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Gutiérrez-Fernández L, Díez-Pascual AM, San Andrés MP. Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction of Melatonin with Graphene/Clay Mixtures and Fluorescence Analysis in Surfactant Aqueous Solutions. Molecules 2024; 29:2699. [PMID: 38893572 PMCID: PMC11173625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) of melatonin using graphene (G) mixtures with sepiolite (SEP) and bentonite (BEN) clays as sorbents combined with fluorescence detection has been investigated. The retention was found to be quantitative for both G/SEP and G/BEN 4/96 and 10/90 w/w mixtures. G/clay 4/96 w/w mixtures were selected to study the desorption process since the retention was weaker, thus leading to easier desorption. MeOH and aqueous solutions of the nonionic surfactant Brij L23 were tested as desorbents. For both clays and an initial sample volume of 25 mL, a percentage of melatonin recovery close to 100% was obtained using 10 or 25 mL of MeOH as desorbent. Further, using a G/SEP mixture, 25 mL as the initial sample volume and 5 mL of MeOH or 60 mM Brij L23 solution as the desorbent, recoveries of 98.3% and 90% were attained, respectively. The whole method was applied to herbal tea samples containing melatonin, and the percentage of agreement with the labeled value was 86.5%. It was also applied to herbal samples without melatonin by spiking them with two concentrations of this compound, leading to recoveries of 100 and 102%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-F.); (A.M.D.-P.)
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-F.); (A.M.D.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Paz San Andrés
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-F.); (A.M.D.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Kołodziejczyk I, Kaźmierczak A. Melatonin - This is important to know. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170871. [PMID: 38340815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
MEL (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a well-known natural compound that controls cellular processes in both plants and animals and is primarily found in plants as a neurohormone. Its roles have been described very broadly, from its antioxidant function related to the photoperiod and determination of seasonal rhythms to its role as a signalling molecule, imitating the action of plant hormones (or even being classified as a prohormone). MEL positively affects the yield and survival of plants by increasing their tolerance to unfavourable biotic and abiotic conditions, which makes MEL widely applicable in ecological farming as a stimulant of growth and development. Thus, it is called a phytobiostimulator. In this review, we discuss the genesis of MEL functions, the presence of MEL at the cellular level and its effects on gene expression and plant development, which can ensure the survival of plants under the conditions they encounter. Moreover, we consider the future application possibilities of MEL in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kołodziejczyk
- Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-236, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kaźmierczak
- Department of Cytophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
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3
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Cano A, Hernández-Ruiz J, Arnao MB. Common Methods of Extraction and Determination of Phytomelatonin in Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2798:161-181. [PMID: 38587742 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3826-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The presence of melatonin in plants, called phytomelatonin, has gained great interest in recent years. The determination of phytomelatonin levels in plant extracts for both physiological and plant foodstuff studies requires sophisticated techniques due to the low endogenous levels of this indolic compound with hormonal nature. This chapter presents the most common and advanced techniques in the determination of phytomelatonin, with special emphasis on the techniques of extraction, cleaning, separation, detection, identification, and quantification. Multiple examples and recommendations are presented for a clear overview of the pros and cons of phytomelatonin determinations in plant tissues, seeds, and fruits, mainly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cano
- Phytohormones and Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Josefa Hernández-Ruiz
- Phytohormones and Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marino B Arnao
- Phytohormones and Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Smirnov VV, Martinson EA, Solovieva SV, Danilova LA, Gubin DG. The Association between Melatonin-Containing Foods Consumption and Students' Sleep-Wake Rhythm, Psychoemotional, and Anthropometric Characteristics: A Semi-Quantitative Analysis and Hypothetical Application. Nutrients 2023; 15:3302. [PMID: 37571240 PMCID: PMC10420797 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is an important source of melatonin (MT), which belongs to a group known as chronobiotics, a class of substances that affect the circadian system. Currently, no studies have been conducted on how the consumption of foods containing MT (FMT) is associated with indicators characterizing the human circadian system. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that FMT consumption is associated with chronotype and social jetlag. A total of 1277 schoolchildren and university students aged M (SD) 19.9 (4.1) years (range: 16-25 years; girls: 72.8%) participated in a cross-sectional study. Each participant completed an online questionnaire with their personal data (sex, age, height, weight, waist circumference, and academic performance) and a sequence of tests to assess their sleep-wake rhythm (the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire), sleep quality (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and depression level (the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale). Study participants also completed a modified food frequency questionnaire that only included foods containing MT (FMT). They were asked how many foods containing MT (FMT) they had eaten for dinner, constituting their daily serving, in the past month. The consumption of foods containing MT (FMT) during the day (FMTday) and at dinner (FMTdinner) was assessed using this test. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the association between the studied indicators. We found that higher FMTday values were associated with early chronotype (β = -0.09) and less social jetlag (β = -0.07), better sleep quality (β = -0.06) and lower levels of depression (β = -0.11), as well as central adiposity (β = -0.08). Higher FMTdinner values were associated with a lower risk of central adiposity (β = -0.08). In conclusion, the data obtained confirm the hypothesis that the consumption of foods containing MT (FMT) is associated with chronotype and social jetlag in adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail F. Borisenkov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia; (S.V.P.); (V.V.S.)
| | - Sergey V. Popov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia; (S.V.P.); (V.V.S.)
| | - Vasily V. Smirnov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia; (S.V.P.); (V.V.S.)
| | | | - Svetlana V. Solovieva
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia; (S.V.S.); (L.A.D.)
| | - Lina A. Danilova
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia; (S.V.S.); (L.A.D.)
| | - Denis G. Gubin
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia; (S.V.S.); (L.A.D.)
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Centre, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tyumen 119991, Russia
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Arabia A, Muñoz P, Pallarés N, Munné-Bosch S. Experimental approaches in studying active biomolecules modulating fruit ripening: Melatonin as a case study. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1747-1767. [PMID: 36805997 PMCID: PMC10315297 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones are naturally occurring small organic molecules found at low concentrations in plants. They perform essential functions in growth and developmental processes, from organ initiation to senescence, including fruit ripening. These regulatory molecules are studied using different experimental approaches, such as performing exogenous applications, evaluating endogenous levels, and/or obtaining genetically modified lines. Here, we discuss the advantages and limitations of current experimental approaches used to study active biomolecules modulating fruit ripening, focusing on melatonin. Although melatonin has been implicated in fruit ripening in several model fruit crops, current knowledge is affected by the different experimental approaches used, which have given different and sometimes even contradictory results. The methods of application and the doses used have produced different results in studies based on exogenous applications, while different measurement methods and ways of expressing results explain most of the variability in studies using correlative analyses. Furthermore, studies on genetically modified crops have focused on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants only. However, TILLING and CRISPR methodologies are becoming essential tools to complement the results from the experimental approaches described above. This will not only help the scientific community better understand the role of melatonin in modulating fruit ripening, but it will also help develop technological advances to improve fruit yield and quality in major crops. The combination of various experimental approaches will undoubtedly lead to a complete understanding of the function of melatonin in fruit ripening in the near future, so that this knowledge can be effectively transferred to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Arabia
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Paula Muñoz
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Núria Pallarés
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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6
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Baenas N, García-Viguera C, Domínguez-Perles R, Medina S. Winery By-Products as Sources of Bioactive Tryptophan, Serotonin, and Melatonin: Contributions to the Antioxidant Power. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081571. [PMID: 37107366 PMCID: PMC10137535 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The amino acid tryptophan and its derived molecules serotonin and melatonin are involved in a wide range of physiological functions that contribute significantly to human health, namely antioxidant, immune-active, and neurological properties. Grapes and wine are a source of these compounds, but their presence in wine by-products remains underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this work was the identification and quantification of tryptophan, serotonin, and melatonin in winery by-products (grape stems, grape pomace, and wine lees) by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and mass spectrometer with triple-quadrupole technology (UHPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS), as well as the evaluation of the extracts obtained (by applying specific extraction conditions for each of them) for their antioxidant and reducing capacity (by three different and complementary methods: FRAP, ABTS•+, and ORAC). Furthermore, correlation analyses were developed to establish the contribution of the different analytes to the total antioxidant activity. The main results obtained pointed out grape stems as the by-product with the highest tryptophan content (96.28 mg/kg dw) and antioxidant capacity (142.86, 166.72, and 363.24 mmol TE/kg dw, FRAP, ABTS•+, and ORAC, respectively), while serotonin and melatonin were the predominant derivatives in grape pomace (0.086 and 0.902 µg/kg dw, respectively). The antioxidant capacity of the standards was also analysed at the concentrations found in the matrices studied. A significant correlation was found between the concentration of the pure tryptophan standard and the antioxidant capacity (ABTS•+, r2 = 0.891 at p < 0.001 (***); FRAP, r2 = 0.885 at p < 0.01 (**); and ORAC, r2 = 0.854 at p < 0.01 (**)). According to these results, winery by-products can be highlighted as valuable materials to be used as novel ingredients containing tryptophan, serotonin, and melatonin, while tryptophan was identified as the most relevant contributor (out of phenolic compounds) to the antioxidant capacity exhibited by wine by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Baenas
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", Campus de Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de, Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus of the University of Murcia-25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de, Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus of the University of Murcia-25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Sonia Medina
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de, Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus of the University of Murcia-25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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7
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Eremia SAV, Albu C, Radu GL, Ion M. Different Extraction Approaches for the Analysis of Melatonin from Cabernet Sauvignon and Feteasca Neagra Wines Using a Validated HPLC-FL Method. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062768. [PMID: 36985741 PMCID: PMC10051364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the wine industry has shown a considerable degree of interest in the occurrence of melatonin in wines. Sample pretreatment may be the most important step in trace analysis. Since wine is a complex matrix and melatonin is present in low amounts (ppb), an adequate extraction technique is required. In this study, the effect of several extraction methods, such as solid phase extraction (SPE), Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extraction (QuEChERS), and dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) was studied and the variable parameters that can arise throughout the extraction process were optimized to obtain the best results. A high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FL) method was adapted and validated, including measurement uncertainty, for the analysis of melatonin in wines and to assess the efficiency of the extraction yield. After comparing the acquired results, the DLLME method was optimized. Extraction recoveries values ranging from 95 to 104% demonstrated that the approach may be successfully applied for the extraction and concentration (enrichment factor of almost eight) of melatonin in wine samples prior to HPLC-FL analysis. The first report of melatonin levels in Feteasca Neagra wines has been made. The data obtained for Cabernet Sauvignon revealed that the final levels of melatonin in the wines are dependent on the winemaking process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A V Eremia
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences-Bucharest, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Albu
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences-Bucharest, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel L Radu
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences-Bucharest, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Ion
- Institute for Research and Development for Viticulture and Wine Making, 2 Valea Mantei, Valea Calugareasca, 107620, Romania
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Grao-Cruces E, Calvo JR, Maldonado-Aibar MD, Millan-Linares MDC, Montserrat-de la Paz S. Mediterranean Diet and Melatonin: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:264. [PMID: 36829823 PMCID: PMC9951922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) has beneficial effects on human health, which is evidenced by the observation of lower incidence rates of chronic diseases in Mediterranean countries. The MD dietary pattern is rich in antioxidants, such as melatonin, which is a hormone produced mainly by the pineal gland and controls several circadian rhythms. Additionally, melatonin is found in foods, such as fruit and vegetables. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the melatonin content in Mediterranean foods and to evaluate the influence of the MD on melatonin levels in both humans and model organisms. A comprehensive search was conducted in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) and data were extracted. A total of 31 records were chosen. MD-related foods, such as tomatoes, olive oil, red wine, beer, nuts, and vegetables, showed high melatonin contents. The consumption of specific MD foods increases melatonin levels and improves the antioxidant status in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Avenida Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
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Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Liu ZF, Wei BB, Feng XS. Melatonin in different food samples: Recent update on distribution, bioactivities, pretreatment and analysis techniques. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112272. [PMID: 36596183 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) plays a significant role on maintaining the basic physiological functions and regulating various metabolic processes in plentiful organisms. Recent years have witnessed an increase in MLT's share in global market with its affluent functions. However, the worrisome quality issues and inappropriate or excessive application of MLT take place inevitably. In addition, its photosensitive properties, oxidation, complex substrate concentration and trace levels leave exact detection of MLT doubly difficult. Therefore, it is essential to exploit precise, sensitive and stable extraction and detection methods to resolve above questions. In this study, we reviewed the distribution and bioactivities of MLT and conducted a comprehensive overview of the developments of pretreatment and analysis methods for MLT in food samples since 2010. Commonly used pretreatment methods for MLT include not only traditional techniques, but also novel ones, such as solid-phase extraction, QuEChERS, microextraction by packed sorbent, solid phase microextraction, liquid phase microextraction, and so on. Analysis methods include liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, GC methods, capillary electrophoresis, sensors, and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of different techniques have been compared and the development tendency was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021 China
| | - Zhi-Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Bin-Bin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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NAUREEN ZAKIRA, DHULI KRISTJANA, DONATO KEVIN, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Foods of the Mediterranean diet: citrus, cucumber and grape. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E21-E27. [PMID: 36479487 PMCID: PMC9710412 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetables are excellent sources of health-promoting bioactive compounds and nutraceuticals. Regular consumption of fruit and vegetables helps prevent the onset and progression of many non-communicable diseases. The Mediterranean diet envisages consumption of healthy vegetables and fruit on a daily basis for maximum health benefits. Traditional use envisages vegetable-based and fruit-based diets, and many studies scientifically proved the beneficial effects of Mediterranean vegetables and fruits. Rich in bioactive phytochemicals, citrus, cucumbers and grapes have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, anti-ageing and anti-cancer properties. Studies indicate that intake of citrus, cucumbers and grapes reduces hypertension, hyperlipidemia, skin problems and infections and improves the health of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. These beneficial effects are mediated by several bioactive molecules present in Mediterranean diet vegetables and fruits, such as citrus, cucumbers and grapes. Indeed, they contains flavones, isoflavones, tannins, polyphenols and many beneficial natural molecules. This review focuses on the bioactive ingredients in citrus fruit, cucumbers and grapes, all components of the Mediterranean diet, and their health effects. A deep understanding of Mediterranean diet's components, as well as clinical trials to test natural molecules beneficial effects, will permit to further explore the therapeutic potential of the Mediterranean diet in several pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - KRISTJANA DHULI
- MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Kristjana Dhuli, MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193934. [PMID: 36235587 PMCID: PMC9571539 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a “sunlight deficiency” and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of “darkness deficiency” from overexposure to artificial blue light. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin’s mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.
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Basílio LSP, Vanz Borges C, Minatel IO, Vargas PF, Tecchio MA, Vianello F, Lima GPP. New beverage based on grapes and purple-fleshed sweet potatoes: Use of non-standard tubers. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Jiao J, Xia Y, Yang M, Zheng J, Liu Y, Cao Z. Differences in grape-surface yeast populations significantly influence the melatonin level of wine in spontaneous fermentation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mohamed HM. Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution. Front Chem 2022; 9:785830. [PMID: 35096766 PMCID: PMC8792605 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.785830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive efforts have been made in the last decades to simplify the holistic sample preparation process. The idea of maximizing the extraction efficiency along with the reduction of extraction time, minimization/elimination of hazardous solvents, and miniaturization of the extraction device, eliminating sample pre- and posttreatment steps and reducing the sample volume requirement is always the goal for an analyst as it ensures the method’s congruency with the green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles and steps toward sustainability. In this context, the microextraction techniques such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS), fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), in-tube extraction dynamic headspace (ITEX-DHS), and PAL SPME Arrow are being very active areas of research. To help transition into wider applications, the new solventless microextraction techniques have to be commercialized, automated, and validated, and their operating principles to be anchored to theory. In this work, the benefits and drawbacks of the advanced microextraction techniques will be discussed and compared, together with their applicability to the analysis of pharmaceuticals in different matrices.
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15
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Alessa H, Saber AL, Althakafy JT. Up-to-date studies regarding the determination of melatonin by chromatographic methods. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 355:e2100378. [PMID: 34842297 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is an indolic compound that has been reported in the literature to exist in human-based samples, vertebrates, vegetables, fruits, and pharmaceutical products. Melatonin is considered a dietary supplement and can regulate circadian rhythms, although it has not been classified as a drug by the US Food and Drug Administration. Several analytical methods have been used for its detection. This study aimed to summarize the recent outcomes of the chromatographic methods such as electrophoretic methods, gas chromatography, and liquid chromatography, which have been used for the determination of melatonin in the last three decades, with the focus on gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Alessa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr L Saber
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Jalal T Althakafy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Melatonin: A blooming biomolecule for postharvest management of perishable fruits and vegetables. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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18
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Mannino G, Pernici C, Serio G, Gentile C, Bertea CM. Melatonin and Phytomelatonin: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Distribution and Bioactivity in Plants and Animals-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189996. [PMID: 34576159 PMCID: PMC8469784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous indolamine, largely investigated for its key role in the regulation of several physiological processes in both animals and plants. In the last century, it was reported that this molecule may be produced in high concentrations by several species belonging to the plant kingdom and stored in specialized tissues. In this review, the main information related to the chemistry of melatonin and its metabolism has been summarized. Furthermore, the biosynthetic pathway characteristics of animal and plant cells have been compared, and the main differences between the two systems highlighted. Additionally, in order to investigate the distribution of this indolamine in the plant kingdom, distribution cluster analysis was performed using a database composed by 47 previously published articles reporting the content of melatonin in different plant families, species and tissues. Finally, the potential pharmacological and biostimulant benefits derived from the administration of exogenous melatonin on animals or plants via the intake of dietary supplements or the application of biostimulant formulation have been largely discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mannino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Carlo Pernici
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Graziella Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carla Gentile
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (C.M.B.); Tel.: +39-091-2389-7423 (C.G.); +39-011-670-6361 (C.M.B.)
| | - Cinzia M. Bertea
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (C.M.B.); Tel.: +39-091-2389-7423 (C.G.); +39-011-670-6361 (C.M.B.)
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19
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Cheng G, Ma T, Deng Z, Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Ge Q, Xu P, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Meng J, Reiter RJ, Fang Y, Sun X. Plant-derived melatonin from food: a gift of nature. Food Funct 2021; 12:2829-2849. [PMID: 33877242 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03213a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, people have become increasingly interested in bioactive ingredients from plants, especially antioxidant molecules such as melatonin, which are beneficial to human health. The purpose of this article is to provide new information on plant-derived foods with a high content of melatonin. We comprehensively summarize the content of melatonin in plant-derived foods and discuss the factors that influence melatonin levels to provide new ideas on enhancement. Additionally, we describe the biosynthetic pathway of melatonin and identify its major functions. Medicinal herbs are often rich in melatonin while many vegetables and fruits exhibit somewhat lower levels with wide variations among species. The genetic traits of plants, the phenological stage of the cultivar, the photoperiod, the level of stress to which the plants are exposed at the time of harvest, exposure to agrochemicals and determination methods are the main factors affecting the melatonin content. To date, standardization of uniform sampling times and the use of suitable pretreatments as well as determination methods have not been achieved. The results of the studies reviewed highlight the potentially important role of plant melatonin in influencing the progression of human diseases. Based on the health promotional aspects of melatonin, consuming foods containing higher concentrations of tryptophan and melatonin is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Cheng
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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20
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Martins RO, de Araújo GL, de Freitas CS, Silva AR, Simas RC, Vaz BG, Chaves AR. Miniaturized sample preparation techniques and ambient mass spectrometry as approaches for food residue analysis. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1640:461949. [PMID: 33556677 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Analytical methods such as liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) are widely used techniques for the analyses of different classes of compounds. This is due to their highlighted capacity for separating and identifying components in complex matrices such food samples. However, in most cases, effective analysis of the target analyte becomes challenging due to the complexity of the sample, especially for quantification of trace concentrations. In this case, miniaturized sample preparation methods have been used as a strategy for analysis of complex matrices. This involves removing the interferents and concentrating the analytes in a sample. These methods combine simplicity and effectiveness and given their miniaturized scale, they are in accordance with green chemistry precepts. Besides, ambient mass spectrometry represents a new trend in fast and rapid analyses, especially for qualitative and screening analysis. However, for complex matrix analyses, sample preparation is still a difficult step and the miniaturized sample preparation techniques show great potential for an improved and widespread use of ambient mass spectrometry techniques. . This review aims to contribute as an overview of current miniaturized sample preparation techniques and ambient mass spectrometry methods as different approaches for selective and sensitive analysis of residues in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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21
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Danilovich ME, Alberto MR, Juárez Tomás MS. Microbial production of beneficial indoleamines (serotonin and melatonin) with potential application to biotechnological products for human health. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1668-1682. [PMID: 33484616 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Micro-organisms have showed the ability to produce biologically active compounds associated with neurotransmission in higher organisms. In particular, serotonin- and melatonin-producing microbes are valuable sources for the development of eco-friendly bioproducts. Serotonin and melatonin are indoleamines that have received special attention due to their positive effects on human health. These biomolecules exert a critical role in several physiological or pathological processes, including some mental and neurological disorders. This article includes a review of the microbial production of serotonin and melatonin, their functions in micro-organisms and their potential uses as therapeutic and/or preventive agents to improve human health. A description of the quantification methods employed to detect indoleamines and the evidence found concerning their microbial production at laboratory and industrial scale-for application in biotechnological products-is also provided. The microbial ability to synthesize beneficial indoleamines should be further studied and harnessed, to allow the development of sustainable bioprocesses to produce foods and pharmaceuticals for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Danilovich
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M R Alberto
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M S Juárez Tomás
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
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22
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Marhuenda J, Villaño D, Arcusa R, Zafrilla P. Melatonin in Wine and Beer: Beneficial Effects. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020343. [PMID: 33440795 PMCID: PMC7827953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone secreted in the pineal gland with several functions, especially regulation of circadian sleep cycle and the biological processes related to it. This review evaluates the bioavailability of melatonin and resulting metabolites, the presence of melatonin in wine and beer and factors that influence it, and finally the different benefits related to treatment with melatonin. When administered orally, melatonin is mainly absorbed in the rectum and the ileum; it has a half-life of about 0.45–1 h and is extensively inactivated in the liver by phase 2 enzymes. Melatonin (MEL) concentration varies from picograms to ng/mL in fermented beverages such as wine and beer, depending on the fermentation process. These low quantities, within a dietary intake, are enough to reach significant plasma concentrations of melatonin, and are thus able to exert beneficial effects. Melatonin has demonstrated antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective actions. These benefits are related to its free radical scavenging properties as well and the direct interaction with melatonin receptors, which are involved in complex intracellular signaling pathways, including inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation, among others. In the present review, the current evidence on the effects of melatonin on different pathophysiological conditions is also discussed.
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23
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Juhnevica-Radenkova K, Moreno DA, Ikase L, Drudze I, Radenkovs V. Naturally occurring melatonin: Sources and possible ways of its biosynthesis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:4008-4030. [PMID: 33337029 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
According to recent reports, the global market for melatonin is worth 700 million USD in 2018 and would reach 2,790 million USD by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 18.9% during 2019 to 2025. Having regard to the prevalence of sleep and circadian rhythm disorders and a clear tendency to increase the demand for melatonin, and the current lack of alternative green and cost-efficient technologies of its synthesis, the supply of this remedy will not be enough to guarantee melatonin supply and affordability on a global scale. The emergence of naturally occurring melatonin and its isomers in fermented foods has opened an exciting new research area; there are still, however, some obscure points in the efficient microbiological biosynthesis of melatonin. This review summarizes the research progress and recent evidence related to melatonin and its isomers in various foodstuffs. Additionally, one possible way to synthesize melatonin is also discussed. The evidence pointed out that the presence of melatonin and its isomers is not exclusive for grapes and grape-derived products, because it can be also found in sweet and sour cherries. However, different species of both Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts could be used to obtain melatonin and melatonin isomers in the process of alcoholic fermentation biotechnologically. The availability of L-tryptophan has been a key factor in determining the concentration of indolic compounds produced, and the utilization of probiotic lactic acid bacteria could help in the formation of melatonin isomers during malolactic fermentation. These approaches are environmentally friendly alternatives with a safer profile than conventional ones and could represent the future for sustainable industrial-scale melatonin production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego A Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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24
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Carneiro CN, Gomez FJ, Spisso A, Silva MF, Azcarate SM, Dias FDS. Geographical characterization of South America wines based on their phenolic and melatonin composition: An exploratory analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Noh J, Song S, Myung S. Effective Sample Preparation of Polyphenols in Wine Using Deep Eutectic Solvent‐based Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction
HPLC‐UV
Determination. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jongsung Noh
- Department of Chemistry Kyonggi University Suwon 16227 South Korea
| | - Seunghoon Song
- Department of Chemistry Kyonggi University Suwon 16227 South Korea
| | - Seung‐Woon Myung
- Department of Chemistry Kyonggi University Suwon 16227 South Korea
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26
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Viegas O, Esteves C, Rocha J, Melo A, Ferreira IMPLVO. Simultaneous determination of melatonin and trans-resveratrol in wine by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by HPLC-FLD. Food Chem 2020; 339:128091. [PMID: 33152879 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of melatonin (Mel) in wines triggered a new interest in the paradigm of health benefits and wine consumption, usually ascribed to trans-resveratrol (trans-RSV). In this context, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the analysis of Mel and trans-RSV in wines by LC-FLD was developed. A 26-1 factorial design was used to identify the significant variables (p < 0.05) and Central Composite Design was used to achieve the optimal conditions: 300 µL of chloroform (extracting solvent), 1500 µL of acetonitrile (disperser solvent) and 1500 mg of NaCl (ionic strength). Excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9999), repeatability (<3.55%), and accuracy (<7.18%) were obtained using a blank matrix and recoveries (>91.9%) using wines. The method was successfully applied to the analyses of Mel (0.63-7.44 ng mL-1) and trans-RSV (169-2616 ng mL-1) in different wine varieties. Comparison with literature point the overall advantages of the new method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Viegas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Esteves
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Janete Rocha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Armindo Melo
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; LAQV/REQUIMTE - Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-313 Porto, Portugal
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27
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Wang SY, Shi XC, Wang R, Wang HL, Liu F, Laborda P. Melatonin in fruit production and postharvest preservation: A review. Food Chem 2020; 320:126642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Lungu-Moscalu A, Negut CC, Stefanov C, van Staden RIS, Bunaciu AA, Staden JFV. Rhodamine B - as New Chromophore for the Determination of Melatonin in Biological, Food, and Pharmaceutical Samples. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 23:1080-1089. [PMID: 32598249 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200628111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE Melatonin is an essential biomarker for sleep-related disorders. Reliable methods of analysis are needed for melatonin. Therefore, a new chromophore (Rhodamine B) was proposed for the assay of melatonin; this method succeeded to enlarge the working concentration range and to decrease the limit of determination comparing with the method that just used the native fluorescence of melatonin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rhodamine B was proposed as a new chromophore for the assay of melatonin in biological, food, and pharmaceutical samples. Fluorescence was used for the determination of melatonin. RESULTS The results obtained using Rhodamine B were compared with those obtained by the native fluorescence of melatonin. Using the new chromophore, melatonin was determined in the concentration range between 0.01 and 50 pmol L-1, with the detection limit of 2.4 fmol L-1. The recovery of melatonin was higher than 98.00% with a relative standard deviation of less than 0.10%, when the method was applied for the assay of melatonin in samples such as breast milk, whole blood, milk powder, and pharmaceutical formulations. CONCLUSION Utilization of Rhodamine B enlarged the linear concentration range for the assay of melatonin and decreased the detection limit, making possible the assay of melatonin in a variety of samples such as pharmaceuticals, food, and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandrina Lungu-Moscalu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | - Catalina C Negut
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | - Cristina Stefanov
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana S van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | | | - Jacobus F van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest 060021, Romania
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29
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Que Z, Ma T, Shang Y, Ge Q, Zhang Q, Xu P, Zhang J, Francoise U, Liu X, Sun X. Microorganisms: Producers of Melatonin in Fermented Foods and Beverages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4799-4811. [PMID: 32248679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin has recently been detected in fermented beverages and foods, in which microorganism metabolism is highly important. The existing literature knowledge discusses the direction for future studies in this review. Evidence shows that many species of microorganisms could synthesize melatonin. However, the actual concentrations of melatonin in fermented foods and beverages range from picograms per milliliter to nanograms per milliliter. Different types of microorganisms, different raw materials, different culture environments, the presence or absence of precursors, high or low alcohol content, and different detection methods are all possible reasons for the huge difference of melatonin levels. Thus far, there have been relatively few studies on the melatonin synthesis pathway microorganisms. Thus, referring to the synthetic pathway of plants and animals, the putative melatonin biosynthesis pathway of microorganisms is presented. It will be significant to discuss whether all species of microorganisms have the capacity to synthesize melatonin and what the biological functions of melatonin are in microorganisms. Melatonin plays a lot of important roles in microorganisms, particularly in enhancing the tolerance of environment stress. Also, the loss of melatonin concentration in commercially available fermented foods and beverages is a ubiquitous trend, and how to solve this problem is a new field to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiluo Que
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Ma
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ge
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- Quality Standards and Testing Institute of Agricultural Technology, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Pingkang Xu
- College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Junxiang Zhang
- School of Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Uwamahoro Francoise
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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30
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Pranil T, Moongngarm A, Loypimai P. Influence of pH, temperature, and light on the stability of melatonin in aqueous solutions and fruit juices. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03648. [PMID: 32258489 PMCID: PMC7109460 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to predict melatonin stability during food processing or storage is important. Therefore, the degradation of melatonin in both aqueous solutions and fruit juice samples was investigated. The pH values of aqueous solutions were set over a pH range from 1 to 13 and at four different temperatures (60, 70, 80 and 90 °C). The highest remaining melatonin (CR) was observed in the lowest pH solution (pH = 1, CR > 65%). Melatonin concentrations decreased with rising pH levels from pH 4 to 13 during storage time. The thermal degradation rate constant of melatonin (k) values obtained followed the order: k90°C (0.175) >k80°C (0.123) >k70°C (0.082) >k60°C (0.027). Thermal degradation kinetics followed the first-order reaction model with a high range of coefficients of determination (0.9744 < R2 < 0.995). The temperature also affected on melatonin degradation in fruit juices which the degradation rate was increased with the presence of light and high temperature. Our results can be used as guidelines to develop a processing method that predicts melatonin degradation during thermal processing of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorung Pranil
- Research Unit of Nutrition for Life, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Anuchita Moongngarm
- Research Unit of Nutrition for Life, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Patiwit Loypimai
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchapraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10600, Thailand
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Sangsopha J, Johns NP, Johns J, Moongngarm A. Dietary sources of melatonin and benefits from production of high melatonin pasteurized milk. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:2026-2037. [PMID: 32431329 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone that regulates circadian rhythms in the human body. It can also be taken to alleviate insomnia and sleep disorders. Pasteurized milk is a good source of nutrients and some bioactive compounds. Recently, the growing trend of healthy foods has resulted in higher competition with regard to milk products. Functional milk has been developed with higher bioactive compounds to respond to consumer demand. High melatonin pasteurized milk was developed using selected edible grains and mulberry leaves to fortify melatonin in pasteurized milk. Melatonin and free tryptophan of fourteen edible grains and mulberry leaves were determined using HPLC-FD. Highest melatonin concentrations were observed in white sesame, sunflower and soybean (75.24, 67.45 and 56.49 ng/g dry weight (dw), with highest concentrations of free tryptophan in soybean, red bean and mung bean (2617.83, 1527.23 and 845.27 ng/g dw, respectively), while melatonin and free tryptophan contents in fresh mulberry leaves were 51.57 ng/g and 210.53 ng/g dw, respectively. Soymilk powder and mulberry leaf tea were supplemented to prepare high melatonin pasteurized milk. Results showed that chemical compositions, melatonin and free tryptophan contents significantly increased (P < 0.05) with increasing amounts of soymilk powder and mulberry leaf tea. Sensory evaluation gave highest overall liking score for the treatment consisting of mulberry leaf tea (4.00%), soymilk powder (4.00%) and milk (89.80%). Findings indicated that mulberry leaves and soybean are both good sources of melatonin and free tryptophan and can be applied to prepare high melatonin pasteurized milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintana Sangsopha
- 1Research Unit of Nutrition for Health, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kuntarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
| | | | - Jeffrey Johns
- 2Melatonin Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Anuchita Moongngarm
- 1Research Unit of Nutrition for Health, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kuntarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
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Liu L, Labani N, Cecon E, Jockers R. Melatonin Target Proteins: Too Many or Not Enough? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:791. [PMID: 31803142 PMCID: PMC6872631 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurohormone N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, better known as melatonin, is a tryptophan derivative with a wide range of biological effects that is present in many organisms. These effects are believed to rely either on the chemical properties of melatonin itself as scavenger of free radicals or on the binding of melatonin to protein targets. More than 15 proteins, including receptors (MT1, MT2, Mel1c, CAND2, ROR, VDR), enzymes (QR2, MMP-9, pepsin, PP2A, PR-10 proteins), pores (mtPTP), transporters (PEPT1/2, Glut1), and other proteins (HBS, CaM, tubulin, calreticuline), have been suggested to interact with melatonin at sub-nanomolar to millimolar melatonin concentrations. In this review we assemble for the first time the available information on proposed melatonin targets and discuss them in a comprehensive manner to evaluate the robustness of these findings in terms of methodology, physiological relevance, and independent replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Nedjma Labani
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Erika Cecon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
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Neuroactive compounds in foods: Occurrence, mechanism and potential health effects. Food Res Int 2019; 128:108744. [PMID: 31955786 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroactive compounds are synthesized by certain plants and microorganisms by undertaking different tasks, especially as a stress response. Most common neuroactive compounds in foods are gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, melatonin, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, dopamine, norepinephrine, histamine, tryptamine, tyramine and β-phenylethylamine. Fermented foods contain some of these compounds, which can affect human health and mood. Moreover, food processing such as roasting and malting alter amount and profile of neuroactive compounds in foods. In addition to plant-origin and microbially-formed neuroactive compounds in foods, these substances are also formed by gut microbiota, which is the most attractive subject to assess the interaction between gut microbiota and mental health. The discovery of microbiota-gut-brain axis calls for the investigation of the effects of diet on the formation of neuroactive compounds in the gut. Furthermore, probiotics and prebiotics are indispensable elements for the understanding of the food-mood relationship. The focus of this comprehensive review is to investigate the neuroactive compounds found naturally in foods or formed during fermentation. Their formation pathways in humans, plants and microorganisms, potential health effects, effects of diet on the formation of microbial metabolites including neuroactive compounds in the gut are discussed throughout this review. Furthermore, the importance of gut-brain axis, probiotics and prebiotics are discussed.
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Xiang H, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GI, Cui C, Ruan Z. Fermentation-enabled wellness foods: A fresh perspective. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tamtaji OR, Reiter RJ, Alipoor R, Dadgostar E, Kouchaki E, Asemi Z. Melatonin and Parkinson Disease: Current Status and Future Perspectives for Molecular Mechanisms. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:15-23. [PMID: 31388798 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic and neurodegenerative disease with motor and nonmotor symptoms. Multiple pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of PD, including apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, α-synuclein aggregation, and changes in the neurotransmitters. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that melatonin supplementation is an appropriate therapy for PD. Administration of melatonin leads to inhibition of some pathways related to apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, α-synuclein aggregation, and dopamine loss in PD. In addition, melatonin improves some nonmotor symptom in patients with PD. Limited studies, however, have evaluated the role of melatonin on molecular mechanisms and clinical symptoms in PD. This review summarizes what is known regarding the impact of melatonin on PD in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Reza Alipoor
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Kouchaki
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Paris A, Gaillard JL, Ledauphin J. Rapid Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Apple: Ultrasound-Assisted Solvent Extraction Followed by Microextraction by Packed Sorbent. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Assessment of Tryptophan, Tryptophan Ethylester, and Melatonin Derivatives in Red Wine by SPE-HPLC-FL and SPE-HPLC-MS Methods. Foods 2019; 8:foods8030099. [PMID: 30875821 PMCID: PMC6463071 DOI: 10.3390/foods8030099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL) is an indoleamine produced mainly by the pineal gland in vertebrates. It plays a significant role in the regulation of circadian rhythms, mitigation of sleeping disorders, and jet lag. This compound is synthetized from tryptophan (TRP) and it has been found in seeds, fruits, and fermented beverages, including wine. Wine is also a source of other tryptophan derivatives, the tryptophan ethylester (TEE) and MEL isomers (MISs), for which the biological properties need to be elucidated. An analytical method for the simultaneous quantification of TRP, TEE, and MEL was developed by a Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) of a preconcentration of wine followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis either with fluorescence or mass spectrometer detectors. The analytical method showed a relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 8%, except for TRP (RSD 10.5% in wine). The recovery was higher than 76%. The versatility of SPE preconcentrations allowed for the adequate preconcentration of wine sample as well as detection of low concentrations, an important aspect especially for MEL (detection limit 0.0023 µg/L). The proposed method proved to be suitable for assessing the investigated compounds in some red wine samples, where 74.4⁻256.2 µg/L and 0.038⁻0.063 µg/L of TEE and MEL were detected, respectively. Five MISs were also found in wine samples in concentrations up to 1.97 µg/L.
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Debnath B, Islam W, Li M, Sun Y, Lu X, Mitra S, Hussain M, Liu S, Qiu D. Melatonin Mediates Enhancement of Stress Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1040. [PMID: 30818835 PMCID: PMC6429401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional signaling molecule, ubiquitously distributed in different parts of plants and responsible for stimulating several physiological responses to adverse environmental conditions. In the current review, we showed that the biosynthesis of melatonin occurred in plants by themselves, and accumulation of melatonin fluctuated sharply by modulating its biosynthesis and metabolic pathways under stress conditions. Melatonin, with its precursors and derivatives, acted as a powerful growth regulator, bio-stimulator, and antioxidant, which delayed leaf senescence, lessened photosynthesis inhibition, and improved redox homeostasis and the antioxidant system through a direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. In addition, exogenous melatonin boosted the growth, photosynthetic, and antioxidant activities in plants, confirming their tolerances against drought, unfavorable temperatures, salinity, heavy metals, acid rain, and pathogens. However, future research, together with recent advancements, would support emerging new approaches to adopt strategies in overcoming the effect of hazardous environments on crops and may have potential implications in expanding crop cultivation against harsh conditions. Thus, farming communities and consumers will benefit from elucidating food safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswojit Debnath
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Waqar Islam
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Min Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Yueting Sun
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xiaocao Lu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Sangeeta Mitra
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Mubasher Hussain
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Dongliang Qiu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Fracassetti D, Vigentini I, Faro A, Foschino R, Tirelli A, Orioli M, Iriti M. Il contributo dei batteri lattici per la presenza di melatonina nel vino rosso. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20191204006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
La melatonina (MEL) è un'indolammina implicata nella regolazione dei cicli circadiani e che possiede attività antiossidante. La presenza di MEL è stata dimostrata nelle piante e negli alimenti con particolare attenzione agli alimenti e bevande fermentati, tra cui il vino. L'uva è una fonte di MEL e nel vino l'attività metabolica del lievito svolge un ruolo cruciale per la produzione di MEL. È stato recentemente suggerito che anche i batteri lattici (LAB) posseggano tale abilità. In questo studio è stata indagata la sintesi di MEL da parte dei LAB in condizioni enologiche e di laboratorio. Sono stati analizzati 8 vini rossi prodotti su scala industriale in 4 cantine. Inoltre, 11 ceppi di LAB sono stati inoculati in terreno sintetico simil-vino. Dai risultati ottenuti è emerso che nei vini prodotti in due delle quattro cantine è stato osservato un aumento di MEL al termine della fermentazione malolattica. Tutti i ceppi oggetto dello studio hanno prodotto MEL in condizioni di laboratorio in quantità variabile a seconda del ceppo. I risultati mettono in evidenza per la prima volta che i LAB sono capaci di rilasciare MEL sia in condizioni di laboratorio che nel vino prodotto industrialmente. The contribution of lactic bacteria on melatonin in red wine
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Xu T, Chen Y, Kang H. Melatonin Is a Potential Target for Improving Post-Harvest Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1388. [PMID: 31737014 PMCID: PMC6831725 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule distributed in nature and not only plays an important role in animals and humans but also has extensive functions in plants, such as delaying senescence, exerting antioxidant effects, regulating growth and development, and facilitating plant adaption to stress conditions. Endogenous melatonin is widespread in fruits and vegetables and plays prominent roles in the ripening and post-harvest process of fruits and vegetables. Exogenous application of melatonin removes excess reactive oxygen species from post-harvest fruits and vegetables by increasing antioxidant enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and enzymes related to oxidized protein repair. Moreover, exogenous application of melatonin can increase endogenous melatonin to augment its effects on various physiological processes. Many previous reports have demonstrated that application of exogenous melatonin improves the post-harvest preservation of fruits and vegetables. Although overproduction of melatonin in plants via transgenic approaches could be a potential means for improving the post-harvest preservation of fruits and vegetables, efforts to increase endogenous melatonin in plants are limited. In this review, we summarize the recent progress revealing the role and action mechanisms of melatonin in post-harvest fruits and vegetables and provide future directions for the utilization of melatonin to improve the post-harvest preservation of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Key Lab of Phylogeny and Comparative Genomics of the Jiangsu Province, Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Tao Xu, ; Hunseung Kang,
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Lab of Phylogeny and Comparative Genomics of the Jiangsu Province, Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Tao Xu, ; Hunseung Kang,
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41
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Ye T, Yin X, Yu L, Zheng SJ, Cai WJ, Wu Y, Feng YQ. Metabolic analysis of the melatonin biosynthesis pathway using chemical labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12531. [PMID: 30299556 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the melatonin (MLT) biosynthesis pathway in plants is still limited. Additionally, a metabolomic analysis of MLT biosynthesis in plants is still a challenge due to analyte structural and chemical diversity, low analyte abundances, and plant matrix complexities. Herein, a sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method enabling the simultaneous determination of seven plant MLT biosynthetic metabolites was developed. In the proposed strategy, the targeted metabolites, which included tryptophan (Trp), tryptamine (TAM), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP), serotonin (5HT), N-acetylserotonin (NAS), 5-methoxytryptamine (5MT), and MLT, were purified from plant extracts using a one-step dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE). The samples were then chemically labeled with dansyl chloride (DNS-Cl), followed by analysis using LC-MS. The limit of detection (LOD) values ranged from 0.03 to 1.36 pg/mL and presented a 22- to 469-fold decrease when compared to the unlabeled metabolites. Due to the high sensitivity of the proposed method, the consumption of plant materials was reduced to 10 mg FW. Ultimately, the established method was utilized to examine the distributions of MLT and its intermediates in rice shoots and roots with or without cadmium (Cd) stress. The results suggested that under normal condition, MLT may also be generated via a Trp/TAM/5HT/5MT/MLT path (Pathway II) in addition to the previously reported Trp/TAM/5HT/NAS/MLT path (Pathway I), although Pathway I was shown to be dominant. During Cd stress, MLT was also shown to be produced through these two pathways, with Pathway II shown to be dominant in rice shoots and roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Effect of Red Wine Intake on Serum and Salivary Melatonin Levels: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102474. [PMID: 30261680 PMCID: PMC6222864 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a recently discovered phytochemical in wine, but its influence on physiological MLT levels is still unknown. This study aimed at evaluating variations, in serum and saliva, of MLT concentrations after the intake of MLT-enriched red wine. Twelve healthy volunteers were recruited to receive 125 mL of red wine naturally lacking of MLT (placebo, PLC), or the same wine enriched with MLT (MLT+). A physiological steady decline of serum MLT was observed from baseline up to 90 min, for both wines. After PLC intake, the decrease was significantly faster than the one occurring after MLT+ wine, which thus delayed the drop down of serum MLT with a plateau at 30⁻60 min. Salivary MLT levels slightly peaked at 45 min after MLT+ wine intake, without statistical significance. Therefore, the intake of a glass of MLT-enriched red wine changed serum levels of the indoleamine, supporting the role of wine MLT in counteracting the physiological decline of the hormone into the bloodstream.
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Vasconcelos Soares Maciel E, Henrique Fumes B, Lúcia de Toffoli A, Mauro Lanças F. Graphene particles supported on silica as sorbent for residue analysis of tetracyclines in milk employing microextraction by packed sorbent. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2047-2055. [PMID: 29608806 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of graphene-based sorbents for determination of four tetracyclines in milk. The synthesized materials were combined with microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) to act as the sample preparation step. The extraction performance of these sorbents was compared to commercial phases, and graphene supported on silica provided the best results. The analytical method optimization was carried out by employing experimental design. Firstly, an evaluation of the experimental variables (elution solvent, use of EDTA, ionic force, and pH of the washing solution) was made by a 24-1 factorial experimental design. The variables sampling, washing and elution cycles of MEPS were further optimized under a full 23 experimental design. The validation parameters were determined under optimized conditions resulting in a linearity ranging from 15 to 110 μg/L with R2 values above 0.98, and LOQs ranging from 0.05 to 0.9 μg/L. The accuracy ranged from 87.9 to 118.4% and intra/inter-day precision reported by the RSDs were lower than 19%. The proposed and validated method was successfully applied to the analysis of 11 milk samples from different animals, revealing traces of tetracyclines in only two of them. This study focused on the evaluation of graphene-based sorbents combined with MEPS for tetracycline analysis provided equivalent or even better results than other proposed methods, suggesting being a sensitive, fast and reliable alternative method for the determination of tetracyclines in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Henrique Fumes
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia de Toffoli
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Mauro Lanças
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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44
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Recent Trends in Microextraction Techniques Employed in Analytical and Bioanalytical Sample Preparation. SEPARATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/separations4040036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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45
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Development and Application of a HPLC-PDA-FL Method for the Determination of Melatonin and its Precursors in Infant Formulas. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Meng X, Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Gan RY, Xu DP, Li HB. Dietary Sources and Bioactivities of Melatonin. Nutrients 2017; 9:E367. [PMID: 28387721 PMCID: PMC5409706 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is a serious worldwide health threat, affecting nearly one third of the general population. Melatonin has been reported to improve sleep efficiency and it was found that eating melatonin-rich foods could assist sleep. During the last decades, melatonin has been widely identified and qualified in various foods from fungi to animals and plants. Eggs and fish are higher melatonin-containing food groups in animal foods, whereas in plant foods, nuts are with the highest content of melatonin. Some kinds of mushrooms, cereals and germinated legumes or seeds are also good dietary sources of melatonin. It has been proved that the melatonin concentration in human serum could significantly increase after the consumption of melatonin containing food. Furthermore, studies show that melatonin exhibits many bioactivities, such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory characteristics, boosting immunity, anticancer activity, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetic, anti-obese, neuroprotective and anti-aging activity. This review summaries the dietary sources and bioactivities of melatonin, with special attention paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Meng JF, Shi TC, Song S, Zhang ZW, Fang YL. Melatonin in grapes and grape-related foodstuffs: A review. Food Chem 2017; 231:185-191. [PMID: 28449995 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A decade has passed since melatonin was first reported in grapes in 2006. During this time, melatonin has not only been found in the berries of most wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars, but also in most grape-related foodstuffs, e.g. wine, grape juice and grape vinegar. In this review, we discuss the melatonin content in grapes and grape-related foodstuffs (especially wine) from previous studies, the physiological function of melatonin in grapes, and the factors contributing to the production of melatonin in grapes and wines. In addition, we identify future research needed to clarify the mechanisms of grape melatonin biosynthesis and regulation, and establish more accurate analysis methods for melatonin in grapes and wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Fei Meng
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tian-Ci Shi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuo Song
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518005, China
| | - Zhen-Wen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yu-Lin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Liang C, Li A, Yu H, Li W, Liang C, Guo S, Zhang R, Chu C. Melatonin Regulates Root Architecture by Modulating Auxin Response in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:134. [PMID: 28223997 PMCID: PMC5293752 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that melatonin acts as an important regulator in controlling root growth and development, but the underlying molecular mechanism driving this relationship remains undetermined. In this study, we demonstrated that melatonin acts as a potent molecule to govern root architecture in rice. Treatments with melatonin significantly inhibited embryonic root growth, and promoted lateral root formation and development. Genome-wide expression profiling by RNA-sequencing revealed auxin-related genes were significantly activated under melatonin treatment. Moreover, several transcription factors and candidate cis-regulatory elements involved in root growth and developments, as well as auxin-related processes, were over-represented in both co-up and -down differentially expressed genes, suggesting that melatonin-mediated root growth occurs in an auxin signal pathway-dependent manner. Further, gravitropic response analysis determined that melatonin affects auxin-regulated processes in rice root. These data show that melatonin shapes root architecture by directly or indirectly activating the auxin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhen Liang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Aifu Li
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Hua Yu
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Wenzhen Li
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Chengzhi Liang
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Sandui Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
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Sorbent, device, matrix and application in microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS): A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1043:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ye T, Hao YH, Yu L, Shi H, Reiter RJ, Feng YQ. A Simple, Rapid Method for Determination of Melatonin in Plant Tissues by UPLC Coupled with High Resolution Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:64. [PMID: 28179912 PMCID: PMC5263157 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) was involved in regulating various stages of plant growth and development. However, due to the low concentration and complex matrixes of plant, the analysis of MLT is a challenging task. In this study, we developed a rapid and efficient method with simplified sample preparation by employing UPLC coupled with a high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and stable isotope-labeled MLT (MLT-d4) was first used as internal standard in the developed analytical method. In the developed method, we used one-step liquid-liquid extraction to purify the crude extracts both from shoot and root of rice for the analysis, which remarkably simplify the sample preparation process. The method exhibits high specificity and recovery yield (>96.4%). Good linearities were obtained for MLT ranging from 0.01 to 20 ng/ mL with determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9991. The limit of detection for MLT was 0.03 pg. Reproducibility of the method was evaluated by intra-day and inter-day measurements and the results showed that relative standard deviations were less than 7.2%. Moreover, MLT quantification was accomplished by using only 100 mg fresh plant tissues. Additionally, the established method was successfully applied to investigate the spatiotemporal distributions of MLT in rice under cadmium (Cd) stress condition. We found that the content of MLT in shoot and root of rice increased under Cd stress, suggesting that MLT would play a crucial role in modulating the responses to Cd stress in different plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan UniversityHaikou, China
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San AntonioTX, USA
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yu-Qi Feng,
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