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Te Velde K, Mairo A, Peeters ET, Winter HV, Tudorache C, Slabbekoorn H. Natural soundscapes of lowland river habitats and the potential threat of urban noise pollution to migratory fish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124517. [PMID: 39002749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Migratory fish populations have experienced great declines, and considerable effort have been put into reducing stressors, such as chemical pollution and physical barriers. However, the importance of natural sounds as an information source and potential problems caused by noise pollution remain largely unexplored. The spatial distribution of sound sources and variation in propagation characteristics could provide migratory fish with acoustic cues about habitat suitability, predator presence, food availability and conspecific presence. We here investigated the relationship between natural soundscapes and local river conditions and we explored the presence of human-related sounds in these natural soundscapes. We found that 1a) natural river sound profiles vary with river scale and cross-sectional position, and that 1b) depth, width, water velocity, and distance from shore were all significant factors in explaining local soundscape variation. We also found 2a) audible human activities in almost all our underwater recordings and urban and suburban river parts had elevated sound levels relative to rural river parts. Furthermore, 2b) daytime levels were louder than night time sound levels, and bridges and nearby road traffic were much more prominent with diurnal and weekly patterns of anthropogenic noise in the river systems. We believe our data show high potential for natural soundscapes of low-land river habitat to serve as important environmental cues to migratory fish. However, anthropogenic noise may be particularly problematic due to the omnipresence, and relatively loud levels relative to the modest dynamic range of the natural sound sources, in these slow-flowing freshwater systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kees Te Velde
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Amy Mairo
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Thm Peeters
- Aquatic ecology and water quality management group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik V Winter
- Wageningen Marine Research, PO Box 68 1970AB, IJmuiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Tudorache
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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2
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Veith J, Chaigne T, Svanidze A, Dressler LE, Hoffmann M, Gerhardt B, Judkewitz B. The mechanism for directional hearing in fish. Nature 2024; 631:118-124. [PMID: 38898274 PMCID: PMC11222163 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Locating sound sources such as prey or predators is critical for survival in many vertebrates. Terrestrial vertebrates locate sources by measuring the time delay and intensity difference of sound pressure at each ear1-5. Underwater, however, the physics of sound makes interaural cues very small, suggesting that directional hearing in fish should be nearly impossible6. Yet, directional hearing has been confirmed behaviourally, although the mechanisms have remained unknown for decades. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this remarkable ability, including the possibility that fish evolved an extreme sensitivity to minute interaural differences or that fish might compare sound pressure with particle motion signals7,8. However, experimental challenges have long hindered a definitive explanation. Here we empirically test these models in the transparent teleost Danionella cerebrum, one of the smallest vertebrates9,10. By selectively controlling pressure and particle motion, we dissect the sensory algorithm underlying directional acoustic startles. We find that both cues are indispensable for this behaviour and that their relative phase controls its direction. Using micro-computed tomography and optical vibrometry, we further show that D. cerebrum has the sensory structures to implement this mechanism. D. cerebrum shares these structures with more than 15% of living vertebrate species, suggesting a widespread mechanism for inferring sound direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Veith
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Chaigne
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Ana Svanidze
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Elisa Dressler
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ben Gerhardt
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Judkewitz
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Kasihmuddin SM, Cob ZC, Noor NM, Das SK. Effect of different temperature variations on the physiological state of catfish species: a systematic review. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:413-434. [PMID: 38367084 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Catfish are a highly diverse group of fish that are found in various regions across the globe. The significance of catfish culture extends to various aspects, including food security, economic advancement, preservation of cultural legacy, and ecological stewardship. The catfish industry is presently encountering unprecedented challenges as a consequence of the variability in water temperature caused by climate change. Temperature is a significant abiotic component that regulates and restricts fish physiology throughout their life cycle. The impact of severe temperatures on various species of catfish is dependent upon the magnitude of the stressor and additional influencing factors. This paper presents an analysis of the effects of temperature fluctuations on various aspects of catfish species, including growth and survival, blood parameters, enzymatic and hormone response, oxygen consumption rates, sound generation and hearing skills, nutritional requirements, and other phenotypic attributes. While this review is certainly not exhaustive, it offers a broad synopsis of the ideal temperature ranges that are most favorable for several catfish species. In-depth research to investigate the interacting impacts of severe temperature occurrences in conjunction with other associated environmental stresses on a wider variety of catfish species is crucial in order to further our understanding of how catfish species will respond to the anticipated climate change in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mohd Kasihmuddin
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Zaidi Che Cob
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Marine Ecosystem Research Centre (EKOMAR), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Noorashikin Md Noor
- Earth Observation Centre, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Simon Kumar Das
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Marine Ecosystem Research Centre (EKOMAR), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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4
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Aoki N, Weiss B, Jézéquel Y, Zhang WG, Apprill A, Mooney TA. Soundscape enrichment increases larval settlement rates for the brooding coral Porites astreoides. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231514. [PMID: 38481984 PMCID: PMC10933538 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Coral reefs, hubs of global biodiversity, are among the world's most imperilled habitats. Healthy coral reefs are characterized by distinctive soundscapes; these environments are rich with sounds produced by fishes and marine invertebrates. Emerging evidence suggests these sounds can be used as orientation and settlement cues for larvae of reef animals. On degraded reefs, these cues may be reduced or absent, impeding the success of larval settlement, which is an essential process for the maintenance and replenishment of reef populations. Here, in a field-based study, we evaluated the effects of enriching the soundscape of a degraded coral reef to increase coral settlement rates. Porites astreoides larvae were exposed to reef sounds using a custom solar-powered acoustic playback system. Porites astreoides settled at significantly higher rates at the acoustically enriched sites, averaging 1.7 times (up to maximum of seven times) more settlement compared with control reef sites without acoustic enrichment. Settlement rates decreased with distance from the speaker but remained higher than control levels at least 30 m from the sound source. These results reveal that acoustic enrichment can facilitate coral larval settlement at reasonable distances, offering a promising new method for scientists, managers and restoration practitioners to rebuild coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Aoki
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Benjamin Weiss
- Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
| | - Youenn Jézéquel
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
| | - Weifeng Gordon Zhang
- Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
| | - Amy Apprill
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
| | - T. Aran Mooney
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
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Hang S, Zhu X, Ni W, Wen Y, Cai W, Zhu S, Ye Z, Zhao J. Low-frequency band noise generated by industrial recirculating aquaculture systems exhibits a greater impact on Micropterus salmoidess. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116074. [PMID: 38350214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The effect of underwater noise environment generated by equipment in industrial recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) on fish is evident. However, different equipment generate noise in various frequency ranges. Understanding the effects of different frequency ranges noise on cultured species is important for optimizing the underwater acoustic environment in RAS. Given this, the effects of underwater noise across various frequency bands in RAS on the growth, physiology, and collective behavior of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were comprehensively evaluated here. In this study, three control groups were established: low-frequency noise group (80-1000 Hz, 117 dB re 1μPa RMS), high-frequency noise group (1-19 kHz, 117 dB re 1μPa RMS), and ambient group. During a 30-day experiment, it was found that: 1) industrial RAS noise with different frequency bands all had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of fish, which the weight gain rate and product of length and depth of caudal peduncle in the ambient group were significantly higher than those of the two noise groups, with the low-frequency noise group showing significantly lower values than the high-frequency noise group; 2) industrial RAS noise had a certain degree of adverse effect on the digestive ability of fish, with the low-frequency noise group being more affected; 3) industrial RAS noise affected the collective feeding behavior of fish, with the collective feeding signal propagation efficiency and feeding intensity of the noise groups being significantly lower than those of the ambient group, and the high-frequency noise group performing better than the low-frequency noise group as a whole therein. From the above, the underwater noise across different frequency bands generated by equipment operation in industrial RAS both had an impact on juvenile largemouth bass, with the low-frequency noise group being more severely affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Hang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Weiqiang Ni
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yanci Wen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Weiming Cai
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Songming Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China; Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China; Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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6
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Miller-Viacava N, Lazard D, Delmas T, Krause B, Apoux F, Lorenzi C. Sensorineural hearing loss alters auditory discrimination of natural soundscapes. Int J Audiol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37909429 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2023.2272559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability to discriminate natural soundscapes recorded in a temperate terrestrial biome was measured in 15 hearing-impaired (HI) listeners with bilateral, mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss and 15 normal-hearing (NH) controls. DESIGN Soundscape discrimination was measured using a three-interval oddity paradigm and the method of constant stimuli. On each trial, sequences of 2-second recordings varying the habitat, season and period of the day were presented diotically at a nominal SPL of 60 or 80 dB. RESULTS Discrimination scores were above chance level for both groups, but they were poorer for HI than NH listeners. On average, the scores of HI listeners were relatively well accounted for by those of NH listeners tested with stimuli spectrally-shaped to match the frequency-dependent reduction in audibility of individual HI listeners. However, the scores of HI listeners were not significantly correlated with pure-tone audiometric thresholds and age. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the ability to discriminate natural soundscapes associated with changes in habitat, season and period of the day is disrupted but it is not abolished. The deficits of the HI listeners are partly accounted for by reduced audibility. Supra-threshold auditory deficits and individual listening strategies may also explain differences between NH and HI listeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Miller-Viacava
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL University), Paris, France
| | - Diane Lazard
- Institut de l'Audition, INSERM Unit, Paris, France
- Institut Arthur Vernes, ENT Department, Paris, France
| | - Tanguy Delmas
- Institut de l'Audition, INSERM Unit, Paris, France
- Audition Lefeuvre, ECLEAR, Athis-Mons, France
| | - Bernie Krause
- Wild Sanctuary, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California, USA
| | - Frédéric Apoux
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL University), Paris, France
| | - Christian Lorenzi
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL University), Paris, France
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7
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Roberts L, Rice AN. Vibrational and acoustic communication in fishes: The overlooked overlap between the underwater vibroscape and soundscape. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:2708-2720. [PMID: 37888943 DOI: 10.1121/10.0021878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Substrate-borne communication via mechanical waves is widespread throughout the animal kingdom but has not been intensively studied in fishes. Families such as the salmonids and sculpins have been documented to produce vibratory signals. However, it is likely that fish taxa on or close to the substrate that produce acoustic signals will also have a vibratory component to their signal due to their proximity to substrates and energy transfer between media. Fishes present an intriguing opportunity to study vibrational communication, particularly in the context of signal production and detection, detection range, and how vibratory signals may complement or replace acoustic signals. It is highly likely that the vibrational landscape, the vibroscape, is an important component of their sensory world, which certainly includes and overlaps with the soundscape. With the wide range of anthropogenic activities modifying underwater substrates, vibrational noise presents similar risks as acoustic noise pollution for fishes that depend on vibrational communication. However, in order to understand vibrational noise, more empirical studies are required to investigate the role of vibrations in the fish environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Roberts
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GP, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron N Rice
- K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
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8
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Lugli M. Toward a general model for the evolution of the auditory sensitivity under variable ambient noise conditionsa). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:2236-2255. [PMID: 37819375 DOI: 10.1121/10.0021306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Ambient noise constrains the evolution of acoustic signals and hearing. An earlier fitness model showed that the trade-off between sound detection and recognition helps predict the best level of auditory sensitivity for acoustic communication in noise. Here, the early model is improved to investigate the effects of different noise masking conditions and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). It is revealed that low sensitivity is expected for acoustic communication over short distances in complex noisy environments provided missed sound recognition is costly. By contrast, high sensitivity is expected for acoustic communication over long distances in quieter habitats or when sounds are received with good SNRs under unfavorable noise conditions. High sensitivity is also expected in noisy environments characterized by one dominant source of noise with a fairly constant spectrum (running-water noise) or when sounds are processed using anti-masking strategies favoring the detection and recognition of sound embedded in noise. These predictions help explain unexpected findings that do not fit with the current view on the effects of environmental selection on signal and sensitivity. Model predictions are compared with those of models of signal detection in noisy conditions and results of empirical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lugli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability-Unit of Behavioral Biology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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9
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Chapuis L, Yopak KE, Radford CA. From the morphospace to the soundscape: Exploring the diversity and functional morphology of the fish inner ear, with a focus on elasmobranchsa). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:1526-1538. [PMID: 37695297 DOI: 10.1121/10.0020850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Fishes, including elasmobranchs (sharks, rays, and skates), present an astonishing diversity in inner ear morphologies; however, the functional significance of these variations and how they confer auditory capacity is yet to be resolved. The relationship between inner ear structure and hearing performance is unclear, partly because most of the morphological and biomechanical mechanisms that underlie the hearing functions are complex and poorly known. Here, we present advanced opportunities to document discontinuities in the macroevolutionary trends of a complex biological form, like the inner ear, and test hypotheses regarding what factors may be driving morphological diversity. Three-dimensional (3D) bioimaging, geometric morphometrics, and finite element analysis are methods that can be combined to interrogate the structure-to-function links in elasmobranch fish inner ears. In addition, open-source 3D morphology datasets, advances in phylogenetic comparative methods, and methods for the analysis of highly multidimensional shape data have leveraged these opportunities. Questions that can be explored with this toolkit are identified, the different methods are justified, and remaining challenges are highlighted as avenues for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chapuis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - K E Yopak
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Centre for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, USA
| | - C A Radford
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Leigh 0985, New Zealand
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10
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Sauer DJ, Radford CA, Mull CG, Yopak KE. Quantitative assessment of inner ear variation in elasmobranchs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11939. [PMID: 37488259 PMCID: PMC10366120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable diversity has been documented in most sensory systems of elasmobranchs (sharks, rays, and skates); however, relatively little is known about morphological variation in the auditory system of these fishes. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the inner ear structures of 26 elasmobranchs were assessed in situ. The inner ear end organs (saccule, lagena, utricle, and macula neglecta), semi-circular canals (horizontal, anterior, and posterior), and endolymphatic duct were compared using phylogenetically-informed, multivariate analyses. Inner ear variation can be characterised by three primary axes that are influenced by diet and habitat, where piscivorous elasmobranchs have larger inner ears compared to non-piscivorous species, and reef-associated species have larger inner ears than oceanic species. Importantly, this variation may reflect differences in auditory specialisation that could be tied to the functional requirements and environmental soundscapes of different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Sauer
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Leigh, New Zealand.
| | - Craig A Radford
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Leigh, New Zealand
| | - Christopher G Mull
- Integrated Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kara E Yopak
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology and the Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
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Apoux F, Miller-Viacava N, Ferrière R, Dai H, Krause B, Sueur J, Lorenzi C. Auditory discrimination of natural soundscapes. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 153:2706. [PMID: 37133815 DOI: 10.1121/10.0017972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A previous modelling study reported that spectro-temporal cues perceptually relevant to humans provide enough information to accurately classify "natural soundscapes" recorded in four distinct temperate habitats of a biosphere reserve [Thoret, Varnet, Boubenec, Ferriere, Le Tourneau, Krause, and Lorenzi (2020). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 147, 3260]. The goal of the present study was to assess this prediction for humans using 2 s samples taken from the same soundscape recordings. Thirty-one listeners were asked to discriminate these recordings based on differences in habitat, season, or period of the day using an oddity task. Listeners' performance was well above chance, demonstrating effective processing of these differences and suggesting a general high sensitivity for natural soundscape discrimination. This performance did not improve with training up to 10 h. Additional results obtained for habitat discrimination indicate that temporal cues play only a minor role; instead, listeners appear to base their decisions primarily on gross spectral cues related to biological sound sources and habitat acoustics. Convolutional neural networks were trained to perform a similar task using spectro-temporal cues extracted by an auditory model as input. The results are consistent with the idea that humans exclude the available temporal information when discriminating short samples of habitats, implying a form of a sub-optimality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Apoux
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, 75005, France
| | - Nicole Miller-Viacava
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, 75005, France
| | - Régis Ferrière
- International Research Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Global Environmental Studies (iGLOBES), CNRS, ENS-PSL University, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Huanping Dai
- Speech Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0071, USA
| | - Bernie Krause
- Wild Sanctuary, 1102 Princeton Drive, Sonoma, California 95476, USA
| | - Jérôme Sueur
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christian Lorenzi
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, 75005, France
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12
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Hubert J, van der Burg AD, Witbaard R, Slabbekoorn H. Separate and combined effects of boat noise and a live crab predator on mussel valve gape behavior. Behav Ecol 2023; 34:495-505. [PMID: 37192919 PMCID: PMC10183211 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Noisy human activities at sea are changing the acoustic environment, which has been shown to affect marine mammals and fishes. Invertebrates, such as bivalves, have so far received limited attention despite their important role in the marine ecosystem. Several studies have examined the impact of sound on anti-predator behavior using simulated predators, but studies using live predators are scarce. In the current study, we examined the separate and combined effects of boat sound playback and predator cues of shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) on the behavior of mussels (Mytilus spp.). We examined the behavior of the mussels using a valve gape monitor and scored the behavior from the crabs in one of two types of predator test conditions from video footage to control for effects from potential, sound-induced variation in crab behavior. We found that mussels closed their valve gape during boat noise and with a crab in their tank, but also that the stimulus combination did not add up to an even smaller valve gape. The sound treatment did not affect the stimulus crabs, but the behavior of the crabs did affect the valve gape of the mussels. Future research is needed to examine whether these results stand in situ and whether valve closure due to sound has fitness consequences for mussels. The effects on the well-being of individual mussels from anthropogenic noise may be relevant for population dynamics in the context of pressure from other stressors, their role as an ecosystem engineer, and in the context of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rob Witbaard
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Dept. Estuarine and Delta Systems, Yerseke, The Netherlands
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Lorenzi C, Apoux F, Grinfeder E, Krause B, Miller-Viacava N, Sueur J. Human Auditory Ecology: Extending Hearing Research to the Perception of Natural Soundscapes by Humans in Rapidly Changing Environments. Trends Hear 2023; 27:23312165231212032. [PMID: 37981813 PMCID: PMC10658775 DOI: 10.1177/23312165231212032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in hearing sciences has provided extensive knowledge about how the human auditory system processes speech and assists communication. In contrast, little is known about how this system processes "natural soundscapes," that is the complex arrangements of biological and geophysical sounds shaped by sound propagation through non-anthropogenic habitats [Grinfeder et al. (2022). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 10: 894232]. This is surprising given that, for many species, the capacity to process natural soundscapes determines survival and reproduction through the ability to represent and monitor the immediate environment. Here we propose a framework to encourage research programmes in the field of "human auditory ecology," focusing on the study of human auditory perception of ecological processes at work in natural habitats. Based on large acoustic databases with high ecological validity, these programmes should investigate the extent to which this presumably ancestral monitoring function of the human auditory system is adapted to specific information conveyed by natural soundscapes, whether it operate throughout the life span or whether it emerges through individual learning or cultural transmission. Beyond fundamental knowledge of human hearing, these programmes should yield a better understanding of how normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners monitor rural and city green and blue spaces and benefit from them, and whether rehabilitation devices (hearing aids and cochlear implants) restore natural soundscape perception and emotional responses back to normal. Importantly, they should also reveal whether and how humans hear the rapid changes in the environment brought about by human activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lorenzi
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d’Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Apoux
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d’Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
| | - Elie Grinfeder
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d’Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicole Miller-Viacava
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d’Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Sueur
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
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14
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Jones IT, D Gray M, Mooney TA. Soundscapes as heard by invertebrates and fishes: Particle motion measurements on coral reefs. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 152:399. [PMID: 35931548 DOI: 10.1121/10.0012579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coral reef soundscapes are increasingly studied for their ecological uses by invertebrates and fishes, for monitoring habitat quality, and to investigate effects of anthropogenic noise pollution. Few examinations of aquatic soundscapes have reported particle motion levels and variability, despite their relevance to invertebrates and fishes. In this study, ambient particle acceleration was quantified from orthogonal hydrophone arrays over several months at four coral reef sites, which varied in benthic habitat and fish communities. Time-averaged particle acceleration magnitudes were similar across axes, within 3 dB. Temporal trends of particle acceleration corresponded with those of sound pressure, and the strength of diel trends in both metrics significantly correlated with percent coral cover. Higher magnitude particle accelerations diverged further from pressure values, potentially representing sounds recorded in the near field. Particle acceleration levels were also reported for boat and example fish sounds. Comparisons with particle acceleration derived audiograms suggest the greatest capacity of invertebrates and fishes to detect soundscape components below 100 Hz, and poorer detectability of soundscapes by invertebrates compared to fishes. Based on these results, research foci are discussed for which reporting of particle motion is essential, versus those for which sound pressure may suffice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian T Jones
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
| | - Michael D Gray
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - T Aran Mooney
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
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15
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Olroyd SL. Independent origins of a novel atympanic middle ear system within Chamaeleonidae. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 305:3371-3384. [PMID: 35112485 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of the vertebrate ear is a complicated story of convergence, co-option, loss of function, and occasional regaining of said function. An incredible variety of structures have been adopted as sound receptors, but only chameleons are known to have a bony airborne sound receiver. In some chameleons, the pterygoid bone captures sound vibrations and relays them to the inner ear via a connection to the extracolumella. The distribution of this unique hearing system has not been examined across Chamaeleonidae. Here, I report on dissections on 12 species across four genera and describe their middle ear anatomy for the first time. Half of these species were found to have a link between their extracolumella and pterygoid, and ancestral state reconstruction supports four independent acquisitions of this novel sound conduction pathway. Species with this pathway tend to have a gular pouch, which seems to produce biotremors and possibly airborne sound, suggesting that this hearing system plays some role in intraspecific communication. Three species were also μ-CT scanned using enhanced contrast to investigate differences in the musculature surrounding the middle ear cavity. In species with a middle ear connected to the pterygoid, the muscles directly lateral to the pterygoid insert farther anterior onto the mandible, which may serve to minimize dampening of vibrations on the pterygoid. Together, these data suggest that the ear plays a more significant role in the lives of some chameleons than has been recognized, and that parallelism is common in the evolution of the ear.
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16
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Hang S, Zhao J, Ji B, Li H, Zhang Y, Peng Z, Zhou F, Ding X, Ye Z. Impact of underwater noise on the growth, physiology and behavior of Micropterus salmoides in industrial recirculating aquaculture systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118152. [PMID: 34740287 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The operation of the equipment in industrial recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) affects the underwater soundscape of aquaculture tanks where fishes live. This study evaluated the influence of commercial industrial RAS noise on the growth, physiology, and behavior of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). In this study, two experimental groups, the RAS noise group (115 dB re 1 μPa RMS) and the ambient group (69 dB re 1 μPa RMS), were studied. The water quality and feeding regime for each group were kept the same during the 60-day experiment. Results showed that there was no significant difference in the average daily feed intake of the fish between the two treatments, while the rate of weight gain of the ambient group (755.27 ± 65.62%) was significantly higher than that of the noise group (337.66 ± 88.01%). In addition, the RAS environmental noise also had an adverse effect on the anti-oxidation and immune systems of the fish based on results of analysis of blood, liver, and intestinal samples. Moreover, environmental noise affected the swimming behavior of the fish school. The mean angle and distance between the focal fish and its nearest neighbor fish in RAS noise group were 33.3° and 92.1 mm, respectively, which were larger than those of the ambient group with 24.4° and 89.5 mm, respectively. From the above results, RAS noise did influence the welfare of largemouth bass, and the soundscape in RAS hence should be managed in real production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Hang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Baimin Ji
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Haijun Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zequn Peng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Xueyan Ding
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China; Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316000, China.
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17
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Song Z, Salas AK, Montie EW, Laferriere A, Zhang Y, Aran Mooney T. Sound pressure and particle motion components of the snaps produced by two snapping shrimp species (Alpheus heterochaelis and Alpheus angulosus). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 150:3288. [PMID: 34852610 DOI: 10.1121/10.0006973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Snapping shrimps are pervasive generators of underwater sound in temperate and tropical coastal seas across oceans of the world. Shrimp snaps can act as signals to conspecifics and provide acoustic information to other species and even to humans for habitat monitoring. Despite this, there are few controlled measurements of the acoustic parameters of these abundant acoustic stimuli. Here, the characteristics of snaps produced by 35 individuals of two species, Alpheus heterochaelis and Alpheus angulosus, are examined to evaluate the variability within and between the species. Animals were collected from the wild and the sound pressure and particle acceleration were measured at 0.2, 0.5, and 1 m from individual shrimp in controlled laboratory conditions to address the snap properties at communication-relevant distances. The source and sound exposure levels (at 1 m) were not significantly different between these two species. The frequency spectra were broadband with peak frequencies consistently below 10 kHz. The particle acceleration, the sound component likely detectable by shrimp, was measured across three axes. The directional amplitude variation suggests that the particle motion of snaps could act as a localization cue. The amplitudes of the snap pressure and acceleration decreased with distance, yet the levels remained sufficient for the predicted detection range by nearby conspecifics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchang Song
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
| | - Andria K Salas
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
| | - Eric W Montie
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of South Carolina Beaufort, Bluffton, South Carolina 29909, USA
| | | | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - T Aran Mooney
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
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18
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Rogers P, Debusschere E, Haan DD, Martin B, Slabbekoorn H. North Sea soundscapes from a fish perspective: Directional patterns in particle motion and masking potential from anthropogenic noise. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 150:2174. [PMID: 34598635 DOI: 10.1121/10.0006412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic world of animals is an acoustic world as sound is the most prominent sensory capacity to extract information about the environment for many aquatic species. Fish can hear particle motion, and a swim bladder potentially adds the additional capacity to sense sound pressure. Combining these capacities allows them to sense direction, distance, spectral content, and detailed temporal patterns. Both sound pressure and particle motion were recorded in a shallow part of the North Sea before and during exposure to a full-scale airgun array from an experimental seismic survey. Distinct amplitude fluctuations and directional patterns in the ambient noise were found to be fluctuating in phase with the tidal cycles and coming from distinct directions. It was speculated that the patterns may be determined by distant sources associated with large rivers and nearby beaches. Sounds of the experimental seismic survey were above the ambient conditions for particle acceleration up to 10 km from the source, at least as detectable for the measurement device, and up to 31 km for the sound pressure. These results and discussion provide a fresh perspective on the auditory world of fishes and a shift in the understanding about potential ranges over which they may have access to biologically relevant cues and be masked by anthropogenic noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rogers
- Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | - Dick de Haan
- Wageningen Marine Research, Haringkade 1, IJmuiden, 1976 CP, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce Martin
- JASCO Applied Sciences, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden, 2333BE, The Netherlands
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19
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Papale E, Prakash S, Singh S, Batibasaga A, Buscaino G, Piovano S. Soundscape of green turtle foraging habitats in Fiji, South Pacific. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236628. [PMID: 32756577 PMCID: PMC7406084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The soundscape features of the marine environment provide crucial information about ecosystem health for many species, and they are defined by the local biological, geophysical, and anthropogenic components. In this study, we investigated the soundscape at green turtle neritic foraging habitats in Fiji, South Pacific, with the aims of characterizing the contribution of each component and of comparing the levels of acoustic pressure among sites with different abundances of sea turtles. Four sites were selected at two islands, and one hydrophone was deployed at each site. Generalized additive models highlighted that sound pressure levels (SPLs) at low frequencies (125–250 Hz) were especially affected by wind conditions, while at higher frequencies (>250 Hz) SPLs were mostly influenced by fish and crustacean acoustic activity. Higher abundances of green turtles were found at sites with the highest levels of SPLs and the highest number of acoustic emissions by fishes and crustaceans but were not related to maximum seagrass and macroalgae coverage, or the highest number of fish. The selected coastal habitats have negligible anthropogenic noise, thus this study informs physiological and behavioral studies of the acoustic signatures that sea turtles might target and provides a baseline against which potential impact of soundscape changes on sea turtle spatial abundance and distribution can be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Papale
- BioacousticsLab, IAS Capo Granitola, National Research Council, Torretta Granitola, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- * E-mail: (EP); (SP)
| | - Shritika Prakash
- School of Marine Studies, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Shubha Singh
- School of Marine Studies, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | | | - Giuseppa Buscaino
- BioacousticsLab, IAS Capo Granitola, National Research Council, Torretta Granitola, Italy
| | - Susanna Piovano
- School of Marine Studies, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
- * E-mail: (EP); (SP)
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20
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Pieretti N, Lo Martire M, Corinaldesi C, Musco L, Dell'Anno A, Danovaro R. Anthropogenic noise and biological sounds in a heavily industrialized coastal area (Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 159:105002. [PMID: 32662436 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Underwater noise is one of the most widespread threats to the world oceans. Its negative impact on fauna is nowadays well established, but baseline data to be used in management and monitoring programs are still largely lacking. In particular, the acoustic assessment of human-impacted marine coastal areas provides complementary information on the health status of marine ecosystems. The objective of our study was to provide a baseline of underwater noise levels and biological sounds at two sites within the Gulf of Naples (Italy), one of which is located in Bagnoli-Coroglio, a Site of National Interest (SIN) for its high contamination levels. Within the SIN, sounds were recorded both before and during sediment coring activities (vibrocorer sampling), in order to investigate the potential acoustic impact due to such operations. Acoustic recordings were analyzed following the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive indications as defined in the frame of the Descriptor 11. Results reported here show that the investigated area is characterized by a high anthropogenic noise pressure. Ambient noise levels were principally driven by shipping noise and biological sounds of invertebrates (e.g., snapping shrimps). Sounds referable to other biological activity were difficult to detect because heavily masked by shipping noise. Coring activity determined a substantial introduction of additional noise at a local spatial scale. This study expands underwater noise baseline data to be further implemented in future monitoring programs of coastal areas affected by anthropogenic impacts. In addition, it proposes new cues for using underwater acoustic monitoring tools to complement traditional methodologies for evaluating health status of ecosystems and for investigating recovery rates after restoration/reclamation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pieretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - M Lo Martire
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - C Corinaldesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - L Musco
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - A Dell'Anno
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Danovaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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21
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Soudijn FH, van Kooten T, Slabbekoorn H, de Roos AM. Population-level effects of acoustic disturbance in Atlantic cod: a size-structured analysis based on energy budgets. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200490. [PMID: 32546090 PMCID: PMC7329029 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic underwater noise may negatively affect marine animals. Yet, while fishes are highly sensitive to sounds, effects of acoustic disturbances on fishes have not been extensively studied at the population level. In this study, we use a size-structured model based on energy budgets to analyse potential population-level effects of anthropogenic noise on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Using the model framework, we assess the impact of four possible effect pathways of disturbance on the cod population growth rate. Through increased stress, changes in foraging and movement behaviour, and effects on the auditory system, anthropogenic noise can lead to (i) increased energy expenditure, (ii) reduced food intake, (iii) increased mortality, and (iv) reduced reproductive output. Our results show that population growth rates are particularly sensitive to changes in energy expenditure and food intake because they indirectly affect the age of maturation, survival and fecundity. Sub-lethal effects of sound exposure may thus affect populations of cod and fishes with similar life histories more than lethal effects of sound exposure. Moreover, anthropogenic noise may negatively affect populations when causing persistent increases of energy expenditure or decreases of food intake. Effects of specific acoustic pollutants on energy acquisition and expenditure should therefore be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floor H. Soudijn
- Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research, Ijmuiden, The Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias van Kooten
- Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research, Ijmuiden, The Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André M. de Roos
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
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22
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Thoret E, Varnet L, Boubenec Y, Férriere R, Le Tourneau FM, Krause B, Lorenzi C. Characterizing amplitude and frequency modulation cues in natural soundscapes: A pilot study on four habitats of a biosphere reserve. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 147:3260. [PMID: 32486802 DOI: 10.1121/10.0001174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural soundscapes correspond to the acoustical patterns produced by biological and geophysical sound sources at different spatial and temporal scales for a given habitat. This pilot study aims to characterize the temporal-modulation information available to humans when perceiving variations in soundscapes within and across natural habitats. This is addressed by processing soundscapes from a previous study [Krause, Gage, and Joo. (2011). Landscape Ecol. 26, 1247] via models of human auditory processing extracting modulation at the output of cochlear filters. The soundscapes represent combinations of elevation, animal, and vegetation diversity in four habitats of the biosphere reserve in the Sequoia National Park (Sierra Nevada, USA). Bayesian statistical analysis and support vector machine classifiers indicate that: (i) amplitude-modulation (AM) and frequency-modulation (FM) spectra distinguish the soundscapes associated with each habitat; and (ii) for each habitat, diurnal and seasonal variations are associated with salient changes in AM and FM cues at rates between about 1 and 100 Hz in the low (<0.5 kHz) and high (>1-3 kHz) audio-frequency range. Support vector machine classifications further indicate that soundscape variations can be classified accurately based on these perceptually inspired representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Thoret
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, 29 rue d'Ulm Paris, 75005, France
| | - Léo Varnet
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, 29 rue d'Ulm Paris, 75005, France
| | - Yves Boubenec
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, 29 rue d'Ulm Paris, 75005, France
| | - Régis Férriere
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS, INSERM Paris, 75005, France
| | - François-Michel Le Tourneau
- International Center for Interdisciplinary Global Environmental Studies (iGLOBES), UMI 3157 CNRS, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Bernie Krause
- Wild Sanctuary, P.O. Box 536, Glen Ellen, California 95442, USA
| | - Christian Lorenzi
- Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, UMR CNRS 8248, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, 29 rue d'Ulm Paris, 75005, France
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23
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Hawkins AD, Johnson C, Popper AN. How to set sound exposure criteria for fishes. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 147:1762. [PMID: 32237806 DOI: 10.1121/10.0000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Underwater sounds from human sources can have detrimental effects upon aquatic animals, including fishes. Thus, it is important to establish sound exposure criteria for fishes, setting out those levels of sound from different sources that have detrimental effects upon them, in order to support current and future protective regulations. This paper considers the gaps in information that must be resolved in order to establish reasonable sound exposure criteria for fishes. The vulnerability of fishes is affected by the characteristics of underwater sounds, which must be taken into account when evaluating effects. The effects that need to be considered include death and injuries, physiological effects, and changes in behavior. Strong emphasis in assessing the effects of sounds has been placed upon the hearing abilities of fishes. However, although hearing has to be taken into account, other actual effects also have to be considered. This paper considers the information gaps that must be filled for the development of future guidelines and criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Hawkins
- The Aquatic Noise Trust, Kincraig, Blairs, Aberdeen, AB12 5YT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Arthur N Popper
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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24
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Jones IT, Stanley JA, Mooney TA. Impulsive pile driving noise elicits alarm responses in squid (Doryteuthis pealeii). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110792. [PMID: 31910530 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Pile driving occurs during construction of marine platforms, including offshore windfarms, producing intense sounds that can adversely affect marine animals. We quantified how a commercially and economically important squid (Doryteuthis pealeii: Lesueur 1821) responded to pile driving sounds recorded from a windfarm installation within this species' habitat. Fifteen-minute portions of these sounds were played to 16 individual squid. A subset of animals (n = 11) received a second exposure after a 24-h rest period. Body pattern changes, inking, jetting, and startle responses were observed and nearly all squid exhibited at least one response. These responses occurred primarily during the first 8 impulses and diminished quickly, indicating potential rapid, short-term habituation. Similar response rates were seen 24-h later, suggesting squid re-sensitized to the noise. Increased tolerance of anti-predatory alarm responses may alter squids' ability to deter and evade predators. Noise exposure may also disrupt normal intraspecific communication and ecologically relevant responses to sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian T Jones
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | - Jenni A Stanley
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - T Aran Mooney
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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25
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Abstract
Automated acoustic indices to infer biological sounds from marine recordings have produced mixed levels of success. The use of such indices in complex marine environments, dominated by several anthropogenic and geophonic sources, have yet to be understood fully. In this study, we introduce a noise resilient method based on complexity-entropy (hereafter named C-H) for the detection of biophonic sounds originating from fish choruses. The C-H method was tested on data collected in Changhua and Miaoli (Taiwan) during the spring in both 2016 and 2017. Miaoli was exposed to continual shipping activity, which led to an increase of ~10 dB in low frequency ambient noise levels (5–500 Hz). The acoustic dataset was successively analyzed via the acoustic complexity index, the acoustic diversity index and the bioacoustic index. The C-H method was found to be strongly correlated with fish chorusing (Pearson correlation: rH < −0.9; rC > 0.89), and robust to noise originating from shipping activity or natural sources, such as wind and tides (rH and rC were between 0.22 and −0.19). Other indices produced lower or null correlations with fish chorusing due to missed identification of the choruses or sensitivity to other sound sources. In contrast to most acoustic indices, the C-H method does not require a prior setting of frequency and amplitude thresholds, and is therefore, more user friendly to untrained technicians. We conclude that the use of the C-H method has potential implications in the efficient detection of fish choruses for management or conservation purposes and could help with overcoming the limitations of acoustic indices in noisy marine environments.
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Colleye O, Vetter BJ, Mohr RA, Seeley LH, Sisneros JA. Sexually dimorphic swim bladder extensions enhance the auditory sensitivity of female plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.204552. [PMID: 31221741 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.204552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus, is a seasonally breeding, nocturnal marine teleost fish that produces acoustic signals for intraspecific social communication. Females rely on audition to detect and locate 'singing' males that produce multiharmonic advertisement calls in the shallow-water, intertidal breeding environments. Previous work showed that females possess sexually dimorphic, horn-like rostral swim bladder extensions that extend toward the primary auditory end organs, the saccule and lagena. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the rostral swim bladder extensions in females increase auditory sensitivity to sound pressure and higher frequencies, which potentially could enhance mate detection and localization in shallow-water habitats. We recorded the auditory evoked potentials that originated from hair cell receptors in the saccule of control females with intact swim bladders and compared them with those from treated females (swim bladders removed) and type I males (intact swim bladders lacking rostral extensions). Saccular potentials were recorded from hair cell populations in vivo while behaviorally relevant pure-tone stimuli (75-1005 Hz) were presented by an underwater speaker. The results indicate that control females were approximately 5-11 dB re. 1 µPa more sensitive to sound pressure than treated females and type I males at the frequencies tested. A higher percentage of the evoked saccular potentials were recorded from control females at frequencies >305 Hz than from treated females and type I males. This enhanced sensitivity in females to sound pressure and higher frequencies may facilitate the acquisition of auditory information needed for conspecific localization and mate choice decisions during the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orphal Colleye
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, USA.,Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Liège, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6c, Quartier Agora, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Brooke J Vetter
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, USA
| | - Robert A Mohr
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, USA
| | - Lane H Seeley
- Department of Physics, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA 98199-1997, USA
| | - Joseph A Sisneros
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, USA .,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA.,Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7923, USA
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27
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Popper AN, Hawkins AD. An overview of fish bioacoustics and the impacts of anthropogenic sounds on fishes. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 94:692-713. [PMID: 30864159 PMCID: PMC6849755 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fishes use a variety of sensory systems to learn about their environments and to communicate. Of the various senses, hearing plays a particularly important role for fishes in providing information, often from great distances, from all around these animals. This information is in all three spatial dimensions, often overcoming the limitations of other senses such as vision, touch, taste and smell. Sound is used for communication between fishes, mating behaviour, the detection of prey and predators, orientation and migration and habitat selection. Thus, anything that interferes with the ability of a fish to detect and respond to biologically relevant sounds can decrease survival and fitness of individuals and populations. Since the onset of the Industrial Revolution, there has been a growing increase in the noise that humans put into the water. These anthropogenic sounds are from a wide range of sources that include shipping, sonars, construction activities (e.g., wind farms, harbours), trawling, dredging and exploration for oil and gas. Anthropogenic sounds may be sufficiently intense to result in death or mortal injury. However, anthropogenic sounds at lower levels may result in temporary hearing impairment, physiological changes including stress effects, changes in behaviour or the masking of biologically important sounds. The intent of this paper is to review the potential effects of anthropogenic sounds upon fishes, the potential consequences for populations and ecosystems and the need to develop sound exposure criteria and relevant regulations. However, assuming that many readers may not have a background in fish bioacoustics, the paper first provides information on underwater acoustics, with a focus on introducing the very important concept of particle motion, the primary acoustic stimulus for all fishes, including elasmobranchs. The paper then provides background material on fish hearing, sound production and acoustic behaviour. This is followed by an overview of what is known about effects of anthropogenic sounds on fishes and considers the current guidelines and criteria being used world-wide to assess potential effects on fishes. Most importantly, the paper provides the most complete summary of the effects of anthropogenic noise on fishes to date. It is also made clear that there are currently so many information gaps that it is almost impossible to reach clear conclusions on the nature and levels of anthropogenic sounds that have potential to cause changes in animal behaviour, or even result in physical harm. Further research is required on the responses of a range of fish species to different sound sources, under different conditions. There is a need both to examine the immediate effects of sound exposure and the longer-term effects, in terms of fitness and likely impacts upon populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur N. Popper
- Department of BiologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
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28
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Sertlek HÖ, Slabbekoorn H, Ten Cate C, Ainslie MA. Source specific sound mapping: Spatial, temporal and spectral distribution of sound in the Dutch North Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:1143-1157. [PMID: 30823343 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Effective measures for protecting and preserving the marine environment require an understanding of the potential impact of anthropogenic sound on marine life. A crucial component is a proper assessment of the anthropogenic soundscape: which sounds are present where, when and how strong? We provide an extensive case study modelling the spatial, temporal and spectral distribution of sound radiated by several anthropogenic sources (ships, seismic airguns, explosives) and a naturally occurring one (wind) in the Dutch North Sea. We present the results as a series of sound maps covering the whole of the Dutch North Sea, showing the spatial and temporal distribution of the energy from these sources. Averaged over a two year period, shipping is responsible for the largest amount of acoustic energy (∼1800 J), followed by seismic surveys (∼300 J), explosions (∼20 J) and wind (∼20 J) in the frequency band between 100 Hz and 100 kHz. Our study shows that anthropogenic sources are responsible for 100 times more acoustic energy (averaged over 2 years) in the Dutch North Sea than naturally occurring sound from wind. The potential impact of these sounds on aquatic animals depends not only on these temporally averaged and spatially integrated broadband energies, but also on the source-specific spatial, spectral and temporal variation. Shipping is dominant in the southern part and along the coast in the north, throughout the years and across the spectrum. Seismic surveys are relatively local and spatially and temporally dependent on exploration activities in any particular year, and spectrally shifted to low frequencies relative to the other sources. Explosions in the southern part contribute wide-extent high energy bursts across the spectrum. Relating modelled sound fields to the temporal and spatial distribution of animal species may provide a powerful tool for understanding the potential impact of anthropogenic sound on marine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Özkan Sertlek
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands; Gebze Technical University, Electronics Engineering Department, P.O. Box 141, 41400, Gebze, Turkey.
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carel Ten Cate
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
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29
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Lara RA, Vasconcelos RO. Characterization of the Natural Soundscape of Zebrafish and Comparison with the Captive Noise Conditions. Zebrafish 2019; 16:152-164. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2018.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A. Lara
- Institute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Macau, China
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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30
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Cafaro V, Piazzolla D, Melchiorri C, Burgio C, Fersini G, Conversano F, Piermattei V, Marcelli M. Underwater noise assessment outside harbor areas: The case of Port of Civitavecchia, northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 133:865-871. [PMID: 30041388 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Underwater noise assessment is particularly important in coastal areas where a wide range of natural and anthropogenic sounds generate complex and variable soundscapes. In the last century, the number and size of noise sources has increased significantly, thereby increasing the ocean's background noise. Shipping is the main source of lower-frequency underwater noises (<500 Hz). This research aimed to provide an initial assessment of underwater noise levels in a coastal area of the northern Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy) using short-term recordings. Spatial and temporal variations in the noise level, and the type and number of ships sailing through the port were recorded. A significant correlation was found between ferry boats and sound pressure levels, indicating their role as a prevalent source of low frequency underwater noise in the project area. This research could provide the baseline for implementation of distribution and point-source underwater noise models that are required for sustainable coastal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cafaro
- Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, DEB, Tuscia University, Molo Vespucci, Port of Civitavecchia, 00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy.
| | - Daniele Piazzolla
- Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, DEB, Tuscia University, Molo Vespucci, Port of Civitavecchia, 00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy
| | - Cristiano Melchiorri
- Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, DEB, Tuscia University, Molo Vespucci, Port of Civitavecchia, 00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy
| | - Calogero Burgio
- Port Authority System of the Central Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fersini
- Port Authority System of the Central Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Piermattei
- Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, DEB, Tuscia University, Molo Vespucci, Port of Civitavecchia, 00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy
| | - Marco Marcelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, DEB, Tuscia University, Molo Vespucci, Port of Civitavecchia, 00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy
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31
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McCormick MI, Allan BJM, Harding H, Simpson SD. Boat noise impacts risk assessment in a coral reef fish but effects depend on engine type. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3847. [PMID: 29497097 PMCID: PMC5832755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human noise pollution has increased markedly since the start of industrialization and there is international concern about how this may impact wildlife. Here we determined whether real motorboat noise affected the behavior, space use and escape response of a juvenile damselfish (Pomacentrus wardi) in the wild, and explored whether fish respond effectively to chemical and visual threats in the presence of two common types of motorboat noise. Noise from 30 hp 2-stroke outboard motors reduced boldness and activity of fish on habitat patches compared to ambient reef-sound controls. Fish also no longer responded to alarm odours with an antipredator response, instead increasing activity and space use, and fewer fish responded appropriately to a looming threat. In contrast, while there was a minor influence of noise from a 30 hp 4-stroke outboard on space use, there was no influence on their ability to respond to alarm odours, and no impact on their escape response. Evidence suggests that anthropogenic noise impacts the way juvenile fish assess risk, which will reduce individual fitness and survival, however, not all engine types cause major effects. This finding may give managers options by which they can reduce the impact of motorboat noise on inshore fish communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark I McCormick
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
| | - Bridie J M Allan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Harry Harding
- School of Biological Sciences & Cabot Institute, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Stephen D Simpson
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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32
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Mélotte G, Parmentier E, Michel C, Herrel A, Boyle K. Hearing capacities and morphology of the auditory system in Serrasalmidae (Teleostei: Otophysi). Sci Rep 2018; 8:1281. [PMID: 29352233 PMCID: PMC5775314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Like all otophysan fishes, serrasalmids (piranhas and relatives) possess a Weberian apparatus that improves their hearing capacities. We compared the hearing abilities among eight species of serrasalmids having different life-history traits: herbivorous vs. carnivorous and vocal vs. mute species. We also made 3D reconstructions of the auditory system to detect potential morphological variations associated with hearing ability. The hearing structures were similar in overall shape and position. All the species hear in the same frequency range and only slight differences were found in hearing thresholds. The eight species have their range of best hearing in the lower frequencies (50–900 Hz). In vocal serrasalmids, the range of best hearing covers the frequency spectrum of their sounds. However, the broad overlap in hearing thresholds among species having different life-history traits (herbivorous vs. carnivorous and vocal vs. non-vocal species) suggests that hearing ability is likely not related to the capacity to emit acoustic signals or to the diet, i.e. the ability to detect sounds is not associated with a given kind of food. The inner ear appears to be highly conservative in this group suggesting that it is shaped by phylogenetic history or by other kinds of constraints such as predator avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Mélotte
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christian Michel
- Aquarium-Muséum, Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution, Université de Liège, Institut de Zoologie, Bât I1, 22 quai Van Beneden, B - 4020, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179C.N.R.S./M.N.H.N., Département Adaptations du vivant, 55 Rue Buffon, Case Postale 55, 75005, Paris Cedex, 5, France
| | - Kelly Boyle
- UMR 7179C.N.R.S./M.N.H.N., Département Adaptations du vivant, 55 Rue Buffon, Case Postale 55, 75005, Paris Cedex, 5, France.,Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, 5871 USA Drive North, Mobile, Alabama, 36688, USA.,Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Boulevard, Dauphin Island, Alabama, 36528, USA
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33
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Popper AN, Hawkins AD. The importance of particle motion to fishes and invertebrates. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 143:470. [PMID: 29390747 DOI: 10.1121/1.5021594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper considers the importance of particle motion to fishes and invertebrates and the steps that need to be taken to improve knowledge of its effects. It is aimed at scientists investigating the impacts of sounds on fishes and invertebrates but it is also relevant to regulators, those preparing environmental impact assessments, and to industries creating underwater sounds. The overall aim of this paper is to ensure that proper attention is paid to particle motion as a stimulus when evaluating the effects of sound upon aquatic life. Directions are suggested for future research and planning that, if implemented, will provide a better scientific basis for dealing with the impact of underwater sounds on marine ecosystems and for regulating those human activities that generate such sounds. The paper includes background material on underwater acoustics, focusing on particle motion; the importance of particle motion to fishes and invertebrates; and sound propagation through both water and the substrate. Consideration is then given to the data gaps that must be filled in order to better understand the interactions between particle motion and aquatic animals. Finally, suggestions are provided on how to increase the understanding of particle motion and its relevance to aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur N Popper
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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34
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Heenehan HL, Van Parijs SM, Bejder L, Tyne JA, Southall BL, Southall H, Johnston DW. Natural and anthropogenic events influence the soundscapes of four bays on Hawaii Island. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:9-20. [PMID: 28751031 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The soundscapes of four bays along the Kona Coast of Hawaii Island were monitored between January 2011 and March 2013. Equivalent, unweighted sound pressure levels within standard 1/3rd-octave bands (dB re: 1μPa) were calculated for each recording. Sound levels increased at night and were lowest during the daytime when spinner dolphins use the bays to rest. A tsunami provided an opportunity to monitor the soundscape with little anthropogenic component. We detected a decrease in sound levels and variability in one of the busiest bays. During the daytime in the 3.15kHz 1/3rd octave band, we detected 92 loud outliers from vessels, aquaculture, and military mid-frequency active sonar. During one military mid-frequency active sonar event sound levels reached 45.8dB above median ambient noise levels. The differences found in the bays illustrate the importance of understanding soundscapes to effectively manage noise pollution in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Heenehan
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC, USA; Integrated Statistics, 16 Sumner Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Northeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | - Sofie M Van Parijs
- Northeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Lars Bejder
- Cetacean Research Unit, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Julian A Tyne
- Cetacean Research Unit, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Brandon L Southall
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California at Santa Cruz, 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; SEA, Inc. 9099 Soquel Drive, Suite 8, Aptos, CA, USA
| | - Hugh Southall
- SEA, Inc. 9099 Soquel Drive, Suite 8, Aptos, CA, USA
| | - David W Johnston
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC, USA; Cetacean Research Unit, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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35
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36
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Loudness-dependent behavioral responses and habituation to sound by the longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii). J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2016; 202:489-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-016-1092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Niese RL, Tobalske BW. Specialized primary feathers produce tonal sounds during flight in rock pigeons (Columba livia). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:2173-81. [PMID: 27207645 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.131649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
For centuries, naturalists have suggested that the tonal elements of pigeon wing sounds may be sonations (non-vocal acoustic signals) of alarm. However, spurious tonal sounds may be produced passively as a result of aeroelastic flutter in the flight feathers of almost all birds. Using mechanistic criteria emerging from recent work on sonations, we sought to: (1) identify characteristics of rock pigeon flight feathers that might be adapted for sound production rather than flight, and (2) provide evidence that this morphology is necessary for in vivo sound production and is sufficient to replicate in vivo sounds. Pigeons produce tonal sounds (700±50 Hz) during the latter two-thirds of each downstroke during take-off. These tones are produced when a small region of long, curved barbs on the inner vane of the outermost primary feather (P10) aeroelastically flutters. Tones were silenced in live birds when we experimentally increased the stiffness of this region to prevent flutter. Isolated P10 feathers were sufficient to reproduce in vivo sounds when spun at the peak angular velocity of downstroke (53.9-60.3 rad s(-1)), but did not produce tones at average downstroke velocity (31.8 rad s(-1)), whereas P9 and P1 feathers never produced tones. P10 feathers had significantly lower coefficients of resultant aerodynamic force (CR) when spun at peak angular velocity than at average angular velocity, revealing that production of tonal sounds incurs an aerodynamic cost. P9 and P1 feathers did not show this difference in CR These mechanistic results suggest that the tonal sounds produced by P10 feathers are not incidental and may function in communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Niese
- Field Research Station at Fort Missoula, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA Slater Museum of Natural History, Biology Department, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA 98416, USA
| | - Bret W Tobalske
- Field Research Station at Fort Missoula, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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38
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Nelson KR, Schroeder AL, Ankley GT, Blackwell BR, Blanksma C, Degitz SJ, Flynn KM, Jensen KM, Johnson RD, Kahl MD, Knapen D, Kosian PA, Milsk RY, Randolph EC, Saari T, Stinckens E, Vergauwen L, Villeneuve DL. Impaired anterior swim bladder inflation following exposure to the thyroid peroxidase inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazole part I: Fathead minnow. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 173:192-203. [PMID: 26852267 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a hypothesized adverse outcome pathway linking inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity to impaired swim bladder inflation was investigated in two experiments in which fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). Continuous exposure to 1mg MBT/L for up to 22 days had no effect on inflation of the posterior chamber of the swim bladder, which typically inflates around 6 days post fertilization (dpf), a period during which maternally-derived thyroid hormone is presumed to be present. In contrast, inflation of the anterior swim bladder, which occurs around 14dpf, was impacted. Specifically, at 14dpf, approximately 50% of fish exposed to 1mg MBT/L did not have an inflated anterior swim bladder. In fish exposed to MBT through 21 or 22dpf, the anterior swim bladder was able to inflate, but the ratio of the anterior/posterior chamber length was significantly reduced compared to controls. Both abundance of thyroid peroxidase mRNA and thyroid follicle histology suggest that fathead minnows mounted a compensatory response to the presumed inhibition of TPO activity by MBT. Time-course characterization showed that fish exposed to MBT for at least 4 days prior to normal anterior swim bladder inflation had significant reductions in anterior swim bladder size, relative to the posterior chamber, compared to controls. These results, along with similar results observed in zebrafish (see part II, this issue) are consistent with the hypothesis that thyroid hormone signaling plays a significant role in mediating anterior swim bladder inflation and development in cyprinids, and that role can be disrupted by exposure to thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitors. Nonetheless, possible thyroid-independent actions of MBT on anterior swim bladder inflation cannot be ruled out based on the present results. Overall, although anterior swim bladder inflation has not been directly linked to survival as posterior swim bladder inflation has, potential links to adverse ecological outcomes are plausible given involvement of the anterior chamber in sound production and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta R Nelson
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Anthony L Schroeder
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA; University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Water Resources Center, 1985 Lower Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Chad Blanksma
- Badger Technical Services, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kevin M Flynn
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kathleen M Jensen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Rodney D Johnson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Michael D Kahl
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patricia A Kosian
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Rebecca Y Milsk
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Eric C Randolph
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Travis Saari
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
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Ladich F, Schulz-Mirbach T. Diversity in Fish Auditory Systems: One of the Riddles of Sensory Biology. Front Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2016.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Radford CA, Ghazali SM, Montgomery JC, Jeffs AG. Vocalisation Repertoire of Female Bluefin Gurnard (Chelidonichthys kumu) in Captivity: Sound Structure, Context and Vocal Activity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149338. [PMID: 26890124 PMCID: PMC4758638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish vocalisation is often a major component of underwater soundscapes. Therefore, interpretation of these soundscapes requires an understanding of the vocalisation characteristics of common soniferous fish species. This study of captive female bluefin gurnard, Chelidonichthys kumu, aims to formally characterise their vocalisation sounds and daily pattern of sound production. Four types of sound were produced and characterised, twice as many as previously reported in this species. These sounds fit two aural categories; grunt and growl, the mean peak frequencies for which ranged between 129 to 215 Hz. This species vocalized throughout the 24 hour period at an average rate of (18.5 ± 2.0 sounds fish-1 h-1) with an increase in vocalization rate at dawn and dusk. Competitive feeding did not elevate vocalisation as has been found in other gurnard species. Bluefin gurnard are common in coastal waters of New Zealand, Australia and Japan and, given their vocalization rate, are likely to be significant contributors to ambient underwater soundscape in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Radford
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth, 0941, New Zealand
| | - Shahriman M Ghazali
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth, 0941, New Zealand.,Marine Ecosystem Research Centre (EKOMAR), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangii, Malaysia.,School of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangii, Malaysia
| | - John C Montgomery
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth, 0941, New Zealand
| | - Andrew G Jeffs
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth, 0941, New Zealand
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Higgs DM, Radford CA. The Potential Overlapping Roles of the Ear and Lateral Line in Driving “Acoustic” Responses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 877:255-70. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21059-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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What the Toadfish Ear Tells the Toadfish Brain About Sound. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 877:197-226. [PMID: 26515316 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21059-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Of the three, paired otolithic endorgans in the ear of teleost fishes, the saccule is the one most often demonstrated to have a major role in encoding frequencies of biologically relevant sounds. The toadfish saccule also encodes sound level and sound source direction in the phase-locked activity conveyed via auditory afferents to nuclei of the ipsilateral octaval column in the medulla. Although paired auditory receptors are present in teleost fishes, binaural processes were believed to be unimportant due to the speed of sound in water and the acoustic transparency of the tissues in water. In contrast, there are behavioral and anatomical data that support binaural processing in fishes. Studies in the toadfish combined anatomical tract-tracing and physiological recordings from identified sites along the ascending auditory pathway to document response characteristics at each level. Binaural computations in the medulla and midbrain sharpen the directional information provided by the saccule. Furthermore, physiological studies in the central nervous system indicated that encoding frequency, sound level, temporal pattern, and sound source direction are important components of what the toadfish ear tells the toadfish brain about sound.
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Comparison of Electrophysiological Auditory Measures in Fishes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 877:227-54. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21059-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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The effect of temporal variation in sound exposure on swimming and foraging behaviour of captive zebrafish. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
The acoustic ecology of marine fishes has traditionally focused on adults, while overlooking the early life-history stages. Here, we document the first acoustic recordings of pre-settlement stage grey snapper larvae (Lutjanus griseus). Through a combination of in situ and unprovoked laboratory recordings, we found that L. griseus larvae are acoustically active during the night, producing 'knock' and 'growl' sounds that are spectrally and temporally similar to those of adults. While the exact function and physiological mechanisms of sound production in fish larvae are unknown, we suggest that these sounds may enable snapper larvae to maintain group cohesion at night when visual cues are reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Staaterman
- Applied Marine Physics, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA Marine Biology and Fisheries, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA
| | - Claire B Paris
- Applied Marine Physics, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA Marine Biology and Fisheries, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA
| | - Andrew S Kough
- Marine Biology and Fisheries, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA
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Soundscapes offer unique opportunities for studies of fish communities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5866-7. [PMID: 25931523 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505897112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Neo YY, Parie L, Bakker F, Snelderwaard P, Tudorache C, Schaaf M, Slabbekoorn H. Behavioral changes in response to sound exposure and no spatial avoidance of noisy conditions in captive zebrafish. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:28. [PMID: 25741256 PMCID: PMC4330796 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory sensitivity in fish serves various important functions, but also makes fish susceptible to noise pollution. Human-generated sounds may affect behavioral patterns of fish, both in natural conditions and in captivity. Fish are often kept for consumption in aquaculture, on display in zoos and hobby aquaria, and for medical sciences in research facilities, but little is known about the impact of ambient sounds in fish tanks. In this study, we conducted two indoor exposure experiments with zebrafish (Danio rerio). The first experiment demonstrated that exposure to moderate sound levels (112 dB re 1 μPa) can affect the swimming behavior of fish by changing group cohesion, swimming speed and swimming height. Effects were brief for both continuous and intermittent noise treatments. In the second experiment, fish could influence exposure to higher sound levels by swimming freely between an artificially noisy fish tank (120-140 dB re 1 μPa) and another with ambient noise levels (89 dB re 1 μPa). Despite initial startle responses, and a brief period in which many individuals in the noisy tank dived down to the bottom, there was no spatial avoidance or noise-dependent tank preference at all. The frequent exchange rate of about 60 fish passages per hour between tanks was not affected by continuous or intermittent exposures. In conclusion, small groups of captive zebrafish were able to detect sounds already at relatively low sound levels and adjust their behavior to it. Relatively high sound levels were at least at the on-set disturbing, but did not lead to spatial avoidance. Further research is needed to show whether zebrafish are not able to avoid noisy areas or just not bothered. Quantitatively, these data are not directly applicable to other fish species or other fish tanks, but they do indicate that sound exposure may affect fish behavior in any captive condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yik Yaw Neo
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lisa Parie
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frederique Bakker
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands ; Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter Snelderwaard
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christian Tudorache
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Schaaf
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
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COLLIN SP, HART NS. Vision and photoentrainment in fishes: The effects of natural and anthropogenic perturbation. Integr Zool 2015; 10:15-28. [DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaun P. COLLIN
- School of Animal Biology and the Oceans Institute; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Nathan S. HART
- School of Animal Biology and the Oceans Institute; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia Australia
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BRAUN CB. Signals and noise in the octavolateralis systems: What is the impact of human activities on fish sensory function? Integr Zool 2015; 10:4-14. [DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. BRAUN
- Department of Psychology; Hunter College, City University of New York; New York NY USA
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Effects of temperature on auditory sensitivity in eurythermal fishes: common carp Cyprinus carpio (Family Cyprinidae) versus Wels catfish Silurus glanis (family Siluridae). PLoS One 2014; 9:e108583. [PMID: 25255456 PMCID: PMC4177911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In ectothermal animals such as fish, -temperature affects physiological and metabolic processes. This includes sensory organs such as the auditory system. The reported effects of temperature on hearing in eurythermal otophysines are contradictory. We therefore investigated the effect on the auditory system in species representing two different orders. Methodology/Principal Findings Hearing sensitivity was determined using the auditory evoked potentials (AEP) recording technique. Auditory sensitivity and latency in response to clicks were measured in the common carp Cyprinus carpio (order Cypriniformes) and the Wels catfish Silurus glanis (order Siluriformes) after acclimating fish for at least three weeks to two different water temperatures (15°C, 25°C and again 15°C). Hearing sensitivity increased with temperature in both species. Best hearing was detected between 0.3 and 1 kHz at both temperatures. The maximum increase occurred at 0.8 kHz (7.8 dB) in C. carpio and at 0.5 kHz (10.3 dB) in S. glanis. The improvement differed between species and was in particular more pronounced in the catfish at 4 kHz. The latency in response to single clicks was measured from the onset of the sound stimulus to the most constant positive peak of the AEP. The latency decreased at the higher temperature in both species by 0.37 ms on average. Conclusions/Significance The current study shows that higher temperature improves hearing (lower thresholds, shorter latencies) in eurythermal species from different orders of otophysines. Differences in threshold shifts between eurythermal species seem to reflect differences in absolute sensitivity at higher frequencies and they furthermore indicate differences to stenothermal (tropical) species.
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