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Alexander KA, Sharps P, Addison H, Bertrand D, Bauman A, Braithwaite-Hall M, Yarandi HN, Callwood G, Jemmott LS, Campbell JC. Development of an HIV/STI and partner violence health promotion intervention for abused US Virgin Islands women. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad072. [PMID: 37440255 PMCID: PMC10340080 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Women in the US Virgin Islands (USVI) experience intimate partner violence (IPV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at disproportionate rates compared to women on the US mainland. Women in violent relationships report experiencing controlling behaviours that decrease their ability to negotiate for sex using condoms or to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Though several evidence-based interventions exist to prevent either IPV or HIV, few address them through an integrated health promotion approach or attend to particular USVI cultural mores. This article describes the systematic development of a theory based, culturally tailored, integrated health promotion intervention that addresses IPV and HIV among USVI women experiencing abuse. The process included: (i) identifying and integrating evidence-based health promotion interventions, (ii) conducting formative research using focus groups, (iii) synthesizing focus group data to inform intervention development and (iv) developing a culturally and linguistically appropriate intervention specific to the needs and concerns of USVI women. The Empowered Sisters Project: Making Choices Reducing Risks (ESP) was developed through this research. ESP is a three-session health promotion curriculum focussed on enhancing sexual health and safety among women experiencing abuse. The ESP intervention components included promoting condom use, increasing IPV and HIV knowledge and developing a personalized safety plan. Health professionals facilitated individual intervention sessions using culturally tailored visual media and scripts. This program focussed on experiences of women living in the USVI and has implications for utility across the Caribbean diaspora.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phyllis Sharps
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helena Addison
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Aletha Bauman
- School of Nursing, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands
| | | | | | - Gloria Callwood
- School of Nursing, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, United States Virgin Islands
| | - Loretta S Jemmott
- College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Bond KT, Chandler R, Chapman-Lambert C, Jemmott LS, Lanier Y, Cao J, Nikpour J, Randolph SD. Applying a Nursing Perspective to Address the Challenges Experienced by Cisgender Women in the HIV Status Neutral Care Continuum: A Review of the Literature. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2021; 32:283-305. [PMID: 33929979 PMCID: PMC10688540 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The field of HIV research has grown over the past 40 years, but there remains an urgent need to address challenges that cisgender women living in the United States experience in the HIV neutral status care continuum, particularly among women such as Black women, who continue to be disproportionately burdened by HIV due to multiple levels of systemic oppression. We used a social ecological framework to provide a detailed review of the risk factors that drive the women's HIV epidemic. By presenting examples of effective approaches, best clinical practices, and identifying existing research gaps in three major categories (behavioral, biomedical, and structural), we provide an overview of the current state of research on HIV prevention among women. To illustrate a nursing viewpoint and take into account the diverse life experiences of women, we provide guidance to strengthen current HIV prevention programs. Future research should examine combined approaches for HIV prevention, and policies should be tailored to ensure that women receive effective services that are evidence-based and which they perceive as important to their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keosha T Bond
- Keosha T. Bond, EdD, MPH, CHES, is an Assistant Medical Professor, Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. Rasheeta Chandler, PhD, RN, FNP-BC, FAANP, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Crystal Chapman-Lambert, PhD, CRNP, is an Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Loretta Sweet Jemmott, PhD, RN, is Vice President, Health and Health Equity, and Professor, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Yzette Lanier, PhD, is an Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA. Jiepin Cao, MS, RN, is a Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Jacqueline Nikpour, BSN, RN, is a Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Schenita D. Randolph, PhD, MPH, RN, CNE, is an Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, and Co-director, Community Engagement Core, Duke Center for Research to Advance Healthcare Equity (REACH Equity), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Trent M, Perin J, Gaydos CA, Anders J, Chung SE, Tabacco Saeed L, Rowell J, Huettner S, Rothman R, Butz A. Efficacy of a Technology-Enhanced Community Health Nursing Intervention vs Standard of Care for Female Adolescents and Young Adults With Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e198652. [PMID: 31390037 PMCID: PMC6686980 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.8652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common reproductive health disorder that disproportionately affects female adolescents and young adults. Despite data indicating poor adherence and adverse outcomes among those who experience subsequent Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infection, few trials have been designed to address this public health need. Objective To examine the efficacy of a technology-enhanced community health nursing (TECH-N) intervention vs standard of care for improving PID self-management behaviors and 90-day longitudinal prevalence of N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis infection. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial of the TECH-N intervention was conducted among female patients 13 to 25 years of age diagnosed with mild to moderate PID who were being discharged to outpatient treatment from September 6, 2012, to December 8, 2016, at a large academic medical center. The final analysis of data was completed in November 2018. This study compared the efficacy of the intervention with that of the standard of care using an intention-to-treat analysis. Interventions Enrolled participants completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview, provided specimens for N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis testing, and were randomized to standard treatment (n = 137) or the TECH-N intervention (n = 149). Intervention participants received text-messaging support and a community health nurse visit within 5 days of diagnosis. Change in the prevalence of N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis infection was estimated with logistic regression. The N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis positivity rate over time was evaluated using generalized estimating equations. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the prevalence of N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis infection at 90-day follow-up. The secondary outcome was adherence to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for self-care. Results A total of 286 patients (mean [SD] age, 18.8 [2.5] years; 268 [93.7%] African American) participated in the study. Although the study groups were demographically similar, the intervention group had a higher baseline rate of C trachomatis infection (45 of 139 [32.4%] vs 25 of 132 [18.9%], P = .01). Although N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis positivity was not statistically different between groups at 90-day follow-up (6 of 135 [4.4%] vs 13 of 125 [10.4%], P = .07), the differential rate of decrease was significantly higher in the intervention group (48 of 140 [34.4%] to 6 of 135 [4.4%] compared with 34 of 133 [25.6%] to 13 of 112 [10.4%], P = .02). Intervention participants were more likely to receive the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-recommended short-term follow-up visit compared with the control group (131 of 139 [94.2%] vs 20 of 123 [16.3%], P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance Adolescent and young adults with PID in the TECH-N intervention were more likely to experience decreases in N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis positivity compared with the control group and to receive short-term clinical assessment. These findings suggest that the TECH-N intervention should be considered as a potential enhancement of standard of care approaches for management of female adolescents and young adults with mild to moderate PID in urban communities facing significant sexually transmitted infection disparities. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01640379.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Trent
- Section on Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jamie Perin
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charlotte A. Gaydos
- Johns Hopkins International STD Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer Anders
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shang-en Chung
- Section on Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lisa Tabacco Saeed
- Section on Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Julia Rowell
- Section on Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven Huettner
- Section on Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard Rothman
- Department of Adult Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arlene Butz
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Hallas D, Koslap-Petraco M, Fletcher J. Social-Emotional Development of Toddlers: Randomized Controlled Trial of an Office-Based Intervention. J Pediatr Nurs 2017; 33:33-40. [PMID: 27974224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During the toddler years, temper tantrums and impulsive behaviors are the norm. These behaviors can frustrate even the most experienced mothers. DESIGN AND METHODS A prospective, double blind, randomized controlled trial using pre-test/post-test experimental design was used to examine the effectiveness of an office-based educational program to improve maternal confidence and the social-emotional development of toddlers. The Toddler Care Questionnaire (TCQ) was administered to all mothers as a pre and post intervention test. The treatment intervention was a videotaped (DVD) parenting skills intervention on the social-emotional development of toddlers and on maternal confidence in caring for toddlers. RESULTS Sixty mothers and 60 toddlers entered the study with 29 mothertoddler dyads randomized to the treatment group and 31 to the control group. Twenty-six (26) mother-toddler dyads in the treatment and 25 mother-toddler dyads in the control group completed the study. Pairwise comparisons of adjusted means showed significant improvements for both toddler groups on the Brigance toddler screen, and no statistically significant difference in gains between the groups. The mixed model results for the TCQ showed an overall significant improvement from preto post-test, and a non-significant interaction between group and time indicting no significant difference in gains seen by treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Brief educational programs on DVD's are an efficient way to offer information to mothers while in the office waiting area. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Pediatric nurses who encounter mothers who struggle with caring for their toddlers may find brief-office based interventions a valuable tool for educating parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Hallas
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Mary Koslap-Petraco
- Long Island University Post, Brookville, NY, United States; Suffolk County Department of Health, Coordinator Child Health, Great River, NY, United States.
| | - Jason Fletcher
- Long Island University Post, Brookville, NY, United States.
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Wenzel SL, Cederbaum JA, Song A, Hsu HT, Craddock JB, Hantanachaikul W, Tucker JS. Pilot Test of an Adapted, Evidence-Based HIV Sexual Risk Reduction Intervention for Homeless Women. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2016; 17:112-21. [PMID: 26103921 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-015-0575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Women experiencing homelessness are at heightened risk for HIV, yet risk reduction interventions specifically designed for this population are lacking. This study reports on a pilot efficacy trial of a brief evidence-based intervention, Sister To Sister (STS), that we specifically adapted for homeless women in the temporary/emergency settings where they typically seek services. Seventy-nine women, recruited from three service sites in Los Angeles County, were assigned to the 40-min adapted STS intervention or an information-only control group. At 30-day follow-up, intervention participants reported significantly greater condom use, intentions to use condoms, and sexual impulse control (as well as marginally higher positive condom beliefs and condom self-efficacy) compared to control participants. Results provide preliminary evidence that HIV risk reduction can be achieved for homeless women through a brief skill-based intervention. A randomized controlled trial employing a longer follow-up period to monitor outcomes will be necessary to determine efficacy of the adapted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne L Wenzel
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 West 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Julie A Cederbaum
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 West 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ahyoung Song
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 West 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Hsun-Ta Hsu
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 West 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jaih B Craddock
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 West 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Wichada Hantanachaikul
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Das BB, Ronda J, Trent M. Pelvic inflammatory disease: improving awareness, prevention, and treatment. Infect Drug Resist 2016; 9:191-7. [PMID: 27578991 PMCID: PMC4998032 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s91260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common disorder of the reproductive tract that is frequently misdiagnosed and inadequately treated. PID and its complications, such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain, are preventable by screening asymptomatic patients for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and promptly treating individuals with STIs and PID. Recent findings The rates of adverse outcomes in women with PID are high and disproportionately affect young minority women. There are key opportunities for prevention including improving provider adherence with national screening guidelines for STIs and PID treatment recommendations and patient medication adherence. Nearly half of all eligible women are not screened for STIs according to national quality standards, which may increase the risk of both acute and subclinical PID. Moreover, in clinical practice, providers poorly adhere to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for treatment of PID. Additionally, patients with PID struggle to adhere to the current management strategies in the outpatient setting. Conclusion Novel evidence-based clinical and public health interventions to further reduce the rates of PID and to improve outcomes for affected women are warranted. We propose potential cost-effective approaches that could be employed in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne B Das
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jocelyn Ronda
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Trent
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Jemmott III JB, Jemmott LS, O’Leary A, Icard LD, Rutledge SE, Stevens R, Hsu J, Stephens AJ. On the Efficacy and Mediation of a One-on-One HIV Risk-Reduction Intervention for African American Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. AIDS Behav 2015; 19:1247-62. [PMID: 25449552 PMCID: PMC4503868 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-014-0961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We examined the efficacy and mediation of Being Responsible for Ourselves (BRO), an HIV/STI risk-reduction intervention for African American men who have sex with men (MSM), the population with the highest HIV-diagnosis rate in the US. We randomized African American MSM to one of two interventions: BRO HIV/STI risk-reduction, targeting condom use; or attention-matched control, targeting physical activity and healthy diet. The interventions were based on social cognitive theory, the reasoned-action approach, and qualitative research. Men reporting anal intercourse with other men in the past 90 days were eligible and completed pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and 6 and 12 months post-intervention surveys. Of 595 participants, 503 (85 %) completed the 12-month follow-up. Generalized-estimating-equations analysis indicated that, compared with the attention-matched control intervention, the BRO intervention did not increase consistent condom use averaged over the 6- and 12-month follow-ups, which was the primary outcome. Although BRO did not affect the proportion of condom-protected intercourse acts, unprotected sexual intercourse, multiple partners, or insertive anal intercourse, it did reduce receptive anal intercourse compared with the control, a behavior linked to incident HIV infection. Mediation analysis using the product-of-coefficients approach revealed that although BRO increased seven of nine theoretical constructs it was designed to affect, it increased only one of three theoretical constructs that predicted consistent condom use: condom-use impulse-control self-efficacy. Thus, BRO indirectly increased consistent condom use through condom-use impulse-control self-efficacy. In conclusion, although BRO increased several theoretical constructs, most of those constructs did not predict consistent condom use; hence, the intervention did not increase it. Theoretical constructs that interventions should target to increase African American MSM’s condom use are discussed.
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Pearson GS, Hines-Martin VP, Evans LK, York JA, Kane CF, Yearwood EL. Addressing gaps in mental health needs of diverse, at-risk, underserved, and disenfranchised populations: a call for nursing action. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2015; 29:14-8. [PMID: 25634869 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric nurses have an essential role in meeting the mental health needs of diverse, at-risk, underserved, and disenfranchised populations across the lifespan. This paper summarizes the needs of individuals especially at-risk for mental health disorders, acknowledging that such vulnerability is contextual, age-specific, and influenced by biological, behavioral, socio-demographic and cultural factors. With its longstanding commitment to cultural sensitivity and social justice, its pivotal role in healthcare, and its broad educational base, psychiatric nursing is well-positioned for leadership in addressing the gaps in mental health prevention and treatment services for vulnerable and underserved populations. This paper describes these issues, presents psychiatric nursing exemplars that address the problems, and makes strong recommendations to psychiatric nurse leaders, policy makers and mental health advocates to help achieve change.
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McMahon JM, Pouget ER, Tortu S, Volpe EM, Torres L, Rodriguez W. Couple-based HIV counseling and testing: a risk reduction intervention for US drug-involved women and their primary male partners. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2015; 16:341-51. [PMID: 25512179 PMCID: PMC4310810 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-014-0540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To help reduce the elevated risk of acquiring HIV for African-American and Latina women drug users in primary heterosexual relationships, we developed a brief couple-based HIV counseling and testing prevention intervention. The intervention was based on an integrated HIV risk behavior theory that incorporated elements of social exchange theory, the theory of gender and power, the stages-of-change model, and the information-motivation-behavior skills model. In this article, we describe the development, content, and format of the couple-based HIV testing and counseling intervention, and its delivery to 110 couples (220 individuals) in a randomized effectiveness trial, the Harlem River Couples Project, conducted in New York City from 2005 to 2007. Components of the couple-based intervention included a personalized dyadic action plan based on the couple's risk profile and interactive exercises designed to help build interpersonal communication skills, and facilitated discussion of social norms regarding gender roles. The couple-based HIV testing and counseling intervention significantly reduced women's overall HIV risk compared to a standard-of-care individual HIV testing and counseling intervention. Experiences and perceptions of the intervention were positive among both clients and interventionists. The study was the first to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of delivering a brief couple-based HIV counseling and testing intervention to reduce risk among drug-using heterosexual couples in high HIV prevalent urban communities in the USA. The intervention can be expanded to include new HIV prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis. Further research is needed to evaluate cost-effectiveness and implementation of the intervention in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. McMahon
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Nursing, 601 Elmwood Avenue, BOX SON, Rochester, NY 14642; 585-276-3951; FAX: 585-273-1270
| | | | - Stephanie Tortu
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Leilani Torres
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Nursing, Rochester, NY
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Snead MC, O'Leary AM, Mandel MG, Kourtis AP, Wiener J, Jamieson DJ, Warner L, Malotte CK, Klausner JD, O'Donnell L, Rietmeijer CA, Margolis AD. Relationship between social cognitive theory constructs and self-reported condom use: assessment of behaviour in a subgroup of the Safe in the City trial. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e006093. [PMID: 25550295 PMCID: PMC4281534 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have found social cognitive theory (SCT)-framed interventions are successful for improving condom use and reducing sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We conducted a secondary analysis of behavioural data from the Safe in the City intervention trial (2003-2005) to investigate the influence of SCT constructs on study participants' self-reported use of condoms at last intercourse. METHODS The main trial was conducted from 2003 to 2005 at three public US STI clinics. Patients (n=38,635) were either shown a 'safer sex' video in the waiting room, or received the standard waiting room experience, based on their visit date. A nested behavioural assessment was administered to a subsample of study participants following their index clinic visit and again at 3 months follow-up. We used multivariable modified Poisson regression models to examine the relationships among SCT constructs (sexual self-efficacy, self-control self-efficacy, self-efficacy with most recent partner, hedonistic outcome expectancies and partner expected outcomes) and self-reported condom use at last sex act at the 3-month follow-up study visit. RESULTS Of 1252 participants included in analysis, 39% reported using a condom at last sex act. Male gender, homosexual orientation and single status were significant correlates of condom use. Both unadjusted and adjusted models indicate that sexual self-efficacy (adjusted relative risk (RRa)=1.50, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.84), self-control self-efficacy (RRa=1.67, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.04), self-efficacy with most recent partner (RRa=2.56, 95% CI 2.01 to 3.27), more favourable hedonistic outcome expectancies (RRa=1.83, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.17) and more favourable partner expected outcomes (RRa=9.74, 95% CI 3.21 to 29.57) were significantly associated with condom use at last sex act. CONCLUSIONS Social cognitive skills, such as self-efficacy and partner expected outcomes, are an important aspect of condom use behaviour. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00137370).
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Snead
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ann M O'Leary
- Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michele G Mandel
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Athena P Kourtis
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wiener
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Denise J Jamieson
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lee Warner
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D Klausner
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine and Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew D Margolis
- Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Women's health research agenda for the next decade. A report by the Women's Health Expert Panel of the American Academy of Nursing. Nurs Outlook 2013; 61:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Brawner BM, Baker JL, Voytek CD, Leader A, Cashman RR, Silverman R, Peter N, Buchner BJ, Barnes CA, Jemmott LS, Frank I. The Development of a Culturally Relevant, Theoretically Driven HPV Prevention Intervention for Urban Adolescent Females and Their Parents/Guardians. Health Promot Pract 2012; 14:624-36. [DOI: 10.1177/1524839912462389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, accounting for the large majority of cervical cancer and anogenital warts cases. Two HPV vaccines are currently licensed and recommended for women and girls. However, vaccination rates have been suboptimal, with evidence of disparities influencing both uptake and series completion among African American and Hispanic adolescents. There has been a dearth of theory-based, behavioral interventions targeted to prevent HPV infection and increase HPV vaccine uptake among urban adolescents. This article describes the development of two skills-based intervention curricula aimed to increase HPV prevention and vaccination among low-income urban adolescent females 9 to 18 years old. Guided by the theory of planned behavior, elicitation research was conducted to elucidate the social psychological factors that underlie HPV vaccination intentions ( N = 141). The findings were subsequently used to identify theoretical mediators of behavioral change to drive the intervention. Culturally relevant strategies to promote HPV vaccination were translated into the curricula content. Both curricula were designed to motivate and empower participants to reduce risk of being infected with HPV. Targeting theoretical mediators of behavioral change, derived from the voices of the community, may prove to be successful in increasing HPV vaccination and preventing HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amy Leader
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Nadja Peter
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ian Frank
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
The current study examines the risk perceptions of HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) who use the Internet to seek unprotected sex. The research questions include the following: How great do these men perceive their HIV risk to be? Are their perceptions based on HIV knowledge or related to their risk behaviors? What factors are associated with greater/lesser perceived risk? Results revealed that more than half of the men believed that they had no or only a slight chance of contracting HIV. Risk perceptions were not related to HIV knowledge or to involvement in HIV risk practices. Four factors were identified as being associated with greater perception of HIV risk: self-identity as a sexual "bottom," having sex while high, greater use of bareback-focused websites, and younger age. Internet-using HIV-negative men who have sex with men tend to underestimate their risk for acquiring HIV, and interventions need to help them accurately assess their risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Klein
- Kensington Research Institute, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
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Ahrens KR, Ciechanowski P, Katon W. Associations between adult attachment style and health risk behaviors in an adult female primary care population. J Psychosom Res 2012; 72:364-70. [PMID: 22469278 PMCID: PMC3816981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between adult attachment style and health risk behaviors among adult women in a primary care setting. METHODS In this analysis of a population of women enrolled in a large health maintenance organization (N=701), we examined the relationship between anxious and avoidant dimensions of adult attachment style and a variety of sexual, substance-related, and other health risk behaviors. After conducting descriptive statistics of the entire population, we determined the relationships between the two attachment dimensions and health behaviors using multiple regression analyses in which we controlled for demographic and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS After adjustment for covariates, the anxious dimension of attachment style was significantly associated with increased odds of self-report of having sex without knowing a partner's history, having multiple (≥2) male partners in the past year, and history of having a sexually transmitted infection (ORs [95% CIs]=1.11 [1.03, 1.20], 1.23 [1.04, 1.45]; and 1.17 [1.05, 1.30], respectively). The avoidant attachment dimension was associated with increased odds of being a smoker and not reporting regular seatbelt use (ORs [95% CIs]=1.15 [1.01, 1.30] and 1.16 [1.01, 1.33], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Both anxious and avoidant dimensions of attachment were associated with health risk behaviors in this study. This framework may be a useful tool to allow primary care clinicians to guide screening and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kym R Ahrens
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute/University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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Ssewamala FM, Sperber E, Blake CA, Ilic VP. Increasing Opportunities for Inner-City Youth: The Feasibility of an Economic Empowerment Model in East Harlem and the South Bronx, New York. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2012; 34:218-224. [PMID: 22581997 PMCID: PMC3347469 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Youth of color are disproportionately likely to grow-up in poor, disadvantaged neighborhoods characterized by high levels of psychosocial stressors and inadequate supportive resources. Poverty and racial minority status correlate with an increased risk of high-school dropout, teen pregnancy, substance abuse, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Given these trends, child welfare researchers are developing various interventions to increase the protective resources and social opportunities available to youth of color. This article reports results of a preliminary, qualitative study that investigated the feasibility and acceptability of an economic empowerment intervention in the South Bronx and East Harlem, New York. Using focus groups and brief questionnaires with youth and their parents/guardians (N=24 dyads), we explored attitudes toward youth educational savings accounts, financial planning classes, and mentorship for inner-city youth. Findings indicate a strong interest in an economic empowerment intervention among adolescents and their caregivers in these communities. These findings have implications for the design of larger-scale research programs that aim to improve inner-city youth's socio-economic wellbeing using economic empowerment models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred M. Ssewamala
- Associate Professor of Social Work and International Affairs, Columbia University
| | - Elizabeth Sperber
- Ph.D. Student, Columbia University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
| | | | - Vilma P. Ilic
- Research Associate, Columbia University School of Social Work
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Laughon K, Sutherland MA, Parker BJ. A brief intervention for prevention of sexually transmitted infection among battered women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2011; 40:702-8. [PMID: 22273449 PMCID: PMC6996018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the feasibility and acceptability of a combined brief nursing intervention (BNI) to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) among rural women attending a family planning clinic. The primary outcomes of interest were frequency and severity of IPV, the number of safety behaviors implemented by women, and the number of safer sex strategies used at 3 months postintervention. DESIGN A one-group pretest/posttest design. SETTING Rural health department family planning clinics. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-eight women were screened for IPV. Nineteen (21.4%) screened positive for past-year history of IPV, and 18 completed the intervention and data collection (baseline and 3 months). METHODS Women who screened positive for IPV were given a BNI addressing IPV and STI prevention. Severity and frequency of violence, IPV safety behaviors, and safer sex behaviors were measured at baseline and 3 months. RESULTS The frequency of physical (p = .02) and sexual (p = .05) violence decreased from baseline to 3-month follow-up. Although not statistically significant the number of safer sex behaviors reported increased from baseline to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This BNI shows promise, though findings must be interpreted with caution due to small sample, lack of a control group, and no randomization. It was feasible to deliver the intervention in clinic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Laughon
- School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,VA, USA
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Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in minority adolescent women: a public health challenge. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2011; 65:729-35. [PMID: 21375789 DOI: 10.1097/ogx.0b013e3182110204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the United States. This disease disproportionately affects adolescent minority women, and untreated infection can lead to lasting reproductive tract morbidity. Recommendations for primary prevention include patient counseling to decrease risky behavior and increase barrier protection use; secondary prevention recommendations include screening and treatment of affected individuals and their sexual partners, barrier contraception use, as well as counseling to decrease behaviors that lead to reinfection. Despite these strategies, both incidence and prevalence of Chlamydia have continued to escalate in this population. Interventions to decrease chlamydial infection should encompass all facets of primary and secondary prevention as well as address the fundamental barrier to prevention-lack of perception of risk in this young age group. TARGET AUDIENCE Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians. LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completion of this educational activity, the obstetrician/gynecologist should be better able to identify current screening guidelines to test for chlamydial infection in sexually active adolescents; obtain more thorough sexual histories, and understand dynamics of disproportionate disease burden in minority teens; recognize and act to decrease the high risk of reinfection in this patient population; and employ novel methods to increase STI screening.
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Champion J. Context of sexual risk behaviour among abused ethnic minority adolescent women. Int Nurs Rev 2011; 58:61-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2010.00857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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El-Bassel N, Jemmott JB, Landis JR, Pequegnat W, Wingood GM, Wyatt GE, Bellamy SL. National Institute of Mental Health Multisite Eban HIV/STD Prevention Intervention for African American HIV Serodiscordant Couples: a cluster randomized trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 170:1594-601. [PMID: 20625011 DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has disproportionately affected African Americans. Couple-level interventions may be a promising intervention strategy. METHODS To determine if a behavioral intervention can reduce HIV/sexually transmitted disease (STD) risk behaviors among African American HIV serodiscordant couples, a cluster randomized controlled trial (Eban) was conducted in Atlanta, Georgia; Los Angeles, California; New York, New York; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; with African American HIV serodiscordant heterosexual couples who were eligible if both partners were at least 18 years old and reported unprotected intercourse in the previous 90 days and awareness of each other's serostatus. One thousand seventy participants were enrolled (mean age, 43 years; 40% of male participants were HIV positive). Couples were randomized to 1 of 2 interventions: couple-focused Eban HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention or attention-matched individual-focused health promotion comparison. The primary outcomes were the proportion of condom-protected intercourse acts and cumulative incidence of STDs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, or trichomonas). Data were collected preintervention and postintervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 535 randomized couples: 260 in the intervention group and 275 in the comparison group; 81.9% were retained at the 12-month follow-up. Generalized estimating equation analyses revealed that the proportion of condom-protected intercourse acts was larger among couples in the intervention group (0.77) than in the comparison group (0.47; risk ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.41; P = .006) when adjusted for the baseline criterion measure. The adjusted percentage of couples using condoms consistently was higher in the intervention group (63%) than in the comparison group (48%; risk ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.70; P < .001). The adjusted mean number of (log)unprotected intercourse acts was lower in the intervention group than in the comparison group (mean difference, -1.52; 95% CI, -2.07 to -0.98; P < .001). The cumulative STD incidence over the 12-month follow-up did not differ between couples in the intervention and comparison groups. The overall HIV seroconversion at the 12-month follow-up was 5 (2 in the intervention group, 3 in the comparison group) of 535 individuals, which translates to 935 per 100,000 population. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled intervention trial to report significant reductions in HIV/STD risk behaviors among African American HIV serodiscordant couples. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00644163.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila El-Bassel
- Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct a meta-analysis of computer technology-based HIV prevention behavioral interventions aimed at increasing condom use among a variety of at-risk populations. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing published and unpublished studies testing computer-based interventions. METHODS Meta-analytic techniques were used to compute and aggregate effect sizes for 12 randomized controlled trials that met inclusion criteria. Variables that had the potential to moderate intervention efficacy were also tested. RESULTS The overall mean weighted effect size for condom use was d = 0.259 (95% confidence interval = 0.201, 0.317; Z = 8.74, P < 0.001; N = 4639), indicating a statistically significant impact of the interventions. This effect size compares favorably to previously tested interventions delivered by human facilitators. Statistically significant effect sizes were also found for frequency of sexual behavior, number of partners, and incident sexually transmitted diseases. In addition, interventions were significantly more efficacious when they were directed at men or women (versus mixed sex groups), utilized individualized tailoring, used a Stages of Change model, and had more intervention sessions. CONCLUSION Computer technology-based HIV prevention interventions have similar efficacy to more traditional human-delivered interventions. Given their low cost to deliver, ability to customize intervention content, and flexible dissemination channels, they hold much promise for the future of HIV prevention.
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