopolymerizing resin to polyamide polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hafezeqoran
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Koodaryan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nagakura M, Tanimoto Y, Nishiyama N. Effect of fiber content on flexural properties of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide-6 prepared by injection molding. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:415-421. [PMID: 28190814 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of non-metal clasp denture (NMCD) materials may seriously affect the remaining tissues because of the low rigidity of NMCD materials such as polyamides. The purpose of this study was to develop a high-rigidity glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (GFRTP) composed of E-glass fiber and polyamide-6 for NMCDs using an injection molding. The reinforcing effects of fiber on the flexural properties of GFRTPs were investigated using glass fiber content ranging from 0 to 50 mass%. Three-point bending tests indicated that the flexural strength and elastic modulus of a GFRTP with a fiber content of 50 mass% were 5.4 and 4.7 times higher than those of unreinforced polyamide-6, respectively. The result showed that the physical characteristics of GFRTPs were greatly improved by increasing the fiber content, and the beneficial effects of fiber reinforcement were evident. The findings suggest that the injection-molded GFRTPs are adaptable to NMCDs because of their excellent mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manamu Nagakura
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
| | - Yasuhiro Tanimoto
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
| | - Norihiro Nishiyama
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
| |
Collapse
|