1
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Villalaín J. Location and interaction of idebenone and mitoquinone in a membrane similar to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Comparison with ubiquinone 10. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:211-222. [PMID: 38908803 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen is essential for aerobic life on earth but it is also the origin of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ubiquinone is par excellence the endogenous cellular antioxidant, but a very hydrophobic one. Because of that, other molecules have been envisaged, such as idebenone (IDE) and mitoquinone (MTQ), molecules having the same redox active benzoquinone moiety but higher solubility. We have used molecular dynamics to determine the location and interaction of these molecules, both in their oxidized and reduced forms, with membrane lipids in a membrane similar to that of the mitochondria. Both IDE and reduced IDE (IDOL) are situated near the membrane interface, whereas both MTQ and reduced MTQ (MTQOL) locate in a position adjacent to the phospholipid hydrocarbon chains. The quinone moieties of both ubiquinone 10 (UQ10) and reduced UQ10 (UQOL10) in contraposition to the same moieties of IDE, IDOL, MTQ and MTQOL, located near the membrane interphase, whereas the isoprenoid chains remained at the middle of the hydrocarbon chains. These molecules do not aggregate and their functional quinone moieties are located in the membrane at different depths but near the hydrophobic phospholipid chains whereby protecting them from ROS harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Villalaín
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology (IDiBE), Universidad "Miguel Hernández", E-03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
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2
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Li XN, Lin L, Li XW, Zhu Q, Xie ZY, Hu YZ, Long QS, Wei XB, Wen YQ, Zhang LY, Zhang QK, Jing YC, Wei XH, Li XS. BSA-stabilized selenium nanoparticles ameliorate intracerebral hemorrhage's-like pathology by inhibiting ferroptosis-mediated neurotoxicology via Nrf2/GPX4 axis activation. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103268. [PMID: 39032396 PMCID: PMC11314897 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a prevalent hemorrhagic cerebrovascular emergency. Alleviating neurological damage in the early stages of ICH is critical for enhancing patient prognosis and survival rate. A novel form of cell death called ferroptosis is intimately linked to hemorrhage-induced brain tissue injury. Although studies have demonstrated the significant preventive impact of bovine serum albumin-stabilized selenium nanoparticles (BSA-SeNPs) against disorders connected to the neurological system, the neuroprotective effect on the hemorrhage stroke and the mechanism remain unknown. Therefore, based on the favorable biocompatibility of BSA-SeNPs, h-ICH (hippocampus-intracerebral hemorrhage) model was constructed to perform BSA-SeNPs therapy. As expected, these BSA-SeNPs could effectively improve the cognitive deficits and ameliorate the damage of hippocampal neuron. Furthermore, BSA-SeNPs reverse the morphology of mitochondria and enhanced the mitochondrial function, evidenced by mitochondrial respiration function (OCR) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Mechanistically, BSA-SeNPs could efficiently activate the Nrf2 to enhance the expression of antioxidant GPX4 at mRNA and protein levels, and further inhibit lipid peroxidation production in erastin-induced ferroptotic damages. Taken together, this study not only sheds light on the clinical application of BSA-SeNPs, but also provides its newly theoretical support for the strategy of the intervention and treatment of neurological impairment following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China; Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Shan Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Qi Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Keng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Chao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Hua Wei
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Xue-Song Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Rai NK, Venugopal H, Rajesh R, Ancha P, Venkatesh S. Mitochondrial complex-1 as a therapeutic target for cardiac diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05074-1. [PMID: 39033212 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is critical for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Complex-1 (CI) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain that participates in oxidative phosphorylation and energy production. CI is the largest multisubunit complex (~ 1 Mda) and comprises 45 protein subunits encoded by seven mt-DNA genes and 38 nuclear genes. These subunits function as the enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH): ubiquinone oxidoreductase. CI dysregulation has been implicated in various CVDs, including heart failure, ischemic heart disease, pressure overload, hypertrophy, and cardiomyopathy. Several studies demonstrated that impaired CI function contributes to increased oxidative stress, altered calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial DNA damage in cardiac cells, leading to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. CI dysfunction has been associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vascular remodeling, critical processes in developing atherosclerosis and hypertension. Although CI is crucial in physiological and pathological conditions, no potential therapeutics targeting CI are available to treat CVDs. We believe that a lack of understanding of CI's precise mechanisms and contributions to CVDs limits the development of therapeutic strategies. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the role of CI in cardiovascular health and disease to shed light on its potential therapeutic target role in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar Rai
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Harikrishnan Venugopal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ritika Rajesh
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA
| | - Pranavi Ancha
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA.
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4
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Hahm JH, Nirmala FS, Ha TY, Ahn J. Nutritional approaches targeting mitochondria for the prevention of sarcopenia. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:676-694. [PMID: 37475189 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A decline in function and loss of mass, a condition known as sarcopenia, is observed in the skeletal muscles with aging. Sarcopenia has a negative effect on the quality of life of elderly. Individuals with sarcopenia are at particular risk for adverse outcomes, such as reduced mobility, fall-related injuries, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the pathogenesis of sarcopenia is multifaceted, mitochondrial dysfunction is regarded as a major contributor for muscle aging. Hence, the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial function during aging is imperative for sarcopenia treatment. However, effective and specific drugs that can be used for the treatment are not yet approved. Instead studies on the relationship between food intake and muscle aging have suggested that nutritional intake or dietary control could be an alternative approach for the amelioration of muscle aging. This narrative review approaches various nutritional components and diets as a treatment for sarcopenia by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis and improving mitochondria. Age-related changes in mitochondrial function and the molecular mechanisms that help improve mitochondrial homeostasis are discussed, and the nutritional components and diet that modulate these molecular mechanisms are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Farida S Nirmala
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, South Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, South Korea
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5
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Hooshangi Shayesteh MR, Hami Z, Chamanara M, Parvizi MR, Golaghaei A, Nassireslami E. Evaluation of the protective effect of coenzyme Q 10 on hepatotoxicity caused by acute phosphine poisoning. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2024; 38:3946320241250286. [PMID: 38764158 PMCID: PMC11104032 DOI: 10.1177/03946320241250286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is prevalent in numerous countries, resulting in high mortality rates. Phosphine gas, the primary agent responsible for AlP poisoning, exerts detrimental effects on various organs, notably the heart, liver and kidneys. Numerous studies have documented the advantageous impact of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in mitigating hepatic injuries. The objective of this investigation is to explore the potential protective efficacy of CoQ10 against hepatic toxicity arising from AlP poisoning. Method: The study encompassed distinct groups receiving almond oil, normal saline, exclusive CoQ10 (at a dosage of 100 mg/kg), AlP at 12 mg/kg; LD50 (lethal dose for 50%), and four groups subjected to AlP along with CoQ10 administration (post-AlP gavage). CoQ10 was administered at 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg doses via Intraparietal (ip) injections. After 24 h, liver tissue specimens were scrutinized for mitochondrial complex activities, oxidative stress parameters, and apoptosis as well as biomarkers such as aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Results: AlP induced a significant decrease in the activity of mitochondrial complexes I and IV, as well as a reduction in catalase activity, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Thiol levels. Additionally, AlP significantly elevated oxidative stress levels, indicated by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and resulted in the increment of hepatic biomarkers such as AST and ALT. Administration of CoQ10 led to a substantial improvement in the aforementioned biochemical markers. Furthermore, phosphine exposure resulted in a significant reduction in viable hepatocytes and an increase in apoptosis. Co-treatment with CoQ10 exhibited a dose-dependent reversal of these observed alterations. Conclusion: CoQ10 preserved mitochondrial function, consequently mitigating oxidative damage. This preventive action impeded the progression of heart cells toward apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Hooshangi Shayesteh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Parvizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Golaghaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nassireslami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Haeri K, Samiee S, Hajati S, Deyhim M. Resveratrol reduces platelet storage lesion by preventing free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulation in platelet concentrates during storage. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023:10.1007/s11239-023-02829-3. [PMID: 37213065 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Platelet activation and mitochondrial damage are among the crucial events leading to the quality reduction of platelet concentrates (PCs) during preparation and storage, called platelet storage lesion. Platelet activation results in the clearance of transfused platelets. Oxidative stress and platelet activation trigger mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release into the extracellular milieu which is associated with adverse transfusion reactions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol, an antioxidant polyphenol, on platelet activation markers and mtDNA release. Ten PCs were divided equally into two bags each, one of them was allocated to the control group (n = 10) and another to the case group (resveratrol-treated, n = 10). Free mtDNA level and CD62P (P-selectin) expression level were measured by absolute quantification Real-Time PCR, and flow cytometry on days 0 (the receiving day), 3, 5, and 7 of storage respectively. Moreover, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activity, pH, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were assessed as well. Treatment of PCs with resveratrol can significantly decrease mtDNA release during storage compared to the control. In addition, platelet activation was significantly mitigated. We also observed significantly lower MPV, PDW, and LDH activity in resveratrol-treated PCs compared to the control group on days 3, 5, and 7. Furthermore, resveratrol maintained the pH of PCs on day 7. Resveratrol diminished free mtDNA and maintained biochemical parameters in PCs, possibly by reducing platelet activation. Therefore, resveratrol might be a possible additive solution for improving the quality of stored PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamand Haeri
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, P.O. Box: 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Samiee
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, P.O. Box: 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran
| | - Smerdis Hajati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, P.O. Box: 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Deyhim
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, P.O. Box: 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Bi H, Tranell J, Harper DC, Lin W, Li J, Hellström AR, Larsson M, Rubin CJ, Wang C, Sayyab S, Kerje S, Bed’hom B, Gourichon D, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Tixier-Boichard M, Marks MS, Globisch D, Andersson L. A frame-shift mutation in COMTD1 is associated with impaired pheomelanin pigmentation in chicken. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010724. [PMID: 37068079 PMCID: PMC10138217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The biochemical pathway regulating the synthesis of yellow/red pheomelanin is less well characterized than the synthesis of black/brown eumelanin. Inhibitor of gold (IG phenotype) is a plumage colour variant in chicken that provides an opportunity to further explore this pathway since the recessive allele (IG) at this locus is associated with a defect in the production of pheomelanin. IG/IG homozygotes display a marked dilution of red pheomelanin pigmentation, whilst black pigmentation (eumelanin) is only slightly affected. Here we show that a 2-base pair insertion (frame-shift mutation) in the 5th exon of the Catechol-O-methyltransferase containing domain 1 gene (COMTD1), expected to cause a complete or partial loss-of-function of the COMTD1 enzyme, shows complete concordance with the IG phenotype within and across breeds. We show that the COMTD1 protein is localized to mitochondria in pigment cells. Knockout of Comtd1 in a mouse melanocytic cell line results in a reduction in pheomelanin metabolites and significant alterations in metabolites of glutamate/glutathione, riboflavin, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Furthermore, COMTD1 overexpression enhanced cellular proliferation following chemical-induced transfection, a potential inducer of oxidative stress. These observations suggest that COMTD1 plays a protective role for melanocytes against oxidative stress and that this supports their ability to produce pheomelanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Bi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Tranell
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dawn C. Harper
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Department of Physiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Weifeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jingyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anders R. Hellström
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mårten Larsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Rubin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chao Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shumaila Sayyab
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanne Kerje
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bertrand Bed’hom
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Michael S. Marks
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Department of Physiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Daniel Globisch
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Andersson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States of America
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8
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Makinde E, Ma L, Mellick GD, Feng Y. Mitochondrial Modulators: The Defender. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020226. [PMID: 36830595 PMCID: PMC9953029 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are widely considered the "power hub" of the cell because of their pivotal roles in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. However, beyond the production of ATP, which is the major source of chemical energy supply in eukaryotes, mitochondria are also central to calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, and cell apoptosis. The mitochondria also perform crucial multifaceted roles in biosynthetic pathways, serving as an important source of building blocks for the biosynthesis of fatty acid, cholesterol, amino acid, glucose, and heme. Since mitochondria play multiple vital roles in the cell, it is not surprising that disruption of mitochondrial function has been linked to a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the key physiological and pathological functions of mitochondria and present bioactive compounds with protective effects on the mitochondria and their mechanisms of action. We highlight promising compounds and existing difficulties limiting the therapeutic use of these compounds and potential solutions. We also provide insights and perspectives into future research windows on mitochondrial modulators.
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9
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Tamaki Y, Urushitani M. Molecular Dissection of TDP-43 as a Leading Cause of ALS/FTLD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012508. [PMID: 36293362 PMCID: PMC9604209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a DNA/RNA binding protein involved in pivotal cellular functions, especially in RNA metabolism. Hyperphosphorylated and ubiquitinated TDP-43-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions are identified in the brain and spinal cord in most cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and a substantial proportion of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) cases. TDP-43 dysfunctions and cytoplasmic aggregation seem to be the central pathogenicity in ALS and FTLD. Therefore, unraveling both the physiological and pathological mechanisms of TDP-43 may enable the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. This review highlights the current understanding of TDP-43 biology and pathology, describing the cellular processes involved in the pathogeneses of ALS and FTLD, such as post-translational modifications, RNA metabolism, liquid–liquid phase separation, proteolysis, and the potential prion-like propagation propensity of the TDP-43 inclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Tamaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Makoto Urushitani
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
- Correspondence:
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10
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Tschesche C, Bekaert M, Bassett DI, Boyd S, Bron JE, Sturm A. Key role of mitochondrial mutation Leu107Ser (COX1) in deltamethrin resistance in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Sci Rep 2022; 12:10356. [PMID: 35725748 PMCID: PMC9209418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyrethroid deltamethrin (DTM) is used to treat Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) against salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infestations. However, DTM resistance has evolved in L. salmonis and is currently common in the North Atlantic. This study aimed to re-assess the association between DTM resistance and mitochondrial (mtDNA) mutations demonstrated in previous reports. Among 218 L. salmonis collected in Scotland in 2018–2019, 89.4% showed DTM resistance in bioassays, while 93.6% expressed at least one of four mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously shown to be resistance associated. Genotyping at further 14 SNP loci allowed to define three resistance-associated mtDNA haplotypes, named 2, 3 and 4, occurring in 72.0%, 14.2% and 7.3% of samples, respectively. L. salmonis strains IoA-02 (haplotype 2) and IoA-10 (haplotype 3) both showed high levels (~ 100-fold) of DTM resistance, which was inherited maternally in crossing experiments. MtDNA haplotypes 2 and 3 differed in genotype for 17 of 18 studied SNPs, but shared one mutation that causes an amino acid change (Leu107Ser) in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) and was present in all DTM resistant while lacking in all susceptible parasites. We conclude that Leu107Ser (COX1) is a main genetic determinant of DTM resistance in L. salmonis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tschesche
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - David I Bassett
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Sally Boyd
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - James E Bron
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Armin Sturm
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
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11
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Moya MV, Kim RD, Rao MN, Cotto BA, Pickett SB, Sferrazza CE, Heintz N, Schmidt EF. Unique molecular features and cellular responses differentiate two populations of motor cortical layer 5b neurons in a preclinical model of ALS. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110556. [PMID: 35320722 PMCID: PMC9059890 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), lead to the selective degeneration of discrete cell types in the CNS despite the ubiquitous expression of many genes linked to disease. Therapeutic advancement depends on understanding the unique cellular adaptations that underlie pathology of vulnerable cells in the context of disease-causing mutations. Here, we employ bacTRAP molecular profiling to elucidate cell type-specific molecular responses of cortical upper motor neurons in a preclinical ALS model. Using two bacTRAP mouse lines that label distinct vulnerable or resilient projection neuron populations in motor cortex, we show that the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation (Oxphos) pathways is a common response in both cell types. However, differences in the baseline expression of genes involved in Oxphos and the handling of reactive oxygen species likely lead to the selective degeneration of the vulnerable cells. These results provide a framework to identify cell-type-specific processes in neurodegenerative disease. Moya et al. use bacTRAP mouse lines to characterize two highly related subpopulations of layer 5b projection neurons in motor cortex that are differentially susceptible to neurodegeneration in the SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS. They identify the regulation of genes involved in bioenergetics as a key factor regulating susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Moya
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rachel D Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Meghana N Rao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bianca A Cotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarah B Pickett
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Caroline E Sferrazza
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nathaniel Heintz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eric F Schmidt
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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12
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Tang W, Liu W, Wang Z, Hong H, Chen J. Machine learning models on chemical inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128067. [PMID: 34920224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals can induce adverse effects in humans by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) such as disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential, enhancing oxidative stress and causing some diseases. Thus, identifying ETC inhibitors (ETCi) is important to chemical risk assessment and protecting the public health. However, it is not feasible to identify all ETCi with experimental methods. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling is a promising method to rapidly and effectively identify ETCi. In this study, QSAR models for predicting ETCi were developed using machine learning methods. A clustering-based under-sampling (CBUS) method was developed to handle the imbalance issue in training sets. Structure-activity landscapes were generated and analyzed for training sets generated by the CBUS method. The consensus QSAR models constructed with CBUS achieved satisfactory performances (balanced accuracy = 0.852) in 100 iterations of five-fold cross validations, indicating the models can effectively classify ETCi. The classification model was further employed to screen chemicals in the Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances of China and 13 chemicals were identified as ETCi. Fifteen structural alerts for ETCi were identified in this study. These results demonstrated that the model and structural alerts are useful to screen ETCi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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13
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Ishigaki M, Kashiwagi S, Wakabayashi S, Hoshino Y. In situ assessment of mitochondrial respiratory activity and lipid metabolism of mouse oocytes using resonance Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2021; 146:7265-7273. [PMID: 34735555 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01106e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a method to determine the degree of oocyte maturation in metaphase II in situ based on the balance between mitochondrial respiratory activity and lipid metabolism using resonance Raman spectroscopy. A decrease in the respiratory activity of overmatured oocytes was indicated by the reduced intensities of the resonance Raman bands corresponding to reduced cytochrome c in the cytoplasm. Moreover, the increased lipid concentration in overmature oocytes indicated lower lipid metabolism with a decreased mitochondrial function. New indexes were defined in terms of the ratios of the representative Raman peak intensities of reduced cytochrome c (750 and 1127 cm-1) to those of lipids (1438 cm-1 ) and they successfully classify the oocytes into groups based on their quality, which varied with their maturation degree. The high development rate of embryos that were fertilized in vitro after laser irradiation showed that laser irradiation was noninvasive to oocytes. The evaluation of two factors in situ, the active respiration and lipid metabolism, means to catch the most fundamental biochemical reactions of life activities. Our results demonstrate the potential application of resonance Raman spectroscopy as a new, noninvasive, and universal cell evaluation technology, for not only oocytes but also more general cells such as somatic cells and iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ishigaki
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan. .,Raman Project Center for Medical and Biological Applications, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kashiwagi
- Bio/Life Science Project, Sales Division, HORIBA, Ltd, 2 Miyanohigashi-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan
| | - Satoru Wakabayashi
- Bio/Life Science Project, Sales Division, HORIBA, Ltd, 2 Miyanohigashi-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan
| | - Yumi Hoshino
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
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14
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Protective Effect of Mitochondrial ND2 C5178A Gene Mutation on Cell and Mitochondrial Functions. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4728714. [PMID: 34336093 PMCID: PMC8315857 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4728714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (MT-ND2) m. 5178C>A gene mutation has protective effects against various diseases, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In previous study, we found a heteroplasmy level of MT-ND2 m. 5178C>A mutation in normotensive controls. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from essential hypertension individuals carrying the mutation and healthy controls without gene mutation to establish immortalized lymphocyte lines. To investigate the effect of the MT-ND2 m. 5178C>A gene mutation, comparative analyses of the two group cell lines were performed, including measurements of cell proliferation, viability, ATP synthesis, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and oxidative phosphorylation. Results The cell proliferation rate and viability of the MT-ND2 m. 5178C>A mutant lymphocyte line were higher than those of the control group. Mitochondrial functions of the MT-ND2 m. 5178C>A mutant lymphocyte were increased, including increased ATP synthesis, decreased ROS production, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and Bcl-2 gene transcription and protein translation, decreased Caspase 3/7 activity, and decreased early apoptosis and late apoptosis. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of the mutant lymphocyte line was higher than that of the control group, including basal OCR, ATP-linked OCR, maximal OCR, proton leak OCR, and reserve OCR, and there was no significant difference in nonmitochondrial OCR. The activity of Mitochondrial Complex I of the mutant group was increased than that of the control group. Conclusions The MT-ND2 m. 5178C>A mutation is a protective mutation that may be related to improvement of mitochondrial functions and decrease in apoptosis.
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15
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Cole SL, Chandra R, Harris M, Patel I, Wang T, Kim H, Jensen L, Russo SJ, Turecki G, Gancarz-Kausch AM, Dietz DM, Lobo MK. Cocaine-induced neuron subtype mitochondrial dynamics through Egr3 transcriptional regulation. Mol Brain 2021; 14:101. [PMID: 34187517 PMCID: PMC8240292 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is required for brain energy homeostasis and neuroadaptation. Recent studies demonstrate that cocaine affects mitochondrial dynamics and morphological characteristics within the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Further, mitochondria are differentially regulated by cocaine in dopamine receptor-1 containing medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) vs dopamine receptor-2 (D2)-MSNs. However, there is little understanding into cocaine-induced transcriptional mechanisms and their role in regulating mitochondrial processes. Here, we demonstrate that cocaine enhances binding of the transcription factor, early growth response factor 3 (Egr3), to nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial function and dynamics. Moreover, cocaine exposure regulates mRNA of these mitochondria-associated nuclear genes in both contingent or noncontingent cocaine administration and in both rodent models and human postmortem tissue. Interestingly, several mitochondrial nuclear genes showed distinct profiles of expression in D1-MSNs vs D2-MSNs, with cocaine exposure generally increasing mitochondrial-associated nuclear gene expression in D1-MSNs vs suppression in D2-MSNs. Further, blunting Egr3 expression in D1-MSNs blocks cocaine-enhancement of the mitochondrial-associated transcriptional coactivator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC1α), and the mitochondrial fission molecule, dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1). Finally, reduction of D1-MSN Egr3 expression attenuates cocaine-induced enhancement of small-sized mitochondria, causally demonstrating that Egr3 regulates mitochondrial morphological adaptations. Collectively, these studies demonstrate cocaine exposure impacts mitochondrial dynamics and morphology by Egr3 transcriptional regulation of mitochondria-related nuclear gene transcripts; indicating roles for these molecular mechanisms in neuronal function and plasticity occurring with cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Cole
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Maya Harris
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ishan Patel
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Torrance Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hyunjae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Leah Jensen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences At the Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amy M Gancarz-Kausch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Research Institution On Addictions, State University of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - David M Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Research Institution On Addictions, State University of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mary Kay Lobo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Noninvasive Analysis Using Data-Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry: New Epidermal Proteins That Reveal Sex Differences in the Aging Process. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/8849328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of mass spectrometry has provided a method with extremely high sensitivity and selectivity that can be used to identify protein biomarkers. Epidermal proteins, lipids, and cornified envelopes are involved in the formation of the skin epidermal barrier. The epidermal protein composition changes with age. Therefore, quantitative proteomic changes may be indicative of skin aging. We sought to utilize data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry for noninvasive analysis of epidermal proteins in healthy Chinese individuals of different age groups and sexes. In our study, we completed high-throughput protein detection, analyzed protein differences with MaxQuant software, and performed statistical analyses of the proteome. We obtained interesting findings regarding ceruloplasmin (CP), which exhibited significant differences and is involved in ferroptosis, a signaling pathway significantly associated with aging. There were also several proteins that differed between sexes in the younger group, but the sex differences disappeared with aging. These proteins, which were associated with both aging processes and sex differences, are involved in signaling pathways such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, and genomic stability and can serve as candidate biomarkers for sex differences during aging. Our approach for noninvasive detection of epidermal proteins and its application to accurately quantify protein expression can provide ideas for future epidermal proteomics studies.
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17
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Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Antioxidant Metalloenzymes and Therapeutic Strategies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030437. [PMID: 33809730 PMCID: PMC8002298 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord and leads to death due to respiratory failure within three to five years. Although the clinical symptoms of this disease were first described in 1869 and it is the most common motor neuron disease and the most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged individuals, the exact etiopathogenesis of ALS remains unclear and it remains incurable. However, free oxygen radicals (i.e., molecules containing one or more free electrons) are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease as they very readily bind intracellular structures, leading to functional impairment. Antioxidant enzymes, which are often metalloenzymes, inactivate free oxygen radicals by converting them into a less harmful substance. One of the most important antioxidant enzymes is Cu2+Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which is mutated in 20% of cases of the familial form of ALS (fALS) and up to 7% of sporadic ALS (sALS) cases. In addition, the proper functioning of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is essential for antioxidant protection. In this review article, we focus on the mechanisms through which these enzymes are involved in the antioxidant response to oxidative stress and thus the pathogenesis of ALS and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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18
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Li S, Zhou Y, Gu X, Zhang X, Jia Z. NLRX1/FUNDC1/NIPSNAP1-2 axis regulates mitophagy and alleviates intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12986. [PMID: 33432610 PMCID: PMC7941235 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitophagy is considered to be a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of intestinal ischaemic reperfusion (IR) injury. NOD-like receptor X1 (NLRX1) is located in the mitochondria and is highly expressed in the intestine, and is known to modulate ROS production, mitochondrial damage, autophagy and apoptosis. However, the function of NLRX1 in intestinal IR injury is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS NLRX1 in rats with IR injury or in IEC-6 cells with hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) injury were measured by Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The function of NLRX1-FUNDC1-NIPSNAP1/NIPSNAP2 axis in mitochondrial homeostasis and cell apoptosis were assessed in vitro. RESULTS NLRX1 is significantly downregulated following intestinal IR injury. In vivo studies showed that rats overexpressing NLRX1 exhibited resistance against intestinal IR injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. These beneficial effects of NLRX1 overexpression were dependent on mitophagy activation. Functional studies showed that HR injury reduced NLRX1 expression, which promoted phosphorylation of FUN14 domain-containing 1 (FUNDC1). Based on immunoprecipitation studies, it was evident that phosphorylated FUNDC1 could not interact with the mitophagy signalling proteins NIPSNAP1 and NIPSNAP2 on the outer membrane of damaged mitochondria, which failed to launch the mitophagy process, resulting in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and epithelial apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS NLRX1 regulates mitophagy via FUNDC1-NIPSNAP1/NIPSNAP2 signalling pathway. Thus, this study provides a potential target for the development of a therapeutic strategy for intestinal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqin Li
- Department of Interventional and Vascular SurgeryChangzhou No. 2 People's HospitalChangzhouChina
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Interventional and Vascular SurgeryChangzhou No. 2 People's HospitalChangzhouChina
| | - Xiaocheng Gu
- Department of Interventional and Vascular SurgeryChangzhou No. 2 People's HospitalChangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear MedicineShanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Center of Thyroid DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhongzhi Jia
- Department of Interventional and Vascular SurgeryChangzhou No. 2 People's HospitalChangzhouChina
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19
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Coenzyme Q 10 Analogues: Benefits and Challenges for Therapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020236. [PMID: 33557229 PMCID: PMC7913973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 or ubiquinone) is a mobile proton and electron carrier of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with antioxidant properties widely used as an antiaging health supplement and to relieve the symptoms of many pathological conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Even though the hegemony of CoQ10 in the context of antioxidant-based treatments is undeniable, the future primacy of this quinone is hindered by the promising features of its numerous analogues. Despite the unimpeachable performance of CoQ10 therapies, problems associated with their administration and intraorganismal delivery has led clinicians and scientists to search for alternative derivative molecules. Over the past few years, a wide variety of CoQ10 analogues with improved properties have been developed. These analogues conserve the antioxidant features of CoQ10 but present upgraded characteristics such as water solubility or enhanced mitochondrial accumulation. Moreover, recent studies have proven that some of these analogues might even outperform CoQ10 in the treatment of certain specific diseases. The aim of this review is to provide detailed information about these Coenzyme Q10 analogues, as well as their functionality and medical applications.
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20
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Resistance Training in Hypoxia as a New Therapeutic Modality for Sarcopenia-A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020106. [PMID: 33573198 PMCID: PMC7912455 DOI: 10.3390/life11020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic training is believed to be generally useful for improving exercise performance in various athletes. Nowadays, exercise intervention in hypoxia is recognized as a new therapeutic modality for health promotion and disease prevention or treatment based on the lower mortality and prevalence of people living in high-altitude environments than those living in low-altitude environments. Recently, resistance training in hypoxia (RTH), a new therapeutic modality combining hypoxia and resistance exercise, has been attempted to improve muscle hypertrophy and muscle function. RTH is known to induce greater muscle size, lean mass, increased muscle strength and endurance, bodily function, and angiogenesis of skeletal muscles than traditional resistance exercise. Therefore, we examined previous studies to understand the clinical and physiological aspects of sarcopenia and RTH for muscular function and hypertrophy. However, few investigations have examined the combined effects of hypoxic stress and resistance exercise, and as such, it is difficult to make recommendations for implementing universal RTH programs for sarcopenia based on current understanding. It should also be acknowledged that a number of mechanisms proposed to facilitate the augmented response to RTH remain poorly understood, particularly the role of metabolic, hormonal, and intracellular signaling pathways. Further RTH intervention studies considering various exercise parameters (e.g., load, recovery time between sets, hypoxic dose, and intervention period) are strongly recommended to reinforce knowledge about the adaptational processes and the effects of this type of resistance training for sarcopenia in older people.
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21
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Lippert AR, Dickinson BC, New EJ. Imaging Mitochondrial Hydrogen Peroxide in Living Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2275:127-140. [PMID: 34118035 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1262-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced from mitochondria is intimately involved in human health and disease, but is challenging to selectively monitor inside living systems. The fluorescent probe MitoPY1 provides a practical tool for imaging mitochondrial H2O2 and has been demonstrated to function in a variety of diverse cell types. In this chapter, we describe the synthetic preparation of the small molecule probe MitoPY1 , methods for validating this probe in vitro and in live cells, and an example procedure for measuring mitochondrial H2O2 in a cell culture model of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Lippert
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, Design, and Delivery (CD4), Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bryan C Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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22
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Ikawa M, Okazawa H, Yoneda M. Molecular imaging for mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress in mitochondrial diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129832. [PMID: 33358866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence from pathological and biochemical investigations suggests that mitochondrial metabolic impairment and oxidative stress play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases, such as mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, and various neurodegenerative disorders. Recent advances in molecular imaging technology with positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have accomplished a direct and non-invasive evaluation of the pathophysiological changes in living patients. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review, we focus on the latest achievements of molecular imaging for mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress in mitochondrial diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Molecular imaging with PET and MRI exhibited mitochondrial metabolic changes, such as enhanced glucose utilization with lactic acid fermentation, suppressed fatty acid metabolism, decreased TCA-cycle metabolism, impaired respiratory chain activity, and increased oxidative stress, in patients with MELAS syndrome. In addition, PET imaging clearly demonstrated enhanced cerebral oxidative stress in patients with Parkinson's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The magnitude of oxidative stress correlated well with clinical severity in patients, indicating that oxidative stress based on mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the neurodegenerative changes in these diseases. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Molecular imaging is a promising tool to improve our knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and this would facilitate the development of potential antioxidants and mitochondrial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Ikawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Community Healthcare, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Hidehiko Okazawa
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoneda
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Faculty of Nursing and Social Welfare Science, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
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PET Imaging for Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090861. [PMID: 32937849 PMCID: PMC7554831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress based on mitochondrial dysfunction is assumed to be the principal molecular mechanism for the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders. However, the effects of oxidative stress on the neurodegeneration process in living patients remain to be elucidated. Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) can directly evaluate subtle biological changes, including the redox status. The present review focuses on recent advances in PET imaging for oxidative stress, in particular the use of the Cu-ATSM radioligand, in neurodegenerative disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Since reactive oxygen species are mostly generated by leakage of excess electrons from an over-reductive state due to mitochondrial respiratory chain impairment, PET with 62Cu-ATSM, the accumulation of which depends on an over-reductive state, is able to image oxidative stress. 62Cu-ATSM PET studies demonstrated enhanced oxidative stress in the disease-related brain regions of patients with mitochondrial disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Furthermore, the magnitude of oxidative stress increased with disease severity, indicating that oxidative stress based on mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to promoting neurodegeneration in these diseases. Oxidative stress imaging has improved our insights into the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders, and is a promising tool for monitoring further antioxidant therapies.
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Kumar AP, Jose JA, Prabitha P, Yuvaraj S, Chipurupalli S, Jeyarani V, Manisha C, Banerjee S, Jeyabalan JB, Mohankumar SK, Dhanabal SP, Justin A. Minutes of PPAR-γ agonism and neuroprotection. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104814. [PMID: 32758586 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is one of the ligand-activated transcription factors which regulates a number of central events and considered as a promising target for various neurodegenerative disease conditions. Numerous reports implicate that PPAR-γ agonists have shown neuroprotective effects by regulating genes transcription associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In regards, this review critically appraises the recent knowledge of PPAR-γ receptors in neuroprotection in order to hypothesize potential neuroprotective mechanism of PPAR-γ agonism in chronic neurological conditions. Of note, the PPAR-γ's interaction dynamics with PPAR-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) has gained significant attention for neuroprotection. Likewise, a plethora of studies suggest that the PPAR-γ pathway can be actuated by the endogenous ligands present in the CNS and thus identification and development of novel agonist for the PPAR-γ receptor holds a vow to prevent neurodegeneration. Together, the critical insights of this review enlighten the translational possibilities of developing novel neuroprotective therapeutics targeting PPAR-γ for various neurodegenerative disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jincy A Jose
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandhya Chipurupalli
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Victoria Jeyarani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chennu Manisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sayani Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeyaram Bharathi Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Mohankumar
- TIFAC CORE in HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S P Dhanabal
- TIFAC CORE in HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India.
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25
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Zeng Z, Liu HM, Zhang YY, Chen R, Sun T, Li W, Sun Q, Xia ZY, Meng QT. Aggravated intestinal ischemia‑reperfusion injury is associated with activated mitochondrial autophagy in a mouse model of diabetes. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1892-1900. [PMID: 32582983 PMCID: PMC7411361 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that diabetes is associated with an increased susceptibility to cardiac ischemia- reperfusion injury; however, the mechanism underlying the role of diabetes during intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) has yet to be elucidated. The present study evaluated the intestinal pathological alterations and possible underlying mechanisms in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes mellitus with IIR. The effects of diabetes were investigated by assessing the histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine levels in intestine tissues and blood plasma, and protein expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase (PINK1), Parkin and the ratio of light chain 3B (LC3B) II/I. The results demonstrated that diabetes increased the Chiu's intestinal injury score, concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and levels of oxidative stress. Furthermore, the alterations were more pronounced in the diabetes with IIR group. The expression levels of PINK1 and Parkin, as well as the ratio of LC3BII/I, were significantly upregulated in the IIR group compared with the Sham group. Diabetes activated PINK1 and Parkin, and increased the expression of LC3BII. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy revealed that mitochondrial destruction and the number of autophagosomes was increased in the diabetic groups compared with the non-diabetic groups. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that diabetes increased intestinal vulnerability to IIR by enhancing inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, IIR was associated with overactivation of mitochondrial autophagy; therefore, the increased vulnerability to IIR-induced intestine damage due to diabetes may be associated with PINK1/Parkin-regulated mitochondrial autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Tao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Manabe T, Matsumura A, Yokokawa K, Saito T, Fujikura M, Iwahara N, Matsushita T, Suzuki S, Hisahara S, Kawamata J, Suzuki H, Emoto MC, Fujii HG, Shimohama S. Evaluation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in the Brain of a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease by in vitro Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:1079-1087. [PMID: 30714961 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases responsible for progressive dementia. Deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain is the most important pathophysiological hallmark of AD. In addition, recent evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from mitochondria contribute to progression of AD pathology. We thus hypothesized that Aβ accumulates and oxidative stress increases in the brain mitochondria of a transgenic mouse model of AD (APdE9). We measured the quantity of Aβ and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain mitochondrial fractions prepared from APdE9 and wild-type (WT) mice aged 6, 9, 15, and 18 months. We also quantified the age-related changes in redox status in the mitochondrial fractions obtained from both APdE9 and WT mouse brains by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry using a paramagnetic nitroxide "Mito-Tempo" [(2-(2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl) triphenylphosphonium chloride monohydrate] as a mitochondria-targeted redox-sensitive probe. In APdE9 mice, Aβ accumulated in brain mitochondria earlier than in the non-mitochondrial fraction of the brain. Furthermore, increased oxidative stress was demonstrated in brain mitochondria of APdE9 mice by in vitro SOD assay as well as EPR spectroscopy. EPR combined with a mitochondria-targeted redox-sensitive nitroxide probe is a potentially powerful tool to elucidate the etiology of AD and facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Manabe
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsumura
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yokokawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taro Saito
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mai Fujikura
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Iwahara
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsushita
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Syuuichirou Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shin Hisahara
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jun Kawamata
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miho C Emoto
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Shun Shimohama
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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Theppawong A, Van de Walle T, Van Hecke K, Grootaert C, Van Camp J, D'hooghe M. Synthesis of 1,4-Thiazepane-Based Curcuminoids with Promising Anticancer Activity. Chemistry 2019; 25:12583-12600. [PMID: 31283064 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, the main component of turmeric (Curcuma longa) is known to display an interesting bioactivity profile, including pronounced anticancer properties. However, its low bioavailability, metabolic instability and nonspecific activity are concerns that have to be addressed before curcuminoids can be considered for therapeutic applications. Within that framework, intensive research has been carried out in the last decades to develop new curcumin derivatives, generally centered on standard modifications of the sp2 curcumin framework, with the aim to augment its bioavailability while maintaining or improving its anticancer properties. To find potential hit molecules by moving away from the classical flat curcumin framework, we investigated an unexplored modification to produce novel, out-of-plane 1,4-thiazepane-based curcuminoids and assessed the impact of this modification on the biological activity. In this way, 21 new, structurally diverse thiazepane scaffolds (4-aryl-1-(7-aryl-1,4-thiazepan-5-ylidene)but-3-en-2-ones) were synthesized, as well as some biologically interesting unexpected reaction products (such as 5-aryl-6-arylmethylene-3-ethoxycyclohex-2-en-1-ones and 4-acetyl-5-aryl-2-(3-arylacryloyl)-3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ones). All these analogues were subsequently tested on their antioxidant capacity, their cytotoxicity properties and their ROS (reactive oxygen species) production. Many compounds demonstrated interesting activities, with ten curcuminoids, whereof eight 1,4-thiazepane-based, showing better antiproliferative properties compared to their mother compounds, as well as an increased ROS production. This unprecedented 3D curcumin modification has thus delivered promising new hit compounds with good activity profiles eligible for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiruj Theppawong
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Van de Walle
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- nutriFOODchem, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- nutriFOODchem, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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28
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Lambert JRA, Howe SJ, Rahim AA, Burke DG, Heales SJR. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I Impairs Release of α-Galactosidase by Jurkat Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4349. [PMID: 31491876 PMCID: PMC6770804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is caused by mutations in the GLA gene that encodes lysosomal α-galactosidase-A (α-gal-A). A number of pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed and these include loss of mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. For FD, gene therapy is beginning to be applied as a treatment. In view of the loss of mitochondrial function reported in FD, we have considered here the impact of loss of mitochondrial respiratory chain activity on the ability of a GLA lentiviral vector to increase cellular α-gal-A activity and participate in cross correction. Jurkat cells were used in this study and were exposed to increasing viral copies. Intracellular and extracellular enzyme activities were then determined; this in the presence or absence of the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, rotenone. The ability of cells to take up released enzyme was also evaluated. Increasing transgene copies was associated with increasing intracellular α-gal-A activity but this was associated with an increase in Km. Release of enzyme and cellular uptake was also demonstrated. However, in the presence of rotenone, enzyme release was inhibited by 37%. Excessive enzyme generation may result in a protein with inferior kinetic properties and a background of compromised mitochondrial function may impair the cross correction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R A Lambert
- Enzyme Unit Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Steven J Howe
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Ahad A Rahim
- University College London School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Derek G Burke
- Enzyme Unit Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Simon J R Heales
- Enzyme Unit Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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29
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Scudamore O, Ciossek T. Increased Oxidative Stress Exacerbates α-Synuclein Aggregation In Vivo. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 77:443-453. [PMID: 29718367 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a relationship between oxidative stress and α-synuclein aggregation, the primary pathological hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD). However, a direct causal relationship has not yet been established in vivo in mouse models of PD. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is rate limiting in the antioxidant machinery of the mitochondria and even its partial deficiency elevates oxidative stress in mice. Therefore, in order to investigate a possible interaction between oxidative stress and α-synuclein aggregation in vivo, a transgenic model of PD with haplodeficiency for SOD2 was generated on the basis of the well-characterized murine (Thy-1)-h[A30P]-α-synuclein transgenic line. In comparison with littermate controls with full SOD2 capacity, α-synuclein transgenic mice with partial SOD2 deficiency exhibited a significantly more advanced stage of synucleinopathy at 16 months, as demonstrated by higher median PK-PET blot scores (p < 0.01) and a greater amount of truncated α-synuclein in the insoluble fraction of homogenized brains (p < 0.05). These results show that compromising the capacity to scavenge free radicals can exacerbate α-synuclein aggregation, indicating that elevated levels of oxidative stress could modulate the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Scudamore
- CNS Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Thomas Ciossek
- CNS Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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30
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Vascular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Major Triggers for Cardiovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7092151. [PMID: 31341533 PMCID: PMC6612399 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7092151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and reduced quality of life, proven by the latest data of the Global Burden of Disease Study, and is only gaining in prevalence worldwide. Clinical trials have identified chronic inflammatory disorders as cardiovascular risks, and recent research has revealed a contribution by various inflammatory cells to vascular oxidative stress. Atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease are closely associated with inflammation, probably due to the close interaction of inflammation with oxidative stress. Classical therapies for inflammatory disorders have demonstrated protective effects in various models of cardiovascular disease; especially established drugs with pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties have proven beneficial cardiovascular effects; normalization of oxidative stress seems to be a common feature of these therapies. The close link between inflammation and redox balance was also supported by reports on aggravated inflammatory phenotype in the absence of antioxidant defense proteins (e.g., superoxide dismutases, heme oxygenase-1, and glutathione peroxidases) or overexpression of reactive oxygen species producing enzymes (e.g., NADPH oxidases). The value of immunomodulation for the treatment of cardiovascular disease was recently supported by large-scale clinical trials demonstrating reduced cardiovascular mortality in patients with established atherosclerotic disease when treated by highly specific anti-inflammatory therapies (e.g., using monoclonal antibodies against cytokines). Modern antidiabetic cardiovascular drugs (e.g., SGLT2 inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, and GLP-1 analogs) seem to share these immunomodulatory properties and display potent antioxidant effects, all of which may explain their successful lowering of cardiovascular risk.
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31
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Wu YJ, Su TR, Dai GF, Su JH, Liu CI. Flaccidoxide-13-Acetate-Induced Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells is through Activation of p38/JNK, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Pathway. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050287. [PMID: 31086026 PMCID: PMC6562797 DOI: 10.3390/md17050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaccidoxide-13-acetate, an active compound isolated from cultured-type soft coral Sinularia gibberosa, has been shown to have inhibitory effects against invasion and cell migration of RT4 and T24 human bladder cancer cells. In our study, we used an 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation assay, and flow cytometry to determine the mechanisms of the anti-tumor effect of flaccidoxide-13-acetate. The MTT and colony formation assays showed that the cytotoxic effect of flaccidoxide-13-acetate on T24 and RT4 cells was dose-dependent, and the number of colonies formed in the culture was reduced with increasing flaccidoxide-13-acetate concentration. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that flaccidoxide-13-acetate induced late apoptotic events in both cell lines. Additionally, we found that flaccidoxide-13-acetate treatment upregulated the expressions of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, Bax, and Bad, and down-regulated the expressions of Bcl-2, p-Bad, Bcl-x1, and Mcl-1. The results indicated that apoptotic events were mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction via the caspase-dependent pathway. Flaccidoxide-13-acetate also provoked endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and led to activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF6-CHOP pathway. Moreover, we examined the PI3K/AKT signal pathway, and found that the expressions of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K) and AKT (p-AKT) were decreased with flaccidoxide-13-acetate concentrations. On the other hand, our results showed that the phosphorylated JNK and p38 were obviously activated. The results support the idea that flaccidoxide-13-acetate-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and activation of both the p38 and JNK pathways, and also relies on inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling. These findings imply that flaccidoxide-13-acetate has potential in the development of chemotherapeutic agents for human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
- Yu Jun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung 81363, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Rong Su
- Antai Medical Care Cooperation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung 92842, Taiwan.
| | - Guo-Fong Dai
- Department of Biological Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
- Yu Jun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung 81363, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-I Liu
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
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32
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Cruciani S, Santaniello S, Garroni G, Fadda A, Balzano F, Bellu E, Sarais G, Fais G, Mulas M, Maioli M. Myrtus Polyphenols, from Antioxidants to Anti-Inflammatory Molecules: Exploring a Network Involving Cytochromes P450 and Vitamin D. Molecules 2019; 24:E1515. [PMID: 30999678 PMCID: PMC6515124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response represents one of the main mechanisms of healing and tissue function restoration. On the other hand, chronic inflammation leads to excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the onset of several diseases. Oxidative stress condition may contribute in worsening inflammatory state fall, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytokines release. Polyphenols can counteract inflammation and oxidative stress, modulating the release of toxic molecules and interacting with physiological defenses, such as cytochromes p450 enzymes. In this paper, we aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of different concentrations of Myrtus communis L. pulp and seeds extracts, derived from liquor industrial production, on human fibroblasts. We determined ROS production after oxidative stress induction by H2O2 treatment, and the gene expression of different proinflammatory cytokines. We also analyzed the expression of CYP3A4 and CYP27B1 genes, in order to evaluate the capability of Myrtus polyphenols to influence the metabolic regulation of other molecules, including drugs, ROS, and vitamin D. Our results showed that Myrtus extracts exert a synergic effect with vitamin D in reducing inflammation and ROS production, protecting cells from oxidative stress damages. Moreover, the extracts modulate CYPs expression, preventing chronic inflammation and suggesting their use in development of new therapeutic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cruciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Sara Santaniello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Garroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Angela Fadda
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), traversa la Crucca, 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Francesca Balzano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Bellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Sarais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Mulas
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Via De Nicola 9, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
- Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming- CEDEBIOR, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
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Occelli F, Hasselmann F, Bourien J, Eybalin M, Puel J, Desvignes N, Wiszniowski B, Edeline JM, Gourévitch B. Age-related Changes in Auditory Cortex Without Detectable Peripheral Alterations: A Multi-level Study in Sprague–Dawley Rats. Neuroscience 2019; 404:184-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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34
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Wang QL, Guo C, Qi J, Ma JH, Liu FY, Lin SQ, Zhang CY, Xie WD, Zhuang JJ, Li X. Protective effects of 3β-angeloyloxy-8β, 10β-dihydroxyeremophila-7(11)-en-12, 8α-lactone on paraquat-induced oxidative injury in SH-SY5Y cells. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:364-376. [PMID: 29355039 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1423057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
3β-Angeloyloxy-8β,10β-dihydroxyeremophila-7(11)-en-12,8α-lactone (FJ1) inhibited effectively paraquat (PQ)-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. In this way, FJ1 was shown to reverse the PQ-induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the release of cytochrome c. The mechanism was associated with a reduction of oxidative stress, including the decrease in the levels of ROS and MDA and maintaining the activity of SOD and GSH. Taken together, findings revealed that FJ1 had protective effects against PQ-induced injury via attenuating the oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells, which suggested that FJ1 might be a candidate for further evaluation against neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Wang
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Chao Guo
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Jie Qi
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Jia-Hui Ma
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Shi-Qi Lin
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Cai-Yun Zhang
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | - Wei-Dong Xie
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
| | | | - Xia Li
- a Marine College, Shandong University , Weihai 264209 , China
- b School of Pharmaceutical Science , Shandong University , Jinan 250012 , China
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35
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Moura J, Madureira P, Leal EC, Fonseca AC, Carvalho E. Immune aging in diabetes and its implications in wound healing. Clin Immunol 2019; 200:43-54. [PMID: 30735729 PMCID: PMC7322932 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune systems have evolved to recognize and eliminate pathogens and damaged cells. In humans, it is estimated to recognize 109 epitopes and natural selection ensures that clonally expanded cells replace unstimulated cells and overall immune cell numbers remain stationary. But, with age, it faces continuous repertoire restriction and concomitant accumulation of primed cells. Changes shaping the aging immune system have bitter consequences because, as inflammatory responses gain intensity and duration, tissue-damaging immunity and inflammatory disease arise. During inflammation, the glycolytic flux cannot cope with increasing ATP demands, limiting the immune response's extent. In diabetes, higher glucose availability stretches the glycolytic limit, dysregulating proteostasis and increasing T-cell expansion. Long-term hyperglycemia exerts an accumulating effect, leading to higher inflammatory cytokine levels and increased cytotoxic mediator secretion upon infection, a phenomenon known as diabetic chronic inflammation. Here we review the etiology of diabetic chronic inflammation and its consequences on wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Moura
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - P Madureira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Immunethep, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - E C Leal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A C Fonseca
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
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Theppawong A, Van de Walle T, Grootaert C, Van Hecke K, Catry N, Desmet T, Van Camp J, D'hooghe M. Synthesis of Non-Symmetrical Nitrogen-Containing Curcuminoids in the Pursuit of New Anticancer Candidates. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:236-247. [PMID: 30847262 PMCID: PMC6392825 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is known to display pronounced anticancer effects and a variety of other biological activities. However, the low bioavailability and fast metabolism of this molecule present an issue of concern with respect to its medicinal applications. To address this issue, structural modifications of the curcumin scaffold can be envisioned as a strategy to improve both the solubility and stability of this chemical entity, without compromising its biological activities. Previous work in our group targeted the synthesis of symmetrical azaheteroaromatic curcuminoids, which showed better solubility and cytotoxicity profiles compared to curcumin. In continuation of that work, we now focused on the synthesis of non-symmetrical nitrogen-containing curcuminoids bearing both a phenolic and an azaheteroaromatic moiety. In that way, we aimed to combine good solubility, antioxidant potential and cytotoxic properties into one molecule. Some derivatives were selected for further chemical modification of their rather labile β-diketone scaffold to the corresponding pyrazole moiety. In this way, thirteen new non-symmetrical aza-aromatic curcuminoids and four pyrazole-based analogues were successfully synthesized in a yield of 11-69 %. All newly synthesized analogues were evaluated for their antioxidant properties, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, water solubility and anticancer activities. Several novel derivatives displayed good cytotoxicity profiles compared to curcumin, in combination with an improved water solubility and stability, and were thus identified as potential hit scaffolds for further optimization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiruj Theppawong
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GhentBelgium
| | - Tim Van de Walle
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GhentBelgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GhentBelgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281, S3B-9000GhentBelgium
| | - Nathalie Catry
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GhentBelgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Coupure Links 653, 9000GhentBelgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GhentBelgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GhentBelgium
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Tyurina YY, Shrivastava I, Tyurin VA, Mao G, Dar HH, Watkins S, Epperly M, Bahar I, Shvedova AA, Pitt B, Wenzel SE, Mallampalli RK, Sadovsky Y, Gabrilovich D, Greenberger JS, Bayır H, Kagan VE. "Only a Life Lived for Others Is Worth Living": Redox Signaling by Oxygenated Phospholipids in Cell Fate Decisions. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1333-1358. [PMID: 28835115 PMCID: PMC6157439 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxygenated polyunsaturated lipids are known to play multi-functional roles as essential signals coordinating metabolism and physiology. Among them are well-studied eicosanoids and docosanoids that are generated via phospholipase A2 hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and subsequent oxygenation of free polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) by cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases. Recent Advances: There is an emerging understanding that oxygenated PUFA-phospholipids also represent a rich signaling language with yet-to-be-deciphered details of the execution machinery-oxygenating enzymes, regulators, and receptors. Both free and esterified oxygenated PUFA signals are generated in cells, and their cross-talk and inter-conversion through the de-acylation/re-acylation reactions is not sufficiently explored. CRITICAL ISSUES Here, we review recent data related to oxygenated phospholipids as important damage signals that trigger programmed cell death pathways to eliminate irreparably injured cells and preserve the health of multicellular environments. We discuss the mechanisms underlying the trans-membrane redistribution and generation of oxygenated cardiolipins in mitochondria by cytochrome c as pro-apoptotic signals. We also consider the role of oxygenated phosphatidylethanolamines as proximate pro-ferroptotic signals. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We highlight the importance of sequential processes of phospholipid oxygenation and signaling in disease contexts as opportunities to use their regulatory mechanisms for the identification of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Y. Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Indira Shrivastava
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vladimir A. Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gaowei Mao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Haider H. Dar
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Epperly
- Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna A. Shvedova
- Exposure Assessment Branch/NIOSH/CDC, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Bruce Pitt
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sally E. Wenzel
- Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Asthma Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rama K. Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Hülya Bayır
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Valerian E. Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Weanling Offspring of Dams Maintained on Serine-Deficient Diet Are Vulnerable to Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8026496. [PMID: 30305866 PMCID: PMC6165615 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8026496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Serine plays an important role in the antioxidant defense system. However, the effects of maternal serine deficiency on the antioxidant ability of weanling offspring have not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the oxidative status of offspring of dams that are maintained on serine-deficient diet and subjected to diquat challenge. Individual pregnant animals were randomly divided into two dietary groups, namely, the control diet group and the serine- and glycine-deficient diet group. Samples were collected from weanling offspring at the age of 3 weeks after diquat challenge. Our results showed that maternal serine deficiency did not affect the levels of antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen species, as well as the expression of cellular and mitochondrial stress markers (Hspd1 and Hspa1a), which indicated that maternal serine deficiency did not affect basal oxidative status in weanling offspring. However, the weanling offspring were found to be vulnerable to oxidative challenges. Furthermore, our results suggested that the dysfunctional antioxidant system in response to oxidative stress in offspring of dams fed with serine-deficient diet was primarily caused by reduced availability of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Furthermore, impairment of the antioxidant defense system caused by maternal serine deficiency was mediated by the Akt/AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. Our results indicated that maternal serine availability is important for maintaining antioxidant defense against oxidative challenge in weanling offspring.
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Stromal interaction molecule 1 is required for neonatal testicular development in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:909-915. [PMID: 30224062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum protein, and it serves as a Ca2+ sensor and activator of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We have previously identified STIM1 in the proteome profile of mice neonatal testes, revealing STIM1 to be associated with neonatal testicular development. Here, to further explore the location and function of STIM1 in mice testes, we studied the effect of Stim1 gene knockdown on neonatal testicular development by testicular culture. Our results revealed that STIM1 was primarily located in Sertoli cells. Knockdown of Stim1 gene using morpholino in neonatal testis caused the mislocation of Sertoli cells and loss of germ cells, which were associated with the aberrant reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation, while inhibition of ROS could partly rescue the phenotypes caused by Stim1 gene knockdown. In conclusion, our study suggests that STIM1 can maintain neonatal testicular development by inhibiting ROS activation.
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Formella I, Svahn AJ, Radford RAW, Don EK, Cole NJ, Hogan A, Lee A, Chung RS, Morsch M. Real-time visualization of oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration of individual spinal motor neurons in vivo. Redox Biol 2018; 19:226-234. [PMID: 30193184 PMCID: PMC6126400 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been shown to be important for many physiological processes, ranging from cell differentiation to apoptosis. With the development of the genetically encoded photosensitiser KillerRed (KR) it is now possible to efficiently produce ROS dose-dependently in a specific cell type upon green light illumination. Zebrafish are the ideal vertebrate animal model for these optogenetic methods because of their transparency and efficient transgenesis. Here we describe a zebrafish model that expresses membrane-targeted KR selectively in motor neurons. We show that KR-activated neurons in the spinal cord undergo stress and cell death after induction of ROS. Using single-cell resolution and time-lapse confocal imaging, we selectively induced neurodegeneration in KR-expressing neurons leading to characteristic signs of apoptosis and cell death. We furthermore illustrate a targeted microglia response to the induction site as part of a physiological response within the zebrafish spinal cord. Our data demonstrate the successful implementation of KR mediated ROS toxicity in motor neurons in vivo and has important implications for studying the effects of ROS in a variety of conditions within the central nervous system, including aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Motor neurons can be targeted for oxidative stress using optogenetics in zebrafish. KillerRed expressing neurons undergo characteristic sequence of neurodegeneration. Targeted neurons show microglial activation as part of the physiological response. ROS toxicity has important implications for mechanisms driving neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Formella
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam J Svahn
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rowan A W Radford
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily K Don
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Cole
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alison Hogan
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Marco Morsch
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Testosterone alleviates mitochondrial ROS accumulation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in the gastric mucosa of orchiectomized rats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 649:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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42
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Real-time multiparameter study of mitochondrial functions: Instrumental and analytical approaches. Anal Biochem 2018; 552:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Xia M, Huang R, Shi Q, Boyd WA, Zhao J, Sun N, Rice JR, Dunlap PE, Hackstadt AJ, Bridge MF, Smith MV, Dai S, Zheng W, Chu PH, Gerhold D, Witt KL, DeVito M, Freedman JH, Austin CP, Houck KA, Thomas RS, Paules RS, Tice RR, Simeonov A. Comprehensive Analyses and Prioritization of Tox21 10K Chemicals Affecting Mitochondrial Function by in-Depth Mechanistic Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:077010. [PMID: 30059008 PMCID: PMC6112376 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A central challenge in toxicity testing is the large number of chemicals in commerce that lack toxicological assessment. In response, the Tox21 program is re-focusing toxicity testing from animal studies to less expensive and higher throughput in vitro methods using target/pathway-specific, mechanism-driven assays. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to use an in-depth mechanistic study approach to prioritize and characterize the chemicals affecting mitochondrial function. METHODS We used a tiered testing approach to prioritize for more extensive testing 622 compounds identified from a primary, quantitative high-throughput screen of 8,300 unique small molecules, including drugs and industrial chemicals, as potential mitochondrial toxicants by their ability to significantly decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Based on results from secondary MMP assays in HepG2 cells and rat hepatocytes, 34 compounds were selected for testing in tertiary assays that included formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), upregulation of p53 and nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE), mitochondrial oxygen consumption, cellular Parkin translocation, and larval development and ATP status in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. RESULTS A group of known mitochondrial complex inhibitors (e.g., rotenone) and uncouplers (e.g., chlorfenapyr), as well as potential novel complex inhibitors and uncouplers, were detected. From this study, we identified four not well-characterized potential mitochondrial toxicants (lasalocid, picoxystrobin, pinacyanol, and triclocarban) that merit additional in vivo characterization. CONCLUSIONS The tier-based approach for identifying and mechanistically characterizing mitochondrial toxicants can potentially reduce animal use in toxicological testing. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2589.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruili Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Qiang Shi
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Windy A Boyd
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nuo Sun
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Julie R Rice
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul E Dunlap
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Matt F Bridge
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Sheng Dai
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David Gerhold
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristine L Witt
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael DeVito
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonathan H Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christopher P Austin
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keith A Houck
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Russell S Thomas
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard S Paules
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Raymond R Tice
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Pereira C, Chavarria V, Vian J, Ashton MM, Berk M, Marx W, Dean OM. Mitochondrial Agents for Bipolar Disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:550-569. [PMID: 29596661 PMCID: PMC6007750 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bipolar disorder is a chronic and often debilitating illness. Current treatment options (both pharmaco- and psychotherapy) have shown efficacy, but for many leave a shortfall in recovery. Advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder suggest that interventions that target mitochondrial dysfunction may provide a therapeutic benefit. Methods This review explores the current and growing theoretical rationale as well as existing preclinical and clinical data for those therapies aiming to target the mitochondrion in bipolar disorder. A Clinicaltrials.gov and ANZCTR search was conducted for complete and ongoing trials on mitochondrial agents used in psychiatric disorders. A PubMed search was also conducted for literature published between January 1981 and July 2017. Systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, case series, and animal studies with an emphasis on agents affecting mitochondrial function and its role in bipolar disorder were included. The search was augmented by manually searching the references of key papers and related literature. The results were presented as a narrative review. Results Mitochondrial agents offer new horizons in mood disorder treatment. While some negative effects have been reported, most compounds are overall well tolerated and have generally benign side-effect profiles. Conclusions The study of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and mitochondrial function has contributed the understanding of bipolar disorder's pathophysiology. Agents targeting these pathways could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Future directions include identification of novel candidate mitochondrial modulators as well as rigorous and well-powered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Círia Pereira
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - João Vian
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Melanie Maree Ashton
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Olivia May Dean
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Mitacek RM, English AR, Mafi GG, VanOverbeke DL, Ramanathan R. Modified Atmosphere Packaging Improves Surface Color of Dark-Cutting Beef. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.04.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to determine the effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the surface color of dark-cutting beef that had been aged for 21 d. The USDA Choice (normal-pH; IMPS #180) strip loins (n = 10) and no-roll dark-cutter strip loins (n = 10) were obtained from a commercial packing plant within 72 h of harvest. Both normal-pH and dark-cutting beef were vacuum packaged and aged for 21 d. Steaks were cut from both normal and dark-cutting loins, assigned to 1 of 3 packaging treatments; PVC, HiOx-MAP, and CO-MAP, and stored in a simulated retail display under continuous fluorescent lighting at 2°C for 6 d. Instrumental and visual color were measured every 24 h. Thiobarbituric acid assay was used as an indicator for lipid oxidation. There was a packaging × muscle type × display time interaction (P < 0.0001) for instrumental and visual color. On d 1 of display, dark-cutting steaks packaged in HiOx-MAP had greater (P < 0.001) a* values and chroma than dark-cutting PVC steaks. On d 6 of the display, dark-cutting steaks packaged in CO-MAP had 10 units greater a* values than dark-cutting steaks packaged in PVC. The visual panel also noted less muscle darkening (P < 0.002) in HiOx-MAP and CO-MAP compared with steaks packaged in PVC on d 6 of the display. There was less surface discoloration (P < 0.001) in HiOx-MAP and CO-MAP dark-cutting steaks compared with PVC dark-cutting steaks by the end of the display. There was a packaging × muscle type interaction for instrumental L* values and lipid oxidation. Dark-cutting steaks packaged in HiOx-MAP and CO-MAP had greater (P < 0.05) L* values compared with dark-cutting steaks in PVC packaging. In conclusion, HiOx-MAP improved redness of dark-cutting beef during the initial phase of display, while CO-MAP resulted in a stable red color.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Mitacek
- Oklahoma State University Department of Animal Science
| | - A. R. English
- Oklahoma State University Department of Animal Science
| | - G. G. Mafi
- Oklahoma State University Department of Animal Science
| | | | - R. Ramanathan
- Oklahoma State University Department of Animal Science
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Shen C, Li M, Zhang P, Guo Y, Zhang H, Zheng B, Teng H, Zhou T, Guo X, Huo R. A Comparative Proteome Profile of Female Mouse Gonads Suggests a Tight Link between the Electron Transport Chain and Meiosis Initiation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:31-42. [PMID: 29158290 PMCID: PMC5750849 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m117.066993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation of haploid gametes by meiosis is a unique property of germ cells and is critical for sexual reproduction. Leaving mitosis and entering meiosis is a key step in germ cell development. Several inducers or intrinsic genes are known to be important for meiotic initiation, but the regulation of meiotic initiation, especially at the protein level, is still not well understood. We constructed a comparative proteome profile of female mouse fetal gonads at specific time points (11.5, 12.5, and 13.5 days post coitum), spanning a critical window for initiation of meiosis in female germ cells. We identified 3666 proteins, of which 473 were differentially expressed. Further bioinformatics analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins were enriched in the mitochondria, especially in the electron transport chain and, notably, 9 proteins in electron transport chain Complex I were differentially expressed. We disrupted the mitochondrial electron transport chain function by adding the complex I inhibitor, rotenone to 11.5 days post coitum female gonads cultured in vitro. This treatment resulted in a decreased proportion of meiotic germ cells, as assessed by staining for histone γH2AX. Rotenone treatment also caused decreased ATP levels, increased reactive oxygen species levels and failure of the germ cells to undergo premeiotic DNA replication. These effects were partially rescued by adding Coenzyme Q10. Taken together, our results suggested that a functional electron transport chain is important for meiosis initiation. Our characterization of the quantitative proteome of female gonads provides an inventory of proteins, useful for understanding the mechanisms of meiosis initiation and female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shen
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
- §Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215002, P.R. China
| | - Mingrui Li
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Pan Zhang
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yueshuai Guo
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zheng
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
- §Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Teng
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhou
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China;
| | - Ran Huo
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China;
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47
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Shabalina IG, Vyssokikh MY, Gibanova N, Csikasz RI, Edgar D, Hallden-Waldemarson A, Rozhdestvenskaya Z, Bakeeva LE, Vays VB, Pustovidko AV, Skulachev MV, Cannon B, Skulachev VP, Nedergaard J. Improved health-span and lifespan in mtDNA mutator mice treated with the mitochondrially targeted antioxidant SkQ1. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:315-339. [PMID: 28209927 PMCID: PMC5361666 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
MtDNA mutator mice exhibit marked features of premature aging. We find that these mice treated from age of ≈100 days with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 showed a delayed appearance of traits of aging such as kyphosis, alopecia, lowering of body temperature, body weight loss, as well as ameliorated heart, kidney and liver pathologies. These effects of SkQ1 are suggested to be related to an alleviation of the effects of an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in mtDNA mutator mice: the increased mitochondrial ROS released due to mitochondrial mutations probably interact with polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiolipin, releasing malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal that form protein adducts and thus diminishes mitochondrial functions. SkQ1 counteracts this as it scavenges mitochondrial ROS. As the results, the normal mitochondrial ultrastructure is preserved in liver and heart; the phosphorylation capacity of skeletal muscle mitochondria as well as the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue is also improved. The SkQ1-treated mice live significantly longer (335 versus 290 days). These data may be relevant in relation to treatment of mitochondrial diseases particularly and the process of aging in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Yu Vyssokikh
- The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Gibanova
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert I Csikasz
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Edgar
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Present address: Buck Institute for research on aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Anne Hallden-Waldemarson
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zinaida Rozhdestvenskaya
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lora E Bakeeva
- The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valeria B Vays
- The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Antonina V Pustovidko
- The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim V Skulachev
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Barbara Cannon
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir P Skulachev
- The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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48
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Hardeland R. Melatonin and the electron transport chain. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3883-3896. [PMID: 28785805 PMCID: PMC11107625 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin protects the electron transport chain (ETC) in multiple ways. It reduces levels of ·NO by downregulating inducible and inhibiting neuronal nitric oxide synthases (iNOS, nNOS), thereby preventing excessive levels of peroxynitrite. Both ·NO and peroxynitrite-derived free radicals, such as ·NO2, hydroxyl (·OH) and carbonate radicals (CO3·-) cause blockades or bottlenecks in the ETC, by ·NO binding to irons, protein nitrosation, nitration and oxidation, changes that lead to electron overflow or even backflow and, thus, increased formation of superoxide anions (O2·-). Melatonin improves the intramitochondrial antioxidative defense by enhancing reduced glutathione levels and inducing glutathione peroxidase and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in the matrix and Cu,Zn-SOD in the intermembrane space. An additional action concerns the inhibition of cardiolipin peroxidation. This oxidative change in the membrane does not only initiate apoptosis or mitophagy, as usually considered, but also seems to occur at low rate, e.g., in aging, and impairs the structural integrity of Complexes III and IV. Moreover, elevated levels of melatonin inhibit the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and shorten its duration. Additionally, high-affinity binding sites in mitochondria have been described. The assumption of direct binding to the amphipathic ramp of Complex I would require further substantiation. The mitochondrial presence of the melatonin receptor MT1 offers the possibility that melatonin acts via an inhibitory G protein, soluble adenylyl cyclase, decreased cAMP and lowered protein kinase A activity, a signaling pathway shown to reduce Complex I activity in the case of a mitochondrial cannabinoid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Bürgerstr. 50, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
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49
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de Sá Junior PL, Câmara DAD, Porcacchia AS, Fonseca PMM, Jorge SD, Araldi RP, Ferreira AK. The Roles of ROS in Cancer Heterogeneity and Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2467940. [PMID: 29123614 PMCID: PMC5662836 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2467940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer comprises a group of heterogeneous diseases encompassing high rates of morbidity and mortality. Heterogeneity, which is a hallmark of cancer, is one of the main factors related to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents leading to poor prognosis. Heterogeneity is profoundly affected by increasing levels of ROS. Under low concentrations, ROS may function as signaling molecules favoring tumorigenesis and heterogeneity, while under high ROS concentrations, these species may work as cancer modulators due to their deleterious, genotoxic or even proapoptotic effect on cancer cells. This double-edged sword effect represented by ROS relies on their ability to cause genetic and epigenetic modifications in DNA structure. Antitumor therapeutic approaches may use molecules that prevent the ROS formation precluding carcinogenesis or use chemical agents that promote a sudden increase of ROS causing considerable oxidative stress inside tumor mass. Therefore, herein, we review what ROS are and how they are produced in normal and in cancer cells while providing an argumentative discussion about their role in cancer pathophysiology. We also describe the various sources of ROS in cancer and their role in tumor heterogeneity. Further, we also discuss some therapeutic strategies from the current landscape of cancer heterogeneity, ROS modulation, or ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Aparecida Dias Câmara
- Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Morphology and Genetic Department, University Federal of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Salomão Doria Jorge
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Adilson Kleber Ferreira
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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50
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Proteome Stability as a Key Factor of Genome Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102036. [PMID: 28937603 PMCID: PMC5666718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage is constantly produced by both endogenous and exogenous factors; DNA lesions then trigger the so-called DNA damaged response (DDR). This is a highly synchronized pathway that involves recognition, signaling and repair of the damage. Failure to eliminate DNA lesions is associated with genome instability, a driving force in tumorigenesis. Proteins carry out the vast majority of cellular functions and thus proteome quality control (PQC) is critical for the maintenance of cellular functionality. PQC is assured by the proteostasis network (PN), which under conditions of proteome instability address the triage decision of protein fold, hold, or degrade. Key components of the PN are the protein synthesis modules, the molecular chaperones and the two main degradation machineries, namely the autophagy-lysosome and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathways; also, part of the PN are a number of stress-responsive cellular sensors including (among others) heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nevertheless, the lifestyle- and/or ageing-associated gradual accumulation of stressors results in increasingly damaged and unstable proteome due to accumulation of misfolded proteins and/or protein aggregates. This outcome may then increase genomic instability due to reduced fidelity in processes like DNA replication or repair leading to various age-related diseases including cancer. Herein, we review the role of proteostatic machineries in nuclear genome integrity and stability, as well as on DDR responses.
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