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Harithpriya K, Ganesan K, Ramkumar KM. Pterostilbene Reverses Epigenetic Silencing of Nrf2 and Enhances Antioxidant Response in Endothelial Cells in Hyperglycemic Microenvironment. Nutrients 2024; 16:2045. [PMID: 38999793 PMCID: PMC11242982 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a pivotal redox transcription factor, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Recent research has underscored the significance of epigenetic modifications of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This study investigates the epigenetic reversal of Nrf2 by pterostilbene (PTS) in human endothelial cells in a hyperglycemic microenvironment (HGM). The activation potential of PTS on Nrf2 was evaluated through ARE-Luciferase reporter assays and nuclear translocation studies. Following 72 h of exposure to an HGM, mRNA expression and protein levels of Nrf2 and its downstream targets NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme-oxygenase 1(HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) exhibited a decrease, which was mitigated in PTS-pretreated endothelial cells. Epigenetic markers, including histone deacetylases (HDACs class I-IV) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs 1/3A and 3B), were found to be downregulated under diabetic conditions. Specifically, Nrf2-associated HDACs, including HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC4, were upregulated in HGM-induced endothelial cells. This upregulation was reversed in PTS-pretreated cells, except for HDAC2, which exhibited elevated expression in endothelial cells treated with PTS in a hyperglycemic microenvironment. Additionally, PTS was observed to reverse the activity of the methyltransferase enzyme DNMT. Furthermore, CpG islands in the Nrf2 promoter were hypermethylated in cells exposed to an HGM, a phenomenon potentially counteracted by PTS pretreatment, as shown by methyl-sensitive restriction enzyme PCR (MSRE-qPCR) analysis. Collectively, our findings highlight the ability of PTS to epigenetically regulate Nrf2 expression under hyperglycemic conditions, suggesting its therapeutic potential in managing diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Harithpriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India;
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India;
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Tian A, Zheng Y, Li H, Zhang Z, Du L, Huang X, Sun L, Wu H. Eicosapentaenoic acid activates the P62/KEAP1/NRF2 pathway for the prevention of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. Food Funct 2024; 15:5251-5271. [PMID: 38680120 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00774c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), threatening the life quality of the diabetic population. However, there is still a lack of effective approaches for its intervention. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that was not previously investigated for its effect on DCD. In this study, EPA was found to improve DCD in a mouse model of type 2 DM (T2DM) induced by streptozotocin and a high-fat diet, exhibiting profound protective effects on cognitive dysfunction, neuronal loss, and cerebral oxidative stress and inflammation. While EPA did not attenuate advanced glycation end product-induced neuron injury, we hypothesized that EPA might protect neurons by regulating microglia polarization, the effect of which was confirmed by the co-culture of neurons and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia. RNA sequencing identified nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) antioxidant signaling as a major target of EPA in microglia. Mechanistically, EPA increased sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1 or P62) levels that might structurally inhibit Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1), leading to nuclear translocation of NRF2. P62 and NRF2 predominantly mediated EPA's effect since the knockdown of P62 or NRF2 abolished EPA's protective effect on microglial oxidative stress and inflammation and sequential neuron injuries. Moreover, the regulation of P62/KEPA1/NRF2 axes by EPA was confirmed in the hippocampi of diabetic mice. The present work presents EPA as an effective nutritional approach and microglial P62/KEAP1/NRF2 as molecular targets for the intervention of DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Hui Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China.
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China.
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Wang B, Zhu S, Guo M, Ma RD, Tang YL, Nie YX, Gu HF. Artemisinin ameliorates cognitive decline by inhibiting hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis via Nrf2 activation in T2DM mice. Mol Med 2024; 30:35. [PMID: 38454322 PMCID: PMC10921734 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal ferroptosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits. The present study explored whether artemisinin protected type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice from cognitive impairments by attenuating neuronal ferroptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region. METHODS STZ-induced T2DM mice were treated with artemisinin (40 mg/kg, i.p.), or cotreated with artemisinin and Nrf2 inhibitor MEL385 or ferroptosis inducer erastin for 4 weeks. Cognitive performance was determined by the Morris water maze and Y maze tests. Hippocampal ROS, MDA, GSH, and Fe2+ contents were detected by assay kits. Nrf2, p-Nrf2, HO-1, and GPX4 proteins in hippocampal CA1 were assessed by Western blotting. Hippocampal neuron injury and mitochondrial morphology were observed using H&E staining and a transmission electron microscope, respectively. RESULTS Artemisinin reversed diabetic cognitive impairments, decreased the concentrations of ROS, MDA and Fe2+, and increased the levels of p-Nr2, HO-1, GPX4 and GSH. Moreover, artemisinin alleviated neuronal loss and ferroptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region. However, these neuroprotective effects of artemisinin were abolished by Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 and ferroptosis inducer erastin. CONCLUSION Artemisinin effectively ameliorates neuropathological changes and learning and memory decline in T2DM mice; the underlying mechanism involves the activation of Nrf2 to inhibit neuronal ferroptosis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Institute of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Sheng Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, No. 25 Renmin West Road, Beihu District, Chenzhou, 423001, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Major Brain Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Run-Dong Ma
- Institute of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Major Brain Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Nie
- Institute of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Feng Gu
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Major Brain Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Liu Z, Annarapu G, Yazdani HO, Wang Q, Liu S, Luo JH, Yu YP, Ren B, Neal MD, Monga SP, Mota Alvidrez RI. Restoring glucose balance: Conditional HMGB1 knockdown mitigates hyperglycemia in a Streptozotocin induced mouse model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23561. [PMID: 38187339 PMCID: PMC10770459 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health burden, with hyperglycemia being a primary contributor to complications and high morbidity associated with this disorder. Existing glucose management strategies have shown suboptimal effectiveness, necessitating alternative approaches. In this study, we explored the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in hyperglycemia, a protein implicated in initiating inflammation and strongly correlated with DM onset and progression. We hypothesized that HMGB1 knockdown will mitigate hyperglycemia severity and enhance glucose tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we utilized a novel inducible HMGB1 knockout (iHMGB1 KO) mouse model exhibiting systemic HMGB1 knockdown. Hyperglycemic phenotype was induced using low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections, followed by longitudinal glucose measurements and oral glucose tolerance tests to evaluate the effect of HMGB1 knockdown on glucose metabolism. Our findings showed a substantial reduction in glucose levels and enhanced glucose tolerance in HMGB1 knockdown mice. Additionally, we performed RNA sequencing analyses, which identified potential alternations in genes and molecular pathways within the liver and skeletal muscle tissue that may account for the in vivo phenotypic changes observed in hyperglycemic mice following HMGB1 knockdown. In conclusion, our present study delivers the first direct evidence of a causal relationship between systemic HMGB1 knockdown and hyperglycemia in vivo, an association that had remained unexamined prior to this research. This discovery positions HMGB1 knockdown as a potentially efficacious therapeutic target for addressing hyperglycemia and, by extension, the DM epidemic. Furthermore, we have revealed potential underlying mechanisms, establishing the essential groundwork for subsequent in-depth mechanistic investigations focused on further elucidating and harnessing the promising therapeutic potential of HMGB1 in DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Gowtham Annarapu
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hamza O. Yazdani
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Qinge Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Silvia Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yan-Ping Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Baoguo Ren
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew D. Neal
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Satdarshan P. Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Roberto Ivan Mota Alvidrez
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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AlTamimi JZ, AlFaris NA, Alshammari GM, Alagal RI, Aljabryn DH, Abdo Yahya M. Protective effect of eriodictyol against hyperglycemia-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats entails antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects mediated by activating Nrf2. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101817. [PMID: 37915829 PMCID: PMC10616554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) involves cellular activation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Eriodictyol is a citrus-derived flavonoid with multiple pharmacological and protective effects in various conditions. The protective role of Eriodictyol against diabetes and diabetic nephropathy is less investigated. The current research aimed to explore the role of eriodictyol in protecting against DN prompted by streptozotocin in male rats and investigate some possible mechanisms of action. Diabetes was brought about in rats by an i.p injection of a lone dose (65 mg/kg). Five groups of rats were included (n = 8 each) as control (non-diabetic), eriodictyol (20 mg/kg, orally), STZ-diabetic, STZ + eriodictyol (20 mg/kg, orally), and STZ + eriodictyol (20 mg/kg, orally) + ML385 (30 µg/kg, i.p.). Kidney histology and the levels of some markers of kidney function, renal oxidative stress, and renal inflammation were analyzed in all groups of rats. Treatment with eriodictyol prevented the damage in the renal glomeruli and tubules and reduced renal immune cell infiltration in STZ-treated animals. It also spiked urinary creatinine excretion and reduced urine volume and urinary levels of albumin, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and nephrin in these diabetic rats. In addition, eriodictyol stimulated the nuclear protein accumulation of Nrf2 and boosted the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and catalase (CAT) in the diabetic rat kidneys. In concomitance, it reduced the nuclear levels of NF-κB and levels of interleukine-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and attenuated the reduction in renal ATP levels and the increase in the mitochondria transition pore opening (mtTPT). However, the administration of eriodictyol did not affect rats' body weights and fasting glucose and insulin levels but significantly reduced serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, and oxidized LDL-c (ox-LDL-c). In conclusion, eriodictyol prevents STZ-induced nephropathy by a hypolipidemic effect and concomitant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects mediated by activating Nrf2/NF-κB/antioxidant axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal H. Aljabryn
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ates I, Yılmaz AD, Buttari B, Arese M, Saso L, Suzen S. A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1532. [PMID: 38002492 PMCID: PMC10669303 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An autoimmune disease is the consequence of the immune system attacking healthy cells, tissues, and organs by mistake instead of protecting them. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are well-recognized processes occurring in association with acute or chronic impairment of cell homeostasis. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) is of major importance as the defense instrument against OS and alters anti-inflammatory activities related to different pathological states. Researchers have described Nrf2 as a significant regulator of innate immunity. Growing indications suggest that the Nrf2 signaling pathway is deregulated in numerous diseases, including autoimmune disorders. The advantageous outcome of the pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is an essential part of Nrf2-based chemoprevention and intervention in other chronic illnesses, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, and chronic kidney and liver disease. Nevertheless, a growing number of investigations have indicated that Nrf2 is already elevated in specific cancer and disease steps, suggesting that the pharmacological agents developed to mitigate the potentially destructive or transformative results associated with the protracted activation of Nrf2 should also be evaluated. The activators of Nrf2 have revealed an improvement in the progress of OS-associated diseases, resulting in immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory activities; by contrast, the depletion of Nrf2 worsens disease progression. These data strengthen the growing attention to the biological properties of Nrf2 and its possible healing power on diseases. The evidence supporting a correlation between Nrf2 signaling and the most common autoimmune diseases is reviewed here. We focus on the aspects related to the possible effect of Nrf2 activation in ameliorating pathologic conditions based on the role of this regulator of antioxidant genes in the control of inflammation and OS, which are processes related to the progression of autoimmune diseases. Finally, the possibility of Nrf2 activation as a new drug development strategy to target pathogenesis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Ates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Didem Yılmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey; (A.D.Y.); (S.S.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marzia Arese
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzae Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘‘Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey; (A.D.Y.); (S.S.)
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Lin Q, Guo Y, Li J, He S, Chen Y, Jin H. Antidiabetic Effect of Collagen Peptides from Harpadon nehereus Bones in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mice by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Glucose Metabolism. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:518. [PMID: 37888453 PMCID: PMC10608435 DOI: 10.3390/md21100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and abnormal glucose metabolism are the important physiological mechanisms in the occurrence and development of diabetes. Antioxidant peptides have been reported to attenuate diabetes complications by regulating levels of oxidative stress, but few studies have focused on peptides from marine bone collagen. In this study, we prepared the peptides with a molecular weight of less than 1 kD (HNCP) by enzymolysis and ultrafiltration derived from Harpadon nehereus bone collagen. Furthermore, the effects of HNCP on blood glucose, blood lipid, liver structure and function, oxidative stress, and glucose metabolism were studied using HE staining, kit detection, and Western blotting experiment in streptozocin-induced type 1 diabetes mice. After the 240 mg/kg HNCP treatment, the levels of blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mice decreased by 32.8%, 42.2%, and 43.2%, respectively, while the levels of serum insulin and hepatic glycogen increased by 142.0% and 96.4%, respectively. The antioxidant enzymes levels and liver function in the diabetic mice were markedly improved after HNCP intervention. In addition, the levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), glucokinase (GK), and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (p-GSK3β) in the liver were markedly up-regulated after HNCP treatment, but the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase1 (PEPCK1) were down-regulated. In conclusion, HNCP could attenuate oxidative stress, reduce blood glucose, and improve glycolipid metabolism in streptozocin-induced type 1 diabetes mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Yueping Guo
- Jinhua Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Institute, Jinhua 321015, China
| | - Jie Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Shuqi He
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Yan Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Huoxi Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (Q.L.)
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AlTamimi JZ, AlFaris NA, Alshammari GM, Alagal RI, Aljabryn DH, Yahya MA. Esculeoside A alleviates reproductive toxicity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats' s model by activating Nrf2 signaling. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103780. [PMID: 37663394 PMCID: PMC10472313 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This examination studied if Esculeoside A (ESA) alleviates reproductive toxicity in a type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rat model and if activating Nrf2 underlies this protection. T1DM was established by a single injection of STZ. Aged-matched adult control and STZ-DM rats were administered either the vehicle (5% carboxymethyl cellulose) or ESA (100 mg/kg). An additional group [STZ-DM + ESA (100 mg) + brusatol (2 m/kg] was added. All treatments were conducted for 16 weeks. ESA failed to attenuate weight loss, hyperglycemia, and hypoinsulinemia but significantly attenuated the associated dyslipidemia in STZ-DM rats. In parallel, ESA also enhanced total sperm count, motility, survival, reduced head and tail sperm abnormalities, increased circulatory concentrations of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, and Luteinizing hormone (LH), and stimulated the testicular expression of several steroidogenic enzymes (StAR, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, 3β-HSD1) in STZ-DM rats. These observations were associated with a higher testicular increase in the transcription, protein levels, and nuclear activities of Nrf2 that coincided with a reduction in the total levels of MDA and keap1 and a significant increase in the total levels of some antioxidants such as HO-1, SOD, and GSH. In concomitance, ESA reduced the testicular mRNA and nuclear concentrations of NF-κB and depressed the levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Brusatol prevented all these protective effects of ESA. In conclusion, activation of Nrf2 triggers the protective potential of ESA against reproductive toxicity in STZ-DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal H. Aljabryn
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Li X, Yu X, He S, Li J. Dipeptidyl peptidase 3 is essential for maintaining osteoblastic differentiation under a high-glucose environment by inhibiting apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation through the modulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110404. [PMID: 37276831 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (Dpp3) has emerged as a pivotal mediator of bone homeostasis and bone loss pathology. However, whether Dpp3 plays a role in diabetic osteoporosis has not been addressed. Therefore, this work explored the possible role of Dpp3 in osteoblast dysfunction evoked by high glucose (HG), a cellular model for studying diabetic osteoporosis in vitro. Dpp3 expression was decreased in the pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 during osteoblastic differentiation under the HG environment. The osteoblastic differentiation impaired by HG was reversed in Dpp3-overexpressing MC3T3-E1 cells. The migration and invasion of MC3T3-E1 cells impeded by HG were reversed by Dpp3 overexpression. Moreover, HG-evoked apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation were ameliorated in Dpp3-overexpressing MC3T3-E1 cells. A mechanistic study showed that Dpp3 up-regulated the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) depending on Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). The blockade of Nrf2 reversed Dpp3-mediated effects on osteoblastic differentiation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation of HG-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells. Therefore, Dpp3 plays an essential role in maintaining osteoblastic differentiation under a HG environment associated with the regulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. This work indicates a possible relationship between Dpp3 and diabetic osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Xiangyou Yu
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Shenglin He
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China.
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Fan P, Meng H, Hao W, Zheng Y, Li H, Zhang Z, Du L, Guo X, Wang D, Wang Y, Wu H. Cardamonin targets KEAP1/NRF2 signaling for protection against atherosclerosis. Food Funct 2023; 14:4905-4920. [PMID: 37157847 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00967j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS)-induced cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. To date, there is still a lack of effective approaches for AS intervention. Cardamonin (CAD) is a bioactive food component, but its effect on AS is unknown. In this work, CAD was investigated for its effect on AS using low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-stimulated endothelial cells (ECs). After a 12-week intervention, CAD was found to significantly prevent AS formation in the aortic root and aortic tree, reduce the necrotic core area, and inhibit aortic inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, CAD quenched TNF-α-provoked inflammation and oxidative stress in ECs. RNA-sequencing identified nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NFE2L2, NRF2)/heme oxidase 1 (HO1) signaling to be drastically activated by CAD. CAD is a known activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) which is a transcription factor of the NFE2L2 gene. Surprisingly, AHR was not required for CAD's action on the activation of NRF2/HO1 signaling since AHR gene silencing did not reverse this effect. Furthermore, a molecular docking assay showed a strong binding potential of CAD to the Kelch domain of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) which sequesters NRF2 in the cytoplasm. Both CAD and the Kelch domain inhibitor Ki696 promoted NRF2 nuclear translocation, whereas the combination of CAD and Ki696 did not yield a greater effect compared with either CAD or Ki696, confirming the interaction of CAD with the Kelch domain. This work provides an experimental basis for CAD as a novel and effective bioactive food component in future AS interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Huali Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Wenhao Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Hui Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), 74 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Rd., Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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Molecular Mechanism of Fucoidan Nanoparticles as Protector on Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats' Aortas. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030568. [PMID: 36771275 PMCID: PMC9920843 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants have an important role in protecting against diabetes complications such as vascular endothelial cell damage. Fucoidan has strong antioxidant properties, therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of fucoidan nanoparticles through the pathway of antioxidant activity against streptozotocin-induced diabetic aortic endothelial cell dysfunction in rats. Fucoidan nanoparticles are made utilizing high-energy ball milling. This research consists of five groups, namely: control rats, rats were administered aquadest; diabetic rats, rats were administered streptozotocin (STZ); fucoidan nanoparticle rats, rats were administered STZ and fucoidan nanoparticles. Aortic tissue was collected for the evaluation of ROS (reactive oxygen species), Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Nitric Oxide (NO), cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP), relaxation response of acetylcholine (Ach), and the diameter of the aorta. The size distribution of the fucoidan nanoparticles was 267.2 ± 42.8 nm. Administration of fucoidan nanoparticles decreased the levels of ROS and MDA, and increased the levels of SOD, levels of GPx, Nrf2 expression, NO levels, cGMP expression, the relaxation response of Ach, and lumen diameter of the aorta, which are significantly different when compared with diabetic rats, p < 0.05. In this study, we concluded that the mechanism pathway of fucoidan nanoparticles prevents aortic endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic rats through antioxidant activity by reducing ROS and MDA and incrementing SOD levels, GPx levels, and Nrf2 expression. All of these can lead to an elevated relaxation response effect of Ach and an increase in the lumen diameter of the aorta, which indicates a protective effect of fucoidan nanoparticles on aortic endothelial cells.
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Chen Q, Ji H, Lin Y, Chen Z, Liu Y, Jin L, Peng R. LncRNAs regulate ferroptosis to affect diabetes and its complications. Front Physiol 2022; 13:993904. [PMID: 36225311 PMCID: PMC9548856 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.993904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes and its complications poses a serious threat to human health. Ferroptosis, which is a new nonapoptotic form of cell death, has been proven to be closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications. In recent years, lncRNAs have been confirmed to be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes and play an important role in regulating ferroptosis. An increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs can affect the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications by regulating ferroptosis. Therefore, lncRNAs have great potential as therapeutic targets for regulating ferroptosis-mediated diabetes and its complications. This paper reviewed the potential impact and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis on diabetes and its complications, focusing on the effects of lncRNAs on the occurrence and development of ferroptosis-mediated diabetes and its complications and the regulation of ferroptosis-inducing reactive oxygen species, the key ferroptosis regulator Nrf2 and the NF-κB signaling pathway to provide new therapeutic strategies for the development of lncRNA-regulated ferroptosis-targeted drugs to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Department of Emergency, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University and Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zheyan Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University and Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinai Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Libo Jin, ; Renyi Peng,
| | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Libo Jin, ; Renyi Peng,
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Kim MJ, Jeon JH. Recent Advances in Understanding Nrf2 Agonism and Its Potential Clinical Application to Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052846. [PMID: 35269986 PMCID: PMC8910922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major component of cell damage and cell fat, and as such, it occupies a central position in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. Nuclear factor-erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor that coordinates expression of genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, is regulated primarily by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). However, involvement of the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway in tissue and organism homeostasis goes far beyond protection from cellular stress. In this review, we focus on evidence for Nrf2 pathway dysfunction during development of several metabolic/inflammatory disorders, including diabetes and diabetic complications, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune diseases. We also review the beneficial role of current molecular Nrf2 agonists and summarize their use in ongoing clinical trials. We conclude that Nrf2 is a promising target for regulation of numerous diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, more studies are needed to explore the role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis of metabolic/inflammatory diseases and to review safety implications before therapeutic use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Endocrinology in Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(53)-200-3182; Fax: +82-(53)-200-3155
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14
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Peptides Isolated from Yak Milk Residue Exert Antioxidant Effects through Nrf2 Signal Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:9426314. [PMID: 35003522 PMCID: PMC8741346 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9426314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Food-derived bioactive peptides are considered as the important sources of natural bioactive ingredients. Approximately 3094 peptides were identified by nESI-LC–MS/MS in the hydrolyzed yak milk residue. Peptide KALNEINQF (T10) is the strongest antioxidant peptide. The damage model of H2O2-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was used to evaluate the antioxidant effect. After treatment with 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL T10 peptide, T10 obviously decreased H2O2-induced damage and increased the cell survival. Comparing with the H2O2-induced damage group, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased 1.03, 1.1, and 1.33 times, and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were significantly increased 1.11, 1.30, and 1.43 times, respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) also reduced 1.41, 1.54, and 1.72 times, respectively. T10 inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis in HUVECs, and protein expressions of the apoptosis-related genes bcl-2 and bax were increased and decreased by 1.95 and 1.44 times, respectively, suggesting T10 decreases apoptosis of the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Comparing with the H2O2-induced damage group, the RNA expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 were significantly increased by 2.00, 2.11, and 1.94 times; the protein expressions of p-Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 were significantly increased by 2.67, 1.73, and 1.04 times; and Keap1 was downregulated by 3.9 and 1.32 times, respectively. T10 also regulated the Nrf2 pathway and expressions of related genes (Keap1, HO-1, and NQO1), and blocking the Nrf2 pathway in the model decreased the protective effect of T10. Taken together, T10 peptide isolated from yak milk residue has a protective effect against H2O2-induced damage in HUVECs and the molecular mechanisms are involved in the regulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and cell apoptosis.
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15
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Nasimi Doost Azgomi R, Karimi A, Tutunchi H, Moini Jazani A. A comprehensive mechanistic and therapeutic insight into the effect of chicory (Cichorium intybus) supplementation in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of literature. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14945. [PMID: 34606165 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cichorium intybus is a rich source of terpenoids and phenolic compounds, one of the effective methods in managing and reducing the complications of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence obtained from animal and human studies on the effects of chicory on metabolic indicators (such as inflammation, oxidative stress, blood sugar and dyslipidaemia) of diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic search was performed in ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase and Science Direct databases and on articles published until August 2021. All of the animal studies and clinical trials included in this systematic review that assessed the effect of chicory on metabolic risk markers in diabetes were published in English language journals. RESULTS Finally, amongst 686 articles, only 23 articles met the needed criteria for further analysis. Out of 23 articles, 3 studies on humans and 20 studies on animals have been carried out. Fifteen of the 19 studies that evaluated the effect of chicory on the glycaemic index showed that Cichorium intybus improved blood glucose index (it had no effect in two human studies and three animal studies). Ten of the 13 studies evaluating the effect of Cichorium intybus on lipid profiles showed that it improved dyslipidaemia. Also, all 12 studies showed that chicory significantly reduces oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSION According to the available evidence, Cichorium intybus might improve the glycaemic status, dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation. However, further studies are recommended for a comprehensive conclusion about the exact mechanism of chicory in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Nasimi Doost Azgomi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Moini Jazani
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Nie X, Wei X, Ma H, Fan L, Chen WD. The complex role of Wnt ligands in type 2 diabetes mellitus and related complications. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6479-6495. [PMID: 34042263 PMCID: PMC8278111 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the major chronic diseases, whose prevalence is increasing dramatically worldwide and can lead to a range of serious complications. Wnt ligands (Wnts) and their activating Wnt signalling pathways are closely involved in the regulation of various processes that are important for the occurrence and progression of T2DM and related complications. However, our understanding of their roles in these diseases is quite rudimentary due to the numerous family members of Wnts and conflicting effects via activating the canonical and/or non-canonical Wnt signalling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current findings on the expression pattern and exact role of each human Wnt in T2DM and related complications, including Wnt1, Wnt2, Wnt2b, Wnt3, Wnt3a, Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt5b, Wnt6, Wnt7a, Wnt7b, Wnt8a, Wnt8b, Wnt9a, Wnt9b, Wnt10a, Wnt10b, Wnt11 and Wnt16. Moreover, the role of main antagonists (sFRPs and WIF-1) and coreceptor (LRP6) of Wnts in T2DM and related complications and main challenges in designing Wnt-based therapeutic approaches for these diseases are discussed. We hope a deep understanding of the mechanistic links between Wnt signalling pathways and diabetic-related diseases will ultimately result in a better management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Han Ma
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Süntar I, Çetinkaya S, Panieri E, Saha S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. Regulatory Role of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Wound Healing Process. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092424. [PMID: 33919399 PMCID: PMC8122529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing involves a series of cellular events in damaged cells and tissues initiated with hemostasis and finally culminating with the formation of a fibrin clot. However, delay in the normal wound healing process during pathological conditions due to reactive oxygen species, inflammation and immune suppression at the wound site represents a medical challenge. So far, many therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve cellular homeostasis and chronic wounds in order to accelerate wound repair. In this context, the role of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) during the wound healing process has been a stimulating research topic for therapeutic perspectives. Nrf2 is the main regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis. It increases cytoprotective gene expression and the antioxidant capacity of mammalian cells. It has been reported that some bioactive compounds attenuate cellular stress and thus accelerate cell proliferation, neovascularization and repair of damaged tissues by promoting Nrf2 activation. This review highlights the importance of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in wound healing strategies and the role of bioactive compounds that support wound repair through the modulation of this crucial transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara 06330, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-31-2202-3176
| | - Sümeyra Çetinkaya
- Biotechnology Research Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06330, Turkey;
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (L.S.)
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Redox regulation of the insulin signalling pathway. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101964. [PMID: 33893069 PMCID: PMC8113030 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The peptide hormone insulin is a key regulator of energy metabolism, proliferation and survival. Binding of insulin to its receptor activates the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, which mediates fundamental cellular responses. Oxidants, in particular H2O2, have been recognised as insulin-mimetics. Treatment of cells with insulin leads to increased intracellular H2O2 levels affecting the activity of downstream signalling components, thereby amplifying insulin-mediated signal transduction. Specific molecular targets of insulin-stimulated H2O2 include phosphatases and kinases, whose activity can be altered via redox modifications of critical cysteine residues. Over the past decades, several of these redox-sensitive cysteines have been identified and their impact on insulin signalling evaluated. The aim of this review is to summarise the current knowledge on the redox regulation of the insulin signalling pathway.
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Therapeutic potential of Nrf-2 pathway in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2761-2774. [PMID: 33754251 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most widely spread metabolic disordersand is also referred as a 'lifestyle' disorder. According toa study conducted by IDB, the number of individuals affected with diabetes is expected to increase from 463 to 700 million by the end of year 2045. Thus, there is a great need to developed targeted therapies that can maintain homeostasis of glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity which can overcome hurdles associated with conventional medicine. Detailed analysis was conducted by analyzing various research and review papers which were searched using MEDLINE and EMBASE using various keywords. This search retrieved the most appropriate content on these molecules targeting Nrf-2 functions and Nrf-2 pathway associated with diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy. In this review article, we have highlighted the role of Nrf-2 in diabetic associated complications of neuropathy and nephropathy. Since hyperglycemia is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, regulating Nrf-2 activity through various synthetic and natural activators whichmay provide therapeutic benefits for the treatment and mitigation of diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy as well. Based on the available literature on Nrf-2 activity and despite some controversies in the association of Nrf-2 activity and its therapeutic usage, it can be concluded that regulation of this pathway is a trigger in the development of diabetes-associated complications. Thus, targeting this pathway with various activators may emerge as a novel therapy in the treatment of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications. Nrf-2 activation leading to regulation of various downstream pathways responsible for managament of Diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy Legend: Activities regulated by the activation of Nrf-2 pathway by Natural and Synthetic activators. Various downstream signalling pathway are involved in increase (+) and decrease (-) in levels of Nrf-2 levels. Subsequently controlling various mechanism involved in the pathogenies of Diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy.
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Wu J, Sun X, Jiang Z, Jiang J, Xu L, Tian A, Sun X, Meng H, Li Y, Huang W, Jia Y, Wu H. Protective role of NRF2 in macrovascular complications of diabetes. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8903-8917. [PMID: 32628815 PMCID: PMC7417734 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrovascular complications develop in over a half of the diabetic individuals, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. This poses a severe threat to public health and a heavy burden to social economy. It is therefore important to develop effective approaches to prevent or slow down the pathogenesis and progression of macrovascular complications of diabetes (MCD). Oxidative stress is a major contributor to MCD. Nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (NRF2) governs cellular antioxidant defence system by activating the transcription of various antioxidant genes, combating diabetes‐induced oxidative stress. Accumulating experimental evidence has demonstrated that NRF2 activation protects against MCD. Structural inhibition of Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1) is a canonical way to activate NRF2. More recently, novel approaches, such as activation of the Nfe2l2 gene transcription, decreasing KEAP1 protein level by microRNA‐induced degradation of Keap1 mRNA, prevention of proteasomal degradation of NRF2 protein and modulation of other upstream regulators of NRF2, have emerged in prevention of MCD. This review provides a brief introduction of the pathophysiology of MCD and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of MCD. By reviewing previous work on the activation of NRF2 in MCD, we summarize strategies to activate NRF2, providing clues for future intervention of MCD. Controversies over NRF2 activation and future perspectives are also provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ao Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuechun Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huali Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA, USA
| | - Ye Jia
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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