1
|
Ball RL, Bogue MA, Liang H, Srivastava A, Ashbrook DG, Lamoureux A, Gerring MW, Hatoum AS, Kim MJ, He H, Emerson J, Berger AK, Walton DO, Sheppard K, El Kassaby B, Castellanos F, Kunde-Ramamoorthy G, Lu L, Bluis J, Desai S, Sundberg BA, Peltz G, Fang Z, Churchill GA, Williams RW, Agrawal A, Bult CJ, Philip VM, Chesler EJ. GenomeMUSter mouse genetic variation service enables multitrait, multipopulation data integration and analysis. Genome Res 2024; 34:145-159. [PMID: 38290977 PMCID: PMC10903950 DOI: 10.1101/gr.278157.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Hundreds of inbred mouse strains and intercross populations have been used to characterize the function of genetic variants that contribute to disease. Thousands of disease-relevant traits have been characterized in mice and made publicly available. New strains and populations including consomics, the collaborative cross, expanded BXD, and inbred wild-derived strains add to existing complex disease mouse models, mapping populations, and sensitized backgrounds for engineered mutations. The genome sequences of inbred strains, along with dense genotypes from others, enable integrated analysis of trait-variant associations across populations, but these analyses are hampered by the sparsity of genotypes available. Moreover, the data are not readily interoperable with other resources. To address these limitations, we created a uniformly dense variant resource by harmonizing multiple data sets. Missing genotypes were imputed using the Viterbi algorithm with a data-driven technique that incorporates local phylogenetic information, an approach that is extendable to other model organisms. The result is a web- and programmatically accessible data service called GenomeMUSter, comprising single-nucleotide variants covering 657 strains at 106.8 million segregating sites. Interoperation with phenotype databases, analytic tools, and other resources enable a wealth of applications, including multitrait, multipopulation meta-analysis. We show this in cross-species comparisons of type 2 diabetes and substance use disorder meta-analyses, leveraging mouse data to characterize the likely role of human variant effects in disease. Other applications include refinement of mapped loci and prioritization of strain backgrounds for disease modeling to further unlock extant mouse diversity for genetic and genomic studies in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn L Ball
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA;
| | - Molly A Bogue
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | | | - Anuj Srivastava
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, USA
| | - David G Ashbrook
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Matthew J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hao He
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | - Jake Emerson
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lu Lu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
| | - John Bluis
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | - Sejal Desai
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | | | - Gary Peltz
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Zhuoqing Fang
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | - Robert W Williams
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Carol J Bult
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ball RL, Bogue MA, Liang H, Srivastava A, Ashbrook DG, Lamoureux A, Gerring MW, Hatoum AS, Kim M, He H, Emerson J, Berger AK, Walton DO, Sheppard K, Kassaby BE, Castellanos F, Kunde-Ramamoorthy G, Lu L, Bluis J, Desai S, Sundberg BA, Peltz G, Fang Z, Churchill GA, Williams RW, Agrawal A, Bult CJ, Philip VM, Chesler EJ. GenomeMUSter mouse genetic variation service enables multi-trait, multi-population data integration and analyses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.08.552506. [PMID: 37609331 PMCID: PMC10441370 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.08.552506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of inbred laboratory mouse strains and intercross populations have been used to functionalize genetic variants that contribute to disease. Thousands of disease relevant traits have been characterized in mice and made publicly available. New strains and populations including the Collaborative Cross, expanded BXD and inbred wild-derived strains add to set of complex disease mouse models, genetic mapping resources and sensitized backgrounds against which to evaluate engineered mutations. The genome sequences of many inbred strains, along with dense genotypes from others could allow integrated analysis of trait - variant associations across populations, but these analyses are not feasible due to the sparsity of genotypes available. Moreover, the data are not readily interoperable with other resources. To address these limitations, we created a uniformly dense data resource by harmonizing multiple variant datasets. Missing genotypes were imputed using the Viterbi algorithm with a data-driven technique that incorporates local phylogenetic information, an approach that is extensible to other model organism species. The result is a web- and programmatically-accessible data service called GenomeMUSter ( https://muster.jax.org ), comprising allelic data covering 657 strains at 106.8M segregating sites. Interoperation with phenotype databases, analytic tools and other resources enable a wealth of applications including multi-trait, multi-population meta-analysis. We demonstrate this in a cross-species comparison of the meta-analysis of Type 2 Diabetes and of substance use disorders, resulting in the more specific characterization of the role of human variant effects in light of mouse phenotype data. Other applications include refinement of mapped loci and prioritization of strain backgrounds for disease modeling to further unlock extant mouse diversity for genetic and genomic studies in health and disease.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Z, McCutcheon FM, Ho H, Chia J, Xiao Y, Tippett I, Keragala CB, Cloud GC, Medcalf RL. Tranexamic acid in a mouse model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: setting the stage for a novel stroke treatment approach. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:102166. [PMID: 37694270 PMCID: PMC10483050 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) commonly occurs in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Amyloid also initiates plasminogen activation and might promote sICH. Objectives As amyloid-driven plasmin formation can be blocked by tranexamic acid (TXA), we aimed to evaluate the biodistribution and long-term consequences of TXA on brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels, inflammation, and neurologic function in APP/PS1 mice. Methods APP/PS1 mice overexpressing the mutant human amyloid precursor protein and wild-type littermates were randomized to TXA (20 mg/mL) or placebo in the drinking water for 6 months. TXA in plasma and various organs was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Plasmin activity assays were performed to evaluate changes in fibrinolytic activity. Neurologic function was evaluated by Y-maze and parallel rod floor testing. Proximity ligation-based immunoassays were used to quantitate changes of 92 biomarkers of inflammation. Brain Aβ levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Long-term oral TXA administration inhibited fibrinolysis. TXA accumulated in the kidney (19.4 ± 11.2 μg/g) with 2- to 5-fold lower levels seen in the lung, spleen, and liver. TXA levels were lowest in the brain (0.28 ± 0.01 μg/g). Over 6 months, TXA had no discernible effect on motor coordination, novelty preference, or brain Aβ levels. TXA reduced plasma levels of epithelial cell adhesion molecule and increased CCL20. Conclusion Long-term TXA treatment does not alter brain Aβ levels or impact neurologic behavior in mice predisposed to amyloid deposition and had minor effects on the levels of inflammatory mediators. This finding supports the safety of TXA and lays the foundation for TXA as a novel treatment to reduce sICH in patients with CAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zikou Liu
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona M. McCutcheon
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heidi Ho
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Chia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yunxin Xiao
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isabel Tippett
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Geoffrey C. Cloud
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert L. Medcalf
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang JH, Alevy J, Akhanov V, Seo R, Massey CA, Jiang D, Zhou J, Sillitoe RV, Noebels JL, Samuel MA. Kctd7 deficiency induces myoclonic seizures associated with Purkinje cell death and microvascular defects. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049642. [PMID: 35972048 PMCID: PMC9509889 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing 7 (KCTD7) gene are associated with a severe neurodegenerative phenotype characterized by childhood onset of progressive and intractable myoclonic seizures accompanied by developmental regression. KCTD7-driven disease is part of a large family of progressive myoclonic epilepsy syndromes displaying a broad spectrum of clinical severity. Animal models of KCTD7-related disease are lacking, and little is known regarding how KCTD7 protein defects lead to epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction. We characterized Kctd7 expression patterns in the mouse brain during development and show that it is selectively enriched in specific regions as the brain matures. We further demonstrate that Kctd7-deficient mice develop seizures and locomotor defects with features similar to those observed in human KCTD7-associated diseases. We also show that Kctd7 is required for Purkinje cell survival in the cerebellum and that selective degeneration of these neurons is accompanied by defects in cerebellar microvascular organization and patterning. Taken together, these results define a new model for KCTD7-associated epilepsy and identify Kctd7 as a modulator of neuron survival and excitability linked to microvascular alterations in vulnerable regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine H. Liang
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan Alevy
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Viktor Akhanov
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ryan Seo
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cory A. Massey
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Danye Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joy Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Roy V. Sillitoe
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Noebels
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Melanie A. Samuel
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mayoral-Palarz K, Neves-Carvalho A, Duarte-Silva S, Monteiro-Fernandes D, Maciel P, Khodakhah K. Cerebellar neuronal dysfunction accompanies early motor symptoms in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:275597. [PMID: 35660856 PMCID: PMC9367011 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an adult-onset, progressive ataxia. SCA3 presents with ataxia before any gross neuropathology. A feature of many cerebellar ataxias is aberrant cerebellar output that contributes to motor dysfunction. We examined whether abnormal cerebellar output was present in the CMVMJD135 SCA3 mouse model and, if so, whether it correlated with the disease onset and progression. In vivo recordings showed that the activity of deep cerebellar nuclei neurons, the main output of the cerebellum, was altered. The aberrant activity correlated with the onset of ataxia. However, although the severity of ataxia increased with age, the severity of the aberrant cerebellar output was not progressive. The abnormal cerebellar output, however, was accompanied by non-progressive abnormal activity of their upstream synaptic inputs, the Purkinje cells. In vitro recordings indicated that alterations in intrinsic Purkinje cell pacemaking and in their synaptic inputs contributed to abnormal Purkinje cell activity. These findings implicate abnormal cerebellar physiology as an early, consistent contributor to pathophysiology in SCA3, and suggest that the aberrant cerebellar output could be an appropriate therapeutic target in SCA3. Summary: In a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), aberrant cerebellar physiology is apparent early in disease, prior to cerebellar neuronal pathology. Aberrant cerebellar output could be a therapeutic target in SCA3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Mayoral-Palarz
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Andreia Neves-Carvalho
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Duarte-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Monteiro-Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Kamran Khodakhah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lago N, Kaufmann FN, Negro-Demontel ML, Alí-Ruiz D, Ghisleni G, Rego N, Arcas-García A, Vitureira N, Jansen K, Souza LM, Silva RA, Lara DR, Pannunzio B, Abin-Carriquiry JA, Amo-Aparicio J, Martin-Otal C, Naya H, McGavern DB, Sayós J, López-Vales R, Kaster MP, Peluffo H. CD300f immunoreceptor is associated with major depressive disorder and decreased microglial metabolic fitness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:6651-6662. [PMID: 32152116 PMCID: PMC7104369 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911816117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A role for microglia in neuropsychiatric diseases, including major depressive disorder (MDD), has been postulated. Regulation of microglial phenotype by immune receptors has become a central topic in many neurological conditions. We explored preclinical and clinical evidence for the role of the CD300f immune receptor in the fine regulation of microglial phenotype and its contribution to MDD. We found that a prevalent nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (C/T, rs2034310) of the human CD300f receptor cytoplasmic tail inhibits the protein kinase C phosphorylation of a threonine and is associated with protection against MDD, mainly in women. Interestingly, CD300f-/- mice displayed several characteristic MDD traits such as augmented microglial numbers, increased interleukin 6 and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist messenger RNA, alterations in synaptic strength, and noradrenaline-dependent and persistent depressive-like and anhedonic behaviors in females. This behavioral phenotype could be potentiated inducing the lipopolysaccharide depression model. RNA sequencing and biochemical studies revealed an association with impaired microglial metabolic fitness. In conclusion, we report a clear association that links the function of the CD300f immune receptor with MDD in humans, depressive-like and anhedonic behaviors in female mice, and altered microglial metabolic reprogramming.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Anhedonia
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal
- Cohort Studies
- Depressive Disorder, Major/genetics
- Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism
- Depressive Disorder, Major/pathology
- Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microglia/metabolism
- Microglia/pathology
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
- Synapses
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lago
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernanda N Kaufmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - María Luciana Negro-Demontel
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniela Alí-Ruiz
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gabriele Ghisleni
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pelotas, 96015-560 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natalia Rego
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrea Arcas-García
- Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathalia Vitureira
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Department of Physiology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Karen Jansen
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pelotas, 96015-560 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Souza
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pelotas, 96015-560 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Silva
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pelotas, 96015-560 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diogo R Lara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pannunzio
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Jesús Amo-Aparicio
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Celia Martin-Otal
- Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hugo Naya
- Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joan Sayós
- Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubèn López-Vales
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Manuella P Kaster
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Hugo Peluffo
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Richter M, Negro-Demontel ML, Blanco-Ocampo D, Taranto E, Lago N, Peluffo H. Thy1-YFP-H Mice and the Parallel Rod Floor Test to Evaluate Short- and Long-Term Progression of Traumatic Brain Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 120:24.1.1-24.1.25. [PMID: 29512144 DOI: 10.1002/cpim.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability and is a risk factor for the later development of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Many models of TBI have been developed, but their further refinement and a more detailed long-term follow-up is needed. We have used the Thy1-YFP-H transgenic mouse line and the parallel rod floor test to produce an unbiased and robust method for the evaluation of the multiple effects of a validated model of controlled cortical injury. This approach reveals short- and long-term progressive changes, including compromised biphasic motor function up to 85 days post-lesion, which correlates with neuronal atrophy, dendrite and spine loss, and long-term axonal pathology evidenced by axon spheroids and fragmentation. Here we present methods for inducing a controlled cortical injury in the Thy1-YFP-H transgenic mouse line and for evaluating the resulting deficits in the parallel rod floor test. This technique constitutes a new, unbiased, and robust method for the evaluation of motor and behavioral alterations after TBI. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique Richter
- Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Current Address: Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - María Luciana Negro-Demontel
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniela Blanco-Ocampo
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eliseo Taranto
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Lago
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hugo Peluffo
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Exercise in an animal model of Parkinson's disease: Motor recovery but not restoration of the nigrostriatal pathway. Neuroscience 2017; 359:224-247. [PMID: 28754312 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many clinical studies have reported on the benefits of exercise therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Exercise cannot stop the progression of PD or facilitate the recovery of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) (Bega et al., 2014). To tease apart this paradox, we utilized a progressive MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine) mouse model in which we initiated 4weeks of treadmill exercise after the completion of toxin administration (i.e., restoration). We found in our MPTP/exercise (MPTP+EX) group several measures of gait function that recovered compared to the MPTP only group. Although there was a small recovery of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive DA neurons in the SNpc and terminals in the striatum, this increase was not statistically significant. These small changes in TH could not explain the improvement of motor function. The MPTP group had a significant 170% increase in the glycosylated/non-glycosylated dopamine transporter (DAT) and a 200% increase in microglial marker, IBA-1, in the striatum. The MPTP+EX group showed a nearly full recovery of these markers back to the vehicle levels. There was an increase in GLT-1 levels in the striatum due to exercise, with no change in striatal BDNF protein expression. Our data suggest that motor recovery was not prompted by any significant restoration of DA neurons or terminals, but rather the recovery of DAT and dampening the inflammatory response. Although exercise does not promote recovery of nigrostriatal DA, it should be used in conjunction with pharmaceutical methods for controlling PD symptoms.
Collapse
|
9
|
Impact of adolescent alcohol use across the lifespan: Long-lasting tolerance to high-dose alcohol coupled with potentiated spatial memory impairments to moderate-dose alcohol. Alcohol 2017; 61:33-42. [PMID: 28479015 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how alcohol exposure during adolescence affects aging is a critical but understudied area. In the present study, male rats were exposed to either alcohol or saline during adolescence, then tested every 4 months following either an ethanol or saline challenge; animals were tested until postnatal day (PD) 532. It was found that long-lasting tolerance to high-dose ethanol exists through the test period, as measured by loss of righting reflex, while tolerance to lower doses of ethanol is not found. In addition, alcohol exposure during adolescence facilitated spatial memory impairments to acute ethanol challenges later in life. The current work demonstrates that exposure to ethanol during adolescent development can produce long-lasting detrimental impairments.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee S, Evans MA, Chu HX, Kim HA, Widdop RE, Drummond GR, Sobey CG. Effect of a Selective Mas Receptor Agonist in Cerebral Ischemia In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142087. [PMID: 26540167 PMCID: PMC4634944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional modulation of the non-AT1R arm of the renin-angiotensin system, such as via AT2R activation, is known to improve stroke outcome. However, the relevance of the Mas receptor, which along with the AT2R forms the protective arm of the renin-angiotensin system, as a target in stroke is unclear. Here we tested the efficacy of a selective MasR agonist, AVE0991, in in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke. Primary cortical neurons were cultured from E15-17 mouse embryos for 7–9 d, subjected to glucose deprivation for 24 h alone or with test drugs, and percentage cell death was determined using trypan blue exclusion assay. Additionally, adult male mice were subjected to 1 h middle cerebral artery occlusion and were administered either vehicle or AVE0991 (20 mg/kg i.p.) at the commencement of 23 h reperfusion. Some animals were also treated with the MasR antagonist, A779 (80 mg/kg i.p.) 1 h prior to surgery. Twenty-four h after MCAo, neurological deficits, locomotor activity and motor coordination were assessed in vivo, and infarct and edema volumes estimated from brain sections. Following glucose deprivation, application of AVE0991 (10−8 M to 10−6 M) reduced neuronal cell death by ~60% (P<0.05), an effect prevented by the MasR antagonist. By contrast, AVE0991 administration in vivo had no effect on functional or histological outcomes at 24 h following stroke. These findings indicate that the classical MasR agonist, AVE0991, can directly protect neurons from injury following glucose-deprivation. However, this effect does not translate into an improved outcome in vivo when administered systemically following stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Lee
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Megan A. Evans
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Hannah X. Chu
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Robert E. Widdop
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bullmann T, Seeger G, Stieler J, Hanics J, Reimann K, Kretzschmann TP, Hilbrich I, Holzer M, Alpár A, Arendt T. Tau phosphorylation-associated spine regression does not impair hippocampal-dependent memory in hibernating golden hamsters. Hippocampus 2015; 26:301-18. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bullmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
- Frey Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center; Japan
| | - Gudrun Seeger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Jens Stieler
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - János Hanics
- MTA-SE NAP B Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
- Department of Anatomy; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Katja Reimann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Tanja Petra Kretzschmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Isabel Hilbrich
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Max Holzer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Alán Alpár
- MTA-SE NAP B Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
- Department of Anatomy; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Thomas Arendt
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration; Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
A new humanized ataxin-3 knock-in mouse model combines the genetic features, pathogenesis of neurons and glia and late disease onset of SCA3/MJD. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 73:174-88. [PMID: 25301414 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3/MJD) is a neurodegenerative disease triggered by the expansion of CAG repeats in the ATXN3 gene. Here, we report the generation of the first humanized ataxin-3 knock-in mouse model (Ki91), which provides insights into the neuronal and glial pathology of SCA3/MJD. First, mutant ataxin-3 accumulated in cell nuclei across the Ki91 brain, showing diffused immunostaining and forming intranuclear inclusions. The humanized allele revealed expansion and contraction of CAG repeats in intergenerational transmissions. CAG mutation also exhibited age-dependent tissue-specific expansion, which was most prominent in the cerebellum, pons and testes of Ki91 animals. Moreover, Ki91 mice displayed neuroinflammatory processes, showing astrogliosis in the cerebellar white matter and the substantia nigra that paralleled the transcriptional deregulation of Serpina3n, a molecular sign of neurodegeneration and brain damage. Simultaneously, the cerebellar Purkinje cells in Ki91 mice showed neurodegeneration, a pronounced decrease in Calbindin D-28k immunoreactivity and a mild decrease in cell number, thereby modeling the degeneration of the cerebellum observed in SCA3. Moreover, these molecular and cellular neuropathologies were accompanied by late behavioral deficits in motor coordination observed in rotarod and static rod tests in heterozygous Ki91 animals. In summary, we created an ataxin-3 knock-in mouse model that combines the molecular and behavioral disease phenotypes with the genetic features of SCA3. This model will be very useful for studying the pathogenesis and responses to therapy of SCA3/MJD and other polyQ disorders.
Collapse
|
13
|
Griffin WC, McGovern RW, Bell GH, Randall PK, Middaugh LD, Patrick KS. Interactive effects of methylphenidate and alcohol on discrimination, conditioned place preference and motor coordination in C57BL/6J mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 225:613-25. [PMID: 22955568 PMCID: PMC3547134 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prior research indicates methylphenidate (MPH) and alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) interact to significantly affect responses humans and mice. The present studies tested the hypothesis that MPH and EtOH interact to potentiate ethanol-related behaviors in mice. METHODS We used several behavioral tasks including: drug discrimination in MPH-trained and EtOH-trained mice, conditioned place preference (CPP), rota-rod and the parallel rod apparatus. We also used gas chromatographic methods to measure brain tissue levels of EtOH and the D- and L-isomers of MPH and the metabolite, ethylphenidate (EPH). RESULTS In discrimination, EtOH (1 g/kg) produced a significant leftward shift in the MPH generalization curve (1-2 mg/kg) for MPH-trained mice, but no effects of MPH (0.625-1.25 mg/kg) on EtOH discrimination in EtOH-trained mice (0-2.5 g/kg) were observed. In CPP, the MPH (1.25 mg/kg) and EtOH (1.75 g/kg) combination significantly increased time on the drug paired side compared to vehicle (30.7 %), but this was similar to MPH (28.8 %) and EtOH (33.6 %). Footslip errors measured in a parallel rod apparatus indicated that the drug combination was very ataxic, with footslips increasing 29.5 % compared to EtOH. Finally, brain EtOH concentrations were not altered by 1.75 g/kg EtOH combined with 1.25 mg/kg MPH. However, EtOH significantly increased D-MPH and L-EPH without changing L-MPH brain concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The enhanced behavioral effects when EtOH is combined with MPH are likely due to the selective increase in brain D-MPH concentrations. These studies are consistent with observations in humans of increased interoceptive awareness of the drug combination and provide new clinical perspectives regarding enhanced ataxic effects of this drug combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William C. Griffin
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-0742
| | | | - Guinevere H. Bell
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-0742
| | - Patrick K. Randall
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-0742
| | - Lawrence D. Middaugh
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-0742
,Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-0742
| | - Kennerly S. Patrick
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-0742
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Crabbe JC, Kruse LC, Colville AM, Cameron AJ, Spence SE, Schlumbohm JP, Huang LC, Metten P. Ethanol sensitivity in high drinking in the dark selectively bred mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:1162-70. [PMID: 22316249 PMCID: PMC3349784 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse lines are being selectively bred in replicate for high blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) achieved after a short period of ethanol (EtOH) drinking early in the circadian dark phase. High Drinking in the Dark-1 (HDID-1) mice were in selected generation S18, and the replicate HDID-2 line in generation S11. METHODS To determine other traits genetically correlated with high DID, we compared naïve animals from both lines with the unselected, segregating progenitor stock, HS/Npt. Differences between HDID-1 and HS would imply commonality of genetic influences on DID and these traits. RESULTS HDID-1 mice showed less basal activity, greater EtOH stimulated activity, and greater sensitivity to EtOH-induced foot slips than HS. They showed lesser sensitivity to acute EtOH hypothermia and longer duration loss of righting reflex than HS. HDID-1 and control HS lines did not differ in sensitivity on 2 measures of intoxication, the balance beam and the accelerating rotarod. None of the acute response results could be explained by differences in EtOH metabolism. HDID-2 differed from HS on some, but not all, of the above responses. CONCLUSIONS These results show that some EtOH responses share common genetic control with reaching high BECs after DID, a finding consistent with other data regarding genetic contributions to EtOH responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John C Crabbe
- Portland Alcohol Research Center, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, and VA Medical Center, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Goldberg NR, Fields V, Pflibsen L, Salvatore MF, Meshul CK. Social enrichment attenuates nigrostriatal lesioning and reverses motor impairment in a progressive 1-methyl-2-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2012; 45:1051-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2011.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
16
|
Philibin SD, Cameron AJ, Schlumbohm JP, Metten P, Crabbe JC. Ethanol withdrawal-induced motor impairment in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 220:367-78. [PMID: 21947288 PMCID: PMC3939695 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Human ethanol withdrawal manifests as multiple behavioral deficits with distinct time courses. Most studies with mice index ethanol withdrawal severity with the handling-induced convulsion (HIC). Using the accelerating rotarod (ARR), we recently showed that ethanol withdrawal produced motor impairment. OBJECTIVES This study aimed (a) to characterize further the ARR withdrawal trait, (b) to assess generalizability across additional behavioral assays, and (c) to test the genetic correlation between ethanol withdrawal ARR impairment and HICs. RESULTS The severity of the ARR performance deficit depends on ethanol vapor dose and exposure duration, and lasts 1-4 days. Fatigue could not explain the deficits, which were also evident after intermittent exposure to ethanol vapor. Withdrawing mice were also impaired on a balance beam, but not on a static dowel or in foot slip errors per distance traveled in the parallel rod floor test, where they showed reduced locomotor activity. To assess genetic influences, we compared Withdrawal Seizure-Prone and -Resistant mice, genetically selected to express severe vs. mild withdrawal HICs, respectively. The ARR scores were approximately equivalent in all groups treated with ethanol vapor, though Withdrawal Seizure-Prone (WSP) mice may have displayed a slightly more severe deficit as control-treated WSP mice performed better than control-treated Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant mice. CONCLUSIONS These studies show that ethanol withdrawal motor impairment is sensitive to a range of ethanol doses and lasts for several days. Multiple assays of behavioral impairment are affected, but the effects depend on the assay employed. Genetic contributions to withdrawal-induced ARR impairment appear largely distinct from those leading to severe or mild HICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Philibin
- Portland Alcohol Research Center, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University and VA Medical Center (R&D 12), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hunsaker MR. Comprehensive neurocognitive endophenotyping strategies for mouse models of genetic disorders. Prog Neurobiol 2012; 96:220-41. [PMID: 22266125 PMCID: PMC3289520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for refinement of the current behavioral phenotyping methods for mouse models of genetic disorders. The current approach is to perform a behavioral screen using standardized tasks to define a broad phenotype of the model. This phenotype is then compared to what is known concerning the disorder being modeled. The weakness inherent in this approach is twofold: First, the tasks that make up these standard behavioral screens do not model specific behaviors associated with a given genetic mutation but rather phenotypes affected in various genetic disorders; secondly, these behavioral tasks are insufficiently sensitive to identify subtle phenotypes. An alternate phenotyping strategy is to determine the core behavioral phenotypes of the genetic disorder being studied and develop behavioral tasks to evaluate specific hypotheses concerning the behavioral consequences of the genetic mutation. This approach emphasizes direct comparisons between the mouse and human that facilitate the development of neurobehavioral biomarkers or quantitative outcome measures for studies of genetic disorders across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hunsaker
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mao P, Meshul CK, Thuillier P, Goldberg NRS, Reddy PH. CART peptide is a potential endogenous antioxidant and preferentially localized in mitochondria. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29343. [PMID: 22235287 PMCID: PMC3250433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional neuropeptide Cocaine and Amphetamine Regulated Transcript (CART) is secreted from hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal gland and pancreas. It also can be found in circulatory system. This feature suggests a general role for CART in different cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that CART protects mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cellular proteins and lipids against the oxidative action of hydrogen peroxide, a widely used oxidant. Using cis-parinaric acid as a sensitive reporting probe for peroxidation in membranes, and a lipid-soluble azo initiator of peroxyl radicals, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) we found that CART is an antioxidant. Furthermore, we found that CART localized to mitochondria in cultured cells and mouse brain neuronal cells. More importantly, pretreatment with CART by systemic injection protects against a mouse oxidative stress model, which mimics the main features of Parkinson's disease. Given the unique molecular structure and biological features of CART, we conclude that CART is an antioxidant peptide (or antioxidant hormone). We further propose that it may have strong therapeutic properties for human diseases in which oxidative stress is strongly involved such as Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peizhong Mao
- The Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Anatomically defined neuron-based rescue of neurodegenerative Niemann-Pick type C disorder. J Neurosci 2011; 31:4367-78. [PMID: 21430138 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5981-10.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C disease is a fatal lysosomal storage disorder caused by loss of NPC1 function. The disorder severely affects multiple body systems, particularly the nervous system. To test whether rescue of NPC1 activity in neurons, astrocytes, or other cell types can correct the neurological defects, a Tet-inducible Npc1-YFP transgene was introduced into Npc1(-/-) mice for the cell type-specific rescue of NPC1 loss. NPC1-YFP produced in neurons prevented neuron degeneration, slowed reactive glial activity, and ameliorated the disease. NPC1-YFP produced in astrocytes or in cells of visceral tissue did not. These results suggest that loss of NPC1 activity from neurons is the primary cause of the neuropathology and that rescue of NPC1 function in neurons is sufficient to mitigate the disease. The ability of neurons to survive and function in a cell-autonomous fashion allowed the use of this newly engineered rescue system to further define the brain regions or neuron populations required to ameliorate a neurological symptom. NPC1-YFP produced specifically in cerebellar Purkinje neurons reduced ataxia, increased weight, and prolonged life, but it did not prevent the eventual decline and premature death of Npc1(-/-) mice. Significant increase in lifespan correlated with sustained reduction of inflammation in the thalamus. Neuron rescue of other forebrain areas provided little benefit. Future work targeting increasingly discrete neuronal networks should reveal which CNS areas are critical for survival. This work may have broad implications for understanding the anatomical and cellular basis of neurological signs and symptoms of other neurodegenerative and lysosomal disorders.
Collapse
|
20
|
Smith BA, Goldberg NRS, Meshul CK. Effects of treadmill exercise on behavioral recovery and neural changes in the substantia nigra and striatum of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse. Brain Res 2011; 1386:70-80. [PMID: 21315689 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our goal was to extend our understanding of the neural changes behind motor recovery with treadmill exercise in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned mouse. We determined the extent of dopamine (DA) terminal changes using Western immunoblotting [striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)] and alterations in the mean number of DA cells/section by immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining [TH-labeled cells and thionin-stained cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC)]. We measured recovery of gait performance and amount of spontaneous physical activity using the parallel rod activity chamber (PRAC). We hypothesized that the decrease in TH-labeled neurons in the SN-PC due to MPTP will be partially reversed by treadmill exercise, leading to recovery of motor behavior as measured by the PRAC. Following MPTP or vehicle administration, mice ran on the treadmill for 1h/day at 18cm/s, 5days/week. Results showed that treadmill exercise improves gait performance and increases physical activity while promoting increased protein expression of striatal DAT and TH. Exercise was effective for all mice; however, effects of early treadmill-based intervention appear to have an additional and unique benefit in mice who received MPTP. We are the first to show that, even following a nearly 50% decrease in the mean number of TH-labeled neurons/section in the SN-PC following MPTP, treadmill exercise leads to an increase of neurons in the SN-PC and improved motor behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Smith
- Balance Disorders Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University West Campus, 505 NW 185th Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kamens HM, Andersen J, Picciotto MR. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist varenicline increases the ataxic and sedative-hypnotic effects of acute ethanol administration in C57BL/6J mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2010; 34:2053-60. [PMID: 20946306 PMCID: PMC2988947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The costs associated with alcohol abuse are staggering, therefore much effort has been put into developing new pharmacologic strategies to decrease alcohol abuse. Recently, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonist varenicline has been shown to decrease ethanol consumption in both humans and animal models. METHODS We examined the effects of varenicline on the ataxic and sedative-hypnotic effects of ethanol. First, varenicline was administered prior to placement in a locomotor activity chamber to determine whether varenicline influenced baseline locomotor activity. To determine the effect of nicotinic modulation on ethanol-induced motor incoordination, varenicline was administered 30 minutes prior to an acute ethanol injection and then mice were tested on the balance beam, dowel test, or fixed-speed rotarod. To examine ethanol's sedative-hypnotic effects, varenicline was administered 30 minutes prior to 4 g/kg ethanol and the duration of loss of righting reflex (LORR) was measured. RESULTS Varenicline markedly reduced baseline locomotor activity in C57BL/6J mice. Varenicline increased ethanol-induced ataxia when measured on the balance beam and dowel test but had no effect when measured on the fixed-speed rotarod. Pretreatment with varenicline increased the duration of LORR. CONCLUSIONS These data provide evidence that nAChRs may be involved in the ataxic and sedative effects of ethanol. It is possible that one mechanism that could contribute to the ability of varenicline to decrease ethanol consumption may be through increasing negative behavioral effects of alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Kamens
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06508, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Crabbe JC, Cameron AJ, Munn E, Bunning M, Wahlsten D. Overview of mouse assays of ethanol intoxication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; Chapter 9:Unit 9.26. [PMID: 18428672 DOI: 10.1002/0471142301.ns0926s42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There are many behavioral assays to assess sensitivity to ethanol intoxication in mice. Most are simple to implement, and are sensitive to a particular dose range of ethanol. Most reflect genetic influences, and each test appears to reflect the contribution of a relatively distinct collection of genes. This genetic heterogeneity implies that no single test can claim to capture the construct "ethanol intoxication" completely. Depending on the test, and when measurements are made, acute functional tolerance to even a single dose of ethanol must be considered as a contributing factor. Whether or not a test is conducted in naïve mice or as part of a test battery can influence sensitivity, and do so in a strain-dependent manner. This unit reviews existing tests and recommends several.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The parallel rod floor test is a new model of ataxia in mice. It allows the simultaneous measurement of ataxia and locomotor activity. This protocol is designed for researchers examining ethanol-induced motor incoordination in mice, but it should be applicable to other sedative/hypnotic drugs and to testing cerebellar mutant mice or mice with engineered genetic defects. This protocol takes 3 d, with the time per day depending on how many animals are tested. The test allows researchers to quantify differences in motor coordination among genotypes of mice that may differ in locomotor activity. Unlike many other methods for assessing incoordination, the parallel rod floor test yields similar patterns of genetic sensitivity across a range of variant forms of the apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Kamens
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schwandt ML, Barr CS, Suomi SJ, Higley JD. Age-dependent variation in behavior following acute ethanol administration in male and female adolescent rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2007; 31:228-37. [PMID: 17250614 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been considerable focus on the adolescent stage of development in the study of alcohol use and the etiology of alcohol-related problems. Because adolescence is a process of dynamic change rather than a discrete or static stage of development, it is important to consider ontogenetic changes in the response to ethanol within the adolescent time period. In rodents, levels of ethanol-induced motor impairment have been shown to increase from early to late adolescence. This study investigated associations between behavior following acute ethanol administration and age, rearing condition (mother-reared vs nursery-reared), and serotonin transporter (rh5-HTTLPR) genotype in a sample of alcohol-naïve adolescent rhesus macaques. METHODS Rhesus macaques (n=97; 41 males, 56 females), ranging in age from 28 to 48 months, were administered intravenous (IV) doses of ethanol (2.2 g/kg for males, 2.0 g/kg for females) twice in 2 separate testing sessions. A saline/ethanol group (n=16; 8 males, 6 females) was administered saline in 1 testing session and ethanol in the second session. Following each IV injection, subjects underwent a 30-minute general motor behavioral assessment. Behavior in the saline/ethanol group was compared between the saline and ethanol-testing sessions using analysis of variance. Behavioral data for the larger study sample were averaged between the 2 testing sessions and summarized using factor analysis. Rotated factor scores were used as dependent variables in multiple regression analyses to test for relationships between behavior and age, rearing condition, and rh5-HTTLPR genotype. RESULTS During the ethanol-testing session, behaviors indicative of motor impairment (stumbles, falls, sways, bumping the wall, and unsuccessful jumps) were frequently observed in the saline/ethanol group, while they did not occur under the saline-testing session. Factor analysis of behavior following ethanol administration in the larger study sample yielded 3 factors: Ataxia, Impaired Jumping Ability, and Stimulation. Significant negative correlations between age and Ataxia were found for both males and females. Females also exhibited positive correlations between age and Impaired Jumping Ability and age and Stimulation. No significant correlations were found with either rearing condition or rh5-HTTLPR genotype. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ontogenetic changes during adolescence in the behavioral response to ethanol differ between rodents and primates. Furthermore, sex differences in the behavioral response to ethanol appear to develop during adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Schwandt
- Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies, National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Animal Center, Poolesville, Maryland 20837-0529, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|