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Liu Y, Sun Z, Zhou X, Wang H, Yu M, Li D. Protective Effects of Polysaccharide of Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz against Porcine Aortic Valve Endothelial Cells Damage Induced by di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1409-1419. [PMID: 38722472 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
The activation, injury, and dysfunction of endothelial cells are considered to be the initial key events in the development of atherosclerosis. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a prevalent organic pollutant, can cause damage to multiple organs. Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) is a bioactive compound extracted from A. macrocephala Koidz with various biological activities. This study investigates the protective effects of PAMK on porcine aortic valve endothelial cells (PAVEC) damaged by DEHP. PAVECs treated with DEHP alone or with PAMK showed reduced cell apoptosis and death in PAMK-pretreated cells. PAMK up-regulated Bcl-2 expression and down-regulated Bax protein, suppressing apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that PAMK protected PAVECs from DEHP-induced damage. These findings suggest that PAMK inhibits cell apoptosis and protects against DEHP damage in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zongyi Sun
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Centre for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Heilongjiang Province, Haerbin, 150069, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- Journal Center of Northeast Agricultural University, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dejun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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2
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Su F, Sui X, Xu J, Liu Q, Li J, Liu W, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Tao F. Hederagenin suppresses ovarian cancer via targeting mitochondrial fission through dynamin-related protein 1. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176188. [PMID: 37951490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
A triterpenoid isolated from the plant Hedera helix, hederagenin was discovered to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and anti-fibrosis properties both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the relationship between mitochondrial fission and hederagenin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer (OC) was investigated and the underlying mechanisms were deciphered. Hederagenin's cytotoxicity on OC cells was analyzed using colony formation and CCK-8 assays. The effect of hederagenin on OC cells was also verified by a mouse xenograft tumor model. Flow cytometric analysis was conducted to examine hederagenin's effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and cell cycle OC cells. MitoTracker Red (CMXRos) staining was performed to observe the mitochondrial morphology. The protein levels of Bak, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, Cyclin D1 and Bax were measured by Western blot. This study found that hederagenin could suppress the in vivo and in vitro SKOV3 and A2780 cell proliferation in an effective manner. Besides, hederagenin altered the mitochondrial membrane potential, induced S-phase and G0/G1-phase arrest, mitochondrial morphology changes, and apoptosis in OC cells. Additionally, our findings further demonstrated that hederagenin changed the mitochondrial morphology by suppressing dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a crucial mitochondrial division factor. Moreover, Drp1 overexpression could reverse hederagenin-induced apoptosis, whereas the Drp1 knockdown had the opposite effect. Furthermore, hederagenin may trigger BAX mitochondrial translocation and apoptosis in OC cells. These results provided a novel perspective on the relationship between the modulation of mitochondrial morphology and the suppression of ovarian cancer by hederagenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Su
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Xin Sui
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Jiabao Xu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Qingling Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Wenhong Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Fangfang Tao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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3
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Sethiya NK, Ghiloria N, Srivastav A, Bisht D, Chaudhary SK, Walia V, Alam MS. Therapeutic Potential of Myricetin in the Treatment of Neurological, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:865-882. [PMID: 37461364 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230718105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Myricetin (MC), 3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxyflavone, chemically belongs to a flavonoid category known to confer antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. MC is known to suppress the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and inflammatory markers. It has been reported to improve insulin function in the human brain and periphery. Besides this, it modulates several neurochemicals including glutamate, GABA, serotonin, etc. MC has been shown to reduce the expression of the enzyme Mono Amine Oxidase (MAO), which is responsible for the metabolism of monoamines. MC treatment reduces levels of plasma corticosterone and restores hippocampal BDNF (full form) protein in stressed animals. Further, MC has shown its protective effect against amyloid-beta, MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA, etc. suggesting its potential role against neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present review is to highlight the therapeutic potential of MC in the treatment of several neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Ghiloria
- Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi 110085, India
| | | | - Dheeraj Bisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sir J.C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263002, India
| | | | - Vaibhav Walia
- Department of Pharmacology, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
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Kaczmarek MP. Heterogenous circulating miRNA changes in ME/CFS converge on a unified cluster of target genes: A computational analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296060. [PMID: 38157384 PMCID: PMC10756525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is a debilitating, multisystem disease of unknown mechanism, with a currently ongoing search for its endocrine mediators. Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) are a promising candidate for such a mediator and have been reported as significantly different in the patient population versus healthy controls by multiple studies. None of these studies, however, agree with each other on which specific miRNA are under- or over-expressed. This discrepancy is the subject of the computational study presented here, in which a deep dive into the predicted gene targets and their functional interactions is conducted, revealing that the aberrant circulating miRNAs in ME/CFS, although different between patients, seem to mainly target the same specific set of genes (p ≈ 0.0018), which are very functionally related to each other (p ≲ 0.0001). Further analysis of these functional relations, based on directional pathway information, points to impairments in exercise hyperemia, angiogenic adaptations to hypoxia, antioxidant defenses, and TGF-β signaling, as well as a shift towards mitochondrial fission, corroborating and explaining previous direct observations in ME/CFS. Many transcription factors and epigenetic modulators are implicated as well, with currently uncertain downstream combinatory effects. As the results show significant similarity to previous research on latent herpesvirus involvement in ME/CFS, the possibility of a herpesvirus origin of these miRNA changes is also explored through further computational analysis and literature review, showing that 8 out of the 10 most central miRNAs analyzed are known to be upregulated by various herpesviruses. In total, the results establish an appreciable and possibly central role for circulating microRNAs in ME/CFS etiology that merits further experimental research.
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5
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Daneshvar S, Zamanian MY, Ivraghi MS, Golmohammadi M, Modanloo M, Kamiab Z, Pourhosseini SME, Heidari M, Bazmandegan G. A comprehensive view on the apigenin impact on colorectal cancer: Focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6789-6801. [PMID: 37970406 PMCID: PMC10630840 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. Oncologists are facing challenges such as development of drug resistance and lack of suitable drug options for CC treatment. Flavonoids are a group of natural compounds found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods. According to research, they have a potential role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Apigenin is a flavonoid that is present in many fruits and vegetables. It has been used as a natural antioxidant for a long time and has been considered due to its anticancer effects and low toxicity. The results of this review study show that apigenin has potential anticancer effects on CC cells through various mechanisms. In this comprehensive review, we present the cellular targets and signaling pathways of apigenin indicated to date in in vivo and in vitro CC models. Among the most important modulated pathways, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, JNK, STAT3, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1, PKM2, and NF-kB have been described. Furthermore, apigenin suppresses the cell cycle in G2/M phase in CC cells. In CC cells, apigenin-induced apoptosis is increased by inhibiting the formation of autophagy. According to the results of this study, apigenin appears to have the potential to be a promising agent for CC therapy, but more research is required in the field of pharmacology and pharmacokinetics to establish the apigenin effects and its dosage for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Daneshvar
- Department of General SurgerySchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of PhysiologySchool of MedicineHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of PharmacyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | | | | | - Mona Modanloo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Zahra Kamiab
- Clinical Research Development UnitAli‐Ibn Abi‐Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Department of Community MedicineSchool of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ebrahim Pourhosseini
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of BiochemistryInstitute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB)University of TehranTehranIran
| | - Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Physiology‐Pharmacology Research CenterResearch Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchool of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
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6
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Cottam NC, Bamfo T, Harrington MA, Charvet CJ, Hekmatyar K, Tulin N, Sun J. Cerebellar structural, astrocytic, and neuronal abnormalities in the SMNΔ7 mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Brain Pathol 2023; 33:e13162. [PMID: 37218083 PMCID: PMC10467044 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinalmuscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease that affects as many as 1 in 6000 individuals at birth, making it the leading genetic cause of infant mortality. A growing number of studies indicate that SMA is a multi-system disease. The cerebellum has received little attention even though it plays an important role in motor function and widespread pathology has been reported in the cerebella of SMA patients. In this study, we assessed SMA pathology in the cerebellum using structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, immunohistochemistry, and electrophysiology with the SMNΔ7 mouse model. We found a significant disproportionate loss in cerebellar volume, decrease in afferent cerebellar tracts, selective lobule-specific degeneration of Purkinje cells, abnormal lobule foliation and astrocyte integrity, and a decrease in spontaneous firing of cerebellar output neurons in the SMA mice compared to controls. Our data suggest that defects in cerebellar structure and function due to decreased survival motor neuron (SMN) levels impair the functional cerebellar output affecting motor control, and that cerebellar pathology should be addressed to achieve comprehensive treatment and therapy for SMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C. Cottam
- Department of Biological SciencesDelaware State UniversityDoverDelawareUSA
| | - Tiffany Bamfo
- Department of Biological SciencesDelaware State UniversityDoverDelawareUSA
| | | | - Christine J. Charvet
- Delaware Center for Neuroscience ResearchDelaware State UniversityDoverDelawareUSA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and PharmacologyAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
- Department of PsychologyDelaware State UniversityDoverDEUnited States
| | - Khan Hekmatyar
- Center for Biomedical and Brain ImagingUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
- Bioimaging Research Center for Biomedical and Brain ImagingUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Nikita Tulin
- Department of NeuroscienceTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jianli Sun
- Department of Biological SciencesDelaware State UniversityDoverDelawareUSA
- Delaware Center for Neuroscience ResearchDelaware State UniversityDoverDelawareUSA
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7
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Lee SY, Hong GH, Chung JH, Park KY. Anticancer Effects of Washed-Dehydrated Solar Salt Doenjang on Colon Cancer-Induced C57BL/6 Mice. J Med Food 2023; 26:672-682. [PMID: 37498372 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study researched the mineral composition of Korean washed-dehydrated solar salt (WDS) without bittern. It also evaluated the anticancer effects of doenjang (WDSD) prepared using WDS on azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colon cancer in C57BL/6 mice. The mineral composition of WDS showed lower Mg (11.71 ± 1.89 g/kg) and S (9.77 ± 2.88 g/kg) contents, and it was confirmed that mice in the WDSD group (AOM/DSS+WDSD) displayed significantly lower weight loss, colon length reduction, and tumor formation compared with the control (Con) group. In addition, pathologically, it was confirmed that the extent of epithelial cell damage and inflammation in the colon tissue of the WDSD group was restored to a state similar to that of the Nor group. Besides, WDSD regulated the protein expression of apoptosis (Bcl-2-associated X protein [Bax], B cell lymphoma-2 [Bcl-2], B cell lymphoma-extra large [Bcl-xL], and caspase 9, caspase 3), and p53, p21, and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α), thereby inducing the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of cancer cells and suppressing inflammation. In addition, the intestinal microbiota of the mice treated with WDSD were more diverse, with an abundance of Bifidobacterium, a lactic acid bacterium beneficial to colon health, was also a greater presence of Faecalibaculum, which showed antitumor effects. These results indicate that solar salts and their different processing methods affect their functional health-promoting properties. In addition, the inhibitory effect on colon cancer was further enhanced when doenjang was prepared with WDS with low Mg and S content.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geun-Hye Hong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Chung
- Department of Applied Bioscience, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul, South Korea
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8
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Ahmed R, Anam K, Ahmed H. Development of Galectin-3 Targeting Drugs for Therapeutic Applications in Various Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8116. [PMID: 37175823 PMCID: PMC10179732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal3) is one of the most studied members of the galectin family that mediate various biological processes such as growth regulation, immune function, cancer metastasis, and apoptosis. Since Gal3 is pro-inflammatory, it is involved in many diseases that are associated with chronic inflammation such as cancer, organ fibrosis, and type 2 diabetes. As a multifunctional protein involved in multiple pathways of many diseases, Gal3 has generated significant interest in pharmaceutical industries. As a result, several Gal3-targeting therapeutic drugs are being developed to address unmet medical needs. Based on the PubMed search of Gal3 to date (1987-2023), here, we briefly describe its structure, carbohydrate-binding properties, endogenous ligands, and roles in various diseases. We also discuss its potential antagonists that are currently being investigated clinically or pre-clinically by the public and private companies. The updated knowledge on Gal3 function in various diseases could initiate new clinical or pre-clinical investigations to test therapeutic strategies, and some of these strategies could be successful and recognized as novel therapeutics for unmet medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hafiz Ahmed
- GlycoMantra Inc., Biotechnology Center, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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9
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Govindaraj S, Ganesan K, Dharmasivam M, Raman L, Kuppusamy KM, Pandiappan V, Alam MM, Mohammed A. Discovery of Novel Dimeric Pyridinium Bromide Analogues Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth by Activating Caspases and Downregulating Bcl-2 Protein. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13243-13251. [PMID: 37065022 PMCID: PMC10099142 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Flexible dimeric substituted pyridinium bromides with primary and tertiary amines are prepared by conventional and solvent-free methods. The formation of compounds 2 and 4 is much easier than that of compounds 1 and 3 because of the benzyl carbon which is more electropositive than the primary alkyl carbon. The newly synthesized dimeric pyridinium compounds are optimized using DFT and B3LYP 6-31 g(d,p). The in vitro antiproliferative activity is studied in lung (A549) and breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB 231). Among the four compounds, 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene bis(methylene)bis 2-aminopyridinium bromide 4 showed potent anticancer activity when compared to the standard drug 5-fluorouracil. 1,1'-(1,3-Phenylene bis(methylene)bis 2-aminopyridinium bromide 4 is not toxic to normal cell lines 3T3-L1 and MRC-5 cell lines. Also, 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene bis(methylene)bis 2-aminopyridinium bromide 4-induced apoptosis in cancer cell lines is examined using AO/EB and Hoechst staining, which is further supported by cell cycle analysis. Western blot analysis showed that 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene bis(methylene)bis 2-aminopyridinium bromide 4 induces apoptosis through the extrinsic apoptotic pathway by upregulating caspase 3 and caspase 9. This compound also downregulates intrinsic apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2, Bcl-x, and Bad. From the present study results, it is confirmed that 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene bis(methylene)bis 2-aminopyridinium bromide 4 has potent anticancer activity when compared to other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kilivelu Ganesan
- PG
and Research Department of Chemistry, Presidency
College, Chennai 600005, India
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Centre
for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Lakshmisundaram Raman
- Sri
Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra
Institute of Higher Educational and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Kalaivani M. Kuppusamy
- Research
Centre for Cellular Genomics and Cancer Research, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Viswanathan Pandiappan
- Department
of Uyivedhiyal, JSA Medical College for
Siddha and Research Centre, Ulundurpet, Kallakkurichi 606 104, India
| | - Mohammed Mujahid Alam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid
University, PO Box 9004, Abha 61413, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amanullah Mohammed
- Department
of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Li R, He H, He X. APOC1 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma by binding to MTCH2. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:163. [PMID: 36911382 PMCID: PMC9996334 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent primary malignant bone cancer worldwide. Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) have been identified to be upregulated during the oncogenesis and metastasis of osteosarcoma. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of APOC1 in osteosarcoma progression and the mechanisms associated with MTCH2. APOC1 and MTCH2 expression in osteosarcoma cells was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Then, APOC1 was silenced to detect its effect on cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis using Cell Counting Kit-8, a colony formation assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate cell invasion and migration. The interaction between APOC1 and MTCH2 as predicted by the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins databases was verified by co-immunoprecipitation assay. Subsequently, rescue experiments were performed to analyze the regulatory effects of APOC1 on MTCH2 in the biological behavior and Warburg effect of osteosarcoma cells. Significantly upregulated APOC1 and MTCH2 expression was found in osteosarcoma SAOS-2 cells. APOC1 silencing attenuated cell viability, inhibited proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis, coupled with the decreased Bcl-2 expression and increased Bax and cleaved-caspase 3 expression. The invasive and migratory capacities of SAOS-2 cells were also suppressed following APOC1 knockdown. Moreover, APOC1 was confirmed to interact with MTCH2 in osteosarcoma cells. MTCH2 upregulation inhibited the impacts of APOC1 deletion on the malignant behavior of osteosarcoma cells. APOC1 silencing-induced oxidative phosphorylation elevation and Warburg effect decrease were partially restored by MTCH2 upregulation. In sum, APOC1 promoted progression of osteosarcoma by binding to MTCH2, suggesting that targeting the APOC1/MTCH2 axis may be a potential treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Huixian He
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin He
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
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11
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Shuang L, Chen SL, Ren C, Su XL, Xu XN, Zheng GD, Zou SM. Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on oxidative stress, histological structure, and apoptosis in a new hypoxia-tolerant variety of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 278:111358. [PMID: 36572142 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A new hypoxia-tolerant variety of blunt snout bream was obtained by successive breeding of the wild population, which markedly improved hypoxia tolerance. In this study, the hypoxia-tolerant variety was exposed to hypoxia (2.0 mg O2·L-1) for 4, 7 days. The contents of blood biochemical indicators including the number of red blood cells (RBC), total cholesterol (T-CHO), total protein (TP), triglyceride (TG), glucose (GLU), and lactic acid (LD) increased significantly (P < 0.05) under hypoxia. The glycogen content in the liver and muscle decreased significantly (P < 0.05) and the LD content in the brain, muscle and liver increased significantly (P < 0.05) under hypoxia. The levels of oxidative stress-related indicators i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) also changed significantly (P < 0.05) in the heart, liver, and intestine of the new variety under hypoxia. Additionally, hypoxia has caused injuries to the heart, liver, and intestine, but it shows amazing repair ability during reoxygenation. The apoptotic cells and apoptosis rate in the heart, liver, and intestine increased under hypoxia. Under hypoxia, the expression of the B-cell lymphomas 2 (Bcl-2) gene in the heart, liver, and intestine was significantly (P < 0.05) down-regulated, while the expression of the BCL2-associated agonist of cell death (Bad) gene was significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated. These results are of great significance for enriching the basic data of blunt snout bream new variety in response to hypoxia and promoting the healthy development of its culture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shuang
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Song-Lin Chen
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Su
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiao-Na Xu
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zheng
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China.
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12
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Bera A, Singh S, D'Souza JS, Hosur RV, Mishra P. Effect of UV Stress on the Structure and Function of Pro-apoptotic Bid and Anti-apoptotic Bcl-xl proteins. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200682. [PMID: 36597005 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet C (UV-C) radiation induces apoptosis in mammalian cells via the mitochondrion-mediated pathway. The Bcl-2 family of proteins are the regulators of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and appears responsive to UV-C radiation. It is unknown how the structure and, effectively, the function of these proteins are directly impacted by UV-C exposure. Here, we present the effect of UV-C irradiation on the structure and function of pro-apoptotic Bid-FL and anti-apoptotic Bcl-xlΔC proteins. Using a variety of biophysical tools, we show that, following UV-C irradiation, the structures of Bcl-xlΔC and Bid-FL are irreversibly altered. Bcl-xLΔC is found to be more sensitive to UV stress than Bid-FL Interestingly, UV-C exposure shows dramatic chemical shift perturbations in consequence of dramatic structural perturbations (α-helix to β-sheet) in the BH3- binding region, a crucial segment of Bcl-xlΔC. Furter it has been shown that UV-exposed Bcl-xlΔC has reduced efficacy of its interactions with pro-apoptotic tBid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Bera
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Suraj Singh
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Jacinta S D'Souza
- Department of Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Ramakrishna V Hosur
- Department of Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Pushpa Mishra
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
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13
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Najafi V, Yoosefian M, Hassani Z. Development of venetoclax performance using its new derivatives on BCL-2 protein inhibition. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:58-66. [PMID: 36259104 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are resistant to apoptosis and this is one of the most obvious symptoms of cancer in humans. One of the most exciting strategies for treating cancer is to design regulators that increase cell death and stop cell growth. Members of the BCL-2 family of proteins play an important role in the regulation of apoptosis. In this study, an attempt was made to improve the performance of one of the anticancer drugs by designing new analogs of venetoclax (VNT). For this purpose, molecular docking studies were performed to determine the best binding state of VNT and its newly designed derivatives at the protein-binding site to estimate the binding energy. The best analog in terms of free energy was VNT-12 with the lowest energy (-12.15 kcal/mol). Finally, to investigate the inhibitory effect of the compounds on BCL-2 protein, molecular dynamics simulation was used, and by performing the relevant analyses during the simulation, it was observed that the newly designed ligand had better performance in inhibiting BCL-2 protein compared to VNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Najafi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yoosefian
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Hassani
- Department of New Materials, Institute of Science, High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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14
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Forzisi E, Sesti F. Non-conducting functions of ion channels: The case of integrin-ion channel complexes. Channels (Austin) 2022; 16:185-197. [PMID: 35942524 PMCID: PMC9364710 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2022.2108565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Started as an academic curiosity more than two decades ago, the idea that ion channels can regulate cellular processes in ways that do not depend on their conducting properties (non-ionic functions) gained traction and is now a flourishing area of research. Channels can regulate physiological processes including actin cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, excitation-contraction coupling, non-associative learning and embryogenesis, just to mention some, through non-ionic functions. When defective, non-ionic functions can give rise to channelopathies involved in cancer, neurodegenerative disease and brain trauma. Ion channels exert their non-ionic functions through a variety of mechanisms that range from physical coupling with other proteins, to possessing enzymatic activity, to assembling with signaling molecules. In this article, we take stock of the field and review recent findings. The concept that emerges, is that one of the most common ways through which channels acquire non-ionic attributes, is by assembling with integrins. These integrin-channel complexes exhibit broad genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity and reveal a pleiotropic nature, as they appear to be capable of influencing both physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Forzisi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
| | - Federico Sesti
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
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15
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Park GS, Park B, Lee MY. Berberine Induces Autophagic Cell Death by Inactivating the Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1116-1122. [PMID: 35853472 DOI: 10.1055/a-1752-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of skin cancer has been increasing over the past decades, and melanoma is considered highly malignant because of its high rate of metastasis. Plant-derived berberine, an isoquinoline quaternary alkaloid, has been reported to possess multiple pharmacological effects against various types of cancer cells. Therefore, we treated melanoma B16F10 cells with berberine to induce cell death and understand the cell death mechanisms. The berberine-treated cells showed decreased cell viability, according to berberine concentration. However, western blot analysis of apoptosis-related marker proteins showed that the expression of Bcl-2, an apoptosis inhibitory protein, and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio were increased. Therefore, by adding 3-methyladenine to the berberine-treated cells, we investigated whether the reduced cell viability was due to autophagic cell death. The results showed that 3-methyladenine restored the cell viability decreased by berberine, suggesting autophagy. To clarify autophagic cell death, we performed transmission electron microscopy analysis, which revealed the presence of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in the cells after treatment with berberine. Next, by analyzing the expression of autophagy-related proteins, we found an increase in the levels of light chain 3A-II and Atg12-Atg5 complex in the berberine-treated cells. We then assessed the involvement of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and found that berberine inhibited the expression of phosphorylated Akt and mTOR. Our data demonstrated that berberine induces autophagic cell death by inactivating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in melanoma cells and that berberine can be used as a possible target for the development of anti-melanoma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil-Sun Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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16
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Yang X, Yu X, Sun N, Shi X, Niu C, Shi A, Cheng Y. Glyphosate-based herbicide causes spermatogenesis disorder and spermatozoa damage of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) by affecting testes characteristic enzymes, antioxidant capacities and inducing apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 447:116086. [PMID: 35643123 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) is a popular herbicide, which may contaminate the water environment and affect aquatic animals. In this study, testes morphology, physiology function, apoptosis pathway, and spermatozoa quality of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were evaluated after 7 days of GBH exposure (48.945 mg/l,1/2 of the 96 h LC50 value of GBH). Results showed that GBH induced spermatogenesis disorder by H.E. staining. The obvious vacuolar degenerations and fewer spermatids of the testes accompanied by decreased primary spermatocytes-type seminiferous tubules (PSc-STs) were observed. The extensive apoptosis of spermatids by TUNEL staining was visible. Meanwhile, testes'' characteristic enzyme activities associated with spermatogenesis, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) were significantly decreased. Testes suffered oxidative damage as reflected by the significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, the significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, and heat shock proteins (HSP-70) mRNA expression. Further studies demonstrated that GBH induced apoptosis of testes through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by upregulating the relative mRNA expression of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (Caspase-3), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and downregulating B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Oxidative damage may be one of the causes of GBH-induced apoptosis in testes. After GBH exposure, the morphology of spermatophores was changed. The survival and the acrosome reaction (AR) ratio of spermatozoa was significantly decreased. Altogether, these results demonstrated that GBH affects spermatogenesis, spermatophore and spermatozoa quality of E.sinensis, which provides novel knowledge about the toxic effects of GBH on the reproductive system of crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningbo Sun
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingliang Shi
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Niu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aoya Shi
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Kantha P, Liu ST, Horng JL, Lin LY. Acute exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics impairs skin cells and ion regulation in zebrafish embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 248:106203. [PMID: 35617773 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nanoplastics in aquatic environments is a global problem. Accumulating evidence shows that nanoplastics can accumulate in fish and influence internal organs. However, it is still unknown if nanoplastics can impair skin cells (keratinocytes and ionocytes), which play critical roles in maintaining body fluid homeostasis. In the present study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs; 25 nm in size, at 0, 10, 25, and 50 mg/L) for 96 h to test the effects of PS-NPs on skin functions. After exposure to 50 mg/L, the survival rate, ion (Na+, K+, and Ca2+) contents, and acid/ammonia excretion by skin cells of embryos significantly declined. The apical structure of skin keratinocytes was damaged at 10, 25, and 50 mg/L. The number and mitochondrial activity of ionocytes were reduced at 25 and 50 mg/L. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels indicated by CellROX staining showed that both ionocytes and keratinocytes were under oxidative stress. PS-NPs reduced the mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (sod1, sod2, cat, and gpx1a), and promoted apoptosis-related genes (casp3a). Taken together, this study suggests that PS-NPs might suppress antioxidative reactions and induce oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial damage and cell death of ionocytes, eventually impairing skin functions including ion uptake, pH regulation, and ammonia excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phunsin Kantha
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sian-Tai Liu
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Lin Horng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yih Lin
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Memari F, Mirzavi F, Jalili-Nik M, Afshari AR, Ghorbani A, Soukhtanloo M. Tumor-Inhibitory Effects of Zerumbone Against HT-29 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Toxicol 2022; 41:402-411. [PMID: 35719111 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer-associated death globally. Recently, herbal medicinal products and, in particular, zerumbone have been widely studied and used for cancer treatment as they induce significant anti-cancer effects. However, there is limited information about the anti-cancer effects of zerumbone in CRC. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-cancer effects of the zerumbone in CRC, focusing on cell apoptosis and migration. Anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of zerumbone on HT-29 cells were evaluated using MTT and scratch wound healing assay, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the mRNA expression levels of migration and apoptosis-related genes. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using a ROS assay kit. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 (MMP-2/-9) activity was determined using gelatin zymography. Zerumbone suppressed the viability of the HT-29 cells dose-dependently while having less cytotoxicity on normal NIH/3T3 cells. Zerumbone induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells and arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. These effects were associated with alteration in the expression of apoptosis-related genes (up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 genes). Zerumbone also enhanced the generation of ROS in HT-29 cells. Furthermore, zerumbone significantly inhibited the migration of HT-29 cells and decreased MMP-2/-9 mRNA expression and activity. Our findings provide a potential use for zerumbone to induce apoptosis and suppress metastasis in HT-29 cells; thus, it could be developed as a promising natural agent for future CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fezzeh Memari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, 196469Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 196469North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Parchebafi A, Tamanaee F, Ehteram H, Ahmad E, Nikzad H, Haddad Kashani H. The dual interaction of antimicrobial peptides on bacteria and cancer cells; mechanism of action and therapeutic strategies of nanostructures. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:118. [PMID: 35717207 PMCID: PMC9206340 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial infection and cancer are two leading causes of global mortality. Discovering and developing new therapeutics with better specificity having minimal side-effects and no drug resistance are of an immense need. In this regard, cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMP) with dual antimicrobial and anticancer activities are the ultimate choice. For better efficacy and improved stability, the AMPs available for treatment still required to be modified. There are several strategies in which AMPs can be enhanced through, for instance, nano-carrier application with high selectivity and specificity enables researchers to estimate the rate of drug delivery to a particular tissue. In this review we present the biology and modes of action of AMPs for both anticancer and antimicrobial activities as well as some modification strategies to improve the efficacy and selectivity of these AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Parchebafi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Tamanaee
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hassan Ehteram
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hossein Nikzad
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Haddad Kashani
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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20
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Zhu F, Wang Y. Fumonisin B1 Induces Immunotoxicity and Apoptosis of Chicken Splenic Lymphocytes. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:898121. [PMID: 35685341 PMCID: PMC9171430 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.898121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1), produced by Fusarium, is among the most abundant and toxic mycotoxin contaminations in feed, causing damages to the health of livestock. However, the mechanisms of FB1 toxicity in chickens are less understood. As splenic lymphocytes play important roles in the immune system, the aim of this study was to investigate the immunotoxic effects and mechanisms of FB1 on chicken splenic lymphocytes. In the present study, the chicken primary splenic lymphocytes were harvested and treated with 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μg/mL FB1. Then, the cell proliferation, damage, ultrastructure, inflammation and apoptosis were evaluated. Results showed that the proliferation rate of splenic lymphocytes was decreased by FB1 treatments. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased by FB1 treatments in a dose-dependent manner, implying the induction of cell damage. Consistently, the ultrastructure of splenic lymphocytes showed that FB1 at all the tested concentrations caused cell structure alterations, including nuclear vacuolation, mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial crest fracture. Besides, immunosuppressive effects of FB1 were observed by the decreased concentrations of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-12 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the cell culture supernatant. Furthermore, apoptosis was observed in FB1-treated cells by flow cytometry. The mRNA expressions of apoptosis-related genes showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased, while the expressions of the P53, Bax, Bak-1, and Caspase-3 were increased with FB1 treatment. Similar results were found in the concentrations of apoptosis-related proteins in the cell supernatant by ELISA assay. Moreover, regression analysis indicated that increasing FB1 concentration increased LDH activity, concentrations of Bax, Bak-1 and mRNA expression of Bak-1 linearly, increased M1 area percentage quadratically, decreased concentration of IFN-γ, mRNA expression of Bcl-2 linearly, and decreased concentrations of IL-2 and IL-4 quadratically. Besides, regression analysis also showed reciprocal relationships between IL-12 concentration, Caspase-3 mRNA expression and increasing FB1 concentration. The increasing FB1 concentration could decrease IL-12 concentration and increase Caspase-3 mRNA expression. Altogether, this study reported that FB1 induced the immunotoxicity of chicken splenic lymphocytes and caused splenic lymphocytes apoptosis by the Bcl-2 family-mediated mitochondrial pathway of caspase activation.
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21
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Białkowska K, Komorowski P, Gomez-Ramirez R, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M, Miłowska K. Interaction of Cationic Carbosilane Dendrimers and Their siRNA Complexes with MCF-7 Cells Cultured in 3D Spheroids. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101697. [PMID: 35626734 PMCID: PMC9140188 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic dendrimers are effective carriers for the delivery of siRNA into cells; they can penetrate cell membranes and protect nucleic acids against RNase degradation. Two types of dendrimers (CBD-1 and CBD-2) and their complexes with pro-apoptotic siRNA (Mcl-1 and Bcl-2) were tested on MCF-7 cells cultured as spheroids. Cytotoxicity of dendrimers and dendriplexes was measured using the live–dead test and Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit (flow cytometry). Uptake of dendriplexes was examined using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The live–dead test showed that for cells in 3D, CBD-2 is more toxic than CBD-1, contrasting with the data for 2D cultures. Attaching siRNA to a dendrimer molecule did not lead to increased cytotoxic effect in cells, either after 24 or 48 h. Measurements of apoptosis did not show a high increase in the level of the apoptosis marker after 24 h exposure of spheroids to CBD-2 and its dendriplexes. Measurements of the internalization of dendriplexes and microscopy images confirmed that the dendriplexes were transported into cells of the spheroids. Flow cytometry analysis of internalization indicated that CBD-2 transported siRNAs more effectively than CBD-1. Cytotoxic effects were visible after incubation with 3 doses of complexes for CBD-1 and both siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Białkowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (K.M.)
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, “Bionanopark” Ldt., 114/116 Dubois St., 93-465 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Piotr Komorowski
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, “Bionanopark” Ldt., 114/116 Dubois St., 93-465 Lodz, Poland;
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Materials Science, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafael Gomez-Ramirez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, IQAR, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (R.G.-R.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, IQAR, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (R.G.-R.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Miłowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (K.M.)
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22
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Jo A, Kwak JH, Woo SY, Kim BY, Son Y, Choi HS, Kim J, Kwon M, Cho HR, Eo SK, Nam JH, Kim HS, Baryawno N, Lee D, Kim K. Oxime derivative TFOBO promotes cell death by modulating reactive oxygen species and regulating NADPH oxidase activity in myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7519. [PMID: 35525902 PMCID: PMC9079095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Several derivatives derived from the oxime structure have been reported as potential anticancer agents in various cancers. Here, we first tested a novel oxime-containing derivative of 2-((2,4,5-trifluorobenzyl)oxy)benzaldehyde oxime (TFOBO) to evaluate its anticancer effect in myeloid leukemic cells. Compared to (2-((2,4,5-trifluorobenzyl)oxy)phenyl)methanol (TFOPM), the oxime derivative TFOBO suppresses leukemic cell growth by significantly increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell death. Leukemic cells treated with TFOBO displayed apoptotic cell death, as indicated by nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, and annexin V staining. TFOBO increases Bax/Bcl2 levels, caspase9, and caspase3/7 activity and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential. ROS production was reduced by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a ROS scavenger, diphenyleneiodonium chloride, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitor, after exogenous TFOBO treatment. ROS inhibitors protect leukemic cells from TFOBO-induced cell death. Thus, our study findings suggest that TFOBO promotes apoptosis by modulating ROS and regulating NADPH oxidase activity. Collectively, the oxime-containing derivative TFOBO is a novel therapeutic drug for myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyoung Jo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Woo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghae Son
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seon Choi
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Munju Kwon
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyok-Rae Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ho Nam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ninib Baryawno
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved sequential process of cell death to maintain a homeostatic balance between cell formation and cell death. It is a vital process for normal eukaryotic development as it contributes to the renewal of cells and tissues. Further, it plays a crucial role in the elimination of unnecessary cells through phagocytosis and prevents undesirable immune responses. Apoptosis is regulated by a complex signaling mechanism, which is driven by interactions among several protein families such as caspases, inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) family proteins, and several other proteases such as perforins and granzyme. The signaling pathway consists of both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival members, which stabilize the selection of cellular survival or death. However, any aberration in this pathway can lead to abnormal cell proliferation, ultimately leading to the development of cancer, autoimmune disorders, etc. This review aims to elaborate on apoptotic signaling pathways and mechanisms, interacting members involved in signaling, and how apoptosis is associated with carcinogenesis, along with insights into targeting apoptosis for disease resolution.
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Forzisi E, Yu W, Rajwade P, Sesti F. Antagonistic roles of Ras-MAPK and Akt signaling in integrin-K + channel complex-mediated cellular apoptosis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22292. [PMID: 35357039 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200180r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Complexes formed with α5-integrins and the voltage-gated potassium (K+ ) channel KCNB1 (Kv2.1), known as IKCs, transduce the electrical activity at the plasma membrane into biochemical events that impinge on cytoskeletal remodeling, cell differentiation, and migration. However, when cells are subject to stress of oxidative nature IKCs turn toxic and cause inflammation and death. Here, biochemical, pharmacological, and cell viability evidence demonstrates that in response to oxidative insults, IKCs activate an apoptotic Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Ras-MAPK) signaling pathway. Simultaneously, wild-type (WT) KCNB1 channels sequester protein kinase B (Akt) causing dephosphorylation of BCL2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD), a major sentinel of apoptosis progression. In contrast, IKCs formed with C73A KCNB1 variant that does not induce apoptosis (IKCC73A ), do not sequester Akt and thus are able to engage cell survival mechanisms. Taken together, these data suggest that apoptotic and survival forces co-exist in IKCs. Integrins send death signals through Ras-MAPK and KCNB1 channels simultaneously sabotage survival mechanisms. Thus, the combined action of integrins and KCNB1 channels advances life or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Forzisi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Parth Rajwade
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Federico Sesti
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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25
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Decorin Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via AMPK-mTOR-Regulated Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3955748. [PMID: 35391926 PMCID: PMC8983248 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3955748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among the elderly worldwide with unidentified pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. Oxidative stress-induced damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is central in the development and progression of AMD. Decorin (DCN), a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, possesses powerful antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties. DCN has also been reported to serve a cytoprotective role in various cell types, but its protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells remain unclear. In this study, we showed that DCN significantly attenuated the increase in cell viability loss, apoptosis rate, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ARPE-19 cells induced by H2O2. Furthermore, DCN activated the AMPK/mTOR pathway to promote autophagy while genetic inhibition of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) hindered autophagic process and diminished the protective role of DCN against oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells. Collectively, these results suggest that DCN could protect RPE cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via autophagy promotion, thus providing the therapeutic potential for AMD prevention and treatment.
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Liu S, Jin Z, Xia R, Zheng Z, Zha Y, Wang Q, Wan X, Yang H, Cai J. Protection of Human Lens Epithelial Cells from Oxidative Stress Damage and Cell Apoptosis by KGF-2 through the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6933812. [PMID: 35222803 PMCID: PMC8872674 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6933812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress exerts a significant influence on the pathogenesis of various cataracts by inducing degradation and aggregation of lens proteins and apoptosis of lens epithelial cells. Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2) exerts a favorable cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. In this work, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of KGF-2 against hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and rat lenses. KGF-2 pretreatment could reduce H2O2-induced cytotoxicity as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. KGF-2 also increases B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), quinine oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD2), and catalase (CAT) levels while decreasing the expression level of Bcl2-associated X (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3 in H2O2-stimulated HLECs. LY294002, the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor, abolished KGF-2's effect to some extent, demonstrating that KGF-2 protected HLECs via the PI3K/Akt pathway. On the other hand, KGF-2 activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Silencing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by targeted-siRNA and inhibiting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) through zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) significantly decreased cytoprotection of KGF-2. Furthermore, as revealed by lens organ culture assays, KGF-2 treatment decreased H2O2-induced lens opacity in a concentration-dependent manner. As demonstrated by these data, KGF-2 resisted H2O2-mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress in HLECs through Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt pathways, suggesting a potential protective effect against the formation of cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zi Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ruyue Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuoni Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yi Zha
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xinbei Wan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1G1
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianqiu Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Shuang L, Su XL, Zheng GD, Zou SM. Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on gill remodeling, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in hypoxia-tolerant new variety blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:263-274. [PMID: 35099685 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Blunt snout bream plays an important role in freshwater aquaculture in China, but the development of its culture industry has been restricted by increasing hypoxia problem. Through the breeding of wild blunt snout bream populations (F0), a hypoxia-tolerant new variety (F6) was obtained. In this study, the new variety was stressed under low oxygen concentration (2.0 mg·L-1) for 4 and 7 days, the morphological structure of the gill tissue showed a striking change, the interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) volume reduced significantly (P < 0.05), and the lamellar respiratory surface area enlarged significantly (P < 0.05), compared to normoxic controls. After 7 days of oxygen recovery, gill remodeling was completely reversed. Additionally, the TUNEL-positive apoptotic fluorescence signals increased in the gills exposed to hypoxia up to 4 and 7 days; the apoptosis rate also increased significantly (P < 0.05). Under 4 and 7 days of hypoxia stress, the expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 in the gills downregulated significantly (P < 0.05), with the significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bad. Furthermore, under hypoxia stress, the activity or content of oxidative stress-related enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH)) in gill tissue increased to varying degrees compared to normoxic controls. These results offer a new perspective into the cellular and molecular mechanism of hypoxia-induced gill remodeling in blunt snout bream and a theoretical basis for its hypoxia adaptation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shuang
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Su
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zheng
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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28
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Raj S. R, D. N. D, Mondal S, Ashokan M, Thota LN, Karuthadurai T, J. NKT, Ramesha KP. Expression analysis of pro-apoptotic BAX and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 genes in relation to lactation performance in Deoni and Holstein Friesian crossbred cows. Anim Biotechnol 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35067189 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2025066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The study was designed with the objective of expression analysis of pro-apoptotic BAX and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 genes on lactation performance in Bos indicus and HF crossbred cows during early lactation. BAX/BCL-2 mRNA expression ratio in HF crossbreds showed a steady increase from 30th day to 90th day, but in Deoni cows the ratio exhibited a different pattern, which increased from day 30 to day 60, decreased on day 75, and then increased on day 90. BAX/BCL-2 expression ratio in Deoni and HF crossbreds were lowest on day 30 and highest on day 90. On contrary, the milk yield was highest on day 30 and lowest on day 90 suggesting BCL-2 gene favors milk production and BAX gene oppose milk production. In comparison to HF crossbreds, Deoni cows exhibited highest BAX/BCL-2 ratio at the end of early lactation, indicating Bos indicus cows were more sensitive to apoptosis than HF crossbreds. Comparison of daily milk yield with BAX/BCL-2 mRNA expression ratio revealed significant negative correlation with a correlation coefficient of -0.98 (P < 0.01) and -0.95 (P < 0.05) in Deoni and HF crossbred cows, respectively. Our study provides new insights into understanding the genetic control of mammary apoptosis between Bos indicus and HF crossbreds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Raj S.
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Das D. N.
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - S. Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
| | - M. Ashokan
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | | | - T. Karuthadurai
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Nikhil Kumar Tej J.
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
| | - Kerekoppa P. Ramesha
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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29
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Onaolapo OJ, Odeniyi AO, Onaolapo AY. Parkinson's Disease: Is there a Role for Dietary and Herbal Supplements? CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 20:343-365. [PMID: 33602107 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210218082954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of the neurons of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway of the brain. The pharmacological cornerstone of PD management is mainly the use of dopamine precursors, dopamine receptor agonists, and agents that inhibit the biochemical degradation of dopamine. While these drugs initially provide relief to the symptoms and improve the quality of life of the patients, progression of the underlying pathological processes, such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation (which have been strongly associated with PD and other neurodegenerative disorders), eventually reduce their benefits, making further benefits achievable, only at high doses due to which the magnitude and frequency of side-effects are amplified. Also, while it is becoming obvious that mainstream pharmacological agents may not always provide the much-needed answer, the question remains what succour can nature provide through dietary supplements, nutraceuticals and herbal remedies? This narrative review examines current literature for evidence of the possible roles (if any) of nutraceuticals, dietary supplements and herbal remedies in the prevention or management of PD by examining how these compounds could modulate key factors and pathways that are crucial to the pathogenesis and/or progression of PD. The likely limitations of this approach and its possible future roles in PD prevention and management are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle J Onaolapo
- Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neuropharmacology Subdivision, Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Ademola O Odeniyi
- Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neuropharmacology Subdivision, Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Adejoke Y Onaolapo
- Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neurobiology Subdivision, Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
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30
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LEE BB, KIM YM, PYEON SM, JEONG HJ, CHO YS, NAM SH. Physiochemical properties and neuroprotective function of Korean major yuzu varieties. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.69222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bae LEE
- Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea
| | - Young-Min KIM
- Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea
| | | | - Hyeon-Ju JEONG
- Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea
| | - Youn-Sup CHO
- Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea
| | - Seung-Hee NAM
- Chonnam National University, Korea; Chonnam National University, Korea
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31
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Xiang S, Xiao J. Protective effects of syringic acid on inflammation, apoptosis and intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced injury. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:66. [PMID: 34934437 PMCID: PMC8649867 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Syringic acid (SA) is an abundant phenolic acid compound that has been demonstrated to yield therapeutic benefits in myocardial and renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, the role of SA in intestinal I/R injury is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of SA against intestinal I/R injury. Caco-2 cells were incubated with different doses of SA before oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induction. The viability of Caco-2 cells, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the levels of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were measured. Apoptosis was evaluated using a TUNEL assay and western blotting. Transepithelial electrical resistance and western blotting were performed to evaluate intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 cells. The present study revealed that pretreatment with SA significantly increased cell viability and reduced LDH release in Caco-2 cells subjected to OGD/R treatment. In addition, SA suppressed OGD/R-induced inflammatory responses by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis were ameliorated by SA. SA also alleviated the intestinal barrier disruption exhibited by Caco-2 cells after OGD/R injury. Overall, the present study revealed that SA may potentially protect Caco-2 cells from OGD/R injury, and that this effect may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities, as well as its ability to protect the function of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Xiang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China.,General Practice, Xiacun Community Health Service Center, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518106, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China.,General Practice, Liuxian Community Health Service Center, Shenzhen Nanshan Medical Group HQ, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
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32
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Ye F, Dan G, Zhao Y, Yu W, Cheng J, Chen M, Sai Y, Zou Z. Small-interfering RNA for c-Jun attenuates cell death by preventing JNK-dependent PARP1 cleavage and DNA fragmentation in nitrogen mustard-injured immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:1034-1044. [PMID: 34733488 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (a type of vesicant) can directly damage lung bronchial epithelium via aerosol inhalation, and prevalent cell death is an early event that obstructs the respiratory tract. JNK/c-Jun is a stress response pathway, but its role in cell death of the injured cells is not clear. Here, we report that JNK/c-Jun was activated in immortalized human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells exposed to a lethal dose (20 μM) of nitrogen mustard (NM, a sulfur mustard analog). c-Jun silencing using small-interfering RNA (siRNA) rendered the cells resistant to NM-mediated cell death by blocking poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) cleavage and DNA fragmentation. In addition, the transduction of upstream extrinsic (Fasl-Fas-caspase-8) and intrinsic (loss of Bcl-2 and mitochondrial membrane potential, ΔΨm) apoptosis pathways, as well as phosphorylated (p)-H2AX (Ser139), an epigenetic marker contributing to DNA fragmentation and PARP1 activity, was partially suppressed. To mimic the detachment of cells by NM, HBE cells were trypsinized and seeded on culture plates that were pre-coated with poly-HEMA to prevent cell adhesion. The JNK/c-Jun pathway was found to be activated in the detached cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that JNK/c-Jun pathway activation is necessary for NM-caused HBE cell death and further suggest that c-Jun silencing may be a potential approach to protect HBE cells from vesicant damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guorong Dan
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuanpeng Zhao
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenpei Yu
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Sai
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhongmin Zou
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Long Z, Xiang W, Li J, Yang T, Yu G. Exploring the Mechanism of Resveratrol in Reducing the Soft Tissue Damage of Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:9931957. [PMID: 34646331 PMCID: PMC8505078 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9931957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the mechanism of resveratrol in reducing the soft tissue damage of osteoarthritis (OA) based on network pharmacology. METHODS Pharmmapper was used to predict the target of resveratrol, OMIM and Genecards were used to collect OA-related disease genes, and David ver 6.8 was used for enrichment analysis. Then, animal experiments were carried out for verification. The rat OA model was established and the rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: model group, resveratrol low-dose group, resveratrol high-dose group, and blank control group for follow-up experiments. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the degree of pathological damage of rat bones and joints. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the content of inflammatory factors. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor kappa B protein (NF-κB), cysteine protease-9 (CASP-9), Bcl-2 protein, and Bax protein. RESULTS Through network pharmacological analysis, this study found that resveratrol may regulate the TLR4 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, Osteoclast differentiation, Rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Animal experiments showed that compared with the model group, the pathological damage of bone and joint in the resveratrol low-dose and high-dose groups was significantly improved. Compared with the model group, the serum levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and MCP-1 in the resveratrol low-dose and high-dose groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); protein levels of TLR-4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); caspase-9 and Bax protein levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and Bcl-2 was significantly increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Resveratrol may inhibit the activation of the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway and has a repairing effect on soft tissue damage in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Long
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tiejun Yang
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ganpeng Yu
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang City, Hunan Province, China
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Wu S, Li T, Liu W, Huang Y. Ferroptosis and Cancer: Complex Relationship and Potential Application of Exosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:733751. [PMID: 34568341 PMCID: PMC8455874 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.733751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death induction has become popular as a novel cancer treatment. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of cell death, features regulated, iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides. Since this word “ferroptosis” was coined, numerous studies have examined the complex relationship between ferroptosis and cancer. Here, starting from the intrinsic hallmarks of cancer and cell death, we discuss the theoretical basis of cell death induction as a cancer treatment. We review various aspects of the relationship between ferroptosis and cancer, including the genetic basis, epigenetic modification, cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment, to provide information and support for further research on ferroptosis. We also note that exosomes can be applied in ferroptosis-based therapy. These extracellular vesicles can deliver different molecules to modulate cancer cells and cell death pathways. Using exosomes to control ferroptosis occurring in targeted cells is promising for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianye Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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35
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Białkowska K, Miłowska K, Michlewska S, Sokołowska P, Komorowski P, Lozano-Cruz T, Gomez-Ramirez R, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M. Interaction of Cationic Carbosilane Dendrimers and Their siRNA Complexes with MCF-7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137097. [PMID: 34281151 PMCID: PMC8269323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of siRNA in gene therapy is mainly limited because of the problems with its transport into cells. Utilization of cationic dendrimers as siRNA carriers seems to be a promising solution in overcoming these issues, due to their positive charge and ability to penetrate cell membranes. The following two types of carbosilane dendrimers were examined: CBD-1 and CBD-2. Dendrimers were complexed with pro-apoptotic siRNA (Mcl-1 and Bcl-2) and the complexes were characterized by measuring their zeta potential, circular dichroism and fluorescence of ethidium bromide associated with dendrimers. CBD-2/siRNA complexes were also examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. Both dendrimers form complexes with siRNA. Moreover, the cellular uptake and influence on the cell viability of the dendrimers and dendriplexes were evaluated using microscopic methods and XTT assay on MCF-7 cells. Microscopy showed that both dendrimers can transport siRNA into cells; however, a cytotoxicity assay showed differences in the toxicity of these dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Białkowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.)
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, “Bionanopark” Ldt., 114/116 Dubois St., 93-465 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Miłowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Paulina Sokołowska
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, “Bionanopark” Ldt., 114/116 Dubois St., 93-465 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego St. 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Komorowski
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, “Bionanopark” Ldt., 114/116 Dubois St., 93-465 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (P.K.)
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Materials Science, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tania Lozano-Cruz
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, IQAR, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (T.L.-C.); (R.G.-R.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Gomez-Ramirez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, IQAR, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (T.L.-C.); (R.G.-R.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, IQAR, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (T.L.-C.); (R.G.-R.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.)
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36
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Herrera MG, Nicoletti F, Gras M, Dörfler PW, Tonali N, Hannappel Y, Ennen I, Hütten A, Hellweg T, Lammers KM, Dodero VI. Pepsin Digest of Gliadin Forms Spontaneously Amyloid-Like Nanostructures Influencing the Expression of Selected Pro-Inflammatory, Chemoattractant, and Apoptotic Genes in Caco-2 Cells: Implications for Gluten-Related Disorders. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100200. [PMID: 34110092 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Proteolysis-resistant gliadin peptides are intensely investigated in biomedical research relates to celiac disease and gluten-related disorders. Herein, the first integrated supramolecular investigation of pepsin-digested gliadin peptides (p-gliadin) is presented in combination with its functional behavior in the Caco-2 cell line. METHODS AND RESULTS First, gliadins are degraded by pepsin at pH 3, and the physicochemical properties of p-gliadin are compared with gliadin. An integrated approach using interfacial, spectroscopic, and microscopic techniques reveals that the p-gliadin forms spontaneously soluble large supramolecular structures, mainly oligomers and fibrils, capable of binding amyloid-sensitive dyes. The self-assembly of p-gliadin starts at a concentration of 0.40 µg mL-1 . Second, the stimulation of Caco-2 cells with the p-gliadin supramolecular system is performed, and the mRNA expression levels of a panel of genes are tested. The experiments show that p-gliadin composed of supramolecular structures triggers significant mRNA up-regulation (p < 0.05) of pro-apoptotic biomarkers (ratio Bcl2/Bak-1), chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL8), and the chemokine receptor CXCR3. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates that p-gliadin is interfacial active, forming spontaneously amyloid-type structures that trigger genes in the Caco-2 cell line involved in recruiting specialized immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Georgina Herrera
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Dr. Alejandro Paladini, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Francesco Nicoletti
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Marion Gras
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Philipp W Dörfler
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Nicolo Tonali
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, BioCIS, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, 92296, France
| | - Yvonne Hannappel
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Inga Ennen
- Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Andreas Hütten
- Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Karen M Lammers
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,Tubascan Ltd., Science Park 106, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, the Netherlands
| | - Veronica I Dodero
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
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Wen J, Liu J, Wang X, Wang J. Triptolide promotes the apoptosis and attenuates the inflammation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis by down-regulating lncRNA ENST00000619282. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4334-4346. [PMID: 34161642 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), recognized as a common chronic autoimmune disease, is characterized by the excessive proliferation and inflammatory infiltration of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). In this study, our purpose is to elucidate the mechanisms of triptolide (TPL) in the treatment of RA by regulating the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ENST00000619282, which promoted apoptosis and reduced inflammatory infiltration of FLS in RA (RA-FLS). RA-FLS was treated with different concentrations of TPL at different time points. CCK-8 assay, ELISA, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, TUNEL assay, and the transmission electron microscopy were used to measure the changes of cell viability, apoptosis, and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Next, the involvement of ENST00000619282 in TPL-mediated protection against RA was explored. ENST00000619282 expression was significantly increased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA patients. ENST0000061928 expression in RA PBMCs was positively associated with ESR, RF, CCP, and DAS28, while TPL treatment led to a downregulation of ENST00000619282. In addition, ENST00000619282 was significantly increased in RA-FLS. Furthermore, overexpression of ENST00000619282 elevated the levels of pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory factors, while reduced the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and antiinflammatory factors. Besides, TPL treatment could reverse these effects by ENST00000619282 overexpression. The anti-RA potential of TPL might be achieved by downregulating ENST00000619282, thereby promoting apoptosis, and reducing the inflammatory response in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Wen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Rheumatology, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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38
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Kar N, Gupta D, Bellare J. Ethanol affects fibroblast behavior differentially at low and high doses: A comprehensive, dose-response evaluation. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1054-1066. [PMID: 34307054 PMCID: PMC8296147 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol exhibits hormetic response in terms of cellular activity. 1 % (v/v) ethanol concentration demarcates non-toxic and toxic range. Different types of mitochondrial impairment identified at high dose. Cellular toxicity is accompanied by an increase in cellular stiffness. Dose-dependent cellular stress response to toxicity is observed.
This study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of effects of low and high doses of ethanol on cellular biochemistry and morphology. Here, fibroblast cells are exposed to ethanol of varied concentrations [0.005−10 % (v/v)] to investigate cellular activity, cytoskeletal organization, cellular stiffness, mitochondrial structure, and real-time behavior. Our results indicate a sharp difference in cellular behavior above and below 1 % ethanol concentration. A two-fold increase in MTT activity at low doses is observed, whereas at high doses it decreases. This increased activity at low doses does not involve cell proliferation changes or mitochondrial impairment, as seen at higher doses. Moreover, the study identifies different types of mitochondrial structure impairment at high doses. Morphologically, cells demonstrate a gradual change in cytoskeletal organization and an increase in cell stiffness with increase in doses. Cells exhibit adaptation to sub-toxic doses of ethanol, wherein recovery from ethanol-induced stress is a dose-dependent phenomenon. Cell survival at low doses and toxicity at higher doses are attributed to mild and strong oxidative stress, respectively. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of dose-dependent effects of ethanol, manifesting its biphasic or hormetic response, biochemically, at low doses and illustrating its toxicological effects at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelakshi Kar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Deepak Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Jayesh Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.,Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
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39
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Sugiol suppresses the growth, migration, and invasion of human endometrial cancer cells via induction of apoptosis and autophagy. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:234. [PMID: 33968578 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, diterpenoids have been shown to exhibit several health benefits including cancer prevention. In the present study, we examined the anticancer effects of sugiol diterpene against the endometrial carcinoma and attempted to explore the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that sugiol significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the proliferation of the endometrial carcinoma cell lines (HEC-1-A, HEC-1-B, and KLE) as compared to the normal THESCs cells. The IC50 of sugiol against all the three endometrial carcinoma cell lines ranged between 14 and 18 µM as against an IC50 of 110 μM against the normal THESCs cells. Sugiol caused several changes in the morphology of the HEC-1-B cells characteristic of apoptosis. The DAPI and annexin PI assays confirmed the induction of apoptosis in HEC-1-B cells. Sugiol also triggered increase in Bax and decrease in Bcl-2 expression. The acridine orange staining revealed that the formation of autolysosomes in HEC-1-B cells upon treatment with sugiol suggestive of autophagy. The autophagy was further confirmed by increase in the expression of LC3B-II, Beclin-1, Atg5, and Atg12 and decrease in the expression of P62. The transwell assay showed that relative to the untreated HEC-1-B cells, the migration and invasion of the sugiol-treated HEC-1-B cells was significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited. Collectively, the finding of the present study revealed that sugiol suppresses the growth of human endometrial cells via induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Consistently, sugiol may prove to be an important lead molecule in the development of chemotherapy for endometrial carcinoma.
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Cheng F, De Luca A, Hogan AL, Rayner SL, Davidson JM, Watchon M, Stevens CH, Muñoz SS, Ooi L, Yerbury JJ, Don EK, Fifita JA, Villalva MD, Suddull H, Chapman TR, Hedl TJ, Walker AK, Yang S, Morsch M, Shi B, Blair IP, Laird AS, Chung RS, Lee A. Unbiased Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics of Cells Expressing Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Mutations in CCNF Reveals Activation of the Apoptosis Pathway: A Workflow to Screen Pathogenic Gene Mutations. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:627740. [PMID: 33986643 PMCID: PMC8111008 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.627740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen a rapid acceleration in the discovery of new genetic causes of ALS, with more than 20 putative ALS-causing genes now cited. These genes encode proteins that cover a diverse range of molecular functions, including free radical scavenging (e.g., SOD1), regulation of RNA homeostasis (e.g., TDP-43 and FUS), and protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (e.g., ubiquilin-2 and cyclin F) and autophagy (TBK1 and sequestosome-1/p62). It is likely that the various initial triggers of disease (either genetic, environmental and/or gene-environment interaction) must converge upon a common set of molecular pathways that underlie ALS pathogenesis. Given the complexity, it is not surprising that a catalog of molecular pathways and proteostasis dysfunctions have been linked to ALS. One of the challenges in ALS research is determining, at the early stage of discovery, whether a new gene mutation is indeed disease-specific, and if it is linked to signaling pathways that trigger neuronal cell death. We have established a proof-of-concept proteogenomic workflow to assess new gene mutations, using CCNF (cyclin F) as an example, in cell culture models to screen whether potential gene candidates fit the criteria of activating apoptosis. This can provide an informative and time-efficient output that can be extended further for validation in a variety of in vitro and in vivo models and/or for mechanistic studies. As a proof-of-concept, we expressed cyclin F mutations (K97R, S195R, S509P, R574Q, S621G) in HEK293 cells for label-free quantitative proteomics that bioinformatically predicted activation of the neuronal cell death pathways, which was validated by immunoblot analysis. Proteomic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patient fibroblasts bearing the S621G mutation showed the same activation of these pathways providing compelling evidence for these candidate gene mutations to be strong candidates for further validation and mechanistic studies (such as E3 enzymatic activity assays, protein-protein and protein-substrate studies, and neuronal apoptosis and aberrant branching measurements in zebrafish). Our proteogenomics approach has great utility and provides a relatively high-throughput screening platform to explore candidate gene mutations for their propensity to cause neuronal cell death, which will guide a researcher for further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Cheng
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Alana De Luca
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison L Hogan
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Rayner
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennilee M Davidson
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Maxinne Watchon
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire H Stevens
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Sanz Muñoz
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin J Yerbury
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily K Don
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Fifita
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria D Villalva
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah Suddull
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Tyler R Chapman
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas J Hedl
- Neurodegeneration Pathobiology Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia.,Neurodegeneration Pathobiology Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Shu Yang
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Marco Morsch
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian P Blair
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Angela S Laird
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
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Yang F, Jiang X, Cao H, Shuai W, Zhang L, Wang G, Quan D, Jiang X. Daphnetin Preconditioning Decreases Cardiac Injury and Susceptibility to Ventricular Arrhythmia following Ischaemia-Reperfusion through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-Κb Signalling Pathway. Pharmacology 2021; 106:369-383. [PMID: 33902056 DOI: 10.1159/000513631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin, DAP) exhibits various bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, the role of DAP in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and I/R-related arrhythmia is still uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of DAP on myocardial I/R injury and electrophysiological properties in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Myocardial infarct size was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiographic and haemodynamic analyses. The levels of creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were detected using commercial kits. Apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling staining and flow cytometry. The viability of H9c2 cells was determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. In vitro, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by quantitative PCR. The expression levels of proteins associated with apoptosis, inflammation, and the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor kappa B (TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB) signalling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis. The RR, PR, QRS, and QTc intervals were assessed by surface ECG. The 90% action potential duration (APD90), threshold of APD alternans, and ventricular tachycardia inducibility were measured by the Langendorff perfusion technique. RESULTS DAP preconditioning decreased myocardial I/R injury and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in cells. DAP preconditioning improved cardiac function after myocardial I/R injury. DAP preconditioning also suppressed apoptosis, attenuated oxidative stress, and inhibited inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, DAP preconditioning decreased the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia after myocardial I/R. Finally, DAP preconditioning inhibited the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB)/P65 in mice subjected to I/R and cells subjected to H/R. CONCLUSIONS DAP preconditioning protected against myocardial I/R injury and decreased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyi Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dajun Quan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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Lin K, Qin Z, Qu C, Chen X, Jiang Q, Li M, Zheng Q, Li D. Hydroxyl safflower yellow B combined with doxorubicin inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:426. [PMID: 33850567 PMCID: PMC8025109 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is currently the preferred chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer, and hydroxyl safflower yellow B (HSYB) has a tumor growth-inhibiting activity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of HSYB combined with DOX on the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and explore the underlying mechanism. MTT and cell colony formation assays revealed that the proliferation rate of MCF-7 cells was signifiscantly decreased after HSYB and DOX treatment. Combined HSYB and DOX treatment significantly decreased the expression levels of BCL-2 in MCF-7 cells, while the expression levels of apoptosis-associated proteins, including cleaved caspase-9, BAX and cleaved caspase-3, were markedly increased. Furthermore, flow cytometry and western blot analysis demonstrated that combined HSYB and DOX treatment stimulated an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and promoted the release of cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis. The current data suggested that the combination of HSYB and DOX may have marked antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehao Lin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Ze Qin
- Department of Anesthesia, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Chuanjun Qu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Qingling Jiang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Minjing Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Defang Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
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43
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Freytag JO, Queiroz MR, Govoni VM, Pereira IVA, Pulz LH, de Francisco Strefezzi R, Queiroga FL, Cogliati B. Prognostic value of immunohistochemical markers in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 19:529-540. [PMID: 33724647 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Histological grading systems remain cornerstones in the prognosis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs), but the distinct biological behaviour of each tumour often necessitates the use of complementary markers. Although a plethora of immunohistochemical markers have been proposed as prognostic factors, few are presently applied in routine diagnosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to establish which immunohistochemical markers have verifiable prognostic value for cutaneous MCTs in dogs. A Boolean search of five databases identified 200 articles for screening, of which 73 were selected for full-text assessment and 24 ultimately included in the systematic review. Odds Ratio (OR) was adopted as the summary measure for subsequent meta-analysis but only 15 articles, relating to the immunomarkers Ki-67 (9), KIT (5), and BAX (2), provided either a value for OR or sufficient data to calculate this statistic. Meta-analysis verified that canine cutaneous MCTs with elevated expression of Ki-67 or BAX, as well aberrant immuno-expression of KIT, showed an increased odds of death, with respective OR values of 11.2 (95% CI 6.3-20.0; p < .01), 9.9 (95% CI 1.3-73.6; p = .03), and 4.1 (95% CI 1.1-15.3; p = .03). Despite KIT, Ki67, and BAX arise as suitable prognostic factor for canine MCTs, this study highlighted the lack of important clinical and statistical data in many published articles, rendering it impossible to complete the meta-analysis of several potentially valuable immunohistochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ostrand Freytag
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Ramos Queiroz
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica Mollica Govoni
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Veloso Alves Pereira
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lidia Hildebrand Pulz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Francisco Strefezzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Felisbina Luisa Queiroga
- Center for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hou Y, Yuan P, Fu Y, Zhang Q, Gao L, Wei Y, Zheng X, Feng W. Geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides var. radicans Makino Attenuates Myocardial Injury in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via Regulating Apoptotic and Energy Metabolism Signalling Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:949-962. [PMID: 33688169 PMCID: PMC7937395 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s292107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is closely related to myocardial injury. Long-term hypertension can cause myocardial injury. Therefore, it is very important to find drugs to treat myocardial injury caused by hypertension. The aim of present study is to investigate the effects and mechanisms of geniposide on myocardial injuries in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and H9c2 cells induced by NaCl solution. Materials and Methods Male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and SHR rats were given different doses of geniposide (25 mg/kg/d or 50 mg/kg/d) or distilled water for three consecutive weeks. Meanwhile, an H9c2 cell line-injury model was established using a solution of 150 µmol/L NaCl for 8 h. The cardiac function and related indexes of rats were detected. Results The results showed that geniposide decreased the levels of COI and COIII, which promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK (p-AMPK) and enhanced the energy metabolism pathway. Geniposide improved myocardial apoptosis by regulating apoptotic proteins (p38, BAX and Bcl-2). Finally, heart function was regulated, and the markers of myocardial injury were decreased. Geniposide increased the viability of H9c2 cells treated with the NaCl solution and decreased the rate of apoptosis by regulating the levels of apoptotic proteins. Geniposide could activate energy metabolism signalling pathway (AMPK/SirT1/FOXO1) and reduce H9c2 cell apoptosis. Conclusion Our results showed that the mechanisms by which geniposide improves myocardial injury in SHR may be through regulating the energy metabolism signalling pathway (AMPK/SirT1/FOXO1) and improving myocardial apoptosis by regulating apoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
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45
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Ge Y, Li B, Yang Y, Feng C, Tang X, Shi Y, Le G, Sun J. Oxidized Pork Induces Disorders of Glucose Metabolism in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000859. [PMID: 33502107 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Consumption of red meat, particularly processed red meat, has been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes risk, and oxidized proteins and amino acids may be involved in this process. This study explores the effects of pork with varying degrees of oxidative injury caused by cooking on glucose metabolism in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Cooked pork is freeze-dried to prepare animal feed. Mice are fed either a control diet (CON), a low- (LOP), or a high-oxidative injury pork diet (HOP) for 12 weeks. Intake of HOP causes hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, and impaired glucose tolerance, indicating a glucose metabolism disorder. Accumulation of oxidation products increases oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which impairs pancreatic islet β cells function and reduces insulin secretion. Moreover, HOP-mediated hyperglycemia can be partly attributed to elevated hepatic glucose output, as indicated by increased gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, and decreased glycolysis and glycogen content. Changes in these processes may be regulated by reduced insulin levels and suppression of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway and its downstream signaling molecules. CONCLUSION HOP intake induces disorders of glucose metabolism by impairing pancreatic insulin secretion and increasing hepatic glucose output. Protein oxidation plays a key role in abnormal glucose metabolism induced by HOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- College of Grain and Food Science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chuanxing Feng
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Lin SS, Niu CC, Yuan LJ, Tsai TT, Lai PL, Chong KY, Wei KC, Huang CY, Lu ML, Yang CY, Ueng SWN. Mir-573 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting Bax in human degenerative disc cells following hyperbaric oxygen treatment. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:16. [PMID: 33413477 PMCID: PMC7789655 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-02114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a vital role in the intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. The expression level of miR-573 was downregulated whereas Bax was upregulated notably in human degenerative nucleus pulposus cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-573 in human degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) cells following hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment. Methods NP cells were separated from human degenerated IVD tissues. The control cells were maintained in 5% CO2/95% air and the hyperoxic cells were exposed to 100% O2 at 2.5 atmospheres absolute. MiRNA expression profiling was performed via microarray and confirmed by real-time PCR, and miRNA target genes were identified using bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays. The mRNA and protein levels of Bax were measured. The proliferation of NPCs was detected using MTT assay. The protein expression levels of Bax, cleaved caspase 9, cleaved caspase 3, pro-caspase 9, and pro-caspase 3 were examined. Results Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of the Bax mRNA contained the “seed-matched-sequence” for hsa-miR-573, which was validated via reporter assays. MiR-573 was induced by HBO and simultaneous suppression of Bax was observed in NP cells. Knockdown of miR-573 resulted in upregulation of Bax expression in HBO-treated cells. In addition, overexpression of miR-573 by HBO increased cell proliferation and coupled with inhibition of cell apoptosis. The cleavage of pro-caspase 9 and pro-caspase 3 was suppressed while the levels of cleaved caspase 9 and caspase 3 were decreased in HBO-treated cells. Transfection with anti-miR-573 partly suppressed the effects of HBO. Conclusion Mir-573 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting Bax in human degenerative NP cells following HBO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Shu Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chien Niu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ting Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Wei
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosugery, New Taipei Municipal Tu Cheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yin Huang
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ling Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Yung Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Steve W N Ueng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. .,Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Malekzadeh Kebria M, Salehnia M, Zavareh S, Moazzeni SS. The effect of sodium selenite on apoptotic gene expression and development of in vitro cultured mouse oocytes in comparison with in vivo obtained oocytes. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:377-383. [PMID: 33643591 PMCID: PMC7904118 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.93471.2255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is widely used in assisted reproduction technologies. The present study aimed to improve the in vitro oocyte maturation and its development through enriching the culture media with sodium selenite (SS). Moreover, the effects of SS on the expression of the oocytes apoptosis-related genes were assessed. In this study, male and female NMRI mice were used and after collecting their germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, they were cultured with SS (experimental group) and without SS (control group). Collected metaphase II oocytes (MII) from the fallopian tube were considered as in vivo group. After in vitro culture, the oocytes were assessed in terms of nuclear maturation. The MII oocytes were inseminated and the development was examined until the blastocyst stage. Also, oocytes were subjected to the molecular analysis for evaluating the expression of BAX, BCL2, P53, and BAD genes using the real-time RT-PCR. The maturation rate was significantly increased in the SS supplemented group compared to the control one. The developmental rate of the embryos was significantly higher for both of the in vivo and SS supplemented groups rather than the control one, however, no significant difference was seen between these rates of the experimental and in vivo groups. Real-time RT-PCR did not show any significant differences in the expression of the apoptosis-related genes for all of the studied groups. The p53 gene was not expressed in any of groups. Sodium selenite improved the oocyte developmental competence but did not change the expression of the apoptosis-related genes in MII oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojdeh Salehnia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Saeed Zavareh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran;
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran;
| | - Seyyed Saeed Moazzeni
- Prevention of Metabolic Research Disorder Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorder, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang X, Wang Z, Guo Z, Song T, He N, Zhu J, Cao K, Zhang Z. A "Three-in-One" Multifunctional Probe for Bcl-2/Mcl-1 Profiling and Visualizing in Situ. Chembiochem 2020; 22:326-329. [PMID: 32881291 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, the two arms of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, have been identified as key regulators of apoptosis and effective therapeutic targets of cancer. However, no small-molecular probe is capable of profiling and visualizing both Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 simultaneously in situ. Herein, we report a multifunctional molecular probe (BnN3 -OPD-Alk) by a "three-in-one" molecular designing strategy, which integrated the Bcl-2/Mcl-1 binding ligand, fluorescent reporter group and photoreactive group azido into the same scaffold. BnN3 -OPD-Alk exhibited sub-micromolar affinities to Bcl-2/Mcl-1 and bright green self-fluorescence. It was then successfully applied for Bcl-2/Mcl-1 labeling, capturing, enriching, and bioimaging both in vitro and in cells. This strategy could facilitate the precise early diagnosis and effective therapy of dual Bcl-2/Mcl-1-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Ziqian Wang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Zongwei Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Ting Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Nianzhe He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Junjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Keke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 LingGong Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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Del Pino Molina L, Torres Canizales JM, Pernía O, Rodríguez Pena R, Ibanez de Caceres I, López Granados E. Defective Bcl-2 expression in memory B cells from common variable immunodeficiency patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 203:341-350. [PMID: 32961586 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and different degrees of B cell compartment alteration. Memory B cell differentiation requires the orchestrated activation of several intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the activation of a number of factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) which, in turn, promote transcriptional programs required for long-term survival. The aim of this study was to determine if disrupted B cell differentiation, survival and activation in B cells in CVID patients could be related to defects in intracellular signaling pathways. For this purpose, we selected intracellular readouts that reflected the strength of homeostatic signaling pathways in resting cells, as the protein expression levels of the Bcl-2 family which transcription is promoted by NF-κB. We found reduced Bcl-2 protein levels in memory B cells from CVID patients. We further explored the possible alteration of this crucial prosurvival signaling pathway in CVID patients by analysing the expression levels of mRNAs from anti-apoptotic proteins in naive B cells, mimicking T cell-dependent activation in vitro with CD40L and interleukin (IL)-21. BCL-XL mRNA levels were decreased, together with reduced levels of AICDA, after naive B-cell activation in CVID patients. The data suggested a molecular mechanism for this tendency towards apoptosis in B cells from CVID patients. Lower Bcl-2 protein levels in memory B cells could compromise their long-term survival, and a possible less activity of NF-κB in naive B cells, may condition an inabilityto increase BCL-XL mRNA levels, thus not promoting survival in the germinal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Del Pino Molina
- Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Torres Canizales
- Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
| | - O Pernía
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Rodríguez Pena
- Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Ibanez de Caceres
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - E López Granados
- Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
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Janakiraman U, Dhanalakshmi C, Yu J, Moutal A, Boinon L, Fukunaga K, Khanna R, Nelson MA. The investigation of the T-type calcium channel enhancer SAK3 in an animal model of TAF1 intellectual disability syndrome. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:105006. [PMID: 32622085 PMCID: PMC7422587 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
T-type calcium channels, in the central nervous system, are involved in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases, including TAF1 intellectual disability syndrome (TAF1 ID syndrome). Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel T-type Ca2+ channel enhancer, SAK3 (ethyl 8'-methyl-2', 4-dioxo-2-(piperidin-1-yl)-2'H-spiro [cyclopentane-1, 3'-imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine]-2-ene-3-carboxylate) in an animal model of TAF1 ID syndrome. At post-natal day 3, rat pups were subjected to intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of either gRNA-control or gRNA-TAF1 CRISPR/Cas9 viruses. At post-natal day 21 animals were given SAK3 (0.25 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle up to post-natal day 35 (i.e. 14 days). Rats were subjected to behavioral, morphological, electrophysiological, and molecular studies. Oral administration of SAK3 (0.25 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly rescued the behavior abnormalities in beam walking test and open field test caused by TAF1 gene editing. We observed an increase in calbindin-positive Purkinje cells and GFAP-positive astrocytes as well as a decrease in IBA1-positive microglia cells in SAK3-treated animals. In addition, SAK3 protected the Purkinje and granule cells from apoptosis induced by TAF-1 gene editing. SAK3 also restored the excitatory post synaptic current (sEPSCs) in TAF1 edited Purkinje cells. Finally, SAK3 normalized the BDNF/AKT signaling axis in TAF1 edited animals. Altogether, these observations suggest that SAK3 could be a novel therapeutic agent for TAF1 ID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaiyappan Janakiraman
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Chinnasamy Dhanalakshmi
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA; College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Aubin Moutal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lisa Boinon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA; The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA; The BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Mark A Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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