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Landa G, Aguerri L, Irusta S, Mendoza G, Arruebo M. PLGA nanoparticle-encapsulated lysostaphin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132563. [PMID: 38782313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus possesses the ability to become pathogenic, leading to severe and life-threatening infections. Its methicillin-resistant variant MRSA has garnered high-priority status due to its increased morbidity and associated mortality. This emphasizes the urgency for novel anti-staphylococcal agents. The bacteriocin lysostaphin stands out for its remarkable bactericidal activity against S. aureus, including MRSA, outperforming conventional antibiotics. However, the clinical application of lysostaphin faces challenges, including enzymatic activity loss under physiological conditions and potential immunogenicity. This study introduces a novel approach by encapsulating lysostaphin within polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles, a biodegradable copolymer known for its biocompatibility and sustained drug release ability. The study assesses the antimicrobial activity of lysostaphin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles against different S. aureus strains, and we also used GFP-expressing S. aureus for facilitating its traceability in planktonic, biofilm, and intracellular infection models. The results showed the significant reduction in bacteria viability both in planktonic and biofilm states. The in vitro intracellular infection model demonstrated the significantly enhanced efficiency of the developed nanoparticles compared to the treatment with the free bacteriocin. This research presents lysostaphin encapsulation within PLGA nanoparticles and offers promising avenues for enhancing lysostaphin's therapeutic efficacy against S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Landa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Laura Aguerri
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Silvia Irusta
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gracia Mendoza
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Zhang J, Zhao L, Tang W, Li J, Tang T, Sun X, Qiao X, He Z. Characterization of a novel circular bacteriocin from Bacillus velezensis 1-3, and its mode of action against Listeria monocytogenes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29701. [PMID: 38726204 PMCID: PMC11078769 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, isolate Bacillus velezensis1-3 was selected out for its anti- Listeria potency, from which a novel circular bacteriocin, velezin, was purified out of the fermentate, and then characterized. Facilitated with a broad antibacterial spectrum, velezin has demonstrated decent inhibitive activity against of foodborne pathogen L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115. It exerted the antibacterial activity through damaging the membrane integrity of targeted cell and causing leakage of vital elements, including K+ ion. It was noteworthy that velezin also inhibited the biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115. At the challenge of velezin, L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 up-regulated expression of genes associated with membrane, ion transporters, stressing-related proteins as well as the genes responsible for the synthesis of small molecule. Taken together, velezin may have potential to be a candidate as natural additive used in food/feed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tao Tang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaoni Qiao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zengguo He
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266071, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266000, China
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3
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Curone G, Filipe J, Inglesi A, Bronzo V, Pollera C, Comazzi S, Draghi S, Piccinini R, Ferlazzo G, Quattrone A, Vigo D, Amadori M, Riva F. Different Immune Control of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Mammary Infections in Dairy Cows. Vet Sci 2024; 11:166. [PMID: 38668433 PMCID: PMC11054201 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11040166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In the dairy industry, bovine mastitis represents a major concern due to substantial production losses and costs related to therapies and early culling. The mechanisms of susceptibility and effective response to intra-mammary infections are still poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated innate immunity in acellular bovine skim milk through cytofluorimetric analyses of bacterial killing activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Freshly cultured E. coli and S. aureus strains were incubated with colostrum and milk samples at different lactation time points from two groups of cows, purportedly representing mastitis-resistant and mastitis-susceptible breeds; bacterial cells were analyzed for vitality by flow cytometry following incorporation of vital dyes. N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activity was also investigated in milk and colostrum samples. Our findings revealed that colostrum and milk bacterial killing activity was greater against S. aureus compared to E. coli., with this activity correlated with milk NAGase levels. Furthermore, both killing of S. aureus and NAGase activity were negatively correlated to the elapsed time of lactation. Interestingly, samples from the allegedly mastitis-resistant breed displayed higher bacterial killing and NAGase activities. Our study suggests that diverse control mechanisms are exerted against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens in the mammary glands of cows, probably beyond those already described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Curone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Joel Filipe
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Alessia Inglesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Valerio Bronzo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
- Laboratorio di Malattie Infettive Degli Animali—MiLab, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Claudia Pollera
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Stefano Comazzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Susanna Draghi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Renata Piccinini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Gianluca Ferlazzo
- Pellegrina Extention Service, Veronesi Holding, 37142 Verona, Italy;
| | - Alda Quattrone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
| | - Massimo Amadori
- Rete Nazionale di Immunologia Veterinaria, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Federica Riva
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.C.); (A.I.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (S.C.); (S.D.); (R.P.); (A.Q.); (D.V.)
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Touza-Otero L, Landin M, Diaz-Rodriguez P. Fighting antibiotic resistance in the local management of bovine mastitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115967. [PMID: 38043445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is a widespread infectious disease with a significant economic burden, accounting for 80 % of the antibiotic usage in dairy animals. In recent years, extensive research has focused on using biomimetic approaches such as probiotics, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, or phytochemicals as potential alternatives to antibiotics. The local administration of therapeutic molecules through the intramammary route is one of the most commonly strategies to manage bovine mastitis. This review highlights the most important findings in this field and discusses their local application in mastitis therapy. In contrast to antibiotics, the proposed alternatives are not limited to promote bacterial death but consider other factors associated to the host microenvironments. To this end, the proposed biomimetic strategies can modulate different stages of infection by modifying the local microbiota, preventing oxidative stress, reducing bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells, modulating the immune response, or mediating the inflammatory process. Numerous in vitro studies support the antimicrobial, antibiofilm or antioxidant properties of these alternatives. However, in vivo studies incorporating these components within pharmaceutical formulations with potential clinical application are limited. The development of secure, stable, and effective drug delivery systems based on the proposed options is necessary to achieve real alternatives to antibiotics in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Touza-Otero
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Grupo I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Materiais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mariana Landin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Grupo I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Materiais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Patricia Diaz-Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Grupo I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Materiais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Nouruzi E, Hosseini SM, Asghari B, Mahjoub R, Zare EN, Shahbazi MA, Kalhori F, Arabestani MR. Effect of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymer nanoparticles loaded with vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. BMC Biotechnol 2023; 23:39. [PMID: 37723466 PMCID: PMC10506343 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-023-00811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a unique challenge for the healthcare system because it can form biofilms, is resistant to the host's immune system, and is resistant to numerous antimicrobial therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer nanoparticles loaded with vancomycin and conjugated with lysostaphin (PLGA-VAN-LYS) on inhibiting S. aureus biofilm formation. Nano drug carriers were produced using the double emulsion evaporation process. we examined the physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, drug loading (DL), entrapment efficiency (EE), Lysostaphin conjugation efficiency (LCE), and shape. The effect of the nano drug carriers on S. aureus strains was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), conducting biofilm formation inhibition studies, and performing agar well diffusion tests. The average size, PDI, zeta potential, DL, EE, and LCE of PLGA-VAN-LYS were 320.5 ± 35 nm, 0.270 ± 0.012, -19.5 ± 1.3 mV, 16.75 ± 2.5%, 94.62 ± 2.6%, and 37% respectively. Both the agar well diffusion and MIC tests did not show a distinction between vancomycin and the nano drug carriers after 72 h. However, the results of the biofilm analysis demonstrated that the nano drug carrier had a stronger inhibitory effect on biofilm formation compared to the free drug. The use of this technology for treating hospital infections caused by the Staphylococcus bacteria may have favorable effects on staphylococcal infections, considering the efficacy of the nano medicine carrier developed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellahe Nouruzi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran.
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran.
| | - Babak Asghari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Reza Mahjoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fereshte Kalhori
- Biotechnology department, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran.
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran.
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6
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Khanum R, Chung PY, Clarke SC, Chin BY. Lactoferrin modulates the biofilm formation and bap gene expression of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Can J Microbiol 2023; 69:117-122. [PMID: 36265186 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2022-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an innate glycoprotein with broad antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. The autonomous antibiofilm activity of lactoferrin against Gram-positive bacteria is postulated to involve the cell wall and biofilm components. Thus, the prevention of biomass formation and eradication of preformed biofilms by lactoferrin was investigated using a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) strain. Additionally, the ability of lactoferrin to modulate the expression of the biofilm-associated protein gene (bap) was studied. The bap gene regulates the production of biofilm-associated proteins responsible for bacterial adhesion and aggregation. In the in vitro biofilm assays, lactoferrin prevented biofilm formation and eradicated established biofilms for up to 24 and 72 h, respectively. Extensive eradication of MRSE biofilm biomass was accompanied by the significant upregulation of bap gene expression. These data suggest the interaction of lactoferrin with the biofilm components and cell wall of MRSE, including the biofilm-associated protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Khanum
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi Yin Chung
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stuart C Clarke
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK.,Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Beek Yoke Chin
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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da Silva Barreira D, Laurent J, Lourenço J, Novion Ducassou J, Couté Y, Guzzo J, Rieu A. Membrane vesicles released by Lacticaseibacillus casei BL23 inhibit the biofilm formation of Salmonella Enteritidis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1163. [PMID: 36670157 PMCID: PMC9859808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms represent a major concern in the food industry and healthcare. The use of probiotic bacteria and their derivatives as an alternative to conventional treatments to fight biofilm development is a promising option that has provided convincing results in the last decades. Recently, membrane vesicles (MVs) produced by probiotics have generated considerable interest due to the diversity of roles they have been associated with. However, the antimicrobial activity of probiotic MVs remains to be studied. In this work, we showed that membrane vesicles produced by Lacticaseibacillus casei BL23 (LC-MVs) exhibited strong antibiofilm activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) without affecting bacterial growth. Furthermore, we found that LC-MVs affected the early stages of S. Enteritidis biofilm development and prevented attachment of bacteria to polystyrene surfaces. Importantly, LC-MVs did not impact the biomass of already established biofilms. We also demonstrated that the antibiofilm activity depended on the proteins associated with the LC-MV fraction. Finally, two peptidoglycan hydrolases (PGHs) were found to be associated with the antibiofilm activity of LC-MVs. Overall, this work allowed to identify the antibiofilm properties of LC-MVs and paved the way for the use of probiotic MVs against the development of negative biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David da Silva Barreira
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, UMR PAM A 02.102, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Laurent
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, UMR PAM A 02.102, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jessica Lourenço
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, UMR PAM A 02.102, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Julia Novion Ducassou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, R2048, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, R2048, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Guzzo
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, UMR PAM A 02.102, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Rieu
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, UMR PAM A 02.102, 21000, Dijon, France.
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Rodrigues G, Souza Santos L, Franco OL. Antimicrobial Peptides Controlling Resistant Bacteria in Animal Production. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:874153. [PMID: 35663853 PMCID: PMC9161144 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.874153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been a worldwide concern. The excessive use of antibiotics affects animal and human health. In the last few years, livestock production has used antibiotics as food supplementation. This massive use can be considered a principal factor in the accelerated development of genetic modifications in bacteria. These modifications are responsible for AMR and can be widespread to pathogenic and commensal bacteria. In addition, these antibiotic residues can be dispersed by water and sewer water systems, the contamination of soil and, water and plants, in addition, can be stocked in tissues such as muscle, milk, eggs, fat, and others. These residues can be spread to humans by the consumption of water or contaminated food. In addition, studies have demonstrated that antimicrobial resistance may be developed by vertical and horizontal gene transfer, producing a risk to public health. Hence, the World Health Organization in 2000 forbid the use of antibiotics for feed supplementation in livestock. In this context, to obtain safe food production, one of the potential substitutes for traditional antibiotics is the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In general, AMPs present anti-infective activity, and in some cases immune response. A limited number of AMP-based drugs are now available for use in animals and humans. This use is still not widespread due to a few problems like in-vivo effectiveness, stability, and high cost of production. This review will elucidate the different AMPs applications in animal diets, in an effort to generate safe food and control AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Rodrigues
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Lucas Souza Santos
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Octávio Luiz Franco
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9
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Xu L, She P, Liu Y, Liu S, Li Z, Li Y, Hussain Z, Wu Y. A novel bactericidal small molecule, STK-35, and its derivative, STK-66, as antibacterial agents against Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:655-666. [PMID: 35218030 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of persister cells of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, the development of new antibacterial agents is urgently needed to deal with this problem. Our results indicated that both newly identified small molecule STK-35 and its derivative STK-66 exhibited effective antibacterial properties against a variety of Gram-negative pathogens including A. baumannii, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranges were 0.0625-8 μg mL-1 and 0.125-16 μg mL-1 respectively, while no hemolytic activity and mammalian cell cytotoxicity were observed. The time-killing assays showed STK-35/66 had strong bactericidal activity against Gram-negative pathogens. STK-35/66 also showed different degrees of synergistic antibacterial activity with conventional antibiotics and exhibited persister cells killing activity. Moreover, STK-35/66 effectively eradicated the pre-formed biofilms of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. In addition, STK-35/66 significantly increased the survival rate of E. coli infected mice and induced a decrease in bacterial load of the peritonitis model. In nutshell, these results suggested that STK-35/66 possessed antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in vitro and in vivo, which could be considered as potential substitutes for the treatment of Gram-negative pathogenic infections after further structure optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei She
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zehao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zubair Hussain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
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10
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Mondal A, Singha P, Douglass M, Estes L, Garren M, Griffin L, Kumar A, Handa H. A Synergistic New Approach Toward Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy via Antimicrobial Peptide Immobilization on a Nitric Oxide-Releasing Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43892-43903. [PMID: 34516076 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite technological advancement, nosocomial infections are prevalent due to the rise of antibiotic resistance. A combinatorial approach with multimechanistic antibacterial activity is desired for an effective antibacterial medical device surface strategy. In this study, an antimicrobial peptide, nisin, is immobilized onto biomimetic nitric oxide (NO)-releasing medical-grade silicone rubber (SR) via mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) as a bonding agent to reduce the risk of infection. Immobilization of nisin on NO-releasing SR (SR-SNAP-Nisin) and the surface characteristics were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. The NO release profile (7 days) and diffusion of SNAP from SR-SNAP-Nisin were quantified using chemiluminescence-based nitric oxide analyzers and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively. Nisin quantification showed a greater affinity of nisin immobilization toward SNAP-doped SR. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis on surface nisin leaching for 120 h under physiological conditions demonstrated the stability of nisin immobilization on PDA coatings. SR-SNAP-Nisin shows versatile in vitro anti-infection efficacy against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus in the planktonic and adhered states. Furthermore, the combination of NO and nisin has a superior ability to impair biofilm formation on polymer surfaces. SR-SNAP-Nisin leachates did not elicit cytotoxicity toward mouse fibroblast cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, indicating the biocompatibility of the material in vitro. The preventative and therapeutic potential of SR-SNAP-Nisin dictated by two bioactive agents may offer a promising antibacterial surface strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Mondal
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Priyadarshini Singha
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Megan Douglass
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Lori Estes
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Mark Garren
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Lauren Griffin
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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11
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Antimicrobial peptides used as growth promoters in livestock production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7115-7121. [PMID: 34499200 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) have been administered in livestock for decades to improve food digestion in growing animals, while also contributing to the control of microbial pathogens. The long-term and indiscrimate use of AGPs has generated genetic modifications in bacteria, leading to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which can be disseminated to commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Thus, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are used to replaced AGPs. AMPs are found in all domains of life, and their cationic characteristics can establish electrostatic interactions with the bacterial membrane. These molecules used as growth promoters can present benefits for nutrient digestibility, intestinal microbiota, intestinal morphology, and immune function activities. Therefore, this review focuses on the application of AMPs with growth promoting potential in livestock, as an alternative to conventional antibiotic growth promoters, in an attempt to control AMR. KEY POINTS: • The long-term and indiscriminate use of AGPs in animal food can cause AMR. • AMPs can be used as substitute of antibiotics in animal food suplementation. • Animal food suplementated with AMPs can provied economic efficiency and sustainable livestock production.
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12
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Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are evolving as novel therapeutic options against the increasing problem of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, and nisin is one such avenue. However, some bacteria possess a specific nisin resistance system (NSR), which cleaves the peptide reducing its bactericidal efficacy. NSR-based resistance was identified in strains of Streptococcus uberis, a ubiquitous pathogen that causes mastitis in dairy cattle. Previous studies have demonstrated that a nisin A derivative termed nisin PV, featuring S29P and I30V, exhibits enhanced resistance to proteolytic cleavage by NSR. Our objective was to investigate the ability of this nisin derivative to eradicate and inhibit biofilms of S. uberis DPC 5344 and S. uberis ATCC 700407 (nsr+) using crystal violet (biomass), 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) (viability) assays, and confocal microscopy (viability and architecture). When preestablished biofilms were assessed, both peptides reduced biofilm biomass by over 60% compared to that of the untreated controls. However, a 42% higher reduction in viability was observed following treatment with nisin PV compared to that of nisin A. Accordingly, confocal microscopy analysis revealed significantly more dead cells on the biofilm upper surface and a reduced thickness following treatment with nisin PV. When biofilm inhibition was assessed, nisin PV inhibited biofilm formation and decreased viability up to 56% and 85% more than nisin A, respectively. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed a lack of biofilm for S. uberis ATCC 700407 and only dead cells for S. uberis DPC 5344. These results suggest that nisin PV is a promising alternative to effectively reduce the biofilm formation of S. uberis strains carrying NSR. IMPORTANCE One of the four most prevalent species of bovine mastitis-causing pathogens is S. uberis. Its ability to form biofilms confers on the bacteria greater resistance to antibiotics, requiring higher doses to be more effective. In a bid to limit antibiotic resistance development, the need for alternative antimicrobials is paramount. Bacteriocins such as nisin represent one such alternative that could alleviate the impact of mastitis caused by S. uberis. However, many strains of S. uberis have been shown to possess nisin resistance determinants, such as the nisin resistance protein (NSR). In this study, we demonstrate the ability of nisin and a nisin derivative termed PV that is insensitive to NSR to prevent and remove biofilms of NSR-producing S. uberis strains. These findings will add new information to the antimicrobial bacteriocins and control of S. uberis research fields specifically in relation to biofilms and nsr+ mastitis-associated strains.
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13
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Shen W, Yang N, Teng D, Hao Y, Ma X, Mao R, Wang J. Design and High Expression of Non-glycosylated Lysostaphins in Pichia pastoris and Their Pharmacodynamic Study. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:637662. [PMID: 33815324 PMCID: PMC8012855 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.637662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysostaphin is an effective antimicrobial agent to Staphylococcus, especially for the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA). In this study, the seven lysostaphin derived mutants (rLys) were designed to overcome the barrier of glycosylation during expression in Pichia pastoris. Among them, 127A and 127A232Q had highest antimicrobial activity (MIC values 0.07–0.3 μM) to S. aureus than others and the commercial lysostaphins (1–15.8 times). There was no glycosylation during the expression in 5-L fermenter level, with the high yield of 1315 mg/L (127A) and 1141 mg/L (127A232Q), respectively. Meanwhile, 127A and 127A232Q effectively killed 99.9% of S. aureus at low concentration (1 × MIC) within 30 min, without the regrowth of pathogen. They also showed low toxicity, high pH and temperature stability. The results of in vivo therapeutic effect of 127A and 127A232Q against high virulent S. aureus CVCC546 showed that 127A and 127A232Q increased the survival rate of infected mice up to 100% at the dose of 10 mg/kg than the untreated group, reduced the bacterial translocation by 5-7 log CFU (over 99%) in organs compared to the untreated group and alleviated multiple-organ injuries (liver, kidney and spleen). These data indicated that the non-glycosylated lysostaphin 127A and 127A232Q may be a promising therapeutic agent against MDR staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenluan Shen
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Na Yang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Da Teng
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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14
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Bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria. A Powerful Alternative as Antimicrobials, Probiotics, and Immunomodulators in Veterinary Medicine. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040979. [PMID: 33915717 PMCID: PMC8067144 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for an alternative treatment to reduce antimicrobial resistance, bacteriocins shine a light on reducing this problem in public and animal health. Bacteriocins are peptides synthesized by bacteria that can inhibit the growth of other bacteria and fungi, parasites, and viruses. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of bacteria that produce bacteriocins; their mechanism of action can replace antibiotics and prevent bacterial resistance. In veterinary medicine, LAB and bacteriocins have been used as antimicrobials and probiotics. However, another critical role of bacteriocins is their immunomodulatory effect. This review shows the advances in applying bacteriocins in animal production and veterinary medicine, highlighting their biological roles.
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15
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Kranjec C, Morales Angeles D, Torrissen Mårli M, Fernández L, García P, Kjos M, Diep DB. Staphylococcal Biofilms: Challenges and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:131. [PMID: 33573022 PMCID: PMC7911828 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococci, like Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, are common colonizers of the human microbiota. While being harmless in many cases, many virulence factors result in them being opportunistic pathogens and one of the major causes of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. One of these virulence factors is the ability to form biofilms-three-dimensional communities of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS). The EPS is composed of polysaccharides, proteins and extracellular DNA, and is finely regulated in response to environmental conditions. This structured environment protects the embedded bacteria from the human immune system and decreases their susceptibility to antimicrobials, making infections caused by staphylococci particularly difficult to treat. With the rise of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci, together with difficulty in removing biofilms, there is a great need for new treatment strategies. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our current knowledge of the stages of biofilm development and what difficulties may arise when trying to eradicate staphylococcal biofilms. Furthermore, we look into promising targets and therapeutic methods, including bacteriocins and phage-derived antibiofilm approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kranjec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway; (C.K.); (D.M.A.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Danae Morales Angeles
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway; (C.K.); (D.M.A.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Marita Torrissen Mårli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway; (C.K.); (D.M.A.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Lucía Fernández
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Dairy Products, Dairy Research Institute of Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (L.F.); (P.G.)
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pilar García
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Dairy Products, Dairy Research Institute of Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (L.F.); (P.G.)
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Morten Kjos
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway; (C.K.); (D.M.A.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Dzung B. Diep
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway; (C.K.); (D.M.A.); (M.T.M.)
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16
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Jayakumar J, Kumar VA, Biswas L, Biswas R. Therapeutic applications of lysostaphin against Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1072-1082. [PMID: 33382154 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen, causes diverse community and nosocomial-acquired human infections, including folliculitis, impetigo, sepsis, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, implant-associated biofilm infections and contagious mastitis in cattle. In recent days, both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections have increased. Highly effective anti-staphylococcal agents are urgently required. Lysostaphin is a 27 kDa zinc metallo antimicrobial lytic enzyme that is produced by Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus and was first discovered in the 1960s. Lysostaphin is highly active against S. aureus strains irrespective of their drug-resistant patterns with a minimum inhibitory concentration of ranges between 0·001 and 0·064 μg ml-1 . Lysostaphin has activity against both dividing and non-dividing S. aureus cells; and can seep through the extracellular matrix to kill the biofilm embedded S. aureus. In spite of having excellent anti-staphylococcal activity, its clinical application is hindered because of its immunogenicity and reduced bio-availability. Extensive research with lysostaphin lead to the development of several engineered lysostaphin derivatives with reduced immunogenicity and increased serum half-life. Therapeutic efficacy of both native and engineered lysostaphin derivatives was studied by several research groups. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic applications of native and engineered lysostaphin derivatives developed to eradicate S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jayakumar
- Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - V A Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - L Biswas
- Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - R Biswas
- Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
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17
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Duraisamy S, Balakrishnan S, Ranjith S, Husain F, Sathyan A, Peter AS, Prahalathan C, Kumarasamy A. Bacteriocin-a potential antimicrobial peptide towards disrupting and preventing biofilm formation in the clinical and environmental locales. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44922-44936. [PMID: 33006097 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm, a consortium of microbial cells, protected by extracellular polymeric matrix, is considered a global challenge due to the inherent antibiotic resistance conferred by its lifestyle. Besides, it poses environmental threats causing huge damage in food industries, fisheries, refineries, water systems, pharmaceutical industries, medical industries, etc. Living in a community of microbial populations is most critical in the clinical field, making it responsible for about 80% of severe and chronic microbial diseases. The necessity to find an alternative approach is the need of the hour to solve these crises. So far, many approaches have been attempted to disrupt the initial stage of biofilm formation, including adherence and maturation. Bacteriocins are a group of antimicrobial peptides, produced by bacteria having the potential to disrupt biofilm either by itself or in combination with other drugs than antibiotic counterparts. A clear understanding on mechanisms of bacterial biofilm formation, progression, and resistance will surely lead to the development of innovative, effective biofilm control strategies in pharmaceutical, health care industries and environmental locales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbagam Duraisamy
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Senthilkumar Balakrishnan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Sukumar Ranjith
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Fazal Husain
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Aswathy Sathyan
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Ansu Susan Peter
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Chidambaram Prahalathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Anbarasu Kumarasamy
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
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18
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Yang X, Xie B, Peng H, Shi G, Sreenivas B, Guo J, Wang C, He Y. Eradicating intracellular MRSA via targeted delivery of lysostaphin and vancomycin with mannose-modified exosomes. J Control Release 2020; 329:454-467. [PMID: 33253805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is extremely difficult to remove by common antibiotics, leading to infection recurrence and resistance. Herein we report a novel exosome-based antibiotic delivery platform for eradicating intracellular MRSA, where mannosylated exosome (MExos) is employed as the drug carrier and preferentially taken up by macrophages, delivering lysostaphin (MExoL) and vancomycin (MExoV) to intracellular pathogens. Combination of MExoL and MExoV eradicated intracellular quiescent MRSA. Moreover, MExos rapidly accumulated in mouse liver and spleen, the target organs of intracellular MRSA, after intravenous (IV) administration. Thus, the MExos antibiotic delivery platform is a promising strategy for combating intracellular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Ave, Shuitu Technology Development Zone, Beibei, 400714 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Beibei Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Haibo Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Gongming Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Banne Sreenivas
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China.
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, 401331 Chongqing, China.
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19
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Luo Z, Yue S, Chen T, She P, Wu Y, Wu Y. Reduced Growth of Staphylococcus aureus Under High Glucose Conditions Is Associated With Decreased Pentaglycine Expression. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:537290. [PMID: 33224107 PMCID: PMC7667020 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.537290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-glucose-induced cytotoxicity in diabetes has been widely recognized. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent pathogen isolated from diabetic foot ulcers, but the properties of this bacterium under high glucose conditions remain unclear. S. aureus grew in medium usually forms weak biofilm, and which was significantly increased by addition of glucose. However, extracellular DNA (eDNA), an important component of biofilms, was markedly decreased in presence of 15 mM glucose. The reduced eDNA content was not caused by degradation, because the nuclease activity of biofilm supernatants with glucose was significantly decreased due to the acidic pH of the medium. Under planktonic state, the growth of S. aureus was significantly decreased in the Luria-Bertani (LB) medium supplemented with 25 mM glucose, and the reduced growth of S. aureus by glucose was dose-dependent. Except for glucose, the growth of planktonic S. aureus was also markedly decreased by fructose or sucrose. Amounts of acid metabolites were produced under high glucose conditions, but the survival of planktonic S. aureus was unaffected by these acidic conditions. Cells of S. aureus from the culture medium with glucose had a thinner cell wall and highly resistant to lysostaphin compared with the bacteria cultured in LB medium. mRNA expression of genes encoding pentaglycine bridges, the substrate of lysostaphin, was significantly decreased in S. aureus by glucose. In addition to S. aureus, the growth of Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was also significantly decreased by an excess of glucose, but strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were unaffected by glucose. In conclusion, the reduced growth of S. aureus under high glucose conditions is due to impairment of the unique cell-wall structure, pentaglycine bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Yue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ti Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei She
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Leite EL, Oliveira AFDE, Carmo FLRDO, Berkova N, Barh D, Ghosh P, Azevedo V. Bacteriocins as an alternative in the treatment of infections by Staphylococcus aureus. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20201216. [PMID: 33084762 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020201216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a highly versatile Gram-positive bacterium that is carried asymptomatically by up to 30% of healthy people, while being a major cause of healthcare-associated infections, making it a worldwide problem in clinical medicine. The adaptive evolution of S. aureus strains is demonstrated by its remarkable capacity to promptly develop high resistance to multiple antibiotics, thus limiting treatment choice. Nowadays, there is a continuous demand for an alternative to the use of antibiotics for S. aureus infections and a strategy to control the spread or to kill phylogenetically related strains. In this scenario, bacteriocins fit as with a promising and interesting alternative. These molecules are produced by a range of bacteria, defined as ribosomally synthesized peptides with bacteriostatic or bactericidal activity against a wide range of pathogens. This work reviews ascertained the main antibiotic-resistance mechanisms of S. aureus strains and the current, informative content concerning the applicability of the use of bacteriocins overlapping the use of conventional antibiotics in the context of S. aureus infections. Besides, we highlight the possible application of these biomolecules on an industrial scale in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma L Leite
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 65 Rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35000 Rennes, France.,Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, ICB/UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alberto F DE Oliveira
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 65 Rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fillipe L R DO Carmo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, ICB/UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Nadia Berkova
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 65 Rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, 721172 West Bengal, India
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA-23284, USA
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, ICB/UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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21
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de Freire Bastos MDC, Miceli de Farias F, Carlin Fagundes P, Varella Coelho ML. Staphylococcins: an update on antimicrobial peptides produced by staphylococci and their diverse potential applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10339-10368. [PMID: 33128614 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcins are antimicrobial peptides or proteins produced by staphylococci. They can be separated into different classes, depending on their amino acid composition, structural complexity, and steps involved in their production. In this review, an overview of the current knowledge on staphylococcins will be presented with emphasis on the information collected in the last decade, including a brief description of new peptides. Most staphylococcins characterized to date are either lantibiotics or linear class II bacteriocins. Recently, gene clusters coding for production of circular bacteriocins, sactipeptides, and thiopeptides have been mined from the genome of staphylococcal isolates. In contrast to class II bacteriocins, lantibiotics, sactipeptides, and thiopeptides undergo post-translational modifications that can be quite extensive, depending on the peptide. Few staphylococcins inhibit only some staphylococcal species, but most of them have proven to target pathogens belonging to different genera and involved in a variety of infectious diseases of clinical or agronomic importance. Therefore, these peptides exhibit potential application as anti-infective drugs in different areas. This review will also cover this diverse and remarkable potential. To be commercialized, however, staphylococcin production should be cost-effective and result in high bacteriocin yields, which are not generally achieved from the culture supernatant of their native producers. Such low yields make their production quite costly and not suitable at large industrial scale. Efforts already made to overcome this limitation, minimizing costs and time of production of some staphylococcins and employing either chemical synthesis or in vivo biosynthesis, will be addressed in this review as well. KEY POINTS: • Staphylococci produce a variety of antimicrobial peptides known as staphylococcins. • Most staphylococcins are post-translationally modified peptides. • Staphylococcins exhibit potential biotechnological applications. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Carmo de Freire Bastos
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Miceli de Farias
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Carlin Fagundes
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcus Lívio Varella Coelho
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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22
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Cui Y, Luo L, Wang X, Lu Y, Yi Y, Shan Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Mining, heterologous expression, purification, antibactericidal mechanism, and application of bacteriocins: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:863-899. [PMID: 33443793 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are generally considered as low-molecular-weight ribosomal peptides or proteins synthesized by G+ and G- bacteria that inhibit or kill other related or unrelated microorganisms. However, low yield is an important factor restricting the application of bacteriocins. This paper reviews mining methods, heterologous expression in different systems, the purification technologies applied to bacteriocins, and identification methods, as well as the antibacterial mechanism and applications in three different food systems. Bioinformatics improves the efficiency of bacteriocins mining. Bacteriocins can be heterologously expressed in different expression systems (e.g., Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus, and yeast). Ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis membrane, pH-mediated cell adsorption/desorption, solvent extraction, macroporous resin column, and chromatography are always used as purification methods for bacteriocins. The bacteriocins are identified through electrophoresis and mass spectrum. Cell envelope (e.g., cell permeabilization and pore formation) and inhibition of gene expression are common antibacterial mechanisms of bacteriocins. Bacteriocins can be added to protect meat products (e.g., beef and sausages), dairy products (e.g., cheese, milk, and yogurt), and vegetables and fruits (e.g., salad, apple juice, and soybean sprouts). The future research directions are also prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Cui
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lingli Luo
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanglei Yi
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bianfang Liu
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Lü
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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23
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Cheleuitte-Nieves CE, Diaz LL, Pardos de la Gandara M, Gonzalez A, Freiwald WA, de Lencastre HM, Tomasz A, Euler CW. Evaluation of Topical Lysostaphin as a Novel Treatment for Instrumented Rhesus Macaques ( Macaca mulatta) Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Comp Med 2020; 70:335-347. [PMID: 32792040 PMCID: PMC7574217 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-19-000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lytic enzymes are novel antimicrobial agents that degrade bacterial cell walls, resulting in cell rupture and death. We tested one enzyme, the bacteriocin lysostaphin, for treatment of nonhuman primates (Macaca mulatta) with persistent methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection of their cranial implant margins. The goal of this study was to determine if topical lysostaphin, either alone or as an adjunct therapy, could eliminate MRSA. Lysostaphin had in vitro lytic activity against all 4 previously identified NHP MRSA clones, as well as against 12 MRSA isolates of the same clonal type (MLST ST3862 and spa type t4167) before and after treatment, with no resistance discovered. In an in vivo pilot study, a 2-d application of lysostaphin alone reduced MRSA in the implant margins by 3-logs during treatment of one animal; however, MRSA titers had returned to control levels by 1 wk after treatment. In the main study, all animals (n = 4) received 10 d of systemic antibiotic treatment and both the animals and their environment (cages, equipment, room) underwent 5-d of decontamination. The experimental animals (n = 2) received 5 doses of topical lysostaphin (15 mg, every other day) applied onto their implant margins. Daily cultures showed that MRSA counts decreased significantly (≤ 25 colony-forming units/mL; P < 0.05). However, sampling of the cranial implant margin 7 d after last treatment showed that MRSA counts had returned to control levels. Our study suggests that lysostaphin, coupled with other treatment modalities, can decrease MRSA infection short-term but do not completely eradicate MRSA in the long-term. This reappearance of MRSA may be due to cross-contamination or reinfection from other infected areas, an inability of the treatment to reach all colonized areas, or insufficient dosing or length of treatment. Topical lysostaphin may be more useful clinically for superficial nonimplant associated wounds in which the lytic enzyme has better access to the infected tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Cheleuitte-Nieves
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York; Center of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York;,
| | - Leslie L Diaz
- Comparative Bioscience Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Maria Pardos de la Gandara
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Present address: National Reference Centre for Escherichia coli, Shigella and Salmonella, Enteric Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Alejandra Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Neural Systems, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Winrich A Freiwald
- Laboratory of Neural Systems, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Hermínia M de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB-NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alexander Tomasz
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Chad W Euler
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, CUNY, New York, New York; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
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24
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Duman-Özdamar ZE, Ünlü A, Ünal H, Woodley JM, Bi Nay B. High-yield production of active recombinant S. simulans lysostaphin expressed in E. coli in a laboratory bioreactor. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 177:105753. [PMID: 32950627 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which has developed multidrug resistance, leads to many healthcare-associated infections resulting in significant medical and economic losses. Therefore, the development of new efficient strategies to deal with these bacteria has been gaining importance. Lysostaphin is a peptidoglycan hydrolase that has considerable potential as a bacteriocin. However, there have been few reported optimization and scale-up studies of the lysostaphin bioproduction process. Our preliminary results have revealed that the composition of auto-induction media at 30 °C increases the produced lysostaphin around 10-fold in shake flasks. In this study, achieving higher yields for recombinant lysostaphin in E. coli at a laboratory scale has been the aim, through the use of auto-induction media. Optimized medium composition and fermentation parameters were transferred to a laboratory-scale bioreactor. The tested conditions improved protein yields up to 184 mg/L in a 3 L stirred bioreactor and the productivity was improved 2-fold in comparison to previously published reports. Furthermore, this study also showed that lysostaphin is an effective bacteriocin on both commercially available and isolated S. aureus strains. These results will contribute to future larger-scale production of lysostaphin via the proposed fermentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aişe Ünlü
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Ünal
- Nanotechnology Research Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Barış Bi Nay
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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25
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Schofs L, Sparo MD, Sánchez Bruni SF. Gram-positive bacteriocins: usage as antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine. Vet Res Commun 2020; 44:89-100. [PMID: 32656740 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-020-09776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide spread phenomenon that affects both human and veterinary medicine. This issue has led to a "One Health" approach in order to coordinate efforts and set back the development of drug-resistant microbes. In the search for alternatives therapies, bacteriocins or antimicrobial peptides have proven to be effective both in vitro and in vivo for multiples pathogens, even those resistant to many classic antibiotics. Gram-positive bacteriocins have been the most studied to the present. The use of bacteriocins as therapeutically active molecules is limited mainly due to difficulties in production, purification, delivery systems and regulatory approvals. To overcome some of these limitations, biotechnological and nanotechnological approaches are evaluated. Bacteriocins proved to be a good complement for conventional antibiotics therapy. Antimicrobial peptides are nowadays included in the veterinary products such as udder disinfectant for dairy cattle and dermatological medicated wipe for topical use on dogs, cats, and horses. But there are other potential uses to explore in the veterinary field for both companion and production animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureano Schofs
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, CIVETAN- CONICET, B7000, Tandil, Argentina. .,Tandil Veterinary Research Center (CIVETAN) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Comisión de investigaciones científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Tandil, B7000, Argentina.
| | - Mónica D Sparo
- Tandil Veterinary Research Center (CIVETAN) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Comisión de investigaciones científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Tandil, B7000, Argentina.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Olavarría, B7400, Argentina
| | - Sergio F Sánchez Bruni
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, CIVETAN- CONICET, B7000, Tandil, Argentina.,Tandil Veterinary Research Center (CIVETAN) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Comisión de investigaciones científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Tandil, B7000, Argentina
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26
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Sosa BR, Niu Y, Turajane K, Staats K, Suhardi V, Carli A, Fischetti V, Bostrom M, Yang X. 2020 John Charnley Award: The antimicrobial potential of bacteriophage-derived lysin in a murine debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention model of prosthetic joint infection. Bone Joint J 2020; 102-B:3-10. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.102b7.bjj-2019-1590.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aims Current treatments of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) are minimally effective against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. A murine PJI model of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) was used to test the hypothesis that PlySs2, a bacteriophage-derived lysin, can target S. aureus biofilm and address the unique challenges presented in this periprosthetic environment. Methods The ability of PlySs2 and vancomycin to kill biofilm and colony-forming units (CFUs) on orthopaedic implants were compared using in vitro models. An in vivo murine PJI model of DAIR was used to assess the efficacy of a combination of PlySs2 and vancomycin on periprosthetic bacterial load. Results PlySs2 treatment reduced 99% more CFUs and 75% more biofilm compared with vancomycin in vitro. A combination of PlySs2 and vancomycin in vivo reduced the number of CFUs on the surface of implants by 92% and in the periprosthetic tissue by 88%. Conclusion PlySs2 lysin was able to reduce biofilm, target planktonic bacteria, and work synergistically with vancomycin in our in vitro models. A combination of PlySs2 and vancomycin also reduced bacterial load in periprosthetic tissue and on the surface of implants in a murine model of DAIR treatment for established PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7 Supple B):3–10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - YingZhen Niu
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Kevin Staats
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Alberto Carli
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Xu Yang
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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27
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Cheng WN, Han SG. Bovine mastitis: risk factors, therapeutic strategies, and alternative treatments - A review. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020; 33:1699-1713. [PMID: 32777908 PMCID: PMC7649072 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.20.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most common disease of dairy cattle causing economic losses due to reduced yield and poor quality of milk. The etiological agents include a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and can be either contagious (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma spp.) or environmental (e.g., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus uberis). Improving sanitation such as enhanced milking hygiene, implementation of post-milking teat disinfection, maintenance of milking machines are general measures to prevent new cases of mastitis, but treatment of active mastitis infection is dependant mainly on antibiotics. However, the extensive use of antibiotics increased concerns about emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and that led the dairy industries to reduce the use of antibiotics. Therefore, alternative therapies for prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis, particularly natural products from plants and animals, have been sought. This review provides an overview of bovine mastitis in the aspects of risk factors, control and treatments, and emerging therapeutic alternatives in the control of bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Nee Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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28
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Niaz T, Shabbir S, Noor T, Imran M. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of bacteriocin loaded nano-vesicles functionalized with rhamnolipids against foodborne pathogens. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Tran HA, Tran PA. Immobilization-Enhanced Eradication of Bacterial Biofilms and in situ Antimicrobial Coating of Implant Material Surface - an in vitro Study. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9351-9360. [PMID: 31819436 PMCID: PMC6890190 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s219487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate a new method of in situ biofilm treatment for infected prostheses that remove bacterial biofilm and prevent reinfection through the use of an immobilizing agent in combination with the actions of biofilm-lysing enzymes and bactericidal antimicrobials. METHODS We investigated the combination of self-immobilization chemistry of dopamine with a biofilm-lysing enzyme, α-amylase (Am), and an antimicrobial agent, silver nitrate (Ag), to treat model Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilms formed on titanium. The efficacy of biofilm removal and bacterial treatment was analyzed by crystal violet, colony-forming unit assays, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To confirm the in situ coating of the titanium surface with antimicrobial Ag as a strategy to prevent bacterial recolonization, SEM in secondary electron mode (SE), backscatter electron mode, (BSE) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) were used. The antimicrobial activity of the coated surface was evaluated by optical density measurement and colony-forming unit assays. RESULTS Polydopamine (PDA)-assisted treatment showed approximately a 2 log reduction in recoverable CFU and a 15% increase in biofilm removal efficacy compared to treatments that had only Am or Ag. More importantly, PDA-assisted treatment was found to immobilize Ag on the surface after the treatment, rendering them resistant to bacterial recolonization. CONCLUSION Our in vitro findings suggested that this PDA-assisted treatment and the surface immobilization-enhanced treatment concept could be promising in the development of advanced treatment for implant retention surgery for an infected prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien A Tran
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Interface Science and Materials Engineering (ISME) Group, QUT, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, QUT, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Interface Science and Materials Engineering (ISME) Group, QUT, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, QUT, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
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30
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Angelopoulou A, Warda AK, Hill C, Ross RP. Non-antibiotic microbial solutions for bovine mastitis – live biotherapeutics, bacteriophage, and phage lysins. Crit Rev Microbiol 2019; 45:564-580. [DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1648381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Angelopoulou
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Alicja K. Warda
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork, Ireland
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31
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Godoy-Santos F, Pitts B, Stewart PS, Mantovani HC. Nisin penetration and efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms under continuous-flow conditions. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2019; 165:761-771. [PMID: 31088602 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms may enhance the tolerance of bacterial pathogens to disinfectants, biocides and other stressors by restricting the penetration of antimicrobials into the matrix-enclosed cell aggregates, which contributes to the recalcitrance of biofilm-associated infections. In this work, we performed real-time monitoring of the penetration of nisin into the interior of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms under continuous flow and compared the efficacy of this lantibiotic against planktonic and sessile cells of S. aureus. Biofilms were grown in Center for Disease Control (CDC) reactors and the spatial and temporal effects of nisin action on S. aureus cells were monitored by real-time confocal microscopy. Under continuous flow, nisin caused loss of membrane integrity of sessile cells and reached the bottom of the biofilms within ~20 min of exposure. Viability analysis using propidium iodide staining indicated that nisin was bactericidal against S. aureus biofilm cells. Time-kill assays showed that S. aureus viability reduced 6.71 and 1.64 log c.f.u. ml-1 for homogenized planktonic cells in exponential and stationary phase, respectively. For the homogenized and intact S. aureus CDC biofilms, mean viability decreased 1.25 and 0.50 log c.f.u. ml-1, respectively. Our results demonstrate the kinetics of biofilm killing by nisin under continuous-flow conditions, and shows that alterations in the physiology of S. aureus cells contribute to variations in sensitivity to the lantibiotic. The approach developed here could be useful to evaluate the antibiofilm efficacy of other bacteriocins either independently or in combination with other antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Godoy-Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Betsey Pitts
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Philip S Stewart
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Hilario C Mantovani
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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32
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Duman ZE, Ünlü A, Çakar MM, Ünal H, Binay B. Enhanced production of recombinant Staphylococcus simulans lysostaphin using medium engineering. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:521-528. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1599393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Efsun Duman
- Department of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Aişe Ünlü
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mervan Çakar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Ünal
- Nanotechnology Research Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Barış Binay
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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33
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Godoy-Santos F, Pinto MS, Barbosa AAT, Brito MAVP, Mantovani HC. Efficacy of a Ruminal Bacteriocin Against Pure and Mixed Cultures of Bovine Mastitis Pathogens. Indian J Microbiol 2019; 59:304-312. [PMID: 31388207 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins have been suggested as an alternative to conventional antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of mastitis infections. Predominant bacteria associated with bovine mastitis (n = 276 isolates) were evaluated for their susceptibility to bovicin HC5, a ruminal bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus equinus HC5. Bovicin HC5 inhibited most (> 80%) of the streptococcal and staphylococcal strains tested, but showed no effect against Escherichia coli strains. Susceptibility and resistance testing indicated that approximately 95% of the S. aureus strains were inhibited by concentrations of bovicin HC5 varying from 40 to 2560 AU ml-1. Bovicin HC5 (62.50 AU ml-1) also inhibited the growth of aerobic and anaerobic mixed cultures of S. aureus and S. agalactiae, but the combination with 0.25 mmol l-1 of EDTA showed even greater bactericidal activity. These results demonstrate that bovicin HC5 is effective against the most prevalent pathogens found in contagious udder infections and could complement the use antibiotics in mastitis prophylaxis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Godoy-Santos
- 1Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Pinto
- 1Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil.,2Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ana A T Barbosa
- 1Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil.,3Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil
| | | | - Hilário C Mantovani
- 1Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil
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Yong YY, Dykes GA, Choo WS. Biofilm formation by staphylococci in health-related environments and recent reports on their control using natural compounds. Crit Rev Microbiol 2019; 45:201-222. [PMID: 30786799 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1573802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococci are Gram-positive bacteria that are ubiquitous in the environment and able to form biofilms on a range of surfaces. They have been associated with a range of human health issues such as medical device-related infection, localized skin infection, or direct infection caused by toxin production. The extracellular material produced by these bacteria resists antibiotics and host defence mechanism which complicates the treatment process. The commonly reported Staphylococcus species are Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis as they inhabit human bodies. However, the emergence of other staphylococci, such as S. haemolyticus, S. lugdunensis, S. saprophyticus, S. capitis, S. saccharolyticus, S. warneri, S. cohnii, and S. hominis, is also of concern and they have been associated with biofilm formation. This review critically assesses recent cases on the biofilm formation by S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and other staphylococci reported in health-related environments. The control of biofilm formation by staphylococci using natural compounds is specifically discussed as they represent potential anti-biofilm agents which may reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yi Yong
- a School of Science , Monash University Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Gary A Dykes
- b School of Public Health , Curtin University , Bentley , Australia
| | - Wee Sim Choo
- a School of Science , Monash University Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
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35
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Antonoplis A, Zang X, Huttner MA, Chong KKL, Lee YB, Co JY, Amieva MR, Kline KA, Wender PA, Cegelski L. A Dual-Function Antibiotic-Transporter Conjugate Exhibits Superior Activity in Sterilizing MRSA Biofilms and Killing Persister Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16140-16151. [PMID: 30388366 PMCID: PMC6430714 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
New strategies are urgently needed to target MRSA, a major global health problem and the leading cause of mortality from antibiotic-resistant infections in many countries. Here, we report a general approach to this problem exemplified by the design and synthesis of a vancomycin-d-octaarginine conjugate (V-r8) and investigation of its efficacy in addressing antibiotic-insensitive bacterial populations. V-r8 eradicated MRSA biofilm and persister cells in vitro, outperforming vancomycin by orders of magnitude. It also eliminated 97% of biofilm-associated MRSA in a murine wound infection model and displayed no acute dermal toxicity. This new dual-function conjugate displays enhanced cellular accumulation and membrane perturbation as compared to vancomycin. Based on its rapid and potent activity against biofilm and persister cells, V-r8 is a promising agent against clinical MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Antonoplis
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Zang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Melanie A. Huttner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kelvin K. L. Chong
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
- Nanyang Technological University Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553
| | - Yu B. Lee
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Julia Y. Co
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Manuel R. Amieva
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kimberly A. Kline
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Paul A. Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Lynette Cegelski
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Castelani L, Arcaro JRP, Braga JEP, Bosso AS, Moura Q, Esposito F, Sauter IP, Cortez M, Lincopan N. Short communication: Activity of nisin, lipid bilayer fragments and cationic nisin-lipid nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine mastitis. J Dairy Sci 2018; 102:678-683. [PMID: 30415844 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococci are the main etiological agents of bovine mastitis. Bacteriocins and nanoparticles have emerged as promising alternatives for the future development of antimicrobial agents. This study evaluated the activity of the bacteriocin nisin and bicelles of the synthetic cationic lipid dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide, alone and in combination, against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus spp. strains isolated from bovine mastitis. In summary, cationic nisin/dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide nanoparticles are shown to be a promising alternative for the control of mastitis caused by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Castelani
- Institute of Animal Science, Dairy Cattle Center, Nova Odessa, São Paulo, Brazil 13380-011; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900.
| | - J R P Arcaro
- Institute of Animal Science, Dairy Cattle Center, Nova Odessa, São Paulo, Brazil 13380-011
| | - J E P Braga
- Institute of Animal Science, Dairy Cattle Center, Nova Odessa, São Paulo, Brazil 13380-011
| | - A S Bosso
- Institute of Animal Science, Dairy Cattle Center, Nova Odessa, São Paulo, Brazil 13380-011
| | - Q Moura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900
| | - F Esposito
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900
| | - I P Sauter
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900
| | - M Cortez
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900
| | - N Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-900.
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Nahar S, Mizan MFR, Ha AJW, Ha SD. Advances and Future Prospects of Enzyme-Based Biofilm Prevention Approaches in the Food Industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1484-1502. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shamsun Nahar
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Chung-Ang Univ.; Anseong Gyeonggi-Do 456-756 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Angela Jie-won Ha
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Chung-Ang Univ.; Anseong Gyeonggi-Do 456-756 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Chung-Ang Univ.; Anseong Gyeonggi-Do 456-756 Republic of Korea
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Sharma C, Rokana N, Chandra M, Singh BP, Gulhane RD, Gill JPS, Ray P, Puniya AK, Panwar H. Antimicrobial Resistance: Its Surveillance, Impact, and Alternative Management Strategies in Dairy Animals. Front Vet Sci 2018; 4:237. [PMID: 29359135 PMCID: PMC5766636 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), one among the most common priority areas identified by both national and international agencies, is mushrooming as a silent pandemic. The advancement in public health care through introduction of antibiotics against infectious agents is now being threatened by global development of multidrug-resistant strains. These strains are product of both continuous evolution and un-checked antimicrobial usage (AMU). Though antibiotic application in livestock has largely contributed toward health and productivity, it has also played significant role in evolution of resistant strains. Although, a significant emphasis has been given to AMR in humans, trends in animals, on other hand, are not much emphasized. Dairy farming involves surplus use of antibiotics as prophylactic and growth promoting agents. This non-therapeutic application of antibiotics, their dosage, and withdrawal period needs to be re-evaluated and rationally defined. A dairy animal also poses a serious risk of transmission of resistant strains to humans and environment. Outlining the scope of the problem is necessary for formulating and monitoring an active response to AMR. Effective and commendably connected surveillance programs at multidisciplinary level can contribute to better understand and minimize the emergence of resistance. Besides, it requires a renewed emphasis on investments into research for finding alternate, safe, cost effective, and innovative strategies, parallel to discovery of new antibiotics. Nevertheless, numerous direct or indirect novel approaches based on host-microbial interaction and molecular mechanisms of pathogens are also being developed and corroborated by researchers to combat the threat of resistance. This review places a concerted effort to club the current outline of AMU and AMR in dairy animals; ongoing global surveillance and monitoring programs; its impact at animal human interface; and strategies for combating resistance with an extensive overview on possible alternates to current day antibiotics that could be implemented in livestock sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Sharma
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Namita Rokana
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Mudit Chandra
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Brij Pal Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Rohini Devidas Gulhane
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Jatinder Paul Singh Gill
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Pallab Ray
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Puniya
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
| | - Harsh Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India
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Deng Q, Pu Y, Sun L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang R, Liao J, Xu D, Liu Y, Ye R, Fang Z, Gooneratne R. Antimicrobial peptide AMPNT-6 from Bacillus subtilis inhibits biofilm formation by Shewanella putrefaciens and disrupts its preformed biofilms on both abiotic and shrimp shell surfaces. Food Res Int 2017; 102:8-13. [PMID: 29196015 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Shewanella putrefaciens biofilm formation is of great concern for the shrimp industry because it adheres easily to food and food-contact surfaces and is a source of persistent and unseen contamination that causes shrimp spoilage and economic losses to the shrimp industry. Different concentrations of an antimicrobial lipopeptide, the fermentation product of Bacillus subtilis, AMPNT-6, were tested for the ability to reduce adhesion and disrupt S. putrefaciens preformed biofilms on two different contact surfaces (shrimp shell, stainless steel sheet). AMPNT-6 displayed a marked dose- and time-dependent anti-adhesive effect>biofilm removal. 3MIC AMPNT-6 was able both to remove biofilm and prevent bacteria from forming biofilm in a 96-well polystyrene microplate used as the model surface. 2MIC AMPNT-6 prevented bacteria from adhering to the microplate surface to form biofilm for 3h and removed already existing biofilm within 24h. Secretion of extracellular polymeric substances incubated in LB broth for 24h by S. putrefaciens was minimal at 3× MIC AMPNT-6. Scanning electron microscopy showed that damage to S. putrefaciens bacteria by AMPNT-6 possibly contributed to the non-adherence to the surfaces. Disruption of the mature biofilm structure by AMPNT-6 contributed to biofilm removal. It is concluded that AMPNT-6 can be used effectively to prevent attachment and also detach S. putrefaciens biofilms from shrimp shells, stainless steel sheets and polystyrene surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuehua Pu
- Bureau of Quality and technology Supervise of Zhanjiang City, Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yaling Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- National Marine Products Quality Supervision & Inspection Center, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Rundong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianmeng Liao
- Zhanjiang Food and Drug Administration, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Defeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Riying Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhijia Fang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, No. 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand
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40
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Kierończyk B, Sassek M, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Kołodziejski P, Rawski M, Świątkiewicz S, Józefiak D. The physiological response of broiler chickens to the dietary supplementation of the bacteriocin nisin and ionophore coccidiostats. Poult Sci 2017; 96:4026-4037. [PMID: 29050441 PMCID: PMC5850792 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with nisin alone or in combination with salinomycin or monensin on broiler chickens in terms of growth performance, selected blood parameters, digestive enzyme activity, apparent nutrient digestibility, and tibiotarsus mineralization, as well as selected gastrointestinal tract (GIT) organ weights, intestinal length, and central immune organ weights. Two independent experiments, each including 400 one-day-old female Ross 308 chicks differing in ionophore coccidiostats, i.e., salinomycin and monensin supplementation, were conducted. The following treatments were applied: experiment 1: NA-no additives, SAL-salinomycin (60 mg/kg diet), NIS-nisin (2,700 IU/kg diet), SAL+NIS-salinomycin (60 mg/kg diet) and nisin (2,700 IU/kg diet); experiment 2: NA-no additives, MON-monensin (100 mg/kg diet), NIS-nisin (2,700 IU/kg diet) and MON+NIS-monensin (100 mg/kg diet) and nisin (2,700 IU/kg diet). The addition of nisin with or without ionophores to the birds' diet improved broiler growth performance in terms of BWG and FCR (days 1 to 14) and BWG and FI (15 to 35 d; 1 to 35 d). Salinomycin showed effects similar to those of nisin influence on growth performance (1 to 35 d), while monensin supplementation resulted in lower BWG. Moreover, no additive effect between nisin and ionophores was observed. Nisin and salinomycin had no influence on the serum concentration of selected hormones and other blood biochemical parameters except glucose, which was reduced by nisin. A decrease in lipase activity was observed during nisin and salinomycin supplementation, while the apparent ileal digestibility of fat was not affected. However, the digestibility of crude protein increased with nisin administration. Additionally, the effects of nisin on decreasing the weight and length of GIT segments were observed. Supplementation with nisin and monensin was not associated with a negative impact on tibiotarsus mineralization and the immune organ index. This study suggests that nisin may be used in broiler nutrition as a growth promotor, with no negative influence on the bird's metabolism or immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kierończyk
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60–637 Poznań, Poland
| | - M Sassek
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60–637 Poznań, Poland
| | - E Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60–637 Poznań, Poland
| | - P Kołodziejski
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60–637 Poznań, Poland
| | - M Rawski
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60–637 Poznań, Poland
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Division of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture, ul. Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
| | - S Świątkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul. Krakowska 1, 32–083 Balice, Poland
| | - D Józefiak
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60–637 Poznań, Poland
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41
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Duarte AFDS, Ceotto-Vigoder H, Barrias ES, Souto-Padrón TCBS, Nes IF, Bastos MDCDF. Hyicin 4244, the first sactibiotic described in staphylococci, exhibits an anti-staphylococcal biofilm activity. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 51:349-356. [PMID: 28705677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hyicin 4244 is a small antimicrobial peptide with a broad spectrum of activity that was found in the culture supernatant of Staphylococcus hyicus 4244, the genome of which was then sequenced. The bacteriocin gene cluster (hyiSABCDEFG) was mined from its single chromosome and exhibited a genetic organization similar to that of subtilosin A. All genes involved in hyicin 4244 biosynthesis proved to be transcribed and encode proteins that share at least 42% similarity to proteins encoded by the subtilosin A gene cluster. Due to its resemblance to subtilosin A and the presence of three thioether bonds in its structure, hyicin 4244 is assumed to be a 35-amino acid circular sactibiotic, the first to be described in staphylococci. Hyicin 4244 inhibited 14 staphylococcal isolates from either human infections or bovine mastitis, all biofilm formers. Hyicin 4244 significantly reduced the number of colony-forming units (CFU) and the biofilm formation by two strong biofilm-forming strains randomly chosen as representatives of the strains involved in human infections and bovine mastitis. It also reduced the proliferation and viability of sessile cells in established biofilms. Therefore, hyicin 4244 proved not only to prevent biofilm formation by planktonic cells, but also to penetrate the biofilm matrix in vitro, exerting bactericidal activity against staphylococcal sessile cells. This bacteriocin has the potential to become an alternative antimicrobial for either prevention or treatment of biofilm-related infections caused by different staphylococcal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza Freitas de Souza Duarte
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Hilana Ceotto-Vigoder
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emile Santos Barrias
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | | | - Ingolf Figved Nes
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Norwegian University of Life Science, Ås, Norway
| | - Maria do Carmo de Freire Bastos
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Mathur H, Field D, Rea MC, Cotter PD, Hill C, Ross RP. Bacteriocin-Antimicrobial Synergy: A Medical and Food Perspective. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1205. [PMID: 28706513 PMCID: PMC5489601 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuing emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens has sparked an interest in seeking alternative therapeutic options. Antimicrobial combinatorial therapy is one such avenue. A number of studies have been conducted, involving combinations of bacteriocins with other antimicrobials, to circumvent the development of antimicrobial resistance and/or increase antimicrobial potency. Such bacteriocin-antimicrobial combinations could have tremendous value, in terms of reducing the likelihood of resistance development due to the involvement of two distinct mechanisms of antimicrobial action. Furthermore, antimicrobial synergistic interactions may also have potential financial implications in terms of decreasing the costs of treatment by reducing the concentration of an expensive antimicrobial and utilizing it in combination with an inexpensive one. In addition, combinatorial therapies with bacteriocins can broaden antimicrobial spectra and/or result in a reduction in the concentration of an antibiotic required for effective treatments to the extent that potentially toxic or adverse side effects can be reduced or eliminated. Here, we review studies in which bacteriocins were found to be effective in combination with other antimicrobials, with a view to targeting clinical and/or food-borne pathogens. Furthermore, we discuss some of the bottlenecks which are currently hindering the development of bacteriocins as viable therapeutic options, as well as addressing the need to exercise caution when attempting to predict clinical outcomes of bacteriocin-antimicrobial combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Mathur
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, MooreparkCork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | - Des Field
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College CorkCork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | - Mary C Rea
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, MooreparkCork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, MooreparkCork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College CorkCork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College CorkCork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College CorkCork, Ireland
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43
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Wittekind M, Schuch R. Cell wall hydrolases and antibiotics: exploiting synergy to create efficacious new antimicrobial treatments. Curr Opin Microbiol 2016; 33:18-24. [PMID: 27257994 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell wall hydrolases (CWH) are enzymes that build, remodel and degrade peptidoglycan within bacterial cell walls and serve essential roles in cell-wall metabolism, bacteriophage adsorption and bacteriolysis, environmental niche expansion, as well as eukaryotic innate immune defense against bacterial infection. Some CWHs, when tested as recombinant purified proteins, have been shown to have bactericidal activities both as single agents and in combinations with other antimicrobials, displaying synergies in vitro and potent activities in animal models of infection greater than the single agents alone. We summarize in vitro, in vivo, and mechanistic studies that illustrate ACWH synergy with antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, and other ACWHs, underscoring the overall synergistic potential of the ACWH class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wittekind
- ContraFect Corporation, 28 Wells Avenue, 3rd Floor, Yonkers, NY 10701, United States.
| | - Raymond Schuch
- ContraFect Corporation, 28 Wells Avenue, 3rd Floor, Yonkers, NY 10701, United States
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