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Hiramoto K, Kubo S, Tsuji K, Sugiyama D, Iizuka Y, Hamano H. The Effect of Bacillus coagulans Induced Interactions among Intestinal Bacteria, Metabolites, and Inflammatory Molecules in Improving Natural Skin Aging. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2023; 10:287-302. [PMID: 37873804 PMCID: PMC10594509 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology10040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactic acid bacteria consumption serves several health benefits to humans. However, their effect on natural skin aging is still unclear. METHODS This study examined the effects of skin naturalization (particularly skin drying) by administering a spore-bearing lactic acid bacteria (Bacillus coagulans) in mice for 2 years. RESULTS B. coagulans administration improved the natural skin of mice and significantly increased proportions of the genera Bacteroides and Muribaculum, among other intestinal bacteria. As metabolites, increases in nicotinic acid, putrescin, and pantothenic acid levels and a decrease in choline levels were observed. Increased hyaluronic acid, interleukin-10, and M2 macrophage levels indicate aging-related molecules in the skin. Intestinal permeability was also suppressed. Thus, these changes together improved natural skin aging. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that B. coagulans administration improved the natural skin aging in mice. This enhancement might be induced by the interaction of alterations in intestinal flora, metabolites, or inflammatory substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kubo
- Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-8170, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (D.S.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Keiko Tsuji
- Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-8170, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (D.S.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Daijiro Sugiyama
- Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-8170, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (D.S.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Yasutaka Iizuka
- Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-8170, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (D.S.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Hideo Hamano
- Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-8170, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (D.S.); (Y.I.); (H.H.)
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2
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Elbasiony E, Cho WJ, Singh A, Mittal SK, Zoukhri D, Chauhan SK. Increased activity of lacrimal gland mast cells are associated with corneal epitheliopathy in aged mice. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36849524 PMCID: PMC9971332 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The lacrimal gland undergoes significant structural and functional deterioration with aging. Marked with increased inflammation and fibrosis, the aged lacrimal gland is unable to perform its protective function. As a result, the ocular surface becomes highly susceptible to various ocular surface pathologies, including corneal epitheliopathy. We and others have previously shown that mast cells mediate tissue inflammation by recruiting other immune cells. However, despite their well-known characteristics of secreting various inflammatory mediators, whether mast cells contribute to the immune cell aggregation and activation, and acinar dystrophy of the aged lacrimal gland has not been investigated. Here, we demonstrate the role of mast cells in age-related lacrimal gland pathophysiology using mast cell-deficient (cKitw-sh) mice. Our data demonstrated a significant increase in mast cell frequencies and immune cell infiltration in the lacrimal gland of aged mice. Interestingly, mast cell deficiency resulted in a substantial reduction in inflammation and preservation of lacrimal gland structure, suggesting that mast cells mediate the aging process of the lacrimal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed Elbasiony
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - WonKyung J Cho
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aastha Singh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharad K Mittal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Driss Zoukhri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sunil K Chauhan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Hedgespeth BA, Snider DB, Bitting KJ, Cruse G. The exon-skipping oligonucleotide, KitStop, depletes tissue-resident mast cells in vivo to ameliorate anaphylaxis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1006741. [PMID: 36798116 PMCID: PMC9927222 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1006741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anaphylaxis represents the most extreme and life-threatening form of allergic disease and is considered a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. Additionally, some people with mastocytosis experience recurrent episodes of anaphylaxis during normal daily activities without exposure to known triggers. While acute therapy consists primarily of epinephrine and supportive care, chronic therapy relies mostly on desensitization and immunotherapy against the offending allergen, which is a time-consuming and sometimes unsuccessful process. These treatments also necessitate identification of the triggering allergen which is not always possible, and thus highlighting a need for alternative treatments for mast cell-mediated diseases. Methods The exon-skipping oligonucleotide KitStop was administered to mice intradermally, intraperitoneally, or systemically at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg. Local mast cell numbers were enumerated via peritoneal lavage or skin histology, and passive systemic anaphylaxis was induced to evaluate KitStop's global systemic effect. A complete blood count and biochemistry panel were performed to assess the risk of acute toxicity following KitStop administration. Results Here, we report the use of an exon-skipping oligonucleotide, which we have previously termed KitStop, to safely reduce the severity and duration of the anaphylactic response via mast cell depopulation in tissues. KitStop administration results in the integration of a premature stop codon within the mRNA transcript of the KIT receptor-a receptor tyrosine kinase found primarily on mast cells and whose gain-of-function mutation can lead to systemic mastocytosis. Following either local or systemic KitStop treatment, mice had significantly reduced mast cell numbers in the skin and peritoneum. In addition, KitStop-treated mice experienced a significantly diminished anaphylactic response using a model of passive systemic anaphylaxis when compared with control mice. Discussion KitStop treatment results in a significant reduction in systemic mast cell responses, thus offering the potential to serve as a powerful additional treatment modality for patients that suffer from anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry A Hedgespeth
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine and Translational Research Training Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Douglas B Snider
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine and Translational Research Training Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Katie J Bitting
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Glenn Cruse
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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4
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Marangio A, Biccari A, D’Angelo E, Sensi F, Spolverato G, Pucciarelli S, Agostini M. The Study of the Extracellular Matrix in Chronic Inflammation: A Way to Prevent Cancer Initiation? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235903. [PMID: 36497384 PMCID: PMC9741172 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between cells and their microenvironment has a key function in normal tissue homeostasis, and in disease initiation, progression and a patient's prognosis, at the very least. The extracellular matrix (ECM), as an element of all tissues and cellular microenvironment, is a frequently overlooked component implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases. In the inflammatory microenvironment (IME), different alterations resulting from remodeling processes can affect ECM, progressively inducing cancer initiation and the passage toward a tumor microenvironment (TME). Indeed, it has been demonstrated that altered ECM components interact with a variety of surface receptors triggering intracellular signaling that affect cellular pathways in turn. This review aims to support the notion that the ECM and its alterations actively participate in the promotion of chronic inflammation and cancer initiation. In conclusion, some data obtained in cancer research with the employment of decellularized ECM (dECM) models are described. The reported results encourage the application of dECM models to investigate the short circuits contributing to the creation of distinct IME, thus representing a potential tool to avoid the progression toward a malignant lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Marangio
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Biccari
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo D’Angelo
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-964-0160
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5
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Schürmann M, Goon P, Sudhoff H. Review of potential medical treatments for middle ear cholesteatoma. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:148. [PMID: 36123729 PMCID: PMC9487140 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00953-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle ear cholesteatoma (MEC), is a destructive, and locally invasive lesion in the middle ear driven by inflammation with an annual incidence of 10 per 100,000. Surgical extraction/excision remains the only treatment strategy available and recurrence is high (up to 40%), therefore developing the first pharmaceutical treatments for MEC is desperately required. This review was targeted at connecting the dysregulated inflammatory network of MEC to pathogenesis and identification of pharmaceutical targets. We summarized the numerous basic research endeavors undertaken over the last 30+ years to identify the key targets in the dysregulated inflammatory pathways and judged the level of evidence for a given target if it was generated by in vitro, in vivo or clinical experiments. MEC pathogenesis was found to be connected to cytokines characteristic for Th1, Th17 and M1 cells. In addition, we found that the inflammation created damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which further promoted inflammation. Similar positive feedback loops have already been described for other Th1/Th17 driven inflammatory diseases (arthritis, Crohn’s disease or multiple sclerosis). A wide-ranging search for molecular targeted therapies (MTT) led to the discovery of over a hundred clinically approved drugs already applied in precision medicine. Based on exclusion criteria designed to enable fast translation as well as efficacy, we condensed the numerous MTTs down to 13 top drugs. The review should serve as groundwork for the primary goal, which is to provide potential pharmaceutical therapies to MEC patients for the first time in history. Video Abstract
Middle ear cholesteatoma (MEC) is a destructive and locally invasive ulcerated lesion in the middle ear driven by inflammation which occurs in 10 out of 100,000 people annually. Surgical extraction/excision is the only treatment strategy available and recurrence is high (up to 40% after ten years), therefore developing the first pharmaceutical treatments for MEC is desperately required. This review is focused on the connections between inflammation and MEC pathogenesis. These connections can be used as attack points for pharmaceuticals. For this we summarized the results of research undertaken over the last 30 + years. MEC pathogenesis can be described by specific inflammatory dysregulation already known from arthritis, Crohn’s disease or multiple sclerosis. A hallmark of this dysregulation are positive feedback loops of the inflammation further amplifying itself in a vicious circle-like manner. We have identified over one hundred drugs which are already used in clinic to treat other inflammatory diseases, and could potentially be repurposed to treat MEC. To improve and expedite clinical success rates, we applied certain criteria based on our literature searches and condensed these drugs down to the 13 top drugs. We hope the review will serve as groundwork for the primary goal, which is to provide potential pharmaceutical therapies to MEC patients for the first time in history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universität Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Goon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universität Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.,Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universität Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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6
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Yang HX, Liu QP, Zhou YX, Chen YY, An P, Xing YZ, Zhang L, Jia M, Zhang H. Forsythiasides: A review of the pharmacological effects. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:971491. [PMID: 35958429 PMCID: PMC9357976 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.971491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythiasides are a kind of phenylethanol glycosides existing in Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, which possesses extensive pharmacological activities. According to the different groups connected to the nucleus, forsythiasides can be divided into A-K. In recent years, numerous investigations have been carried out on forsythiasides A, B, C, D, E, and I, which have the effects of cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, neuroprotection, et al. Mechanistically, forsythiasides regulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and other signaling pathways, as well as the expression of related cytokines and kinases. Further exploration and development may unearth more treatment potential of forsythiasides and provide more evidence for their clinical applications. In summary, forsythiasides have high development and application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xuan Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Library, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei An
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Zhuo Xing
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang,
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Min Jia,
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Hong Zhang,
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7
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Regulation of mast cell activation by extracellular vesicles in cow’s milk casein-induced allergic responses. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Teegala LR, Elshoweikh Y, Gudneppanavar R, Thodeti S, Pokhrel S, Southard E, Thodeti CK, Paruchuri S. Protein Kinase C α and β compensate for each other to promote stem cell factor-mediated KIT phosphorylation, mast cell viability and proliferation. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22273. [PMID: 35349200 PMCID: PMC9298465 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101838rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) develop from hematopoietic progenitors and differentiate into mature MCs that reside within connective or mucosal tissues. Though the number of MCs in tissues usually remains constant, inflammation and asthma disturb this homeostasis, leading to proliferation of MCs. Understanding the signaling events behind this proliferative response could lead to the development of novel strategies for better management of allergic diseases. MC survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration are all maintained by a MC growth factor, stem cell factor (SCF) via its receptor, KIT. Here, we explored how protein kinase C (PKC) redundancy influences MC proliferation in bone marrow‐derived MC (BMMC). We found that SCF activates PKCα and PKCβ isoforms, which in turn modulates KIT phosphorylation and internalization. Further, PKCα and PKCβ activate p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), and this axis subsequently regulates SCF‐induced MC cell proliferation. To ascertain the individual roles of PKCα and PKCβ, we knocked down either PKCα or PKCβ or both via short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and analyzed KIT phosphorylation, p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and MC viability and proliferation. To our surprise, downregulation of neither PKCα nor PKCβ affected MC viability and proliferation. In contrast, blocking both PKCα and PKCβ significantly attenuated SCF‐induced cell viability and proliferation, suggesting that PKCα and PKCβ compensate for each other downstream of SCF signaling to enhance MC viability and proliferation. Our results not only suggest that PKC classical isoforms are novel therapeutic targets for SCF/MC‐mediated inflammatory and allergic diseases, but they also emphasize the importance of inhibiting both PKCα and β isoforms simultaneously to prevent MC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshminarayan Reddy Teegala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sabita Pokhrel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Erik Southard
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles K Thodeti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA.,Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Sailaja Paruchuri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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9
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Interrelationships between the extracellular matrix and the immune microenvironment that govern epithelial tumour progression. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:361-377. [PMID: 35260891 PMCID: PMC8907655 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumours are composed of cancer cells characterised by genetic mutations that underpin the disease, but also contain a suite of genetically normal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). These two latter components are constituents of the tumour microenvironment (TME), and are key determinants of tumour biology and thereby the outcomes for patients. The tumour ECM has been the subject of intense research over the past two decades, revealing key biochemical and mechanobiological principles that underpin its role in tumour cell proliferation and survival. However, the ECM also strongly influences the genetically normal immune cells within the microenvironment, regulating not only their proliferation and survival, but also their differentiation and access to tumour cells. Here we review recent advances in our knowledge of how the ECM regulates the tumour immune microenvironment and vice versa, comparing normal skin wound healing to the pathological condition of tumour progression.
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10
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Annese T, Tamma R, Bozza M, Zito A, Ribatti D. Autocrine/Paracrine Loop Between SCF +/c-Kit + Mast Cells Promotes Cutaneous Melanoma Progression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:794974. [PMID: 35140718 PMCID: PMC8818866 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.794974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Kit, or mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit, is a tyrosine kinase receptor structurally analogous to the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) CSF-1/PDGF receptor Tyr-subfamily. It binds the cytokine KITLG/SCF to regulate cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and it plays an essential role in melanogenesis. SCF and c-Kit are biologically active as membrane-bound and soluble forms. They can be expressed by tumor cells and cells of the microenvironment playing a crucial role in tumor development, progression, and relapses. To date, few investigations have concerned the role of SCF+/c-Kit+ mast cells in normal, premalignant, and malignant skin lesions that resemble steps of malignant melanoma progression. In this study, by immunolabeling reactions, we demonstrated that in melanoma lesions, SCF and c-Kit were expressed in mast cells and released by themselves, suggesting an autocrine/paracrine loop might be implicated in regulatory mechanisms of neoangiogenesis and tumor progression in human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariella Bozza
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Zito
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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11
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Kochetkova M, Samuel MS. Differentiation of the tumor microenvironment: are CAFs the Organizer? Trends Cell Biol 2021; 32:285-294. [PMID: 34895986 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancers contain a suite of genetically stable cells within an extracellular matrix, collectively termed the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME strongly influences disease outcome for patients. Gleaning clues from the literature, we propose that the TME should be viewed not as disparate populations of cells constituting a pathological lesion, but as a cohesive tissue constituting a novel pathological organ, arising from the coordinated differentiation of its constituent cell types - a process we have termed tumor-associated neodifferentiation (TAND). We also discuss why cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may assume the role of Organizer of this organ, directing the recruitment and differentiation of cells within the TME. Viewing the microenvironment in this way will reveal new cancer vulnerabilities that may be exploited for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kochetkova
- Centre for Cancer Biology, an alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Michael Susithiran Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, an alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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12
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Qin B, Peng Y, Zhong C, Cai Y, Zhou S, Chen H, Zhuang J, Zeng H, Xu C, Xu H, Li J, Ying G, Gu C, Chen G, Wang L. Mast Cells Mediate Inflammatory Injury and Aggravate Neurological Impairment in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Through Microglial PAR-2 Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:710481. [PMID: 34646122 PMCID: PMC8503547 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.710481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and disability. Aberrant neuroinflammation has been identified as a critical factor accounting for the poor prognosis of SAH patients. Mast cells (MCs), the sentinel cells of the immune system, play a critical in the early immune reactions and participate in multiple pathophysiological process. However, the exact role of MCs on the pathophysiological process after SAH has not been fully understood. The current study was conducted to determine the role of MCs and MC stabilization in the context of SAH. Mouse SAH model was established by endovascular perforation process. Mice received saline or cromolyn (MC stabilizer) or compound 48/80 (MCs degranulator). Post-SAH evaluation included neurobehavioral test, western blot, immunofluorescence, and toluidine blue staining. We demonstrated that SAH induced MCs activation/degranulation. Administration of MC stabilizer cromolyn conferred a better neurologic outcome and decreased brain edema when compared with SAH+vehicle group. Furthermore, cromolyn significantly inhibited neuroinflammatory response and alleviated neuronal damage after SAH. However, pharmacological activation of MCs with compound 48/80 dramatically aggravated SAH-induced brain injury and exacerbated neurologic outcomes. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of microglial PAR-2 significantly reversed MCs-induced inflammatory response and neurological impairment. Additionally, the effect of MCs-derived tryptase in mediating neuroinflammation was also abolished by the microglial PAR-2 blockage in vitro. Taken together, MCs yielded inflammatory injury through activating microglia-related neuroinflammation after SAH. These data shed light on the notion that MCs might be a novel and promising therapeutic target for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaijun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanhai Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangzhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Nomiyama M, Yamasaki F, Tokunaga M, Ohbuchi Y, Sago N, Arima K, Nishiyama W, Hashiguchi M, Kojima K. Endometrial polyps with increased plasma cells are associated with chronic endometritis in infertility patients: Hysteroscopic findings and post-polypectomy pregnancy rates. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 20:494-504. [PMID: 34646078 PMCID: PMC8499588 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between endometrial polyps (EPs), chronic endometritis (CE), hysteroscopic findings, and antimicrobial in infertility patients was determined. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 115 infertility patients with suspected EPs who underwent office hysteroscopy. Patients were divided into 3 groups: 38 with increased plasma cells in EPs (group 1); 31 without increased plasma cells in EPs (group 2); and 46 without EPs (group 3). The 3 groups underwent hysteroscopy with or without polypectomies, and immediately thereafter, an endometrial aspiration biopsy (EAB) was performed. CE was diagnosed based on plasma cell infiltration in the non-polypoid endometrium obtained by EAB. RESULTS The percentage of CE was 68.4%, 32.2%, and 28.3% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CE was more frequent in group 1 than group 2 or 3 (P = .01 and P = .002, respectively). The number of polyps was higher in group 1 than group 2. After adjustment for age and assisted reproductive technology, antibiotic therapy was not associated with pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-3.57) in patients with EPs and CE. CONCLUSIONS Group 1 was associated with CE, and hysteroscopic findings were different from group 2. Antibiotic therapy after polypectomy for EPs with CE may not always be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Nomiyama
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
| | - Fumio Yamasaki
- Department of PathologyJapan Community Health Care OrganizationSaga Central HospitalSaga CityJapan
| | - Mariko Tokunaga
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
| | - Yukari Ohbuchi
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
| | - Naka Sago
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
| | - Kaoru Arima
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
| | - Wakako Nishiyama
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
| | - Mariko Hashiguchi
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyFaculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CityJapan
| | - Kayoko Kojima
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyTakagi HospitalOkawa CityJapan
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14
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Glutamate triggers the expression of functional ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in mast cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2383-2392. [PMID: 32313211 PMCID: PMC8484602 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are emerging as players in the communication between peripheral nerve endings and cells of the immune system. However, it is not clear the mechanism by which mast cells communicate with peripheral nerves. We previously found that mast cells located within healing tendons can express glutamate receptors, raising the possibility that mast cells may be sensitive to glutamate signaling. To evaluate this hypothesis, we stimulated primary mast cells with glutamate and showed that glutamate induced the profound upregulation of a panel of glutamate receptors of both the ionotropic type (NMDAR1, NMDAR2A, and NMDAR2B) and the metabotropic type (mGluR2 and mGluR7) at both the mRNA and protein levels. The binding of glutamate to glutamate receptors on the mast cell surface was confirmed. Further, glutamate had extensive effects on gene expression in the mast cells, including the upregulation of pro-inflammatory components such as IL-6 and CCL2. Glutamate also induced the upregulation of transcription factors, including Egr2, Egr3 and, in particular, FosB. The extensive induction of FosB was confirmed by immunofluorescence assessment. Glutamate receptor antagonists abrogated the responses of the mast cells to glutamate, supporting the supposition of a functional glutamate-glutamate receptor axis in mast cells. Finally, we provide in vivo evidence supporting a functional glutamate-glutamate receptor axis in the mast cells of injured tendons. Together, these findings establish glutamate as an effector of mast cell function, thereby introducing a novel principle for how cells in the immune system can communicate with nerve cells.
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15
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Exploring the long noncoding RNAs-based biomarkers and pathogenesis of malignant transformation from dysplasia to oral squamous cell carcinoma by bioinformatics method. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 29:174-181. [PMID: 31343435 PMCID: PMC7012364 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in many biological processes and carcinogenesis. We aimed to explore lncRNA-based pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and predictive factors of malignant transformation from dysplasia to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Microarray data of GSE30784 consisting of 167 OSCC, 17 dysplasia, and 45 normal oral tissues were downloaded from the GEO database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs between the three samples were identified using R, followed by lncRNA-mRNA coexpression and coregulation network analysis for the prediction of lncRNA target genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto encydopedia of gene and genomes pathway analysis were performed to further characterize potential interactions. A total of 4462 DEGs and 76 differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened between the three groups, and 200 DEGs and only double homeobox A pseudogene 10 (DUXAP10) were screened among the three groups. A total of 1662 interactions of 46 lncRNAs and their coexpressed target genes were predicted, and 38 pairs of lncRNA-lncRNA coregulated 843 target genes. The coregulated target genes significantly enriched in antigen adaptive immune response, activation of phagocytosis receptor signaling, mast granule NF-κB inflammation, etc. Overall, lncRNAs were differentially expressed in OSCC and dysplasia. The target genes might play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of OSCC. These results improve our understanding regarding the lncRNA-based pathogenesis and identify some potential targets for early diagnosis of malignant transformation from dysplasia to OSCC.
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16
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Ertle CM, Rommel FR, Tumala S, Moriwaki Y, Klein J, Kruse J, Gieler U, Peters EMJ. New Pathways for the Skin's Stress Response: The Cholinergic Neuropeptide SLURP-1 Can Activate Mast Cells and Alter Cytokine Production in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631881. [PMID: 33815383 PMCID: PMC8012551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (Chrna7) plays an essential anti-inflammatory role in immune homeostasis and was recently found on mast cells (MC). Psychosocial stress can trigger MC hyperactivation and increases pro-inflammatory cytokines in target tissues such as the skin. If the cholinergic system (CS) and Chrna7 ligands play a role in these cascades is largely unknown. Objective: To elucidate the role of the CS in the response to psychosocial stress using a mouse-model for stress-triggered cutaneous inflammatory circuits. Methods: Key CS markers (ACh, Ch, SLURP-1, SLURP-2, Lynx1, Chrm3, Chrna7, Chrna9, ChAT, VAChT, Oct3, AChE, and BChE) in skin and its MC (sMC), MC activation, immune parameters (TNFα, IL1β, IL10, TGFβ, HIF1α, and STAT3) and oxidative stress were analyzed in skin from 24 h noise-stressed mice and in cultured MC (cMC) from C57BL/6 or Chrna7-Knockout mice. Results: First, Chrna7 and SLURP-1 mRNA were exclusively upregulated in stressed skin. Second, histomorphometry located Chrna7 and SLURP-1 in nerves and sMC and demonstrated upregulated contacts and increased Chrna7+ sMC in stressed skin, while 5 ng/mL SLURP-1 degranulated cMC. Third, IL1β+ sMC were high in stressed skin, and while SLURP-1 alone had no significant effect on cMC cytokines, it upregulated IL1β in cMC from Chrna7-KO and in IL1β-treated wildtype cMC. In addition, HIF1α+ sMC were high in stressed skin and Chrna7-agonist AR-R 17779 induced ROS in cMC while SLURP-1 upregulated TNFα and IL1β in cMC when HIF1α was blocked. Conclusions: These data infer that the CS plays a role in the regulation of stress-sensitive inflammatory responses but may have a surprising pro-inflammatory effect in healthy skin, driving IL1β expression if SLURP-1 is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M Ertle
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank R Rommel
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Tumala
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yasuhiro Moriwaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jochen Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter N260, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Kruse
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Gieler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eva M J Peters
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Charité Center 12 for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Rosine N, Miceli-Richard C. Innate Cells: The Alternative Source of IL-17 in Axial and Peripheral Spondyloarthritis? Front Immunol 2021; 11:553742. [PMID: 33488572 PMCID: PMC7821711 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.553742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatism characterized by inflammation of sacroiliac joints, peripheral joints, and spine. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis Society describes three disease forms: axial (axSpA), peripheral, and enthesitic SpA. Each may be associated with extra-articular manifestations: psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and acute anterior uveitis. Genome-wide association studies performed in axSpA and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have shown a shared genetic background, especially the interleukin 23 (IL-23)/IL-17 pathway, which suggests pathophysiological similarities. The convincing positive results of clinical trials assessing the effect of secukinumab and ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibodies) in axSpA and PsA have reinforced the speculated crucial role of IL-17 in SpA. Nevertheless, and obviously unexpectedly, the differential efficacy of anti-IL-23–targeted treatments between axSpA (failure) and PsA (success) has profoundly disrupted our presumed knowledge of disease pathogeny. The cells able to secrete IL-17, their dependence on IL-23, and their respective role according to the clinical form of the disease is at the heart of the current debate to potentially explain these observed differences in efficacy of IL-23/IL-17–targeted therapy. In fact, IL-17 secretion is usually mainly related to T helper 17 lymphocytes. Nevertheless, several innate immune cells express IL-23 receptor and can produce IL-17. To what extent these alternative cell populations can produce IL-17 independent of IL-23 and their respective involvement in axSpA and PsA are the crucial scientific questions in SpA. From this viewpoint, this is a nice example of a reverse path from bedside to bench, in which the results of therapeutic trials allow for reflecting more in depth on the pathophysiology of a disease. Here we provide an overview of each innate immunity-producing IL-17 cell subset and their respective role in disease pathogeny at the current level of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosine
- Unité Mixte AP-HP/Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Immunoregulation Unit, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- Unité Mixte AP-HP/Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Immunoregulation Unit, Paris, France.,Paris University, Department of Rheumatology-Hôpital Cochin. Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, EULAR Center of Excellence, Paris, France
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18
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King CA, Wegman AD, Endy TP. Mobilization and Activation of the Innate Immune Response to Dengue Virus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:574417. [PMID: 33224897 PMCID: PMC7670994 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.574417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus is an important human pathogen, infecting an estimated 400 million individuals per year and causing symptomatic disease in a subset of approximately 100 million. Much of the effort to date describing the host response to dengue has focused on the adaptive immune response, in part because of the well-established roles of antibody-dependent enhancement and T cell original sin as drivers of severe dengue upon heterotypic secondary infection. However, the innate immune system is a crucial factor in the host response to dengue, as it both governs the fate and vigor of the adaptive immune response, and mediates the acute inflammatory response in tissues. In this review, we discuss the innate inflammatory response to dengue infection, focusing on the role of evolutionarily conserved innate immune cells, their effector functions, and clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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19
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Jo SY, Kim MH, Lee H, Lee SH, Yang WM. Ameliorative and Synergic Effects of Derma-H, a New Herbal Formula, on Allergic Contact Dermatitis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1019. [PMID: 32760271 PMCID: PMC7371928 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is characterized by itching, skin inflammation, and allergic responses caused by release of immunoglobulin E and T helper 2-specific cytokines. The aim of this study is to investigate the ameliorative and synergic effects of herbal formula, Derma-H, containing Astragalus membranaceus Fisch. ex Bunge (AM) and Nepeta tenuifolia Benth (NT) which have been used as traditional medicinal herbs for the cure of dryness, edema, and pruritus. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was applied for ACD induction. AM, NT, and a mixture of AM and NT was topically applied to skin lesions for 11 days. Dermatitis score and number of scratches were significantly diminished in AM, NT, and AM + NT (Derma-H)-treated groups. Especially, Derma-H was more effective than single treatment of AM and NT on skin hyperplasia and mast cell infiltration. Also, NGF expression decreased by NT and a mixture of AM and NT. Additionally, series of TrkA, Raf-1, MEK, and ERK were significantly inhibited by topical AM and NT application. Those findings suggested AM and NT treatment has a synergic effect on DNCB-induced ACD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Yeon Jo
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Hye Kim
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haesu Lee
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Haeng Lee
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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20
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Szczuko M, Palma J, Kikut J, Komorniak N, Ziętek M. Changes of lipoxin levels during pregnancy and the monthly-cycle, condition the normal course of pregnancy or pathology. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:869-881. [PMID: 32488315 PMCID: PMC7395003 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The purpose of the review was to gather information on the role and possibilities of using lipoxin in the treatment of infertility and maintaining a normal pregnancy. Ovulation, menstruation, embryo implantation, and childbirth are reactions representing short-term inflammatory events involving lipoxin activities. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an arachidonic acid metabolite, and in cooperation with its positional isomer lipoxin B4 (LXB4), it is a major lipoxin in mammals. Biosynthesis process occurs in two stages: in the first step, the donor cell releases the eicosanoid intermediate; secondarily, the acceptor cell gets and converts the intermediate product into LXA4 (leukocyte/platelet interaction). RESULTS Generating lipoxin synthesis may also be triggered by salicylic acid, which acetylates cyclooxygenase-2. Lipoxin A4 and its analogues are considered as specialized pro-resolving mediators. LXA4 is an important component for a proper menstrual cycle, embryo implantation, pregnancy, and delivery. Its level in the luteal phase is high, while in the follicular phase, it decreases, which coincides with an increase in estradiol concentration with which it competes for the receptor. LXA4 inhibits the progression of endometriosis. However, during the peri-implantation period, before pregnancy is confirmed clinically, high levels of LXA4 can contribute to early pregnancy loss and may cause miscarriage. After implantation, insufficient LXA4 levels contribute to incorrect maternal vessel remodeling; decreased, shallow trophoblastic invasion; and the immuno-energetic abnormality of the placenta, which negatively affects fetal growth and the maintenance of pregnancy. Moreover, the level of LXA4 increases in the final stages of pregnancy, allowing vessel remodeling and placental separation. METHODS The review evaluates the literature published in the PubMed and Embase database up to 31 December 2019. The passwords were checked on terms: lipoxin and pregnancy with combined endometriosis, menstrual cycle, implantation, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm labor. CONCLUSIONS Although no human studies have been performed so far, the cell and animal model study results suggest that LXA4 will be used in obstetrics and gynecology soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Justyna Kikut
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Komorniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Ziętek
- Department of Perinatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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21
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Alim MA, Peterson M, Pejler G. Do Mast Cells Have a Role in Tendon Healing and Inflammation? Cells 2020; 9:cells9051134. [PMID: 32375419 PMCID: PMC7290807 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the links between the tendon healing process, inflammatory mechanisms, and tendon homeostasis/pain after tissue damage is crucial in developing novel therapeutics for human tendon disorders. The inflammatory mechanisms that are operative in response to tendon injury are not fully understood, but it has been suggested that inflammation occurring in response to nerve signaling, i.e., neurogenic inflammation, has a pathogenic role. The mechanisms driving such neurogenic inflammation are presently not clear. However, it has recently been demonstrated that mast cells present within the injured tendon can express glutamate receptors, raising the possibility that mast cells may be sensitive to glutamate signaling and thereby modulate neurogenic inflammation following tissue injury. In this review, we discuss the role of mast cells in the communication with peripheral nerves, and their emerging role in tendon healing and inflammation after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Alim
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, General Medicine, Uppsala University, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Magnus Peterson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, General Medicine, Uppsala University, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Academic Primary Health Care, Region Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (G.P.)
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22
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Galli SJ, Metz M, Starkl P, Marichal T, Tsai M. Mast cells and IgE in defense against lethality of venoms: Possible "benefit" of allergy[]. ALLERGO JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 2020; 29:46-62. [PMID: 33224714 PMCID: PMC7673288 DOI: 10.1007/s40629-020-00118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Physicians think of mast cells and IgE primarily in the context of allergic disorders, including fatal anaphylaxis. This 'bad side' of mast cells and IgE is so well accepted that it can be difficult to think of them in other contexts, particularly those in which they may have beneficial functions. However, there is evidence that mast cells and IgE, as well as basophils (circulating granulocytes whose functions partially overlap with those of mast cells), can contribute to host defense as components of adaptive type 2 immune responses to helminths, ticks and certain other parasites. Accordingly, allergies often are conceptualized as "misdirected" type 2 immune responses, in which IgE antibodies are produced against any of a diverse group of apparently harmless antigens, and against components of animal venoms. Indeed, certain unfortunate patients who have become sensitized to venoms develop severe IgE-associated allergic reactions, including fatal anaphylaxis, upon subsequent venom exposure. In this review, we will describe evidence that mast cells can enhance innate resistance, and survival, to challenge with reptile or arthropod venoms during a first exposure to such venoms. We also will discuss findings indicating that, in mice surviving an initial encounter with venom, acquired type 2 immune responses, IgE antibodies, the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), and mast cells can contribute to acquired resistance to the lethal effects of both honeybee venom and Russell's viper venom. These findings support the hypothesis that mast cells and IgE can help protect the host against venoms and perhaps other noxious substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Galli
- Department of Pathology and the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305; USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305; USA
| | - Martin Metz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Starkl
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine 1, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Marichal
- GIGA-Research and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology and the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305; USA
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23
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Hallgren J, Hellman L, Maurer M, Nilsson GP, Wernersson S, Åbrink M, Pejler G. Novel aspects of mast cell and basophil function: Highlights from the 9th meeting of the European Mast Cell and Basophil Research Network (EMBRN)-A Marcus Wallenberg Symposium. Allergy 2020; 75:707-708. [PMID: 31557323 PMCID: PMC7079128 DOI: 10.1111/all.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hallgren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lars Hellman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Gunnar P. Nilsson
- Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Sara Wernersson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Magnus Åbrink
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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24
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Galli SJ, Metz M, Starkl P, Marichal T, Tsai M. Mast cells and IgE in defense against lethality of venoms: Possible "benefit" of allergy*. ALLERGO JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s15007-020-0746-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Recent progress on pathophysiology, inflammation and defense mechanism of mast cells against invading microbes: inhibitory effect of IL-37. Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 44:447-454. [PMID: 32140058 PMCID: PMC7050054 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2019.92807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) have historically been considered masters of allergy, but there is substantial evidence supporting their contribution to tissue microorganism clearance. Their activation through the cross-linking of bound IgE provokes mast cell degranulation and activates tyrosine kinase (Syk and Lyn), leading to cytokine/chemokine generation and release. Current consensus holds that mast cells participate in the body’s defense against numerous pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites, but also contribute to the inflammatory response induced by these biological agents. In the light of the latest findings, we describe the cross-talk between mast cells and pathogenic microorganisms. This review summarizes our current understanding of the host immune response, with emphasis on the roles of MCs and the cytokine/chemokine network in provoking inflammation and generating protective immunity. This review addresses the ability of microorganisms to activate MCs provoking inflammation. We describe some MC-specific biological activities related to infections and discuss the evidence of MC mechanisms involved in the microbial activation which cause cytokine/chemokine generation-mediated inflammation, and provide a description of novel functions of mast cells during microbial infection. Interleukin (IL)-37 binds the α chain of the IL-18 receptor and suppresses MyD88-mediated inflammatory responses. IL-37 plays a pathological role in certain infections by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 and TNF. Here we report the interrelationship between IL-37, inflammatory cytokines and mast cells. Our report offers opportunities for the design of new therapeutic interventions in inflamed tissue induced by microorganism infections, acting on manipulation of mast cells and/or inflammatory cytokine blockage.
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26
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Bertoldo BB, Etchebehere RM, Furtado TCDS, Faria JBD, Silva CB, Araújo MFD, Rodrigues DBR, Pereira SADL. Lingual salivary gland hypertrophy and decreased acinar density in chagasic patients without megaesophagus. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e67. [PMID: 31859844 PMCID: PMC6907416 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the salivary glands present several functions, there are few studies evaluating these glands in Chagas disease (CD). This study aimed to compare the percentage of collagen, the presence of inflammation, the density of chimase and tryptase mast cells, the area and density of lingual salivary gland acini in autopsied individuals with and without (CD). We analyzed 400 autopsy reports performed in a tertiary public hospital from 1999 to 2015 and selected all the cases in which tongue fragments were collected (27 cases), 12 with chronic CD without megaesophagus (CH) and 15 without CD (non-chagasic - NC). The histological sections of the tongue were stained by Picrosirius red for collagen evaluation and Hematoxylin-eosin for morphometric evaluation of salivary gland acini and inflammation. Anti-chimase and anti-tryptase antibodies were used for the immunohistochemical evaluation of mast cells. The chagasic patients presented higher volume and lower density of salivary glands acini. There was no difference in the collagen percentage, inflammation and density of mast cell chymase and tryptase between the groups. Although we did not observe a significant difference between the groups regarding the collagen percentage, inflammatory process and mast cell density, our results suggest that even without megaesophagus, chagasic patients present hypertrophy of the lingual salivary glands and lower acinar density probably due to mechanisms independent of the esophagus-glandular stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Bellocchio Bertoldo
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Margarida Etchebehere
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Barbosa de Faria
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camilla Beatriz Silva
- Universidade de Uberaba, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcia Fernandes de Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade de Uberaba, Programa de Mestrado em Odontologia, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade de Uberaba, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Centro de Educação Profissional (Cefores), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sanivia Aparecida de Lima Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade de Uberaba, Programa de Mestrado em Odontologia, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade de Uberaba, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Centro de Educação Profissional (Cefores), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Trias E, Kovacs M, King PH, Si Y, Kwon Y, Varela V, Ibarburu S, Moura IC, Hermine O, Beckman JS, Barbeito L. Schwann cells orchestrate peripheral nerve inflammation through the expression of CSF1, IL-34, and SCF in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Glia 2019; 68:1165-1181. [PMID: 31859421 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Distal axonopathy is a recognized pathological feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In the peripheral nerves of ALS patients, motor axon loss elicits a Wallerian-like degeneration characterized by denervated Schwann cells (SCs) together with immune cell infiltration. However, the pathogenic significance of denervated SCs accumulating following impaired axonal growth in ALS remains unclear. Here, we analyze SC phenotypes in sciatic nerves of ALS patients and paralytic SOD1G93A rats, and identify remarkably similar and specific reactive SC phenotypes based on the pattern of S100β, GFAP, isolectin and/or p75NTR immunoreactivity. Different subsets of reactive SCs expressed colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) and Interleukin-34 (IL-34) and closely interacted with numerous endoneurial CSF-1R-expressing monocyte/macrophages, suggesting a paracrine mechanism of myeloid cell expansion and activation. SCs bearing phagocytic phenotypes as well as endoneurial macrophages expressed stem cell factor (SCF), a trophic factor that attracts and activates mast cells through the c-Kit receptor. Notably, a subpopulation of Ki67+ SCs expressed c-Kit in the sciatic nerves of SOD1G93A rats, suggesting a signaling pathway that fuels SC proliferation in ALS. c-Kit+ mast cells were also abundant in the sciatic nerve from ALS donors but not in controls. Pharmacological inhibition of CSF-1R and c-Kit with masitinib in SOD1G93A rats potently reduced SC reactivity and immune cell infiltration in the sciatic nerve and ventral roots, suggesting a mechanism by which the drug ameliorates peripheral nerve pathology. These findings provide strong evidence for a previously unknown inflammatory mechanism triggered by SCs in ALS peripheral nerves that has broad application in developing novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ying Si
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yuri Kwon
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - Ivan C Moura
- Imagine Institute, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL 8254, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Equipe Labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL 8254, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Equipe Labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France.,AB Science, Paris, France.,Department of Hematology, Necker Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre national de référence des mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Paris, France
| | - Joseph S Beckman
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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Renga G, Moretti S, Oikonomou V, Borghi M, Zelante T, Paolicelli G, Costantini C, De Zuani M, Villella VR, Raia V, Del Sordo R, Bartoli A, Baldoni M, Renauld JC, Sidoni A, Garaci E, Maiuri L, Pucillo C, Romani L. IL-9 and Mast Cells Are Key Players of Candida albicans Commensalism and Pathogenesis in the Gut. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1767-1778. [PMID: 29742432 PMCID: PMC5976578 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is implicated in intestinal diseases. Identifying host signatures that discriminate between the pathogenic versus commensal nature of this human commensal is clinically relevant. In the present study, we identify IL-9 and mast cells (MCs) as key players of Candida commensalism and pathogenicity. By inducing TGF-β in stromal MCs, IL-9 pivotally contributes to mucosal immune tolerance via the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme. However, Candida-driven IL-9 and mucosal MCs also contribute to barrier function loss, dissemination, and inflammation in experimental leaky gut models and are upregulated in patients with celiac disease. Inflammatory dysbiosis occurs with IL-9 and MC deficiency, indicating that the activity of IL-9 and MCs may go beyond host immunity to include regulation of the microbiota. Thus, the output of the IL-9/MC axis is highly contextual during Candida colonization and reveals how host immunity and the microbiota finely tune Candida behavior in the gut. IL-9/IL-9R signaling affects MC function in mucosal candidiasis IL-9 and mucosal MCs contribute to barrier function loss in leaky gut models IL-9 and stromal MCs induce local protective tolerance in infection via IDO1 IL-9 and mucosal MCs expand and IDO1 decreases in human celiac disease
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Renga
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Vasilis Oikonomou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Borghi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Teresa Zelante
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolicelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco De Zuani
- Department of Medical and Biological Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Valeria Rachela Villella
- European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Raia
- Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rachele Del Sordo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Monia Baldoni
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Sidoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Enrico Garaci
- San Raffaele Pisana, IRCCS, Telematic University and University of Tor Vergata, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Maiuri
- European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Pucillo
- Department of Medical and Biological Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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Kim YY, Lee S, Jang HJ, Hur G, Lee SW, Jung K, Lee SJ, Kim SH, Rho MC. Cynanchum atratum Ameliorates Airway Inflammation via Maintaining Alveolar Barrier and Regulating Mast Cell-Mediated Inflammatory Responses. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1795-1814. [PMID: 31795744 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common allergic airway inflammatory disease, characterized by abnormal breathing due to bronchial inflammation. Asthma aggravates the patient's quality of life and needs continuous pharmacological treatment. Therefore, discovery of drugs for the treatment of asthma is an important area of human health. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether Cynanchum atratum extract (CAE) modulates the asthma-like allergic airway inflammation and to study its possible mechanism of action using ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice, as well as a mast cell-based in vitro model. The histological analysis showed that CAE reduced the airway constriction and immune cell infiltration. CAE also inhibited release of β-hexosaminidase and expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissues. In addition, CAE reduced the OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E, total IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a levels in the serum. In the LPS-induced ALI model, CAE suppressed the LPS-induced lung barrier dysfunction and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Because allergic airway inflammatory responses are associated with the activation of mast cells, RBL-2H3 cells were used to evaluate the underlying mechanism of CAE effects. In RBL-2H3 cells, CAE down-regulated release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine by reducing the intracellular calcium influx. In addition, CAE suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB. Taken together, our findings suggest that CAE may help in the prevention or treatment of airway inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Yong Kim
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.,CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jae Jang
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayeong Hur
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woong Lee
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Chual Rho
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
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30
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Madjene LC, Danelli L, Dahdah A, Vibhushan S, Bex-Coudrat J, Pacreau E, Vaugier C, Claver J, Rolas L, Pons M, Madera-Salcedo IK, Beghdadi W, El Ghoneimi A, Benhamou M, Launay P, Abrink M, Pejler G, Moura IC, Charles N, Daugas E, Perianin A, Blank U. Mast cell chymase protects against acute ischemic kidney injury by limiting neutrophil hyperactivation and recruitment. Kidney Int 2019; 97:516-527. [PMID: 31866111 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigated the role of murine mast cell protease 4 (MCPT4), the functional counterpart of human mast cell chymase, in an experimental model of renal ischemia reperfusion injury, a major cause of acute kidney injury. MCPT4-deficient mice had worsened kidney function compared to wildtype mice. MCPT4 absence exacerbated pathologic neutrophil infiltration in the kidney and increased kidney myeloperoxidase expression, cell death and necrosis. In kidneys with ischemia reperfusion injury, when compared to wildtype mice, MCPT4-deficient mice showed increased surface expression of adhesion molecules necessary for leukocyte extravasation including neutrophil CD162 and endothelial cell CD54. In vitro, human chymase mediated the cleavage of neutrophil expressed CD162 and also CD54, P- and E-Selectin expressed on human glomerular endothelial cells. MCPT4 also dampened systemic neutrophil activation after renal ischemia reperfusion injury as neutrophils expressed more CD11b integrin and produced more reactive oxygen species in MCPT4-deficient mice. Accordingly, after renal injury, neutrophil migration to an inflammatory site distal from the kidney was increased in MCPT4-deficient versus wildtype mice. Thus, contrary to the described overall aggravating role of mast cells, one granule-released mediator, the MCPT4 chymase, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory function in renal ischemia reperfusion injury by controlling neutrophil extravasation and activation thereby limiting associated damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Celia Madjene
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Luca Danelli
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Albert Dahdah
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Shamila Vibhushan
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Julie Bex-Coudrat
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Emeline Pacreau
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Celine Vaugier
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France; CNRS ERL 8254, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France
| | - Julien Claver
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Rolas
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Maguelonne Pons
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Iris Karina Madera-Salcedo
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Walid Beghdadi
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Alaa El Ghoneimi
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France; Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Hopital Robert Debré, APHP, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marc Benhamou
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Magnus Abrink
- Immunology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, VHC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivan Cruz Moura
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France; CNRS ERL 8254, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Charles
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France; Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Universitaire Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Axel Perianin
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Blank
- Center of Research on Inflammation, Inserm UMRS-1149, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, CNRS ERL 8252, Paris, France; Center of Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France.
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31
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Santosh Martin S, Rabelo Melo F, Pejler G. The Absence of Tryptase Mcpt6 Causes Elevated Cellular Stress in Response to Modulation of the Histone Acetylation Status in Mast Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101190. [PMID: 31581668 PMCID: PMC6829390 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells contain large amounts of proteases stored within their secretory granules. Previously we showed that one of these proteases, tryptase, in addition to its location within granules, can also be found within the mast cell nucleus, where it has the capacity to affect the acetylation profile of nucleosomal core histones in aging cells. Based on this notion, and on the known sensitivity of mast cells to modulation of histone acetylation, we here asked whether tryptase could impact on the responses against cellular stress caused by disturbed histone acetylation status. To address this, wild-type and tryptase-deficient (Mcpt6−/−) mast cells were subjected to cell stress caused by trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Wild-type and Mcpt6−/− mast cells were equally sensitive to TSA at an early stage of culture (~8 weeks). However, in aging mast cells (>50 weeks), tryptase-deficiency led to increased sensitivity to cell death. To address the underlying mechanism, we assessed effects of tryptase deficiency on the expression of markers for proliferation and cell stress. These analyses revealed aberrant regulation of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, glutaredoxin, and glutathione reductase, as well as blunted upregulation of ribonucleotide reductase subunit R2 in response to TSA in aging cells. Moreover, the absence of tryptase led to increased expression of Psme4/PA200, a proteasome variant involved in the processing of acetylated core histones. Altogether, this study identifies a novel role for tryptase in regulating the manifestations of cell stress in aging mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastin Santosh Martin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Fabio Rabelo Melo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Kesäniemi J, Jernfors T, Lavrinienko A, Kivisaari K, Kiljunen M, Mappes T, Watts PC. Exposure to environmental radionuclides is associated with altered metabolic and immunity pathways in a wild rodent. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:4620-4635. [PMID: 31498518 PMCID: PMC6900138 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wildlife inhabiting environments contaminated by radionuclides face putative detrimental effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, with biomarkers such as an increase in DNA damage and/or oxidative stress commonly associated with radiation exposure. To examine the effects of exposure to radiation on gene expression in wildlife, we conducted a de novo RNA sequencing study of liver and spleen tissues from a rodent, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. Bank voles were collected from the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), where animals were exposed to elevated levels of radionuclides, and from uncontaminated areas near Kyiv, Ukraine. Counter to expectations, we did not observe a strong DNA damage response in animals exposed to radionuclides, although some signs of oxidative stress were identified. Rather, exposure to environmental radionuclides was associated with upregulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation in the livers - an apparent shift in energy metabolism. Moreover, using stable isotope analysis, we identified that fur from bank voles inhabiting the CEZ had enriched isotope values of nitrogen: such an increase is consistent with increased fatty acid metabolism, but also could arise from a difference in diet or habitat between the CEZ and elsewhere. In livers and spleens, voles inhabiting the CEZ were characterized by immunosuppression, such as impaired antigen processing, and activation of leucocytes involved in inflammatory responses. In conclusion, exposure to low dose environmental radiation impacts pathways associated with immunity and lipid metabolism, potentially as a stress-induced coping mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Kesäniemi
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Toni Jernfors
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anton Lavrinienko
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kati Kivisaari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mikko Kiljunen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tapio Mappes
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Phillip C Watts
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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33
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Parrella E, Porrini V, Benarese M, Pizzi M. The Role of Mast Cells in Stroke. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050437. [PMID: 31083342 PMCID: PMC6562540 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are densely granulated perivascular resident cells of hematopoietic origin. Through the release of preformed mediators stored in their granules and newly synthesized molecules, they are able to initiate, modulate, and prolong the immune response upon activation. Their presence in the central nervous system (CNS) has been documented for more than a century. Over the years, MCs have been associated with various neuroinflammatory conditions of CNS, including stroke. They can exacerbate CNS damage in models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke by amplifying the inflammatory responses and promoting brain–blood barrier disruption, brain edema, extravasation, and hemorrhage. Here, we review the role of these peculiar cells in the pathophysiology of stroke, in both immature and adult brain. Further, we discuss the role of MCs as potential targets for the treatment of stroke and the compounds potentially active as MCs modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Parrella
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Porrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marina Benarese
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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34
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Nijkang NP, Anderson L, Markham R, Manconi F. Endometrial polyps: Pathogenesis, sequelae and treatment. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119848247. [PMID: 31105939 PMCID: PMC6501471 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119848247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial polyps are overgrowths of endometrial glands that typically protrude into the uterine cavity. Endometrial polyps are benign in nature and affect both reproductive age and postmenopausal women. Although endometrial polyps are relatively common and may be accompanied by abnormally heavy bleeding at menstruation. In asymptomatic women, endometrial polyps may regress spontaneously, in symptomatic women endometrial polyps can be treated safely and efficiently with hysteroscopic excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njume Peter Nijkang
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lyndal Anderson
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Markham
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank Manconi
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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35
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Derbala Y, Elazzamy H, Bilal M, Reed R, Salazar Garcia MD, Skariah A, Dambaeva S, Fernandez E, Germain A, Gilman‐Sachs A, Beaman K, Kwak‐Kim J. Mast cell–induced immunopathology in recurrent pregnancy losses. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 82:e13128. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Derbala
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Haidy Elazzamy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Mahmood Bilal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Rachel Reed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Maria Dinorah Salazar Garcia
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Annie Skariah
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Svetlana Dambaeva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | | | | | - Alice Gilman‐Sachs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Kenneth Beaman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
| | - Joanne Kwak‐Kim
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois
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36
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Murata A, Hikosaka M, Yoshino M, Zhou L, Hayashi SI. Kit-independent mast cell adhesion mediated by Notch. Int Immunol 2019; 31:69-79. [PMID: 30299470 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kit/CD117 plays a crucial role in the cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion of mammalian mast cells (MCs); however, it is unclear whether other adhesion molecule(s) perform important roles in the adhesion of MCs. In the present study, we show a novel Kit-independent adhesion mechanism of mouse cultured MCs mediated by Notch family members. On stromal cells transduced with each Notch ligand gene, Kit and its signaling become dispensable for the entire adhesion process of MCs from tethering to spreading. The Notch-mediated spreading of adherent MCs involves the activation of signaling via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases and mitogen-activated protein kinases, similar to Kit-mediated spreading. Despite the activation of the same signaling pathways, while Kit supports the adhesion and survival of MCs, Notch only supports adhesion. Thus, Notch family members are specialized adhesion molecules for MCs that effectively replace the adhesion function of Kit in order to support the interaction of MCs with the surrounding cellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Murata
- Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Mari Hikosaka
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Miya Yoshino
- Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shin-Ichi Hayashi
- Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
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37
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Gross AR, Theoharides TC. Chondroitin sulfate inhibits secretion of TNF and CXCL8 from human mast cells stimulated by IL-33. Biofactors 2019; 45:49-61. [PMID: 30521103 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, highly negatively charged carbohydrate chains present in connective tissues. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparin (Hep) are also found in the numerous secretory granules of mast cells (MC), tissue immune cells involved in allergic and inflammatory reactions. CS and Hep may inhibit secretion of histamine from rat connective tissue MC, but their effect on human MC remains unknown. Human LAD2 MC were pre-incubated with CS, Hep, or dermatan sulfate (DS) before being stimulated by either the peptide substance P (SP, 2 μM) or the cytokine IL-33 (10 ng/mL). Preincubation with CS had no effect on MC degranulation stimulated by SP, but inhibited TNF (60%) and CXCL8 (45%) secretion from LAD2 cells stimulated by IL-33. Fluorescein-conjugated CS (CS-F) was internalized by LAD2 cells only at 37 °C, but not 4 °C, indicating it occurred by endocytosis. DS and Hep inhibited IL-33-stimulated secretion of TNF and CXCL8 to a similar extent as CS. None of the GAGs tested inhibited IL-33-stimulated gene expression of either TNF or CXCL8. There was no effect of CS on ionomycin-stimulated calcium influx. There was also no effect of CS on surface expression of the IL-33 receptor, ST2. Neutralization of the hyaluronan receptor CD44 did not affect the internalization of CS-F. The findings in this article show that CS inhibits secretion of TNF and CXCL8 from human cultured MC stimulated by IL-33. CS could be formulated for systemic or topical treatment of allergic or inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, cutaneous mastocytosis, and psoriasis. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):49-61, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Gross
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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38
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Role of Zinc Signaling in the Regulation of Mast Cell-, Basophil-, and T Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5749120. [PMID: 30596108 PMCID: PMC6286780 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5749120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is essential for maintaining normal structure and physiological function of cells. Its deficiency causes growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and neuronal degeneration. Zinc homeostasis is tightly regulated by zinc transporters and metallothioneins that control zinc concentration and its distribution in individual cells and contributes to zinc signaling. The intracellular zinc signaling regulates immune reactions. Although many molecules involved in these processes have zinc-binding motifs, the molecular mechanisms and the role of zinc in immune responses have not been elucidated. We and others have demonstrated that zinc signaling plays diverse and specific roles in vivo and in vitro in studies using knockout mice lacking zinc transporter function and metallothionein function. In this review, we discuss the impact of zinc signaling focusing particularly on mast cell-, basophil-, and T cell-mediated inflammatory and allergic responses. We also describe zinc signaling dysregulation as a leading health problem in inflammatory disease and allergy.
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39
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Ngo Nyekel F, Pacreau E, Benadda S, Msallam R, Åbrink M, Pejler G, Davoust J, Benhamou M, Charles N, Launay P, Blank U, Gautier G. Mast Cell Degranulation Exacerbates Skin Rejection by Enhancing Neutrophil Recruitment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2690. [PMID: 30515167 PMCID: PMC6255985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences indicate an important role of tissue inflammatory responses by innate immune cells in allograft acceptance and survival. Here we investigated the role of mast cells (MC) in an acute male to female skin allograft rejection model using red MC and basophil (RMB) mice enabling conditional MC depletion. Kinetic analysis showed that MCs markedly accelerate skin rejection. They induced an early inflammatory response through degranulation and boosted local synthesis of KC, MIP-2, and TNF. This enhanced early neutrophil infiltration compared to a female-female graft-associated repair response. The uncontrolled neutrophil influx accelerated rejection as antibody-mediated depletion of neutrophils delayed skin rejection. Administration of cromolyn, a MC stabilizer and to a lesser extent ketotifen, a histamine type I receptor antagonist, and absence of MCPT4 chymase also delayed graft rejection. Together our data indicate that mediators contained in secretory granules of MC promote an inflammatory response with enhanced neutrophil infiltration that accelerate graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavie Ngo Nyekel
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Emeline Pacreau
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Samira Benadda
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Rasha Msallam
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS, UMR8253, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Magnus Åbrink
- Section of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, VHC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jean Davoust
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS, UMR8253, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marc Benhamou
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Charles
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Blank
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Gregory Gautier
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire D'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
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40
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Krajewski D, Kaczenski E, Rovatti J, Polukort S, Thompson C, Dollard C, Ser-Dolansky J, Schneider SS, Kinney SRM, Mathias CB. Epigenetic Regulation via Altered Histone Acetylation Results in Suppression of Mast Cell Function and Mast Cell-Mediated Food Allergic Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2414. [PMID: 30405614 PMCID: PMC6206211 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are highly versatile cells that perform a variety of functions depending on the immune trigger, context of activation, and cytokine stimulus. Antigen-mediated mast cell responses are regulated by transcriptional processes that result in the induction of numerous genes contributing to mast cell function. Recently, we also showed that exposure to dietary agents with known epigenetic actions such as curcumin can suppress mast cell-mediated food allergy, suggesting that mast cell responses in vivo may be epigenetically regulated. To further assess the effects of epigenetic modifications on mast cell function, we examined the behavior of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) in response to trichostatin A (TSA) treatment, a well-studied histone deacetylase inhibitor. IgE-mediated BMMC activation resulted in enhanced expression and secretion of IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-13. In contrast, pretreatment with TSA resulted in altered cytokine secretion. This was accompanied by decreased expression of FcεRI and mast cell degranulation. Interestingly, exposure to non-IgE stimuli such as IL-33, was also affected by TSA treatment. Furthermore, continuous TSA exposure contributed to mast cell apoptosis and a decrease in survival. Further examination revealed an increase in I-κBα and a decrease in phospho-relA levels in TSA-treated BMMCs, suggesting that TSA alters transcriptional processes, resulting in enhancement of I-κBα transcription and decreased NF-κB activation. Lastly, treatment of wild-type mice with TSA in a model of ovalbumin-induced food allergy resulted in a significant attenuation in the development of food allergy symptoms including decreases in allergic diarrhea and mast cell activation. These data therefore suggest that the epigenetic regulation of mast cell activation during immune responses may occur via altered histone acetylation, and that exposure to dietary substances may induce epigenetic modifications that modulate mast cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Krajewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Edwin Kaczenski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Rovatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie Polukort
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Chelsea Thompson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Catherine Dollard
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States.,Northampton High School, Northampton, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer Ser-Dolansky
- Baystate Medical Center, Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Sallie S Schneider
- Baystate Medical Center, Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Shannon R M Kinney
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Clinton B Mathias
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
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41
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Ayers LW, Barbachano-Guerrero A, McAllister SC, Ritchie JA, Asiago-Reddy E, Bartlett LC, Cesarman E, Wang D, Rochford R, Martin JN, King CA. Mast Cell Activation and KSHV Infection in Kaposi Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5085-5097. [PMID: 30084838 PMCID: PMC6191350 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular tumor initiated by infection of endothelial cells (ECs) with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). KS is dependent on sustained proinflammatory signals provided by intralesional leukocytes and continued infection of new ECs. However, the sources of these cytokines and infectious virus within lesions are not fully understood. Here, mast cells (MCs) are identified as proinflammatory cells within KS lesions that are permissive for, and activated by, infection with KSHV.Experimental Design: Three validated MC lines were used to assess permissivity of MCs to infection with KSHV and to evaluate MCs activation following infection. Biopsies from 31 AIDS-KS cases and 11 AIDS controls were evaluated by IHC for the presence of MCs in KS lesions and assessment of MC activation state and infection with KSHV. Plasma samples from 26 AIDS-KS, 13 classic KS, and 13 healthy adults were evaluated for levels of MC granule contents tryptase and histamine.Results: In culture, MCs supported latent and lytic KSHV infection, and infection-induced MC degranulation. Within KS lesions, MCs were closely associated with spindle cells. Furthermore, MC activation was extensive within patients with KS, reflected by elevated circulating levels of tryptase and a histamine metabolite. One patient with clinical signs of extensive MC activation was treated with antagonists of MC proinflammatory mediators, which resulted in a rapid and durable regression of AIDS-KS lesions.Conclusions: Using complimentary in vitro and in vivo studies we identify MCs as a potential long-lived reservoir for KSHV and a source of proinflammatory mediators within the KS lesional microenvironment. In addition, we identify MC antagonists as a promising novel therapeutic approach for KS. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5085-97. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona W Ayers
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Shane C McAllister
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Julie A Ritchie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | | | - Linda C Bartlett
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Ethel Cesarman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Rosemary Rochford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Jeffrey N Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Christine A King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
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42
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Korkmaz B, Caughey GH, Chapple I, Gauthier F, Hirschfeld J, Jenne DE, Kettritz R, Lalmanach G, Lamort AS, Lauritzen C, Łȩgowska M, Lesner A, Marchand-Adam S, McKaig SJ, Moss C, Pedersen J, Roberts H, Schreiber A, Seren S, Thakker NS. Therapeutic targeting of cathepsin C: from pathophysiology to treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 190:202-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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43
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Hong SH, Ku JM, Kim HI, Lee SJ, Lim YS, Seo HS, Shin YC, Ko SG. Oral administration of Cervus nippon mantchuricus extract suppresses 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in BALB/c mice and inflammatory effects in mast cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2961-2971. [PMID: 30226556 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervus nippon mantchuricus extract, known as nok‑gol (NGE) in Korean, is useful for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including bone resorption and neutropenia. However, NGE has not been widely investigated, and its efficacy and safety remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, histological analysis, blood analysis, reverse transcription‑semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays were performed to verify the inhibitory effect of NGE on atopic dermatitis (AD) in BALB/c mice and on inflammatory effects in HMC‑1 human mast cells. NGE suppressed the development of AD in mice, and decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells, mast cells and CD4+ T cells into AD skin lesions. NGE also decreased leukocyte levels induced by 2,4‑dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). NGE alleviated AD‑like inflammatory symptoms in mice by suppressing the production of CD4+ T cells. NGE downregulated the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by DNCB. It also decreased the serum immunoglobulin E concentration and inflammatory cytokine levels in DNCB‑treated BALB/c mice. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that NGE reduced the phorbol 12‑myristate 13‑acetate + ionomycin‑induced expression of pro‑inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‑4, IL‑13, tumor necrosis factor‑α, and IL‑6 in HMC‑1 cells. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that NGE suppressed the progression of DNCB‑induced AD in BALB/c mice and reduced inflammatory effects in HMC‑1 cells. This suggests that NGE may be a useful drug for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hyang Hong
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mo Ku
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Ji Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seul Lim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Seo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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López-Giraldo A, Cruz T, Molins L, Guirao Á, Saco A, Cuerpo S, Ramirez J, Agustí Á, Faner R. Characterization, localization and comparison of c-Kit+ lung cells in never smokers and smokers with and without COPD. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:123. [PMID: 30064386 PMCID: PMC6066937 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND c-Kit + lung stem cells have been described in the human healthy lung. Their potential relation with smoking and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. METHODS We characterized and compared c-Kit+ cells in lung tissue of 12 never smokers (NS), 15 smokers with normal spirometry (S) and 44 COPD patients who required lung resectional surgery. Flow cytometry (FACS) was used to characterize c-Kit+ cells in fresh lung tissue disaggregates, and immunofluorescence (IF) for further characterization and to determine their location in OCT- embedded lung tissue. RESULTS We identified 4 c-Kit+ cell populations, with similar proportions in NS, S and COPD: (1) By FACS, c-Kithigh/CD45+ cells (4.03 ± 2.97% (NS), 3.96 ± 5.30% (S), and 5.20 ± 3.44% (COPD)). By IF, these cells were tryptase+ (hence, mast cells) and located around the airways; (2) By IF, c-Kitlow/CD45+/triptase- (0.07 ± 0.06 (NS), 0.03 ± 0.02 (S), and 0.06 ± 0.07 (COPD) cells/field), which likely correspond to innate lymphoid cells; (3) By FACS, c-Kitlow/CD45-/CD34+ (0.95 ± 0.84% (NS), 1.14 ± 0.94% (S) and 0.95 ± 1.38% (COPD)). By IF these cells were c-Kitlow/CD45-/CD31+, suggesting an endothelial lineage, and were predominantly located in the alveolar wall; and, (4) by FACS, an infrequent c-Kitlow/CD45-/CD34- population (0.09 ± 0.14% (NS), 0.08 ± 0.09% (S) and 0.08 ± 0.11% (COPD)) compatible with a putative lung stem cell population. Yet, IF failed to detect them and we could not isolate or grow them, thus questioning the existence of c-Kit+ lung stem-cells. CONCLUSIONS The adult human lung contains a mixture of c-Kit+ cells, unlikely to be lung stem cells, which are independent of smoking status and/or presence of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra López-Giraldo
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Cruz
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laureano Molins
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela Guirao
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Saco
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Cuerpo
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Ramirez
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvar Agustí
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Faner
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,, Barcelona, Spain.
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45
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Anderson E, Stavenhagen K, Kolarich D, Sommerhoff CP, Maurer M, Metz M. Human Mast Cell Tryptase Is a Potential Treatment for Snakebite Envenoming Across Multiple Snake Species. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1532. [PMID: 30038613 PMCID: PMC6047305 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake envenoming is a serious and neglected public health crisis that is responsible for as many as 125,000 deaths per year, which is one of the reasons the World Health Organization has recently reinstated snakebite envenoming to its list of category A neglected tropical diseases. Here, we investigated the ability of human mast cell proteases to detoxify six venoms from a spectrum of phylogenetically distinct snakes. To this end, we developed a zebrafish model to assess effects on the toxicity of the venoms and characterized the degradation of venom proteins by mass spectrometry. All snake venoms tested were detoxified by degradation of various venom proteins by the mast cell protease tryptase β, and not by other proteases. Our data show that recombinant human tryptase β degrades and detoxifies a phylogenetically wide range of venoms, indicating that recombinant human tryptase could possibly be developed as a universal antidote to venomous snakebites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Anderson
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel Kolarich
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian P. Sommerhoff
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Metz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Costa MB, Mimura KKO, Freitas AA, Hungria EM, Sousa ALOM, Oliani SM, Stefani MMA. Mast cell heterogeneity and anti-inflammatory annexin A1 expression in leprosy skin lesions. Microb Pathog 2018; 118:277-284. [PMID: 29605649 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) have important immunoregulatory roles in skin inflammation. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is an endogenous anti-inflammatory protein that can be expressed by mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, epithelial and T cells. This study investigated MCs heterogeneity and ANXA1 expression in human dermatoses with special emphasis in leprosy. Sixty one skin biopsies from 2 groups were investigated: 40 newly diagnosed untreated leprosy patients (18 reaction-free, 11 type 1 reaction/T1R, 11 type 2 reaction/T2R); 21 patients with other dermatoses. Tryptase/try+ and chymase/chy + phenotypic markers and toluidine blue stained intact/degranulated MC counts/mm2 were evaluated. Try+/chy+ MCs and ANXA1 were identified by streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase immunostaining and density was reported. In leprosy, degranulated MCs outnumbered intact ones regardless of the leprosy form (from tuberculoid/TT to lepromatous/LL), leprosy reactions (reactional/reaction-free) and type of reaction (T1R/T2R). Compared to other dermatoses, leprosy skin lesions showed lower numbers of degranulated and intact MCs. Try+ MCs outnumbered chy+ in leprosy lesions (reaction-free/reactional, particularly in T2R), but not in other dermatoses. Compared to other dermatoses, ANXA1 expression, which is also expressed in mast cells, was higher in the epidermis of leprosy skin lesions, independently of reactional episode. In leprosy, higher MC degranulation and differential expression of try+/chy+ subsets independent of leprosy type and reaction suggest that the Mycobacterium leprae infection itself dictates the inflammatory MCs activation in skin lesions. Higher expression of ANXA1 in leprosy suggests its potential anti-inflammatory role to maintain homeostasis preventing tissue and nerve damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício B Costa
- Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Kallyne K O Mimura
- Department of Biology, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline A Freitas
- Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Emerith M Hungria
- Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia O M Sousa
- Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Sonia M Oliani
- Department of Biology, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane M A Stefani
- Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
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Abstract
Pain is a complex subjective experience, associated with neurovegetative, affective and cognitive rapid changes. Biological, psychosocial and contextual factors may contribute. Chronic inflammation, of whatever cause, is the leading contributor to chronic pain. The mast cell directs both the inflammatory process and the shift to chronic pain, mediating through the production of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and other neurotrophic molecules. Women, in the fertile age, are biologically more vulnerable to chronic inflammation, as fluctuations of estrogens are agonist factors of mast cells degranulation, mostly in the premenstrual phase. Pain is defined as “nociceptive” when it indicates an ongoing damage; “neuropathic” when it becomes a disease per se. Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) indicates an invalidating, persistent or recurrent pelvic pain, persisting for more than 6 months. CPP is the main complaint of 10–15% of gynaecologic consultations, leading to 40% of diagnostic laparoscopies and 15% of hysterectomies. Comorbidity, i.e. the coexistence of pathologies and painful syndromes in different pelvic organs, is another common feature. Cystitis, vulvar vestibulitis, endometriosis, irritable bowel syndrome all play an important role and contribute to identifying the hyperactive mast cell and related chronic inflammation as the common pathophysiologic factor. The paper reviews nociception characteristics, the emerging role of mast cells, the pathophysiology of comorbidity, biological, psychosexual and contextual predictors, and stresses the need to move from a “hyperspecialistic” perspective to a multisystemic reading of CPP, with special attention to the urologic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Graziottin
- Centro di Ginecologia e Sessuologia Medica, “H. San Raffaele Resnati”, Milano
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The Secretory Response of Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells on Exposure to Mineral Fibers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15010104. [PMID: 29320402 PMCID: PMC5800203 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to mineral fibers is of substantial relevance to human health. A key event in exposure is the interaction with inflammatory cells and the subsequent generation of pro-inflammatory factors. Mast cells (MCs) have been shown to interact with titanium oxide (TiO₂) and asbestos fibers. In this study, we compared the response of rat peritoneal MCs challenged with the asbestos crocidolite and nanowires of TiO₂ to that induced by wollastonite employed as a control fiber. METHODS Rat peritoneal MCs (RPMCs), isolated from peritoneal lavage, were incubated in the presence of mineral fibers. The quantities of secreted enzymes were evaluated together with the activity of fiber-associated enzymes. The ultrastructural morphology of fiber-interacting RPMCs was analyzed with electron microscopy. RESULTS Asbestos and TiO₂ stimulate MC secretion. Secreted enzymes bind to fibers and exhibit higher activity. TiO₂ and wollastonite bind and improve enzyme activity, but to a lesser degree than crocidolite. CONCLUSIONS (1) Mineral fibers are able to stimulate the mast cell secretory process by both active (during membrane interaction) and/or passive (during membrane penetration) interaction; (2) fibers can be found to be associated with secreted enzymes-this process appears to create long-lasting pro-inflammatory environments and may represent the active contribution of MCs in maintaining the inflammatory process; (3) MCs and their enzymes should be considered as a therapeutic target in the pathogenesis of asbestos-induced lung inflammation; and (4) MCs can contribute to the inflammatory effect associated with selected engineered nanomaterials, such as TiO₂ nanoparticles.
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Šteiner I, Stejskal V, Žáček P. Mast cells in calcific aortic stenosis. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:163-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Paolino G, Corsetti P, Moliterni E, Corsetti S, Didona D, Albanesi M, Mattozzi C, Lido P, Calvieri S. Mast cells and cancer. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2017; 154:650-668. [PMID: 29192477 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.17.05818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are a potent proangiogenic factor in tumors, they product several pro-angiogenic factors such as fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), tryptase and chymase. Tryptase is a serine protease classified as α-tryptase and β-tryptase, both produced by MCs. Tryptase degrades the tissues, playing an important role in angiogenesis and in the development of metastases. Serum tryptase increases with age, with increased damage to cells and risk of developing a malignancy and it could be considered the expression of a fundamental role of MCs in tumor growth or, on the contrary, in the antitumor response. Many biomarkers have been developed in clinical practice for improving diagnosis and prognosis of some neoplasms. Elevated tryptase levels are found in subgroups of patients with haematologic and solid cancers. In the current review, we want to update the perspectives of tryptase as a potential biomarker in daily practice in different neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Serena Corsetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy -
| | - Dario Didona
- First Division of Dermatology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Albanesi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Lido
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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