1
|
Subbarayan R, Srinivasan D, Shadula Osmania S, Murugan Girija D, Ikhlas S, Srivastav N, Balakrishnan R, Shrestha R, Chauhan A. Molecular insights on Eltrombopag: potential mitogen stimulants, angiogenesis, and therapeutic radioprotectant through TPO-R activation. Platelets 2024; 35:2359028. [PMID: 38832545 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2359028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the molecular interactions and potential therapeutic uses of Eltrombopag (EPAG), a small molecule that activates the cMPL receptor. EPAG has been found to be effective in increasing platelet levels and alleviating thrombocytopenia. We utilized computational techniques to predict and confirm the complex formed by the ligand (EPAG) and the Thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) cMPL, elucidating the role of RAS, JAK-2, STAT-3, and other essential elements for downstream signaling. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to evaluate the stability of the ligand across specific proteins, showing favorable characteristics. For the first time, we examined the presence of TPO-R in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSC) and human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSC) proliferation. Furthermore, treatment with EPAG demonstrated angiogenesis and vasculature formation of endothelial lineage derived from both MSCs. It also indicated the activation of critical factors such as RUNX-1, GFI-1b, VEGF-A, MYB, GOF-1, and FLI-1. Additional experiments confirmed that EPAG could be an ideal molecule for protecting against UVB radiation damage, as gene expression (JAK-2, ERK-2, MCL-1, NFkB, and STAT-3) and protein CD90/cMPL analysis showed TPO-R activation in both hUCMSC and hGMSC. Overall, EPAG exhibits significant potential in treating radiation damage and mitigating the side effects of radiotherapy, warranting further clinical exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekaran Subbarayan
- Centre for Advanced Biotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Research-FAHS, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | - Dhasarathdev Srinivasan
- Centre for Advanced Biotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Research-FAHS, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | - Salman Shadula Osmania
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Shoeb Ikhlas
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nityanand Srivastav
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ranjith Balakrishnan
- Centre for Advanced Biotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Research-FAHS, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | | | - Ankush Chauhan
- Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang L, Shao B. New insights of glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex organization and glycoprotein Ibα in platelet biogenesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024:00062752-990000000-00081. [PMID: 39046849 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V, a platelet surface receptor that plays a critical role in platelet adhesion and platelet-mediated immune responses, consists of GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX, and GPV in a stoichiometry of 2 : 4 : 2 : 1. Forming a complex is essential for GPIb-IX-V to function. GPIb-IX-V also plays an important role in platelet biogenesis by regulating the number and size of platelets. Yet how GPIb-IX-V regulates platelet biogenesis remains elusive. This review will summarize recent findings in the complex organization of GPIb-IX-V and its role in platelet biogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Proteomics studies suggest that GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX, and GPV form the complex in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 : 1, which is supported by analysis of molecular weight of GPIb-IX-V and GPIb-IX and the structure of entire GPIb-IX-V. To activate platelets, GPIbα requires binding of CLEC-2 to trigger signals. Furthermore, disrupting the GPIbα anchorage to filamin A causes defects in platelet budding away from proplatelets leading to giant platelets and a low platelet count. SUMMARY New studies challenge the traditional model for the organization of GPIb-IX-V as a complex and indicate the role of GPIb-IX-V in platelet production. Those studies provide insights for GPIb-IX-V in the regulation of platelet activation and platelet biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- Laboratory of Vascular Inflammation and Thrombosis Research, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Lai J, Ran M, Yi T, Zhou L, Luo J, Liu X, Tang X, Huang M, Xie X, Li H, Yang Y, Zou W, Wu J. Alnustone promotes megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production via the interleukin-17A/interleukin-17A receptor/Src/RAC1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176548. [PMID: 38570080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thrombocytopenia is a disease in which the number of platelets in the peripheral blood decreases. It can be caused by multiple genetic factors, and numerous challenges are associated with its treatment. In this study, the effects of alnustone on megakaryocytes and platelets were investigated, with the aim of developing a new therapeutic approach for thrombocytopenia. METHODS Random forest algorithm was used to establish a drug screening model, and alnustone was identified as a natural active compound that could promote megakaryocyte differentiation. The effect of alnustone on megakaryocyte activity was determined using cell counting kit-8. The effect of alnustone on megakaryocyte differentiation was determined using flow cytometry, Giemsa staining, and phalloidin staining. A mouse model of thrombocytopenia was established by exposing mice to X-rays at 4 Gy and was used to test the bioactivity of alnustone in vivo. The effect of alnustone on platelet production was determined using zebrafish. Network pharmacology was used to predict targets and signaling pathways. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining determined the expression levels of proteins. RESULTS Alnustone promoted the differentiation and maturation of megakaryocytes in vitro and restored platelet production in thrombocytopenic mice and zebrafish. Network pharmacology and western blotting showed that alnustone promoted the expression of interleukin-17A and enhanced its interaction with its receptor, and thereby regulated downstream MEK/ERK signaling and promoted megakaryocyte differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Alnustone can promote megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production via the interleukin-17A/interleukin-17A receptor/Src/RAC1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and thus provides a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of thrombocytopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jia Lai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Mei Ran
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Taian Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Jiesi Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Miao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiang Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Hong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Yan Yang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Wenjun Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin GL, Chang HH, Lin WT, Liou YS, Lai YL, Hsieh MH, Chen PK, Liao CY, Tsai CC, Wang TF, Chu SC, Kau JH, Huang HH, Hsu HL, Sun DS. Dachshund Homolog 1: Unveiling Its Potential Role in Megakaryopoiesis and Bacillus anthracis Lethal Toxin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3102. [PMID: 38542074 PMCID: PMC10970148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lethal toxin (LT) is the critical virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. One common symptom observed in patients with anthrax is thrombocytopenia, which has also been observed in mice injected with LT. Our previous study demonstrated that LT induces thrombocytopenia by suppressing megakaryopoiesis, but the precise molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unknown. In this study, we utilized 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced megakaryocytic differentiation in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells to identify genes involved in LT-induced megakaryocytic suppression. Through cDNA microarray analysis, we identified Dachshund homolog 1 (DACH1) as a gene that was upregulated upon TPA treatment but downregulated in the presence of TPA and LT, purified from the culture supernatants of B. anthracis. To investigate the function of DACH1 in megakaryocytic differentiation, we employed short hairpin RNA technology to knock down DACH1 expression in HEL cells and assessed its effect on differentiation. Our data revealed that the knockdown of DACH1 expression suppressed megakaryocytic differentiation, particularly in polyploidization. We demonstrated that one mechanism by which B. anthracis LT induces suppression of polyploidization in HEL cells is through the cleavage of MEK1/2. This cleavage results in the downregulation of the ERK signaling pathway, thereby suppressing DACH1 gene expression and inhibiting polyploidization. Additionally, we found that known megakaryopoiesis-related genes, such as FOSB, ZFP36L1, RUNX1, FLI1, AHR, and GFI1B genes may be positively regulated by DACH1. Furthermore, we observed an upregulation of DACH1 during in vitro differentiation of CD34-megakaryocytes and downregulation of DACH1 in patients with thrombocytopenia. In summary, our findings shed light on one of the molecular mechanisms behind LT-induced thrombocytopenia and unveil a previously unknown role for DACH1 in megakaryopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ling Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (G.-L.L.); (H.-H.C.); (P.-K.C.)
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Hsin-Hou Chang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (G.-L.L.); (H.-H.C.); (P.-K.C.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Yu-Shan Liou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Yi-Ling Lai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Min-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Po-Kong Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (G.-L.L.); (H.-H.C.); (P.-K.C.)
| | - Chi-Yuan Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-C.T.)
| | - Chi-Chih Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-C.T.)
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (T.-F.W.); (S.-C.C.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chao Chu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (T.-F.W.); (S.-C.C.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Hwa Kau
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (J.-H.K.); (H.-H.H.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Hsin-Hsien Huang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (J.-H.K.); (H.-H.H.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Hui-Ling Hsu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (J.-H.K.); (H.-H.H.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Der-Shan Sun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (G.-L.L.); (H.-H.C.); (P.-K.C.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (W.-T.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (M.-H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Parker WAE, Storey RF. The role of platelet P2Y 12 receptors in inflammation. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:515-531. [PMID: 37771103 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex pathophysiological process underlying many clinical conditions. Platelets contribute to the thrombo-inflammatory response. Platelet P2Y12 receptors amplify platelet activation, potentiating platelet aggregation, degranulation and shape change. The contents of platelet alpha granules, in particular, act directly on leucocytes, including mediating platelet-leucocyte aggregation and activation via platelet P-selectin. Much evidence for the role of platelet P2Y12 receptors in inflammation comes from studies using antagonists of these receptors, such as the thienopyridines clopidogrel and prasugrel, and the cyclopentyltriazolopyrimidine ticagrelor, in animal and human experimental models. These suggest that antagonism of P2Y12 receptors decreases markers of inflammation with some evidence that this reduces incidence of adverse clinical sequelae during inflammatory conditions. Interpretation is complicated by pleiotropic effects such as those of the thienopyridines on circulating leucocyte numbers and of ticagrelor on adenosine reuptake. The available evidence suggests that P2Y12 receptors are prominent mediators of inflammation and P2Y12 receptor antagonism as a potentially powerful strategy in a broad range of inflammatory conditions. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Platelet purinergic receptor and non-thrombotic disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.4/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William A E Parker
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert F Storey
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Z, Wang B, Shen Y, Ma K, Wang T, Wang Y, Lin D. MXRA7 is involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production. BLOOD SCIENCE 2023; 5:160-169. [PMID: 37546710 PMCID: PMC10400050 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix remodeling is a critical process in hematopoiesis. The biology of MXRA7, as a matrix remodeling associated gene, has still not been reported in hematopoietic process. Public databases showed that MXRA7 expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, suggesting that it may be involved in hematopoiesis. We found that the amounts of megakaryocytes were lower in bone marrow and spleen from Mxra7-/- mice compared with that from wild-type mice. Knock-out of MXRA7 also reduced the amount of platelet in peripheral blood and affected the function of platelets. Knock-out of MXRA7 inhibited hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells differentiate to megakaryocytes possibly through down-regulating the expression of GATA-1 and FOG-1. Moreover, knockdown of MXRA7 in MEG-01 cells could inhibit the cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Knockdown of MXRA7 inhibited the differentiation of MEG-01 cells and proplatelet formation through suppressing the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and the expression of β-tubulin. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated the potential significance of MXRA7 in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production. The novel findings proposed a new target for the treatment of platelet-related diseases, and much more investigations are guaranteed to dissect the mechanisms of MXRA7 in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Sun
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Benfang Wang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Kunpeng Ma
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yiqiang Wang
- Wisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jin X, Zhang Z, Guan G, Zhou Q, Zheng Y, Jiang G. Silica Nanoparticles Promote the Megakaryocyte Maturation and Differentiation: Potential Implications for Hematological Homeostasis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37310794 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) have been widely applied in diverse areas, thus causing the extensive release through multiple routes. Their toxicological effects, especially for the disturbance in hematological homeostasis, have raised public concern. Considering the detrimental role of excessive platelets in many cardiovascular diseases, the regulation of platelet formation offers a unique aspect for studying the blood compatibility of nanomaterials. In this study, the effects of SiO2 NPs with four sizes (80, 120, 200, and 400 nm) were investigated on the maturation and differentiation of the megakaryocytes into platelets. The results showed that SiO2 NPs promoted megakaryocyte development as manifested by the occurrence of irregular cell morphology, enlargement of cell size, increases in DNA content and DNA ploidy, and formation of spore-like protrusions. The expression of megakaryocyte-specific antigen (CD41a) was up-regulated, due to SiO2 NP treatments. The correlation analysis of SiO2 NP size with the above test bioindicators showed that the smaller the SiO2 NPs were, the stronger effects they induced. Moreover, exposure to SiO2 NPs induced the up-regulation of both GATA-1 and FLI-1, while the transcriptional expressions of aNF-E2 and fNF-E2 remained unchanged. The significant positive correlation of GATA-1 and FLI-1 with megakaryocytic maturation and differentiation suggested their crucial roles in the SiO2 NP-promoted effect. The finding herein provided new insight into the potential health risk of SiO2 NPs by perturbing the platelet-involved hematological homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ge Guan
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fuess LE, Bolnick DI. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Microevolution of the Stickleback Immune System. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad053. [PMID: 37039516 PMCID: PMC10116603 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk and severity of pathogen infections in humans, livestock, or wild organisms depend on host immune function, which can vary between closely related host populations or even among individuals. This immune variation can entail between-population differences in immune gene coding sequences, copy number, or expression. In recent years, many studies have focused on population divergence in immunity using whole-tissue transcriptomics. But, whole-tissue transcriptomics cannot distinguish between evolved differences in gene regulation within cells, versus changes in cell composition within the focal tissue. Here, we leverage single-cell transcriptomic approaches to document signatures of microevolution of immune system structure in a natural system, the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We sampled nine adult fish from three populations with variability in resistance to a cestode parasite, Schistocephalus solidus, to create the first comprehensive immune cell atlas for G. aculeatus. Eight broad immune cell types, corresponding to major vertebrate immune cells, were identified. We were also able to document significant variation in both abundance and expression profiles of the individual immune cell types among the three populations of fish. Furthermore, we demonstrate that identified cell type markers can be used to reinterpret traditional transcriptomic data: we reevaluate previously published whole-tissue transcriptome data from a quantitative genetic experimental infection study to gain better resolution relating infection outcomes to inferred cell type variation. Our combined study demonstrates the power of single-cell sequencing to not only document evolutionary phenomena (i.e., microevolution of immune cells) but also increase the power of traditional transcriptomic data sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Fuess
- Department of Biology, Texas State University
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut
| | - Daniel I Bolnick
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abnormal platelet immunophenotypes and percentage of giant platelets in myelodysplastic syndrome: A pilot study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278040. [PMID: 36409726 PMCID: PMC9678267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic stem cell disorder with thrombocytopenia. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of blood cells has been instrumental in diagnosis as co-criteria, but the data regarding platelets remains lacking. This study aims to determine if there is a difference in surface antigen levels on platelets by comparing surface antigen levels in MDS patients and healthy control subjects. Concurrently, as flow cytometric gating can reveal the diameter of cells, this study will investigate differences in giant platelet percentage by comparing these percentages in high- and low-risk MDS patients. STUDY DESIGN Twenty newly diagnosed MDS patients were enrolled in this study. Platelet surface antigen levels were determined by measuring the binding capacity of antibodies with flow cytometry. RESULTS Platelets of MDS patients were shown to have a lower level of CD61 and higher levels of CD31 and CD36 than healthy controls. Judged by forward scatter (FSC), MDS patients' platelets appeared to be larger than those of healthy control subjects, whereas the MFI adjusted by diameter (MFI/FSC ratio) of CD31, CD41a, CD42a, CD42b and CD61 on platelets were lower in MDS patients than in healthy control subjects. There was a significant quantity of giant platelets found in MDS patients, and the high-risk MDS patients tended to have a higher percentage of giant platelets than low-risk patients. Conclusions: All the results indicate that MDS patients exhibit a lower antigen presentation (MFI) adjusted by diameter on platelets than healthy controls and the giant platelets detected by flow cytometry might correlate with the condition of MDS.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Y, Zuo X, Chen P, Hu X, Sheng Z, Liu A, Liu Q, Leng S, Zhang X, Li X, Wang L, Feng Q, Li C, Hou M, Chu C, Ma S, Wang S, Peng J. Deciphering transcriptome alterations in bone marrow hematopoiesis at single-cell resolution in immune thrombocytopenia. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:347. [PMID: 36202780 PMCID: PMC9537316 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, in which megakaryocyte dysfunction caused by an autoimmune reaction can lead to thrombocytopenia, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of bone marrow CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to determine defects in megakaryopoiesis in ITP. Gene expression, cell-cell interactions, and transcriptional regulatory networks varied in HSPCs of ITP, particularly in immune cell progenitors. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis indicated that there was an impaired megakaryopoiesis of ITP. Flow cytometry confirmed that the number of CD9+ and HES1+ cells from Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs decreased in ITP. Liquid culture assays demonstrated that CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs tended to differentiate into megakaryocytes; however, this tendency was not observed in ITP patients and more erythrocytes were produced. The percentage of megakaryocytes differentiated from CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs was 3-fold higher than that of the CD9− counterparts from healthy controls (HCs), whereas, in ITP patients, the percentage decreased to only 1/4th of that in the HCs and was comparable to that from the CD9− HSPCs. Additionally, when co-cultured with pre-B cells from ITP patients, the differentiation of CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs toward the megakaryopoietic lineage was impaired. Further analysis revealed that megakaryocytic progenitors (MkP) can be divided into seven subclusters with different gene expression patterns and functions. The ITP-associated DEGs were MkP subtype-specific, with most DEGs concentrated in the subcluster possessing dual functions of immunomodulation and platelet generation. This study comprehensively dissects defective hematopoiesis and provides novel insights regarding the pathogenesis of ITP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xinyi Zuo
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zi Sheng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Anli Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shaoqiu Leng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chong Chu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Shihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang J, Xie J, Wang D, Han X, Chen M, Shi G, Jiang L, Zhao M. CXCR4 high megakaryocytes regulate host-defense immunity against bacterial pathogens. eLife 2022; 11:e78662. [PMID: 35904250 PMCID: PMC9374440 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) continuously produce platelets to support hemostasis and form a niche for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance in the bone marrow. MKs are also involved in inflammatory responses; however, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Using single-cell sequencing, we identified a CXCR4 highly expressed MK subpopulation, which exhibited both MK-specific and immune characteristics. CXCR4high MKs interacted with myeloid cells to promote their migration and stimulate the bacterial phagocytosis of macrophages and neutrophils by producing TNFα and IL-6. CXCR4high MKs were also capable of phagocytosis, processing, and presenting antigens to activate T cells. Furthermore, CXCR4high MKs also egressed circulation and infiltrated into the spleen, liver, and lung upon bacterial infection. Ablation of MKs suppressed the innate immune response and T cell activation to impair the anti-bacterial effects in mice under the Listeria monocytogenes challenge. Using hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell lineage-tracing mouse lines, we show that CXCR4high MKs were generated from infection-induced emergency megakaryopoiesis in response to bacterial infection. Overall, we identify the CXCR4high MKs, which regulate host-defense immune response against bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiayi Xie
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| | - Daosong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| | - Xue Han
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| | - Minqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| | - Guojun Shi
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Linjia Jiang
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Meng Zhao
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bush LM, Healy CP, Marvin JE, Deans TL. High-throughput enrichment and isolation of megakaryocyte progenitor cells from the mouse bone marrow. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8268. [PMID: 33859294 PMCID: PMC8050096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are a rare population of cells that develop in the bone marrow and function to produce platelets that circulate throughout the body and form clots to stop or prevent bleeding. A major challenge in studying megakaryocyte development, and the diseases that arise from their dysfunction, is the identification, classification, and enrichment of megakaryocyte progenitor cells that are produced during hematopoiesis. Here, we present a high throughput strategy for identifying and isolating megakaryocytes and their progenitor cells from a heterogeneous population of bone marrow samples. Specifically, we couple thrombopoietin (TPO) induction, image flow cytometry, and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify and enrich for megakaryocyte progenitor cells that are capable of self-renewal and directly differentiating into mature megakaryocytes. This enrichment strategy distinguishes megakaryocyte progenitors from other lineage-committed cells in a high throughput manner. Furthermore, by using image flow cytometry with PCA, we have identified a combination of markers and characteristics that can be used to isolate megakaryocyte progenitor cells using standard flow cytometry methods. Altogether, these techniques enable the high throughput enrichment and isolation of cells in the megakaryocyte lineage and have the potential to enable rapid disease identification and diagnoses ahead of severe disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M Bush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Connor P Healy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - James E Marvin
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Tara L Deans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vainchenker W, Arkoun B, Basso-Valentina F, Lordier L, Debili N, Raslova H. Role of Rho-GTPases in megakaryopoiesis. Small GTPases 2021; 12:399-415. [PMID: 33570449 PMCID: PMC8583283 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1885134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are the bone marrow (BM) cells that generate blood platelets by a process that requires: i) polyploidization responsible for the increased MK size and ii) cytoplasmic organization leading to extension of long pseudopods, called proplatelets, through the endothelial barrier to allow platelet release into blood. Low level of localized RHOA activation prevents actomyosin accumulation at the cleavage furrow and participates in MK polyploidization. In the platelet production, RHOA and CDC42 play opposite, but complementary roles. RHOA inhibits both proplatelet formation and MK exit from BM, whereas CDC42 drives the development of the demarcation membranes and MK migration in BM. Moreover, the RhoA or Cdc42 MK specific knock-out in mice and the genetic alterations in their down-stream effectors in human induce a thrombocytopenia demonstrating their key roles in platelet production. A better knowledge of Rho-GTPase signalling is thus necessary to develop therapies for diseases associated with platelet production defects. Abbreviations: AKT: Protein Kinase BARHGEF2: Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 2ARP2/3: Actin related protein 2/3BM: Bone marrowCDC42: Cell division control protein 42 homologCFU-MK: Colony-forming-unit megakaryocyteCIP4: Cdc42-interacting protein 4mDIA: DiaphanousDIAPH1; Protein diaphanous homolog 1ECT2: Epithelial Cell Transforming Sequence 2FLNA: Filamin AGAP: GTPase-activating proteins or GTPase-accelerating proteinsGDI: GDP Dissociation InhibitorGEF: Guanine nucleotide exchange factorHDAC: Histone deacetylaseLIMK: LIM KinaseMAL: Megakaryoblastic leukaemiaMARCKS: Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrateMKL: Megakaryoblastic leukaemiaMLC: Myosin light chainMRTF: Myocardin Related Transcription FactorOTT: One-Twenty Two ProteinPACSIN2: Protein Kinase C And Casein Kinase Substrate In Neurons 2PAK: P21-Activated KinasePDK: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase kinasePI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinasePKC: Protein kinase CPTPRJ: Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type JRAC: Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1RBM15: RNA Binding Motif Protein 15RHO: Ras homologousROCK: Rho-associated protein kinaseSCAR: Suppressor of cAMP receptorSRF: Serum response factorSRC: SarcTAZ: Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ motifTUBB1: Tubulin β1VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factorWAS: Wiskott Aldrich syndromeWASP: Wiskott Aldrich syndrome proteinWAVE: WASP-family verprolin-homologous proteinWIP: WASP-interacting proteinYAP: Yes-associated protein
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Vainchenker
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,GrEX, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Brahim Arkoun
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,GrEX, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Basso-Valentina
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Sorbonne Paris Cité/Université Paris Dideront, Paris, France
| | - Larissa Lordier
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Najet Debili
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ono‐Uruga Y, Ikeda Y, Matsubara Y. Platelet production using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Mechanistic studies and clinical application. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:342-350. [PMID: 33217130 PMCID: PMC7898515 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are platelet progenitor stem cells found in the bone marrow. Platelets obtained from blood draws can be used for therapeutic applications, especially platelet transfusion. The needs for platelet transfusions for clinical situation is increasing, due in part to the growing number of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Platelets obtained from donors, however, have the disadvantages of a limited storage lifespan and the risk of donor-related infection. Extensive effort has therefore been directed at manufacturing platelets ex vivo. Here, we review ex vivo technologies for MK development, focusing on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell line (ASCL)-based strategies and their potential clinical application. Bone marrow and adipose tissues contain mesenchymal stem/stromal cells that have an ability to differentiate into MKs, which release platelets. Taking advantage of this mechanism, we developed a donor-independent system for manufacturing platelets for clinical application using ASCL established from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ASCs). Culture of ASCs with endogenous thrombopoietin and its receptor c-MPL, and endogenous genes such as p45NF-E2 leads to MK differentiation and subsequent platelet production. ASCs compose heterogeneous cells, however, and are not suitable for clinical application. Thus, we established ASCLs, which expand into a more homogeneous population, and fulfill the criteria for mesenchymal stem cells set by the International Society for Cellular Therapy. Using our ASCL culture system with MK lineage induction medium without recombinant thrombopoietin led to peak production of platelets within 12 days, which may be sufficient for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Ono‐Uruga
- Clinical and Translational Research CenterKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yasuo Ikeda
- Department of HematologyKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Life Science and Medical BioscienceWaseda UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Yumiko Matsubara
- Clinical and Translational Research CenterKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Persson KM, Kneller PV, Livingston MW, Bush LM, Deans TL. High-Throughput Production of Platelet-Like Particles. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2258:273-283. [PMID: 33340367 PMCID: PMC9677565 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1174-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro production of platelets could provide a life-saving intervention for patients that would otherwise require donor-derived platelets. Producing large numbers of platelets in vitro from their progenitor cells, megakaryocytes, remains remarkably difficult and inefficient. Here, a human megakaryoblast leukemia cell line (MEG-01) was used to assess the maturation of megakaryocytes and to develop a new methodology for producing high numbers of platelet-like particles from mature MEG-01 cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie M Persson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Pauline V Kneller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mark W Livingston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lucas M Bush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tara L Deans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang H, He J, Xu C, Chen X, Yang H, Shi S, Liu C, Zeng Y, Wu D, Bai Z, Wang M, Wen Y, Su P, Xia M, Huang B, Ma C, Bian L, Lan Y, Cheng T, Shi L, Liu B, Zhou J. Decoding Human Megakaryocyte Development. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 28:535-549.e8. [PMID: 33340451 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite our growing understanding of embryonic immune development, rare early megakaryocytes (MKs) remain relatively understudied. Here we used single-cell RNA sequencing of human MKs from embryonic yolk sac (YS) and fetal liver (FL) to characterize the transcriptome, cellular heterogeneity, and developmental trajectories of early megakaryopoiesis. In the YS and FL, we found heterogeneous MK subpopulations with distinct developmental routes and patterns of gene expression that could reflect early functional specialization. Intriguingly, we identified a subpopulation of CD42b+CD14+ MKs in vivo that exhibit high expression of genes associated with immune responses and can also be derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro. Furthermore, we identified THBS1 as an early marker for MK-biased embryonic endothelial cells. Overall, we provide important insights and invaluable resources for dissection of the molecular and cellular programs underlying early human megakaryopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Changlu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shujuan Shi
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zhijie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Meijuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Baiming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Chunyu Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lihong Bian
- Department of Gynecology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China; Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang J, Luan J, Shen Y, Chen B. Developments in the production of platelets from stem cells (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:7. [PMID: 33179095 PMCID: PMC7673345 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small pieces of cytoplasm that have become detached from the cytoplasm of mature megakaryocytes (MKs) in the bone marrow. Platelets modulate vascular system integrity and serve important role, particularly in hemostasis. With the rapid development of clinical medicine, the demand for platelet transfusion as a life‑saving intervention increases continuously. Stem cell technology appears to be highly promising for transfusion medicine, and the generation of platelets from stem cells would be of great value in the clinical setting. Furthermore, several studies have been undertaken to investigate the potential of producing platelets from stem cells. Initial success has been achieved in terms of the yields and function of platelets generated from stem cells. However, the requirements of clinical practice remain unmet. The aim of the present review was to focus on several sources of stem cells and factors that induce MK differentiation. Updated information on current research into the genetic regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet generation was summarized. Additionally, advanced strategies of platelet generation were reviewed and the progress made in this field was discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Luan
- Jinling Hospital Department of Blood Transfusion, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stegner D, Heinze KG. Intravital imaging of megakaryocytes. Platelets 2020; 31:599-609. [PMID: 32153253 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1738366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of platelet formation could only be investigated since the development of two-photon microscopy in combination with suitable fluorescent labeling strategies. In this review paper, we give an overview of recent advances in fluorescence imaging of the bone marrow that have contributed to our understanding of platelet biogenesis during the last decade. We make a brief survey through the perspectives and limitations of today's intravital imaging, but also discuss complementary methods that may help to piece together the puzzle of megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nurden AT, Nurden P. Inherited thrombocytopenias: history, advances and perspectives. Haematologica 2020; 105:2004-2019. [PMID: 32527953 PMCID: PMC7395261 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.233197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 100 years the role of platelets in hemostatic events and their production by megakaryocytes have gradually been defined. Progressively, thrombocytopenia was recognized as a cause of bleeding, first through an acquired immune disorder; then, since 1948, when Bernard-Soulier syndrome was first described, inherited thrombocytopenia became a fascinating example of Mendelian disease. The platelet count is often severely decreased and platelet size variable; associated platelet function defects frequently aggravate bleeding. Macrothrombocytopenia with variable proportions of enlarged platelets is common. The number of circulating platelets will depend on platelet production, consumption and lifespan. The bulk of macrothrombocytopenias arise from defects in megakaryopoiesis with causal variants in transcription factor genes giving rise to altered stem cell differentiation and changes in early megakaryocyte development and maturation. Genes encoding surface receptors, cytoskeletal and signaling proteins also feature prominently and Sanger sequencing associated with careful phenotyping has allowed their early classification. It quickly became apparent that many inherited thrombocytopenias are syndromic while others are linked to an increased risk of hematologic malignancies. In the last decade, the application of next-generation sequencing, including whole exome sequencing, and the use of gene platforms for rapid testing have greatly accelerated the discovery of causal genes and extended the list of variants in more common disorders. Genes linked to an increased platelet turnover and apoptosis have also been identified. The current challenges are now to use next-generation sequencing in first-step screening and to define bleeding risk and treatment better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan T Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Pessac, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Intercellular crosstalk of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis: New insights into therapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104720. [PMID: 32092405 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic wound-healing process characterized by the net accumulation of extracellular matrix. There is no efficient antifibrotic therapy other than liver transplantation to date. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major cellular source of matrix-producing myofibroblasts, playing a central role in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. Paracrine signals from resident and inflammatory cells such as hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic macrophages, natural killer/natural killer T cells, biliary epithelial cells, hepatic progenitor cells, and platelets can directly or indirectly regulate HSC differentiation and activation. Intercellular crosstalk between HSCs and those "responded" cells has been a critical event involved in HSC activation and fibrogenesis. This review summarizes recent advancement regarding intercellular communication between HSCs and other "responded cells" during liver fibrosis and experimental models of intercellular crosstalk systems, and provides novel ideas for potential antifibrotic therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
|
21
|
Amelirad A, Shamsasenjan K, Akbarzadehlaleh P, Pashoutan Sarvar D. Signaling Pathways of Receptors Involved in Platelet Activation and Shedding of These Receptors in Stored Platelets. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:38-47. [PMID: 31011556 PMCID: PMC6468227 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
All cells encounter various signals coming from the surrounding environment and they need to receive and respond to these signals in order to perform their functions. Cell surface receptors are responsible for signal transduction .Platelets are blood cells which perform several functions using diverse receptors. Platelet concentrate is one of the most consumed blood products. However, due to the short lifespan of the platelets and platelets damage during storage, we face shortage of platelet products. One of the damages that platelets undergo during storage is the loss of surface receptors. Since cell surface receptors are responsible for all cell functions, the loss of platelet receptors reduces the quality of platelet products. In this study, we reviewed the important receptors involved in platelet activation and their associated signaling pathways. We also looked at the platelet receptors that shed during storage and the causes of this incident. We found that GPIbα, P-selectin, CD40 and GPVI are platelet receptors that fall during platelet storage at room temperature. Considering that GPVI and GPIbα are the most important receptors which involved in platelet activation, their shedding can cause decrease in platelet activation after transfusion and decrease thrombus consistence. Shear stress and platelet contact with the container wall are among the mechanisms discussed in this process, but studies in this area have to be continued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asra Amelirad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Shamsasenjan
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Akbarzadehlaleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhuge C, Mackey MC, Lei J. Origins of oscillation patterns in cyclical thrombocytopenia. J Theor Biol 2019; 462:432-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Lopez JJ, El Haouari M, Jardin I, Alonso N, Regodon S, Diez-Bello R, Redondo PC, Rosado JA. Flavonoids and Platelet-Derived Thrombotic Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:7035-7047. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180417170218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
:
Thrombotic disorders are characterized by an increase in the probability of the
formation of unnecessary thrombi that might be due to the activation of the coagulation cascade
or the circulating platelets. Platelets or thrombocytes play an essential role in hemostasis
but abnormal platelet function leads to the development of a number of cardiovascular
complications, including thrombotic disorders. Under pathological conditions, platelets are
associated with the development of different thrombotic disorders, including atherosclerosis,
arterial thrombosis and stroke, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism; therefore,
platelets are the target of a number of anti-thrombotic strategies. Flavonoids, a large group
of polyphenols ubiquitously expressed in fruits and vegetables that have attracted considerable
attention because of their benefits in human health, including the reduction of the risk
of cardiovascular disease. Flavonoids have been reported to reduce platelet activity by attenuating
agonist-induced GPIIb/IIIa receptor activation, mobilization of intracellular free
Ca2+, granule exocytosis, as well as activation of different signaling molecules such as mitogen-
activated protein kinases or phospholipases. This review summarizes the current studies
concerning the modulation of platelet activation by flavonoids, giving especial attention to
those events associated to thrombotic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose J. Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mohammed El Haouari
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Laboratoire des Matériaux, Substances Naturelles, Environnement et Modélisation (LMSNEM), Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, B.P. 1223, Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Nieves Alonso
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Infanta Cristina, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Sergio Regodon
- Department of Animal Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Diez-Bello
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro C. Redondo
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A. Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Megakaryocytes and platelets from a novel human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell line. Blood 2018; 133:633-643. [PMID: 30487128 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-04-842641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical need for platelet transfusions is increasing; however, donor-dependent platelet transfusions are associated with practical problems, such as the limited supply and the risk of infection. Thus, we developed a manufacturing system for platelets from a donor-independent cell source: a human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cell line (ASCL). The ASCL was obtained using an upside-down culture flask method and satisfied the minimal criteria for defining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by The International Society for Cellular Therapy. The ASCL showed its proliferation capacity for ≥2 months without any abnormal karyotypes. The ASCL was cultured in megakaryocyte induction media. ASCL-derived megakaryocytes were obtained, with a peak at day 8 of culture, and ASCL-derived platelets (ASCL-PLTs) were obtained, with a peak at day 12 of culture. We observed that CD42b+ cells expressed an MSC marker (CD90) which is related to cell adhesion. Compared with peripheral platelets, ASCL-PLTs exhibit higher levels of PAC1 binding, P-selectin surface exposure, ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation, and ADP-induced platelet aggregation, as well as similar levels of fibrinogen binding and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. ASCL-PLTs have lower epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. The pattern of in vivo kinetics after infusion into irradiated immunodeficient NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice was similar to that of platelet concentrates. ASCL-PLTs have similar characteristics to those of peripheral platelets and might have an additional function as MSCs. The establishment of the ASCL and its differentiation into ASCL-PLTs do not require gene transfer, and endogenous thrombopoietin is used for differentiation. The present protocol is a simple method that does not require feeder cells, further enhancing the clinical application of our approach.
Collapse
|
25
|
Dhenge A, Kuhikar R, Kale V, Limaye L. Regulation of differentiation of MEG01 to megakaryocytes and platelet-like particles by Valproic acid through Notch3 mediated actin polymerization. Platelets 2018; 30:780-795. [PMID: 30332548 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1528344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the HDAC inhibitors used for the treatment of neurological disorders and hematological malignancies. Its role in self-renewal and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is well studied, but little is known about its involvement in regulating megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. In this study, we evaluated the role of VPA in megakaryopoiesis by using MEG-01, a megakaryoblast cell line. Our results show that VPA treatment differentiates MEG-01 cells to megakaryocytes (MK) and platelet-like particles. It was confirmed by augmented expression of MK and PLT-specific markers, higher ploidy, and PLT functionality. We assessed the molecular events underlying megakaryopoiesis. In the present study, we found an upregulation of Notch3 and its downstream target PDGFR-β upon VPA treatment. The direct role of Notch3 in megakaryopoiesis has not yet been studied. PDGFR-β is known to control actin organization during vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. The actin cytoskeleton plays important role during proplatelet and PLT formation. We found an upregulation of Rac/Cdc42 GTPase and its downstream effectors that are the key players during actin polymerization events. We speculate that VPA induces PLT formation through Notch-3 signaling that in turn modulates actin polymerization that is one of the crucial steps necessary for thrombopoiesis. These studies were also confirmed with knockdown of Notch3 in MEG01 by using ShRNA approach as well as with apheresis-derived CD34+ cells. Altogether, these findings provide an evidence for a novel role of Notch3 in regulating platelet formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dhenge
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex , Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| | - Rutuja Kuhikar
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex , Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex , Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| | - Lalita Limaye
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex , Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Raslova H, Vainchenker W, Plo I. Eltrombopag, a potent stimulator of megakaryopoiesis. Haematologica 2018; 101:1443-1445. [PMID: 27903709 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.153668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Raslova
- INSERM, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zufferey A, Speck ER, Machlus KR, Aslam R, Guo L, McVey MJ, Kim M, Kapur R, Boilard E, Italiano JE, Semple JW. Mature murine megakaryocytes present antigen-MHC class I molecules to T cells and transfer them to platelets. Blood Adv 2017; 1:1773-1785. [PMID: 29296823 PMCID: PMC5728336 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017007021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are bone marrow-derived cells that are primarily responsible for generating platelets for the maintenance of hemostasis. Although MK can variably express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules during their differentiation, little is known whether they can elicit nonhemostatic immune functions such as T-cell activation. Here, we demonstrate that mature CD34- MHC class II- CD41+ MKs can endocytose exogenous ovalbumin (OVA) and proteolytically generate its immunogenic peptide ligand, which is crosspresented on their surface in association with MHC class I molecules. This crosspresentation triggered in vitro and in vivo OVA-specific CD8+ T-cell activation and proliferation. In addition, the OVA-MHC class I complexes were transferred from MK to pro-platelets upon thrombopoiesis in vitro. MK could also present endogenous MK-associated (CD61) peptides to activate CD61-specific CD8+ T cells and mediate immune thrombocytopenia in vivo. These results suggest that, in addition to their hemostatic role, mature MKs can significantly affect antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses via antigen presentation and are able to spread this immunogenic information through platelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Zufferey
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Edwin R Speck
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kellie R Machlus
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rukhsana Aslam
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Li Guo
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark J McVey
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Anesthesia and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rick Kapur
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph E Italiano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA
| | - John W Semple
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Pharmacology, Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; and
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Thrombopoiesis is spatially regulated by the bone marrow vasculature. Nat Commun 2017; 8:127. [PMID: 28743899 PMCID: PMC5527048 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, megakaryocytes (MKs) in the bone marrow (BM) produce blood platelets, required for hemostasis and thrombosis. MKs originate from hematopoietic stem cells and are thought to migrate from an endosteal niche towards the vascular sinusoids during their maturation. Through imaging of MKs in the intact BM, here we show that MKs can be found within the entire BM, without a bias towards bone-distant regions. By combining in vivo two-photon microscopy and in situ light-sheet fluorescence microscopy with computational simulations, we reveal surprisingly slow MK migration, limited intervascular space, and a vessel-biased MK pool. These data challenge the current thrombopoiesis model of MK migration and support a modified model, where MKs at sinusoids are replenished by sinusoidal precursors rather than cells from a distant periostic niche. As MKs do not need to migrate to reach the vessel, therapies to increase MK numbers might be sufficient to raise platelet counts.Megakaryocyte maturation is thought to occur as the cells migrate from a vessel-distant (endosteal) niche to the vessel within the bone. Here, the authors show that megakaryocytes represent largely sessile cells in close contact with the vasculature and homogeneously distributed in the bone marrow.
Collapse
|
29
|
Dhenge A, Limbkar K, Melinkeri S, Kale VP, Limaye L. Arachidonic acid and Docosahexanoic acid enhance platelet formation from human apheresis-derived CD34 + cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:979-990. [PMID: 28388313 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1312233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An Aberration in megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis, 2 important processes that maintain hemostasis, leads to thrombocytopenia. Though platelet transfusions are used to treat this condition, blood banks frequently face a shortage of platelets. Therefore, methods to generate platelets on a large scale are strongly desirable. However, to generate megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets (PLTs) in numbers sufficient for clinical application, it is essential to understand the mechanism of platelet production and explore efficient strategies accordingly. We have earlier reported that the N-6 and N-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), Arachidonic acid (AA)/Docosahexanoic acid (DHA) have beneficial effect on the generation of MKs and PLTs from umbilical cord blood derived CD34+ cells. Here we tested if a similar effect is observed with peripheral blood derived CD34+ cells, which are more commonly used in transplantation settings. We found a significant enhancement in cell numbers, surface marker expression, cellular ploidy and expression of cytoskeletal components during PLT biogenesis in cultures exposed to media containing AA/DHA than control cultures that were not exposed to these PUFAs. The test cells engrafted more efficiently in NOD/SCID mice than control cells. AA/DHA appears to have enhanced MK/PLT generation through upregulation of the NOTCH and AKT pathways. Our data show that PUFAs could be valuable additives in the culture system for large scale production of platelets for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dhenge
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| | - Kedar Limbkar
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| | - Sameer Melinkeri
- b Blood and Marrow Transplant Unit, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital , Pune , India
| | - Vaijayanti Prakash Kale
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| | - Lalita Limaye
- a National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus , Pune , India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Plo I, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Mosca M, Mazzi S, Marty C, Vainchenker W. Genetic Alterations of the Thrombopoietin/MPL/JAK2 Axis Impacting Megakaryopoiesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:234. [PMID: 28955303 PMCID: PMC5600916 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryopoiesis is an original and complex cell process which leads to the formation of platelets. The homeostatic production of platelets is mainly regulated and controlled by thrombopoietin (TPO) and the TPO receptor (MPL)/JAK2 axis. Therefore, any hereditary or acquired abnormality affecting this signaling axis can result in thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytosis can be due to genetic alterations that affect either the intrinsic MPL signaling through gain-of-function (GOF) activity (MPL, JAK2, CALR) and loss-of-function (LOF) activity of negative regulators (CBL, LNK) or the extrinsic MPL signaling by THPO GOF mutations leading to increased TPO synthesis. Alternatively, thrombocytosis may paradoxically result from mutations of MPL leading to an abnormal MPL trafficking, inducing increased TPO levels by alteration of its clearance. In contrast, thrombocytopenia can also result from LOF THPO or MPL mutations, which cause a complete defect in MPL trafficking to the cell membrane, impaired MPL signaling or stability, defects in the TPO/MPL interaction, or an absence of TPO production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Plo
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, UMR1170, Villejuif, France
| | - Christine Bellanné-Chantelot
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Genetics, AP-HP Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Mosca
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, UMR1170, Villejuif, France
| | - Stefania Mazzi
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Marty
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, UMR1170, Villejuif, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR1170, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, UMR1170, Villejuif, France
- *Correspondence: William Vainchenker,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nurhayati RW, Ojima Y, Taya M. Recent developments in ex vivo platelet production. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2211-2221. [PMID: 27002966 PMCID: PMC5101314 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The platelet is a component of blood that functions to initiate blood clotting. Abnormal platelet count and function can lead to a life-threatening condition caused by excessive bleeding. At present, platelet supply for transfusion can be obtained only from platelet donation. However, platelets cannot be stored for longer than 7 days, meaning that routine isolation is required to maintain platelet supply for transfusion. To mitigate for potential platelet shortages, several strategies have been proposed to generate platelets ex vivo. By employing both of natural and artificial approaches, several researchers have successfully generated biomaterials with characteristics similar to human-derived platelets. Their reports indicated that the biomaterials could mimic the aggregation of human-isolated platelets, further suggesting the possibility to substitute or complement human-isolated platelets. The current review summarizes the progress in ex vivo platelet production and gives a prospect for the possible approaches to achieving a feasible platelet factory, based on the Good Manufacturing Practice standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Retno Wahyu Nurhayati
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ojima
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Masahito Taya
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
miR-125b modulates megakaryocyte maturation by targeting the cell-cycle inhibitor p19 INK4D. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2430. [PMID: 27763644 PMCID: PMC5133966 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in megakaryocyte maturation will facilitate the generation of platelets in vitro and their clinical applications. A microRNA, miR-125b, has been suggested to have important roles in the self-renewal of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors and in platelet generation. However, miR-125b is also critical for hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. Thus, the function of miR-125b and the complex signaling pathways regulating megakaryopoiesis remain to be elucidated. In this study, an attentive examination of the endogenous expression of miR-125b during megakaryocyte differentiation was performed. Accordingly, the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells requires the downregulation of miR-125b, whereas megakaryocyte determination and maturation synchronize with miR-125b accumulation. The overexpression of miR-125b improves megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 and UT-7 cells. Furthermore, stage-specific overexpression of miR-125b in primary cells demonstrates that miR-125b mediates an enhancement of megakaryocytic differentiation after megakaryocyte determination, the stage at which megakaryocytes are negative for the expression of the hematopoietic progenitor marker CD34. The identification of miR-125b targets during megakaryopoiesis was focused on negative regulators of cell cycle because the transition of the G1/S phase has been associated with megakaryocyte polyploidization. Real-time PCR, western blot and luciferase reporter assay reveal that p19INK4D is a direct target of miR-125b. P19INK4D knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in megakaryocyte-induced K562 cells, UT-7 cells and CD61+ promegakaryocytes results in S-phase progression and increased polyploidy, as well as improved megakaryocyte differentiation, similarly to the effects of miR-125b overexpression. P19INK4D overexpression reverses these effects, as indicated by reduced expression of megakaryocyte markers, G1-phase arrest and polyploidy decrease. P19INK4D knockdown in miR-125b downregulated cells or p19INK4D overexpression in miR-125b upregulated cells rescued the effect of miR-125b. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-125b expression positively regulates megakaryocyte development since the initial phases of megakaryocyte determination, and p19INK4D is one of the key mediators of miR-125b activity during the onset of megakaryocyte polyploidization.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zang C, Luyten A, Chen J, Liu XS, Shivdasani RA. NF-E2, FLI1 and RUNX1 collaborate at areas of dynamic chromatin to activate transcription in mature mouse megakaryocytes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30255. [PMID: 27457419 PMCID: PMC4960521 DOI: 10.1038/srep30255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in mouse and human Nfe2, Fli1 and Runx1 cause thrombocytopenia. We applied genome-wide chromatin dynamics and ChIP-seq to determine these transcription factors’ (TFs) activities in terminal megakaryocyte (MK) maturation. Enhancers with H3K4me2-marked nucleosome pairs were most enriched for NF-E2, FLI and RUNX sequence motifs, suggesting that this TF triad controls much of the late MK program. ChIP-seq revealed NF-E2 occupancy near previously implicated target genes, whose expression is compromised in Nfe2-null cells, and many other genes that become active late in MK differentiation. FLI and RUNX were also the motifs most enriched near NF-E2 binding sites and ChIP-seq implicated FLI1 and RUNX1 in activation of late MK, including NF-E2-dependent, genes. Histones showed limited activation in regions of single TF binding, while enhancers that bind NF-E2 and either RUNX1, FLI1 or both TFs gave the highest signals for TF occupancy and H3K4me2; these enhancers associated best with genes activated late in MK maturation. Thus, three essential TFs co-occupy late-acting cis-elements and show evidence for additive activity at genes responsible for platelet assembly and release. These findings provide a rich dataset of TF and chromatin dynamics in primary MK and explain why individual TF losses cause thrombopocytopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhi Zang
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Annouck Luyten
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justina Chen
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ramesh A Shivdasani
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ono-Uruga Y, Tozawa K, Horiuchi T, Murata M, Okamoto S, Ikeda Y, Suda T, Matsubara Y. Human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells can differentiate into megakaryocytes and platelets by secreting endogenous thrombopoietin. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1285-97. [PMID: 26990635 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials Manufacturing platelets from a donor-independent source is highlighted in transfusion medicine. We examined the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) into platelets. Endogenous thrombopoietin (TPO) induced ASCs differentiation into megakaryocytes and platelets. TPO secretion from ASCs was due to an interaction of transferrin with its receptor CD71. SUMMARY Background Ex vivo production of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets from a donor-independent source is currently of intense interest in transfusion medicine. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) constitute an attractive candidate cell source, because inducing these cells into MK lineages requires no gene transfer and only endogenous transcription factors containing p45NF-E2/Maf, an MK-inducing factor. Objectives To examine whether ASCs differentiate into MK lineages by using endogenous thrombopoietin (TPO), a primary cytokine that drives MK lineages. Methods TPO levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA. To investigate the effects of endogenous TPO on MK and platelet production, surface marker expression and functions for platelets were analyzed in ASC-derived cells cultured in the presence or absence of recombinant TPO. Based on a screening test, the role of transferrin receptor CD71 in TPO production and MK differentiation was examined with anti-CD71 antibody, small interfering RNA (siRNA) against CD71 (siRNA-CD71), and CD71-positive/negative cells. Results ASCs secreted TPO during MK differentiation, and the endogenous TPO facilitated MK and platelet production from ASCs. TPO secretion from ASCs occurred in a transferrin-dependent manner. ASCs treated with anti-CD71 antibody or transfected with siRNA-CD71 produced markedly less TPO. The TPO levels and MK yield were significantly higher when CD71-positive ASCs were used than when CD71-negative ASCs were used. Conclusions CD71 might be an appropriate marker for MK progenitor cells among human ASCs, because of the higher capacity of CD71-positive cells to produce TPO and their ability to differentiate into MKs. These findings could help to establish an efficient method for platelet production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ono-Uruga
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Tozawa
- Division of Hematology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Horiuchi
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Murata
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Division of Hematology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- Division of Hematology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Suda
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y Matsubara
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kurokawa T, Zheng YW, Ohkohchi N. Novel functions of platelets in the liver. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:745-51. [PMID: 26632220 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelets contain not only proteins needed for hemostasis but also many growth factors that are required for organ development, tissue regeneration, and repair. Thrombocytopenia, which is frequently observed in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis, is due to various causes, such as decreased thrombopoietin production and accelerated platelet destruction caused by hypersplenism; however, the relationship between thrombocytopenia and hepatic pathogenesis and the role of platelets in CLD are poorly understood. Thus, in this paper, the experimental evidence for platelets improving liver fibrosis and accelerating liver regeneration is summarized and addressed based on studies conducted in our laboratory and current progress reports from other investigators. Platelets improve liver fibrosis by inactivating hepatic stellate cells to decrease collagen production. The level of intracellular cAMP is increased by adenosine through its receptors on hepatic stellate cells, thereby resulting in inactivation of these cells. Adenosine is produced by degradation of adenine nucleotides, which are stored in abundance within the dense granules of platelets. The regenerative effect of platelets in the liver consists of three mechanisms: a direct effect on hepatocytes, a cooperative effect with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and a collaborative effect with Kupffer cells. Based on these experiments, a clinical trial suggested that the increase in platelets induced by platelet transfusion improved liver function in patients with CLD in a clinical setting.We highlight the current knowledge concerning the role of platelets in CLD and expect to open a novel avenue for application of these clinical therapies to treat liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kurokawa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Organ Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Organ Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ohkohchi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Organ Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Podoplanin-positive periarteriolar stromal cells promote megakaryocyte growth and proplatelet formation in mice by CLEC-2. Blood 2016; 127:1701-10. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-08-663708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
BM FRC-like cells regulate megakaryocytic clonal expansion via CLEC-2/PDPN interactions. CLEC-2/PDPN binding stimulates BM FRC-like cells to secrete the proplatelet formation-promoting factor, CCL5.
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu HD, Zhang AJ, Xu JJ, Chen Y, Zhu YC. H2S protects against fatal myelosuppression by promoting the generation of megakaryocytes/platelets. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:13. [PMID: 26912146 PMCID: PMC4766725 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous pilot studies aimed to examine the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the generation of endothelial progenitor cells led to an unexpected result, i.e., H2S promoted the differentiation of certain hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in the bone marrow. This gave rise to an idea that H2S might promote hematopoiesis. Methods To test this idea, a mice model of myelosuppression and cultured fetal liver cells were used to examine the role of H2S in hematopoiesis. Results H2S promoted the generation of megakaryocytes, increased platelet levels, ameliorate entorrhagia, and improved survival. These H2S effects were blocked in both in vivo and in vitro models with thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor knockout mice (c-mpl−/− mice). In contrast, H2S promoted megakaryocytes/platelets generation in both in vivo and in vitro models with TPO knockout mice (TPO−/− mice). Conclusions H2S is a novel promoter for megakaryopoiesis by acting on the TPO receptors but not TPO to generate megakaryocytes/platelets. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0244-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Di Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine in Henan Province, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ai-Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Chun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Luff SA, Papoutsakis ET. Megakaryocytic Maturation in Response to Shear Flow Is Mediated by the Activator Protein 1 (AP-1) Transcription Factor via Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Mechanotransduction. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:7831-43. [PMID: 26814129 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.707174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are exposed to shear flow as they migrate from the bone marrow hematopoietic compartment into circulation to release pro/preplatelets into circulating blood. Shear forces promote DNA synthesis, polyploidization, and maturation in MKs, and platelet biogenesis. To investigate mechanisms underlying these MK responses to shear, we carried out transcriptional analysis on immature and mature stem cell-derived MKs exposed to physiological shear. In immature (day (d)9) MKs, shear exposure up-regulated genes related to growth and MK maturation, whereas in mature (d12) MKs, it up-regulated genes involved in apoptosis and intracellular transport. Following shear-flow exposure, six activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcripts (ATF4,JUNB,JUN,FOSB,FOS, andJUND) were up-regulated at d9 and two AP-1 proteins (JunD and c-Fos) were up-regulated both at d9 and d12. We show that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is linked to both the shear stress response and AP-1 up-regulation. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation increased significantly following shear stimulation, whereas JNK inhibition reduced shear-induced JunD expression. Although p38 phosphorylation did not increase following shear flow, its inhibition reduced shear-induced JunD and c-Fos expression. JNK inhibition reduced fibrinogen binding and P-selectin expression of d12 platelet-like particles (PLPs), whereas p38 inhibition reduced fibrinogen binding of d12 PLPs. AP-1 expression correlated with increased MK DNA synthesis and polyploidization, which might explain the observed impact of shear on MKs. To summarize, we show that MK exposure to shear forces results in JNK activation, AP-1 up-regulation, and downstream transcriptional changes that promote maturation of immature MKs and platelet biogenesis in mature MKs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Luff
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, and
| | - Eleftherios T Papoutsakis
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Avanzi MP, Oluwadara OE, Cushing MM, Mitchell ML, Fischer S, Mitchell WB. A novel bioreactor and culture method drives high yields of platelets from stem cells. Transfusion 2015; 56:170-8. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - W. Beau Mitchell
- New York Blood Center; New York New York
- Weill Cornell Medical College; New York New York
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Marcos AT, Ramos MS, Marcos JF, Carmona L, Strauss J, Cánovas D. Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in Aspergillus. Mol Microbiol 2015; 99:15-33. [PMID: 26353949 PMCID: PMC4982101 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signalling molecule involved in many biological processes in bacteria, plants and mammals. However, little is known about the role and biosynthesis of NO in fungi. Here we show that NO production is increased at the early stages of the transition from vegetative growth to development in Aspergillus nidulans. Full NO production requires a functional nitrate reductase (NR) gene (niaD) that is upregulated upon induction of conidiation, even under N‐repressing conditions in the presence of ammonium. At this stage, NO homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis (NR) and catabolism (flavohaemoglobins). niaD and flavohaemoglobin fhbA are transiently upregulated upon induction of conidiation, and both regulators AreA and NirA are necessary for this transcriptional response. The second flavohaemoglobin gene fhbB shows a different expression profile being moderately expressed during the early stages of the transition phase from vegetative growth to conidiation, but it is strongly induced 24 h later. NO levels influence the balance between conidiation and sexual reproduction because artificial strong elevation of NO levels reduced conidiation and induced the formation of cleistothecia. The nitrate‐independent and nitrogen metabolite repression‐insensitive transcriptional upregulation of niaD during conidiation suggests a novel role for NR in linking metabolism and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Marcos
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - María S Ramos
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose F Marcos
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Carmona
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Joseph Strauss
- Fungal Genetics and Genomics Unit, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Health and Environment, Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Vienna, Austria
| | - David Cánovas
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang X, Schröder HC, Müller WEG. Polyphosphate as a metabolic fuel in Metazoa: A foundational breakthrough invention for biomedical applications. Biotechnol J 2015; 11:11-30. [PMID: 26356505 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In animals, energy-rich molecules like ATP are generated in the intracellular compartment from metabolites, e.g. glucose, taken up by the cells. Recent results revealed that inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) can provide an extracellular system for energy transport and delivery. These polymers of multiple phosphate units, linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, use blood platelets as transport vehicles to reach their target cells. In this review it is outlined how polyP affects cell metabolism. It is discussed that polyP influences cell activity in a dual way: (i) as a metabolic fuel transferring metabolic energy through the extracellular space; and (ii) as a signaling molecule that amplifies energy/ATP production in mitochondria. Several metabolic pathways are triggered by polyP, among them biomineralization/hydroxyapatite formation onto bone cells. The accumulation of polyP in the platelets allows long-distance transport of the polymer in the extracellular space. The discovery of polyP as metabolic fuel and signaling molecule initiated the development of novel techniques for encapsulation of polyP into nanoparticles. They facilitate cellular uptake of the polymer by receptor-mediated endocytosis and allow the development of novel strategies for therapy of metabolic diseases associated with deviations in energy metabolism or mitochondrial dysfunctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Essential role of class II PI3K-C2α in platelet membrane morphology. Blood 2015; 126:1128-37. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-03-636670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
PI3K-C2α controls platelet membrane structure and remodeling. PI3K-C2α is a key regulator of a basal housekeeping PI3P pool in platelets.
Collapse
|
43
|
Pietrzyk-Nivau A, Poirault-Chassac S, Gandrille S, Derkaoui SM, Kauskot A, Letourneur D, Le Visage C, Baruch D. Three-Dimensional Environment Sustains Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation into Platelet-Producing Megakaryocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136652. [PMID: 26313154 PMCID: PMC4552162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) differentiate into megakaryocytes (MK), whose function is to release platelets. Attempts to improve in vitro platelet production have been hampered by the low amplification of MK. Providing HSC with an optimal three-dimensional (3D) architecture may favor MK differentiation by mimicking some crucial functions of the bone marrow structure. To this aim, porous hydrogel scaffolds were used to study MK differentiation from HSC as well as platelet production. Flow cytometry, qPCR and perfusion studies showed that 3D was suitable for longer kinetics of CD34+ cell proliferation and for delayed megakaryocytic differentiation far beyond the limited shelf-life observed in liquid culture but also increased production of functional platelets. We provide evidence that these 3D effects were related to 1) persistence of MK progenitors and precursors and 2) prolongation of expression of EKLF and c-myb transcription factors involved in early MK differentiation. In addition, presence of abundant mature MK with increased ploidy and impressive cytoskeleton elongations was in line with expression of NF-E2 transcription factor involved in late MK differentiation. Platelets produced in flow conditions were functional as shown by integrin αIIbβ3 activation following addition of exogenous agonists. This study demonstrates that spatial organization and biological cues synergize to improve MK differentiation and platelet production. Thus, 3D environment constitutes a powerful tool for unraveling the physiological mechanisms of megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in the bone marrow environment, potentially leading to an improved amplification of MK and platelet production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie Gandrille
- INSERM, UMR-S 1140, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Department of Hematology, Paris, France
| | - Sidi-Mohammed Derkaoui
- INSERM, UMR-S 1148, University Paris Diderot, Paris; University Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Alexandre Kauskot
- INSERM, UMR-S 1140, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- INSERM, UMR-S 1148, University Paris Diderot, Paris; University Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Catherine Le Visage
- INSERM, UMR-S 1148, University Paris Diderot, Paris; University Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Dominique Baruch
- INSERM, UMR-S 1140, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Samet I, Villareal MO, Motojima H, Han J, Sayadi S, Isoda H. Olive leaf components apigenin 7-glucoside and luteolin 7-glucoside direct human hematopoietic stem cell differentiation towards erythroid lineage. Differentiation 2015; 89:146-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
45
|
Ahluwalia M, Butcher L, Donovan H, Killick-Cole C, Jones PM, Erusalimsky JD. The gene expression signature of anagrelide provides an insight into its mechanism of action and uncovers new regulators of megakaryopoiesis. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:1103-12. [PMID: 25851510 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anagrelide is a cytoreductive agent used to lower platelet counts in essential thrombocythemia. Although the drug has been known to selectively inhibit megakaryopoiesis for many years, the molecular mechanism accounting for this activity is still unclear. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To address this issue we have compared the global gene expression profiles of human hematopoietic cells treated ex-vivo with and without anagrelide while growing under megakaryocyte differentiation conditions, using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays. Gene expression data were validated by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and mined to identify functional subsets and regulatory pathways. RESULTS We identified 328 annotated genes differentially regulated by anagrelide, including many genes associated with platelet functions and with the control of gene transcription. Prominent among the latter was TRIB3, whose expression increased in the presence of anagrelide. Pathway analysis revealed that anagrelide up-regulated genes that are under the control of the transcription factor ATF4, a known TRIB3 inducer. Notably, immunoblot analysis demonstrated that anagrelide induced the phosphorylation of eIF2α, which is an upstream regulator of ATF4, and increased ATF4 protein levels. Furthermore, salubrinal, an inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation, increased the expression of ATF4-regulated genes and blocked megakaryocyte growth. CONCLUSIONS These findings link signaling through eIF2α/ATF4 to the anti-megakaryopoietic activity of anagrelide and identify new potential modulators of megakaryopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ahluwalia
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - L Butcher
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - H Donovan
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Killick-Cole
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - P M Jones
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J D Erusalimsky
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tallmadge RL, Shen L, Tseng CT, Miller SC, Barry J, Felippe MJB. Bone marrow transcriptome and epigenome profiles of equine common variable immunodeficiency patients unveil block of B lymphocyte differentiation. Clin Immunol 2015; 160:261-76. [PMID: 25988861 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a late-onset humoral deficiency characterized by B lymphocyte dysfunction or loss, decreased immunoglobulin production, and recurrent bacterial infections. CVID is the most frequent human primary immunodeficiency but still presents challenges in the understanding of its etiology and treatment. CVID in equine patients manifests with a natural impairment of B lymphocyte differentiation, and is a unique model to identify genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of disease. Bone marrow transcriptome analyses revealed decreased expression of genes indicative of the pro-B cell differentiation stage, importantly PAX5 (p≤0.023). We hypothesized that aberrant epigenetic regulation caused PAX5 gene silencing, resulting in the late-onset and non-familial manifestation of CVID. A significant increase in PAX5 enhancer region methylation was identified in equine CVID patients by genome-wide reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing and bisulfite PCR sequencing (p=0.000). Thus, we demonstrate that integrating transcriptomics and epigenetics in CVID enlightens potential mechanisms of dysfunctional B lymphopoiesis or function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Tallmadge
- Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lishuang Shen
- Cornell Mammalian Cell Reprogramming Core, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Chia T Tseng
- Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Steven C Miller
- Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jay Barry
- Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M Julia B Felippe
- Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gacek-Matthews A, Noble LM, Gruber C, Berger H, Sulyok M, Marcos AT, Strauss J, Andrianopoulos A. KdmA, a histone H3 demethylase with bipartite function, differentially regulates primary and secondary metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. Mol Microbiol 2015; 96:839-60. [PMID: 25712266 PMCID: PMC4949671 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus nidulans kdmA encodes a member of the KDM4 family of jumonji histone demethylase proteins, highly similar to metazoan orthologues both within functional domains and in domain architecture. This family of proteins exhibits demethylase activity towards lysines 9 and 36 of histone H3 and plays a prominent role in gene expression and chromosome structure in many species. Mass spectrometry mapping of A. nidulans histones revealed that around 3% of bulk histone H3 carried trimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me3) but more than 90% of histones carried either H3K36me2 or H3K36me3. KdmA functions as H3K36me3 demethylase and has roles in transcriptional regulation. Genetic manipulation of KdmA levels is tolerated without obvious effect in most conditions, but strong phenotypes are evident under various conditions of stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed that – in submerged early and late cultures – between 25% and 30% of the genome is under KdmA influence respectively. Transcriptional imbalance in the kdmA deletion mutant may contribute to the lethal phenotype observed upon exposure of mutant cells to low‐density visible light on solid medium. Although KdmA acts as transcriptional co‐repressor of primary metabolism genes, it is required for full expression of several genes involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gacek-Matthews
- Fungal Genetics and Genomics Unit, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Campus Tulln, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Luke M Noble
- Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Clemens Gruber
- Department of Chemistry, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Campus Muthgasse, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Harald Berger
- Health and Environment Department, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Campus Tulln, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department IFA Tulln, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Campus Tulln, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Ana T Marcos
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, 41012, Spain
| | - Joseph Strauss
- Fungal Genetics and Genomics Unit, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Campus Tulln, Tulln, 3430, Austria.,Health and Environment Department, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Campus Tulln, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Simmons PJ, Robinson SN, Munsell MF, Thomas MW, Javni JA, Brouard N, Zweidler-McKay PA, Shpall EJ. Expression of a surface antigen (MA6) by peripheral blood CD34+ cells is correlated with improved platelet engraftment and may explain delayed platelet engraftment following cord blood transplantation. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1066-72. [PMID: 25674667 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
CD34(+) cell dose provides a measure of hematopoietic tissue that predicts the rate of engraftment upon transplant. It is positively correlated with multiple measures of hematopoietic recovery, including platelet engraftment. Here we identify a subpopulation of CD34(+) cells that coexpress a surface antigen--MA6, which is more positively correlated with platelet engraftment in a clinical setting than CD34(+) alone. The specific identity and function of MA6 remain to be determined, however, it is expressed by primitive megakaryocyte (MK) progenitors, but is lost with differentiation and is not expressed by platelets. Commitment of CD34(+)MA6(+) cells to the MK lineage was confirmed by in vitro assays and their significance in hematopoietic transplantation explored by flow cytometric analysis of cryopreserved samples of granulocyte colony stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) products along with a retrospective analysis of platelet engraftment data. Platelet engraftment by day 21 was predicted by receipt of ≥ 6 × 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg or ≥ 0.3 × 10(6) CD34(+)MA6(+) cells/kg. Subsequent analysis of cord blood (CB) CD34(+) cells revealed <0.2% coexpressed MA6(+), compared to 8% of PBPC CD34(+) cells. This low proportion of CD34(+)MA6(+) cells may be responsible, at least in part, for the delayed platelet engraftment associated with CB transplantation. However, platelet engraftment is markedly improved in recipients of ex vivo-expanded CB. This may be a consequence of an increased proportion of CD34(+)MA6(+) cells present in the ex vivo-expanded product and also suggests that optimizing ex vivo culture conditions to generate CD34(+)MA6(+) cells might further improve platelet engraftment in CB recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Simmons
- 1 The Centre for Stem Cell Research, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ghassemi S, Lichius A, Bidard F, Lemoine S, Rossignol MN, Herold S, Seidl-Seiboth V, Seiboth B, Espeso EA, Margeot A, Kubicek CP. The ß-importin KAP8 (Pse1/Kap121) is required for nuclear import of the cellulase transcriptional regulator XYR1, asexual sporulation and stress resistance in Trichoderma reesei. Mol Microbiol 2015; 96:405-18. [PMID: 25626518 PMCID: PMC4390390 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ascomycete Trichoderma reesei is an industrial producer of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes, and serves as a prime model for their genetic regulation. Most of its (hemi-)cellulolytic enzymes are obligatorily dependent on the transcriptional activator XYR1. Here, we investigated the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling mechanism that transports XYR1 across the nuclear pore complex. We identified 14 karyopherins in T. reesei, of which eight were predicted to be involved in nuclear import, and produced single gene-deletion mutants of all. We found KAP8, an ortholog of Aspergillus nidulans KapI, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kap121/Pse1, to be essential for nuclear recruitment of GFP-XYR1 and cellulase gene expression. Transformation with the native gene rescued this effect. Transcriptomic analyses of Δkap8 revealed that under cellulase-inducing conditions 42 CAZymes, including all cellulases and hemicellulases known to be under XYR1 control, were significantly down-regulated. Δkap8 strains were capable of forming fertile fruiting bodies but exhibited strongly reduced conidiation both in light and darkness, and showed enhanced sensitivity towards abiotic stress, including high osmotic pressure, low pH and high temperature. Together, these data underscore the significance of nuclear import of XYR1 in cellulase and hemicellulase gene regulation in T. reesei, and identify KAP8 as the major karyopherin required for this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghassemi
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Alexander Lichius
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Fréderique Bidard
- IFP Energies nouvelles1-4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852, Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Sophie Lemoine
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENSIBENS, Plateforme Génomique, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Rossignol
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENSIBENS, Plateforme Génomique, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Silvia Herold
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Verena Seidl-Seiboth
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Bernhard Seiboth
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
- ACIB GmbH, c/o Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Eduardo A Espeso
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMadrid, Spain
| | - Antoine Margeot
- IFP Energies nouvelles1-4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852, Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Christian P Kubicek
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical EngineeringTU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
- *For correspondence. E-mail ; Tel. (+ 1) 43 1 58801 166085; Fax (+ 1) 43 1 58801 17299
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
The formin DIAPH1 (mDia1) regulates megakaryocyte proplatelet formation by remodeling the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Blood 2014; 124:3967-77. [PMID: 25298036 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-12-544924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are highly specialized precursor cells that produce platelets via cytoplasmic extensions called proplatelets. Proplatelet formation (PPF) requires profound changes in microtubule and actin organization. In this work, we demonstrated that DIAPH1 (mDia1), a mammalian homolog of Drosophila diaphanous that works as an effector of the small GTPase Rho, negatively regulates PPF by controlling the dynamics of the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Moreover, we showed that inhibition of both DIAPH1 and the Rho-associated protein kinase (Rock)/myosin pathway increased PPF via coordination of both cytoskeletons. We provide evidence that 2 major effectors of the Rho GTPase pathway (DIAPH1 and Rock/myosin II) are involved not only in Rho-mediated stress fibers assembly, but also in the regulation of microtubule stability and dynamics during PPF.
Collapse
|