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Liu X, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhang R, Shi X, Pan F, Qiao D, Xin Q, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Li C, Lang Y, Shao L. A novel heterozygous variant of the SALL1 gene with atypical Townes-Brocks syndrome phenotypes in Chinese family. Nephrology (Carlton) 2024; 29:541-546. [PMID: 38584358 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Townes-Brocks syndrome (TBS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by the triad of anorectal, thumb, and ear malformations. It may also be accompanied by defects in kidney, heart, eyes, hearing, and feet. TBS has been demonstrated to result from heterozygous variants in the SALL1 gene, which encodes zinc finger protein believed to function as a transcriptional repressor. The clinical characteristics of an atypical TBS phenotype patient from a Chinese family are described, with predominant manifestations including external ear dysplasia, unilateral renal hypoplasia with mild renal dysfunction, and hearing impairment. A novel heterozygous variant c.3060T>A (p.Tyr1020*) in exon 2 of the SALL1 gene was identified in this proband. Pyrosequencing of the complementary DNA of the proband revealed that the variant transcript accounted for 48% of the total transcripts in peripheral leukocytes, indicating that this variant transcript has not undergone nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This variant c.3060T > A is located at the terminal end of exon 2, proximal to the 3' end of the SALL1 gene, and exerts a relatively minor impact on protein function. We suggest that the atypical TBS phenotype observed in the proband may be attributed to the truncated protein retaining partial SALL1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruixiao Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengjiao Pan
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Xin
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changying Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanhua Lang
- Department of Materials, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Leping Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
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Tan RL, Sciandra F, Hübner W, Bozzi M, Reimann J, Schoch S, Brancaccio A, Blaess S. The missense mutation C667F in murine β-dystroglycan causes embryonic lethality, myopathy and blood-brain barrier destabilization. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050594. [PMID: 38616731 PMCID: PMC11212641 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) is an extracellular matrix receptor consisting of an α- and a β-DG subunit encoded by the DAG1 gene. The homozygous mutation (c.2006G>T, p.Cys669Phe) in β-DG causes muscle-eye-brain disease with multicystic leukodystrophy in humans. In a mouse model of this primary dystroglycanopathy, approximately two-thirds of homozygous embryos fail to develop to term. Mutant mice that are born undergo a normal postnatal development but show a late-onset myopathy with partially penetrant histopathological changes and an impaired performance on an activity wheel. Their brains and eyes are structurally normal, but the localization of mutant β-DG is altered in the glial perivascular end-feet, resulting in a perturbed protein composition of the blood-brain and blood-retina barrier. In addition, α- and β-DG protein levels are significantly reduced in muscle and brain of mutant mice. Owing to the partially penetrant developmental phenotype of the C669F β-DG mice, they represent a novel and highly valuable mouse model with which to study the molecular effects of β-DG functional alterations both during embryogenesis and in mature muscle, brain and eye, and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of primary dystroglycanopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lois Tan
- Neurodevelopmental Genetics, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Francesca Sciandra
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ‘Giulio Natta’ (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Biomolecular Photonics, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Manuela Bozzi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ‘Giulio Natta’ (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie. Sezione di Biochimica. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Jens Reimann
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Diseases Section, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Schoch
- Synaptic Neuroscience Team, Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Brancaccio
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ‘Giulio Natta’ (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168 Rome, Italy
- School of Biochemistry, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sandra Blaess
- Neurodevelopmental Genetics, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Mohan S, McNulty S, Thaxton C, Elnagheeb M, Owens E, Flowers M, Nunnery T, Self A, Palus B, Gorokhova S, Kennedy A, Niu Z, Johari M, Maiga AB, Macalalad K, Clause AR, Beckmann JS, Bronicki L, Cooper ST, Ganesh VS, Kang PB, Kesari A, Lek M, Levy J, Rufibach L, Savarese M, Spencer MJ, Straub V, Tasca G, Weihl CC. Expert Panel Curation of 31 Genes in Relation to Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592369. [PMID: 38765987 PMCID: PMC11100593 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a group of genetically heterogeneous autosomal conditions with some degree of phenotypic homogeneity. LGMD is defined as having onset >2 years of age with progressive proximal weakness, elevated serum creatine kinase levels and dystrophic features on muscle biopsy. Advances in massively parallel sequencing have led to a surge in genes linked to LGMD. Methods The ClinGen Muscular Dystrophies and Myopathies gene curation expert panel (MDM GCEP, formerly Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy GCEP) convened to evaluate the strength of evidence supporting gene-disease relationships (GDR) using the ClinGen gene-disease clinical validity framework to evaluate 31 genes implicated in LGMD. Results The GDR was exclusively LGMD for 17 genes, whereas an additional 14 genes were related to a broader phenotype encompassing congenital weakness. Four genes (CAPN3, COL6A1, COL6A2, COL6A3) were split into two separate disease entities, based on each displaying both dominant and recessive inheritance patterns, resulting in curation of 35 GDRs. Of these, 30 (86%) were classified as Definitive, 4 (11%) as Moderate and 1 (3%) as Limited. Two genes, POMGNT1 and DAG1, though definitively related to myopathy, currently have insufficient evidence to support a relationship specifically with LGMD. Conclusions The expert-reviewed assertions on the clinical validity of genes implicated in LGMDs form an invaluable resource for clinicians and molecular geneticists. We encourage the global neuromuscular community to publish case-level data that help clarify disputed or novel LGMD associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Mohan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shannon McNulty
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Courtney Thaxton
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marwa Elnagheeb
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Emma Owens
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - May Flowers
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Teagan Nunnery
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Autumn Self
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brooke Palus
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Svetlana Gorokhova
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, U 1251, Marseille, France
- Department of Medical Genetics, Timone Children's Hospital, APHM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Zhiyv Niu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic
| | - Mridul Johari
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucas Bronicki
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra T Cooper
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney; Functional Neuromics, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Vijay S Ganesh
- Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Peter B Kang
- Greg Marzolf Jr. Muscular Dystrophy Center and Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Monkol Lek
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trusts, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trusts, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Yue H, Cao H, Zhi Y, Song G, Cheng J, He M. Molecular study of patients with odontohypophosphatasia resulting from missense mutation in ALPL. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38591765 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yusheng Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Karaselek MA, Kurar E, Keleş S, Güner ŞN, Reisli İ. Association of NK cell subsets and cytotoxicity with FCGR3A gene polymorphism in functional NK cell deficiency. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20230872. [PMID: 38422319 PMCID: PMC10903273 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the association between clinical, laboratory, and functional analyses and polymorphism in the FCGR3A gene in individuals with functional NK cell deficiency. METHODS A total of 15 functional NK cell deficiency patients and 10 age-matched healthy controls underwent NK cell subgroup, cytotoxicity, and FCGR3A whole-exome analysis with next-generation sequencing. RESULTS Three different NK cell subsets (CD56brightCD16neg, CD56brightCD16int, and CD56dimCD16hi) were identified. No statistically significant difference was found in the ratio of CD56brightCD16neg cells between patients and controls. CD56brightCD16int and CD56dimCD16hi ratios were found to be significantly lower in patients. As a result of NK cell cytotoxicity analysis, a proportional decrease of K562 amount between patients and controls was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). In the FCGR3A whole-exome analysis, all patients were found to be homozygous mutant for the c.526G > T (p.V176F) in exon 4, while three patients were homozygous wild type and 12 patients were heterozygous for the c.197T>A (p.L66H) in exon 3. CONCLUSION In this study, a group of pediatric patients with suspected functional NK cell deficiency were evaluated and the findings indicated that NK subsets, cytotoxicity results, and FCGR3A gene polymorphism were found to be correlated with the clinical features. We conclude that this kind of study might contribute to follow-up the patients in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Karaselek
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology - Konya, Turkey
| | - Ercan Kurar
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology - Konya, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keleş
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy - Konya, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Nail Güner
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy - Konya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Reisli
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy - Konya, Turkey
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Gharesouran J, Hosseinzadeh H, Ghergherechi R, Shiva S, Taheri M, Liehr T, Rezazadeh M. Loss of helicase C-terminal domain of SMARCAL1 protein associated with severe Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155092. [PMID: 38218042 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a rare multi-system condition caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in the SMARCAL1 gene. This disorder is characterized by disproportionate growth failure, T-cell deficiency, and renal dysfunction. Pathogenic variants in the SMARCAL1 gene have been reported in only approximately half of SIOD-affected individuals. Among these alterations, nonsense and frameshift mutations generally lead to a severe phenotype with early onset. In this study, we identified novel mutations in an Iranian patient with SIOD. A 4-year-old girl with developmental delay and facial dysmorphism was referred to our center for molecular diagnosis. We applied whole-exome and Sanger sequencing for co-segregation analysis. Subsequently, bioinformatic analysis was performed to assess the pathogenic effects of the variants and their post-transcriptional effects. We discovered two novel mutations (c.2281delT and c.2283delA) in exon 15 of the SMARCAL1 gene, resulting in a truncated protein with a loss of 193 amino acids (p.S761Rfs*1). Variant effect predictors indicated that these variants are pathogenic, and multi-sequence alignments revealed high conservation of this region among different species. Given that our patient exhibited severe a phenotype and passed away soon after receiving a definitive molecular diagnosis, we propose that the loss of the helicase C-terminal domain in the deleted part of SMARCAL1 may lead to the severe form of SIOD. Besides, the combination of growth retardation and bone abnormalities also plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Gharesouran
- Department of Medical Genetics, GMG center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Division of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Research and Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, GMG center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Division of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Research and Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Robabeh Ghergherechi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Research and Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan,Iran
| | - Siamak Shiva
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Research and Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan,Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Jiang L, Wang C, Ye Z, Hu Q. A novel missense COL9A3 variant in a pedigree with multiple lumbar disc herniation. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:19. [PMID: 38166944 PMCID: PMC10762954 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Trp3 allele in COL9A3 gene has been widely studied in populations with intervertebral disc disease. We identified a novel pathogenic variant in COL9A3 gene in a pedigree with multiple lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The proband was a 14-year-old boy who developed LDH at the L4/5 and L5/S1 spinal segments. His father, paternal aunt and grandfather were diagnosed with LDH at an age of 35, 30 and 23, respectively. By applying whole exome sequencing, a heterozygous missense variant (c.1150C > T, p.Arg384Trp) in COL9A3 was identified. According to the ACMG guidelines, this variant is predicted to be pathogenic. In addition, prediction tools found COL9A3 protein of this variant a reduced stability, some changed charge properties, and an altered spatial conformation. Findings expanded the mutational spectrum of LDH and contributed to the understanding of COL9A3 in the pathogenesis of LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejian Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1# Shangcheng Road, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenhuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1# Shangcheng Road, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Qingfeng Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1# Shangcheng Road, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Aslam S, Zhang Z, Latif Z. Identification of novel homozygous missense and deletion mutations manifesting oligospermia infertility in Kashmiri population. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3589. [PMID: 37649129 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human male infertility has a lot of known molecular components that have an accurate diagnosis, such as Y chromosome deletion and monogenic causes. Only 4% of all infertile males are diagnosed with genetic causes, while 60-70% of infertile men remain without an accurate diagnosis and are classified as unexplained. Oligospermia is a major cause of human male infertility. Its etiology and pathogenesis are linked to genetic abnormalities. The majority of genetic causes related to human male infertility remain unclear. RESULTS Generally, we found a significant association between the specific type of disease and gender (p = 0.003), and the regression value (R2 ) for this association was 0.75. Association of the type of disease with body mass index was not significant (p = 0.34). There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.40) among disease types with patients occupations. All explored mutations are listed for primary and secondary infertility in relation to the oligospermia condition. p.Arg286X is the outcome of a mismatch mutation in which the nucleotide change resulted in the substitution of Arg (arginine) amino acid with X (any amino acid) at position 286 in the Hyal3 gene of primary infertile patients having oligospermia. In primary infertile patients with the p.Arg286X mutation, a frameshift deletion mutation was also found just after the 25 nucleotide sequences of the Hyal3 genes of the second mutated exon. This deletion mutation was only detected in patients with primary infertility and was not found in people with secondary infertility or healthy controls. The other mutations in secondary infertile patients with oligospermia were: p.Lys168Ser, replacement of lysine (Lys) with serine (Ser) at position 168; p.Lys168The, replacement of lysine (Lys) with threonine (The) at position 168; p.His113X, substitution of histidine (His) with an unknown amino acid (X) at position 113; p.Pro162X, substitution of proline (Pro) with an unknown amino acid (X) at position 162; and p.Phe157X, phenylalanine (Phe) substitution with an unknown amino acid (X) at position 157. CONCLUSION This study clarifies the site of novel mismatch and frameshift deletion mutations in the Hyal3 gene in primary infertile oligospermia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanwal Aslam
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- State key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Zahid Latif
- Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
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Yang T, Chen R, Zhang M, Jing R, Geng J, Wei G, Luo Y, Xiao P, Hong R, Feng J, Fu S, Zhao H, Cui J, Huang S, Huang H, Hu Y. Relapsed/Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With UNC13D and CD27 Germline Mutations. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897231221887. [PMID: 38183241 PMCID: PMC10771736 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231221887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe hyperinflammatory disease characterized by familial and acquired forms. Here, we present the case of a 26-year-old male patient with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma and concurrent HLH. Whole-exon sequencing revealed germline mutations associated with HLH, including those in critical genes such as CD27 and UNC13D and other germline heterozygous variants (NOTCH2, NOTCH3, IL2RA, TYK2, AGL, CFD, and F13A1). CD107a analyses consistently demonstrated impaired degranulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. Examination of the patient's family pedigree revealed that his father and mother harbored UNC13D and CD27 mutations, respectively; his brother carried the same CD27 heterozygous mutation. However, none of them manifested the disease. Despite the missense mutation of CD27 (c.779C>T; p.Pro260Leu) lacking previous documentation in databases, comprehensive analysis suggested non-pathogenic mutations in the CD27 variant, indicating minimal impact on T- and NK-cell functions. These results ultimately supported the option of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as a successful curative therapeutic approach. As of this report, the patient has remained free of lymphoma and quiescent HLH 15.2 months post-HSCT. This study underscores the efficacy of genetic tests in identifying significant mutations and confirming their etiologies, providing an early basis for treatment decisions and the selection of suitable transplant donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Jing
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Wei
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingnan Xiao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruimin Hong
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houli Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhen Cui
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Simao Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
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Cursio I, Siliquini S, Carducci C, Bisello G, Mastrangelo M, Leuzzi V, Bertoldi M, Marini C. Case report: Childhood epilepsy and borderline intellectual functioning hiding an AADC deficiency disorder associated with compound heterozygous DDC gene pathogenic variants. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1284339. [PMID: 38116105 PMCID: PMC10729769 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1284339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder leading to severe combined serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine deficiency. We report on a female patient with borderline functioning and sporadic clear-cut focal to bilateral seizures from age 10 years. A neuropsychological assessment highlighted a mild impairment in executive functions, affecting attention span and visual-spatial abilities. Following the diagnosis of epilepsy with a presumed genetic etiology, we applied a diagnostic approach inclusive of a next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel, which uncovered two variants in trans in the DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) gene underlying an AADC deficiency. This compound heterozygous genotype was associated with a mild reduction of homovanillic acid, a low level of the norepinephrine catabolite, and a significant reduction of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid. Remarkably, 3-O-methyldopa (3-OMD) and 5-hydroxytryptophan were instead increased. During the genetically guided re-evaluation process, some mild signs of dysautonomic dysfunction (nasal congestion, abnormal sweating, hypotension and fainting, excessive sleepiness, small hands and feet, and increased levels of prolactin, tiredness, and fatigue), more typical of AADC deficiency, were evaluated with new insight. Of the two AADC variants, the R347Q has already been characterized as a loss-of-function with severe catalytic impairments, while the novel L391P variant has been predicted to have a less severe impact. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that the amino acid substitution may affect affinity for the PLP coenzyme. Thus, the genotype corresponds to a phenotype with mild and late-onset symptoms, of which seizures were the clinical sign, leading to medical attention. This case report expands the spectrum of AADC deficiency phenotypes to encompass a less-disabling clinical condition including borderline cognitive functioning, drug-responsive epilepsy, and mild autonomic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Cursio
- Child Neurology and Psychiatric Unit, Pediatric Hospital G. Salesi, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sabrina Siliquini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatric Unit, Pediatric Hospital G. Salesi, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza - Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bisello
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Mastrangelo
- Department of Women/Child Health and Urological Science, Sapienza - Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza - Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariarita Bertoldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carla Marini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatric Unit, Pediatric Hospital G. Salesi, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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11
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Zhang Y, Guo X, Hao L, Tian M, Ma Y, Tang Y. Identification of a novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variant in MYO7A causing Usher syndrome type IB in a Chinese patient: a case report. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231218924. [PMID: 38141656 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231218924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the clinical and genetic features of a patient with Usher syndrome type IB to improve our collective understanding of the disorder. The patient was a teenaged boy with congenital profound hearing loss, progressive visual loss, and vestibular hypoplasia; his parents were phenotypically normal. His pure tone audiometry hearing thresholds were 100 dB at all frequencies, and distortion product otoacoustic emission was not elicited at any frequencies in either ear. Moreover, an auditory brainstem response test at 100 dB normal hearing level revealed no relevant response waves, and a caloric test showed vestibular hypoplasia. Fundus examination revealed retinitis pigmentosa and a reduced visual field. The use of high-throughput sequencing technology to screen the patient's family lineage for deafness-related genes revealed that the patient carried a compound heterozygous pathogenic variant of MYO7A: c.541C > T and c.6364delG. This pathogenic variant has not previously been reported. Our findings may provide a basis for genetic counseling, effective treatment, and/or gene therapy for Usher syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Meihui Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- College of Basic Medical Science, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Tang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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12
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Lin F, Yang K, Lin X, Jin M, Chen L, Zheng FZ, Qiu LL, Ye ZX, Chen HZ, Lin MT, Wang N, Wang ZQ. Clinical features, imaging findings and molecular data of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies in a cohort of Chinese patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:356. [PMID: 37974208 PMCID: PMC10652577 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a group of heterogeneous inherited diseases predominantly characterized by limb-girdle muscle weakness and dystrophic changes on histological analysis. The frequency of LGMD subtypes varies among regions in China and ethnic populations worldwide. Here, we analyzed the prevalence of LGMD subtypes, their corresponding clinical manifestations, and molecular data in a cohort of LGMD patients in Southeast China. METHODS A total of 81 consecutive patients with clinically suspected LGMDs from 62 unrelated families across Southeast China were recruited for targeted next-generation sequencing and whole-exome sequencing from July 2017 to February 2020. RESULTS Among 50 patients (41 families) with LGMDs, the most common subtypes were LGMD-R2/LGMD2B (36.6%) and LGMD-R1/LGMD2A (29.3%). Dystroglycanopathies (including LGMD-R9/LGMD2I, LGMD-R11/LGMD2K, LGMD-R14/LGMD2N and LGMD-R20/LGMD2U) were the most common childhood-onset subtypes and were found in 12.2% of the families. A total of 14.6% of the families had the LGMD-R7/LGMD2G subtype, and the mutation c.26_33dupAGGTGTCG in TCAP was the most frequent (83.3%). The only patient with the rare subtype LGMD-R18/LGMD2S had TRAPPC11 mutations; had a later onset than those previously reported, and presented with proximal‒distal muscle weakness, walking aid dependency, fatty liver disease and diabetes at 33 years of age. A total of 22.0% of the patients had cardiac abnormalities, and one patient with LMNA-related muscular dystrophy/LGMD1B experienced sudden cardiac death at 37 years of age. A total of 15.4% of the patients had restrictive respiratory insufficiency. Muscle imaging in patients with LGMD-R1/LGMD2A and LGMD-R2/LGMD2B showed subtle differences, including more severe fatty infiltration of the posterior thigh muscles in those with LGMD-R1/LGMD2A and edema in the lower leg muscles in those with LGMD-R2/LGMD2B. CONCLUSION We determined the prevalence of different LGMD subtypes in Southeast China, described the detailed clinical manifestations and distinct muscle MRI patterns of these LGMD subtypes and reported the frequent mutations and the cardiorespiratory involvement frequency in our cohort, all of which might facilitate the differential diagnosis of LGMDs, allowing more timely treatment and guiding future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Fu-Ze Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Liang-Liang Qiu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Ye
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Zhu Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Min-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Yadav D, Patil-Takbhate B, Khandagale A, Bhawalkar J, Tripathy S, Khopkar-Kale P. Next-Generation sequencing transforming clinical practice and precision medicine. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 551:117568. [PMID: 37839516 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the field of genomics and is rapidly transforming clinical diagnosis and precision medicine. This advanced sequencing technology enables the rapid and cost-effective analysis of large-scale genomic data, allowing comprehensive exploration of the genetic landscape of diseases. In clinical diagnosis, NGS has proven to be a powerful tool for identifying disease-causing variants, enabling accurate and early detection of genetic disorders. Additionally, NGS facilitates the identification of novel disease-associated genes and variants, aiding in the development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment strategies. NGS greatly benefits precision medicine by enhancing our understanding of disease mechanisms and enabling the identification of specific molecular markers for disease subtypes, thus enabling tailored medical interventions based on individual characteristics. Furthermore, NGS contributes to the development of non-invasive diagnostic approaches, such as liquid biopsies, which can monitor disease progression and treatment response. The potential of NGS in clinical diagnosis and precision medicine is vast, yet challenges persist in data analysis, interpretation, and protocol standardization. This review highlights NGS applications in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment strategies, while also addressing challenges and future prospects in fully harnessing genomic potential within clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Yadav
- Central Research Facility, Dr. D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri Pune 411018, India; Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Arts Science and Commerce College, Pimpri Pune 411018, India
| | - Bhagyashri Patil-Takbhate
- Central Research Facility, Dr. D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri Pune 411018, India
| | - Anil Khandagale
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Arts Science and Commerce College, Pimpri Pune 411018, India
| | - Jitendra Bhawalkar
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri Pune 411018, India
| | - Srikanth Tripathy
- Central Research Facility, Dr. D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri Pune 411018, India.
| | - Priyanka Khopkar-Kale
- Central Research Facility, Dr. D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri Pune 411018, India.
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Xu Y, Wang E, Liu T, Wang S, Wu F, Zhao X, Wang A. Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel homozygous missense mutation of LHCGR gene in primary infertile women with empty follicle syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:2436-2445. [PMID: 37462066 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM The genetic basis of empty follicle syndrome (EFS) is largely unknown, and the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic causes of EFS in primary infertile women. METHODS Four affected women diagnosed with anovulation were recruited, and whole exome sequencing (WES) was requested for the genetic diagnosis of the cases. One hundred healthy controls were verified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS A novel homozygous variant of the LHCGR gene (NM_000233:c.1847C>A) was revealed in one affected individual by WES. Trios analysis of the mutation revealed an autosomal recessive pattern. This LHCGR variant was absent in 100 healthy controls and predicted to be highly damaging to the function of LHCGR. CONCLUSIONS The novel variant extends the mutational spectrum of the LHCGR gene associated with female sterility, which promotes the prognostic value of testing for LHCGR mutations in infertile women with EFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Enhua Wang
- Teaching and Research Office of Medical Genetics, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Surong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Ancong Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, China
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15
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Huang F, Zeng J, Liu D, Zhang J, Liang B, Gao J, Yan R, Shi X, Chen J, Song W, Huang HL. A novel frameshift mutation in DNAH6 associated with male infertility and asthenoteratozoospermia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1122004. [PMID: 37424858 PMCID: PMC10324608 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1122004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Asthenoteratozoospermia is one of the most common causes of male infertility. Several genes have been identified as genetic causative factors, but there is a considerable genetic heterogeneity underlying asthenoteratozoospermia. In this study, we performed a genetic analysis of two brothers from a consanguineous Uighur family in China to identify gene mutations causative for asthenoteratozoospermia-related male infertility. Methods Two related patients with asthenoteratozoospermia from a large consanguineous family were sequenced by whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to identify disease-causing genes. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed ultrastructural abnormalities of spermatozoa. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) analysis were used to assess the expression of the mutant messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein. Results A novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.2823dupT, p.Val942Cysfs*21) in DNAH6 was identified in both affected individuals and was predicted to be pathogenic. Papanicolaou staining and electron microscopy revealed multiple morphological and ultrastructural abnormalities of affected spermatozoa. qRT-PCR and IF analysis showed abnormal expression of DNAH6 in affected sperm, probably due to premature termination code and decay of abnormal 3' untranslated region (UTR) region of mRNA. Furthermore, intracytoplasmic sperm injection could achieve successful fertilization in infertile men with DNAH6 mutations. Discussion The novel frameshift mutation identified in DNAH6 may contribute to asthenoteratozoospermia. These findings expand the spectrum of genetic mutations and phenotypes associated with asthenoteratozoospermia and may be useful for genetic and reproductive counseling in male infertility.
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Cahill T, Chan S, Overton IM, Hardiman G. Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Enhanced Mitochondrial Activity as a Cold Adaptive Strategy to Hypothermia in Zebrafish Muscle. Cells 2023; 12:1366. [PMID: 37408201 PMCID: PMC10216211 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilisation of synthetic torpor for interplanetary travel once seemed farfetched. However, mounting evidence points to torpor-induced protective benefits from the main hazards of space travel, namely, exposure to radiation and microgravity. To determine the radio-protective effects of an induced torpor-like state we exploited the ectothermic nature of the Danio rerio (zebrafish) in reducing their body temperatures to replicate the hypothermic states seen during natural torpor. We also administered melatonin as a sedative to reduce physical activity. Zebrafish were then exposed to low-dose radiation (0.3 Gy) to simulate radiation exposure on long-term space missions. Transcriptomic analysis found that radiation exposure led to an upregulation of inflammatory and immune signatures and a differentiation and regeneration phenotype driven by STAT3 and MYOD1 transcription factors. In addition, DNA repair processes were downregulated in the muscle two days' post-irradiation. The effects of hypothermia led to an increase in mitochondrial translation including genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and a downregulation of extracellular matrix and developmental genes. Upon radiation exposure, increases in endoplasmic reticulum stress genes were observed in a torpor+radiation group with downregulation of immune-related and ECM genes. Exposing hypothermic zebrafish to radiation also resulted in a downregulation of ECM and developmental genes however, immune/inflammatory related pathways were downregulated in contrast to that observed in the radiation only group. A cross-species comparison was performed with the muscle of hibernating Ursus arctos horribilis (brown bear) to define shared mechanisms of cold tolerance. Shared responses show an upregulation of protein translation and metabolism of amino acids, as well as a hypoxia response with the shared downregulation of glycolysis, ECM, and developmental genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cahill
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
| | - Sherine Chan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- JLABS at the Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Washington, DC 20012, USA
| | - Ian M. Overton
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK;
| | - Gary Hardiman
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
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Yang L, Fu J, Cheng J, Zhou B, Chen M, Anuchapreeda S, Fu J. Novel, heterozygous, de novo pathogenic variant (c.4963delA: p.Thr1656Glnfs*42) of the NF1 gene in a Chinese family with neurofibromatosis type 1. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:85. [PMID: 37095468 PMCID: PMC10123994 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) presents an autosomal dominant, haploinsufficient, and multisystemic disorder with patches of skin café-au-lait spots, lisch nodules in the iris, even tumors in the peripheral nervous system or fibromatous skin. In this study, a Chinese young woman who suffered from NF1 disease with first-trimester spontaneous abortion was recruited. Analysis for whole exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing, short tandem repeat (STR), and co-segregation was carried out. As results, a novel, heterozygous, de novo pathogenic variant (c.4963delA:p.Thr1656Glnfs*42) of the NF1 gene in the proband was identified. This pathogenic variant of the NF1 gene produced a truncated protein that lost more than one-third of the NF1 protein at the C-terminus including half of the CRAL-TRIO lipid-binding domain and nuclear localization signal (NLS), thus leading to pathogenicity (ACMG criteria: PVS1 + PM2 + PM2). Analysis for NF1 conservation in species revealed high conservation in different species. Analysis of NF1 mRNA levels in different human tissues showed low tissue specificity, which may affect multiple organs presenting other symptoms or phenotypes. Moreover, prenatal NF1 gene diagnosis showed both alleles as wild types. Thus, this NF1 novel variant probably underlays the NF1 pathogenesis in this pedigree, which would help for the diagnosis, genetic counseling, and clinical management of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Yang
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 3-319, Zhongshan Rd, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jiewen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 3-319, Zhongshan Rd, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 3-319, Zhongshan Rd, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Baixu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 3-319, Zhongshan Rd, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Maomei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 3-319, Zhongshan Rd, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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Xiao X, Huang Y, Zhang J, Cao Y, Zhang M. Identification of two variants in PAX3 and FBN1 in a Chinese family with Waardenburg and Marfan syndrome via whole exome sequencing. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:114. [PMID: 37000337 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Both Warrensburg (WS) and Marfan syndrome (MFS) can impair the vision. Here, we recruited a Chinese family consisting of two WS affected individuals (II:1 and III:3) and five MFS affected individuals( I:1, II:2, III:1, III:2, and III:5) as well as one suspected MFS individual (II:4). Using whole exome sequencing (WES) and subsequent PCR-Sanger sequencing, we identified one novel heterozygous variant NM_000438 (PAX3) c.208 T > C, (p.Cys70Arg) from individuals with WS and one previous reported variant NM_000138 (FBN1) c.2740 T > A, (p.Cys914Ser) from individuals with MFS and co-segregated with the diseases. Real-time PCR and Western blot assay showed that, compared to their wild-type, both mRNAs and proteins of PAX3 and FBN1 mutants reduced in HKE293T cells. Together, our study identified two disease-causing variants in a same Chinese family with WS and MFS, and confirmed their damaged effects on their genes' expression. Therefore, those findings expand the mutation spectrum of PAX3 and provide a new perspective for the potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Xiao
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China.
| | - Yuqiang Huang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Cao
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
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Chu Y, Wang Q, Ma Y, Xu L, Ren K, Liu J, Tao D, Cao H, Ji X. A case of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage in CADASIL caused by NOTCH3 c.1759C>T heterozygous mutation. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24840. [PMID: 36604800 PMCID: PMC9937875 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a cerebrovascular disease that is closely related to the NOTCH3 gene. Recurrent ischemic stroke, progressive cognitive dysfunction, and mental symptoms are the main clinical manifestations, whereas symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage is rare. METHODS We detected a heterozygous mutation of c.1759C>T in exon 11 of the NOTCH3 gene that caused recurrent intracranial hemorrhage in CADASIL. RESULTS Second-generation sequencing of a sample of the patient's genome revealed a heterozygous mutation of c.1759C>T in exon 11 of NOTCH3, which resulted in amino acid changes (p.R587C). This variation may be rated as a CADASIL clinical variation. CONCLUSION The discovery of this mutation site provides an important theoretical basis for a gene-based diagnosis and treatment of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chu
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Linying Xu
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Kexin Ren
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina,Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Dingbo Tao
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Chen J, Ye GB, Huang JR, Peng M, Gu WY, Xiong P, Zhu HM. Novel TP53RK variants cause varied clinical features of Galloway-Mowat syndrome without nephrotic syndrome in three unrelated Chinese patients. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1116949. [PMID: 36873107 PMCID: PMC9977797 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1116949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Galloway-Mowat syndrome-4 (GAMOS4) is a very rare renal-neurological disease caused by TP53RK gene mutations. GAMOS4 is characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, and brain anomalies. To date, only nine GAMOS4 cases with detailed clinical data (caused by eight deleterious variants in TP53RK) have been reported. This study aimed to examine the clinical and genetic characteristics of three unrelated GAMOS4 patients with TP53RK gene compound heterozygous mutations. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify four novel TP53RK variants in three unrelated Chinese children. Clinical characteristics such as biochemical parameters and image findings of patients were also evaluated. Furthermore, four studies of GAMOS4 patients with TP53RK variants were reviewed. In addition, clinical and genetic features were described after a retrospective analysis of clinical symptoms, laboratory data, and genetic test results. Results The three patients showed facial abnormalities, developmental delays, microcephaly, and aberrant cerebral imaging. Furthermore, patient 1 had slight proteinuria, while patient 2 had epilepsy. However, none of the individuals had nephrotic syndrome, and all were alive for more than 3 years of age. This is the first study to assess four variants in the TP53RK gene (NM_033550.4: c.15_16dup/p.A6Efs*29, c.745A > G/p.R249G, c.185G > A/p.R62H, and c.335A > G/p.Y112C). Conclusion The clinical characteristics of the three children with TP53RK mutations are significantly different from the known GAMOS4 traits, including early nephrotic syndrome and mortality mainly occurring in the first year of life. This study provides insights into the pathogenic TP53RK gene mutation spectrum and clinical phenotypes of GAMOS4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gao-Bo Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Jin-Rong Huang
- Ganzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Min Peng
- Chigene Beijing Translational Medical Research Center Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Yue Gu
- Chigene Beijing Translational Medical Research Center Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Pin Xiong
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Min Zhu
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Huang Y, Liu C, Ding H, Wang Y, Yu L, Guo F, Li F, Shi X, Zhang Y, Yin A. Exome sequencing in fetuses with short long bones detected by ultrasonography: A retrospective cohort study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1032346. [PMID: 36923788 PMCID: PMC10010437 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1032346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal short long bones (SLBs) was reported to be associated with skeletal dysplasias, chromosomal abnormalities, and genetic syndromes. This study aims to identify the genetic causes for fetal short long bones, and retrospectively evaluate the additional diagnostic yield of exome sequencing (ES) for short long bones following the use of conventional genetic testing. Methods: A cohort of ninety-four fetuses with sonographically identified short long bones was analyzed by trio-exome sequencing between January 2016 and June 2021. Fetuses with abnormal results of karyotype or chromosomal microarray analysis were excluded. Variants were interpreted based on ACMG/AMP guidelines. All diagnostic de novo variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. Results: Of the 94 fetuses, 38 (40.4%) were found to carry causal genetic variants (pathogenic or likely pathogenic) in sixteen genes with 38 variants. Five fetuses (5.3%) had variant(s) of uncertain significance. Thirty-five cases (37.2%) were diagnosed as genetic skeletal dysplasias including 14 different diseases that were classified into 10 groups according to the Nosology and Classification of Genetic Skeletal Disorders. The most common disease in the cohort was achondroplasia (28.9%), followed by osteogenesis imperfecta (18.4%), thanatophoric dysplasia (10.5%), chondrogenesis (7.9%), and 3-M syndrome (5.3%). The diagnostic yield in fetuses with isolated short long bones was lower than the fetuses with non-isolated short long bones, but not reached statistical significance (27.3% vs. 44.4%; p = 0.151). Whereas, the rate in the fetuses with other skeletal abnormalities was significantly higher than those with non-skeletal abnormalities (59.4% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.023), and the diagnostic rate was significantly higher in femur length (FL) below -4SDs group compared with FL 2-4SDs below GA group (72.5% vs. 16.7%; p < 0.001). A long-term follow-up showed that outcomes for fetuses with FL 2-4SDs below GA were significantly better than those with FL below -4SDs. Additionally, fourteen (36.8%) novel short long bones-related variants were identified in the present study. Conclusion: The findings suggest that in fetuses with short long bones routine genetic tests failed to determine the underlying causes, exome sequencing could add clinically relevant information that could assist the clinical management of pregnancies. Novel pathogenic variants identified may broaden the mutation spectrum for the disorders and contributes to clinical consultation and subsequent pregnancy examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Huang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongke Ding
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunan Wang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangfang Guo
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fake Li
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomei Shi
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aihua Yin
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wang X, Wang Y, Xu T, Fan Y, Ding Y, Qian J. A novel compound heterozygous mutation of the CLCN7 gene is associated with autosomal recessive osteopetrosis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:978879. [PMID: 37168803 PMCID: PMC10165073 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.978879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopetrosis is a genetic condition of the skeleton characterized by increased bone density caused by osteoclast formation and function defects. Osteopetrosis is inherited in the form of autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive manner. We report autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO; OMIM 611490) in a Chinese case with a history of scarce leukocytosis, vision and hearing loss, frequent seizures, and severe intellectual and motor disability. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) followed by Sanger sequencing revealed novel compound heterozygous mutations in the chloride channel 7 (CLCN7) gene [c.982-1G > C and c.1208G > A (p. Arg403Gln)] in the affected individual, and subsequent familial segregation showed that each parent had transmitted a mutation. Our results confirmed that mutations in the CLCN7 gene caused ARO in a Chinese family. Additionally, our study expanded the clinical and allelic spectrum of the CLCN7 gene and enhanced the applications of WES technology in determining the etiology of prenatal diagnoses in fetuses with ultrasound anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingcan Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Fan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Ding
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University & National Children Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Qian
- Department of Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence: Jihong Qian
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Zhang W, Hu X, Chen Z, Lai C. Case report: Neurofibromatosis type 1 gastrointestinal stromal tumor and small bowel adenocarcinoma with a novel germline NF1 frameshift mutation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1052799. [PMID: 36620543 PMCID: PMC9815498 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1052799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A synchronous case of small bowel adenocarcinoma(SAB) is reported, accompanied with gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST),and gangliocytomain in an elderly woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). A 67-year-old female was hospitalized with the chief complaint of abdominal pain, the computed tomography scan indicated a large bowel mass. Multiple tumors were found in the small intestine, through which two larger tumors (7 cm and 1.5 cm) were resected. A novel germline NF1 mutation and a PMS2 mutation were identified after genetic testing, followed by the exploration of possible relationship between them in promoting tumorigenesis. Our results suggest multiple gastrointestinal tumors emerging in NF1 patients, and genetic testing can better guide postoperative treatment in a more efficient way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,International Joint Research Center of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Technology Equipment & Standardization, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianqin Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,International Joint Research Center of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Technology Equipment & Standardization, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,International Joint Research Center of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Technology Equipment & Standardization, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,International Joint Research Center of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Technology Equipment & Standardization, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Chen Lai,
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Zhang K, Kang L, Zhang H, Bai L, Pang H, Liu Q, Zhang X, Chen D, Yu H, Lv Y, Gao M, Liu Y, Gai Z, Wang D, Li X. A synonymous mutation in PI4KA impacts the transcription and translation process of gene expression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:987666. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.987666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase alpha (PI4KIIIα), encoded by the PI4KA gene, can synthesize phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI-4-P), which serves as a specific membrane marker and is instrumental in signal transduction. PI4KA mutations can cause autosomal recessive diseases involving neurological, intestinal, and immunological conditions (OMIM:619621, 616531, 619708). We detected sepsis, severe diarrhea, and decreased immunoglobulin levels in one neonate. Two novel compound heterozygous mutations, c.5846T>C (p.Leu1949Pro) and c.3453C>T (p.Gly1151=), were identified in the neonate from the father and the mother, respectively. Sanger sequencing and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for peripheral blood and minigene splicing assays showed a deletion of five bases (GTGAG) with the c.3453C>T variant at the mRNA level, which could result in a truncated protein (p.Gly1151GlyfsTer17). The missense mutation c.5846T>C (p.Leu1949Pro) kinase activity was measured, and little or no catalytic activity was detected. According to the clinical characteristics and gene mutations with functional verification, our pediatricians diagnosed the child with a combined immunodeficiency and intestinal disorder close to gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome 2 (GIDID2; OMIM: 619708). Medicines such as immunomodulators are prescribed to balance immune dysregulation. This study is the first report of a synonymous mutation in the PI4KA gene that influences alternative splicing. Our findings expand the mutation spectrum leading to PI4KIIIa deficiency-related diseases and provide exact information for genetic counseling.
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Zhang R, Hao Y, Xu Y, Qin J, Wang Y, Kumar Dey S, Li C, Wang H, Banerjee S. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous novel mutation in SUOX gene causes extremely rare autosomal recessive isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 532:115-122. [PMID: 35679912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency (ISOD) is a rare type of life-threatening neurometabolic disorders characterized by neonatal intractable seizures and severe developmental delay with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Germline mutation in SUOX gene causes ISOD. Till date, only 32 mutations of SUOX gene have been identified and reported to be associated with ISOD. METHODS Here, we investigated a 5-days old Chinese female child, presented with intermittent tremor or seizures of limbs, neonatal encephalopathy, subarachnoid cyst and haemorrhage, dysplasia of corpus callosum, neonatal convulsion, hyperlactatemia, severe metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, and hyperkalemia. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous transition (c.1227G > A) in exon 6 of the SUOX gene in the proband. This novel homozygous variant leads to the formation of a truncated sulfite oxidase (p.Trp409*) of 408 amino acids. This variant causes partial loss of the dimerization domain of sulfite oxidase. Hence, it is a loss-of-function variant. Proband's father and mother is carrying this novel variant in a heterozygous state. This variant was not found in 200 ethnically matched normal healthy control individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only expanded the mutational spectrum of SUOX gene associated with ISOD, but also strongly suggested the significance of whole exome sequencing for identifying candidate genes and novel disease-causing variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Jinan University-affiliated Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Yajing Hao
- Department of Radiology, Jinan University-affiliated Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan University-affiliated Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Jiale Qin
- Department of Radiology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan University-affiliated Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Subrata Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Genetic Studies, School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (Formerly West Bengal University of Technology), Salt Lake City, Kolkata, India
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Jinan University-affiliated Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518102, China.
| | - Santasree Banerjee
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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A Novel Loss-of-function Mutation in MYBPC3 Causes Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Extreme Intrafamilial Phenotypic Heterogeneity. Balkan J Med Genet 2022; 25:71-78. [PMID: 36880031 PMCID: PMC9985356 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2022-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases predominantly affecting the heart muscle and often lead to progressive heart failure-related disability or cardiovascular death. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiac muscle disorder mostly caused by the mutations in genes encoding cardiac sarcomere. Germ-line mutations in MYBPC3 causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, most of the HCM associated MYBPC3 mutations were truncating mutations. Extreme phenotypic heterogeneity was observed among HCM patients with MYBPC3 mutations. In this study, we investigated a Chinese man who presented with HCM. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel heterozygous deletion (c.3781_3785delGAGGC) in exon 33 of the MYBPC3 in the proband. This heterozygous variant causes frameshift (p.Glu1261Thrfs*3), which predicted to form a truncated MYBPC3 protein. The proband's father also carries this variant in a heterozygous state while the proband's mother did not harbor this variant. Here, we report on a novel deletion in the MYBPC3 gene associated with HCM. We also highlight the importance of whole exome sequencing for molecular diagnosis for the patients with familial HCM.
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Peng M, Han S, Sun J, He X, Lv Y, Yang L. Evaluation of novel compound variants of CEP290 in prenatally suspected case of Meckel syndrome through whole exome sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1935. [PMID: 35352487 PMCID: PMC9034663 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Meckel syndrome (MKS) is a fatal disease characterized by multisystem fibrosis during the prenatal or perinatal period. It has an autosomal recessive genetic pattern and is characterized by meningo occipital encephalocele, polycystic kidney dysplasia, polydactyly, and hepatobiliary ductal plate malformation. Germline variations in CEP290 have been shown to cause MKS4. Methods In this study, a 23‐year‐old Chinese woman who was 18 weeks pregnant was examined. The pregnancy was terminated due to occipital meningocele and enlarged cystic dysplastic kidney revealed by ultrasonography. In addition, the patient had a history of adverse pregnancy whereby the fetus presented with double kidney enlargement. Karyotype analysis and chromosomal microarray examination (CMA) were carried out using amniotic fluid samples. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed using tissue specimens of the aborted fetus. Results Karyotype and CMA analyses showed normal results. However, compound heterozygous mutations of CEP290 c.3175dup and CEP290 c.1201dup were detected through WES. CEP290 c.1201dup is a novel heterozygous mutation of CEP290 that has not been reported previously. Conclusions The findings of this study provide information on the correlation between MKS phenotype and genotype in CEP290. In addition, these findings indicate that WES is an effective method for detecting genetic causes of multiple structural defects especially those showing normal karyotype and CMA results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Peng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaer Lv
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
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Yang M, Liu Y, Lin Z, Sun H, Hu T. A novel de novo missense mutation in EFTUD2 identified by whole-exome sequencing in mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24440. [PMID: 35435265 PMCID: PMC9102503 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM) is a rare multiple malformation syndrome characterized by malar and mandibular hypoplasia and congenital‐ or postnatal‐onset microcephaly induced by haploinsufficiency of (elongation factor Tu GTP‐binding domain‐containing 2) EFTUD2. Methods We report the case of a 16‐month‐old boy with MFDM symptoms, including malar and mandibular hypoplasia, microcephaly, micrognathia, midline cleft palate, microtia, auditory canal atresia, severe sensorineural hearing loss, and developmental delay. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) analysis of the patient's family was performed to identify the genetic etiology responsible for this phenotype. Results We identified a novel de novo missense mutation (c.671G>T, p.Gly224Val) in the EFTUD2. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) 2015 guidelines, the c.671G>T mutation was classified as likely pathogenic (PS2, PM1, PM2, and PP3). Based on our findings, prenatal diagnosis was performed on the second baby of the proband's parents to exclude the mutation and it was confirmed that the baby did not have the MFDM phenotype after 14 months of follow‐up. Furthermore, the zebrafish model confirmed that the EFTUD2 c.671G>T mutation caused a loss of gene function in EFTUD2, and the pathogenicity of the EFTUD2 c.671G>T mutation was classified as pathogenic (PS2, PS3, PM1, and PM2). Conclusion Our results indicate that WES is a useful tool for identifying potentially pathogenic mutations, particularly in rare disorders, and is advantageous for genetic counseling and subsequent prenatal diagnosis. Moreover, the importance of functional assays cannot be underestimated, which could further confirm the pathogenicity of the genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huaqin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Cao H, Liu J, Tian W, Ji X, Wang Q, Luan S, Dong X, Dong H. A novel heterozygous HTRA1 mutation in an Asian family with CADASIL-like disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24174. [PMID: 34951056 PMCID: PMC8841136 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HTRA1 gene mutations are related to the pathogenesis of cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL). However, heterozygous HTRA1 mutations at specific sites can also lead to rare autosomal dominant cerebral artery disease (CADASIL-like disease). To date, 28 heterozygous mutations in the HTRA1 gene have been reported to be related to CADASIL-like diseases. Only one case of this disease was caused by a heterozygous mutation of c.497G>T in exon 2 of the HTRA1 gene. METHODS In this case, we report on an Asian family with CADASIL-like disease caused by a heterozygous mutation of c.497G>T in exon 2 of the HTRA1 gene. The clinical and imaging characteristics of the proband were summarized, and gene mutations were verified by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and direct Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The result of the gene sequencing showed a heterozygous missense mutation at the c.497G>T locus of the HTRA1 gene in the proband of one sick family member, resulting in a change in amino acid (p.arg166leu). CONCLUSION This is the first reported pathogenic mutation at the c.497G>T locus of the HTRA1 gene in an Asian population. It provides an important theoretical basis for the specific gene-based diagnosis and treatment of CADASIL-like diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cao
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Wen Tian
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Siyu Luan
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiang Dong
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Huijie Dong
- Department of CardiologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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30
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Tan J, Chow YP, Zainul Abidin N, Chang KM, Selvaratnam V, Tumian NR, Poh YM, Veerakumarasivam A, Laffan MA, Wong CL. Analysis of genetic variants in myeloproliferative neoplasms using a 22-gene next-generation sequencing panel. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:10. [PMID: 35033063 PMCID: PMC8760696 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Philadelphia (Ph)-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), namely essential thrombocythaemia (ET), polycythaemia vera (PV) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), are a group of chronic clonal haematopoietic disorders that have the propensity to advance into bone marrow failure or acute myeloid leukaemia; often resulting in fatality. Although driver mutations have been identified in these MPNs, subtype-specific markers of the disease have yet to be discovered. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology can potentially improve the clinical management of MPNs by allowing for the simultaneous screening of many disease-associated genes. Methods The performance of a custom, in-house designed 22-gene NGS panel was technically validated using reference standards across two independent replicate runs. The panel was subsequently used to screen a total of 10 clinical MPN samples (ET n = 3, PV n = 3, PMF n = 4). The resulting NGS data was then analysed via a bioinformatics pipeline. Results The custom NGS panel had a detection limit of 1% variant allele frequency (VAF). A total of 20 unique variants with VAFs above 5% (4 of which were putatively novel variants with potential biological significance) and one pathogenic variant with a VAF of between 1 and 5% were identified across all of the clinical MPN samples. All single nucleotide variants with VAFs ≥ 15% were confirmed via Sanger sequencing. Conclusions The high fidelity of the NGS analysis and the identification of known and novel variants in this study cohort support its potential clinical utility in the management of MPNs. However, further optimisation is needed to avoid false negatives in regions with low sequencing coverage, especially for the detection of driver mutations in MPL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-021-01145-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaymi Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yock Ping Chow
- Clinical Research Centre, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Norziha Zainul Abidin
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kian Meng Chang
- Haematology Unit, Department of Medicine, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Rafeah Tumian
- Haematology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yang Ming Poh
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abhi Veerakumarasivam
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Michael Arthur Laffan
- Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chieh Lee Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Clinical Research Centre, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Haematology Unit, Department of Medicine, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. .,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Lu F, Xue P, Zhang B, Wang J, Yu B, Liu J. Estimating the frequency of causal genetic variants in foetuses with congenital heart defects: a Chinese cohort study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:2. [PMID: 34983622 PMCID: PMC8729135 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-02167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The belief that genetics plays a major role in the pathogenesis of congenital heart defects (CHD) has grown popular among clinicians. Although some studies have focused on the genetic testing of foetuses with CHD in China, the genotype-phenotype relationship has not yet been fully established, and hotspot copy number variations (CNVs) related to CHD in the Chinese population are still unclear. This cohort study aimed to assess the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in Chinese foetuses with different types of CHD. RESULTS In a cohort of 200 foetuses, chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 49 (24.5%) after a prenatal chromosome microarray analysis (CMA), including 23 foetuses (11.5%) with aneuploidies and 26 (13.0%) with clinically significant CNVs. The additional diagnostic yield following whole exome sequencing (WES) was 11.5% (6/52). The incidence of total chromosomal abnormality in the non-isolated CHD group (31.8%) was higher than that in the isolated CHD group (20.9%), mainly because the incidence of aneuploidy was significantly increased when CHD was combined with extracardiac structural abnormalities or soft markers. The chromosomal abnormality rate of the complex CHD group was higher than that of the simple CHD group; however, the difference was not statistically significant (31.8% vs. 23.6%, P = 0.398). The most common CNV detected in CHD foetuses was the 22q11.2 deletion, followed by deletions of 5p15.33p15.31, deletions of 15q13.2q13.3, deletions of 11q24.2q25, deletions of 17p13.3p13.2, and duplications of 17q12. CONCLUSIONS CMA is the recommended initial examination for cases of CHD in prenatal settings, for both simple heart defects and isolated heart defects. For cases with negative CMA results, the follow-up application of WES will offer a considerable proportion of additional detection of clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Changzhou Children's Hospital of Nantong Medical University, No. 468, Yanling East Road, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
| | - Jianbin Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
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Xu X, Wang X, Yang GC, Liu Q. Identification of a novel mutation in the BMPR2 gene in a pulmonary arterial hypertension patient using next-generation sequencing. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 36:e24183. [PMID: 34953004 PMCID: PMC8842159 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a hemodynamic state that is characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, leading to a continuous increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, and eventually right heart failure. Mutations of the bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor (BMPR2) gene are the most common genetic cause of PAH. Methods A 52‐year‐old woman was admitted to Shaoxing People's Hospital after suffering from a cough for 2 months. In our hospital, the proband got a thorough medical examination and was diagnosed with PAH following genetic testing. Results Genetic test showed that the proband carried a novel heterozygous c.1481C>T (p.Ala494Val) mutation in the BMPR2 gene. The new mutation was initially discovered as a potential pathogenic variant by bioinformatics research, but it needed to be functionally verified. Conclusions The novel mutation may be related to the development of the PAH. In addition to general examinations, clinicians must thoroughly examine molecular genetics to provide an accurate diagnosis in the clinic, particularly for rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Guo-Can Yang
- Department of Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
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33
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Zhu G, Luo M, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Zhao K, Zhang Y, Shu C, Yang H, Zhou Z. Novel LTBP3 mutations associated with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:513. [PMID: 34906192 PMCID: PMC8670144 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-02143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a hidden-onset but life-threatening disorder with high clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity. In recent years, an increasing number of genes have been identified to be related to TAAD. However, some genes remain uncertain because of limited case reports and/or functional studies. LTBP3 was such an ambiguous gene that was previously known for dental and skeletal dysplasia and then noted to be associated with TAAD. More research on individuals or families harboring variants in this gene would be helpful to obtain full knowledge of the disease and clarify its association with TAAD. METHODS A total of 266 TAAD probands with no causative mutations in known genes had been performed wholeexome sequencing (WES) to identify potentially pathogenic variants. In this study, rare LTBP3 variants were the focus of analysis. RESULTS Two compound heterozygous mutations, c.625dup (p.Leu209fs) and c.1965del (p.Arg656fs), in LTBP3 were identified in a TAAD patient along with short stature and dental problems, which was the first TAAD case with biallelic LTBP3 null mutations in an Asian population. Additionally, several rare heterozygous LTBP3 variants were also detected in other sporadic TAAD patients. CONCLUSION The identification of LTBP3 mutations in TAAD patients in our study provided more clinical evidence to support its association with TAAD, which broadens the gene spectrum of LTBP3. LTBP3 should be considered to be incorporated into the routine genetic analysis of heritable aortopathy, which might help to fully understand its phenotypic spectrum and improve the diagnostic rate of TAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Qianlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yinhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Chang Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Fozia F, Shah K, Nazli R, Khan SA, Ahmad I, Mohammad N, Khan S, Alotaibi A. Novel splicing-site mutation in DCAF17 gene causing Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome in a large consanguineous family. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 36:e24127. [PMID: 34877714 PMCID: PMC8761431 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Woodhouse‐Sakati syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease with endocrine and neuroectodermal aberrations with heterogeneous phenotypes and disease course. The most common phenotypes of the disease are progressive sensorineural hearing loss and alopecia, mild‐to‐moderate mental retardation and hypogonadism. The disease results from mutations in the DCAF17 gene. Method Here, we reported a large consanguineous pedigree with multiple affected individuals with Woodhouse‐Sakati syndrome phenotypes. Laboratory tests confirmed the endocrine perturbance in affected individuals. To find out the underlying genetic change, whole‐exome sequencing was carried out. Result Analysis of the exome data identified a splicing‐site deletion NM_025000.3:c.1423‐1_1425delGACA in DCAF17 gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed the co‐segregation of the variant with the disease phenotypes in the family. Conclusion The variant is predicted to cause aberrant splicing, i.e., exon skipping, resulting in the translation of a truncated functionless protein which results in appearance of typical phenotypic features and clinical laboratory findings of Woodhouse‐Sakati syndrome in affected members of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fozia Fozia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University (KMU), Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khadim Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, COSMATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Nazli
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University (KMU), Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sher Alam Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Noor Mohammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saadullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amal Alotaibi
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Smetana J, Vallova V, Wayhelova M, Hladilkova E, Filkova H, Horinova V, Broz P, Mikulasova A, Gaillyova R, Kuglík P. Case Report: Contiguous Xq22.3 Deletion Associated with ATS-ID Syndrome: From Genotype to Further Delineation of the Phenotype. Front Genet 2021; 12:750110. [PMID: 34777475 PMCID: PMC8585740 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.750110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome with intellectual disability (ATS-ID, AMME complex; OMIM #300194) is an X-linked contiguous gene deletion syndrome associated with an Xq22.3 locus mainly characterized by hematuria, renal failure, hearing loss/deafness, neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), midface retrusion, and elliptocytosis. It is thought that ATS-ID is caused by the loss of function of COL4A5 (ATS) and FACL4 (ACSL4) genes through the interstitial (micro)deletion of chromosomal band Xq22.3. We report detailed phenotypic description and results from genome-wide screening of a Czech family with diagnosis ATS-ID (proband, maternal uncle, and two female carriers). Female carriers showed mild clinical features of microscopic hematuria only, while affected males displayed several novel clinical features associated with ATS-ID. Utilization of whole-exome sequencing discovered the presence of approximately 3 Mb of deletion in the Xq23 area, which affected 19 genes from TSC22D3 to CHRDL1. We compared the clinical phenotype with previously reported three ATS-ID families worldwide and correlated their clinical manifestations with the incidence of genes in both telomeric and centromeric regions of the deleted chromosomal area. In addition to previously described phenotypes associated with aberrations in AMMECR1 and FACL4, we identified two genes, members of tripartite motif family MID2 and subunit of the proteasome PA700/19S complex (PSMD10), respectively, as prime candidate genes responsible for additional clinical features observed in our patients with ATS-ID. Overall, our findings further improve the knowledge about the clinical impact of Xq23 deletions and bring novel information about phenotype/genotype association of this chromosomal aberration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Smetana
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech
| | - Vladimira Vallova
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech.,Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
| | - Marketa Wayhelova
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech.,Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
| | - Eva Hladilkova
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
| | - Hana Filkova
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
| | | | - Petr Broz
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and Faculty Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech
| | - Aneta Mikulasova
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Renata Gaillyova
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
| | - Petr Kuglík
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech.,Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech
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Chen D, Zhu S. Whole-exome sequencing identifies an RS1 variant in a Chinese family with X-linked retinoschisis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1406. [PMID: 34675999 PMCID: PMC8524742 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A notable behavioural feature of X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is extensive structural schisis (splitting) of the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layers of the neurosensory retina, which is partly combined with complications related to vitreous hemorrhage, macular holes and retinal detachment. The present study aimed to identify the pathogenic gene mutation in a three-generation Chinese family with XLRS by whole-exome sequencing (WES). The clinical information of a three-generation Chinese family with cases of XLRS was collected. WES was performed for the proband. A comparison with the human reference genome sequence (hg38) and bioinformatic analysis were performed to reveal putative variants and Sanger sequencing was applied to verify mutations in this family and healthy control participants. Intraretinal cystic spaces were detected by optical coherence tomography imaging. Structures of the wild-type and mutant retinoschisin 1 (RS1) protein were modelled by PyMol. Almost all patients had a history of vision loss and abnormal blue-purple colour vision; however, the phenotypes of the 4 patients were distinctly different. There was no linear correlation between phenotypic severity and age. A recurrent RS1 (Xp22.2) mutation (NM_000330: c.559C>T) was detected, resulting in the p.Q187X variant. According to the protein model, this variant is likely pathogenic. The present study was the first to report that RS1:c.559C>T induces XLRS in a three-generation Chinese pedigree, with the mutation leading to premature termination of translation of the RS1 protein. WES was able to diagnose XLRS, which has the characteristics of clinical and genetic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Chen
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, P.R. China
| | - Siquan Zhu
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, P.R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
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Tao Y, Han D, Wei Y, Wang L, Song W, Li X. Case Report: Complete Maternal Uniparental Disomy of Chromosome 2 With a Novel UNC80 Splicing Variant c.5609-4G> A in a Chinese Patient With Infantile Hypotonia With Psychomotor Retardation and Characteristic Facies 2. Front Genet 2021; 12:747422. [PMID: 34594366 PMCID: PMC8476880 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.747422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 2 (IHPRF2) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the UNC80 gene. It is characterized by severe global developmental delay, poor or absent speech and absent or limited walking abilities. The current study explored a case of a Chinese patient with IHPRF2 caused by a novel splicing variant of UNC80. Case Report: The proband is a 8-year-old Chinese male manifested with global developmental delay, severe truncal hypotonia, absent speech and intellectual disability. SNP array analysis revealed a uniparental isodisomy of the entire chromosome 2 [UPD(2)] in the proband. Whole exome sequencing (WES) subsequently identified a novel mutation c.5609-4G>A in the UNC80 gene, which was inherited from his mother and was confirmed by Sanger sequencing, indicating that UPD(2) was of maternal origin. Conclusion: A novel UNC80 homozygous splicing variant c.5609-4G>A associated with maternal UPD(2) was identified. These findings indicate that UPD poses a high risk of autosomal recessive diseases, and provides information on the variant spectrum for UNC80. Our findings elucidate on understanding of the genotype-phenotype associations that occur in IHPRF2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Tao
- Medical Genetic Center, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, China
| | - Dong Han
- Medical Genetic Center, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, China
| | - Yiju Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, China
| | - Wenxia Song
- Obstetrics Department, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, China
| | - Xiaoze Li
- Medical Genetic Center, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, China
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Liu J, Zhang Q, Wang Q, Luan S, Dong X, Cao H, Tao D, Dong H, Ji X. A case of CADASIL caused by NOTCH3 c.512_605delinsA heterozygous mutation. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24027. [PMID: 34558736 PMCID: PMC8605158 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a cerebrovascular disease closely related to the NOTCH3 gene. More than 200 mutations in this gene have been reported to be associated with this disease. METHODS The NOTCH3 gene from CADASIL patient was screened for mutations by whole-exome sequencing (WES). PCR amplification and direct Sanger sequencing were used to verify the suspicious gene mutation sites detected by WES. RESULTS We performed second-generation sequencing on a sample of the patient's genome and found a heterozygous deletion-insertion mutation c.512_605delinsA in exon 4 of NOTCH3, which resulted in amino acid changes p.G171_A202delinsE. This variation was confirmed by the direct Sanger sequencing. It may be rated as a CADASIL clinical variation. CONCLUSION Discovery of this mutation site provides an important theoretical basis for specific gene-based diagnosis and treatment of CADASIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Siyu Luan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dingbo Tao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijie Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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McGrath MJ, Eramo MJ, Gurung R, Sriratana A, Gehrig SM, Lynch GS, Lourdes SR, Koentgen F, Feeney SJ, Lazarou M, McLean CA, Mitchell CA. Defective lysosome reformation during autophagy causes skeletal muscle disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:135124. [PMID: 33119550 PMCID: PMC7773396 DOI: 10.1172/jci135124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of autophagy-dependent lysosome homeostasis in vivo is unclear. We showed that the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase INPP5K regulates autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR), a lysosome recycling pathway, in muscle. INPP5K hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P], and INPP5K mutations cause muscular dystrophy by unknown mechanisms. We report that loss of INPP5K in muscle caused severe disease, autophagy inhibition, and lysosome depletion. Reduced PI(4,5)P2 turnover on autolysosomes in Inpp5k–/– muscle suppressed autophagy and lysosome repopulation via ALR inhibition. Defective ALR in Inpp5k–/– myoblasts was characterized by enlarged autolysosomes and the persistence of hyperextended reformation tubules, structures that participate in membrane recycling to form lysosomes. Reduced disengagement of the PI(4,5)P2 effector clathrin was observed on reformation tubules, which we propose interfered with ALR completion. Inhibition of PI(4,5)P2 synthesis or expression of WT INPP5K but not INPP5K disease mutants in INPP5K-depleted myoblasts restored lysosomal homeostasis. Therefore, bidirectional interconversion of PI(4)P/PI(4,5)P2 on autolysosomes was integral to lysosome replenishment and autophagy function in muscle. Activation of TFEB-dependent de novo lysosome biogenesis did not compensate for loss of ALR in Inpp5k–/– muscle, revealing a dependence on this lysosome recycling pathway. Therefore, in muscle, ALR is indispensable for lysosome homeostasis during autophagy and when defective is associated with muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan J McGrath
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Eramo
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajendra Gurung
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Absorn Sriratana
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan M Gehrig
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sonia Raveena Lourdes
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Koentgen
- Ozgene Pty Ltd, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra J Feeney
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Lazarou
- Neuroscience Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catriona A McLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Yang M, Xie H, Xu B, Xiang Q, Wang H, Hu T, Liu S. Identification of a novel EXT2 frameshift mutation in a family with hereditary multiple exostoses by whole-exome sequencing. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23968. [PMID: 34403521 PMCID: PMC8418499 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME), also referred to as multiple osteochondromas, is an autosomal dominant skeletal disease characterized by the development of multiple overgrown benign bony tumors capped by cartilage and is associated with bone deformity, joint limitation, and short stature. Mutations in exostosin glycosyltransferase (EXT)1 and EXT2 genes, which are located on chromosomes 8q24.1 and 11p13, contribute to the pathogenesis of HME. METHODS In the present study, a genetic analysis of a four-generation Chinese family with HME was conducted using whole-exome sequencing (WES), followed by validation using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation in exon 5 of EXT2 (c.944dupT, p.Leu316fs) was identified in all affected individuals but was not detected in any unaffected individuals. This mutation results in a frameshift that introduces a premature termination codon at position 318 (p.Leu316fs) with the ability to produce a truncated EXT2 protein that lacks the last 433 amino acids at its C-terminal to indicate a defective exostosin domain and the absence of the glycosyltransferase family 64 domain, or to lead to the degradation of mRNAs by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, which is critical for the function of EXT2. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that WES is effective in extending the EXT mutational spectra and is advantageous for genetic counseling and the subsequent prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanbing Xie
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bocheng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinqin Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanling Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yin X, Wang J, Han T, Tingting Z, Li Y, Dong Z, Wang W, Li C, Lu W. A Novel Loss-of-Function MKRN3 Variant in a Chinese Patient With Familial Precocious Puberty: A Case Report and Functional Study. Front Genet 2021; 12:663746. [PMID: 34421985 PMCID: PMC8378174 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.663746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is one of the most common and complex problems in clinical pediatric endocrinology practice. Mutation of the MKRN3 gene can cause familial CPP. Methods and Results: Here we reported a Chinese patient bearing a novel MKRN3 mutation (c.G277A/p.Gly93Ser) and showing the CPP phenotype. Functional studies found that this mutation of MKRN3 attenuated its autoubiquitination, degradation, and inhibition on the transcriptional activity of GNRH1, KISS1, and TAC3 promoters. Conclusion: MKRN3 (Gly93Ser) is a loss-of-function mutation, which attenuates the inhibition on GnRH1-related signaling, suggesting that this mutant can lead to central precocious puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Tingting
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Shanghai QingCongquan Training Center for Children With Special Needs, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiya Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang L, Yu J, Xian Y, Wen X, Guan X, Guo Y, Luo M, Dou Y. Application of high-throughput sequencing for hereditary thrombocytopenia in southwestern China. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23896. [PMID: 34237177 PMCID: PMC8373334 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to design and analyze the applicability of a 21‐gene high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) panel in the molecular diagnosis of patients with hereditary thrombocytopenia (HT). Methods A custom target enrichment library was designed to capture 21 genes known to be associated with HTs. Twenty‐four patients with an HT phenotype were studied using this technology. Results One pathogenic variant on the MYH9 gene and one likely pathogenic variant on the ABCG8 gene previously known to cause HTs were identified. Additionally, 3 previously reported variants affecting WAS, ADAMTS13, and GP1BA were detected, and 9 novel variants affecting FLNA, ITGB3, NBEAL2, MYH9, VWF, and ANKRD26 genes were identified. The 12 variants were classified to be of uncertain significance. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that HTS is an accurate and reliable method of pre‐screening patients for variants in known HT‐causing genes. With the advantage of distinguishing HT from immune thrombocytopenia, HTS could play a key role in improving the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Xian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianhao Wen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianmin Guan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxia Guo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingzhu Luo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Dou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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43
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Wang F, Cai J, Wang J, He M, Mao J, Zhu K, Zhao M, Guan Z, Li L, Jin H, Shu Q. A novel WT1 gene mutation in a chinese girl with denys-drash syndrome. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23769. [PMID: 33942367 PMCID: PMC8128316 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS) is defined by the triad of Wilms tumor, nephrotic syndrome, and/or ambiguous genitalia. Genetic testing may help identify new gene mutation sites and play an important role in clinical decision-making. METHODS We present a patient with an XY karyotype and female appearance, nephropathy, and Wilms tumor in the right kidney. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells according to standard protocols. "Next-generation" sequencing (NGS) was performed to identify novel variants. The variant was analyzed with Mutation Taster, and its function was explored by a cell growth inhibition assay. RESULTS We found the first case of Denys-Drash syndrome with the uncommon missense mutation (c.1420C>T, p.His474 Tyr) in the WT1 gene. In silico analysis, the variant was predicted "disease-causing" by Mutation Taster. The mutated variant showed a weaker effect in inhibiting tumor cells than wild-type WT1. CONCLUSIONS The uncommon missense mutation (c.1420C>T, p.His474 Tyr) in the WT1 gene may be a crucial marker in DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faliang Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Cai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junqing Mao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Manli Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghai Guan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linjie Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang T, Jia C, Dong Z, Li C, Lu W. A novel mutation in NF1 gene of patient with Neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report and functional study. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1643. [PMID: 33764694 PMCID: PMC8172195 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant inherited disease and caused by NF1 gene mutation. Its clinical manifestations include multiple cafe´-au lait (CAL) spots, skinfold freckling, neurofibroma, bone dysplasia, learning disabilities, and an increased risk of malignancy. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we reported a Chinese patient bearing with a novel NF1 mutation (c.2064delGGATGCAGCGG/p.Gly672AsnfsTer24) and complaining mainly about bone phenotype. Functional studies found that this novel mutation caused the damage of NF1 mRNA and protein levels, and lost the inhibition on Ras/Erk signaling. CONCLUSION A novel mutation in NF1 gene was identified and in vitro functional studies were performed, which provided a potential molecular mechanism to explain the bone maldevelopment of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of PediatricsRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Caiwei Jia
- Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiya Dong
- Department of PediatricsRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of PediatricsRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Wang Z, Dong H, Ji X, Luan S, Cao H. Association of an insertion mutation in PRRT2 with hereditary spastic paraplegia accompanied by polyneuropathy. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23772. [PMID: 33826176 PMCID: PMC8183916 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary spastic paraplegia is a rare familial hereditary neurodegenerative disease caused by multiple autosomal dominant mutations. More than 50 mutant genes have been reported to be associated with this disease. METHODS In this study, we have reported a rare insertion mutation site in PRRT2 that caused a familial disorder of hereditary spastic paraplegia accompanied by polyneuropathy. RESULTS We used second-generation sequencing of samples of the proband's familial genome and found an insertion mutation of C/CC in NM_001256443:c.641dupC that was localized to the second exon of PRRT2. This functional mutation can cause an amino acid sequence change (arginine >proline) and dysfunctional neuronal transmembrane proteins, which might have been related to the onset of hereditary spastic paraplegia accompanied by polyneuropathy in the family reported in this study. CONCLUSION The discovery of this mutation site provides an important theoretical basis for specific gene-based diagnosis and treatment of hereditary spastic paraplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijie Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Siyu Luan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Yang JY, Halmo SM, Praissman J, Chapla D, Singh D, Wells L, Moremen KW, Lanzilotta WN. Crystal structures of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2: structural basis for inherited muscular dystrophies. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:486-495. [PMID: 33825709 PMCID: PMC8025878 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321001261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical O-mannosylation pathway in humans is essential for the functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan. Disruption of this post-translational modification pathway leads to congenital muscular dystrophies. The first committed step in the construction of a functional matriglycan structure involves the post-translational modification of α-dystroglycan. This is essential for binding extracellular matrix proteins and arenaviruses, and is catalyzed by β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 (POMGNT2). While another glycosyl transferase, β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (POMGNT1), has been shown to be promiscuous in extending O-mannosylated sites, POMGNT2 has been shown to display significant primary amino-acid selectivity near the site of O-mannosylation. Moreover, several single point mutations in POMGNT2 have been identified in patients with assorted dystroglycanopathies such as Walker-Warburg syndrome and limb girdle muscular dystrophy. To gain insight into POMGNT2 function in humans, the enzyme was expressed as a soluble, secreted fusion protein by transient infection of HEK293 suspension cultures. Here, crystal structures of POMGNT2 (amino-acid residues 25-580) with and without UDP bound are reported. Consistent with a novel fold and a unique domain organization, no molecular-replacement model was available and phases were obtained through crystallization of a selenomethionine variant of the enzyme in the same space group. Tetragonal (space group P4212; unit-cell parameters a = b = 129.8, c = 81.6 Å, α = γ = β = 90°) crystals with UDP bound diffracted to 1.98 Å resolution and contained a single monomer in the asymmetric unit. Orthorhombic (space group P212121; unit-cell parameters a = 142.3, b = 153.9, c = 187.4 Å, α = γ = β = 90°) crystals were also obtained; they diffracted to 2.57 Å resolution and contained four monomers with differential glycosylation patterns and conformations. These structures provide the first rational basis for an explanation of the loss-of-function mutations and offer significant insights into the mechanics of this important human enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yeh Yang
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Halmo
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jeremy Praissman
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Digantkumar Chapla
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Danish Singh
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kelley W. Moremen
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - William N. Lanzilotta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Zhou T, Yang X, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Cao X, Zhao C, Zhao J. A novel COL2A1 mutation causing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita in a Chinese family. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23728. [PMID: 33590889 PMCID: PMC8059726 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita is an autosomal dominant cartilaginous dysplasia characterized by short trunk, abnormal epiphysis, and flattened vertebral body. Skeletal features of SEDC are present at birth and evolve over time. Other features of SEDC include myopia and/or retinal degeneration with retinal detachment and cleft palate. A mutation in the COL2A1 gene located in 12q13.11 is considered as one of the important causes of SEDC. In 2016, Barat‐Houari et al. reported a large number of COL2A1 mutations. Among them, a non‐synonymous mutation in COL2A1 exon 37, c.2437G>A (p. Gly813Arg), has been reported to cause SEDC in only one patient from France so far. Methods We followed up a patient with SEDC phenotype and his family members. The clinical manifestations, physical examination and imaging examination, including X‐ray, CT and MRI, were recorded. The whole‐exome sequencing was used to detect the patients' genes, and the pathogenic genes were screened out by comparing with many databases. Results We report a Chinese patient with SEDC phenotype characterized by short trunk, abnormal epiphysis, flattened vertebral body, narrow intervertebral space, dysplasia of the odontoid process, chicken chest, scoliosis, hip and knee dysplasia, and joint hypertrophy. Gene sequencing analysis showed that the patient had a heterozygous mutation (c.2437G>A; p. Gly813Arg) in the COL2A1 gene. No COL2A1 mutation or SEDC phenotype was observed in his family members. This is the first report of SEDC caused by this mutation in an East Asian family. Conclusion This report provides typical clinical, imaging, and genetic evidence for SEDC, confirming that a de novo mutation in the COL2A1 gene, c.2437G>A (p. Gly813Arg), causes SEDC in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangjun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiankun Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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48
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Shim Y, Ko JM, Cho TJ, Kim SK, Phi JH. Predictors of cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus in young children with achondroplasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:81. [PMID: 33579320 PMCID: PMC7881633 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus occasionally occur in young children with achondroplasia. However, these conditions are not evaluated in a timely manner in many cases. The current study presents significant predictors for cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus in young children with achondroplasia. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 65 patients with achondroplasia who visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital since 2012 was performed. The patients were divided into groups according to the presence of cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus, and differences in foramen magnum parameters and ventricular parameters by magnetic resonance imaging between groups were analyzed. Predictors for cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus were analyzed, and the cut-off points for significant ones were calculated. RESULTS The group with cervical myelopathy showed foramen magnum parameters that indicated significantly lower cord thickness than in the group without cervical myelopathy, and the group with hydrocephalus showed significantly higher ventricular parameters and 'Posterior indentation' grade than the group without hydrocephalus. 'Cord constriction ratio' (OR 5199.90, p = 0.001) for cervical myelopathy and 'Frontal horn width' (OR 1.14, p = 0.001) and 'Posterior indentation' grade (grade 1: OR 9.25, p = 0.06; grade 2: OR 18.50, p = 0.01) for hydrocephalus were significant predictors. The cut-off points for cervical myelopathy were 'Cord constriction ratio' of 0.25 and 'FM AP' of 8 mm (AUC 0.821 and 0.862, respectively) and 'Frontal horn width' of 50 mm and 'Posterior indentation' grade of 0 (AUC 0.788 and 0.758, respectively) for hydrocephalus. CONCLUSION 'Cord constriction ratio' for cervical myelopathy and 'Frontal horn width' and 'Posterior indentation' grade for hydrocephalus were significant predictors and may be used as useful parameters for management. 'Posterior indentation' grade may also be used to determine the treatment method for hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngbo Shim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Cho
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Phi
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Poller W, Haas J, Klingel K, Kühnisch J, Gast M, Kaya Z, Escher F, Kayvanpour E, Degener F, Opgen-Rhein B, Berger F, Mochmann HC, Skurk C, Heidecker B, Schultheiss HP, Monserrat L, Meder B, Landmesser U, Klaassen S. Familial Recurrent Myocarditis Triggered by Exercise in Patients With a Truncating Variant of the Desmoplakin Gene. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015289. [PMID: 32410525 PMCID: PMC7660888 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Variants of the desmosomal protein desmoplakin are associated with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, an important cause of ventricular arrhythmias in children and young adults. Disease penetrance of desmoplakin variants is incomplete and variant carriers may display noncardiac, dermatologic phenotypes. We describe a novel cardiac phenotype associated with a truncating desmoplakin variant, likely causing mechanical instability of myocardial desmosomes. Methods and Results In 2 young brothers with recurrent myocarditis triggered by physical exercise, screening of 218 cardiomyopathy‐related genes identified the heterozygous truncating variant p.Arg1458Ter in desmoplakin. Screening for infections yielded no evidence of viral or nonviral infections. Myosin and troponin I autoantibodies were detected at high titers. Immunohistology failed to detect any residual DSP protein in endomyocardial biopsies, and none of the histologic criteria of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy were fulfilled. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed no features associated with right ventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, but multifocal subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement was present in the left ventricles of both brothers. Screening of adult cardiomyopathy cohorts for truncating variants identified the rare genetic variants p.Gln307Ter, p.Tyr1391Ter, and p.Tyr1512Ter, suggesting that over subsequent decades critical genetic/exogenous modifiers drive pathogenesis from desmoplakin truncations toward different end points. Conclusions The described novel phenotype of familial recurrent myocarditis associated with a desmoplakin truncation in adolescents likely represents a serendipitously revealed subtype of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. It may be caused by a distinctive adverse effect of the variant desmoplakin upon the mechanical stability of myocardial desmosomes. Variant screening is advisable to allow early detection of patients with similar phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Poller
- Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin Franklin Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Haas
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg Germany.,Department of Cardiology University Hospital Heidelberg Mannheim Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology Department of Pathology University Hospital Tübingen Germany
| | - Jirko Kühnisch
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | - Martina Gast
- Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin Franklin Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | - Ziya Kaya
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg Germany.,Department of Cardiology University Hospital Heidelberg Mannheim Germany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Department of Cardiology Campus Virchow Klinikum Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT) Berlin Germany
| | - Elham Kayvanpour
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg Germany.,Department of Cardiology University Hospital Heidelberg Mannheim Germany
| | - Franziska Degener
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin Germany.,German Heart Center (DHZB) Berlin Germany
| | - Bernd Opgen-Rhein
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | - Felix Berger
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin Germany.,German Heart Center (DHZB) Berlin Germany.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | | | - Carsten Skurk
- Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin Franklin Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | - Bettina Heidecker
- Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin Franklin Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | | | | | - Benjamin Meder
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg Germany.,Department of Cardiology University Hospital Heidelberg Mannheim Germany.,Department of Genetics Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto CA
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin Franklin Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Sabine Klaassen
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
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50
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Zhang R, Chen S, Han P, Chen F, Kuang S, Meng Z, Liu J, Sun R, Wang Z, He X, Li Y, Guan Y, Yue Z, Li C, Kumar Dey S, Zhu Y, Banerjee S. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous novel variant in CEP290 gene causes Meckel syndrome. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1906-1916. [PMID: 31840411 PMCID: PMC6991682 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Meckel syndrome (MKS) is a pre‐ or perinatal multisystemic ciliopathic lethal disorder with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Meckel syndrome is usually manifested with meningo‐occipital encephalocele, polycystic kidney dysplasia, postaxial polydactyly and hepatobiliary ductal plate malformation. Germline variants in CEP290 cause MKS4. In this study, we investigated a 35‐years‐old Chinese female who was 17+1 weeks pregnant. She had a history of adverse pregnancy of having foetus with multiple malformations. We performed ultrasonography and identified the foetus with occipital meningoencephalocele and enlarged cystic dysplastic kidneys. So, she decided to terminate her pregnancy and further genetic molecular analysis was performed. We identified the aborted foetus without postaxial polydactyly. Histological examination of foetal kidney showed cysts in kidney and thinning of the renal cortex with glomerular atrophy. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous variant (c.2144T>G; p.L715*) in exon 21 of the CEP290 in the foetus. Sanger sequencing confirmed that both the parents of the foetus were carrying this variant in a heterozygous state. This variant was not identified in two elder sisters of the foetus as well as in the 100 healthy individuals. Western blot analysis showed that this variant leads to the formation of truncated CEP290 protein with the molecular weight of 84 KD compared with the wild‐type CEP290 protein of 290 KD. Hence, it is a loss‐of‐function variant. We also found that the mutant cilium appears longer in length than the wild‐type cilium. Our present study reported the first variant of CEP290 associated with MKS4 in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaoyun Chen
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Han
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Bao'an Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Kuang
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuo Meng
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junnian Liu
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruliang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Bao'an Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Li
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanning Guan
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Chen Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Subrata Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Genetic Studies, School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (Formerly West Bengal University of Technology), Kolkata, India.,Brainware University, Barasat, India
| | - Yuanfang Zhu
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Santasree Banerjee
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, China.,Brainware University, Barasat, India
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