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Li H, Ren Y, Wang L, Li Y. The association of plasma connective tissue growth factor levels with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with overt hyperthyroidism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1333001. [PMID: 38375196 PMCID: PMC10874995 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1333001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is an independent predictor of future cardiovascular events. Early detection of patients with LV diastolic dysfunction can improve clinical outcomes through active management. However, the assessment of diastolic function is very complicated, and there are currently lack of effective biomarkers to assess the risk of LV diastolic dysfunction. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the associations between plasma CTGF level and the risk of LV diastolic dysfunction in this study and judge its effectiveness in diagnosing LV diastolic dysfunction. Methods A total of 169 patients with overt hyperthyroidism were included. LV diastolic function was evaluated and the subjects were divided into normal LV diastolic function group and LV diastolic dysfunction group. Routine clinical medical data, biochemical data, thyroid related parameters and echocardiographic parameters were recorded for analysis. Results Compared with normal LV diastolic function group, the LV diastolic dysfunction group had higher age and BMI, as well as lower heart rate, lower serum albumin, lower eGFR, higher serum TgAb and BNP level, and the incidences of hypertension were also higher (all P <0.05). Circulating plasma CTGF levels in the LV diastolic dysfunction group were significantly higher (normal LV diastolic function group: 7.026 [5.567-8.895], LV diastolic dysfunction group: 8.290 [7.054-9.225] ng/ml, median [(Interquartile range)], P = 0.004); Compared with the lowest quartile group, the crude odds ratios (OR) of LV diastolic dysfunction in the second, third, and fourth quartile group were 3.207, 5.032 and 4.554, respectively (all P<0.05). After adjustment for the potentially confounding variables, the adjusted OR values of the third and fourth quartile group had no obvious change. The results of ROC showed that the plasma CTGF had the largest area under the ROC curve, and the value was 0.659 (P = 0.005). Conclusion The level of circulating plasma CTGF in the LV diastolic dysfunction group was significantly increased. Plasma CTGF level is an independent risk factor for LV diastolic dysfunction. Compared with serum BNP level, the plasma CTGF level may have auxiliary diagnostic value for LV diastolic dysfunction in hyperthyroid patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahui Ren
- Department of Pediatric, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linfang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
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2
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Yang X, Cheng K, Wang LY, Jiang JG. The role of endothelial cell in cardiac hypertrophy: Focusing on angiogenesis and intercellular crosstalk. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114799. [PMID: 37121147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by cardiac structural remodeling, fibrosis, microvascular rarefaction, and chronic inflammation. The heart is structurally organized by different cell types, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. These cells highly interact with each other by a number of paracrine or autocrine factors. Cell-cell communication is indispensable for cardiac development, but also plays a vital role in regulating cardiac response to damage. Although cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts are deemed as key regulators of hypertrophic stimulation, other cells, including endothelial cells, also exert important effects on cardiac hypertrophy. More particularly, endothelial cells are the most abundant cells in the heart, which make up the basic structure of blood vessels and are widespread around other cells in the heart, implicating the great and inbuilt advantage of intercellular crosstalk. Cardiac microvascular plexuses are essential for transport of liquids, nutrients, molecules and cells within the heart. Meanwhile, endothelial cell-mediated paracrine signals have multiple positive or negative influences on cardiac hypertrophy. However, a comprehensive discussion of these influences and consequences is required. This review aims to summarize the basic function of endothelial cells in angiogenesis, with an emphasis on angiogenic molecules under hypertrophic conditions. The secondary objective of the research is to fully discuss the key molecules involved in the intercellular crosstalk and the endothelial cell-mediated protective or detrimental effects on other cardiac cells. This review provides a more comprehensive understanding of the overall role of endothelial cells in cardiac hypertrophy and guides the therapeutic approaches and drug development of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, China
| | - Lu-Yun Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Jian-Gang Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430000, China.
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3
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Zheng SY, Wan XX, Kambey PA, Luo Y, Hu XM, Liu YF, Shan JQ, Chen YW, Xiong K. Therapeutic role of growth factors in treating diabetic wound. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:364-395. [PMID: 37122434 PMCID: PMC10130901 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i4.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds in diabetic patients, especially diabetic foot ulcers, are more difficult to heal compared with normal wounds and can easily deteriorate, leading to amputation. Common treatments cannot heal diabetic wounds or control their many complications. Growth factors are found to play important roles in regulating complex diabetic wound healing. Different growth factors such as transforming growth factor beta 1, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor play different roles in diabetic wound healing. This implies that a therapeutic modality modulating different growth factors to suit wound healing can significantly improve the treatment of diabetic wounds. Further, some current treatments have been shown to promote the healing of diabetic wounds by modulating specific growth factors. The purpose of this study was to discuss the role played by each growth factor in therapeutic approaches so as to stimulate further therapeutic thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin-Xing Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Shan
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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4
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Flinn MA, Alvarez-Argote S, Knas MC, Almeida VA, Paddock SJ, Zhou X, Buddell T, Jamal A, Taylor R, Liu P, Drnevich J, Patterson M, Link BA, O’Meara CC. Myofibroblast Ccn3 is regulated by Yap and Wwtr1 and contributes to adverse cardiac outcomes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1142612. [PMID: 36998974 PMCID: PMC10043314 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1142612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While Yap and Wwtr1 regulate resident cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation following cardiac injury, their role specifically in activated myofibroblasts remains unexplored. Methods We assessed the pathophysiological and cellular consequence of genetic depletion of Yap alone (Yap fl/fl ;Postn MCM ) or Yap and Wwtr1 (Yap fl/fl ;Wwtr1 fl/+ ;Postn MCM ) in adult mouse myofibroblasts following myocardial infarction and identify and validate novel downstream factors specifically in cardiac myofibroblasts that mediate pathological remodeling. Results Following myocardial infarction, depletion of Yap in myofibroblasts had minimal effect on heart function while depletion of Yap/Wwtr1 resulted in smaller scars, reduced interstitial fibrosis, and improved ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Single cell RNA sequencing of interstitial cardiac cells 7 days post infarction showed suppression of pro-fibrotic genes in fibroblasts derived from Yap fl/fl ,Wwtr1 fl/+ ;Postn MCM hearts. In vivo myofibroblast depletion of Yap/Wwtr1 as well in vitro knockdown of Yap/Wwtr1 dramatically decreased RNA and protein expression of the matricellular factor Ccn3. Administration of recombinant CCN3 to adult mice following myocardial infarction remarkably aggravated cardiac function and scarring. CCN3 administration drove myocardial gene expression of pro-fibrotic genes in infarcted left ventricles implicating CCN3 as a novel driver of cardiac fibrotic processes following myocardial infarction. Discussion Yap/Wwtr1 depletion in myofibroblasts attenuates fibrosis and significantly improves cardiac outcomes after myocardial infarction and we identify Ccn3 as a factor downstream of Yap/Wwtr1 that contributes to adverse cardiac remodeling post MI. Myofibroblast expression of Yap, Wwtr1, and Ccn3 could be further explored as potential therapeutic targets for modulating adverse cardiac remodeling post injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Flinn
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Santiago Alvarez-Argote
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Makenna C. Knas
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Victor Alencar Almeida
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Samantha J. Paddock
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Xiaoxu Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou, China
| | - Tyler Buddell
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ayana Jamal
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Reiauna Taylor
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou, China
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- High Performance Computing in Biology (HPCBio) and the Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Michaela Patterson
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Brian A. Link
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Caitlin C. O’Meara
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Genomics Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Deng J, Yan F, Tian J, Qiao A, Yan D. Potential clinical biomarkers and perspectives in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:35. [PMID: 36871006 PMCID: PMC9985231 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-00998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious cardiovascular complication and the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Patients typically do not experience any symptoms and have normal systolic and diastolic cardiac functions in the early stages of DCM. Because the majority of cardiac tissue has already been destroyed by the time DCM is detected, research must be conducted on biomarkers for early DCM, early diagnosis of DCM patients, and early symptomatic management to minimize mortality rates among DCM patients. Most of the existing implemented clinical markers are not very specific for DCM, especially in the early stages of DCM. Recent studies have shown that a number of new novel markers, such as galactin-3 (Gal-3), adiponectin (APN), and irisin, have significant changes in the clinical course of the various stages of DCM, suggesting that we may have a positive effect on the identification of DCM. As a summary of the current state of knowledge regarding DCM biomarkers, this review aims to inspire new ideas for identifying clinical markers and related pathophysiologic mechanisms that could be used in the early diagnosis and treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, No. 3002, Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jinglun Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Aijun Qiao
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Dewen Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, No. 3002, Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong Province, China.
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6
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Ginsenoside Re inhibits myocardial fibrosis by regulating miR-489/myd88/NF-κB pathway. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:218-227. [PMID: 36926602 PMCID: PMC10014187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is an advanced pathological manifestation of many cardiovascular diseases, which can induce heart failure and malignant arrhythmias. However, the current treatment of MF lacks specific drugs. Ginsenoside Re has anti-MF effect in rat, but its mechanism is still not clear. Therefore, we investigated the anti-MF effect of ginsenoside Re by constructing mouse acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model and AngⅡ induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) model. Methods The anti-MF effect of miR-489 was investigated by transfection of miR-489 mimic and inhibitor in CFs. Effect of ginsenoside Re on MF and its related mechanisms were investigated by ultrasonographic, ELISA, histopathologic staining, transwell test, immunofluorescence, Western blot and qPCR in the mouse model of AMI and the AngⅡ-induced CFs model. Results MiR-489 decreased the expression of α-SMA, collagenⅠ, collagen Ⅲ and myd88, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in normal CFs and CFs treated with AngⅡ. Ginsenoside Re could improve cardiac function, inhibit collagen deposition and CFs migration, promote the transcription of miR-489, and reduce the expression of myd88 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Conclusion MiR-489 can effectively inhibit the pathological process of MF, and the mechanism is at least partly related to the regulation of myd88/NF-κB pathway. Ginsenoside Re can ameliorate AMI and AngⅡ induced MF, and the mechanism is at least partially related to the regulation of miR-489/myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-489 may be a potential target of anti-MF and ginsenoside Re may be an effective drug for the treatment of MF.
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7
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Cheng Y, Wang Y, Yin R, Xu Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Yang L, Zhao D. Central role of cardiac fibroblasts in myocardial fibrosis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1162754. [PMID: 37065745 PMCID: PMC10102655 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1162754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a main cardiovascular complication of diabetes, can eventually develop into heart failure and affect the prognosis of patients. Myocardial fibrosis is the main factor causing ventricular wall stiffness and heart failure in DCM. Early control of myocardial fibrosis in DCM is of great significance to prevent or postpone the progression of DCM to heart failure. A growing body of evidence suggests that cardiomyocytes, immunocytes, and endothelial cells involve fibrogenic actions, however, cardiac fibroblasts, the main participants in collagen production, are situated in the most central position in cardiac fibrosis. In this review, we systematically elaborate the source and physiological role of myocardial fibroblasts in the context of DCM, and we also discuss the potential action and mechanism of cardiac fibroblasts in promoting fibrosis, so as to provide guidance for formulating strategies for prevention and treatment of cardiac fibrosis in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dong Zhao
- *Correspondence: Longyan Yang, ; Dong Zhao,
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8
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Zhuang J, Xie L, Chen H, Yan X, Lu J, Ye J, Zhang Y, Qiang W, Zhang Q, Zhou L. Correlation of Serum Laminin Levels with Cardiac Function and In-Hospital Prognosis in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Int Heart J 2023; 64:172-177. [PMID: 37005313 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the correlation between serum laminin (LN) levels and cardiac function in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and its predictive value for in-hospital prognosis. This study included 295 patients with AF who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2019 to January 2021. The patients were divided into three groups according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification (I-II, III, and IV); the LN levels increased with increasing NYHA class (P < 0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between LN and NT-proBNP (r = 0.527, P < 0.001). Of the patients, 36 had in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), of whom 30 had acute heart failure, 5 had malignant arrhythmias, and one had stroke. The area under the ROC curve for predicting the in-hospital MACEs by LN was 0.815 (95% CI: 0.740-0.890, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that LN could be an independent predictor of in-hospital MACEs (odds ratio: 1.009, 95% confidence interval: 1.004-1.015, P = 0.001). In conclusion, LN may serve as a potential biomarker to evaluate the severity of cardiac function and predict in-hospital prognosis in AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfen Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
| | - Haixiao Chen
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University
| | - Xiaoyun Yan
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University
| | - Jinya Lu
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University
| | - Jiaqi Ye
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University
| | - Wenhui Qiang
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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Hazra R, Brine L, Garcia L, Benz B, Chirathivat N, Shen MM, Wilkinson JE, Lyons SK, Spector DL. Platr4 is an early embryonic lncRNA that exerts its function downstream on cardiogenic mesodermal lineage commitment. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2450-2468.e7. [PMID: 36347239 PMCID: PMC9680017 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian genome encodes thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), many of which are developmentally regulated and differentially expressed across tissues, suggesting their potential roles in cellular differentiation. Despite this expression pattern, little is known about how lncRNAs influence lineage commitment at the molecular level. Here, we demonstrate that perturbation of an embryonic stem cell/early embryonic lncRNA, pluripotency-associated transcript 4 (Platr4), directly influences the specification of cardiac-mesoderm-lineage differentiation. We show that Platr4 acts as a molecular scaffold or chaperone interacting with the Hippo-signaling pathway molecules Yap and Tead4 to regulate the expression of a downstream target gene, Ctgf, which is crucial to the cardiac-lineage program. Importantly, Platr4 knockout mice exhibit myocardial atrophy and valve mucinous degeneration, which are both associated with reduced cardiac output and sudden heart failure. Together, our findings provide evidence that Platr4 is required in cardiac-lineage specification and adult heart function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmani Hazra
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Lily Brine
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Libia Garcia
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Brian Benz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Napon Chirathivat
- Departments of Medicine, Genetics and Development, Urology, and Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael M Shen
- Departments of Medicine, Genetics and Development, Urology, and Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Scott K Lyons
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - David L Spector
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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10
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Karimi-Sales E, Jeddi S, Alipour MR. trans-Chalcone inhibits transforming growth factor-β1 and connective tissue growth factor-dependent collagen expression in the heart of high-fat diet-fed rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1221-1224. [PMID: 32407146 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1764045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This study, for the first time, explored the effects of trans-chalcone on cardiac expressions of myocardial fibrosis-related genes, including transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2), and collagen type I.Materials and methods: Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, received 10% tween 80; chalcone, received trans-chalcone; HFD, received high-fat diet (HFD) and 10% tween 80; HFD + chalcone, received HFD and trans-chalcone, by once-daily gavage for 6 weeks. Finally, cardiac expression levels of TGF-β1, CTGF, and collagen type I were determined.Results: HFD feeding increased mRNA levels of collagen type I, TGF-β1, and CTGF in the heart of rats. However, trans-chalcone inhibited HFD-induced changes.Conclusions: trans-Chalcone can act as a cardioprotective compound by inhibiting TGF-β1 and CTGF-dependent stimulation of collagen type I synthesis in the heart of HFD-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Karimi-Sales
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Chen X, Yang Q, Bai W, Yao W, Liu L, Xing Y, Meng C, Qi P, Dang Y, Qi X. Dapagliflozin Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis by Inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway in a Normoglycemic Rabbit Model of Chronic Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:873108. [PMID: 35645838 PMCID: PMC9136228 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.873108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors play a beneficial role for normoglycemic patients with heart failure (HF). However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors in a normoglycemic rabbit model of chronic heart failure (CHF) and its potential mechanism was also explored. A total of 24 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the sham group, HF group, perindopril group, and dapagliflozin (DAPA) group. The normoglycemic CHF model was established by aortic constriction for 12 weeks. In the 13th week, DAPA (1 mg/kg/day) or perindopril (0.5 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage daily for 10 weeks. Both the sham group and HF group were given normal saline via gavage. After 10 weeks, the heart structure and function were evaluated by echocardiography and plasma NT-proBNP. Moreover, cardiac fibrosis was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, Masson’s trichrome staining, and Western blotting analysis. The results showed that DAPA improved the myocardial structure and function of normoglycemic CHF rabbits and ameliorated myocardial fibrosis. Further study indicated that DAPA suppressed cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings showed that DAPA could ameliorate cardiac fibrosis in normoglycemic CHF rabbits by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenlou Bai
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenjing Yao
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Litian Liu
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xing
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cunliang Meng
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peng Qi
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Dang
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Qi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Cardiology Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Qi,
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12
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Schimmel K, Ichimura K, Reddy S, Haddad F, Spiekerkoetter E. Cardiac Fibrosis in the Pressure Overloaded Left and Right Ventricle as a Therapeutic Target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:886553. [PMID: 35600469 PMCID: PMC9120363 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.886553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a remodeling process of the extracellular matrix (ECM) following cardiac stress. "Replacement fibrosis" is a term used to describe wound healing in the acute phase of an injury, such as myocardial infarction. In striking contrast, ECM remodeling following chronic pressure overload insidiously develops over time as "reactive fibrosis" leading to diffuse interstitial and perivascular collagen deposition that continuously perturbs the function of the left (L) or the right ventricle (RV). Examples for pressure-overload conditions resulting in reactive fibrosis in the LV are systemic hypertension or aortic stenosis, whereas pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or congenital heart disease with right sided obstructive lesions such as pulmonary stenosis result in RV reactive fibrosis. In-depth phenotyping of cardiac fibrosis has made it increasingly clear that both forms, replacement and reactive fibrosis co-exist in various etiologies of heart failure. While the role of fibrosis in the pathogenesis of RV heart failure needs further assessment, reactive fibrosis in the LV is a pathological hallmark of adverse cardiac remodeling that is correlated with or potentially might even drive both development and progression of heart failure (HF). Further, LV reactive fibrosis predicts adverse outcome in various myocardial diseases and contributes to arrhythmias. The ability to effectively block pathological ECM remodeling of the LV is therefore an important medical need. At a cellular level, the cardiac fibroblast takes center stage in reactive fibrotic remodeling of the heart. Activation and proliferation of endogenous fibroblast populations are the major source of synthesis, secretion, and deposition of collagens in response to a variety of stimuli. Enzymes residing in the ECM are responsible for collagen maturation and cross-linking. Highly cross-linked type I collagen stiffens the ventricles and predominates over more elastic type III collagen in pressure-overloaded conditions. Research has attempted to identify pro-fibrotic drivers causing fibrotic remodeling. Single key factors such as Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) have been described and subsequently targeted to test their usefulness in inhibiting fibrosis in cultured fibroblasts of the ventricles, and in animal models of cardiac fibrosis. More recently, modulation of phenotypic behaviors like inhibition of proliferating fibroblasts has emerged as a strategy to reduce pathogenic cardiac fibroblast numbers in the heart. Some studies targeting LV reactive fibrosis as outlined above have successfully led to improvements of cardiac structure and function in relevant animal models. For the RV, fibrosis research is needed to better understand the evolution and roles of fibrosis in RV failure. RV fibrosis is seen as an integral part of RV remodeling and presents at varying degrees in patients with PAH and animal models replicating the disease of RV afterload. The extent to which ECM remodeling impacts RV function and thus patient survival is less clear. In this review, we describe differences as well as common characteristics and key players in ECM remodeling of the LV vs. the RV in response to pressure overload. We review pre-clinical studies assessing the effect of anti-fibrotic drug candidates on LV and RV function and their premise for clinical testing. Finally, we discuss the mode of action, safety and efficacy of anti-fibrotic drugs currently tested for the treatment of left HF in clinical trials, which might guide development of new approaches to target right heart failure. We touch upon important considerations and knowledge gaps to be addressed for future clinical testing of anti-fibrotic cardiac therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Schimmel
- Division Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kenzo Ichimura
- Division Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sushma Reddy
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Francois Haddad
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Edda Spiekerkoetter
- Division Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Edda Spiekerkoetter,
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13
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Fan C, Wang Q, Chen Y, Ye T, Fan Y. Exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells attenuate myocardial fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro via autophagy activation: the key role of miR-199a-3p/mTOR pathway. Hum Cell 2022; 35:817-835. [PMID: 35190954 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy suppression plays key a role during myocardial fibrosis (MF) progression. Exosomes from stem cells attenuate MF. The current study aimed to explain the antifibrosis effects of exosomes by focusing on microRNAs (miRs). MF was induced in rats using transverse aortic constriction (TAC) method and handled with exosomes from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The results of in vivo assays were verified with H9c2 cells. MiR expression profile was determined using microarray detection. The influence of miR-199a-3p modulation in vivo and in vitro on the antifibrosis effect of exosomes then was assessed. Exosomes attenuated MF by inhibiting inflammation, improving tissue structure, and inhibiting fibrosis-related indicators in TAC rats, and the effects were associated with autophagy activation. In H9c2 cells, exosomes suppressed cell viability, induced cell apoptosis, inhibited fibrosis-related indicators, while and the inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA would block the effect of exosomes. Based on the microarray detection, miR-199a-3p level was selected as therapeutic target. The inhibition of miR-199a-3p impaired the antifibrosis effects of exosomes on H9c2 cells, which was associated with autophagy inhibition. Collectively, exosomes from BMSCs exerted antifibrosis effects via the distant transfer of miR-199a-3p to heart tissues, which induced autophagy by inhibiting mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, No. 333 Chuan'an South Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qizeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, No. 333 Chuan'an South Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youjin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, No. 333 Chuan'an South Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, No. 333 Chuan'an South Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuncao Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, No. 333 Chuan'an South Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Dong Q, Wen X, Chang G, Xia R, Wang S, Yang Y, Tao Y, Zhang D, Qin S. ST-segment resolution as a marker for severe myocardial fibrosis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:455. [PMID: 34548012 PMCID: PMC8454141 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between ST-segment resolution (STR) and myocardial scar thickness after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods Forty-two STEMI patients with single-branch coronary artery stenosis or occlusion were enrolled. ST-segment elevations were measured at emergency admission and at 24 h after PCI. Late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR-LGE) was performed 7 days after PCI to evaluate myocardial scars. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the utility of STR to predict the development of transmural (> 75%) or non-transmural (< 75%) myocardial scars, according to previous study. Results The sensitivity and specificity of STR for predicting transmural scars were 96% and 88%, respectively, at an STR cut-off value of 40.15%. The area under the curve was 0.925. Multivariate logistic proportional hazards regression analysis disclosed that patients with STR < 40.15% had a 170.90-fold higher probability of developing transmural scars compared with patients with STR ≥ 40.15%. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses showed STR percentage was significantly associated with myocardial scar thickness and size. Conclusion STR < 40.15% at 24 h after PCI may provide meaningful diagnostic information regarding the extent of myocardial scarification in STEMI patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-021-02269-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuesong Wen
- Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanglei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Sihang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunjing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China.
| | - Shu Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China.
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15
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Ploeg MC, Munts C, Prinzen FW, Turner NA, van Bilsen M, van Nieuwenhoven FA. Piezo1 Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Mediates Stretch-Induced Nppb Expression in Adult Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071745. [PMID: 34359915 PMCID: PMC8303625 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to stretch, cardiac tissue produces natriuretic peptides, which have been suggested to have beneficial effects in heart failure patients. In the present study, we explored the mechanism of stretch-induced brain natriuretic peptide (Nppb) expression in cardiac fibroblasts. Primary adult rat cardiac fibroblasts subjected to 4 h or 24 h of cyclic stretch (10% 1 Hz) showed a 6.6-fold or 3.2-fold (p < 0.05) increased mRNA expression of Nppb, as well as induction of genes related to myofibroblast differentiation. Moreover, BNP protein secretion was upregulated 5.3-fold in stretched cardiac fibroblasts. Recombinant BNP inhibited TGFβ1-induced Acta2 expression. Nppb expression was >20-fold higher in cardiomyocytes than in cardiac fibroblasts, indicating that cardiac fibroblasts were not the main source of Nppb in the healthy heart. Yoda1, an agonist of the Piezo1 mechanosensitive ion channel, increased Nppb expression 2.1-fold (p < 0.05) and significantly induced other extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling genes. Silencing of Piezo1 reduced the stretch-induced Nppb and Tgfb1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts. In conclusion, our study identifies Piezo1 as mediator of stretch-induced Nppb expression, as well as other remodeling genes, in cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike C. Ploeg
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Chantal Munts
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Frits W. Prinzen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Frans A. van Nieuwenhoven
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis stems from the changes in the expression of fibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in response to the tissue damage induced by various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) leading to their transformation into active myofibroblasts, which produce high amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins leading, in turn, to excessive deposition of ECM in cardiac tissue. The excessive accumulation of ECM elements causes heart stiffness, tissue scarring, electrical conduction disruption and finally cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Curcumin (Cur; also known as diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol compound extracted from rhizomes of Curcuma longa with an influence on an extensive spectrum of biological phenomena including cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, pathogenesis, chemoprevention, apoptosis, angiogenesis and cardiac pathological changes. Cumulative evidence has suggested a beneficial role for Cur in improving disrupted cardiac function developed by cardiac fibrosis by establishing a balance between degradation and synthesis of ECM components. There are various molecular mechanisms contributing to the development of cardiac fibrosis. We presented a review of Cur effects on cardiac fibrosis and the discovered underlying mechanisms by them Cur interact to establish its cardio-protective effects.
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17
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Zhang M, Zhu NW, Ma WC, Chen MJ, Zheng L. Combined treatment with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technique and NM-aFGF-loaded PEG-nanoliposomes protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy-induced oxidative stress by activating the AKT/GSK-3β1/Nrf-2 pathway. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:938-952. [PMID: 32611270 PMCID: PMC8216439 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1785052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to investigate the effect of non-mitogenic acidic fibroblast growth factor (NM-aFGF) loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes (NM-aFGF-PEG-lips) combined with the ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technique on modulating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM)and the mechanism involved. Animal studies showed that the diabetes mellitus (DM) group exhibited typical myocardial structural and functional changes of DCM. The indexes from the transthoracic echocardiography showed that the left ventricular function in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group was significantly improved compared with the DM group. Histopathological observation further confirmed that the cardiomyocyte structural abnormalities and mitochondria ultrastructural changes were also significantly improved in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group compared with DM group. The cardiac volume fraction (CVF) and apoptosis index in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group decreased to 10.31 ± 0.76% and 2.16 ± 0.34, respectively, compared with those in the DM group (CVF = 21.4 ± 2.32, apoptosis index = 11.51 ± 1.24%). Moreover, we also found significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity as well as clearly decreased lipid hydroperoxide levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group compared with those in the DM group (p < .05). Western blot analysis further revealed the highest level of NM-aFGF, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β1, Nrf-2, SOD2 and NQO1 in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group. This study confirmed using PEGylated nanoliposomes combined with the UTMD technique can effectively deliver NM-aFGF to the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. The NM-aFGF can then inhibit myocardial oxidative stress damage due to DM by activating the AKT/GSK/Nrf-2 signaling pathway, which ultimately improved the myocardial structural and functional lesions in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Yinzhou NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Ning-Wei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Yinzhou NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Meng-Jia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Yinzhou NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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18
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Abstract
Diffuse myocardial fibrosis resulting from the excessive deposition of collagen fibres through the entire myocardium is encountered in a number of chronic cardiac diseases. This lesion results from alterations in the regulation of fibrillary collagen turnover by fibroblasts, facilitating the excessive deposition of type I and type III collagen fibres within the myocardial interstitium and around intramyocardial vessels. The available evidence suggests that, beyond the extent of fibrous deposits, collagen composition and the physicochemical properties of the fibres are also relevant in the detrimental effects of diffuse myocardial fibrosis on cardiac function and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. In this regard, findings from the past 20 years suggest that various clinicopathological phenotypes of diffuse myocardial fibrosis exist in patients with heart failure. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms and detrimental consequences of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. Furthermore, we discuss the validity and usefulness of available imaging techniques and circulating biomarkers to assess the clinicopathological variation in this lesion and to track its clinical evolution. Finally, we highlight the currently available and potential future therapeutic strategies aimed at personalizing the prevention and reversal of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in patients with heart failure.
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19
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Influence of microcurrent on the modulation of remodelling genes in a wound healing assay. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1233-1241. [PMID: 33475929 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The literature has shown the beneficial effects of microcurrent (MC) therapy on tissue repair. We investigated if the application of MC at 10 μA/90 s could modulate the expression of remodeling genes transforming growth factor beta (Tgfb), connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf), insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1), tenascin C (Tnc), Fibronectin (Fn1), Scleraxis (Scx), Fibromodulin (Fmod) and tenomodulin in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts in a wound healing assay. The cell migration was analyzed between days 0 and 4 in both fibroblasts (F) and fibroblasts + MC (F+MC) groups. On the 4th day, cell viability and gene expression were also analyzed after daily MC application. Higher expression of Ctgf and lower expression of Tnc and Fmod, respectively, were observed in the F+MC group in relation to F group (p < 0.05), and no difference was observed between the groups for the genes Tgfb, Fn1 and Scx. In cell migration, a higher number of cells in the scratch region was observed in group F+MC (p < 0.05) compared to group F on the 4th day, and the cell viability assay showed no difference between the groups. In conclusion, MC therapy at an intensity/time of 10 μA/90 s with 4 daily applications did not affect cell viability, stimulated fibroblasts migration with the involvement of Ctgf, and reduced the Tnc and Fmod expression.
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20
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Li Y, Liu M, Yi J, Song X, Zheng X, Liu D, Wang S, Chu C, Yang J. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide inhibits apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagy axis and improves myocardial reconstruction after acute myocardial infarction. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:1325-1336. [PMID: 33210714 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During acute myocardial infarction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced autophagy and apoptosis have been shown as important pathogeneses of myocardial reconstruction. Importantly, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a third endogenous gas signaling molecule, exerts strong cytoprotective effect on anti-ER stress, autophagy regulation and antiapoptosis. Here, we showed that H2S treatment inhibits apoptosis by regulating ER stress-autophagy axis and improves myocardial reconstruction after acute myocardial infarction. We found that H2S intervention improved left ventricle function, reduced glycogen deposition in myocardial tissue mesenchyme, and inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, the expressions of fibrosis indicators (Col3a1 and Col1a2), ER stress-related proteins (CHOP and BIP/ERP78), autophagy-related proteins (Beclin and ATG5), apoptosis protein (Bax), as well as fibrosis protein Col4a3bp were all decreased after treatment with H2S. H2S administration also maintained MMP/TIMP balance. Mechanistically, H2S activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, H2S treatment also reduced the expressions of ER stress-related proteins, autophagy-related proteins, and apoptins in in vitro experiments. Interestingly, activation of ER stress-autophagy axis could reverse the inhibitory effect of H2S on myocardial apoptosis. Altogether, these results suggested that exogenous H2S suppresses myocardial apoptosis by blocking ER stress-autophagy axis, which in turn reverses cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Maojun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jiali Yi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiong Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xia Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Chun Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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21
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Mohseni Z, Derksen E, Oben J, Al-Nasiry S, Spaanderman MEA, Ghossein-Doha C. Cardiac dysfunction after preeclampsia; an overview of pro- and anti-fibrotic circulating effector molecules. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 23:140-154. [PMID: 33388730 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is strongly associated with heart failure (HF) later in life. The aberrant cardiac remodelling is likely initiated or amplified during preeclamptic pregnancy. Aberrant remodelling often persists after delivery and is known to relate strongly to cardiac fibrosis. This review provides an overview of pro- and anti- fibrotic circulating effector molecules that are involved in cardiac fibrosis and their association with PE. Women with PE complicated pregnancies show increased ANG-II sensitivity and elevated levels of the pro-fibrotic factors IL-6, TNF-α, TGs and FFAs compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. In the postpartum period, PE pregnancies compared to uncomplicated pregnancies have increased ANG-II sensitivity, elevated levels of the pro-fibrotic factors IL-6, TNF-α, LDL cholesterol and leptin, as well as decreased levels of the anti-fibrotic factor adiponectin. The review revealed several profibrotic molecules that associate to cardiac fibrosis during and after PE. The role that these fibrotic factors have on the heart during and after PE may improve the understanding of the link between PE and HF. Furthermore they may provide insight into the pathways in which the relation between both diseases can be understood as potential mechanisms which interfere in the process of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Unravelling the molecular mechanism and pathways involved might bring the diagnostic and therapeutic abilities of those factors a step closer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenab Mohseni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands.
| | - Elianne Derksen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Oben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands
| | - Salwan Al-Nasiry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands
| | - Marc E A Spaanderman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Chahinda Ghossein-Doha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), The Netherlands
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22
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Mashimo K, Ohno Y. Cultured Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes Continue Beating Through Upregulation of CTGF Gene Expression. J NIPPON MED SCH 2020; 87:268-276. [PMID: 33311008 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2020_87-505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes continue spontaneous beating even in serum-free medium. The present study explored the cause and genes responsible for this phenomenon. METHODS Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was used to analyze fold changes in gene expression in beating neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, as compared with non-beating cardiomyocytes, which were obtained from DNA microarray data of total RNA extracts of cardiomyocytes. To confirm the involvement of the 8 genes selected by IPA prediction, cellular protein abundances were determined by Western blot. The gene expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was substantially higher in beating cardiomyocytes than in non-beating cardiomyocytes; thus, CTGF protein content released from cardiomyocytes into the culture medium was examined. RESULTS IPA showed that the "Apelin Cardiac Fibroblast Signaling Pathway" was significantly inhibited and that microtubule dynamics and cytoskeleton organization were significantly activated. Each fluctuation in the cellular abundances of the 8 proteins in beating cardiomyocytes, as compared with non-beating cardiomyocytes, was primarily in the same direction as that of gene expression. However, the cellular CTGF protein abundance as well as CTGF content released into the medium did not substantially differ between beating and non-beating cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that the large increase in CTGF gene expression in beating cardiomyocytes is not a cause but a result of beating, which may provide a putative pathway for controlling beating. Beating is sustained by developed cardiomyofibrils and directly upregulates CTGF gene expression, which is not followed by CTGF protein synthesis.
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Induction of HO-1 by 5, 8-Dihydroxy-4',7-Dimethoxyflavone via Activation of ROS/p38 MAPK/Nrf2 Attenuates Thrombin-Induced Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1080168. [PMID: 33343802 PMCID: PMC7732388 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1080168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to exert as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory enzyme in cardiovascular inflammatory diseases. Flavonoids have been demonstrated to display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through the induction of HO-1. 5,8-Dihydroxy-4',7-dimethoxyflavone (DDF), one of the flavonoid compounds, is isolated from Reevesia formosana. Whether DDF induced HO-1 expression on human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) remained unknown. Here, we found that DDF time- and concentration-dependently induced HO-1 protein and mRNA expression, which was attenuated by pretreatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in HCFs. DDF-enhanced ROS generation was attenuated by NAC, but not by either diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI, Nox inhibitor) or MitoTempol (mitochondrial ROS scavenger). Interestingly, pretreatment with glutathione (GSH) inhibited DDF-induced HO-1 expression. The ratio of GSH/GSSG was time-dependently decreased in DDF-treated HCFs. DDF-induced HO-1 expression was attenuated by an inhibitor of p38 MAPK (p38i VIII) or siRNA, but not by MEK1/2 (PD98059) or JNK1/2 (SP600125). DDF-stimulated p38 MAPK phosphorylation was inhibited by GSH or p38i VIII. Moreover, DDF-induced HO-1 expression was mediated through Nrf2 phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus which was attenuated by NAC or p38 siRNA. DDF also stimulated antioxidant response element (ARE) promoter activity which was inhibited by NAC, GSH, or p38i VIII. Interaction between Nrf2 and the ARE-binding sites on the HO-1 promoter was revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, which was attenuated by NAC, GSH, or p38i VIII. We further evaluated the functional effect of HO-1 expression on the thrombin-induced fibrotic responses. Our result indicated that the induction of HO-1 by DDF can attenuate the thrombin-induced connective tissue growth factor expression. These results suggested that DDF-induced HO-1 expression is, at least, mediated through the activation of the ROS-dependent p38 MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway in HCFs. Thus, the upregulation of HO-1 by DDF could be a candidate for the treatment of heart fibrosis.
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Ou Y, Liao C, Li H, Yu G. LncRNA SOX2OT/Smad3 feedback loop promotes myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2469-2480. [PMID: 32959533 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA SOX2OT is associated with myocardial fibrosis (MF) in heart failure (HF). This article aims to investigate the role of SOX2OT in MF. We constructed HF mouse models by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline (ISO). Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were treated with ISO to induce MF.Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson, and Sirius-red staining were used to identify myocardial injury and collagen deposition in heart tissues. The relationship among SOX2OT, miR-138-5p, TGF-β1, and Smad3 were evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay. The gene and protein expression were verified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. We found that SOX2OT was up-regulated in HF mice and ISO-induced CFs. SOX2OT knockdown reduced myocardial injury and collagen deposition in HF mice. The expression of collagen I, α-SMA, TGF-β1, and p-Smad3 were inhibited by SOX2OT down-regulation in HF mice and ISO-induced CFs. Furthermore, TGF-β1 was a target gene of miR-138-5p and indirectly regulated by SOX2OT. SOX2OT promoted MF in HF by activating TGF-β1/Smad3, and then Smad3 interacted with the SOX2OT promoter and formed a positive feedback loop. In conclusion, our work verifies that SOX2OT/Smad3 feedback loop promotes MF in HF. Thus, SOX2OT is potentially a novel therapeutic target for MF in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunfeng Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular, Changsha First People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Guolong Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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25
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Targeting the Nrf2/ARE Signalling Pathway to Mitigate Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy: Plausible Role of Hesperetin in Redox Homeostasis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9568278. [PMID: 32952852 PMCID: PMC7482027 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9568278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is the underlying cause of heart failure and is characterized by excessive oxidative stress leading to collagen deposition. Therefore, understanding the signalling mechanisms involved in excessive extracellular matrix deposition is necessary to prevent cardiac remodelling and heart failure. In this study, we hypothesized that hesperetin, a flavanone that elicits the activation of Nrf2 signalling and thereby suppresses oxidative stress, mediated pathological cardiac hypertrophy progression. A cardiac hypertrophy model was established with subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol in male Wistar rats. Oxidative stress markers, antioxidant defense status, and its upstream signalling molecules were evaluated to discover the impacts of hesperetin in ameliorating cardiac hypertrophy. Our results implicate that hesperetin pretreatment resulted in the mitigation of oxidative stress by upregulating antioxidant capacity of the heart. This curative effect might be owing to the activation of the master regulator of antioxidant defense system, known as Nrf2. Further, analysis of Nrf2 revealed that hesperetin enhances its nuclear translocation as well as the expression of its downstream targets (GCLC, NQO1, and HO-1) to boost the antioxidative status of the cells. To support this notion, in vitro studies were carried out in isoproterenol-treated H9c2 cells. Immunocytochemical analysis showed augmented nuclear localization of Nrf2 implicating the action of hesperetin at the molecular level to maintain the cellular redox homeostasis. Thus, it is conceivable that hesperetin could be a potential therapeutic candidate that enhances Nrf2 signalling and thereby ameliorates pathological cardiac remodelling.
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Waldman M, Arad M, Abraham NG, Hochhauser E. The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma Coactivator-1α-Heme Oxygenase 1 Axis, a Powerful Antioxidative Pathway with Potential to Attenuate Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1273-1290. [PMID: 32027164 PMCID: PMC7232636 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: From studies of diabetic animal models, the downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)-heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) axis appears to be a crucial event in the development of obesity and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). In this review, we discuss the role of metabolic and biochemical stressors in the rodent and human pathophysiology of DCM. A crucial contributor for many cardiac pathologies is excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathologies, which lead to extensive cellular damage by impairing mitochondrial function and directly oxidizing DNA, proteins, and lipid membranes. We discuss the role of ROS production and inflammatory pathways with multiple contributing and confounding factors leading to DCM. Recent Advances: The relevant biochemical pathways that are critical to a therapeutic approach to treat DCM, specifically caloric restriction and its relation to the PGC-1α-HO-1 axis in the attenuation of DCM, are elucidated. Critical Issues: The increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2, a major contributor to unique cardiomyopathy characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy with no effective clinical treatment. This review highlights the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of DCM and potential oxidative targets to attenuate oxidative stress and attenuate DCM. Future Directions: Targeting the PGC-1α-HO-1 axis is a promising approach to ameliorate DCM through improvement in mitochondrial function and antioxidant defenses. A pharmacological inducer to activate PGC-1α and HO-1 described in this review may be a promising therapeutic approach in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Waldman
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute at Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cardiac Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michael Arad
- Cardiac Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nader G. Abraham
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Edith Hochhauser
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute at Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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27
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Su C, Wang Q, Luo H, Jiao W, Tang J, Li L, Tian L, Chen X, Liu B, Yu X, Li S, Guo S, Wang W. Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction attenuates cardiac fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β1 pathway and interfering with MMP-TIMPs expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110132. [PMID: 32403042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial fibrosis is an important pathological feature of pressure overload cardiac remodeling. Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction (SMYAD), a traditional Chinese formula, is now clinically used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. However, its mechanisms in the prevention of heart failure are not fully revealed. PURPOSE To determine whether treatment with SMYAD for 4 weeks would lead to changes in collagen metabolism and ventricular remodeling in a mice model of heart failure. METHODS Mice were subjected to transverse aorta constriction to generate pressure overload induced cardiac remodeling and then were administered SMYAD (14.85 g/kg/day) or captopril (16.5 mg/kg/day) intragastrically for 4 weeks after surgery. Echocardiography and immunohistochemical examination were used to evaluate the effects of SMYAD. The mRNA of collagen metabolism biomarkers were detected. Protein expression of TGF-β1/Smad and TGF-β1/TAK1/p38 pathway were assessed by Western blot. RESULTS SMYAD significantly improved cardiac function, increased left ventricle ejection fraction, and decreased fibrosis area and αSMA expression. Moreover, SMYAD reduced proteins expression related to collagen metabolism, including Col1, Col3, TIMP2 and CTGF. The increased levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, and Smad3 phosphorylation were attenuated in SMYAD group. In addition, SMYAD reduced the levels of TGF-β1, p-TAK1 and p-p38 compared with TAC group. CONCLUSIONS SMYAD improved cardiac fibrosis and heart failure by inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad and TGF-β1/TAK1/p38 pathway. SMYAD protected against cardiac fibrosis and maintained collagen metabolism balance by regulating MMP-TIMP expression. Taken together, these results indicate that SMYAD might be a promising therapeutic agent against cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congping Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hui Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenchao Jiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiayang Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Shuzhen Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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28
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Gaignebet L, Kańduła MM, Lehmann D, Knosalla C, Kreil DP, Kararigas G. Sex-Specific Human Cardiomyocyte Gene Regulation in Left Ventricular Pressure Overload. Mayo Clin Proc 2020; 95:688-697. [PMID: 31954524 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess gene expression in cardiomyocytes isolated from patients with aortic stenosis, hypothesizing that maladaptive remodeling and inflammation-related genes are higher in male vs female patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this study, 34 patients with aortic stenosis undergoing aortic valve replacement from March 20, 2016, through May 24, 2017, at the German Heart Centre in Berlin, Germany, were included. Isolated cardiomyocytes from interventricular septum samples were used for gene expression analysis. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected preoperatively. RESULTS Age, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, comorbidities, and medication were similar between the 17 male and 17 female patients. The mean ± SD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (52±9 vs 45±4 mm; P=.007) and posterior wall thickness (14.2±2.5 vs 12.1±1.6 mm; P=.03) were higher in male vs female patients, while ejection fraction was lower in male patients (49%±14% vs 59%±5%; P=.01). Focusing on structural genes involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, we found that most were expressed higher in male vs female patients. Our modeling analysis revealed that 2 inflammation-related genes, CCN2 and NFKB1, were negatively related to ejection fraction, with this effect being male specific (P=.03 and P=.02, respectively). CONCLUSION These findings provide novel insight into cardiomyocyte-specific molecular changes related to sex differences in pressure overload and a significant male-specific association between cardiac function and inflammation-related genes. Considering these sex differences may contribute toward a more accurate design of research and the development of more appropriate therapeutic approaches for both male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Gaignebet
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Lehmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany; German Heart Centre, Berlin, Germany
| | - David P Kreil
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
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29
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Ma H, Yu S, Liu X, Zhang Y, Fakadej T, Liu Z, Yin C, Shen W, Locasale JW, Taylor JM, Qian L, Liu J. Lin28a Regulates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophic Growth Through Pck2-Mediated Enhancement of Anabolic Synthesis. Circulation 2020; 139:1725-1740. [PMID: 30636447 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.037803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic response to pathological stimuli is a complex biological process that involves transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the cardiac transcriptome. Although previous studies have implicated transcriptional factors and signaling molecules in pathological hypertrophy, the role of RNA-binding protein in this process has received little attention. METHODS Here we used transverse aortic constriction and in vitro cardiac hypertrophy models to characterize the role of an evolutionary conserved RNA-binding protein Lin28a in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Next-generation sequencing, RNA immunoprecipitation, and gene expression analyses were applied to identify the downstream targets of Lin28a. Epistatic analysis, metabolic assays, and flux analysis were further used to characterize the effects of Lin28a and its downstream mediator in cardiomyocyte hypertrophic growth and metabolic remodeling. RESULTS Cardiac-specific deletion of Lin28a attenuated pressure overload-induced hypertrophic growth, cardiac dysfunction, and alterations in cardiac transcriptome. Mechanistically, Lin28a directly bound to mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 ( Pck2) mRNA and increased its transcript level. Increasing Pck2 was sufficient to promote hypertrophic growth similar to that caused by increasing Lin28a, whereas knocking down Pck2 attenuated norepinephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Epistatic analysis demonstrated that Pck2 mediated, at least in part, the role of Lin28a in cardiac hypertrophic growth. Furthermore, metabolomic analyses highlighted the role for Lin28a and Pck2 in promoting cardiac biosynthesis required for cell growth. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Lin28a promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy and glycolytic reprograming, at least in part, by binding to and stabilizing Pck2 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Shuo Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (X.L., J.W.L.)
| | - Yingao Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Thomas Fakadej
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Ziqing Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Chaoying Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Weining Shen
- Department of Statistics, University of California at Irvine (W.S.)
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (X.L., J.W.L.)
| | - Joan M Taylor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Jiandong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,McAllister Heart Institute (H.M., S.Y., Y.Z., T.F., Z.L., C.Y., J.M.T., L.Q., J.L.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Effects of 6-mercaptopurine in pressure overload induced right heart failure. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225122. [PMID: 31714926 PMCID: PMC6850541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several antineoplastic drugs have been proposed as new compounds for pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment but many have cardiotoxic side effects. The chemotherapeutic agent 6-mercaptopurine may have an effect in treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension but at the same time, its effects on the afterload adaption of the right ventricle is unpredictable due to interaction with multiple downstream signalling pathways in the cardiomyocytes. We investigated the direct cardiac effects of 6-mercaptopurine in rats with isolated right heart failure caused by pulmonary trunk banding (PTB). Methods Male Wistar rat weanlings (112±2 g) were randomized to sham operation (sham, n = 10) or PTB. The PTB animals were randomized to placebo (PTB-control, n = 10) and 6-mercaptopurine (7.5 mg/kg/day) groups with treatment start before the PTB procedure (PTB-prevention, n = 10) or two weeks after (PTB-reversal, n = 10). Right ventricular effects were evaluated by echocardiography, cardiac MRI, invasive pressure-volume measurements, and histological and molecular analyses. Results PTB increased right ventricular afterload and caused right ventricular hypertrophy and failure. 6-mercaptopurine did not improve right ventricular function nor reduce right ventricular remodelling in both prevention and reversal studies compared with placebo-treated rats. Conclusion Treatment with 6-mercaptopurine did not have any beneficial or detrimental effects on right ventricular function or remodelling. Our data suggest that treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension with 6-mercaptopurine is not harmful to the failing right ventricle.
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Le F, Wang N, Zhang F, Luo Y, Lou Y, Hu M, Wang L, Thurston LM, Xu X, Jin F. Alteration in the expression of the renin-angiotensin system in the myocardium of mice conceived by in vitro fertilization. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:1276-1288. [PMID: 30010728 PMCID: PMC6299247 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have revealed that offspring conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) have an elevated risk of cardiovascular malformations at birth, and are more predisposed to cardiovascular diseases. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an essential role in both the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease in fetuses and cardiovascular dysfunction in adults. This study aimed to assess the relative expression levels of genes in the RAS pathway in mice conceived using IVF, compared to natural mating with superovulation. Results demonstrated that expression of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and collagen 3 (COL3), in the myocardial tissue of IVF-conceived mice, was elevated at 3 weeks, 10 weeks, and 1.5 years of age, when compared to their non-IVF counterparts. These data were supported by microRNA microarray analysis of the myocardial tissue of aged IVF-conceived mice, where miR-100, miR-297, and miR-758, which interact with COL3, AGTR1, and COL1 respectively, were upregulated when compared to naturally mated mice of the same age. Interestingly, bisulfite sequencing data indicated that IVF-conceived mice exhibited decreased methylation of CpG sites in Col1. In support of our in vivo investigations, miR-297 overexpression was shown to upregulate AGTR1 and CTGF, and increased cell proliferation in cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes. These findings indicate that the altered expression of RAS in myocardial tissue might contribute to cardiovascular malformation and/or dysfunction in IVF-conceived offspring. Furthermore, these cardiovascular abnormalities might be the result of altered DNA methylation and abnormal regulation of microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijing Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fang Le
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuqin Luo
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiyun Lou
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Minhao Hu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lisa M Thurston
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London NW1 0TU, UK.,Academic Unit of Reproduction and Development, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2SF, UK
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fan Jin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics of National Ministry of Education, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Asiatic acid inhibits cardiac fibrosis throughNrf2/HO-1 and TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathways in spontaneous hypertension rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Larsen JH, Rasmussen LM, Lindholt JS, Steffensen LB. Plasma CCN2 is independently related to subsequent need for abdominal aorta aneurysm repair. Growth Factors 2019; 37:146-152. [PMID: 31559874 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2019.1662416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if plasma CCN2 is associated with abdominal aorta aneurysm (AAA), and future need for AAA repair, and further to assess the potential clinical value of CCN2 in predicting disease outcome. CCN2 was quantified in plasma samples obtained from a cohort of 679 men aged 65-74 at initial ultrasound screening for AAA in the Viborg Vascular (VIVA) screening trial. Plasma CCN2 was correlated with need for future surgical repair in the whole study population (HR = 1.457 (1.081-1.962), p = .013) and in the AAA group alone (HR = 1.431 (1.064-1.926), p = .018), yet the predictive value (CCN2 > 0 and <0 of 0.52 and 0.55, respectively) disqualified its use in clinically relevant AAA repair prediction. In conclusion, CCN2 is independently related to subsequent need for AAA repair, but has negligible predictive power for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Hjortshøj Larsen
- Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Melholt Rasmussen
- Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jes Sanddal Lindholt
- Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Vascular Research Unit, Viborg Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Lasse Bach Steffensen
- Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Connective Tissue Growth Factor Is Related to All-cause Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients and Is Lowered by On-line Hemodiafiltration: Results from the Convective Transport Study. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050268. [PMID: 31086050 PMCID: PMC6563290 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis. The aminoterminal fragment of CTGF is a middle molecule that accumulates in chronic kidney disease. The aims of this study are to explore determinants of plasma CTGF in hemodialysis (HD) patients, investigate whether CTGF relates to all-cause mortality in HD patients, and investigate whether online-hemodiafiltration (HDF) lowers CTGF. Data from 404 patients participating in the CONvective TRAnsport STudy (CONTRAST) were analyzed. Patients were randomized to low-flux HD or HDF. Pre-dialysis CTGF was measured by sandwich ELISA at baseline, after six and 12 months. CTGF was inversely related in multivariable analysis to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (p < 0.001) and positively to cardiovascular disease (CVD) (p = 0.006), dialysis vintage (p < 0.001), interleukin-6 (p < 0.001), beta-2-microglobulin (p = 0.045), polycystic kidney disease (p < 0.001), tubulointerstitial nephritis (p = 0.002), and renal vascular disease (p = 0.041). Patients in the highest quartile had a higher mortality risk compared to those in the lowest quartile (HR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.02-2.88, p = 0.043). HDF lowered CTGF with 4.8% between baseline and six months, whereas during HD, CTGF increased with 4.9% (p < 0.001). In conclusion, in HD patients, CTGF is related to GFR, CVD and underlying renal disease and increased the risk of all-cause mortality. HDF reduces CTGF.
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35
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Warbrick I, Rabkin SW. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) as a factor mediating the relationship between obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Obes Rev 2019; 20:701-712. [PMID: 30828970 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a common condition with an increased mortality, is strongly associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The latter two conditions are associated with increased epicardial fat that can extend into the heart. This review advances the proposition that hypoxia-inhibitory factor-1α (HIF-1α) maybe a key factor producing HFpEF. HIF-1α, a highly conserved transcription factor that plays a key role in tissue response to hypoxia, is increased in adipose tissue in obesity. Increased HIF-1α expression leads to expression of a potent profibrotic transcriptional programme involving collagen I, III, IV, TIMP, and lysyl oxidase. The net effect is the formation of collagen fibres leading to fibrosis. HIF-1α is also responsible for recruiting M1 macrophages that mediate obesity-associated inflammation, releasing IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β with increased expression of thrombospondin, pro α2 (I) collagen, transforming growth factor β, NADPH oxidase, and connective tissue growth factor. These factors can accelerate cardiac fibrosis and impair cardiac diastolic function. Inhibition of HIF-1α expression in adipose tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet suppressed fibrosis and reduces inflammation in adipose tissue. Delineation of the role played by HIF-1α in obesity-associated HFpEF may lead to new potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Warbrick
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Simon W Rabkin
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Vainio LE, Szabó Z, Lin R, Ulvila J, Yrjölä R, Alakoski T, Piuhola J, Koch WJ, Ruskoaho H, Fouse SD, Seeley TW, Gao E, Signore P, Lipson KE, Magga J, Kerkelä R. Connective Tissue Growth Factor Inhibition Enhances Cardiac Repair and Limits Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:83-94. [PMID: 30847422 PMCID: PMC6390503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac fibrosis attenuates cardiac contractile function, and predisposes to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is elevated in affected organs in virtually every fibrotic disorder and in the diseased human myocardium. Mice were subjected to treatment with a CTGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) during infarct repair, post-MI left ventricular (LV) remodeling, or acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. CTGF mAb therapy during infarct repair improved survival and reduced LV dysfunction, and reduced post-MI LV hypertrophy and fibrosis. Mechanistically, CTGF mAb therapy induced expression of cardiac developmental and/or repair genes and attenuated expression of inflammatory and/or fibrotic genes.
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Key Words
- CTGF, connective tissue growth factor
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- FB, fibroblast
- HF, heart failure
- I/R, ischemia−reperfusion
- Ig, immunoglobulin
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- LV, left ventricular
- MI, myocardial infarction
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- connective tissue growth factor monoclonal antibody
- fibrosis
- heart failure
- ischemia−reperfusion injury
- left ventricle
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- myocardial infarction
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Vainio
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Yrjölä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarkko Piuhola
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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James G, Klyne DM, Millecamps M, Stone LS, Hodges PW. ISSLS Prize in Basic science 2019: Physical activity attenuates fibrotic alterations to the multifidus muscle associated with intervertebral disc degeneration. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2019; 28:893-904. [PMID: 30737621 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-05902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic low back pain causes structural remodelling and inflammation in the multifidus muscle. Collagen expression is increased in the multifidus of humans with lumbar disc degeneration. However, the extent and mechanisms underlying the increased fibrotic activity in the multifidus are unknown. Physical activity reduces local inflammation that precedes multifidus fibrosis during intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but its effect on amelioration of fibrosis is unknown. This study aimed to assess the development of fibrosis and its underlying genetic network during IDD and the impact of physical activity. METHODS Wild-type and SPARC-null mice were either sedentary or housed with a running wheel, to allow voluntary physical activity. At 12 months of age, IDD was assessed with MRI, and multifidus muscle samples were harvested from L2 to L6. In SPARC-null mice, the L1/2 and L3/4 discs had low and high levels of IDD, respectively. Thus, multifidus samples from L2 and L4 were allocated to low- and high-IDD groups compared to assess the effects of IDD and physical activity on connective tissue and fibrotic genes. RESULTS High IDD was associated with greater connective tissue thickness and dysregulation of collagen-III, fibronectin, CTGF, substance P, TIMP1 and TIMP2 in the multifidus muscle. Physical activity attenuated the IDD-dependent increased connective tissue thickness and reduced the expression of collagen-I, fibronectin, CTGF, substance P, MMP2 and TIMP2 in SPARC-null animals and wild-type mice. Collagen-III and TIMP1 were only reduced in wild-type animals. CONCLUSIONS These data reveal the fibrotic networks that promote fibrosis in the multifidus muscle during chronic IDD. Furthermore, physical activity is shown to reduce fibrosis and regulate the fibrotic gene network. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- G James
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - D M Klyne
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - M Millecamps
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - L S Stone
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - P W Hodges
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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38
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Muñoz Alférez MJ, Muñoz-García A, Moreno-Fernández J, López-Aliaga I, Díaz-Castro J. Fermented goat milk consumption improves cardiovascular health during anemia recovery. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:473-481. [PMID: 30014470 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role in several fundamental processes, including erythropoiesis, cellular metabolism, and in cardiovascular disease. The aim of this work was to contribute to a better understanding of the physiology of and recovery from Fe deficiency by studying how fermented milk consumption affects vascular biomarkers during Fe repletion. RESULTS The deleterious cardiovascular biomarkers cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), interleukin-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator 1 total, metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), sE-selectin, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) decreased after fermented goat milk consumption in groups of fed animals either with normal Fe or Fe overload with respect to rats fed with fermented cow milk. The beneficial cardiovascular biomarkers caveolin-1 and adiponectin were higher in both control and anemic rats fed fermented goat milk either with normal Fe or Fe overload with respect to fermented cow milk. Anemia decreased TIMP-1 in rats fed fermented goat milk with Fe overload, whereas there was increased CTGF and MCP-1 in animals fed fermented cow milk with either normal or Fe overload. In addition, Fe overload increased VEGF. CONCLUSION Fermented goat milk consumption improves hematological status and promotes beneficial metabolic responses, which may attenuate cardiovascular risk factors during anemia recovery and iron overload to lessen the inflammatory response, macrophages activation and atherosclerosis development. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª José Muñoz Alférez
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz-García
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernández
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada López-Aliaga
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Díaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Sun J, Wugeti N, Mahemuti A. Reversal effect of Zhigancao decoction on myocardial fibrosis in a rapid pacing-induced atrial fibrillation model in New Zealand rabbits. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:884-892. [PMID: 30632430 PMCID: PMC6381473 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518799819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of Zhigancao decoction on reversal of right atrial myocardial fibrosis after rapid atrial pacing (RAP)-induced atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (Group A: implanted electrodes, no RAP), pacing group (Group B: RAP-induced AF), Zhigancao soup water decoction Yin group (Group C: RAP-induced AF followed by Zhigancao soup Yin prescription twice a day for 30 days), and Zhigancao soup group (Group D: RAP-induced AF followed by Zhigancao water decoction twice a day for 30 days). The atrial myocardium was then examined for myocardial fibrosis by Masson staining, and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was immunohistochemically assessed. The right atrial appendage tissue field action potential duration (fAPD) was measured by microelectrode arrays. Results RAP successfully induced AF. Myocardial fibrosis was more severe in Groups B and C and less severe in Group D. Protein expression of MMP-9 was strongly positive in Groups B and C and weakly positive in Group D. The fAPD was significantly decreased in Groups B and C, but the decrease in Group D was not significant. Conclusion Zhigancao decoction can reverse AF-induced myocardial fibrosis in rabbits and shorten the fAPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- Department of Heart Failure, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Najina Wugeti
- Department of Heart Failure, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Aliman Mahemuti
- Department of Heart Failure, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
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40
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Musikant D, Sato H, Capobianco E, White V, Jawerbaum A, Higa R. Altered FOXO1 activation in the programming of cardiovascular alterations by maternal diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 479:78-86. [PMID: 30217602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes programs cardiovascular alterations in the adult offspring but the mechanisms involved remain unclarified. Here, we addresed whether maternal diabetes programs cardiac alterations related to extracellular matrix remodeling in the adult offspring, as well as the role of forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXO1) in the induction of these alterations. The heart from adult offspring from control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was evaluated. Increased glycemia, triglyceridemia and insulinemia and markers of cardiomyopathy were found in the offspring from diabetic rats. In the heart, an increase in active FOXO1 and mRNA levels of its target genes, Mmp-2 and Ctgf, genes related to an altered extracellular matrix remodeling, together with an increase in collagen deposition and a decrease in the connexin43 levels, were found in the offspring from diabetic rats. Altogether, these results suggest an important role of FOXO1 activation in the cardiac alterations induced by intrauterine programming in maternal diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Musikant
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hugo Sato
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Capobianco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica White
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Higa
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Li AY, Wang JJ, Yang SC, Zhao YS, Li JR, Liu Y, Sun JH, An LP, Guan P, Ji ES. Protective role of Gentianella acuta on isoprenaline induced myocardial fibrosis in rats via inhibition of NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:733-741. [PMID: 30554111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten (G. acuta) has been widely used in Mongolian medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Ewenki and Oroqen, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and related mechanism of G. acuta on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced oxidative stress, fibrosis, and myocardial damage in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, ISO induced group and ISO+G. acuta treatment group. Rats were administered with ISO subcutaneously (5 mg/kg/day) for 7 days, and were orally administered simultaneously with aqueous extracts of G. acuta for 21 days. This investigation showed G. acuta treatment ameliorated cardiac structural disorder, excessive collagenous fiber accumulation and cardiac malfunction. Compared with the ISO induced model group, G. acuta treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione (GSH) level, prevented the rise of malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased hydroxyproline contents in the heart tissues. Moreover, G. acuta reduced the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and inhibited the expression and activation of NF-κB-P65 in myocardial tissues. These results suggested that G. acuta protects against ISO-induced cardiac malfunction probably by preventing oxidative stress, and fibrosis, and the mechanism might be through inhibiting NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ying Li
- Hebei key laboratory of Chinese medicine research on cardio-cerebrovascular disease and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Sheng-Chang Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Ya-Shuo Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jie-Ru Li
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Hebei key laboratory of Chinese medicine research on cardio-cerebrovascular disease and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jia-Huan Sun
- Hebei key laboratory of Chinese medicine research on cardio-cerebrovascular disease and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Li-Ping An
- Hebei key laboratory of Chinese medicine research on cardio-cerebrovascular disease and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
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Fan L, Xiao Q, Zhang L, Wang X, Huang Q, Li S, Zhao X, Li Z. CAPE-pNO2 attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy through the NOX4/NF-κB pathway in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1640-1650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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43
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Zhang H, Tao M, Kang P, Guo J, Xuan L, Tang B, Gao Q, Wang H. [Changes of two-pore K+ channel TASK-1 in diabetic myocardial injury in rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:1228-1233. [PMID: 30377119 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.10.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of the two- pore K+ channel TASK-1 in diabetic rats with myocardial injury. METHODS Thirty-six SD rats were divided into normal group (N), diabetes at 4 weeks (DM 4W) group, and diabetes at 8 weeks (DM 8W) group. The cardiac functions of the rats were determined using cardiac ultrasonography, and the body weight and heart weight of the rats at different time points were measured to calculate the heart/body weight ratio (HW/BW). Myocardial fibrosis in the rats was assessed using Masson's staining. The protein expression of TASK-1 in the myocardium was detected using Western blotting. Whole- cell patch clamp technique was used to record the action potential duration (APD) and twopore domain potassium channel TASK- 1 current in acutely isolated rat ventricular myocytes. meanwhile, The inhibition of TASK-1 current was observed by the TASK-1 specific inhibitor ML-365. RESULTS Compared with the normal group, the diabetic rats showed significantly increased HW/BW (P < 0.05), end- diastole left ventricular diameter (LVIDd), end- systolic left ventricular diameter (LVIDs), and TASK-1 protein expression, with obviously decreased left ventricular diameter shortening rate (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) (P < 0.01). Masson staining showed that in diabetic rats, the collagen fibers were thickened, interwoven into a network with uneven arrangement and increased deposition. Compared with DM 4W group, the rats in DM 8W group exhibited progressive increases in LVIDd, LVIDs, HW/BW, and TASK-1 expression (P < 0.01 or 0.05); FS and EF were further decreased (P < 0.01). Masson staining showed worsened morphological changes of the myocardium with increased deposition. Compared with that in the normal group, the current of TASK- 1 in diabetic rats at 8 weeks was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) and the duration of action potential was extended (P < 0.05). The TASK-1 current was successfully inhibited by ML-365. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes can induce myocardial fibrosis and aggravate myocardial injury possibly in relation to changes in the protein expression and current of the two-port potassium channel TASK-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Pinfang Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Jianlu Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Ling Xuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Bi Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hongju Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
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Diao J, Wei J, Yan R, Fan G, Lin L, Chen M. Effects of resveratrol on regulation on UCP2 and cardiac function in diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 75:39-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang Y, Wu X. SMOC1 silencing suppresses the angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis of mouse myocardial fibroblasts via affecting the BMP2/Smad pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2903-2910. [PMID: 30127878 PMCID: PMC6096163 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SPARC-related modular calcium binding 1 (SMOC1) represents a vital member of the SPARC matricellular protein family that regulates cell matrix interaction through binding to cell-surface receptors. The present study aimed to investigate the roles and molecular mechanisms of SMOC1 silencing on the fibrosis of myocardial fibroblasts (MFBs). Cell Counting kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were performed to determine cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, respectively. ELISA was performed to detect the expression of associated cytokines and matrix proteins. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to evaluate the expression of associated proteins and mRNAs, respectively. The results revealed that SMOC1 silencing suppressed the cell viability of angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated MFBs. SMOC1 silencing reduced the ROS content and oxidative stress in MFBs in response to Ang II. Furthermore, SMOC1 silencing downregulated the expression levels of fibrosis-associated proteins in Ang II-treated MFBs. SMOC1 silencing affected the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)/Smad signaling pathway in Ang II-treated MFBs. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that SMOC1 silencing suppressed the Ang II-induced myocardial fibrosis of mouse MFBs through affecting the BMP2/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, P.R. China
| | - Xianming Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, P.R. China
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Zhao Q, Jia TZ, Cao QC, Tian F, Ying WT. A Crude 1-DNJ Extract from Home Made Bombyx Batryticatus Inhibits Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-Associated Fibrosis in db/db Mice and Reduces Protein N-Glycosylation Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061699. [PMID: 29880742 PMCID: PMC6032278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional Chinese drug Bombyx Batryticatus (BB), which is also named the white stiff silkworm, has been widely used in Chinese clinics for thousands of years. It is famous for its antispasmodic and blood circulation-promoting effects. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial cell hyperplasia, and myocardial fibrosis are closely related to the N-glycosylation of key proteins. To examine the alterations of N-glycosylation that occur in diabetic myocardium during the early stage of the disease, and to clarify the therapeutic effect of 1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) extracted from BB, we used the db/db (diabetic) mouse model and an approach based on hydrophilic chromatography solid-phase extraction integrated with an liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS) identification strategy to perform a site-specific N-glycosylation analysis of left ventricular cardiomyocyte proteins. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), hydroxyproline, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and other serum biochemical indicators were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In addition, the α-1,6-fucosylation of N-glycans was profiled with lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) lectin blots and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled lectin affinity histochemistry. The results indicated that 1-DNJ administration obviously downregulated myocardium protein N-glycosylation in db/db mice. The expression levels of serum indicators and fibrosis-related cytokines were reduced significantly by 1-DNJ in a dose-dependent manner. The glycan α-1,6-fucosylation level of the db/db mouse myocardium was elevated, and the intervention effect of 1-DNJ administration on N-glycan α-1,6-fucosylation was significant. To verify this result, the well-known transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad2/3 pathway was selected, and core α-1,6-fucosylated TGF-β receptor II (TGFR-βII) was analysed semi-quantitatively with western blotting. The result supported the conclusions obtained from LCA lectin affinity histochemistry and lectin blot analysis. The expression level of α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) mRNA was also detected, and the results showed that 1-DNJ administration did not cause obvious inhibitory effects on FUT8 expression. Therefore, the mechanism of 1-DNJ for relieving diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM)-associated fibrosis can be concluded as the inhibition of N-acetylglucosamine (N-GlcNAc) formation and the reduction of substrate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Processing Principle Analysis of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmaceutical College of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Chinese Materia Medica Processing Engineering Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian 110060, China.
- Chinese Materia Medica Department, Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China.
- Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Tian Zhu Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Processing Principle Analysis of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmaceutical College of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Chinese Materia Medica Processing Engineering Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian 110060, China.
| | - Qi Chen Cao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Fang Tian
- Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Wan Tao Ying
- Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China.
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An Intervention Target for Myocardial Fibrosis: Autophagy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6215916. [PMID: 29850542 PMCID: PMC5911341 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6215916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is the result of metabolic imbalance of collagen synthesis and metabolism, which is widespread in various cardiovascular diseases. Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway which is highly conserved. In recent years, research on autophagy has been increasing and the researchers have also become cumulatively aware of the specified association between autophagy and MF. This review highlights the role of autophagy in MF and the potential effects through the administration of medicine.
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Hunt KJ, Jaffa MA, Garrett SM, Luttrell DK, Lipson KE, Lopes-Virella MF, Luttrell LM, Jaffa AA, Lopes-Virella MF, Hunt KJ, Baker NL, Virella G, Moritz T. Plasma Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF/CCN2) Levels Predict Myocardial Infarction in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) Cohort. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:840-846. [PMID: 29382658 PMCID: PMC5860844 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), also known as CCN2, is a potent chemotactic and extracellular matrix-inducing matricellular protein that has been implicated in progression of inflammatory and fibroproliferative disorders. An emerging role of CTGF/CCN2 is that of a prosclerotic factor implicated in the development of cardiac disease. Our objective was to determine the role of CTGF/CCN2 as a predictor of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Levels of CTGF/CCN2 were measured in 952 VADT patients a median of 1.9 years after entry into the study. Participants were followed for an average of 3.3 years for vascular outcomes. CTGF/CCN2 categories were defined as below the detectable limit (referent, 54.5%), lower half of detectable values (22.8%), and upper half of detectable values (22.7%). Hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular end points in relation to CTGF/CCN2 categories were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During follow-up, 4.8% had a myocardial infarction (MI), 6.9% had an MI or cardiovascular death, and 6.9% died. After adjustments by conventional risk factors, individuals in the highest category of CTGF/CCN2 were at higher risk of MI (HR 2.43 [95% CI 1.15, 5.14]), MI or cardiovascular death (HR 2.71 [95% CI 1.44, 5.08]), and all-cause mortality (HR 2.70 [95% CI 1.43, 5.08]) relative to individuals with CTGF below the detectable limit. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that high levels of CTGF/CCN2 predict future MI and cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J. Hunt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Miran A. Jaffa
- Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara M. Garrett
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Deirdre K. Luttrell
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Maria F. Lopes-Virella
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Louis M. Luttrell
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Ayad A. Jaffa
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Wang Q, Xi W, Yin L, Wang J, Shen H, Gao Y, Min J, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue cTGF Expression is an Independent Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation and Highly Associated with Atrial Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3585. [PMID: 29483593 PMCID: PMC5827202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21911-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with the incidence, perpetuation, and recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), with elusive underlying mechanisms. We analyzed adipokine expression in samples from 20 patients with sinus rhythm (SR) and 16 with AF. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that connective tissue growth factor (cTGF) expression was significantly higher in EAT than in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) or paracardial adipose tissue (PAT) from patients with AF, and in EAT from patients with SR (P < 0.001). Galectin-3 expression was significantly higher in EAT than in SAT or PAT (P < 0.001), with no significant differences between patients with AF and SR (P > 0.05). Leptin and vaspin expression were lower in EAT than in PAT (P < 0.001). Trichrome staining showed that the fibrosis was much more severe in patients with AF than SR (P < 0.001). We found a linear relationship between cTGF mRNA expression level and collagen volume fraction (y = 1.471x + 27.330, P < 0.001), and logistic regression showed that cTGF level was an independent risk factor for AF (OR 2.369, P = 0.027). In conclusion, highly expressed in EAT, cTGF is associated with atrial fibrosis, and can be an important risk factor for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Xi
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Shen
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Min
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhinong Wang
- Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang X, Li D, Fan L, Xiao Q, Zuo H, Li Z. CAPE- pNO 2 ameliorated diabetic nephropathy through regulating the Akt/NF-κB/ iNOS pathway in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114506-114525. [PMID: 29383098 PMCID: PMC5777710 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the effects and potential mechanism of caffeic acid para-nitro phenethyl ester (CAPE-pNO2), a derivative of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), on DN; In vivo, intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ) were used to induce diabetes in mice; then, the mice were intraperitoneally injected daily with CAPE or CAPE-pNO2 for 8 weeks. The mice were sacrificed, and blood samples and kidney tissues were collected to measure biological indexes. The results showed that CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 could lower serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24-h albumin excretion, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels and increase superoxide dismutase activity in diabetic mice. According to HE, PAS and Masson staining, these two compounds ameliorated structural changes and fibrosis in the kidneys. In addition, the immunohistochemical and western blot results showed that CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 inhibited inflammation through the Akt/NF-κB pathway and prevented renal fibrosis through the TGF-β/Smad pathway. In vitro, CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 inhibited glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) proliferation, arrested cell cycle progression and suppressed ROS generation. These compounds also inhibited ECM accumulation via regulating the TGF-β1, which was a similar effect to that of the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC. More importantly, CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 could up-regulate nitric oxide synthase expression in STZ-induced diabetic mice and HG-induced GMCs. CAPE-pNO2 had stronger effects than CAPE both in vivo and in vitro. These data suggest that CAPE-pNO2 ameliorated DN by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis via the Akt/NF-κB/ iNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dejuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lu Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qianhan Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hua Zuo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhubo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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