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Gilbert LM, Dring KJ, Williams RA, Boat R, Sunderland C, Morris JG, Nevill ME, Cooper SB. Effects of a games-based physical education lesson on cognitive function in adolescents. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1098861. [PMID: 36998368 PMCID: PMC10043371 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1098861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of physical education (PE) lessons for physical activity in adolescents, the acute cognitive responses to PE lessons have not been explored; a gap in the literature that this study addresses. Following familiarisation, 76 (39 female) adolescents (12.2 ± 0.4 y) completed two trials (60 min games-based PE lesson and 60 min academic lesson) separated by 7-d in a counterbalanced, crossover design. Attention, executive function, working memory, and perception were assessed 30 min before, immediately post, and 45 min post-lesson in both trials. Participants were split into high-and low-fit groups based on a gender-specific median split of distance run on the multi-stage fitness test. Furthermore, participants were split into high and low MVPA groups based on a gender-specific median split of MVPA time (time spent >64% HR max) during the PE lesson. Overall, a 60 min games-based PE lesson had no effect on perception, working memory, attention, or executive function in adolescents (all p > 0.05) unless MVPA time is high. The physical activity-cognition relationship was moderated by MVPA, as working memory improved post-PE lesson in adolescents who completed more MVPA during their PE lesson (time*trial*MVPA interaction, p < 0.05, partial η2 = 0.119). Furthermore, high-fit adolescents displayed superior cognitive function than their low-fit counterparts, across all domains of cognitive function (main effect of fitness, all p < 0.05, partial η2 0.014–0.121). This study provides novel evidence that MVPA time moderates the cognitive response to a games-based PE lesson; and emphasises that higher levels of fitness are beneficial for cognitive function in adolescents.
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Kim MJ, Hall CM. Is walking or riding your bike when a tourist different? Applying VAB theory to better understand active transport behavior. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 311:114868. [PMID: 35287083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Active transport (walking and biking) has significant environmental, health, and social benefits. Despite the importance of active transport, theoretically framed research has not sufficiently considered what makes consumers walk or bike based on activity types, particularly in an Asian context. This is an important topic as it helps provides a basis for better targeted marketing and promotion to encourage greater public engagement with active transport. To fill this knowledge gap, this work applied the value-attitude-behavior (VAB) theory to understand walkers and bikers' behaviors in comparing tourism, leisure, and work activity. Results indicate that value on attitude has the greatest influence, followed by personal, and then social norm. Behavior for active transport is significantly influenced by personal norm, followed by attitude and social norm. Interestingly, from the three types of activities, the tourism group has the strongest relationship of value and attitude and the highest prediction for attitude and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Ja Kim
- The College of Hotel & Tourism Management, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - C Michael Hall
- Department of Management, Marketing, and Entrepreneurship, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand; Department of Geography, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden; Department of Service Management and Services Studies, Lund University, Helsingborg, Sweden, Centre for Research and Innovation in Tourism, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
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Victo ERD, Figueiredo TKF, Solé D, Werneck AO, Silva DRD, Ferrari G. Systematic review of active transportation to school in youth – an update from Brazil’s Report Card. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2021v23e81169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to update a systematic review on the use of active transportation to school in Brazilian children and adolescents. All studies were extracted from the LILACS; BIREME; SCIELO and MEDLINE. The search was carried out on manuscripts published in the period 2018-2019. The descriptors were used in Portuguese, English and Spanish. In overall, 8 manuscripts were included in this systematic review, with 1 presenting data from three periods (2009, 2012 and 2015). The study data were obtained between 2009 and 2015 and the age group found between 7 to 19 years old. Of the selected articles, 2 presented national data, 1 from the north, 2 from the northeast, 1 from the southeast and 2 from the south of Brazil. The use of active transportation was superior to passive transportation on 6 occasions and its use was common in boys than in girls (4 of 6 articles). The use of active transportation is still more common than passive transportation in most Brazilian regions, although some cities have the opposite. The results suggest that the prevalence of active transportation is higher in boys than girls. Public policies must be created to favor the use of active transportation among Brazilian youth.
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Ferrari G, Rezende LFM, Wagner GA, Florindo AA, Peres MFT. Physical activity patterns in a representative sample of adolescents from the largest city in Latin America: a cross-sectional study in Sao Paulo. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037290. [PMID: 32878760 PMCID: PMC7470644 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the patterns of total and domain-specific physical activity (PA) by sex, socioeconomic status and maternal education level in adolescents from Sao Paulo city, Brazil. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS We included a representative sample of 2682 (52.2% boys) adolescents aged 14-15 years from public and private schools in Sao Paulo, 2017. Socioeconomic status was assessed using a wealth index derived from principal component analysis. Descriptive analyses evaluated differences in total and domain-specific PA by sex, socioeconomic status and maternal education level. OUTCOME MEASURES We collected data on the frequency and duration that adolescents spent in each PA domain (active transportation, leisure PA and physical education classes) through a self-report questionnaire. RESULTS On average, adolescents spent 197.7 min/week (95% CI 190.6-204.8) in total PA. The proportion of adolescents achieving at least 60 min/day (≥420 min/week) was 12.7% (95% CI 11.4-14.1), with a higher prevalence in boys (18.3%) and in those with higher socioeconomic status (17.4%). Similar patterns were observed for leisure PA and physical education classes. Active transportation was higher in girls (46.0 min/week; 95% CI 42.6-49.6) than in boys (43.4 min/week, 95% CI 39.9-46.6). Boys and adolescents with higher socioeconomic status and higher maternal education level had higher levels of total PA. CONCLUSIONS We found a variation in patterns of total and domain-specific PA by sex, socioeconomic status and maternal education level in adolescents from Sao Paulo. Initiatives for promoting PA in adolescents should take these findings into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Ferrari
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Leandro F M Rezende
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Arantes Wagner
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alex A Florindo
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Nutrition, School ofPublic Health, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Objective Measures to Assess Active Commuting Physical Activity to School in Young People: A Systematic Review Protocol and Practical Considerations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165936. [PMID: 32824263 PMCID: PMC7459731 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There are no systematic reviews that have identified the existing studies assessing active commuting physical activity (PA) to and from (to/from) school using objective measures, as well as the contribution of both walking and cycling to/from school to PA levels. To fill this gap in the literature, this systematic review will aim (a) to identify existing studies that assess active commuting PA to/from school with objective measures in young people and to examine the contribution of walking and cycling to/from school to PA levels, and (b) to propose an appropriate methodology and practical considerations to assess active commuting PA to/from school based on the studies identified. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020162004). We will conduct a systematic search up to 2020 in five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTdiscuss, Cochrane Library, and National Transportation Library. Both the risk of bias and the quality of the identified studies will be evaluated through different instruments according to the design of each study. This systematic review will help to choose the most appropriate objective measures to assess active commuting PA to/from school and to promote walking and cycling to/from school to increase PA levels.
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Ofoegbu TO, Asogwa UD, Ogbonna CS, Aloh HE, Eseadi C, Eskay M, Nji GC, Ngwoke OR, Agboti CI, Nnachi RA, Nnachi OC, Otu MS. Effect of digital storytelling intervention on burnout thoughts of adolescent: Athletes with disabilities. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21164. [PMID: 32791690 PMCID: PMC7386998 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Both athletes with and without disabilities can develop burnout symptoms. However, athletes with disabilities may face different or more challenges compared to their counterparts without disabilities. The present study aimed at ascertaining the effect of digital storytelling intervention on burnout thoughts of adolescent-athletes with disabilities. METHOD This study is a randomized controlled trial involving a total of 171 adolescent-athletes with disabilities who showed a high degree of burnout symptoms. These adolescent-athletes were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 85) or a waitlisted control group (n = 86). The treatment intervention for the adolescent-athletes was digital stories which were created based on the framework of rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT). The Athlete Burnout Questionnaire was used for gathering of data at three different times (baseline, post-test and follow up). Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance at a significant level of 0.05. RESULTS Results showed that the digital storytelling intervention based on REBT significantly reduced burnout thoughts among disabled adolescent-athletes in the intervention group compared to athletes in the waitlisted control group as measured by the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire. Additionally, at follow-up evaluation, it was observed that the decrease in burnout scores was maintained by those athletes in the digital storytelling intervention. CONCLUSION Digital storytelling intervention based on rational emotive behaviour therapy shows great potentials in addressing burnout among adolescent-athletes with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Onyema Ofoegbu
- Department of Arts Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Uche D. Asogwa
- Department of Arts Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Chimaobi Samuel Ogbonna
- Department of Arts Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Henry E. Aloh
- Health Economics, Management and Policy Research Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chiedu Eseadi
- Department of Educational Foundations, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Michael Eskay
- Department of Educational Foundations, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Godfrey C. Nji
- Department Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Oliver Rotachukwu Ngwoke
- Department Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Christian Iheanacho Agboti
- Department of Sociology/Criminology & Security Studies, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Robert Azu Nnachi
- Department of Accountancy/Business Administration/Banking and Finance, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Oluomachi Charity Nnachi
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Mkpoikanke S. Otu
- Department of Educational Foundations, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P.M.B. 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Sánchez Miguel PA, Sánchez Oliva D, Vaquero Solís M, Pulido JJ, Tapia Serrano MA. Relationship between the average slope in the active commuting to and from school and fitness in adolescents: the mediator role of fatness. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8824. [PMID: 32551189 PMCID: PMC7292016 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Active commuting to and from school (ACS) has been recognized as a potential tool to improve physical fitness. Thus, this study aims to test the relationships between the average slope in the ACS and physical fitness, as well as to verify the mediator role of fatness in the relationship between average slope and physical fitness. A total of 257 participants, 137 boys and 120 girls, from 22 schools belonged to first and second High School grades participated in this study. Based on self-reported measure and Google Earth, participants were grouped into the active commuter (number of trips was ≥5, and the time of the trip was ≥15 min), mixed commuter (number of weekly trips was <5, and the time spent on the trip was <15 min) and passive commuter groups (those who reported traveling regularly by car, motorcycle, or bus). Specifically, in the active commuter group, a positive association between the average slope in the ACS with fatness was found, which in turn was positively related to strength lower limbs and cardiorrespiratory fitness. The average slope was not significantly associated with physical fitness indicators. Furtheremore, fatness did not mediate the relathionship between average slope and physical fitness. This research concluded positive associations between average slope and the body fat in the ACS. The tendency of findings signal that the average slope should be taken into account along with the distance, time and frequency of the active commuting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Antonio Sánchez Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - David Sánchez Oliva
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mikel Vaquero Solís
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J J Pulido
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Frömel K, Groffik D, Mitáš J, Dygrýn J, Valach P, Šafář M. Active Travel of Czech and Polish Adolescents in Relation to Their Well-Being: Support for Physical Activity and Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2001. [PMID: 32197391 PMCID: PMC7143245 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The adoption of active travel (AT) habits in adolescence, supported by positive emotions, increases the chances of a lifelong positive attitude towards AT. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between active travel and well-being (WB), and to estimate the share of AT in weekly physical activity (PA) and its contribution to meeting the weekly PA recommendations in adolescents. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long form and the WHO-5 questionnaire were used to assess the level of AT, weekly PA and well-being of 2805 adolescents from 36 Czech and 39 Polish schools. A higher rate of AT is only significantly associated with higher well-being in girls. However, meeting AT recommendations in combination with higher WB increased the likelihood of meeting the weekly PA recommendations in both girls and boys. AT accounts for 22.5% of weekly PA of Czech (Polish 24.2%) boys. Concerning girls, it accounts for 24.9% of weekly PA in the Czech Republic and 24.5% in Poland. Meeting AT recommendations should be part of comprehensive school-based PA programs. State, school and municipal policies in the Central European region should pay more attention to the improvement of WB and the built environment for AT in secondary school adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Frömel
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (J.D.); (M.Š.)
- Institute of Sport Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Dorota Groffik
- Institute of Sport Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (J.D.); (M.Š.)
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (J.D.); (M.Š.)
| | - Petr Valach
- Faculty of Education, University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Plzeň, Czech Republic;
| | - Michal Šafář
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (J.D.); (M.Š.)
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Couto JDO, Araujo RHO, Silva ECMD, Soares NMM, Santos AED, Silva RJDS. What is the contribution of each physical activity domain to total physical activity in adolescents? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e70170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The present study aimed to verify the contribution of different physical activity domains to “total physical activity” in Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the third edition of the National School Health Survey - PeNSE, 2015. The sample consisted of 100,497 adolescents of both sexes enrolled in the 9th grade of elementary schools. A linear regression model was used to verify how much each domain contributed to total physical activity, considering gender, type of municipality and region. The domain with the largest contribution to “total physical activity” regardless of sociodemographic and environmental variables was “extra-school physical activity” (R2 = 0.60), followed by “active commuting” (R2 = 0.34), and finally “Physical Education classes” (R2 = 0.23). The contribution of the different domains varied by gender, type of municipality and region, and it was concluded that “extra-school physical activity” make the greatest contribution to “total physical activity”, followed by “active commuting” and “Physical Education classes”. In addition, variation was observed in the contribution of domains by gender, type of municipality and region.
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Objective Measurement of the Mode of Commuting to School Using GPS: A Pilot Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11195395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Active commuting to school (ACS) is a promising strategy to increase the daily physical activity (PA) in youths. However, more studies are required to objectively quantify the mode of commuting to school, as well as the health impact of this behavior. Thus, the aims of this study were: (1) to objectively determine the mode of commuting to school using GPS; (2) to quantify the sedentary time, PA levels, energy expenditure, and the steps derived from each mode of commuting; and (3) to analyze the associations between ACS trips and sedentary time, PA, energy expenditure, and steps. Participants and Methods: A total of 180 trips to school were detected, which corresponded to 18 adolescents (12 girls, mean age = 15 ± 0.0 years old). Mode of commuting to school was detected using a novel method merging GPS data in the Personal Activity Location Measurement System (PALMS), whereas sedentary time, PA levels, energy expenditure, and steps were objectively evaluated through accelerometry. Logistic regressions were used to analyze the associations of these variables with walking trips. Results: A total of 115 trips were recorded. Most trips were performed by walk (49.5%), followed by vehicle (39.1%) and mixed transport (11.3%). In the active school trips, youths were less likely to spend minutes in sedentary behaviors (OR: 0.481, p = 0.038), a higher increase on Metabolic-Equivalent of Task (METs) (OR: 5.497, p = 0.013), and greater steps (OR: 1.004, p = 0.029) than in the passive school trips (both active and passive modes were objectively measured). Conclusions: ACS (mainly walking) contribute to higher METs and steps in adolescents. GPS could be an appropriate method to objectively evaluate the PA variables related to the ACS trips.
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Estevan I, Queralt A, Molina-García J. Biking to School: The Role of Bicycle-Sharing Programs in Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2018; 88:871-876. [PMID: 30392192 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to: (1) describe modes of transport to school, with a specific focus on the use of public bicycle share programs (PBSP); and (2) assess sociodemographic, psychosocial, and environmental correlates of bike and PBSP use to go to school. METHODS A group of 465 adolescents from the International Physical Activity and the Environment Network (IPEN) Adolescent Study (Valencia, Spain) participated in the research. Mixed regression analyses were conducted on the data obtained. RESULTS Not having bicycle access, a PBSP card, or a public bike lane close to the school is negatively associated with bicycle use. PBSP is positively associated with physical self-efficacy and bicycle availability and negatively associated with the number of vehicles per drivers at home and not having PBSP stations close to the school. CONCLUSIONS The strongest predictive factor, as regards cycling as an active mode of transport to school among adolescents is having a PBSP card. Schools have a crucial role in promoting bicycle use through collaboration when designing public policies that consider access to bike lane networks and PBSP stations and therefore should encourage local government implementation policies and/or increase PBSP stations within 250 m of the school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Estevan
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Teaching of Music, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avenida dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Queralt
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Jaume Roig, s/n, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Molina-García
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Teaching of Music, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avenida dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Mendonça G, Cheng LA, Farias Júnior JCD. [Standards of physical activity practices in adolescents in a city of Northeastern Brazil]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 23:2443-2451. [PMID: 30020396 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018237.21782016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study was to describe the standards of physical activity practices and analyze its variations as sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents in a city of Northeastern Brazil. The sample consisted of 2,350 adolescents in the city of João Pessoa in the Brazilian State of Paraíba. The prevalence of physical activity was determined and the practice scores (minutes/week) calculated: general and types (sports, exercise, active commuting and recreational activities). Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the relative contribution of the types of practice for the general score of physical activity. The physical activities most practiced were active commuting (55.2%) and sports (52.7%). The activities that presented the greatest explanatory capacity for the overall score of practice were: sports (38.1%) and exercises (21.8%). The explanatory capacity of sports was increased in all subgroups, except in female patients. The practice of exercise contributes to the major changes in the general score in female adolescents from private schools. Recreational activities and active commuting had the largest contribution for the female gender. Sports and exercise were the activities that contributed the most to explain the changes in the general practice score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerfeson Mendonça
- Programa Associado de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus I, Cidade Universitária. 58059-900 João Pessoa PB Brasil.
| | - Luanna Alexandra Cheng
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Epidemiologia da Atividade Física. João Pessoa PB Brasil
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Garnham-Lee KP, Falconer CL, Sherar LB, Taylor IM. Evidence of moderation effects in predicting active transport to school. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 39:153-162. [PMID: 26952077 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdw016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distance from home to school is an important influence on the decision to use active transport (AT); however, ecological perspectives would suggest this relationship may be moderated by individual, interpersonal and environmental factors. This study investigates whether (i) gender, (ii) biological maturation, (iii) perceived family support for physical activity (PA) and (iv) multiple deprivation moderate the relationship between distance to school and AT. Methods A total of 611 children (11-12 years old, 334 females) were recruited from schools in Leicestershire, UK. Gender, family support for PA, and AT were self-reported. Home and school postcodes were used to determine multiple deprivation and distance to school (km). Predicted age at peak height velocity was used to indicate biological maturation. Results Logistic regressions revealed the main effects explained 40.2% of the variance in AT; however; distance to school was the only significant predictor. Further analyses revealed that distance to school had a greater negative impact on the use of AT in late-maturing (OR: 3.60, CI: 1.45-8.96), less deprived (OR: 3.54, CI: 1.17-10.72) and children with low family support of PA (OR: 0.26, CI: 0.11-0.61). Conclusions This study provides evidence that, although distance to school might be the strongest predictor of AT, this relationship is complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy P Garnham-Lee
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Catherine L Falconer
- The NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Lauren B Sherar
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.,NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Ian M Taylor
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
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Mooses K, Pihu M, Riso EM, Hannus A, Kaasik P, Kull M. Physical Education Increases Daily Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Reduces Sedentary Time. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2017; 87:602-607. [PMID: 28691172 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is important to mental and physical health. Physical education (PE) lessons have the potential to increase daily moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and reduce sedentary time (SED). We measured MVPA and SED in primary school PE, determined the contribution of PE to daily MVPA and SED, and compared PA on days with and without PE. METHODS PA was measured in 504 first (ages 7-9) and second (ages 10-12) school level children for 1 school week, with inclusion criteria of at least 10 hours of valid data. Linear mixed methods were used for data analysis. RESULTS In PE, students spent 28.6 ± 16.5% in MVPA and 29.3 ± 19.8% in SED. Each additional MVPA minute in PE was associated with 1.4 more daily MVPA minutes. On days with PE, students had 12.8 (95% CI 10.5; 15.0) minutes more MVPA and 9.7 (95% CI 16.3; 3.1) minutes less SED compared with days without PE. CONCLUSIONS Although MVPA in PE was relatively low and SED high, PE significantly increased daily MVPA and reduced SED, confirming the important role of PE in supporting the healthy development of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerli Mooses
- University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, Tartu, Estonia 51014
| | - Maret Pihu
- University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, Tartu, Estonia 51014
| | | | - Aave Hannus
- University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, Tartu, Estonia 51014
| | - Priit Kaasik
- University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, Tartu, Estonia 51014
| | - Merike Kull
- University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, Tartu, Estonia 51014
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15
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Smith MP, Berdel D, Nowak D, Heinrich J, Schulz H. Physical Activity Levels and Domains Assessed by Accelerometry in German Adolescents from GINIplus and LISAplus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152217. [PMID: 27010227 PMCID: PMC4806867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is a well-known and underused protective factor for numerous health outcomes, and interventions are hampered by lack of objective data. We combined accelerometers with diaries to estimate the contributions to total activity from different domains throughout the day and week in adolescents. METHODS Accelerometric and diary data from 1403 adolescents (45% male, mean age 15.6 ± 0.5 years) were combined to evaluate daily levels and domains of sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA) during a typical week. Freedson's cutoff points were applied to determine levels of activity. Total activity was broken down into school physical education (PE), school outside PE, transportation to school, sport, and other time. RESULTS About 2/3 of adolescents' time was spent sedentary, 1/3 in light activity, and about 5% in MVPA. Boys and girls averaged 46 (SD 22) and 38 (23) minutes MVPA per day. Adolescents were most active during leisure sport, spending about 30% of it in MVPA, followed by PE (about 20%) transport to school (14%) and either school class time or other time (3%). PE provided 5% of total MVPA, while leisure sport provided 16% and transportation to school 8%. School was the most sedentary part of the day with over 75% of time outside PE spent sedentary. CONCLUSIONS These German adolescents were typical of Europeans in showing low levels of physical activity, with significant contributions from leisure sport, transportation and school PE. Leisure sport was the most active part of the day, and participation did not vary significantly by sex, study center (region of Germany) or BMI. Transportation to school was frequent and thus accounted for a significant fraction of total MVPA. This indicates that even in a population with good access to dedicated sporting activities, frequent active transportation can add significantly to total MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia P. Smith
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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16
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A Scoping Review of Observational Studies Examining Relationships between Environmental Behaviors and Health Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:4833-58. [PMID: 25950651 PMCID: PMC4454941 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120504833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Individual lifestyles are key drivers of both environmental change and chronic disease. We undertook a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies which examined associations between environmental and health behaviors of individuals in high-income countries. We searched EconLit, Medline, BIOSIS and the Social Science Citation Index. A total of 136 studies were included. The majority were USA-based cross-sectional studies using self-reported measures. Most of the evidence related to travel behavior, particularly active travel (walking and cycling) and physical activity (92 studies) or sedentary behaviors (19 studies). Associations of public transport use with physical activity were examined in 18 studies, and with sedentary behavior in one study. Four studies examined associations between car use and physical activity. A small number included other environmental behaviors (food-related behaviors (n = 14), including organic food, locally-sourced food and plate waste) and other health behaviors ((n = 20) smoking, dietary intake, alcohol). These results suggest that research on individual environmental and health behaviors consists largely of studies examining associations between travel mode and levels of physical activity. There appears to be less research on associations between other behaviors with environmental and health impacts, and very few longitudinal studies in any domain.
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Ramanathan S, O'Brien C, Faulkner G, Stone M. Happiness in motion: emotions, well-being, and active school travel. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2014; 84:516-523. [PMID: 25040120 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pan-Canadian School Travel Planning intervention promoted active school travel (AST). A novel component was exploring emotion, well-being, and travel mode framed by the concept of "sustainable happiness." Relationships between travel mode and emotions, parent perceptions of their child's travel mode on well-being, and factors related to parent perceptions were examined. METHODS Questionnaires were administered to families (N = 5423) from 76 elementary schools. Explanatory variables were demographics (age and sex), school travel measures (mode, distance, accompaniment by an adult, safety, and barriers), and emotions (parent and child). Outcomes examined parent perceived benefits of travel mode on dimensions of well-being (physical, emotional, community, and environmental). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and hierarchical regression were used. RESULTS Parents and children who used AST reported more positive emotions versus passive travelers. Parents of active travelers reported stronger connections to dimensions of well-being. AST had the strongest association with parents' perceptions of their child's well-being, and positive emotions (parent and child) were also significantly related to well-being on the trip to school. CONCLUSIONS As an additional potential benefit of AST, interventions should raise awareness of the positive emotional experiences for children and their parents. Future research should experimentally examine if AST causes these emotional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Ramanathan
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, , University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
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18
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Broekhuizen K, Scholten AM, de Vries SI. The value of (pre)school playgrounds for children's physical activity level: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2014; 11:59. [PMID: 24885611 PMCID: PMC4031969 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-11-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The (pre)school environment is an important setting to improve children's health. Especially, the (pre)school playground provides a major opportunity to intervene. This review presents an overview of the existing evidence on the value of both school and preschool playgrounds on children's health in terms of physical activity, cognitive and social outcomes. In addition, we aimed to identify which playground characteristics are the strongest correlates of beneficial effects and for which subgroups of children effects are most distinct. In total, 13 experimental and 17 observational studies have been summarized of which 10 (77%) and 16 (94%) demonstrated moderate to high methodological quality, respectively. Nearly all experimental studies (n = 11) evaluated intervention effects on time spent in different levels of physical activity during recess. Research on the effects of (pre)school playgrounds on cognitive and social outcomes is scarce (n = 2). The experimental studies generated moderate evidence for an effect of the provision of play equipment, inconclusive evidence for an effect of the use of playground markings, allocating play space and for multi-component interventions, and no evidence for an effect of decreasing playground density, the promotion of physical activity by staff and increasing recess duration on children's health. In line with this, observational studies showed positive associations between play equipment and children's physical activity level. In contrast to experimental studies, significant associations were also found between children's physical activity and a decreased playground density and increased recess duration. To confirm the findings of this review, researchers are advised to conduct more experimental studies with a randomized controlled design and to incorporate the assessment of implementation strategies and process evaluations to reveal which intervention strategies and playground characteristics are most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Broekhuizen
- TNO, Department of Life Style, P.O. Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, Netherlands
- Institute for Evidence-Based Medicine in Old Age IEMO, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Scholten
- TNO, Department of Life Style, P.O. Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, Netherlands
- The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, P.O. Box 13336, 2501 EH The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Sanne I de Vries
- TNO, Department of Life Style, P.O. Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, Netherlands
- Research group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 13336, 2501 EH The Hague, Netherlands
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Collings PJ, Wijndaele K, Corder K, Westgate K, Ridgway CL, Dunn V, Goodyer I, Ekelund U, Brage S. Levels and patterns of objectively-measured physical activity volume and intensity distribution in UK adolescents: the ROOTS study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2014; 11:23. [PMID: 24564949 PMCID: PMC3936923 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have quantified levels of habitual physical activity across the entire intensity range. We aimed to describe variability in total and intensity-specific physical activity levels in UK adolescents across gender, socio-demographic, temporal and body composition strata. METHODS Physical activity energy expenditure and minutes per day (min/d) spent sedentary and in light, moderate, and vigorous intensity physical activity were assessed in 825 adolescents from the ROOTS study (43.5% boys; mean age 15.0 ± 0.30 years), by 4 days of individually calibrated combined heart rate and movement sensing. Measurement days were classified as weekday or weekend and according to the three school terms: summer (April-July), autumn (September-December), and spring (January-March). Gender and age were self-reported and area-level SES determined by postcode data. Body composition was measured by anthropometry and bio-electrical impedance. Variability in physical activity and sedentary time was analysed by linear multilevel modelling, and logistic multilevel regression was used to determine factors associated with physical inactivity (<60 min moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity/d). RESULTS During awake hours (15.8 ± 0.9 hrs/d), adolescents primarily engaged in light intensity physical activity (517 min/d) and sedentary time (364 min/d). Boys were consistently more physically active and less sedentary than girls, but gender differences were smaller at weekends, as activity levels in boys dropped more markedly when transitioning from weekday to weekend. Boys were more sedentary on both weekend days compared to during the week, whereas girls were more sedentary on Sunday but less sedentary on Saturday. In both genders light intensity physical activity was lower in spring, while moderate physical activity was lower in autumn and spring terms, compared to the summer term; sedentary time was also higher in spring than summer term. Adolescents with higher fatness engaged in less vigorous intensity physical activity. Factors associated with increased odds of physical inactivity were female gender, both weekend days in boys, and specifically Sunday in girls. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity components vary by gender, temporal factors and body composition in UK adolescents. The available data indicate that in adolescence, girls should be the primary targets of interventions designed to increase physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Collings
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Physical Activity Programme, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Institute of Metabolic Science, Box 285, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Kirsten Corder
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate Westgate
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Valerie Dunn
- Developmental Lifecourse Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian Goodyer
- Developmental Lifecourse Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Science, Oslo, Norway
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Chen S, Kim Y, Gao Z. The contributing role of physical education in youth's daily physical activity and sedentary behavior. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:110. [PMID: 24495714 PMCID: PMC3938071 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background School physical education (PE) is considered as an effective channel for youth to accumulate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduce sedentary time. The purpose of this study was to determine the contributing role of PE in daily MVPA and sedentary time among youth. Methods The study recruited 67 sixth grade children (29 boys; Mean age = 11.75) from two suburban schools at a U.S. Midwest state, 48 of whom contributed ≥10 hours of physical activity (PA) data per day were included for analysis. An objective monitoring tool (i.e., Sensewear armband monitor) was used to capture the participants’ MVPA and sedentary time for 7–14 days. Pearson product–moment correlation analysis (r), multi-level regression analyses, and analysis of variance were conducted for data analysis. Results MVPA and sedentary time in PE showed significant positive associations with daily MVPA and sedentary time, respectively (r = 0.35, p < 0.01; r = 0.55, p < 0.01). Regression analyses revealed that one minute increase in MVPA and sedentary behavior in PE was associated with 2.04 minutes and 5.30 minutes increases in daily MVPA and sedentary behavior, respectively, after controlling for sex and BMI. The participants demonstrated a significantly higher level of MVPA (p = .05) but similar sedentary time (p = 0.61) on PE days than on non-PE days. Boys had significantly more daily MVPA (p < .01) and less sedentary time (p < .01) than girls; while higher BMI was associated with more sedentary time (p < .01). Conclusions PE displayed a positive contribution to increasing daily MVPA and decreasing daily sedentary time among youth. Active participation in PE classes increases the chance to be more active and less sedentary beyond PE among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Chen
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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