1
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Meng Q, Chen Y, Cui L, Wei Y, Li T, Yuan P. Comprehensive analysis of biological landscape of oxidative stress-related genes in diabetic erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:627-635. [PMID: 38145980 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-023-00814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic erectile dysfunction, while specific mechanisms have not been illuminated. The study aims to reveal the genetic expression patterns of oxidative stress in diabetic erectile dysfunction. Transcriptome data of diabetic erectile dysfunction and oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) in the Gene Expression Omnibus database were downloaded and analyzed based on differential expression. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to clarify the biological functions. A protein interaction framework was established, and significant gene profiles were validated in the cavernous endothelial cells, clinical patients, and rat models. A miRNA-OSRGs network was predicted and validated. The results were analyzed using Student's t-test. The analysis screened 203 differentially expressed OSRGs (p < 0.05), which had a close association with oxidoreductase activities, glutathione metabolism, and autophagy. A four-gene signature comprised of EPS8L2 (p = 0.044), GSTA3 (p = 0.015), LOX (p < 0.001) and MGST1 (p = 0.002) was well validated and regarded as the hub OSRGs. Compared with the control group, notable increases and decreases were observed in the expressions of GSTA3 (3.683 ± 0.636 vs. 0.416 ± 0.507) and LOX (2.104 ± 1.895 vs. 18.804 ± 2.751) in the validated diabetic erectile dysfunction group. The hub OSRGs-related miRNAs participated in smooth muscle cell proliferation. Besides, miR-125a-3p (p = 0.034) and miR-138-2-3p (p = 0.012) were validated as promising oxidative stress-related miRNA biomarkers. Our findings revealed the genetic alternations of oxidative stress in diabetic erectile dysfunction. These results will be instructive to explore the molecular landscape and the potential treatment for diabetic erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yinwei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Lingang Cui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yinsheng Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Penghui Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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2
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Kaltsas A, Zikopoulos A, Dimitriadis F, Sheshi D, Politis M, Moustakli E, Symeonidis EN, Chrisofos M, Sofikitis N, Zachariou A. Oxidative Stress and Erectile Dysfunction: Pathophysiology, Impacts, and Potential Treatments. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:8807-8834. [PMID: 39194738 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition affecting men's sexual health, with oxidative stress (OS) having recently been identified as a significant contributing causative factor. This narrative review aims to elucidate the role of OS in the pathophysiology of ED, focusing on impact, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic interventions. Key findings indicate that OS disrupts endothelial function and nitric oxide (NO) signaling, crucial for erectile function. Various sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their detrimental effects on penile tissue are discussed, including aging, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, obesity, alcohol consumption, psychological stress, hyperhomocysteinemia, chronic kidney disease, and sickle cell disease. Major sources of ROS, such as NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, uncoupled endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and mitochondrial electron transport, are identified. NO is scavenged by these ROS, leading to endothelial dysfunction characterized by reduced NO availability, impaired vasodilation, increased vascular tone, and inflammation. This ultimately results in ED due to decreased blood flow to penile tissue and the inability to achieve or maintain an erection. Furthermore, ROS impact the transmission of nitrergic neurotransmitters by causing the death of nitrergic neurons and reducing the signaling of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), exacerbating ED. Therapeutic approaches targeting OS, including antioxidants and lifestyle modifications, show promise in ameliorating ED symptoms. The review underscores the need for further research to develop effective treatments, emphasizing the interplay between OS and vascular health in ED. Integrating pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies could enhance clinical outcomes for ED patients, advocating for OS management in ED treatment protocols to improve patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Kaltsas
- Third Department of Urology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Danja Sheshi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Magdalena Politis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Efthalia Moustakli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos N Symeonidis
- Department of Urology II, European Interbalkan Medical Center, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Chrisofos
- Third Department of Urology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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3
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Chen M, Zhang Z, Zhou R, Li B, Jiang J, Shi B. The relationship between oxidative balance score and erectile dysfunction in the U.S. male adult population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10746. [PMID: 38730004 PMCID: PMC11087471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress strongly influences the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction (ED). In this study, we used the oxidative balance score (OBS), a composite index, to measure the effects of oxidative stress triggered by diet and lifestyle factors. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the statistical relationship between OBS and ED among adult males in the U.S. The data from 3318 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2004 were analyzed. Weighted logistic regression was used to correct for confounding factors and acquire nationwide representative estimates. Generalized additive modeling was used to explore the nonlinear relationship. We also supplemented subgroup and sensitivity analysis to examine the robustness of the main results. Multivariate logistic regression indicated a consistent negative linear association between OBS and ED across all participants [OR (95% CI) = 0.96 (0.94, 0.98)]. After categorizing OBS into tertiles, participants in the highest tertile had 43% lower odds of having ED than those in the lowest tertile [OR (95% CI) = 0.57 (0.37, 0.87)]. The generalized additive model also visualized the linear trend of this association. Furthermore, this linear relationship remained relatively consistent, regardless of whether subgroup or sensitivity analyses were performed. Our findings suggest that adopting a lifestyle and diet pattern that promotes favorable OBS may effectively protect against the development of ED, regardless of the underlying causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutong Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Zhongfu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Clinical Psychology/Psychosomatic Medicine Department, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baizhi Li
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jiahao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bentao Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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Tang Z, Song J, Yu Z, Cui K, Ruan Y, Liu Y, Wang T, Wang S, Liu J, Yang J. Inhibition of MicroRNA-92a Improved Erectile Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction. World J Mens Health 2023; 41:142-154. [PMID: 35274504 PMCID: PMC9826907 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether microRNA could be a therapy target of erectile dysfunction (ED) and the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight-week-old fasting male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to construct diabetic rat models. Diabetic ED rats were treated with miRNA-92a inhibitor. The cavernous nerves were electrically stimulated to measure the intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure of rats in each group. After the detection, the penile cavernous tissues are properly stored for subsequent experiments. Rat aortic endothelial cells were used in in vitro studies. RESULTS The expression of miR-92a was significantly increased in the corpus cavernosum of Streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and injection of miR-92a antagomir into the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats significantly increased eNOS/NO/cGMP signaling pathway activities, cavernous endothelial cell proliferation, endothelial cell-cell junction protein expression and decreased the levels of oxidative stress. These changes restored erectile function in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Moreover, in vitro study demonstrated that the miR-92a expression increased significantly in endothelial cells treated with high glucose, inhibiting AMPK/eNOS and AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in rat aortic endothelial cells via targeting Prkaa2, causing endothelial dysfunction and overactive oxidative stress, miR-92a inhibitor can improve the above parameters. CONCLUSIONS miRNA-92a inhibitor could exert an inhibition role on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction to improve diabetic ED effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyu Song
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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5
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Adefegha SA, Oboh G, Adedipe AO. Aqueous extract of
Massularia acuminata
exerts erectogenic effect by modulating critical enzymes and hormones in streptozotocin‐induced erectile dysfunction in rats. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14629. [DOI: 10.1111/and.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) Akure Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) Akure Nigeria
| | - Abraham Olanrewaju Adedipe
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) Akure Nigeria
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6
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Yin GN. Pericyte-derived heme-binding protein 1 promotes angiogenesis and improves erectile function in diabetic mice. Investig Clin Urol 2022; 63:464-474. [PMID: 35796141 PMCID: PMC9262492 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To comprehensively evaluate the effect on angiogenesis of heme-binding protein 1 (Hebp1) in the treatment of diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse corpus cavernosum endothelial cells and pericytes were used for in vitro study. Four groups of mice were used: control nondiabetic mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice receiving two intracavernous injections of phosphate-buffered saline, Hebp1 (1 µg), or Hebp1 (5 µg). The function of Hebp1 in diabetic conditions was evaluated by tube formation assay, aorta ring assay, migration assay, intracavernous pressure, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot experiments. RESULTS We report that Hebp1 is more highly expressed in mouse corpus cavernosum pericytes and can effectively promote endothelial cell angiogenesis under high-glucose conditions. Following exogenous administration of Hebp1 protein, we found that elevated Hebp1 levels can improve the erectile function of diabetic mice, which is achieved by reducing reactive oxygen species levels and activating the PI3K/AKT/eNOS signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that Hebp1 can promote angiogenesis and improve erectile function under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Nan Yin
- Department of Urology, National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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7
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Yang CC, Liao PH, Cheng YH, Chien CY, Cheng KH, Chien CT. Diabetes associated with hypertension exacerbated oxidative stress-mediated inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy leading to erectile dysfunction in rats. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:346-357. [PMID: 35019864 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes or hypertension contributes to erectile dysfunction (ED). We hypothesized that excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production evoked by diabetes combined with hypertension may further suppress endothelial nitric oxide (NO) expression/activity and promote oxidative stress in the ED penis. METHODS Twenty-four adult male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into four groups: normal WKY, diabetic WKY, normal SHR and diabetic SHR. Intraperitoneal streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) was applied to induce type I diabetes. After 4-week diabetes and/or hypertension induction, we determined the intra-cavernous pressure (ICP) using electrical stimulation of cavernous nerves, intra-cavernosum NO amount using an electrochemical NO probe, and blood ROS using an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence-amplified analyzer. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the pathophysiologic mechanisms of inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in the penis. A novel NO donor, CysaCysd Lu-5 (CCL5, (RCH2CH2S)(R'R"CHCH2S)Fe(NO)2, 1-4 µg), was intravenously administered to these ED rats for evaluating their ICP responses. RESULTS In the baseline status, the lucigenin- and luminol-amplified blood ROS were significantly enhanced in the diabetic SHR rats vs normal WKY rats. Significantly decreased ICP, eNOS expression and NO amount were found in the normal SHR, diabetic WKY, and diabetic SHR vs normal WKY rats. Intravenous NO donor L-Arginine markedly increased ICP and NO amount, whereas eNOS inhibitor, Nω-Nitro-L-Arginine methyl ester hydrochloride depressed ICP in all four groups. Diabetes and/or hypertension alone increased fibrosis, proinflammatory NF-kB/ICAM-1 expression, mast cell numbers, CD68 expression and infiltration, Caspase 3-mediated apoptosis, Beclin-1/LC3-II-mediated autophagy and mild Nrf-2/HO-1 expression and depressed eNOS expression in the ED penis. The novel NO donor, CCL5, was more efficient than L-arginine to improve diabetes and/or hypertension-induced ED by the significant increase of ICP. CONCLUSION Diabetes combined with hypertension synergistically exacerbated ED through enhanced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy and depressed eNOS activity and NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Yang
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Office of Public Relation of Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for General Education, Mackay College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-Hao Liao
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hsiuan Cheng
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Yen Chien
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Hsin Cheng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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8
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Ghatak K, Yin GN, Hong SS, Kang JH, Suh JK, Ryu JK. Heat Shock Protein 70 in Penile Neurovascular Regeneration Requires Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase. World J Mens Health 2022; 40:580-599. [PMID: 36047068 PMCID: PMC9482852 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetes mellitus, one of the major causes of erectile dysfunction, leads to a poor response to phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a ubiquitous molecular chaperone, is known to play a role in cell survival and neuroprotection. Here, we aimed to assess whether and how Hsp70 improves erectile function in diabetic mice. Materials and Methods Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice and Hsp70-Tg mice were used in this study. We injected Hsp70 protein into the penis of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Detailed mechanisms were evaluated in WT or Hsp70-Tg mice under normal and diabetic conditions. Primary MCECs, and MPG and DRG tissues were cultivated under normal-glucose and high-glucose conditions. Results Using Hsp70-Tg mice or Hsp70 protein administration, we demonstrate that elevated levels of Hsp70 restores erectile function in diabetic mice. We found that cystathionine gamma-lyase (Cse) is a novel target of Hsp70 in this process, showing that Hsp70-Cse acts through the SDF1/HO-1/PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NF-κB p65 pathway to exert its neurovascular regeneration-promoting effects. Coimmunoprecipitation and pull-down assays using mouse cavernous endothelial cells treated with Hsp70 demonstrated physical interactions between Hsp70 and Cse with a dissociation constant of 1.8 nmol/L. Conclusions Our findings provide novel and solid evidence that Hsp70 acts through a Cse-dependent mechanism to mediate neurovascular regeneration and restoration of erectile function under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Ghatak
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medicinal Toxicology Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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9
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Pathological Role of Reactive Oxygen Species on Female Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:201-220. [PMID: 36472824 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), a clinical predicament characterized by a shift in homeostatic imbalance among prooxidant molecules embracing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), along with antioxidant defenses, has been established to play an indispensable part in the pathophysiology of subfertility in both human males and females. ROS are highly reactive oxidizing by-products generated during critical oxygen-consuming processes or aerobic metabolism. A healthy body system has its own course of action to maintain the equilibrium between prooxidants and antioxidants with an efficient defense system to fight against ROS. But when ROS production crosses its threshold, the disturbance in homeostatic balance results in OS. Besides their noxious effects, literature studies have depicted that controlled and adequate ROS concentrations exert physiologic functions, especially that gynecologic OS is an important mediator of conception in females. Yet the impact of ROS on oocytes and reproductive functions still needs a strong attestation for further analysis because the disruption in prooxidant and antioxidant balance leads to abrupt ROS generation initiating multiple reproductive diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and unexplained infertility in addition to other impediments in pregnancy such as recurrent pregnancy loss, spontaneous abortion, and preeclampsia. The current article elucidates the skeptical state of affairs created by ROS that influences female fertility.
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10
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Fan J, Peng T, Hui J, Ding W, He B, Zhang H, Wei A. Erectile Dysfunction in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Predictors of Early Detection and Treatment. Urol Int 2021; 105:986-992. [PMID: 33951654 DOI: 10.1159/000514700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify risk factors and potential predictors of erectile dysfunction (ED) in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients for early detection and treatment. METHODS A retrospective cohort was used to assess the clinical data of 105 diabetic patients with ED from May 2019 to April 2020 age-matched to 105 diabetic patients without ED. Potential risk factors that could contribute to ED were compared between the groups. Erectile function was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire. RESULTS There were higher rates of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (p = 0.036) and retinopathy (p < 0.001), longer duration of diabetes (p < 0.001), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.010) values, and higher uric acid (p < 0.001) and C-reactive protein (p = 0.001) levels in the ED group compared to the non-ED group. Multivariate logistic analysis identified uric acid, diabetic retinopathy, and T2DM course as independent predictors of diabetic ED. Diabetics with retinopathy and T2DM for ≥49 months were 3.028 and 3.860 times more likely to have ED, respectively. Uric acid values ≥392.5 μmol/L were associated with 18.638 times greater risk of having ED, though the values were within normal range. CONCLUSION In T2DM patients, higher uric acid (≥392.5 μmol/L), longer diabetes duration (≥49 months), and the presence of diabetic retinopathy were important and reliable predictors for diabetic ED. For patients who have high risk factors for developing ED, diligent screening and early treatment are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Fan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianwen Peng
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Hui
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Binglin He
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anyang Wei
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Zacharie N, Dieudonné ML, Modeste WN, Ide NM, Landry KB, Emma B, Noël E, Armel M, Yebga T, G MPV, Camille NND. Potential activity of Aframomum daniellii (Zingiberaceae) dry seeds: A case study of its action mechanism on the Wistar rat strain with testicular deficiency. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110759. [PMID: 33152923 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was undertaken to evaluate the biological activity of the aqueous extract of the dry seeds of Aframomum daniellii seeds on the copulatory performance of rats with testicular deficiency. Hypogonadal adult male rats (30) were divided into 6 groups: group I received distilled water (10 ml/kg), group II received sildenafil citrate (5 mg/kg), group III received intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate (3. 6 mg/kg), group IV, V, and VI received the aqueous extract of A. daniellii at the respective doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/po/day for 14 days. The copulatory performance of the animals were assessed on days 1, 7 and 14 through the following copulation parameters: Mount, intromission, and ejaculation latency (ML, IL, and EL) and frequency (MF, IF and EF), average interval of copulation (AIC) and post-ejaculatory interval (PEI)). We noticed a significant decrease of ML (p < 0.05), IL (p < 0.01), EL (p < 0.001) and the increase of MF, IF and EF (p < 0.01) particularly at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg when compared to group I and II. In addition, we noticed a significant increase of AIC from day 7 (p < 0.05) to day 14 (p < 0.001) at the same two doses while the PEI significantly decreased from the 1st (p < 0.01) to the 14th day (p < 0.001) when compared to group I and II. These findings demonstrated that A. daniellii aqueous extract of seeds enhanced pro-sexual potential and pro-sexual desire in male rats with testicular deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nde Zacharie
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Massoma Lembè Dieudonné
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
| | - Wankeu Nya Modeste
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Ngaha Marie Ide
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Koloko Brice Landry
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Bend Emma
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Etaga Noël
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Mbock Armel
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Toham Yebga
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Mboumwa Paul Valerie G
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Nyonseu Nzeubang Doriane Camille
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Douala University, PO Box: 24157, Douala, Cameroon
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Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaf Extract Improves Erectile Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Protecting Endothelial Function and Ameliorating Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis Function. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1782953. [PMID: 31467570 PMCID: PMC6699366 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1782953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is used as a traditional medicine for male impotence, but no systematic study has examined its effect on diabetes-associated ED. In this study, we investigated the effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaf extract (EULE) on restoring erectile function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats model. After 16 weeks of treatment, EULE administration had significantly increased intracavernosal pressure, nitric oxide (NO) levels, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentrations. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were markedly higher and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were lower in the EULE-treated groups than in the diabetic model group. EULE restored NO biosynthesis by significantly increasing protein kinase B (Akt) and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation. Furthermore, EULE is likely to benefit the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, as it increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) concentrations as well as hormone receptors Gnrhr, Fshr, and Lhr expression levels. Hence, EULE attenuates oxidative stress, increases NO production, and activates the Akt-eNOS pathway to restore endothelial function; moreover, EULE enhances the HPG axis to improve erectile function. These results suggest that EULE may represent a new therapeutic avenue for diabetes-associated ED.
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13
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Trends in erectile dysfunction research from 2008 to 2018: a bibliometric analysis. Int J Impot Res 2019; 32:409-419. [PMID: 31235897 PMCID: PMC7358204 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient penile erection to facilitate vaginal penetration is a medical condition referred to as erectile dysfunction (ED). By the year 2025, the number of ED cases across the world is expected to reach 322 million. There are numerous publications and studies in the field of ED over the past decades. Our aim is to comprehensively analyze the global scientific outputs of ED research and show the trends and hotspots in ED research. Data of publications were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection. We used CiteSpace IV and Excel 2016 to analyze literature information, including journals, countries/regions, institutes, authors, citation reports, and research frontiers. Until October 26, 2018, a total of 8880 papers in ED research were identified as published between 2008 and 2018. Journal of Sexual Medicine published the most articles. The United States contributed the most publications and occupied leading positions in H-index value and the number of ESI top papers. Maggi M owned the highest co-citations. The keyword "Oxidative stress" ranked first in the research front-line. The amount of articles published in ED research has been stable from 2008 to 2018. The United States showed enormous progress in ED research, and is still the dominant country. Oxidative stress, vardenafil, and late-onset hypogonadism were the latest research frontiers and should be paid more attention.
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Qiao H, Zhang Y, Lin W, Wang YF, Furdui CM, Jiang Q, Li X, Long T, Wang Y, Qin DN. Decreased expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor within the penile tissues contributes to erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:2175-2188. [PMID: 30232174 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation are major contributors to the development and progression of diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction (DMED). As an endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factor, the potential implication of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in DMED has not been revealed. To assess the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of PEDF in DMED, we first demonstrated that PEDF was significantly decreased at the levels of the mRNA and protein in the penis of diabetic rats compared with normal controls. To test the hypothesis that decreased the penile levels of PEDF are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in DMED, an adenovirus expressing PEDF (Ad-PEDF) or the same titer of control virus (Ad-GFP) was intracavernously administered at 2 weeks after diabetic onset. After 6 weeks of treatment, we found that administration of Ad-PEDF could significantly increase erectile response to cavernosal nerve stimulation in the diabetic rats by restoring the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), P-eNOS, and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) protein levels to the standard levels represented in normal rats and by suppressing the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the present data indicated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of PEDF plays important role in restoring erectile function by the inhibition of oxidative stress and TNF-α production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Qiao
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, U.S.A
| | - Wenwen Lin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, U.S.A
| | - Qiuling Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ting Long
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yunguang Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Da-Nian Qin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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15
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Alkan I, Yüksel M, Özveri H, Atalay A, Canat HL, Culha MG, Arabacı Ç, Bozkurt M, Başar M. Semen reactive oxygen species levels are correlated with erectile function among chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients. Int J Impot Res 2018; 30:335-341. [PMID: 30068978 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-018-0047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS) is often associated with erectile dysfunction (ED). However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of ED occurrence are still unclear in patients with CP/CPPS. The aim of the study was to investigate superoxide anion (O2•-) and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in semen of men with category IIIA CP/CPPS and their association with ED. This prospective study included 33 men with category IIIA CP/CPPS. Control group consisted of 13 healthy men. Total ROS and O2•- production were assayed by luminol and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) methods, respectively. ED was evaluated using the IIEF-5 questionnaire. Patients with CP/CPPS had significantly higher seminal total ROS and O2•- levels than healthy control subjects (2.9 ± 0.5 relative light unit (RLU) vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 RLU, p < 0.001; luminol-dependent CL and 2.5 ± 0.4 RLU vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 RLU, p = 0.02; lucigenin-dependent CL, respectively). Seminal O2•- and ROS levels were negatively correlated with IIEF-5 scores (r = -0.556, r = -0.536; p < 0.001, respectively). These results may suggest O2•-/ROS overproduction could be one of the important mechanisms in the etiology of ED development in CP/CPPS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilter Alkan
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Meral Yüksel
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Vocational School of Health-Related Services, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Özveri
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anıl Atalay
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil Lütfi Canat
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gokhan Culha
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Arabacı
- Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muammer Bozkurt
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murad Başar
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Memorial Şişli Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Hu L, Qi S, Zhang K, Fu Q. Essential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) in diabetic erectile dysfunction. Andrologia 2017; 50. [PMID: 29159909 DOI: 10.1111/and.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hu
- Department of Urology; Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Jinan China
- Department of Urology; Shandong Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital; Zaozhuang China
| | - S. Qi
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital; Zaozhuang China
| | - K. Zhang
- Department of Urology; Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Q. Fu
- Department of Urology; Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Jinan China
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17
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Wang X, Liu C, Xu Y, Chen P, Shen Y, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Chen W, Zhang X, Ouyang Y, Wang Y, Xie C, Zhou M, Liu C. Combination of mesenchymal stem cell injection with icariin for the treatment of diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174145. [PMID: 28350842 PMCID: PMC5369760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to examine whether icariin, a traditional Chinese medicine, could improve therapeutic effects of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) for diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction (DMED). DMED were induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and confirmed by erectile function measurement. Then, rats of diabetic ED were randomly divided to receive the treatment of saline, ADSCs, icariin or ADSCs combined with icariin respectively. Compared with the treatment by ADSCs or icariin alone, intracavernosum injection of ADSCs combined with the following daily gastric gavage of icariin significantly augmented the value of ICP and ICP/MAP (p<0.01). Meanwhile, the survival of transplanted ADSCs was much improved due to the application of icariin. Similarly, immunofluorescent staining analysis demonstrated that the improved erectile tissue structure by combination of ADSCs and icariin was significantly associated with the increased expression of endothelial markers (vWF) (p<0.01) and smooth muscle markers (α-SMA) (p<0.01). Furthermore, the structure changes in corpus cavernosum were further confirmed by the Masson’s trichrome staining. To explore the possible mechanism underlying icariin-enhanced therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, we employed an in vitro testing system by introducing H2O2 to imitate oxidative stress condition considering the oxidative environment faced by engrafted ADSCs and anti-oxidative capacity of icariin.In vitro, we found that the addition of icariin considerably reduced the apoptosis of ADSCs, and attenuated the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the superoxidase dismutase (SOD) activity and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Subsequently, we examined the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and explored the potential signaling pathway through which icariin promoted the survival of ADSCs against oxidative stress. It was demonstrated that icariin significantly inhibited the upregulation of apoptosis-related proteins under oxidative condition, including Bax and cleaved caspase-3, while promoted the expression of anti-apoptotic factor BCL2. These effects were accompanied with the activation of signal molecules, PI3K/Akt and STAT3. The further signal protein inhibition assays exhibited that the suppression of STAT3 abrogated the icariin-mediated anti-apoptotic effects observed above, while did not influence the expression of PI3K/Akt. However, PI3K inhibition could abrogate icariin–mediated STAT3 activation and achieved a similar effect as STAT3 inhibition. Our results suggested that icariin was an effective adjuvant for enhancing ADSC-based therapy of DMEM, which may be ascribed to their protection of ADSCs against oxidative stress via the regulation of PI3K/Akt-STAT3 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyou Wang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhai Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Artillery General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, PLA General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansheng Xu
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihao Chen
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Ouyang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changliang Xie
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Maojun Zhou
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuilong Liu
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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18
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Erythropoietin Modification Enhances the Protection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Diabetic Rat-Derived Schwann Cells: Implications for Diabetic Neuropathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:6352858. [PMID: 28299330 PMCID: PMC5337339 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6352858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-triggered apoptosis of Schwann cells (SC) contributes to the degradation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DNP). In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were applied to DPN repair and it was demonstrated that paracrine secretion played a key role in neuroprotection exerted by MSC. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a potent cytokine capable of reducing apoptosis of SC. However, the expression of EPO in MSC is limited. In this study, we hypothesized that overexpression of EPO in MSC (EPO-MSC) may significantly improve their neuroprotective potentials. The EPO overexpression in MSC was achieved by lentivirus transduction. SC derived from the periphery nerve of diabetic rats were cocultured with MSC or EPO-MSC in normal or high glucose culture condition, respectively. In normal glucose culture condition, the overexpression of EPO in MSC promoted the MSC-induced restoration of SC from diabetic rats, including increases in GSH level and cell viability, decrease in TUNEL apoptosis, upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins, p-Akt, and Bcl-2, and downregulation of proapoptotic proteins, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax. The subsequent results in high glucose culture condition showed similar promotions achieved by EPO-MSC. Thus, it could be concluded that EPO-MSC possessed a potent potential in hampering apoptosis of SC, and the suppression was probably attributed to attenuating oxidative stress and regulating apoptosis related protein factors.
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Sun LL, Liu TJ, Li L, Tang W, Zou JJ, Chen XF, Zheng JY, Jiang BG, Shi YQ. Transplantation of betatrophin-expressing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells induces β-cell proliferation in diabetic mice. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:936-948. [PMID: 28290605 PMCID: PMC5360423 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in regenerative medicine has suggested that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a novel potential cure for diabetes. Betatrophin is a newly identified hormone that can increase the production and expansion of insulin-secreting β-cells when administered to mice. In this study, we evaluated the effect of betatrophin overexpression by human adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) by in vitro experiments, as well as following their transplantation into a mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The overexpression of betatrophin did not affect the ADMSCs in terms of proliferation, differentiation and morphology. However, the co-culture of human islets with ADMSCs overexpressing betatrophin (ADMSCs-BET) induced islet proliferation, β-cell specific transcription factor expression, and the islet production of insulin under the stimulation of glucose or KCl and Arg. In addition, ADMSCs-BET enhanced the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of the co-cultured islets compared with ADMSCs cultured alone. In mice with STZ-induced diabetes, the transplantation of ADMSCs-BET ameliorated the hyperglycemia and weight loss associated with STZ-induced diabetes; ADMSCs-BET also significantly enhanced the ratio of β-cells per islet compared to the transplantation of ADMSCs alone. Thus, our study demonstrates a novel strategy for inducing β-cell regeneration. ADMSCs-BET may replace insulin injections by increasing the number of endogenous insulin-producing cells in patients with diabetes. This combined strategy of ADMSC transplantation and gene therapy may prove to be a useful therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Jin Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Limei Li
- Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Fang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jiao-Yang Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Ge Jiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Quan Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) has an indispensable role in the erectile response. In the penis, eNOS activity and endothelial NO bioavailability are regulated by multiple post-translatlonal molecular mechanisms, such as eNOS phosphorylation, eNOS interaction with regulatory proteins and contractile pathways, and actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These mechanisms regulate eNOS-mediated responses under physiologic circumstances and provide various mechanisms whereby endothelial NO availability may be altered in states of vasculogenlc erectile dysfunction (ED), in view of the recent advances in the field of eNOS function in the penis and its role in penile erection, the emphasis in this review is placed on the mechanisms regulating eNOS activity and its interaction with the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway in the physiology of penile erection and the pathophysiology of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Musicki
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, Department of Urology, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Gurbuz N, Kol A, Ipekci T, Ates E, Baykal A, Usta MF. Chronic administration of sildenafil improves erectile function in a rat model of chronic renal failure. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:797-801. [PMID: 25652632 PMCID: PMC4577593 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.146973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between erectile dysfunction (ED) and chronic renal failure (CRF) has been reported in several studies. This study aimed to investigate whether the chronic use of sildenafil could enhance the erectile capacity in CRF-induced rats. In addition, we assessed the effect of that treatment on certain molecules, which have been suggested to play crucial roles in erectile physiology and CRF-related ED as well. Three groups of animals were utilized: (1) age-matched control rats, (2) CRF-induced rats, (3) CRF-induced rats treated with chronic administration of sildenafil (5 mg kg−1 p.o. for 6 weeks [treatment started after 6 weeks of CRF induction]). At 3 months, all animals underwent cavernosal nerve stimulation (CNS) to assess erectile function. Penile tissue advanced glycation end products (AGE's)/5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, malondialdehyde (MDA), cGMP (ELISA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) (Western blot) analyses were performed in all rat groups. CRF-induced rats had a significant decrease in erectile function when compared to control rats (P < 0.05). The increase in both intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and area under the curve of CRF-induced rats treated with sildenafil (Group 3) was greater than CRF-induced rats (Group 2). Additionally, sildenafil treatment decreased AGE, MDA and iNOS levels, while it preserved nNOS and cGMP contents in CRF-induced penile tissue. Decreased AGE, MDA, iNOS and increased nNOS, cGMP levels at the sildenafil-treated group increased both ICP and Total ICP to CNS, which led to improve erectile function in CRF-induced rats. The results of the present study revealed the therapeutic effect of chronic sildenafil administration on erectile function in CRF-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mustafa F Usta
- Department of Urology, Section of Andrology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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22
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Zhou ZY, Zhong GJ, Cheng SP, Huang H, Wang J, Pan H, Liu CM, Xing C, Sun YL, Liu RH, Li F. Short hairpin rna targeting insulin-like growth fator binding protein-3 restores the bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor-1 in diabetic rats. Int Braz J Urol 2016; 42:139-45. [PMID: 27136480 PMCID: PMC4811239 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether intracavernosal injection of short hairpin RNA for IGFBP-3 could improve erectile function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods After 12 weeks of IGFBP-3 short hairpin RNA injection treatment, intracavernous pressure responses to electrical stimulation of cavernous nerves were evaluated. The expression of IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 at mRNA and protein levels were detected by quantitative real-time PCR analysis and Western blot, respectively. The concentration of cavernous cyclic guanosine monophosphate was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results At 12 weeks after intracavernous administration of IGFBP-3 shRNA, the cavernosal pressure was significantly increased in response to the cavernous nerves stimulation compared to the diabetic group (P<0.05). Cavernous IGFBP-3 expression at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly inhibited. At the same time, cavernous IGF-1 expression was significantly increased in the IGFBP-3 shRNA treatment group compared to the diabetic group (P<0.01). Cavernous cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration was significantly increased in the IGFBP-3 shRNA treatment group compared to the diabetic group (P<0.01). Conclusions Gene transfer of IGFBP-3 shRNA could improve erectile function via the restoration of cavernous IGF-1 bioavailability and an increase of cavernous cGMP concentration in the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Yan Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Guang-Jun Zhong
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Shao-Ping Cheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Chang-Mao Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Cheng Xing
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Ya-Ling Sun
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Rong-Hua Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
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Kim JH, Lee HJ, Song YS. Mesenchymal stem cell-based gene therapy for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2016; 28:81-7. [PMID: 26888355 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2016.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the overwhelming success of PDE5 inhibitor (PDE5I), the demand for novel pharmacotherapeutic and surgical options for ED continues to rise owing to the increased proportion of elderly individuals in the population, in addition to the growing percentage of ED patients who do not respond to PDE5I. Surgical treatment of ED is associated with many complications, thus warranting the need for nonsurgical therapies. Moreover, none of the above-mentioned treatments essentially corrects, cures or prevents ED. Although gene therapy is a promising option, many challenges and obstacles such as local inflammatory response and random transgene expression, in addition to other safety issues, limit its use at the clinical level. The use of stem cell therapy alone also has many shortcomings. To overcome these inadequacies, many scientists and clinicians are investigating new gene and stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Song
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication of diabetes, affecting up to 75% of all diabetic men. Although the aetiology of diabetic ED is multifactorial, endothelial dysfunction is recognized as a mainstay in the pathophysiology of the disease. Endothelial dysfunction is induced by the detrimental actions of high glucose levels and increased oxidative stress on endothelial cells that make up the vascular lining. Besides directly injuring the endothelium, diabetes might also hamper vascular repair mechanisms of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. These states exacerbate and maintain endothelial dysfunction, impairing vasorelaxation events and cavernosal blood perfusion, which are crucial for normal erectile function.
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25
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Wu C, Kovac JR. Models for erectile dysfunction and their importance to novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 11:185-96. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2016.1126243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Akın Y, Şahiner İF, Usta MF. The impact of diabetes mellitus on penile length in men undergoing inflatable penile prosthesis implantation. Turk J Urol 2015; 39:161-4. [PMID: 26328101 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2013.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the changing cavernosal length of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and organic erectile dysfunction (ED) who were treated with inflatable, three-piece penile prostheses, a current surgical treatment option in our clinic, over the course of 12 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between April 2000 and December 2012, we retrospectively investigated data from patients who were diagnosed with organic ED and undergone penile prosthesis implantation (PPI). Of the 239 patients, 235 of them were included in the study. Four patients who were operated on for trans-sexuality were excluded from the study. All patients were divided into two groups as those with (Group 1) or without DM (Group 2). Data, including age, body mass index (BMI) in kg/m(2), surgical history, comorbidities, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire scores, combined intracavernous injection and stimulation (CIS) test results, length of corpus cavernosum while implanting the penile prosthesis, complications, operative times, mean hospital stay, and satisfaction of the patient and partner, were recorded. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically signifcant. RESULTS The mean age was 57.9±10.5 years. Study population consisted of patients with DM (n=65), hypertension (n=21), DM, and hypertension (n=28), hyperlipidemia (n=5), a history of previous radical pelvic surgery with (n=4) or without DM (n=51) or cases without any comorbidity (n=62). Mean length of the corpus cavernosum was 17.277±0.1509 cm in Group 1 and 17289±0.1598 cm in Group 2 (p<0.05). Additionally, the other parameters, including age, operative time, and the satisfaction of the patient and partner, were not different between these groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The length of the corpus cavernosum and the destruction of cavernosal tissues do not depend only on DM. We conclude that these features may have multifactorial causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiğit Akın
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İlker Fatih Şahiner
- Departmet of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Faruk Usta
- Departmet of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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27
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Animal models of erectile dysfunction. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2015; 76:43-54. [PMID: 26279495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent male sexual dysfunction with profound adverse effects on the physical and the psychosocial health of men and, subsequently, on their partners. The expanded use of various types of rodent models has produced some advances in the study of ED, and neurophysiological studies using various animal models have provided important insights into human sexual dysfunction. At present, animal models play a key role in exploring and screening novel drugs designed to treat ED.
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Kucukdurmaz F, Kucukgergin C, Akman T, Salabas E, Armagan A, Seckin S, Kadıoglu A. Duration of priapism is associated with increased corporal oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in a rat model. Andrologia 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Kucukdurmaz
- Istanbul University; Istanbul Medical Faculty; Department of Urology; Istanbul Turkey
| | - C. Kucukgergin
- Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty; Department of Biochemistry; Istanbul Turkey
| | - T. Akman
- Bezmialem Vakif University; Faculty of Medicine; Department of Urology; Istanbul Turkey
| | - E. Salabas
- Istanbul University; Istanbul Medical Faculty; Department of Urology; Istanbul Turkey
| | - A. Armagan
- Bezmialem Vakif University; Faculty of Medicine; Department of Urology; Istanbul Turkey
| | - S. Seckin
- Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty; Department of Biochemistry; Istanbul Turkey
| | - A. Kadıoglu
- Istanbul University; Istanbul Medical Faculty; Department of Urology; Istanbul Turkey
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Castela A, Gomes P, Domingues VF, Paíga P, Costa R, Vendeira P, Costa C. Role of oxidative stress-induced systemic and cavernosal molecular alterations in the progression of diabetic erectile dysfunction. J Diabetes 2015; 7:393-401. [PMID: 24910190 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent complication of diabetes, and oxidative stress is an important feature of diabetic ED. Oxidative stress-induced damage plays a pivotal role in the development of tissue alterations. However, the deleterious effects of oxidative stress in the corpus cavernosum with the progression of diabetes remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate systemic and penile oxidative stress status in the early and late stages of diabetes. METHODS Male Wistar streptozotocin-diabetic rats (and age-matched controls) were examined 2 (early) and 8 weeks (late) after the induction of diabetes. Systemic oxidative stress was evaluated by urinary H2 O2 and the ratio of circulating reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG). Penile oxidative status was assessed by H2 O2 production and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) formation. Cavernosal endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was analyzed by quantitative immunohistochemistry. Dual immunofluorescence was also performed for 3-NT and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and eNOS-α-SMA. RESULTS There was a significant increase in urinary H2 O2 levels in both diabetic groups. The plasma GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly augmented in late diabetes. In cavernosal tissue, H2 O2 production was significantly increased in late diabetes. Reactivity for 3-NT was located predominantly in cavernosal smooth muscle (SM) and was significantly reduced in late diabetes. Quantitative immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in eNOS levels in cavernosal SM and endothelium in late diabetes. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the noxious effects of oxidative stress are more prominent in late diabetes. Increased penile protein oxidative modifications and decreased eNOS expression may be responsible for structural and/or functional deregulation, contributing to the progression of diabetes-associated ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Castela
- Department of Biochemistry (U38/FCT), Center for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology of the University of Porto (IBMC-UP), Porto, Portugal
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Zhou ZY, Cheng SP, Huang H, Wang J, Pan H, Liu CM, Xing C, Sun YL, Liu RH, Zhong GJ. Short hairpin ribonucleic acid constructs targeting insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 rehabilitated dyslipidaemia in diabetic rats. Andrologia 2015; 48:59-64. [PMID: 25879169 DOI: 10.1111/and.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It was investigated whether short hairpin ribonucleic acid constructs targeting insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3 shRNA) can rehabilitate dyslipidaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. After 12 weeks of intracavernous administration of IGFBP-3 shRNA, intracavernous pressure responses to electrical stimulation of cavernous nerves were evaluated. The concentrations of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and cavernous cyclic guanosine monophosphate were all detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The per cent of smooth muscle in corpus cavernous tissue was also evaluated. It was found that the cavernosal pressure was significantly increased in the IGFBP-3 shRNA treatment group compared to the diabetic control group after 12 weeks of intracavernous administration of IGFBP-3 shRNA (P < 0.01). The concentrations of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly decreased in the IGFBP-3 shRNA treatment group compared to the diabetic control group, while no significant changes of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration were found (P < 0.01). At the same time, cavernous cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentrations and the percentage of cavernosal smooth muscle were both significantly increased in the IGFBP-3 shRNA treatment group compared to the diabetic control group (P < 0.01). This study indicated that IGFBP-3 shRNA might rehabilitate erectile function via a decrease in concentrations of serum low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride, an increase in the percentage of cavernosal smooth muscle and an improvement in the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate signalling activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Y Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - S-P Cheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - H Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - H Pan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - C-M Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - C Xing
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - Y-L Sun
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - R-H Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
| | - G-J Zhong
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, HuBei, China
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Wang X, Liu C, Li S, Xu Y, Chen P, Liu Y, Ding Q, Wahafu W, Hong B, Yang M. Hypoxia precondition promotes adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells based repair of diabetic erectile dysfunction via augmenting angiogenesis and neuroprotection. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118951. [PMID: 25790284 PMCID: PMC4366267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether hypoxia preconditioning could improve therapeutic effects of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) for diabetes induced erectile dysfunction (DED). AMSCs were pretreated with normoxia (20% O2, N-AMSCs) or sub-lethal hypoxia (1% O2, H-AMSCs). The hypoxia exposure up-regulated the expression of several angiogenesis and neuroprotection related cytokines in AMSCs, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor FIK-1, angiotensin (Ang-1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). DED rats were induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) and were randomly divided into three groups—Saline group: intracavernous injection with phosphate buffer saline; N-AMSCs group: N-AMSCs injection; H-AMSCs group: H-AMSCs injection. Ten rats without any treatment were used as normal control. Four weeks after injection, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intracavernosal pressure (ICP) were measured. The contents of endothelial, smooth muscle, dorsal nerve in cavernoursal tissue were assessed. Compared with N-AMSCs and saline, intracavernosum injection of H-AMSCs significantly raised ICP and ICP/MAP (p<0.05). Immunofluorescent staining analysis demonstrated that improved erectile function by MSCs was significantly associated with increased expression of endothelial markers (CD31 and vWF) (p<0.01) and smooth muscle markers (α-SMA) (p<0.01). Meanwhile, the expression of nNOS was also significantly higher in rats receiving H-AMSCs injection than those receiving N-AMSCs or saline injection. The results suggested that hypoxic preconditioning of MSCs was an effective approach to enhance their therapeutic effect for DED, which may be due to their augmented angiogenesis and neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiYou Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - CuiLong Liu
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, No 6 Fucheng Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic of China
| | - ShaoDan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wasilijiang Wahafu
- Department of Urology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - BaoFa Hong
- Department of Urology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - MingHui Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No 28 Fuxing Road, Hai dian District, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Liu T, Peng Y, Jia C, Yang B, Tao X, Li J, Fang X. Ginsenoside Rg3 Improves Erectile Function in Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats. J Sex Med 2015; 12:611-20. [DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pauwels B, Boydens C, Brouckaert P, Van de Voorde J. Oximes induce erection and are resistant to oxidative stress. J Sex Med 2015; 12:906-15. [PMID: 25689429 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Because of their nitric oxide (NO)-donating capacities, oxime derivatives have shown to offer some therapeutic perspective for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) as well as cardiovascular diseases. However, to date the in vivo effect of these oximes on erectile function remains unknown. In many disease states oxidative stress occurs, impairing NO-mediated relaxations. Hence the influence of oxidative stress on oxime-induced effects is also of interest. AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo effect of formaldoxime (FAL) and formamidoxime (FAM) on blood pressure and intracavernosal pressure (ICP); and to examine the role of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and the influence of oxidative stress on the FAL and FAM responses. METHODS Blood pressure and ICP were monitored in vivo after resp. intravenous or intracavernosal injection of FAL and FAM. Moreover isometric tension was measured in vitro on isolated mice corpora cavernosa (CC), thoracic aorta, and femoral artery in organ baths. The role of sGC was investigated using transgenic mice lacking the alpha 1 subunit of sGC. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and ICP were measured after FAL/FAM injection. In vitro relaxation of CC strips was evaluated in response to addition of FAL/FAM. RESULTS In vivo both FAL and FAM elicit a dose-dependent lowering of blood pressure (maximal ΔMAP: 33.66 ± 4.07 mm Hg [FAL] and 20.43 ± 2.06 mm Hg [FAM] ) as well as an increase of ICP (maximal increase of ICP/MAP: 70.29 ± 2.88% [FAL] and 52.91 ± 8.61% [FAM] ). The FAL/FAM effect is significantly lower in knockout vs. wild-type mice. Oxidative stress has an inhibitory effect on corporal NO-mediated relaxations induced by electrical field stimulation, acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside whereas the responses to 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt, FAL and FAM were not influenced. CONCLUSIONS Oximes induce erection which is mediated by sGC. The oxime-induced relaxations are resistant to oxidative stress, which increases their therapeutic potential for the treatment of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Pauwels
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Toque HA, Caldwell RW. New approaches to the design and discovery of therapies to prevent erectile dysfunction. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:1447-69. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.949234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yetik-Anacak G, Sorrentino R, Linder AE, Murat N. Gas what: NO is not the only answer to sexual function. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 172:1434-54. [PMID: 24661203 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to get and keep an erection is important to men for several reasons and the inability is known as erectile dysfunction (ED). ED has started to be accepted as an early indicator of systemic endothelial dysfunction and subsequently of cardiovascular diseases. The role of NO in endothelial relaxation and erectile function is well accepted. The discovery of NO as a small signalling gasotransmitter led to the investigation of the role of other endogenously derived gases, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The role of NO and CO in sexual function and dysfunction has been investigated more extensively and, recently, the involvement of H2 S in erectile function has also been confirmed. In this review, we focus on the role of these three sister gasotransmitters in the physiology, pharmacology and pathophysiology of sexual function in man, specifically erectile function. We have also reviewed the role of soluble guanylyl cyclase/cGMP pathway as a common target of these gasotransmitters. Several studies have proposed alternative therapies targeting different mechanisms in addition to PDE-5 inhibition for ED treatment, since some patients do not respond to these drugs. This review highlights complementary and possible coordinated roles for these mediators and treatments targeting these gasotransmitters in erectile function/ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yetik-Anacak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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Decaluwé K, Pauwels B, Boydens C, Van de Voorde J. Treatment of erectile dysfunction: new targets and strategies from recent research. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2013; 121:146-57. [PMID: 24291648 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research on penile erection has increasingly been centered on the molecular mechanisms involved. Major progress has been made in the field and at present a whole number of neurotransmitters, chemical effectors, growth factors, second-messenger molecules, ions, intercellular proteins, and hormones have been characterized as components of the complex process of erection. This knowledge has led to the discovery of several new therapeutic targets and multiple medical approaches for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). This review focuses on the progress made in this field within the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Decaluwé
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Pauwels
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C Boydens
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Van de Voorde
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Sudhahar V, Urao N, Oshikawa J, McKinney RD, Llanos RM, Mercer JF, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T. Copper transporter ATP7A protects against endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetic mice by regulating extracellular superoxide dismutase. Diabetes 2013; 62:3839-50. [PMID: 23884884 PMCID: PMC3806617 DOI: 10.2337/db12-1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction contribute to vascular complication in diabetes. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is one of the key antioxidant enzymes that obtains copper via copper transporter ATP7A. SOD3 is secreted from vascular smooth muscles cells (VSMCs) and anchors at the endothelial surface. The role of SOD3 and ATP7A in endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is entirely unknown. Here we show that the specific activity of SOD3, but not SOD1, is decreased, which is associated with increased O2(•-) production in aortas of streptozotocin-induced and genetically induced Ins2(Akita) T1DM mice. Exogenous copper partially rescued SOD3 activity in isolated T1DM vessels. Functionally, acetylcholine-induced, endothelium-dependent relaxation is impaired in T1DM mesenteric arteries, which is rescued by SOD mimetic tempol or gene transfer of SOD3. Mechanistically, ATP7A expression in T1DM vessels is dramatically decreased whereas other copper transport proteins are not altered. T1DM-induced endothelial dysfunction and decrease of SOD3 activity are rescued in transgenic mice overexpressing ATP7A. Furthermore, SOD3-deficient T1DM mice or ATP7A mutant T1DM mice augment endothelial dysfunction and vascular O2(•-) production versus T1DM mice. These effects are in part due to hypoinsulinemia in T1DM mice, since insulin treatment, but not high glucose, increases ATP7A expression in VSMCs and restores SOD3 activity in the organoid culture of T1DM vessels. In summary, a decrease in ATP7A protein expression contributes to impaired SOD3 activity, resulting in O2(•-) overproduction and endothelial dysfunction in blood vessels of T1DM. Thus, restoring copper transporter function is an essential therapeutic approach for oxidant stress-dependent vascular and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Norifumi Urao
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jin Oshikawa
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ronald D. McKinney
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roxana M. Llanos
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Julian F.B. Mercer
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Corresponding author: Tohru Fukai,
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Oxidative stress and redox regulation of gametogenesis, fertilization, and embryonic development. Reprod Med Biol 2013; 13:71-79. [PMID: 29699151 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-013-0170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the predominant causes of both male and female infertility. Oxidative stress conditions cause either cell death or senescence by oxidation of cellular molecules including nucleic acid, proteins, and lipids. It is particularly important to minimize oxidative stress when in vitro fertilization is performed for the purpose of assisted reproduction. The problems associated with assisted reproductive technology are becoming evident, and it is now the time to clarify its mechanisms and cope with them. On the other hand, the beneficial roles of ROS, such as intracellular signaling, have become evident. The antithetical functions of ROS make it more difficult to overcome the problems caused by oxidative stress. Despite the difficulty in understanding mammalian reproduction, the mechanisms and problems can be gradually unveiled by advanced technology such as genetic modification of animals.
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La Favor JD, Anderson EJ, Dawkins JT, Hickner RC, Wingard CJ. Exercise prevents Western diet-associated erectile dysfunction and coronary artery endothelial dysfunction: response to acute apocynin and sepiapterin treatment. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 305:R423-34. [PMID: 23761637 PMCID: PMC4839473 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00049.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate aerobic exercise training as a means to prevent erectile dysfunction (ED) and coronary artery disease (CAD) development associated with inactivity and diet-induced obesity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a Western diet (WD) or a control diet (CD) for 12 wk. Subgroups within each diet remained sedentary (Sed) or participated in aerobic interval treadmill running throughout the dietary intervention. Erectile function was evaluated under anesthesia by measuring the mean arterial pressure and intracavernosal pressure in response to electrical field stimulation of the cavernosal nerve, in the absence or presence of either apocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, or sepiapterin, a tetrahydrobiopterin precursor. Coronary artery endothelial function (CAEF) was evaluated ex vivo with cumulative doses of ACh applied to preconstricted segments of the left anterior descending coronary artery. CAEF was assessed in the absence or presence of apocynin or sepiapterin. Erectile function (P < 0.0001) and CAEF (P < 0.001) were attenuated in WD-Sed. Exercise preserved erectile function (P < 0.0001) and CAEF (P < 0.05) within the WD. Erectile function (P < 0.01) and CAEF (P < 0.05) were augmented by apocynin only in WD-Sed, while sepiapterin (P < 0.05) only augmented erectile function in WD-Sed. These data demonstrate that a chronic WD induces impairment in erectile function and CAEF that are commonly partially reversible by apocynin, whereas sepiapterin treatment exerted differential functional effects between the two vascular beds. Furthermore, exercise training may be a practical means of preventing diet-induced ED and CAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D. La Favor
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Ethan J. Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jillian T. Dawkins
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and
| | - Robert C. Hickner
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Christopher J. Wingard
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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Zheng H, Liu X, Patel KP. Centrally mediated erectile dysfunction in rats with type 1 diabetes: role of angiotensin II and superoxide. J Sex Med 2013; 10:2165-76. [PMID: 23841890 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Apart from the peripheral actions, central mechanisms are also responsible for penile erection. AIM This study aims to determine the contribution of angiotensin (ANG) II in the dysfunction of central N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)- and nitric oxide (NO)-induced erectile responses in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) rats. METHODS Three weeks after streptozotocin injections, rats were randomly treated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-enalapril, or the ANG II type 1 receptor blocker, losartan, or the superoxide dismutase mimetic, tempol, or vehicle via chronic intracerebroventricular infusion by osmotic mini-pump for 2 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Central NMDA receptor stimulation or the administration of the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced penile erectile responses and concurrent behavioral responses were monitored in conscious rats. RESULTS Two weeks of enalapril, losartan, or tempol treatment significantly improved the erectile responses to central microinjection of both NMDA and SNP in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of conscious T1D rats (NMDA responses-T1D+enalapril: 1.7 ± 0.6, T1D+losartan: 2.0 ± 0.3, T1D+tempol: 2.0 ± 0.6 vs. T1D+vehicle: 0.6 ± 0.3 penile erections/rat in the first 20 minutes, P < 0.05; SNP responses-T1D+enalapril: 0.9 ± 0.3, T1D+losartan: 1.3 ± 0.3, T1D+tempol: 1.4 ± 0.4 vs. T1D+vehicle: 0.4 ± 0.2 penile erections/rat in the first 20 minutes, P < 0.05). Concurrent behavioral responses including yawning and stretching, induced by central NMDA and SNP microinjections, were also significantly increased in T1D rats after enalapril, losartan, or tempol treatments. Neuronal NO synthase expression within the PVN was also significantly increased, and superoxide production was reduced in T1D rats after these treatments. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly support the contention that enhanced ANG II mechanism/s within the PVN of T1D rats contributes to the dysfunction of central NMDA-induced erectile responses in T1D rats via stimulation of superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Kalsi J, Muneer A. Erectile dysfunction - an update of current practice and future strategies. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL UROLOGY 2013; 6:210-219. [PMID: 26097710 PMCID: PMC4467226 DOI: 10.1177/2051415813491862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jas Kalsi
- Department of Urology, Wexham Park Hospital, UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- Department of Andrology, University College London Hospital, UK
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Soni SD, Song W, West JL, Khera M. Nitric oxide-releasing polymeric microspheres improve diabetes-related erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2013; 10:1915-25. [PMID: 23751157 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have used a long-acting nitric oxide (NO)-releasing polymer to develop injectable biodegradable microspheres capable of localized NO release over prolonged periods of time. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of these microspheres for diabetes-related erectile dysfunction (ED) in the rat model. METHODS NO-releasing microspheres were incubated in physiologic buffer, and in vitro NO release was measured using a Griess assay. To ensure no migration, microspheres were fluorescently tagged and injected into the corpus cavernosum of adult rats, and fluorescent imaging was performed weekly for 4 weeks, at which point rats were sacrificed. To assess physiologic efficacy, diabetes was induced in 40 rats using streptozotocin (STZ), whereas 10 rats were kept as age-matched controls. Diabetic rats were divided into four groups: no treatment, sildenafil, NO-releasing microspheres, and combination therapy. For each rat, the cavernosal nerve (CN) was stimulated at various voltages, and intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured via corpus cavernosum and carotid artery catheterization, respectively. Long-term efficacy was determined by injecting diabetic rats with microspheres and measuring erectile response at predetermined intervals for up to 5 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Erectile response was determined via calculation of mean peak ICP/MAP and area under curve (AUC) for each experimental group. RESULTS Under physiologic conditions in vitro, microspheres continued NO release for up to 4 weeks. Fluorescent imaging revealed no detectable signal in tissues besides cavernosal tissue at 4 weeks postinjection. Upon CN stimulation, peak ICP/MAP ratio and AUC of diabetic rats improved significantly (P < 0.05) in microsphere and combination therapy groups compared with no treatment and sildenafil groups. In long-term efficacy studies, microspheres augmented the effect of sildenafil for 3 weeks following injection (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS NO-releasing microspheres significantly improved erectile response in diabetic rats for 3 weeks and hence offer a promising approach to ED therapy, either as monotherapy or combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samit D Soni
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Yang J, Wang T, Yang J, Rao K, Zhan Y, Chen RB, Liu Z, Li MC, Zhuan L, Zang GH, Guo SM, Xu H, Wang SG, Liu JH, Ye ZQ. S-allyl cysteine restores erectile function through inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation in diabetic rats. Andrology 2013; 1:487-94. [PMID: 23427186 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2012.00060.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by an overactive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase system in penile tissue is an important mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED). S-allyl cysteine (SAC), a bioactive component derived from garlic, was recently reported to exert versatile antioxidant properties. We hypothesized that SAC would be able to resolve diabetes-related ED by reducing ROS generation, and designed this study to investigate this possibility as well as to determine the related underlying mechanisms. A streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model was established and used for comparative analysis of 4-week treatment regimens with insulin or SAC. The ratio of maximal intracavernous pressure (ICP) to mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was measured to determine erectile function. Differential levels of ROS, NADPH oxidase subunits, nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling pathway, and apoptosis were evaluated in cavernous tissues. Max ICP/MAP was found to be markedly decreased in untreated diabetic rats; SAC, but not insulin, treatment restored the ratio to baseline (in non-diabetic untreated controls). The corpus cavernosum of untreated diabetic rats showed increased p47(phox) and p67(phox) expression, ROS production and penile apoptotic index, and decreased phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (phospho-eNOS, Ser1177) expression, cGMP concentration, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) ratio and smooth muscle cell number. SAC treatment normalized all the diabetes-induced effects, whereas insulin treatment partially normalized the alterations, but produced no effects on P47(phox) expression, penile ROS level, apoptotic index, Bcl-2/Bax ratio and smooth muscle cell number. Collectively, these data indicate that SAC treatment can restore erectile function in diabetic rats by preventing ROS formation through modulation of NADPH oxidase subunit expression. Furthermore, the poor efficacy of conventional insulin treatment for diabetic ED may be associated with an elevated level of ROS in penile tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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La Favor JD, Anderson EJ, Hickner RC, Wingard CJ. Erectile dysfunction precedes coronary artery endothelial dysfunction in rats fed a high-fat, high-sucrose, Western pattern diet. J Sex Med 2012; 10:694-703. [PMID: 23170997 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. It is suggested that erectile dysfunction (ED) may be an early risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Aim. The goal of this study was to determine whether development of ED precedes the onset of coronary artery endothelial dysfunction in response to a Western diet (WD), thereby establishing whether the WD differentially impacts the endothelium in a time-dependent manner. Additionally, a goal was to determine if diet-induced ED is reversible with intracavernosal sepiapterin treatment. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a WD for 4, 8, or 12 weeks, or a control diet for 8 weeks. Erectile function was evaluated by measuring the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intracavernosal pressure (ICP) in response to electrical field stimulation of the cavernosal nerve near the major pelvic ganglion, in the absence and presence of sepiapterin. Coronary artery endothelial function was evaluated ex vivo with cumulative doses of acetylcholine (ACh) applied to segments of the left anterior descending coronary artery preconstricted with serotonin. Main Outcome Measures. Erectile function was assessed as the ICP response to electrical field stimulation (EFS), normalized to MAP. Coronary artery endothelial function was assessed as the effective concentration producing 50% of a maximal response (EC50 ) of the ACh response. Results. The ICP/MAP response to EFS was significantly attenuated following both 8 and 12 weeks of the WD compared with the control diet (P < 0.05). Sepiapterin treatment augmented the ICP/MAP response in all WD groups (P < 0.05). The coronary artery EC50 of the ACh response was not different from control following 4 or 8 weeks but was significantly elevated following 12 weeks of the WD (P < 0.01). Conclusions. These data suggest that erectile function is reduced prior to coronary artery endothelial function in response to the WD. Improvement of erectile function with sepiapterin in WD rats indicates that nitric oxide synthase uncoupling is a key mechanism in diet-induced ED. La Favor JD, Anderson EJ, Hickner RC, and Wingard CJ. Erectile dysfunction precedes coronary artery endothelial dysfunction in rats fed a high-fat, high-sucrose, Western pattern diet. J Sex Med 2013;10:694-703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D La Favor
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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Li M, Zhuan L, Wang T, Rao K, Yang J, Yang J, Quan W, Liu J, Ye Z. Apocynin improves erectile function in diabetic rats through regulation of NADPH oxidase expression. J Sex Med 2012; 9:3041-50. [PMID: 23088159 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). The proposed mechanisms responsible for diabetic ED are associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, overactivity of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, as seen in experimental models of diabetic rats. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate whether NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin can ameliorate Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes-related ED by reducing the ROS production and inhibiting the activity of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. METHODS The diabetic rats were treated with and without the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Erectile responses were evaluated by determining mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and intracavernosal pressure (ICP) with electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Levels of mRNA expression were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Levels of protein expression were examined by Western Blot. ROS production was measured by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. RESULTS The ratio of Maximum ICP-to-MAP (MaxICP/MAP) was significantly decreased in diabetic ED rats, compared to that of age-matched control rats (P < 0.05). Apocynin improved erectile function of diabetic rats (P < 0.05). Expression levels of RhoA (cytosol), nNOS and eNOS were reduced, compared to those of control rats (P < 0.05). Apocynin significantly elevated their expression levels in diabetic rats (P < 0.05). Expression levels of ROCK1, RhoA (membrane fraction), p-MYPT1 and NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox) were increased in diabetic rats when compared to those of control rats (P < 0.05), and it was observed that apocynin significantly reduced their expression levels in diabetic rats (P < 0.05). ROS production was increased in diabetic rats when compared to that of control rats (P < 0.05), the effect of apocynin was a reduction in the ROS production in diabetic rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin can ameliorate diabetes-related ED by reducing the ROS production and inhibiting the activity of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Hakim L, Van der Aa F, Bivalacqua TJ, Hedlund P, Albersen M. Emerging tools for erectile dysfunction: a role for regenerative medicine. Nat Rev Urol 2012; 9:520-36. [PMID: 22824778 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2012.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common sexual disorder reported by men to their health-care providers and the most investigated male sexual dysfunction. Currently, the treatment of ED focuses on 'symptomatic relief' of ED and, therefore, tends to provide temporary relief rather than providing a cure or reversing the cause. The identification of a large population of "difficult-to-treat" patients has triggered researchers to identify novel treatment approaches, which focus on cure and restoration of the underlying cause of ED. Regenerative medicine has developed extensively in the past few decades and preclinical trials have emphasized the benefit of growth factor therapy, gene transfer, stem cells and tissue engineering for the restoration of erectile function. Development of clinical trials involving immunomodulation in postprostatectomy ED patients and the use of maxi-K channels for gene therapy are illustrative of the advances in the field. However, the search for novel treatment targets and a wealth of preclinical studies represent a dynamic and continuing field of enquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukman Hakim
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Yin GN, Ryu J, Kwon M, Shin SH, Jin H, Song K, Choi MJ, Kang D, Kim WJ, Suh J. Matrigel‐Based Sprouting Endothelial Cell Culture System from Mouse Corpus Cavernosum Is Potentially Useful for the Study of Endothelial and Erectile Dysfunction Related to High‐Glucose Exposure. J Sex Med 2012; 9:1760-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Long T, Liu G, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Qin D. TNF-α, erectile dysfunction, and NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS generation in corpus cavernosum in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Sex Med 2012; 9:1801-14. [PMID: 22524530 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02739.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction (ED) are characterized by an increase in circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). However, no study has indicated whether and how TNF-α plays a role in the pathogenesis of ED associated with diabetes. AIM We examined the effects and potential mechanism of infliximab (INF), a chimeric monoclonal antibody to TNF-α, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in corpus cavernosum and ED in diabetic rats. METHODS Four groups of male rats were used: age-matched normal controls; diabetic rats induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection (35 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal [i.p.]); nondiabetic rats receiving INF (5 mg/kg body weight/week, i.p.), and diabetic rats receiving INF. Erectile function was assessed with electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve after 8 weeks. The blood and penile tissues were harvested for plasma biochemical determinations, serum TNF-α measurement, penile ROS detection, and molecular assays of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phospho-eNOS, and neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the penis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The effect of INF on HFD/STZ-induced diabetic ED and NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS generation was studied in diabetic corpus cavernosum. RESULTS Untreated diabetic rats displayed significantly decreased erectile parameters, and increased plasma TNF-α levels, penile ROS production, p47(phox) and gp91(phox) expression compared with nondiabetic controls. INF neutralized TNF-α and significantly reduced ED in diabetic rats, in which marked decreases in p47(phox) and gp91(phox) expression and ROS generation in corpus cavernosum were noted. The ratio of phospho-eNOS to eNOS and expression of nNOS in the penis were significantly increased in INF-treated vs. untreated diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS Increased TNF-α expression associated with diabetes contributes to ED by promoting NAPDH oxidase-mediated ROS generation in corpus cavernosum. INF protects against diabetic ED by neutralizing TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Long
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE An abundance of experimental evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) plays a prominent role in physiology and pathophysiology. Many targets exist for H(2)S therapy. The molecular targets of H(2)S include proteins, enzymes, transcription factors, and membrane ion channels. RECENT ADVANCES Novel H(2)S precursors are being synthesized and discovered that are capable of releasing H(2)S in a slow and sustained manner. This presents a novel and advantageous approach to H(2)S therapy for treatment of chronic conditions associated with a decline in endogenous H(2)S, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. CRITICAL ISSUES While H(2)S is cytoprotective at physiological concentrations, it is not universally cytoprotective, as it appears to have pro-apoptotic actions in cancer cells and is well known to be toxic at supraphysiological concentrations. Many of the pleiotropic effects of H(2)S on health are associated with the inhibition of inflammation and upregulation of prosurvival pathways. The powerful anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, immunomodulating, and trophic effects of H(2)S on the vast majority of normal cells seem to be mediated mainly by its actions as an extremely versatile direct and indirect antioxidant and free radical scavenger. While the overall effects of H(2)S on transformed (i.e., malignant) cells can be characterized as pro-oxidant and pro-apoptotic, they contrast sharply with the cytoprotective effects on most normal cells. FUTURE DIRECTIONS H(2)S has become a molecule of great interest, and several slow-releasing H(2)S prodrugs are currently under development. We believe that additional agents regulating H(2)S bioavailability will be developed during the next 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lee Predmore
- Department of Surgery-Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Li WJ, Peng Y, Zhou J, Li B, Wang H, Zhang J, Wang Z. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition improves erectile function by activation of nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway in diabetic rats. J Sex Med 2012; 9:1319-27. [PMID: 22429732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02666.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelial dysfunction-induced abnormalities of the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathway in the corpus cavernosum are thought to be the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction (ED). Recent studies have shown that the poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) pathway plays a critical role in diabetic endothelial dysfunction. AIM The aim of this study is to determine whether activation of the PARP pathway is involved in diabetic cavernosal endothelial dysfunction and abnormalities of the NO/cGMP pathway. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: age-matched controls, diabetic controls (DM), and the 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB, a PARP inhibitor)-treated diabetic group (DM+3-AB). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Eight weeks after inducing diabetes, the DM+3-AB group was treated with 3-AB for 4 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Erectile function was assessed at 12 weeks after inducing diabetes by stimulating the cavernous nerve. Expression of poly(ADP-ribose), protein kinase B (Akt), phospho-Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phospho-eNOS, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) were evaluated by Western blot. Cavernous NO generation and cGMP levels were also determined. RESULTS The DM group showed impaired erectile function and significantly increased PARP activity. Expression of total eNOS and nNOS, phospho-Akt, and eNOS decreased significantly in the DM group compared with those in the control group. In addition, cavernous NO generation and cGMP levels decreased significantly in the DM group compared with those in the control group. Treatment with 3-AB restored erectile function and significantly reversed all molecular alterations except decreased nNOS expression. CONCLUSION Overactivation of the PARP pathway in the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats was involved in cavernosal endothelial dysfunction and abnormalities of the NO/cGMP pathway resulting in ED. These findings may be applied to develop novel therapies for patients with diabetic ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ji Li
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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