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Djalali-Cuevas A, Rettel M, Stein F, Savitski M, Kearns S, Kelly J, Biggs M, Skoufos I, Tzora A, Prassinos N, Diakakis N, Zeugolis DI. Macromolecular crowding in human tenocyte and skin fibroblast cultures: A comparative analysis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100977. [PMID: 38322661 PMCID: PMC10846491 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Although human tenocytes and dermal fibroblasts have shown promise in tendon engineering, no tissue engineered medicine has been developed due to the prolonged ex vivo time required to develop an implantable device. Considering that macromolecular crowding has the potential to substantially accelerate the development of functional tissue facsimiles, herein we compared human tenocyte and dermal fibroblast behaviour under standard and macromolecular crowding conditions to inform future studies in tendon engineering. Basic cell function analysis made apparent the innocuousness of macromolecular crowding for both cell types. Gene expression analysis of the without macromolecular crowding groups revealed expression of tendon related molecules in human dermal fibroblasts and tenocytes. Protein electrophoresis and immunocytochemistry analyses showed significantly increased and similar deposition of collagen fibres by macromolecular crowding in the two cell types. Proteomics analysis demonstrated great similarities between human tenocyte and dermal fibroblast cultures, as well as the induction of haemostatic, anti-microbial and tissue-protective proteins by macromolecular crowding in both cell populations. Collectively, these data rationalise the use of either human dermal fibroblasts or tenocytes in combination with macromolecular crowding in tendon engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Djalali-Cuevas
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mandy Rettel
- Proteomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mikhail Savitski
- Proteomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jack Kelly
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Manus Biggs
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
| | - Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
| | - Nikitas Prassinos
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Diakakis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
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Palomino Lago E, Baird A, Blott SC, McPhail RE, Ross AC, Durward-Akhurst SA, Guest DJ. A Functional Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Upstream of the Collagen Type III Gene Is Associated with Catastrophic Fracture Risk in Thoroughbred Horses. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:116. [PMID: 38200847 PMCID: PMC10778232 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fractures caused by bone overloading are a leading cause of euthanasia in Thoroughbred racehorses. The risk of fatal fracture has been shown to be influenced by both environmental and genetic factors but, to date, no specific genetic mechanisms underpinning fractures have been identified. In this study, we utilised a genome-wide polygenic risk score to establish an in vitro cell system to study bone gene regulation in horses at high and low genetic risk of fracture. Candidate gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of COL3A1 and STAT1 genes in osteoblasts derived from high- and low-risk horses. Whole-genome sequencing of two fracture cases and two control horses revealed a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) upstream of COL3A1 that was confirmed in a larger cohort to be significantly associated with fractures. Bioinformatics tools predicted that this SNP may impact the binding of the transcription factor SOX11. Gene modulation demonstrated SOX11 is upstream of COL3A1, and the region binds to nuclear proteins. Furthermore, luciferase assays demonstrated that the region containing the SNP has promoter activity. However, the specific effect of the SNP depends on the broader genetic background of the cells and suggests other factors may also be involved in regulating COL3A1 expression. In conclusion, we have identified a novel SNP that is significantly associated with fracture risk and provide new insights into the regulation of the COL3A1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Palomino Lago
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK; (E.P.L.); (A.C.R.)
| | - Arabella Baird
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK
| | - Sarah C. Blott
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Rhona E. McPhail
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK
| | - Amy C. Ross
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK; (E.P.L.); (A.C.R.)
| | - Sian A. Durward-Akhurst
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Deborah J. Guest
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK; (E.P.L.); (A.C.R.)
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Frerichs LM, Frerichs B, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Windolf J, Bittersohl B, Hoffmann MJ, Grotheer V. Tumorigenic effects of human mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts on bladder cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1228185. [PMID: 37781195 PMCID: PMC10534007 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1228185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer face a poor prognosis due to rapid disease progression and chemoresistance. Thus, there is an urgent need for a new therapeutic treatment. The tumor microenvironment (TME) has crucial roles in tumor development, growth, progression, and therapy resistance. TME cells may also survive standard treatment of care and fire up disease recurrence. However, whether specific TME components have tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibitory properties depends on cell type and cancer entity. Thus, a deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between the TME and cancer cells is needed to develop new cancer treatment approaches that overcome therapy resistance. Little is known about the function and interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) or fibroblasts (FB) as TME components and bladder cancer cells. Methods We investigated the functional impact of conditioned media (CM) from primary cultures of different donors of MSC or FB on urothelial carcinoma cell lines (UCC) representing advanced disease stages, namely, BFTC-905, VMCUB-1, and UMUC-3. Underlying mechanisms were identified by RNA sequencing and protein analyses of cancer cells and of conditioned media by oncoarrays. Results Both FB- and MSC-CM had tumor-promoting effects on UCC. In some experiments, the impact of MSC-CM was more pronounced. CM augmented the aggressive phenotype of UCC, particularly of those with epithelial phenotype. Proliferation and migratory and invasive capacity were significantly increased; cisplatin sensitivity was reduced. RNA sequencing identified underlying mechanisms and molecules contributing to the observed phenotype changes. NRF2 and NF-κB signaling was affected, contributing to improved cisplatin detoxification. Likewise, interferon type I signaling was downregulated and regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) were increased. Altered protein abundance of CXCR4, hyaluronan receptor CD44, or TGFβ-signaling was induced by CM in cancer cells and may contribute to phenotypical changes. CM contained high levels of CCL2/MCP-1, MMPs, and interleukins which are well known for their impact on other cancer entities. Conclusions The CM of two different TME components had overlapping tumor-promoting effects and increased chemoresistance. We identified underlying mechanisms and molecules contributing to the aggressiveness of bladder cancer cells. These need to be further investigated for targeting the TME to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie M. Frerichs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bastian Frerichs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Windolf
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Bittersohl
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Grotheer
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Ryan CN, Pugliese E, Shologu N, Gaspar D, Rooney P, Islam MN, O'Riordan A, Biggs MJ, Griffin MD, Zeugolis DI. Physicochemical cues are not potent regulators of human dermal fibroblast trans-differentiation. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2023; 11:100079. [PMID: 37720487 PMCID: PMC10499661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2023.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their inherent plasticity, dermal fibroblasts hold great promise in regenerative medicine. Although biological signals have been well-established as potent regulators of dermal fibroblast function, it is still unclear whether physiochemical cues can induce dermal fibroblast trans-differentiation. Herein, we evaluated the combined effect of surface topography, substrate rigidity, collagen type I coating and macromolecular crowding in human dermal fibroblast cultures. Our data indicate that tissue culture plastic and collagen type I coating increased cell proliferation and metabolic activity. None of the assessed in vitro microenvironment modulators affected cell viability. Anisotropic surface topography induced bidirectional cell morphology, especially on more rigid (1,000 kPa and 130 kPa) substrates. Macromolecular crowding increased various collagen types, but not fibronectin, deposition. Macromolecular crowding induced globular extracellular matrix deposition, independently of the properties of the substrate. At day 14 (longest time point assessed), macromolecular crowding downregulated tenascin C (in 9 out of the 14 groups), aggrecan (in 13 out of the 14 groups), osteonectin (in 13 out of the 14 groups), and collagen type I (in all groups). Overall, our data suggest that physicochemical cues (such surface topography, substrate rigidity, collagen coating and macromolecular crowding) are not as potent as biological signals in inducing dermal fibroblast trans-differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina N.M. Ryan
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Eugenia Pugliese
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Naledi Shologu
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Diana Gaspar
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peadar Rooney
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Md Nahidul Islam
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alan O'Riordan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork (UCC), Cork, Ireland
| | - Manus J. Biggs
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Matthew D. Griffin
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
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Kołodziej-Wojnar P, Borkowska J, Domaszewska-Szostek A, Bujanowska O, Noszczyk B, Krześniak N, Stańczyk M, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M. Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 and 2 Enzymes Affect Human Skin Fibroblasts in an Age-Related Manner. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1659. [PMID: 37371754 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), first to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), then to 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and finally to 5-carboxycytosine (5caC). Evidence suggests that changes in TET expression may impact cell function and the phenotype of aging. Proliferation, apoptosis, markers of autophagy and double-strand DNA break repair, and the expression of Fibulin 5 were assessed by flow cytometry in TET1 and TET2-overexpressing fibroblasts isolated from sun-unexposed skin of young (23-35 years) and age-advanced (75-94 years) individuals. In cells derived from young individuals, TET1 overexpression resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis by 37% (p = 0.03) and 24% (p = 0.05), respectively, while the overexpression of TET2 caused a decrease in proliferation by 46% (p = 0.01). Notably, in cells obtained from age-advanced individuals, TETs exhibited different effects. Specifically, TET1 inhibited proliferation and expression of autophagy marker Beclin 1 by 45% (p = 0.05) and 28% (p = 0.048), respectively, while increasing the level of γH2AX, a marker of double-strand DNA breaks necessary for initiating the repair process, by 19% (p = 0.04). TET2 inhibited proliferation by 64% (p = 0.053) and increased the level of γH2AX and Fibulin 5 by 46% (p = 0.007) and 29% (p = 0.04), respectively. These patterns of TET1 and TET2 effects suggest their involvement in regulating various fibroblast functions and that some of their biological actions depend on the donor's age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kołodziej-Wojnar
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Borkowska
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Domaszewska-Szostek
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Bujanowska
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Noszczyk
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Krześniak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Stańczyk
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery with Traumatic Unit, Wolski Hospital, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Yan W, Yujie Z, Siquan N, Liang X, Di W, Shaohua Y, Zhikun G. Rat and mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can spontaneously express troponin T. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152022. [PMID: 36963147 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate whether the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of rat and mice can spontaneously express troponin T (cTnT) in vitro. METHODS The BMSCs of rats and mice were cultured in vitro. The expression of cTnT in the BMSCs of rats and mice was detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. The detection of cTnT and α-sarcomeric actin coexpression on the surface of BMSCs was determined using immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR. RESULTS In rats and mice, cTnT expression was detected in a portion of BMSCs. The positive rates of cTnT in rats and mice were approximately 10-52 % and 27-60 %, respectively. According to the results of the Western blot analysis, the gray values of cTnT in rats and mice were 0.64 ± 0.02 and 1.08 ± 0.03, respectively. Additionally, the surface of BMSCs can express cTnT and α-sarcomeric actin, which is a marker for striated muscle. CONCLUSION The BMSCs of rats and mice can spontaneously express cTnT and automatically differentiate striated muscles in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yan
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Key Laboratory of Henan Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, Henan, China; The Henan Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia Medicine, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Yujie
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Henan Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia Medicine, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Niu Siquan
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Liang
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Di
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Shaohua
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guo Zhikun
- The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, 450000 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Key Laboratory of Henan Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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Tai C, Xie Z, Li Y, Feng Y, Xie Y, Yang H, Wang L, Wang B. Human skin dermis-derived fibroblasts are a kind of functional mesenchymal stromal cells: judgements from surface markers, biological characteristics, to therapeutic efficacy. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:105. [PMID: 35831878 PMCID: PMC9277801 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been widely advocated to clinical use. Human skin dermis-derived fibroblasts shared similar cellular morphology and biological characteristics to MSCs, while it still keeps elusive whether fibroblasts are functionally equivalent to MSCs for therapeutic use.
Methods
We isolated various fibroblasts derived from human foreskins (HFFs) and human double-fold eyelids (HDF) and MSCs derived from human umbilical cords (UC-MSCs), and then comprehensively investigated their similarities and differences in morphology, surface markers, immunoregulation, multilineage differentiation, transcriptome sequencing, and metabolomics, and therapeutic efficacies in treating 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis and carbontetrachloride (CCL4) induced liver fibrosis.
Results
Fibroblasts and UC-MSCs shared similar surface markers, strong multilineage differentiation capacity, ability of inhibiting Th1/Th17 differentiation and promoting Treg differentiation in vitro, great similarities in mRNA expression profile and metabolites, and nearly equivalent therapeutic efficacy on TNBS-induced colitis and CCL4-induced hepatic fibrosis.
Conclusion
Human skin dermis-derived fibroblasts were a kind of functional MSCs with functionally equivalent therapeutic efficacy in treating specific complications, indicating fibroblasts potentially had the same lineage hierarchy of origin as MSCs and had a remarkable potential as an alternative to MSCs in the treatment of a variety of diseases.
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Parisi L, Rihs S, La Scala GC, Schnyder I, Katsaros C, Degen M. Discovery and characterization of heterogeneous and multipotent fibroblast populations isolated from excised cleft lip tissue. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:469. [PMID: 36076255 PMCID: PMC9461253 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regularly discarded lip tissue obtained from corrective surgeries to close the cleft lip represents an easily accessible and rich source for the isolation of primary fibroblasts. Primary fibroblasts have been described to show compelling similarities to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Hence, cleft lip and palate (CLP) lip-derived fibroblasts could be thought as an intriguing cell source for personalized regenerative therapies in CLP-affected patients. Methods Initially, we thoroughly characterized the fibroblastic nature of the lip-derived mesenchymal outgrowths by molecular and functional assays. Next, we compared their phenotype and genotype to that of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and of human lung-derived fibroblasts WI38, by assessing their morphology, surface marker expression, trilineage differentiation potential, colony-forming (CFU) capacity, and immunomodulation property. Finally, to better decipher the heterogeneity of our CLP cultures, we performed a single cell clonal analysis and tested expanded clones for surface marker expression, as well as osteogenic and CFU potential. Results We identified intriguingly similar phenotypic and genotypic properties between CLP lip fibroblasts and BM-MSCs, which makes them distinct from WI38. Furthermore, our own data in combination with the complex anatomy of the lip tissue indicated heterogeneity in our CLP cultures. Using a clonal analysis, we discovered single cell-derived clones with increased levels of the MSC markers CD106 and CD146 and clones with variabilities in their commitment to differentiate into bone-forming cells and in their potential to form single cell-derived colonies. However, we were not able to gain clones possessing superior MSC-like capacities when compared to the heterogeneous parental CLP population. Additionally, all clones could still generate contractile forces and retained robust levels of the fibroblast specific marker FSP1, which was not detectable in BM-MSCs. Conclusions Our results suggest that we isolate heterogeneous populations of fibroblasts from discarded CLP lip tissue, which show a prominently multipotent character in their entirety avoiding the need for elaborate subpopulation selections in vitro. These findings suggest that CLP lip fibroblasts might be a novel potential cell source for personalized regenerative medicine of clinical benefit for CLP patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03154-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Parisi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Rihs
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio C La Scala
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Schnyder
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Application of Bio-Active Elastin-like Polypeptide on Regulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051151. [PMID: 35625887 PMCID: PMC9138580 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine using stem cells offers promising strategies for treating a variety of degenerative diseases. Regulation of stem cell behavior and rejuvenate senescence are required for stem cells to be clinically effective. The extracellular matrix (ECM) components have a significant impact on the stem cell’s function and fate mimicking the local environment to maintain cells or generate a distinct phenotype. Here, human elastin-like polypeptide-based ECM-mimic biopolymer was designed by incorporating various cell-adhesion ligands, such as RGD and YIGSR. The significant effects of bioactive fusion ELPs named R-ELP, Y-ELP, and RY-ELP were analyzed for human bone-marrow-derived stem cell adhesion, proliferation, maintenance of stemness properties, and differentiation. Multivalent presentation of variable cell-adhesive ligands on RY-ELP polymers indeed promote efficient cell attachment and proliferation of human fibroblast cells dose-dependently. Similarly, surface modified with RY-ELP promoted strong mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) attachment with greater focal adhesion (FA) complex formation at 6 h post-incubation. The rate of cell proliferation, migration, population doubling time, and collagen I deposition were significantly enhanced in the presence of RY-ELP compared with other fusion ELPs. Together, the expression of multipotent markers and differentiation capacity of MSCs remained unaffected, clearly demonstrating that stemness properties of MSCs were well preserved when cultured on a RY-ELP-modified surface. Hence, bioactive RY-ELP offers an anchorage support system and effectively induces stimulatory response to support stem cell proliferation.
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Brewer G, Fortier AM, Park M, Moraes C. The case for cancer-associated fibroblasts: essential elements in cancer drug discovery? FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 4:FDD71. [PMID: 35600290 PMCID: PMC9112234 DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2021-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained increased attention for supporting cancer progression, current CAF-targeted therapeutic options are limited and failing in clinical trials. As the largest component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), CAFs alter the biochemical and physical structure of the TME, modulating cancer progression. Here, we review the role of CAFs in altering drug response, modifying the TME mechanics and the current models for studying CAFs. To provide new perspectives, we highlight key considerations of CAF activity and discuss emerging technologies that can better address CAFs; and therefore, increase the likelihood of therapeutic efficacy. We argue that CAFs are crucial components of the cancer drug discovery pipeline and incorporating these cells will improve drug discovery success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Brewer
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Fortier
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, 5100 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, 3775 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
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11
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Kawagishi-Hotta M, Hasegawa S, Inoue Y, Hasebe Y, Arima M, Iwata Y, Sugiura K, Akamatsu H. Gremlin 2 suppresses differentiation of stem/progenitor cells in the human skin. Regen Ther 2021; 18:191-201. [PMID: 34307797 PMCID: PMC8280529 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The skin is comprised of various kinds of cells and has three layers, the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Stem cells in each tissue duplicate themselves and differentiate to supply new cells that function in the tissue, and thereby maintain the tissue homeostasis. In contrast, senescent cells accumulate with age and secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors that impair surrounding cells and tissues, which lowers the capacity to maintain homeostasis in each tissue. Previously, we found Gremlin 2 (GREM2) as a novel SASP factor in the skin and reported that GREM2 suppressed the differentiation of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells. In the present study, we investigated the effects of GREM2 on stem cells in the epidermis and dermis. METHODS To examine whether GREM2 expression and the differentiation levels in the epidermis and dermis are correlated, the expressions of GREM2, stem cell markers, an epidermal differentiation marker Keratin 10 (KRT10) and a dermal differentiation marker type 3 procollagen were examined in the skin samples (n = 14) randomly chosen from the elderly where GREM2 expression level is high and the individual differences of its expression are prominent. Next, to test whether GREM2 affects the differentiation of skin stem cells, cells from two established lines (an epidermal and a dermal stem/progenitor cell model) were cultured and induced to differentiate, and recombinant GREM2 protein was added. RESULTS In the human skin, the expression levels of GREM2 varied among individuals both in the epidermis and dermis. The expression level of GREM2 was not correlated with the number of stem cells, but negatively correlated with those of both an epidermal and a dermal differentiation markers. The expression levels of epidermal differentiation markers were significantly suppressed by the addition of GREM2 in the three-dimensional (3D) epidermis generated with an epidermal stem/progenitor cell model. In addition, by differentiation induction, the expressions of dermal differentiation markers were induced in cells from a dermal stem/progenitor cell model, and the addition of GREM2 significantly suppressed the expressions of the dermal differentiation markers. CONCLUSIONS GREM2 expression level did not affect the numbers of stem cells in the epidermis and dermis but affects the differentiation and maturation levels of the tissues, and GREM2 suppressed the differentiation of stem/progenitor cells in vitro. These findings suggest that GREM2 may contribute to the age-related reduction in the capacity to maintain skin homeostasis by suppressing the differentiation of epidermal and dermal stem/progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kawagishi-Hotta
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., LTD., Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., LTD., Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yu Inoue
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., LTD., Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hasebe
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., LTD., Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masaru Arima
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yohei Iwata
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Akamatsu
- Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
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12
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Zanata F, Curley L, Martin E, Bowles A, Bunnell BA, Wu X, Ferreira LM, Gimble JM. Comparative Analysis of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells and Dermal Fibroblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1171-1178. [PMID: 34486404 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts (DFs) share several qualities with mesenchymal stem cell/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) derived from various tissues, including adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). ASCs and DFs are morphologically comparable and both cell types can be culture expanded through the utilization of their plastic-adherence properties. Despite these similar characteristics, numerous studies indicate that ASC and DF display distinct therapeutic benefits in clinical applications. To more accurately distinguish between these cell types, human DFs and ASCs isolated from three individual donors were analyzed for multipotency and cell surface marker expressions. The detection of cell surface markers, CD29, CD34, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, were used for phenotypic characterization of the DFs and ASCs. Furthermore, both cell types underwent lineage differentiation based on histochemical staining and the expression of adipogenic related genes, CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein alpha (CEBPα), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), UCP1, Leptin (LEP), and Adiponectin (ADIPOQ); and osteogenic related genes, Runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Osteocalcin (OCN), and Osteopontin (OPN). Evidence provided by this study demonstrates similarities between donor-matched ASC and DF with respect to morphology, surface marker expression, differentiation potential, and gene expression, although appearance of enhanced adipogenesis in the ASC based solely on spectrophotometric analyses with no significant difference in real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of adipogenic biomarkers. Thus, there is substantial overlap between the ASC and DF phenotypes based on biochemical and differentiation metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zanata
- Plastic Surgery Division, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabeth Martin
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Annie Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, The University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Xiying Wu
- La Cell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lydia Masako Ferreira
- Plastic Surgery Division, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- La Cell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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13
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Inoue Y, Hasegawa S, Hasebe Y, Kawagishi-Hotta M, Okuno R, Yamada T, Adachi H, Miyachi K, Ishii Y, Sugiura K, Akamatsu H. Establishment of Three Types of Immortalized Human Skin Stem Cell Lines Derived from the Single Donor. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1403-1412. [PMID: 34602549 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Currently, human-skin derived cell culture is a basic technique essential for dermatological research, cellular engineering research, drug development, and cosmetic development. But the number of donors is limited, and primary cell function reduces through cell passage. In particular, since adult stem cells are present in a small amount in living tissues, it has been difficult to obtain a large amount of stem cells and to stably culture them. In this study, skin derived cells were isolated from the epidermis, dermis, and adipose tissue collected from single donor, and immortalization was induced through gene transfer. Subsequently, cell lines that could be used as stem cell models were selected using the differentiation potential and the expression of stem cell markers as indices, and it was confirmed that these could be stably cultured. The immortalized cell lines established in this study have the potential to be applied not only to basic dermatological research but also to a wide range of fields such as drug screening and cell engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Inoue
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Yuichi Hasebe
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Mika Kawagishi-Hotta
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Ryosuke Okuno
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takaaki Yamada
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.,Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yoshie Ishii
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd.,Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Kazumitsu Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Hirohiko Akamatsu
- Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
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14
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Schemann-Miguel F, Aloise AC, Gaiba S, Ferreira LM. Effect of Static Compressive Force on Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity in Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The application of static compressive forces to periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) in vivo or in vitro has been linked to the expression of biochemical agents and local tissue modifications that could be involved in maintaining homeostasis during orthodontic movement. An approach used for identifying mesenchymal cells, or a subpopulation of progenitor cells in both tumoral and normal tissues, involves determining the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). However, the role of subpopulations of PDLF-derived undifferentiated cells in maintaining homeostasis during tooth movement remains unclear.
Objective:
This study aimed at analyzing the effect of applying a static compressive force to PDLFs on the activity of ALDH in these cells.
Methods:
PDLFs were distributed into two groups: control group (CG), where fibroblasts were not submitted to compression, and experimental group (EG), where fibroblasts were submitted to a static compressive force of 4 g/mm2 for 6 hours. The compressive force was applied directly to the cells using a custom-built device. ALDH activity in the PDLFs was evaluated by a flow cytometry assay.
Results:
ALDH activity was observed in both groups, but was significantly lower in EG than in CG after the application of a static compressive force in the former.
Conclusion:
Application of a static compressive force to PDLFs decreased ALDH activity.
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15
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Gunaydin G. CAFs Interacting With TAMs in Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Tumorigenesis and Immune Evasion. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668349. [PMID: 34336660 PMCID: PMC8317617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most important and abundant players of the tumor microenvironment. CAFs as well as TAMs are known to play pivotal supportive roles in tumor growth and progression. The number of CAF or TAM cells is mostly correlated with poor prognosis. Both CAFs and TAMs are in a reciprocal communication with the tumor cells in the tumor milieu. In addition to such interactions, CAFs and TAMs are also involved in a dynamic and reciprocal interrelationship with each other. Both CAFs and TAMs are capable of altering each other's functions. Here, the current understanding of the distinct mechanisms about the complex interplay between CAFs and TAMs are summarized. In addition, the consequences of such a mutual relationship especially for tumor progression and tumor immune evasion are highlighted, focusing on the synergistic pleiotropic effects. CAFs and TAMs are crucial components of the tumor microenvironment; thus, they may prove to be potential therapeutic targets. A better understanding of the tri-directional interactions of CAFs, TAMs and cancer cells in terms of tumor progression will pave the way for the identification of novel theranostic cues in order to better target the crucial mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Kocherova I, Bryja A, Błochowiak K, Kaczmarek M, Stefańska K, Matys J, Grzech-Leśniak K, Dominiak M, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M. Photobiomodulation with Red and Near-Infrared Light Improves Viability and Modulates Expression of Mesenchymal and Apoptotic-Related Markers in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123427. [PMID: 34205573 PMCID: PMC8233986 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), also called low-level laser treatment (LLLT), has been considered a promising tool in periodontal treatment due to its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. However, photobiomodulation's effectiveness depends on a combination of parameters, such as energy density, the duration and frequency of the irradiation sessions, and wavelength, which has been shown to play a key role in laser-tissue interaction. The objective of the study was to compare the in vitro effects of two different wavelengths-635 nm and 808 nm-on the human primary gingival fibroblasts in terms of viability, oxidative stress, inflammation markers, and specific gene expression during the four treatment sessions at power and energy density widely used in dental practice (100 mW, 4 J/cm2). PBM with both 635 and 808 nm at 4 J/cm2 increased the cell number, modulated extracellular oxidative stress and inflammation markers and decreased the susceptibility of human primary gingival fibroblasts to apoptosis through the downregulation of apoptotic-related genes (P53, CASP9, BAX). Moreover, modulation of mesenchymal markers expression (CD90, CD105) can reflect the possible changes in the differentiation status of irradiated fibroblasts. The most pronounced results were observed following the third irradiation session. They should be considered for the possible optimization of existing low-level laser irradiation protocols used in periodontal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgeniia Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (I.K.); (A.B.); (B.K.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Artur Bryja
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (I.K.); (A.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Błochowiak
- Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-812 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866 Poznań, Poland;
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jacek Matys
- Laser Laboratory at Dental Surgery Department, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (K.G.-L.); (M.D.)
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory at Dental Surgery Department, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (K.G.-L.); (M.D.)
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Laser Laboratory at Dental Surgery Department, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (K.G.-L.); (M.D.)
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (I.K.); (A.B.); (B.K.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marta Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (I.K.); (A.B.); (B.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-8547067
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17
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Burgess KA, Herrick AL, Watson REB. Systemic sclerosis skin is a primed microenvironment for soft tissue calcification-a hypothesis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:2517-2527. [PMID: 33585894 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcinosis cutis, defined as sub-epidermal deposition of calcium salts, is a major clinical problem in patients with SSc, affecting 20-40% of patients. A number of recognized factors associated with calcinosis have been identified, including disease duration, digital ischaemia and acro-osteolysis. Yet, to date, the pathogenesis of SSc-related calcinosis remains unknown, and currently there is no effective disease-modifying pharmacotherapy. Following onset of SSc, there are marked changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the skin, notably a breakdown in the microfibrillar network and accumulation of type I collagen. Our hypothesis is that these pathological changes reflect a changing cellular phenotype and result in a primed microenvironment for soft tissue calcification, with SSc fibroblasts adopting a pro-osteogenic profile, and specific driving forces promoting tissue mineralization. Considering the role of the ECM in disease progression may help elucidate the mechanism(s) behind SSc-related calcinosis and inform the development of future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Burgess
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ariane L Herrick
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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18
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Kim SW, Im GB, Jeong GJ, Baik S, Hyun J, Kim YJ, Pang C, Jang YC, Bhang SH. Delivery of a spheroids-incorporated human dermal fibroblast sheet increases angiogenesis and M2 polarization for wound healing. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120954. [PMID: 34130141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Low cell engraftment is a major problem in tissue engineering. Although various methods related with cell sheets have been attempted to resolve the issue, low cell viability due to oxygen and nutrient depletion remains an obstacle toward advanced therapeutic applications. Cell therapy using fibroblasts is thought of as a good alternative due to the short doubling times of fibroblasts together with their immunomodulatory properties. Furthermore, three-dimensional (3D) fibroblasts exhibit unique angiogenic and inflammation-manipulating properties that are not present in two-dimensional (2D) forms. However, the therapeutic effect of 3D fibroblasts in tissue regeneration has not been fully elucidated. Macrophage polarization has been widely studied, as it stimulates the transition from the inflammation to the proliferation phase of wound healing. Although numerous strategies have been developed to achieve better polarization of macrophages, the low efficacy of these strategies and safety issues remain problematic. To this end, we introduced a biocompatible flat patch with specifically designed holes that form a spheroids-incorporated human dermal fibroblast sheet (SIS) to mediate the activity of inflammatory cytokines for M2 polarization and increase angiogenic efficacy. We further confirmed in vivo enhancement of wound healing with an SIS-laden skin patch (SISS) compared to conventional cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Won Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Bum Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Jae Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Sangyul Baik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyu Hyun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Charles Jang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Parmaksiz M, Elçin AE, Elçin YM. Decellularized Cell Culture ECMs Act as Cell Differentiation Inducers. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:569-584. [PMID: 32170583 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-09963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized tissues and organs have aroused considerable interest for developing functional bio-scaffolds as natural templates in tissue engineering applications. More recently, the use of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) extracted from the in vitro cell cultures for cellular applications have come into question. It is well known that the microenvironment largely defines cellular properties. Thus, we have anticipated that the ECMs of the cells with different potency levels should likely possess different effects on cell cultures. To test this, we have comparatively evaluated the differentiative effects of ECMs derived from the cultures of human somatic dermal fibroblasts, human multipotent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and human induced pluripotent stem cells on somatic dermal fibroblasts. Although challenges remain, the data suggest that the use of cell culture-based extracellular matrices perhaps may be considered as an alternative approach for the differentiation of even somatic cells into other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Parmaksiz
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Eser Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey. .,Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc, Ankara, Turkey.
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20
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Monika P, Waiker PV, Chandraprabha MN, Rangarajan A, Murthy KNC. Myofibroblast progeny in wound biology and wound healing studies. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:531-547. [PMID: 34009713 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts play a myriad of important roles in human tissue function, especially in wound repair and healing. Among all cells, fibroblasts are group of cells that decide the status of wound as they maintain tissue homeostasis. Currently, the increase in the deleterious effects of chronic wound and their morbidity rate has necessitated the need to understand the influence of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which chiefly originate locally from tissue-resident fibroblasts to address the same. Wound pathophysiology is complex, herein, we have discussed fibroblast and myofibroblast heterogeneity in skin and different organs by understanding the phenotypical and functional properties of each of its sub-populations in the process of wound healing. Recent advancements in fibroblast activation, differentiation to myofibroblasts, proliferation and migration are discussed in detail. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are key players in wound healing and wound remodelling, respectively, and their significance in wound repair is discussed. An increased understanding of their biology during wound healing also gives an opportunity to explore more of fibroblast and myofibroblast focused therapies to treat chronic wounds which are clinical challenges. In this regard, in the current review, we have described the different methods for isolation of primary fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from both animal models and humans, and their characterization. Additionally, we have also provided details on possible molecular targets for better understanding of prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of chronic wounds. Information will help both researchers and clinicians in providing molecular insight that enable them for effective chronic wound management. The knowledge of intimate dialogue between the fibroblast, sub-populations like, myofibroblast and their microenvironment, will serve useful in determining novel, efficient and specific therapeutic targets to treat pathological wound conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Monika
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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21
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Kato H, Maezawa Y, Takayama N, Ouchi Y, Kaneko H, Kinoshita D, Takada-Watanabe A, Oshima M, Koshizaka M, Ogata H, Kubota Y, Mitsukawa N, Eto K, Iwama A, Yokote K. Fibroblasts from different body parts exhibit distinct phenotypes in adult progeria Werner syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4946-4961. [PMID: 33627520 PMCID: PMC7950285 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS), also known as adult progeria, is characterized by accelerated aging symptoms from a young age. Patients with WS experience painful intractable skin ulcers with calcifications in their extremities, subcutaneous lipoatrophy, and sarcopenia. However, there is no significant abnormality in the trunk skin, where the subcutaneous fat relatively accumulates. The cause of such differences between the limbs and trunk is unknown. To investigate the underlying mechanism behind these phenomena, we established and analyzed dermal fibroblasts from the foot and trunk of two WS patients. As a result, WS foot-derived fibroblasts showed decreased proliferative potential compared to that from the trunk, which correlated with the telomere shortening. Transcriptome analysis showed increased expression of genes involved in osteogenesis in the foot fibroblasts, while adipogenic and chondrogenic genes were downregulated in comparison with the trunk. Consistent with these findings, the adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation capacity was significantly decreased in the foot fibroblasts in vitro. On the other hand, the osteogenic potential was mutually maintained and comparable in the foot and trunk fibroblasts. These distinct phenotypes in the foot and trunk fibroblasts are consistent with the clinical symptoms of WS and may partially explain the underlying mechanism of this disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaya Kato
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naoya Takayama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ouchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hiyori Kaneko
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi-Shi, Chiba 289-2511, Japan
| | - Aki Takada-Watanabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaya Koshizaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ogata
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kubota
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mitsukawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for IPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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22
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Dubon M, Lee S, Park JH, Lee JY, Kang D. The Role of Melanotransferrin (CD228) in the regulation of the differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hBM-MSC). Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1580-1591. [PMID: 33746574 PMCID: PMC7976559 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanotransferrin (CD228), firstly reported as a melanoma-associated antigen, is a membrane-bound glycoprotein of an iron-binding transferrin homolog. CD228 was found to be expressed significantly higher in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSC) than in human embryonic fibroblasts (FB) by RT-PCR, western blotting and flow cytometry. The expression of CD228 declined in aged hBM-MSC as osteogenesis-related genes did. We examined a possible role for CD228 in the regulation of osteogenesis and adipogenesis of hBM-MSC. Surprisingly, siRNA-mediated CD228 knockdown increased the expression of the transcription factor DLX5 and enhanced osteogenesis of hBM-MSC evidenced by an increased expression of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (Osx), and osteocalcin (OC), as well as higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and extracellular calcium deposition. Interestingly, hBM-MSC transfected with CD228 siRNA also showed an increase in intracellular lipid level during adipogenesis, indicated by oil red O staining of differentiated adipocytes. Overall, our study unveils CD228 as a cell surface molecule expressed by young hBM-MSC, but not by FB. It also provides evidence to suggest a role for CD228 as a negative regulator of osteogenesis and of lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in hBM-MSC in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dubon
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooho Lee
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Park
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchul Kang
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
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23
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Comparison of similar cells: Mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151634. [PMID: 33059115 PMCID: PMC7550172 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Almost from all organs, both mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts can be isolated. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the most preferred cellular therapeutic agents with the regenerative potential, and fibroblasts are one of the most abundant cell types with the ability to maintain homeostasis. Because of the promising properties of MSCs, they have been well studied and their differentiation potentials, immunomodulatory potentials, gene expression profiles are identified. It has been observed that fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells have similar morphology, gene expression patterns, surface markers, proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulatory capacities. Thus, it is hard to distinguish these two cell types. Epigenetic signatures, i.e., methylation patterns of cells, are the only usable promising difference between them. Such significant similarities show that these two cells may be related to each other.
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24
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Thomas AL, Taylor JS, Dunn JCY. Human skin-derived precursor cells xenografted in aganglionic bowel. J Pediatr Surg 2020; 55:2791-2796. [PMID: 32253016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE One in 5000 newborns is diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease each year in the United States. The potential of employing neural crest stem cells to restore the enteric nervous system has been investigated. Skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate into neurons and gliocytes in vitro and generate enteric ganglion-like structures in rodents. Here we examined the behavior of human SKPs (hSKPs) after their transplantation into a large animal model of colonic aganglionosis. METHODS Juvenile minipigs underwent a chemical denervation of the colon to establish an aganglionosis model. The hSKPs were generated from human foreskin and were cultured in neuroglial-selective medium. Cells were labeled with a fluorescent dye and were injected into the porcine aganglionic colon. After one week, transplanted hSKPs were assessed by immunofluorescence for markers of multipotency and neuroglial differentiation. RESULTS In culture, hSKPs expressed nestin and S100b indicative of neuroglial precursors. After xenografting in pigs, hSKPs were identified in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the colons. The hSKPs expressed nestin and early neuroglial differentiation markers. CONCLUSIONS Human SKPs transplanted into aganglionic colon demonstrated immunophenotypes of neuroglial progenitors, suggesting their potential use for Hirschsprung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Thomas
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Division of Pediatric Surgery, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway M116, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jordan S Taylor
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Division of Pediatric Surgery, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway M116, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - James C Y Dunn
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Division of Pediatric Surgery, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway M116, Stanford, CA 94305.
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25
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Yang X, Zhan P, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Fan H, Li R, Zhang M. Polydopamine-assisted PDGF-BB immobilization on PLGA fibrous substrate enhances wound healing via regulating anti-inflammatory and cytokine secretion. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239366. [PMID: 32991599 PMCID: PMC7523965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor-bb (PDGF-BB) is a potent chemokine and mitogen for fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and vascular endothelium in the injured area, believed to be effective in wound healing. However, the short half-life of PDGF-BB and its rapid release from the wound surface limited its efficacy in vivo and vitro. To evaluate the wound healing effects of dorsal skin in SD rats with polydopamine-assisted immobilized PDGF-BB on PLGA nanofibrous substrate. First, the effects of pDA-coating and PDGF-BB immobilization on the morphology, compositions, and hydrophilicity of substrates were evaluated in details. Second, the wound healing effect of pDA/PLGA/PDGF-BB substrate was assessed in the dorsal skin of SD rats. Last, the cytokine analysis by ELISA method was employed to evaluate the advantages of pDA/PLGA/PDGF-BB substrate on anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, and cellular proliferation. This method significantly improved the immobilization amount and stability of PDGF-BB on the substrate (p<0.01), further improved the hydrophilicity of substrates (p<0.05). Furthermore, the wound closure process was much more accelerated in the pDA/PLGA/PDGF-BB group (p<0.05). H&E and CD31 staining informed that the wound treated by pDA/PLGA/PDGF-BB substrate showed a high degree of regeneration and angiogenesis. The cytokine analysis showed that pDA significantly reduced the high level of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α (p<0.05). And the immobilized PDGF-BB significantly elevated the level of TGF-β and VEGF (p<0.05). The pDA/PLGA/PDGF-BB substrate showed great therapeutic effect on wound healing compared with other control groups via regulating anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, and cellular proliferation. Absolutely, this report offered an available novel method for skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xiuyan Wang
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Haitao Fan
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Ranwei Li
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, PR China
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26
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Lu M, Guo J, Wu B, Zhou Y, Wu M, Farzaneh M, Khoshnam SE. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Mitochondrial Transfer: a Therapeutic Approach for Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:212-229. [PMID: 32975692 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death and adult disability worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of stroke-induced neuronal death, and maintaining mitochondrial function is essential in cell survival and neurological progress following ischemic stroke. Stem cell-mediated mitochondrial transfer represents an emerging therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can directly transfer healthy mitochondria to damaged cells, and rescue mitochondrial damage-provoked tissue degeneration. This review summarizes the research on MSCs-mediated mitochondrial transfer as a therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Jindong Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yuhui Zhou
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Mishan Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China. .,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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27
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Zhu W, Cao L, Song C, Pang Z, Jiang H, Guo C. Cell-derived decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds for articular cartilage repair. Int J Artif Organs 2020; 44:269-281. [PMID: 32945220 DOI: 10.1177/0391398820953866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage repair remains a great clinical challenge. Tissue engineering approaches based on decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) scaffolds show promise for facilitating articular cartilage repair. Traditional regenerative approaches currently used in clinical practice, such as microfracture, mosaicplasty, and autologous chondrocyte implantation, can improve cartilage repair and show therapeutic effect to some degree; however, the long-term curative effect is suboptimal. As dECM prepared by proper decellularization procedures is a biodegradable material, which provides space for regeneration tissue growth, possesses low immunogenicity, and retains most of its bioactive molecules that maintain tissue homeostasis and facilitate tissue repair, dECM scaffolds may provide a biomimetic microenvironment promoting cell attachment, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation. Currently, cell-derived dECM scaffolds have become a research hotspot in the field of cartilage tissue engineering, as ECM derived from cells cultured in vitro has many advantages compared with native cartilage ECM. This review describes cell types used to secrete ECM, methods of inducing cells to secrete cartilage-like ECM and decellularization methods to prepare cell-derived dECM. The potential mechanism of dECM scaffolds on cartilage repair, methods for improving the mechanical strength of cell-derived dECM scaffolds, and future perspectives on cell-derived dECM scaffolds are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfeng Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiying Pang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haochen Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis Identifies EphA2 as a Specific Cell Surface Marker for Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176437. [PMID: 32899389 PMCID: PMC7503404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are a valuable tool in stem cell research due to their high proliferation rate, multi-lineage differentiation potential, and immunotolerance properties. However, fibroblast impurity during WJ-MSCs isolation is unavoidable because of morphological similarities and shared surface markers. Here, a proteomic approach was employed to identify specific proteins differentially expressed by WJ-MSCs in comparison to those by neonatal foreskin and adult skin fibroblasts (NFFs and ASFs, respectively). Mass spectrometry analysis identified 454 proteins with a transmembrane domain. These proteins were then compared across the different cell-lines and categorized based on their cellular localizations, biological processes, and molecular functions. The expression patterns of a selected set of proteins were further confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays. As anticipated, most of the studied proteins had common expression patterns. However, EphA2, SLC25A4, and SOD2 were predominantly expressed by WJ-MSCs, while CDH2 and Talin2 were specific to NFFs and ASFs, respectively. Here, EphA2 was established as a potential surface-specific marker to distinguish WJ-MSCs from fibroblasts and for prospective use to prepare pure primary cultures of WJ-MSCs. Additionally, CDH2 could be used for a negative-selection isolation/depletion method to remove neonatal fibroblasts contaminating preparations of WJ-MSCs.
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29
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Fan XL, Zhang Y, Li X, Fu QL. Mechanisms underlying the protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2771-2794. [PMID: 31965214 PMCID: PMC7223321 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively investigated for the treatment of various diseases. The therapeutic potential of MSCs is attributed to complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of action including differentiation into multiple cell lineages and regulation of immune responses via immunomodulation. The plasticity of MSCs in immunomodulation allow these cells to exert different immune effects depending on different diseases. Understanding the biology of MSCs and their role in treatment is critical to determine their potential for various therapeutic applications and for the development of MSC-based regenerative medicine. This review summarizes the recent progress of particular mechanisms underlying the tissue regenerative properties and immunomodulatory effects of MSCs. We focused on discussing the functional roles of paracrine activities, direct cell-cell contact, mitochondrial transfer, and extracellular vesicles related to MSC-mediated effects on immune cell responses, cell survival, and regeneration. This will provide an overview of the current research on the rapid development of MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Liang Fan
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Fernandes TL, Kimura HA, Pinheiro CCG, Shimomura K, Nakamura N, Ferreira JR, Gomoll AH, Hernandez AJ, Bueno DF. Human Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells Good Manufacturing Practices for Articular Cartilage Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 24:709-716. [PMID: 30412046 PMCID: PMC6306653 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cartilage restoration is a desperately needed bridge for patients with symptomatic cartilage lesions. Chondral lesion is a pathology with high prevalence, reaching as much as 63% of general population and 36% among athletes. Despite autologous chondrocyte implantation versatility, it still fails to fully reproduce hyaline articular cartilage characteristics. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be isolated from various known tissues, including discarded fragments at arthroscopy such as synovial membrane. Choice of harvesting site is motivated by MSCs' abilities to modulate immunologic and inflammatory response through paracrine communication. Synovial MSCs have a greater proliferation and strong chondrogenic potential than bone and adipose MSCs and a less hypertrophic differentiation than bone MSCs. Good manufacturing practice (GMP) laboratory techniques for human clinical trials are still novel. To our knowledge, there are only two clinical trials in humans published since today. Purpose: Therefore, this work aimed to isolate and characterize synovial MSCs and evaluated their differentiation properties according to GMP standards. Materials and Methods: One-gram tissue sample from three patients of synovia was harvested at the beginning of arthroscopy surgery. MSCs were isolated, expanded, and characterized by flow cytometry. Results: It was possible to isolate and expand MSCs cultures from synovia, characterize MSCs by flow cytometry using proper monoclonal antibodies, and differentiate MSCs by coloring technique after chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiations. Cartilage treatment may benefit from these tissue engineering protocols since arthroscopic procedures are routinely performed for different purposes in a previous stage and a favorable chondronegic differentiation cell lineage may be collected and stored in a less invasive way. Conclusion: Laboratory protocols established according to presented GMP were able to isolate and characterize MSCs obtained from synovia. Impact Statement Articular cartilage restoration is a desperately needed bridge for patients with symptomatic cartilage lesions and it rises as a socioeconomic issue with a considerable economic burden. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a greater proliferation rate and strong chondrogenic potential than bone and adipose MSCs and a less hypertrophic differentiation than bone MSCs. To our knowledge, there are only two human clinical trials with good manufacturing practice laboratory techniques for synovial MSCs harvesting and differentiation. Cartilage treatment may benefit from these tissue engineering protocols since arthroscopic procedures are routinely performed for different purposes in a previous stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Lazzaretti Fernandes
- Sports Medicine Group, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Akio Kimura
- Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Kazunori Shimomura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norimasa Nakamura
- Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - José Ricardo Ferreira
- Department of Materials Science, Post Grad Programme on Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreas H Gomoll
- Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), New York, New York
| | - Arnaldo Jose Hernandez
- Sports Medicine Group, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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Soliman H, Rossi FMV. Cardiac fibroblast diversity in health and disease. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:75-91. [PMID: 32446910 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac stroma plays essential roles in health and following cardiac damage. The major player of the stroma with respect to extracellular matrix deposition, maintenance and remodeling is the poorly defined fibroblast. It has long been recognized that there is considerable variability to the fibroblast phenotype. With the advent of new, high throughput analytical methods our understanding and appreciation of this heterogeneity has grown dramatically. This review aims to explore the diversity of cardiac fibroblasts and highlights new insights into the diverse nature of these cells and their progenitors as revealed by single cell sequencing and fate mapping studies. We propose that at least in part the observed heterogeneity is related to the existence of a differentiation cascade within stromal cells. Beyond in-organ heterogeneity, we also discuss how the stromal response to damage differs between non-regenerating organs such as the heart and regenerating organs such as skeletal muscle. In exploring possible causes for these differences, we outline that although fibrogenic cells from different organs overlap in many properties, they still possess organ-specific transcriptional signatures and differentiation biases that make them functionally distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Soliman
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada.
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Zhang Y, Lv P, Li Y, Zhang Y, Cheng C, Hao H, Yue H. Comparison of the biological characteristics of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human heterosexual twins. Differentiation 2020; 114:1-12. [PMID: 32460139 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are attracting more and more attention due to their tissue regenerative properties and immunomodulatory functions. MSCs may be the most acceptable, safe, and effective source for allogeneic cell therapy, and have been used in medical treatment. However, the similarities and differences between umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) of heterosexual twins remain poorly understood. In this study, we compared the biological characteristics of UC-MSCs of heterosexual twins in vitro. We found that male fetal UC-MSCs and female fetal UC-MSCs share a similar phenotype and multi-lineage differentiation potential, and male fetal UC-MSCs show a significantly higher proliferation and adipogenic ability than female fetal UC-MSCs. UC-MSCs from heterosexual twins showed significant differences in the expression levels of NANOG, OCT4, TERT, and SOX2. In addition, male MSCs are more potent in the expression of inflammatory cytokines to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. In future clinical applications using MSCs for inflammation-related diseases, these biological characteristics differences with different genders will guide our clinical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, China
| | - Pengju Lv
- Translational Medicine Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, China
| | - Yalong Li
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Chaofei Cheng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Hongbo Hao
- Neuroscience Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, 10031, USA
| | - Han Yue
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China.
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Li J, Narayanan K, Zhang Y, Hill RC, He F, Hansen KC, Pei M. Role of lineage-specific matrix in stem cell chondrogenesis. Biomaterials 2019; 231:119681. [PMID: 31864016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage repair in clinics is a challenge owing to the limited regenerative capacities of cartilage. Synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) are suggested as tissue-specific stem cells for chondrogenesis. In this study, we hypothesize that decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) deposited by SDSCs could provide a superior tissue-specific matrix microenvironment for optimal rejuvenation of adult SDSCs for cartilage regeneration. dECMs were deposited by adult stem cells with varying chondrogenic capacities; SDSCs (strong) (SECM), adipose-derived stem cells (weak) (AECM) and dermal fibroblasts (weak) (DECM), and urine-derived stem cells (none) (UECM). Plastic flasks (Plastic) were used as a control substrate. Human SDSCs were expanded on the above substrates for one passage and examined for chondrogenic capacities. We found that each dECM consisted of unique matrix proteins and exhibited varied stiffnesses, which affected cell morphology and elasticity. Human SDSCs grown on dECMs displayed a significant increase in cell proliferation and unique surface phenotypes. Under induction media, dECM expanded cells yielded pellets with a dramatically increased number of chondrogenic markers. Interestingly, SECM expanded cells had less potential for hypertrophy compared to those grown on other dECMs, indicating that a tissue-specific matrix might provide a superior microenvironment for stem cell chondrogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Li
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Department of Dermatology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Narayanan
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Ryan C Hill
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Fan He
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Moriyama M, Sahara S, Zaiki K, Ueno A, Nakaoji K, Hamada K, Ozawa T, Tsuruta D, Hayakawa T, Moriyama H. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells improve epidermal homeostasis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18371. [PMID: 31797970 PMCID: PMC6892794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is regulated by complex interactions between the keratinocytes and other cell types including fibroblasts. Recently, adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) have been reported to influence wound healing positively via paracrine involvement. However, their roles in keratinocytes are still obscure. Therefore, investigation of the precise effects of ASCs on keratinocytes in an in vitro culture system is required. Our recent data indicate that the epidermal equivalents became thicker on a collagen vitrigel membrane co-cultured with human ASCs (hASCs). Co-culturing the human primary epidermal keratinocytes (HPEK) with hASCs on a collagen vitrigel membrane enhanced their abilities for cell proliferation and adhesion to the membrane but suppressed their differentiation suggesting that hASCs could maintain the undifferentiated status of HPEK. Contrarily, the effects of co-culture using polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate membranes for HPEK were completely opposite. These differences may depend on the protein permeability and/or structure of the membrane. Taken together, our data demonstrate that hASCs could be used as a substitute for fibroblasts in skin wound repair, aesthetic medicine, or tissue engineering. It is also important to note that a co-culture system using the collagen vitrigel membrane allows better understanding of the interactions between the keratinocytes and ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shunya Sahara
- Research and Development Division, PIAS Corporation, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2241, Japan
| | - Kaori Zaiki
- Research and Development Division, PIAS Corporation, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2241, Japan
| | - Ayumi Ueno
- Research and Development Division, PIAS Corporation, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2241, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakaoji
- Research and Development Division, PIAS Corporation, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2241, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hamada
- Research and Development Division, PIAS Corporation, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2241, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno-Ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno-Ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takao Hayakawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
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35
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Ostrakhovitch EA, Akakura S, Sanokawa-Akakura R, Tabibzadeh S. 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase disruption in dermal fibroblasts facilitates adipogenic trans-differentiation. Exp Cell Res 2019; 385:111683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zerdoum AB, Fowler EW, Jia X. Induction of Fibrogenic Phenotype in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Connective Tissue Growth Factor in a Hydrogel Model of Soft Connective Tissue. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4531-4541. [PMID: 33178886 PMCID: PMC7654958 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Scar formation is the typical endpoint of wound healing in adult mammalian tissues. An overactive or prolonged fibrogenic response following injury leads to excessive deposition of fibrotic proteins that promote tissue contraction and scar formation. Although well-defined in the dermal tissue, the progression of fibrosis is less explored in other connective tissues, such as the vocal fold. To establish a physiologically relevant 3D model of loose connective tissue fibrosis, we have developed a synthetic extracellular matrix using hyaluronic acid (HA) and peptidic building blocks carrying complementary functional groups. The resultant network was cell adhesive and protease degradable, exhibiting viscoelastic properties similar to the human vocal fold. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were encapsulated in the HA matrix as single cells or multicellular aggregates and cultured in pro-fibrotic media containing connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) for up to 21 days. hMSCs treated with CTGF-supplemented media exhibited an increased expression of fibrogenic markers and ECM proteins associated with scarring. Incorporation of α-smooth muscle actin into F-actin stress fibers was also observed. Furthermore, CTGF treatment increased the migratory capacity of hMSCs as compared to the CTGF-free control groups, indicative of the development of a myofibroblast phenotype. Addition of an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway attenuated cellular expression of fibrotic markers and related ECM proteins. Overall, this study demonstrates that CTGF promotes the development of a fibrogenic phenotype in hMSCs encapsulated within an HA matrix and that the MAPK pathway is a potential target for future therapeutic endeavors towards limiting scar formation in loose connective tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan B. Zerdoum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Eric W. Fowler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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37
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Almengló C, González‐Mosquera T, Caamaño P, Seoane M, Fraga M, Devesa J, Costoya JA, Arce VM. Immortalization of a cell line with neural stem cell characteristics derived from mouse embryo brain. Dev Dyn 2019; 249:112-124. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Almengló
- Departamento de FisioloxiaFacultade de Medicina and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Tamara González‐Mosquera
- Departamento de FisioloxiaFacultade de Medicina and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Pilar Caamaño
- Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Marcos Seoane
- Departamento de FisioloxiaFacultade de Medicina and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Máximo Fraga
- Departamento de Ciencias ForensesAnatomía Patolóxica, Xinecoloxía e Obstetricia, e Pediatría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Research and DevelopmentMedical Center Foltra Teo Spain
| | - José A. Costoya
- Departamento de FisioloxiaFacultade de Medicina and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Víctor M. Arce
- Departamento de FisioloxiaFacultade de Medicina and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela Spain
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Ferroni L, Gardin C, Dalla Paola L, Campo G, Cimaglia P, Bellin G, Pinton P, Zavan B. Characterization of Dermal Stem Cells of Diabetic Patients. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070729. [PMID: 31315286 PMCID: PMC6678145 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are lesions that involve loss of epithelium and dermis, sometimes involving deep structures, compartments, and bones. The aim of this work is to investigate the innate regenerative properties of dermal tissue around ulcers by the identification and analysis of resident dermal stem cells (DSCs). Dermal samples were taken at the edge of DFUs, and genes related to the wound healing process were analyzed by the real-time PCR array. The DSCs were isolated and analyzed by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR array to define their stemness properties. The gene expression profile of dermal tissue showed a dysregulation in growth factors, metalloproteinases, collagens, and integrins involved in the wound healing process. In the basal condition, diabetic DSCs adhered on the culture plate with spindle-shaped fibroblast-like morphology. They were positive to the mesenchymal stem cells markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, but negative for the hematopoietic markers CD14, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. In diabetic DSCs, the transcription of genes related to self-renewal and cell division were equivalent to that in normal DSCs. However, the expression of CCNA2, CCND2, CDK1, ALDH1A1, and ABCG2 was downregulated compared with that of normal DSCs. These genes are also related to cell cycle progression and stem cell maintenance. Further investigation will improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which these genes together govern cell proliferation, revealing new strategies useful for future treatment of DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Ferroni
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Dalla Paola
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Cimaglia
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Gloria Bellin
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy.
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Characterization of Different Sources of Human MSCs Expanded in Serum-Free Conditions with Quantification of Chondrogenic Induction in 3D. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2186728. [PMID: 31320905 PMCID: PMC6610765 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2186728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent alternative candidates to chondrocytes for cartilage engineering. However, it remains difficult to identify the ideal source of MSCs for cartilage repair since conditions supporting chondrogenic induction are diverse among published works. In this study, we characterized and evaluated the chondrogenic potential of MSCs from bone marrow (BM), Wharton's jelly (WJ), dental pulp (DP), and adipose tissue (AT) isolated and cultivated under serum-free conditions. BM-, WJ-, DP-, and AT-MSCs did not differ in terms of viability, clonogenicity, and proliferation. By an extensive polychromatic flow cytometry analysis, we found notable differences in markers of the osteochondrogenic lineage between the 4 MSC sources. We then evaluated their chondrogenic potential in a micromass culture model, and only BM-MSCs showed chondrogenic conversion. This chondrogenic differentiation was specifically ascertained by the production of procollagen IIB, the only type II collagen isoform synthesized by well-differentiated chondrocytes. As a pilot study toward cartilage engineering, we encapsulated BM-MSCs in hydrogel and developed an original method to evaluate their chondrogenic conversion by flow cytometry analysis, after release of the cells from the hydrogel. This allowed the simultaneous quantification of procollagen IIB and α10, a subunit of a type II collagen receptor crucial for proper cartilage development. This work represents the first comparison of detailed immunophenotypic analysis and chondrogenic differentiation potential of human BM-, WJ-, DP-, and AT-MSCs performed under the same serum-free conditions, from their isolation to their induction. Our study, achieved in conditions compliant with clinical applications, highlights that BM-MSCs are good candidates for cartilage engineering.
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Qiryaqoz Z, Timilsina S, Czarnowski D, Krebsbach PH, Villa‐Diaz LG. Identification of biomarkers indicative of functional skeletal stem cells. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 22 Suppl 1:192-198. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeena Qiryaqoz
- Department of Biological SciencesOakland University Rochester Michigan
| | - Suraj Timilsina
- Department of Biological SciencesOakland University Rochester Michigan
| | - Daniel Czarnowski
- Department of Biological SciencesOakland University Rochester Michigan
| | - Paul H. Krebsbach
- School of DentistryUniversity of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California
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Ling C, Nishimoto K, Rolfs Z, Smith LM, Frey BL, Welham NV. Differentiated fibrocytes assume a functional mesenchymal phenotype with regenerative potential. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav7384. [PMID: 31086819 PMCID: PMC6506241 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav7384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fibrocytes (FCs) are hematopoietic lineage cells that migrate to sites of injury, transition to a mesenchymal phenotype, and help to mediate wound repair. Despite their relevance to human fibrotic disorders, there are few data characterizing basic FC biology. Herein, using proteomic, bioenergetic, and bioengineering techniques, we conducted deep phenotypic characterization of differentiating and mature FCs. Differentiation was associated with metabolic reprogramming that favored oxidative phosphorylation. Mature FCs had distinct proteomes compared to classic mesenchymal cells, formed functional stromae that supported epithelial maturation during in vitro organotypic culture, and exhibited in vivo survival and self-tolerance as connective tissue isografts. In an in vitro scratch assay, FCs promoted fibroblast migration and wound closure by paracrine signaling via the chemokine CXCL8 (interleukin-8). These findings characterize important aspects of FC differentiation and show that, in addition to their role in wound healing, FCs hold potential as an easily isolated autologous cell source for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Ling
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Kohei Nishimoto
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Zach Rolfs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lloyd M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Brian L. Frey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nathan V. Welham
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
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A comparative in vitro study of the osteogenic and adipogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells, gingival fibroblasts and foreskin fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1761. [PMID: 30741963 PMCID: PMC6370862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human teeth contain a variety of mesenchymal stem cell populations that could be used for cell-based regenerative therapies. However, the isolation and potential use of these cells in the clinics require the extraction of functional teeth, a process that may represent a significant barrier to such treatments. Fibroblasts are highly accessible and might represent a viable alternative to dental stem cells. We thus investigated and compared the in vitro differentiation potential of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and foreskin fibroblasts (hFFs). These cell populations were cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation media, followed by Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining to visualize cytodifferentiation. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess the expression of markers specific for stem cells (NANOG, OCT-4), osteogenic (RUNX2, ALP, SP7/OSX) and adipogenic (PPAR-γ2, LPL) differentiation. While fibroblasts are more prone towards adipogenic differentiation, hDPSCs exhibit a higher osteogenic potential. These results indicate that although fibroblasts possess a certain mineralization capability, hDPSCs represent the most appropriate cell population for regenerative purposes involving bone and dental tissues.
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Alhattab D, Jamali F, Ali D, Hammad H, Adwan S, Rahmeh R, Samarah O, Salah B, Hamdan M, Awidi A. An insight into the whole transcriptome profile of four tissue-specific human mesenchymal stem cells. Regen Med 2019; 14:841-865. [PMID: 30702025 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Variations in the clinical outcomes using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatments exist, reflecting different origins and niches. To date, there is no consensus on the best source of MSCs most suitable to treat a specific disease. Methods: Total transcriptome analysis of human MSCs was performed. MSCs were isolated from two adult sources bone marrow, adipose tissue and two perinatal sources umbilical cord and placenta. Results: Each MSCs type possessed a unique expression pattern that reflects an advantage in terms of their potential therapeutic use. Advantages in immune modulation, neurogenesis and other aspects were found. Discussion: This study is a milestone for evidence-based choice of the type of MSCs used in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Alhattab
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Fatima Jamali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dema Ali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hana Hammad
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sofia Adwan
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Reem Rahmeh
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Samarah
- Special Surgery Department, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Bareqa Salah
- General Surgery Department/Plastic & Reconstructive, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Hamdan
- Special Surgery Department, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdalla Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Hematology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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44
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Gutermuth A, Maassen J, Harnisch E, Kuhlen D, Sauer-Budge A, Skazik-Voogt C, Engelmann K. Descemet's Membrane Biomimetic Microtopography Differentiates Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Corneal Endothelial-Like Cells. Cornea 2019; 38:110-119. [PMID: 30308581 PMCID: PMC6282677 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Purpose: Loss of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) bears disastrous consequences for the patient, including corneal clouding and blindness. Corneal transplantation is currently the only therapy for severe corneal disorders. However, the worldwide shortages of corneal donor material generate a strong demand for personalized stem cell–based alternative therapies. Because human mesenchymal stem cells are known to be sensitive to their mechanical environments, we investigated the mechanotransductive potential of Descemet membrane–like microtopography (DLT) to differentiate human mesenchymal stem cells into CEC-like cells. Methods: Master molds with inverted DLT were produced by 2-photon lithography (2-PL). To measure the mechanotransductive potential of DLT, mesenchymal stem cells were cultivated on silicone or collagen imprints with DLT. Changes in morphology were imaged, and changes in gene expression of CEC typical genes such as zonula occludens (ZO-1), sodium/potassium (Na/K)-ATPase, paired-like homeodomain 2 (PITX2), and collagen 8 (COL-8) were measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction. At least immunofluorescence analysis has been conducted to confirm gene data on the protein level. Results: Adhesion of MSCs to DLT molded in silicone and particularly in collagen initiates polygonal morphology and monolayer formation and enhances not only transcription of CEC typical genes such as ZO-1, Na/K-ATPase, PITX2, and COL-8 but also expression of the corresponding proteins. Conclusions: Artificial reproduction of Descemet membrane with respect to topography and similar stiffness offers a potential innovative way to bioengineer a functional CEC monolayer from autologous stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Gutermuth
- Department for Applied Cell Biology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jessika Maassen
- Department for Applied Cell Biology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Emely Harnisch
- Department for Applied Cell Biology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Kuhlen
- Department for Applied Cell Biology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexis Sauer-Budge
- Exponent, Department for Polymer Science & Materials Chemistry, Natick, MA
| | - Claudia Skazik-Voogt
- Department for Applied Cell Biology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katrin Engelmann
- Medical Center for Ophthalmology, Chemnitz, Germany.,Experimental Ophthalmology, Institute of Anatomy Dresden, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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45
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Shi P, Chee A, Liu W, Chou PH, Zhu J, An HS. Therapeutic effects of cell therapy with neonatal human dermal fibroblasts and rabbit dermal fibroblasts on disc degeneration and inflammation. Spine J 2019; 19:171-181. [PMID: 30142460 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Increasing evidence suggests transplanting viable cells into the degenerating intervertebral disc (IVD) may be effective in treating disc degeneration and back pain. Clinical studies utilizing autologous or allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells to treat patients with back pain have reported some encouraging results. Animal studies have shown that cells injected into the disc can survive for months and have regenerative effects. Studies to determine the advantages and disadvantages of cell types and sources for therapy are needed. PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine the impact of donor source on the therapeutic effects of dermal fibroblast treatment on disc degeneration and inflammation. STUDY DESIGN Using the rabbit disc degeneration model, we compared transplantation of neonatal human dermal fibroblasts (nHDFs) and rabbit dermal fibroblasts (RDFs) into rabbit degenerated discs on host immune response, disc height, and IVD composition. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits received an annular puncture using an 18-guage needle to induce disc degeneration. Four weeks after injury, rabbit IVDs were treated with 5 × 106 nHDFs, RDFs, or saline. At eight weeks post-treatment, animals were sacrificed. X-ray images were obtained. IVDs were isolated for inflammatory and collagen gene expression analysis using real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical analysis of proteoglycan contents using dimethylmethylene blue assay. These studies were funded by a research grant from SpinalCyte, LLC ($414,431). RESULTS Eight weeks after treatment, disc height indexes of discs treated with nHDF increased significantly by 7.8% (p<.01), whereas those treated with saline or RDF increased by 1.5% and 2.0%, respectively. Gene expression analysis showed that discs transplanted with nHDFs and RDFs displayed similar inflammatory responses (p=.2 to .8). Compared to intact discs, expression of both collagen types I and II increased significantly in nHDF-treated discs (p<.05), trending to significant in RDF-treated discs, and not significantly in saline treated discs. The ratio of collagen type II/collagen type I was higher in the IVDs treated with nHDFs (1.26) than those treated with RDFs (0.81) or saline (0.59) and intact discs (1.00). Last, proteoglycan contents increased significantly in discs treated with nHDF (p<.05) and were trending toward significance in the RDF-treated discs compared to those treated with saline. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that cell transplantation with nHDF into degenerated IVDs can significantly increase markers of disc regeneration (disc height, collagen type I and II gene expression, and proteoglycan contents). Transplantation with RDFs showed similar regenerative trends, but these trends were not significant. This study also showed that the human cells transplanted into the rabbit discs did not induce a higher immune response than the rabbit cells. These results support that the IVD is immune privileged and would tolerate allogeneic or xenogeneic grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Ana Chee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Weijun Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Pu'Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 473 Hanzheng St, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Po-Hsin Chou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City, Taiwan 11217, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City, Taiwan 112, ROC
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; The Minimally Invasive Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, The Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jishou University School of Medicine, 144 South Road Jinxi South Road, Huaihua City, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Howard S An
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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46
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Chen F, Bi D, Cheng C, Ma S, Liu Y, Cheng K. Bone morphogenetic protein 7 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human dermal-derived CD105+ fibroblast cells through the Smad and MAPK pathways. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:37-46. [PMID: 30365093 PMCID: PMC6257832 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, as the largest organ of the human body, is an important source of stromal stem cells with multipotent differentiation potential. CD105+ mesenchymal stem cells exhibit a higher level of stemness than CD105− cells. In the present study, human dermal-derived CD105+ fibroblast cells (CD105+ hDDFCs) were isolated from human foreskin specimens using immunomagnetic isolation methods to examine the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-7 in osteogenic differentiation. Adenovirus-mediated recombinant BMP7 expression enhanced osteogenesis-associated gene expression, calcium deposition, and alkaline phosphatase activity. Investigation of the underlying mechanisms showed that BMP7 activated small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) and p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in CD105+ hDDFCs. The small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of Smad4 or inhibition of p38 attenuated the BMP7-induced enhancement of osteogenic differentiation. In an in vivo ectopic bone formation model, the adenovirus-mediated overexpression of BMP7 enhanced bone formation from CD105+ hDDFCs. Taken together, these data indicated that adenoviral BMP7 gene transfer in CD105+ hDDFCs may be developed as an effective tool for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuguo Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Dan Bi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Sunxiang Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Kaixiang Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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47
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Salerno S, Curcio E, Bader A, Giorno L, Drioli E, De Bartolo L. Gas permeable membrane bioreactor for the co-culture of human skin derived mesenchymal stem cells with hepatocytes and endothelial cells. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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48
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Wang J, Wu X, Zheng Y, Wen H, Ji H, Zhao Y, Guan W. Isolation and biological characterization of mesenchymal stem cells from goose dermis. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3236-3247. [PMID: 29790972 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is a natural target of stem cell research because of its large size and easy accessibility. Cutaneous mesenchymal stem cells have shown to be a promising source of various adult stem cell or progenitor cell populations, which provide an important source of stem cell-based investigation. Nowadays, much work has been done on dermal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) from humans, mice, sheep, and other mammals, but the literature on avian species has been rarely reported. As an animal model, the goose is an endemic species abounding in dermal tissues which is important in the global economy. In this study, we isolated and established the mesenchymal stem cell line from dermis tissue of goose, which were subcultured to passage 21 in vitro without loss of their functional integrity in terms of morphology, renewal capacity, and presence of mesenchymal stem cell markers. Cryopreservation and resuscitation were also observed in different passages. To investigate the biological characteristics of goose DMSCs, immunofluorescence, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry were used to detect the characteristic surface markers. Growth curves and the capacity of colony forming were performed to test the self-renew and proliferative ability. Furthermore, the DMSCs are induced to osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes in vitro. Our results suggest that DMSCs isolated from goose embryos possess similar biological characteristics to those from other species. The methods in establishment and cultivation of goose DMSCs line demonstrated a good self-renew and expansion potential in vitro, which provided a technological platform for preserving the valuable genetic resources of poultry and a great inspiration for in vitro investigation of avian MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,School of kinesiology and health, Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang province 150008, China
| | - Xulun Wu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjie Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,School of Life Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang province 154007, China
| | - Hebao Wen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,School of sports science, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang province 157011, China
| | - Hongda Ji
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,School of kinesiology and health, Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang province 150008, China
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- School of kinesiology and health, Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang province 150008, China
| | - Weijun Guan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Ichim TE, O'Heeron P, Kesari S. Fibroblasts as a practical alternative to mesenchymal stem cells. J Transl Med 2018; 16:212. [PMID: 30053821 PMCID: PMC6064181 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy offers great potential for treatment of disease through the multifunctional and responsive ability of these cells. In numerous contexts, MSC have been shown to reduce inflammation, modulate immune responses, and provide trophic factor support for regeneration. While the most commonly used MSC source, the bone marrow provides relatively little starting material for cellular expansion, and requires invasive extraction means, fibroblasts are easily harvested in large numbers from various biological wastes. Additionally, in vitro expansion of fibroblasts is significantly easier given the robustness of these cells in tissue culture and shorter doubling time compared to typical MSC. In this paper we put forward the concept that in some cases, fibroblasts may be utilized as a more practical, and potentially more effective cell therapy than mesenchymal stem cells. Anti-inflammatory, immune modulatory, and regenerative properties of fibroblasts will be discussed in the context of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Santosh Kesari
- Department of Translational Neurosciences and Neurotherapeutics, John Wayne Cancer Institute and Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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50
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Soundararajan M, Kannan S. Fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells: Two sides of the same coin? J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9099-9109. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Sri Ramachandra University Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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