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Yan Y, Zhu X, Qi H, Zhang H, He J. Regulatory mechanism and molecular genetic dissection of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain size. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27139. [PMID: 38486732 PMCID: PMC10938125 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
With the sharp increase of the global population, adequate food supply is a great challenge. Grain size is an essential determinant of rice yield and quality. It is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. In this paper, we summarized the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that have been molecularly characterized and provided a comprehensive summary of the regulation mechanism and genetic pathways of rice grain size. These pathways include the ubiquitin-proteasome system, G-protein, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phytohormone, transcriptional factors, abiotic stress. In addition, we discuss the possible application of advanced molecular biology methods and reasonable breeding strategies, and prospective on the development of high-yielding and high-quality rice varieties using molecular biology techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Yan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 420128, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 420128, China
| | - Hui Qi
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 420128, China
- Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Science and Space Breeding, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 420128, China
| | - Jiwai He
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 420128, China
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2
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Wang P, Ma L, Li D, Zhang B, Zhou T, Zhou X, Xing Y. Fine mapping of the panicle length QTL qPL5 in rice. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2024; 44:6. [PMID: 38261843 PMCID: PMC10794681 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Panicle length is a crucial trait tightly associated with spikelets per panicle and grain yield in rice. To dissect the genetic basis of panicle length, a population of 161 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between an aus variety Chuan 7 (C7) and a tropical Geng variety Haoboka (HBK). C7 has a panicle length of 30 cm, 7 cm longer than that of HBK, and the panicle length was normally distributed in the RIL population. A total of six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for panicle length were identified, and single QTLs explained the phenotypic variance from 4.9 to 18.1%. Among them, three QTLs were mapped to the regions harbored sd1, DLT, and Ehd1, respectively. To validate the genetic effect of a minor QTL qPL5, a near-isogenic F2 (NIF2) population segregated at qPL5 was developed. Interestingly, panicle length displayed bimodal distribution, and heading date also exhibited significant variation in the NIF2 population. qPL5 accounted for 66.5% of the panicle length variance. The C7 allele at qPL5 increased panicle length by 2.4 cm and promoted heading date by 5 days. Finally, qPL5 was narrowed down to an 80-kb region flanked by markers M2197 and M2205 using a large NIF2 population of 7600 plants. LOC_Os05g37540, encoding a phytochrome signal protein whose homolog in Arabidopsis enlarges panicle length, is regarded as the candidate gene because a single-nucleotide mutation (C1099T) caused a premature stop codon in HBK. The characterization of qPL5 with enlarging panicle length but promoting heading date makes its great value in breeding early mature varieties without yield penalty in rice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01443-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Ling Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Daoyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xiangchun Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Fan Y, Wan X, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zheng C, Yang Q, Yang L, Li X, Feng L, Zou L, Xiang D. GRAS gene family in rye (Secale cereale L.): genome-wide identification, phylogeny, evolutionary expansion and expression analyses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38216860 PMCID: PMC10787399 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GRAS transcription factor family plays a crucial role in various biological processes in different plants, such as tissue development, fruit maturation, and environmental stress. However, the GRAS family in rye has not been systematically analyzed yet. RESULTS In this study, 67 GRAS genes in S. cereale were identified and named based on the chromosomal location. The gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, gene replications, and expression patterns were further analyzed. These 67 ScGRAS members are divided into 13 subfamilies. All members include the LHR I, VHIID, LHR II, PFYRE, and SAW domains, and some nonpolar hydrophobic amino acid residues may undergo cross-substitution in the VHIID region. Interested, tandem duplications may have a more important contribution, which distinguishes them from other monocotyledonous plants. To further investigate the evolutionary relationship of the GRAS family, we constructed six comparative genomic maps of homologous genes between rye and different representative monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. The response characteristics of 19 ScGRAS members from different subfamilies to different tissues, grains at filling stages, and different abiotic stresses of rye were systematically analyzed. Paclobutrazol, a triazole-based plant growth regulator, controls plant tissue and grain development by inhibiting gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis through the regulation of DELLA proteins. Exogenous spraying of paclobutrazol significantly reduced the plant height but was beneficial for increasing the weight of 1000 grains of rye. Treatment with paclobutrazol, significantly reduced gibberellin levels in grain in the filling period, caused significant alteration in the expression of the DELLA subfamily gene members. Furthermore, our findings with respect to genes, ScGRAS46 and ScGRAS60, suggest that these two family members could be further used for functional characterization studies in basic research and in breeding programmes for crop improvement. CONCLUSIONS We identified 67 ScGRAS genes in rye and further analysed the evolution and expression patterns of the encoded proteins. This study will be helpful for further analysing the functional characteristics of ScGRAS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xianqi Wan
- Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Machinery Science, Chengdu, 610011, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Aksu, 843100, P.R. China
| | - Qiaohui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Liang Feng
- Chengdu Institute of Food Inspection, Chengdu, 610000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Yang C, Zhang X, Chang S, Chen Q, Rossi V, Zhao L, Xiao J, Xin M, Du J, Guo W, Hu Z, Liu J, Peng H, Ni Z, Sun Q, Yao Y. Type I MADS-box transcription factor TaMADS-GS regulates grain size by stabilizing cytokinin signalling during endosperm cellularization in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:200-215. [PMID: 37752705 PMCID: PMC10754016 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is one of the important traits in wheat breeding programs aimed at improving yield, and cytokinins, mainly involved in cell division, have a positive impact on grain size. Here, we identified a novel wheat gene TaMADS-GS encoding type I MADS-box transcription factor, which regulates the cytokinins signalling pathway during early stages of grain development to modulate grain size and weight in wheat. TaMADS-GS is exclusively expressed in grains at early stage of seed development and its knockout leads to delayed endosperm cellularization, smaller grain size and lower grain weight. TaMADS-GS protein interacts with the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) and leads to repression of genes encoding cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenases (CKXs) stimulating cytokinins inactivation by mediating accumulation of the histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Through the screening of a large wheat germplasm collection, an elite allele of the TaMADS-GS exhibits higher ability to repress expression of genes inactivating cytokinins and a positive correlation with grain size and weight, thus representing a novel marker for breeding programs in wheat. Overall, these findings support the relevance of TaMADS-GS as a key regulator of wheat grain size and weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhaoheng Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Changfeng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaobang Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Siyuan Chang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qian Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Vincenzo Rossi
- Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsResearch Centre for Cereal and Industrial CropsBergamoItaly
| | - Long Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinkun Du
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Weilong Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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5
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Zou T, Zhang K, Zhang J, Liu S, Liang J, Liu J, Zhu J, Liang Y, Wang S, Deng Q, Liu H, Jin J, Li P, Li S. DWARF AND LOW-TILLERING 2 functions in brassinosteroid signaling and controls plant architecture and grain size in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1766-1783. [PMID: 37699038 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroid phytohormones that control various aspects of plant growth and development. Several transcriptional factors (TFs) have been suggested to play roles in BR signaling. However, their possible relationship remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a rice mutant dwarf and low-tillering 2 (dlt2) with altered plant architecture, increased grain width, and reduced BR sensitivity. DLT2 encodes a GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE (GAI)-REPRESSOR OF GAI (RGA)-SCARECROW (GRAS) TF that is mainly localized in the nucleus and has weak transcriptional activity. Our further genetic and biochemical analyses indicate that DLT2 interacts with two BR-signaling-related TFs, DLT and BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1, and probably modulates their transcriptional activity. These findings imply that DLT2 is implicated in a potentially transcriptional complex that mediates BR signaling and rice development and suggests that DLT2 could be a potential target for improving rice architecture and grain morphology. This work also sheds light on the role of rice GRAS members in regulating numerous developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Technical Center of Chengdu Customs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Sijing Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huainian Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinghua Jin
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
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Peringottillam M, Sundaram KT, Manickavelu A. Genetic potential of grain-related traits in rice landraces: phenomics and multi-locus association analyses. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9323-9334. [PMID: 37815669 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain length, width, weight, and the number of grains per panicle are crucial determinants contributing to yield in cereal crops. Understanding the genetic basis of grain-related traits has been the main research object in crop science. METHODS AND RESULTS Kerala has a collection of different rice landraces. Characterization of these valuable genetic resources for 39 distinct agro-morphological traits was carried out in two seasons from 2017 to 2019 directly in farmers field. Most characteristics were polymorphic except ligule shape, leaf angle, and panicle axis. The results of principal component analysis implied that leaf length, plant height, culm length, flag leaf length, and grain-related traits were the principal discriminatory characteristics of rice landraces. For identifying the genetic basis of key grain traits of rice, three multi locus GWAS models were performed based on 1,47,994 SNPs in 73 rice accessions. As a result, 48 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were identified to be associated with these traits. After characterization of their function and expression, 15 significant candidate genes involved in regulating grain width, number of grains per panicle, and yield were identified. CONCLUSIONS The detected QTNs and candidate genes in this study could be further used for marker-assisted high-quality breeding of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Peringottillam
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Krishna T Sundaram
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), South Asia hub, Patancheru, India
| | - Alagu Manickavelu
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India.
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7
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Gu Z, Gong J, Zhu Z, Li Z, Feng Q, Wang C, Zhao Y, Zhan Q, Zhou C, Wang A, Huang T, Zhang L, Tian Q, Fan D, Lu Y, Zhao Q, Huang X, Yang S, Han B. Structure and function of rice hybrid genomes reveal genetic basis and optimal performance of heterosis. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1745-1756. [PMID: 37679493 PMCID: PMC10562254 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Exploitation of crop heterosis is crucial for increasing global agriculture production. However, the quantitative genomic analysis of heterosis was lacking, and there is currently no effective prediction tool to optimize cross-combinations. Here 2,839 rice hybrid cultivars and 9,839 segregation individuals were resequenced and phenotyped. Our findings demonstrated that indica-indica hybrid-improving breeding was a process that broadened genetic resources, pyramided breeding-favorable alleles through combinatorial selection and collaboratively improved both parents by eliminating the inferior alleles at negative dominant loci. Furthermore, we revealed that widespread genetic complementarity contributed to indica-japonica intersubspecific heterosis in yield traits, with dominance effect loci making a greater contribution to phenotypic variance than overdominance effect loci. On the basis of the comprehensive dataset, a genomic model applicable to diverse rice varieties was developed and optimized to predict the performance of hybrid combinations. Our data offer a valuable resource for advancing the understanding and facilitating the utilization of heterosis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoulin Gu
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Qi Feng
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Wang
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilin Zhan
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Zhou
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahong Wang
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilin Tian
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Danlin Fan
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqi Lu
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehui Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Han
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Xiong D, Wang R, Wang Y, Li Y, Sun G, Yao S. SLG2 specifically regulates grain width through WOX11-mediated cell expansion control in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:1904-1918. [PMID: 37340997 PMCID: PMC10440987 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is specified by three dimensions of length, width and thickness, and slender grain is a desirable quality trait in rice. Up to now, many grain size regulators have been identified. However, most of these molecules show influence on multi-dimensions of grain development, and only a few of them function specifically in grain width, a key factor determining grain yield and appearance quality. In this study, we identify the SLG2 (SLENDER GUY2) gene that specifically regulates grain width by affecting cell expansion in the spikelet hulls. SLG2 encodes a WD40 domain containing protein, and our biochemical analyses show that SLG2 acts as a transcription activator of its interacting WOX family protein WOX11. We demonstrate that the SLG2-associated WOX11 binds directly to the promoter of OsEXPB7, one of the downstream cell expansion genes. We show that knockout of WOX11 results in plants with a slender grain phenotype similar to the slg2 mutant. We also present that finer grains with different widths could be produced by combining SLG2 with the grain width regulator GW8. Collectively, we uncover the crucial role of SLG2 in grain width control, and provide a promising route to design rice plants with better grain shape and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunpin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ruci Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yueming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ge Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shanguo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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9
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Sherif A, Zhang B, Wu B, Hu Y, Li S, Zhou X, Elbadri AM, Elshenawy M, El-Badawy MEM, Hassan IO, Sedhom SA, Abo-Yousef M, Ayaad M, Xing Y. A Pseudo-near isogenic F 2 population strategy for rapid QTL cloning. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:61. [PMID: 37496827 PMCID: PMC10366042 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Near isogenic F2 (NIF2) population frequently developed by conventional backcross has dramatically contributed to QTL identification in plants. Developing such a NIF2 population is time-consuming. Thus, it is urgent to rapidly produce a NIF2 population for QTL cloning. Here, we proposed a rapid QTL cloning strategy by generating a Pseudo-near isogenic F2 population (Pseudo-NIF2), which segregates at the target QTL but is fixed at other QTLs for the target trait. Nineteen QTLs for GL, GW, and TGW were detected in the F2 population from the cross between Zhenshan 97 and Egy316. To verify the efficiency of Pseudo-NIF2 in QTL quick cloning, the novel moderate QTL qGL10.1 which explained 9.1% and 5.6% of grain length variation in F2 and F2:3 populations was taken as an example. An F2 plant (F2-120), which segregated at qGL10.1 but fixed at other 8 QTLs for grain length, was screened to generate a Pseudo-NIF2 population by selfing cross. In the Pseudo-NIF2 population, the segregation ratio of plants with long grains to short grains fits 3:1, indicating that one gene controlled the variation of grain length. Based on the Pseudo-NIF2 and its progeny, qGL10.1 was fine mapped to a 19.3-kb region, where a gene OsMADS56 was verified as the candidate by functional polymorphism between parental alleles. Pseudo-NIF2 strategy is a rapid way for QTL cloning, which saves 3 to 4 cropping seasons compared to the conventional way. Applying the method for cloning QTL with moderate or major effects is promising. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01408-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sherif
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha, 33717 Egypt
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Bi Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Shuangle Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xiangchun Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Ali Mahmoud Elbadri
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Mostafa Elshenawy
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha, 33717 Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El. M. El-Badawy
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalyubia Governorate, Benha, 13736 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim O. Hassan
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759 Egypt
| | - Sedhom A. Sedhom
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalyubia Governorate, Benha, 13736 Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abo-Yousef
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha, 33717 Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ayaad
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759 Egypt
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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10
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Li L, Zheng X, Wang J, Zhang X, He X, Xiong L, Song S, Su J, Diao Y, Yuan Z, Zhang Z, Hu Z. Joint analysis of phenotype-effect-generation identifies loci associated with grain quality traits in rice hybrids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3930. [PMID: 37402793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic improvement of grain quality is more challenging in hybrid rice than in inbred rice due to additional nonadditive effects such as dominance. Here, we describe a pipeline developed for joint analysis of phenotypes, effects, and generations (JPEG). As a demonstration, we analyze 12 grain quality traits of 113 inbred lines (male parents), five tester lines (female parents), and 565 (113×5) of their hybrids. We sequence the parents for single nucleotide polymorphisms calling and infer the genotypes of the hybrids. Genome-wide association studies with JPEG identify 128 loci associated with at least one of the 12 traits, including 44, 97, and 13 loci with additive effects, dominant effects, and both additive and dominant effects, respectively. These loci together explain more than 30% of the genetic variation in hybrid performance for each of the traits. The JEPG statistical pipeline can help to identify superior crosses for breeding rice hybrids with improved grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhi Li
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis & Decision-making, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingfei Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crop Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 430064, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education and Sichuan province, Southwest Minzu University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis & Decision-making, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaogang He
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis & Decision-making, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liwen Xiong
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis & Decision-making, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shufeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 410125, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Su
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis & Decision-making, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Diao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 430023, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheming Yuan
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis & Decision-making, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiwu Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - Zhongli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 430023, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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11
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Li Y, Wu S, Huang Y, Ma X, Tan L, Liu F, Lv Q, Zhu Z, Hu M, Fu Y, Zhang K, Gu P, Xie D, Sun H, Sun C. OsMADS17 simultaneously increases grain number and grain weight in rice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3098. [PMID: 37248234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
During the processes of rice domestication and improvement, a trade-off effect between grain number and grain weight was a major obstacle for increasing yield. Here, we identify a critical gene COG1, encoding the transcription factor OsMADS17, with a 65-bp deletion in the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) presented in cultivated rice increasing grain number and grain weight simultaneously through decreasing mRNA translation efficiency. OsMADS17 controls grain yield by regulating multiple genes and that the interaction with one of them, OsAP2-39, has been characterized. Besides, the expression of OsMADS17 is regulated by OsMADS1 directly. It indicates that OsMADS1-OsMADS17-OsAP2-39 participates in the regulatory network controlling grain yield, and downregulation of OsMADS17 or OsAP2-39 expression can further improve grain yield by simultaneously increasing grain number and grain weight. Our findings provide insights into understanding the molecular basis co-regulating rice yield-related traits, and offer a strategy for breeding higher-yielding rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Li
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Sheng Wu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongyu Huang
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lubin Tan
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiming Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Zuofeng Zhu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meixia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yongcai Fu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongying Sun
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Chuanqing Sun
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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12
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Ma M, Lei E, Wang T, Meng H, Zhang W, Lu B. Genetic Diversity and Association Mapping of Grain-Size Traits in Rice Landraces from the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in Yunnan Province. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1678. [PMID: 37111901 PMCID: PMC10146266 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System (HHRTS) of Yunnan Province is an important agricultural and cultural heritage landscape. Until now, a large number of local rice landraces have been planted. Mining excellent genes contained in these landraces provides a reference for variety improvement and new variety breeding. In this study, 96 rice landraces collected from the Hani terraces were planted in Honghe Mengzi, Yunnan Province, in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2021, and five major grain traits were measured and analyzed. The genomic variation of 96 rice landraces was scanned by 201 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The genetic diversity, population structure, and genetic relationships of the natural population were analyzed. The mixed linear model (MLM) method of the TASSEL software was used to analyze the associations between markers and traits. A total of 936 alleles were amplified by 201 pairs of SSR primers. The average number of observed alleles (Na), the effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon's information index (I), heterozygosity (H), and the polymorphism information content (PIC) per marker were 4.66, 2.71, 1.08, 0.15, and 0.55, respectively. Ninety-six landraces were divided into two groups by population structure, clustering, and principal component analysis, and indica rice was the main group. The coefficients of variation of the five traits ranged from 6.80 to 15.24%, and their broad heritabilities were more than 70%. In addition, there were positive correlations among the same grain traits between different years. Through MLM analysis, 2, 36, 7, 7, and 4 SSR markers were significantly associated with grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain thickness (GT), grain length-width ratio (LWR), and thousand-grain weight (TGW), respectively. The explanation rates of phenotypic variation were 16.31 (RM449, Chr. 1)-23.51% (RM316, Chr. 9), 10.84 (RM523, Chr. 3; RM161/RM305, Chr. 5)-43.01% (RM5496, Chr. 1), 11.98 (RM161/RM305, Chr. 5)-24.72% (RM275, Chr. 6), 12.68 (RM126, Chr. 8)-36.96% (RM5496, Chr. 1), and 17.65 (RM4499, Chr. 2)-26.32% (RM25, Chr. 8), respectively. The associated markers were distributed on 12 chromosomes of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Ma
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
| | - En Lei
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
| | - Tiantao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
| | - Hengling Meng
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
| | - Bingyue Lu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China
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13
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Lan D, Cao L, Liu M, Ma F, Yan P, Zhang X, Hu J, Niu F, He S, Cui J, Yuan X, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo X. The identification and characterization of a plant height and grain length related gene hfr131 in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1152196. [PMID: 37035088 PMCID: PMC10080003 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1152196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant height and grain size are important agronomic traits affecting rice yield. Various plant hormones participate in the regulation of plant height and grain size in rice. However, how these hormones cooperate to regulate plant height and grain size is poorly understood. In this study, we identified a brassinosteroid-related gene, hfr131, from an introgression line constructed using Oryza longistaminata, that caused brassinosteroid insensitivity and reduced plant height and grain length in rice. Further study showed that hfr131 is a new allele of OsBRI1 with a single-nucleotide polymorphism (G to A) in the coding region, leading to a T988I conversion at a conserved site of the kinase domain. By combining yeast one-hybrid assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR and gene expression quantification, we demonstrated that OsARF17, an auxin response factor, could bind to the promoter region of HFR131 and positively regulated HFR131 expression, thereby regulating the plant height and grain length, and influencing brassinosteroid sensitivity. Haplotype analysis showed that the consociation of OsAFR17Hap1 /HFR131Hap6 conferred an increase in grain length. Overall, this study identified hfr131 as a new allele of OsBRI1 that regulates plant height and grain length in rice, revealed that brassinosteroid and auxin might coordinate through OsARF17-HFR131 interaction, and provided a potential breeding target for improvement of rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cao
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiwen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicong He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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14
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Song X, Chen Z, Du X, Li B, Fei Y, Tao Y, Wang F, Xu Y, Li W, Wang J, Liang G, Zhou Y, Tan X, Li Y, Yang J. Generation of new rice germplasms with low amylose content by CRISPR/CAS9-targeted mutagenesis of the FLOURY ENDOSPERM 2 gene. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138523. [PMID: 36993856 PMCID: PMC10040805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
FLOURY ENDOSPERM 2 (FLO2), encoding a tetratricopeptide repeat domain (TPR)-containing protein located in the nucleus, is considered to be a regulatory protein that controls the biosynthesis of seed storage substances. The diversity of flo2 allele is attributable for the variations in grain appearance, amylose content (AC), and physicochemical properties, influencing the eating and cooking quality (ECQ) of rice. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce loss-of-function mutations into the FLOURY ENDOSPERM 2 gene in Suken118 (SK118), a widely cultivated elite japonica rice variety in Jiangsu, China. Physiochemical analyses of the flo2 mutants were congruent with previous studies, exhibiting lowered AC and viscosity, risen gel consistency (GC) and gelatinization temperature (GT) values, which were all instrumental to the improvement of ECQ. However, the wrinkled opaque appearance and the decrease in grain width, grain thickness and grain weight imply trade-offs in grain yield. Despite the ex-ante estimation for low yielding, the superior ECQ in these novel genotypes generated by using genome editing approach may have the potential for formulating high value specialty food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Song
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xi Du
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyan Fei
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Tao
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fangquan Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Liang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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15
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Jiang S, Zhang X, Yang X, Liu C, Wang L, Ma B, Miao Y, Hu J, Tan K, Wang Y, Jiang H, Wang J. A chromosome-level genome assembly of an early matured aromatic Japonica rice variety Qigeng10 to accelerate rice breeding for high grain quality in Northeast China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1134308. [PMID: 36909446 PMCID: PMC9995481 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1134308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Early-matured aromatic japonica rice from the Northeast is the most popular rice commodity in the Chinese market. The Qigeng10 (QG10) was one of the varieties with the largest planting area in this region in recent years. It was an early-matured japonica rice variety with a lot of superior traits such as semi-dwarf, lodging resistance, long grain, aromatic and good quality. Therefore, a high-quality assembly of Qigeng10 genome is critical and useful for japonica research and breeding. In this study, we produced a high-precision QG10 chromosome-level genome by using a combination of Nanopore and Hi-C platforms. Finally, we assembled the QG10 genome into 77 contigs with an N50 length of 11.80 Mb in 27 scaffolds with an N50 length of 30.55 Mb. The assembled genome size was 378.31Mb with 65 contigs and constituted approximately 99.59% of the 12 chromosomes. We identified a total of 1,080,819 SNPs and 682,392 InDels between QG10 and Nipponbare. We also annotated 57,599 genes by the Ab initio method, homology-based technique, and RNA-seq. Based on the assembled genome sequence, we detected the sequence variation in a total of 63 cloned genes involved in grain yield, grain size, disease tolerance, lodging resistance, fragrance, and many other important traits. Finally, we identified five elite alleles (qTGW2Nipponbare , qTGW3Nanyangzhan , GW5IR24 , GW6Suyunuo , and qGW8Basmati385 ) controlling long grain size, four elite alleles (COLD1Nipponbare , bZIP73Nipponbare , CTB4aKunmingxiaobaigu , and CTB2Kunmingxiaobaigu ) controlling cold tolerance, three non-functional alleles (DTH7Kitaake , Ghd7Hejiang19 , and Hd1Longgeng31 ) for early heading, two resistant alleles (PiaAkihikari and Pid4Digu ) for rice blast, a resistant allele STV11Kasalath for rice stripe virus, an NRT1.1BIR24 allele for higher nitrate absorption activity, an elite allele SCM3Chugoku117 for stronger culms, and the typical aromatic gene badh2-E2 for fragrance in QG10. These results not only help us to better elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying excellent agronomic traits in QG10 but also have wide-ranging implications for genomics-assisted breeding in early-matured fragrant japonica rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukun Jiang
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold Region, Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold Damage, Harbin, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Xijuan Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold Region, Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold Damage, Harbin, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
- Crop Cultivation and Tillage Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xianli Yang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold Region, Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold Damage, Harbin, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
- Crop Cultivation and Tillage Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chuanzeng Liu
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold Region, Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold Damage, Harbin, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
- Crop Cultivation and Tillage Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Jifang Hu
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Kefei Tan
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxian Wang
- Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
- Northeast Branch of National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Junhe Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold Region, Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold Damage, Harbin, China
- Crop Cultivation and Tillage Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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16
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Yang T, Gu H, Yang W, Liu B, Liang S, Zhao J. Artificially Selected Grain Shape Gene Combinations in Guangdong Simiao Varieties of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 36648593 PMCID: PMC9845460 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain shape is a key trait in rice breeding. Although many QTLs and genes of grain shape have been identified, how different combinations of alleles of these genes affect grain shape is largely unknown. It is important to understand the effects of grain shape gene combinations for breeding by design. In the present study, we performed genetic dissection of the grain shapes in Guangdong Simiao varieties, a popular kind of rice in South China, to identify the effective alleles and their combination for breeding. RESULTS We selected two hundred nineteen indica accessions with diverse grain shapes and fifty-two Guangdong Simiao varieties with long and slender grain shapes for genome-wide selection analysis. The results showed that four (GS3, GS5, GW5 and GL7) of the twenty grain shape genes fall into the regions selected for in Guangdong Simiao varieties. Allele analysis and frequency distribution of these four genes showed that GS3allele3 and GW5allele2 accounted for 96.2%, and GL7allele2 and GS5allele2 accounted for 76.9% and 74.5% of the Simiao varieties, respectively. Further analysis of the allelic combinations showed that 30 allelic combinations were identified in the whole panel, with 28 allelic combinations found in the international indica accessions and 6 allelic combinations found in Guangdong Simiao varieties. There were mainly three combinations (combinations 17, 18 and 19) in the Guangdong Simiao varieties, with combination 19 (GS3allele3 + GW5allele2 + GL7allele2 + GS5allele2) having the highest percentage (51.9%). All three combinations carried GS3allele3 + GW5allele2, while combinations 17 (GL7allele1) and 19 (GL7allele2) showed significant differences in both grain length and length/width ratio due to differences in GL7 alleles. Pedigree analysis of Guang8B, the maintainer of the first released Simiao male sterile line Guang8A, showed that the parent lines and Guang8B carried GS3allele3 + GW5allele2 + GS5allele2, while the GL7 allele differed, resulting in significant differences in grain size. CONCLUSION The results suggest that specific alleles of GS3, GS5, GW5 and GL7 are the key grain shape genes used in the Guangdong Simiao varieties and selected for grain shape improvement. Combination 19 is the predominant allelic combination in the Guangdong Simiao varieties. Our current study is the first to dissect the genetics of grain shape in Guangdong Simiao varieties, and the results will facilitate molecular breeding of Guangdong Simiao varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tifeng Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Haiyong Gu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shihu Liang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Junliang Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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17
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Luo S, Jia J, Liu R, Wei R, Guo Z, Cai Z, Chen B, Liang F, Xia Q, Nian H, Cheng Y. Identification of major QTLs for soybean seed size and seed weight traits using a RIL population in different environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1094112. [PMID: 36714756 PMCID: PMC9874164 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1094112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The seed weight of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the major traits that determine soybean yield and is closely related to seed size. However, the genetic basis of the synergistic regulation of traits related to soybean yield is unclear. METHODS To understand the molecular genetic basis for the formation of soybean yield traits, the present study focused on QTLs mapping for seed size and weight traits in different environments and target genes mining. RESULTS A total of 85 QTLs associated with seed size and weight traits were identified using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed from Guizao1×B13 (GB13). We also detected 18 environmentally stable QTLs. Of these, qSL-3-1 was a novel QTL with a stable main effect associated with seed length. It was detected in all environments, three of which explained more than 10% of phenotypic variance (PV), with a maximum of 15.91%. In addition, qSW-20-3 was a novel QTL with a stable main effect associated with seed width, which was identified in four environments. And the amount of phenotypic variance explained (PVE) varied from 9.22 to 21.93%. Five QTL clusters associated with both seed size and seed weight were summarized by QTL cluster identification. Fifteen candidate genes that may be involved in regulating soybean seed size and weight were also screened based on gene function annotation and GO enrichment analysis. DISCUSSION The results provide a biologically basic reference for understanding the formation of soybean seed size and weight traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Luo
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Jia
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Riqian Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruqian Wei
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhibin Guo
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhandong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuwei Liang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuju Xia
- Rice Molecular Breeding Institute, Granlux Associated Grains, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Lim S, Onoda A, Orn C, Iwamoto H, Ishikawa R, Saito H, Sato Y, Ishii T. Variations in Grain Traits among Local Rice Varieties Collected More Than Half-Century Ago in Indochinese Countries. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:133. [PMID: 36616262 PMCID: PMC9824235 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
More than half-century ago, local rice varieties were collected from Indochinese countries (Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam). Of these, 162 local varieties were examined for 7 grain-size traits: seed length/width/thickness, brown rice length/width/thickness, and 100-seed weight. Since these traits varied considerably, a survey of functional mutations was performed in the genes related to these traits. In total, 19 markers (12 InDel and 7 dCAPS markers) were used to investigate the mutations at 14 grain-size loci of GW2, GS2, qLGY3, GS3, GL3.1, TGW3, GS5, GW5, GS6, TGW6, GW6a, GLW7, GL7, and GW8. Significant allele effects were observed with six markers detecting base substitution mutations at GW2 and GS3 and insertion/deletion mutations at GS5, GW5, and GW6a, suggesting that these mutations might have affected the grain trait and caused variation among local varieties in the Indochinese countries. In addition to grain size, the hull color, grain color, and glutinosity were also examined using a survey of loss-of-function mutations at major responsible loci. Most phenotypes were reflected based on functional mutations at these loci. Since the local varieties have wide genetic variation, they are important genetic resources for future rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Lim
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Anna Onoda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chhourn Orn
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Hyogo, Japan
- Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Phnom Penh P.O. Box 01, Cambodia
| | - Hiromu Iwamoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Tropical Agriculture Research Front, Japan International Research Center of Agricultural Science, Ishigaki 907-0002, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sato
- Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashige Ishii
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Hyogo, Japan
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19
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Chen H, Zhai L, Chen K, Shen C, Zhu S, Qu P, Tang J, Liu J, He H, Xu J. Genetic background- and environment-independent QTL and candidate gene identification of appearance quality in three MAGIC populations of rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1074106. [PMID: 36438096 PMCID: PMC9697191 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1074106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Many QTL have been identified for grain appearance quality by linkage analysis (LA) in bi-parental mapping populations and by genome-wide association study (GWAS) in natural populations in rice. However, few of the well characterized genes/QTL have been successfully applied in molecular rice breeding due to genetic background (GB) and environment effects on QTL expression and deficiency of favorable alleles. In this study, GWAS and LA were performed to identify QTL for five grain appearance quality-related traits using three multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations. A total of 22 QTL on chromosomes 1-3, 5-8 were identified by GWAS for five traits in DC1, DC2 and 8way, and four combined populations DC12 (DC1+DC2), DC18 (DC1+8way), DC28 (DC2+8way) and DC128 (DC1+DC2+8way). And a total of 42 QTL were identified on all 12 chromosomes except 10 by LA in the three single populations. Among 20 QTL identified by GWAS in DC1, DC2 and 8way, 10, four and three QTL were commonly detected in DC18, DC28, and DC128, respectively. Similarly, among 42 QTL detected by LA in the three populations, four, one and two QTL were commonly detected in DC18, DC28, and DC128, respectively. There was no QTL mapped together in DC12 by both two mapping methods, indicating that GB could greatly affect the mapping results, and it was easier to map the common QTL among populations with similar GB. The 8way population was more powerful for QTL mapping than the DC1, DC2 and various combined populations. Compared with GWAS, LA can not only identify large-effect QTL, but also identify minor-effect ones. Among 11 QTL simultaneously detected by the two methods in different GBs and environments, eight QTL corresponded to known genes, including AqGL3b and AqGLWR3a for GL and GLWR, AqGW5a, AqGLWR5, AqDEC5 and AqPGWC5 for GW, GLWR, DEC and PGWC, and AqDEC6b and AqPGWC6b for DEC and PGWC, respectively. AqGL7, AqGL3c/AqGLWR3b, AqDEC6a/AqPGWC6a, and AqPGWC7 were newly identified and their candidate genes were analyzed and inferred. It was discussed to further improve grain appearance quality through designed QTL pyramiding strategy based on the stable QTL identified in the MAGIC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Pingxiang Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technology Research, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Laiyuan Zhai
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Congcong Shen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangbing Zhu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pingping Qu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Pingxiang Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technology Research, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Pingxiang Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technology Research, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Chen W, Hu X, Hu L, Hou X, Xu Z, Yang F, Yuan M, Chen F, Wang Y, Tu B, Li T, Kang L, Tang S, Ma B, Wang Y, Li S, Qin P, Yuan H. Wide Grain 3, a GRAS Protein, Interacts with DLT to Regulate Grain Size and Brassinosteroid Signaling in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:55. [PMID: 36326916 PMCID: PMC9633911 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain size is a direct determinant of grain weight and yield in rice; however, the genetic and molecular mechanisms determining grain size remain largely unknown. FINDINGS We identified a mutant, wide grain 3 (wg3), which exhibited significantly increased grain width and 1000-grain weight. Cytological analysis showed that WG3 regulates grain size by affecting cell proliferation. MutMap-based gene cloning and a transgenic experiment demonstrated that WG3 encodes a GRAS protein. Moreover, we found that WG3 directly interacts with DWARF AND LOW-TILLERING (DLT), a previously reported GRAS protein, and a genetic experiment demonstrated that WG3 and DLT function in a common pathway to regulate grain size. Additionally, a brassinosteroid (BR) sensitivity test suggested that WG3 has a positive role in BR signaling in rice. Collectively, our results reveal a new genetic and molecular mechanism for the regulation of grain size in rice by the WG3-DLT complex, and highlight the important functions of the GRAS protein complex in plants. CONCLUSION WG3 functions directly in regulating grain size and BR signaling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Hu
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Health, The Open University of Sichuan, 610073, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangzhu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiwen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingtian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shigui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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21
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Shi H, Yun P, Zhu Y, Wang L, Li P, Lou G, Xia D, Zhang Q, Xiao J, Li X, He Y, Gao G. Fine mapping of qTGW2b and qGL9, two minor QTL conferring grain size and weight in rice. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:68. [PMID: 37313476 PMCID: PMC10248648 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain size is a key determinant of both grain yield and quality. In this study, we conducted QTL mapping on grain size using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between japonica variety Beilu130 (BL130) and indica variety Jin23B (J23B). A total of twenty-two QTL related to grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length-to-width ratio (LWR), grain thickness (GT), and thousand grain weight (TGW) were detected under two environments, and 14 of them were repeatedly detected. Two minor QTL, qTGW2b and qGL9, were validated and further delimited to regions of 631 kb and 272 kb, respectively. Parental sequence comparison of genes expressed in inflorescence in corresponding candidate regions identified frameshifts in the exons of LOC_Os02g38690 and LOC_Os02g38780, both of which encode protein phosphatase 2C-containing protein, and LOC_Os09g29930, which encodes a BIM2 protein. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the increase of cell size rather than cell number caused the differences in grain size between NILs of qTGW2b and qGL9. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of EXPA4, EXPA5, EXPA6, EXPB3, EXPB4, and EXPB7 were significantly different in both qTGW2b NILs and qGL9 NILs. Our results lay the foundation for the cloning of qTGW2b and qGL9, and provide genetic materials for the improvement of rice yield and quality. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01328-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Peng Yun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Yun Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Pingbo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Guangming Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Duo Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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22
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Yirgu M, Kebede M, Feyissa T, Lakew B, Woldeyohannes AB. Morphological variations of qualitative traits of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions in Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10949. [PMID: 36262303 PMCID: PMC9573889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethiopian barley germplasm is a potential source of useful traits to fight the production challenges of barley farming and to enhance yield productivity in favorable and marginal environments. A study was carried out to assess the distribution and patterns of 17 qualitative trait variations among 85 Ethiopian barley accessions using an alpha lattice design with two replications. The Shannon-Weaver diversity (H') index was used to estimate morphological diversity. Fifteen morphological traits of barley accessions originating from various regions of origins and altitude ranges were polymorphic. However, two traits including stem branching and lemma awn were monomorphic. The highest (0.94) overall mean of H' was obtained for glume colour, kernel row and kernel shape. The estimated H' ranged from 0.41 to 0.99 across regions, and 0.52 to 0.99 across altitude ranges with an overall mean of 0.76. The analysis of variance of H' showed significant variation for most studied traits. Principal components analysis revealed that eight traits were the major loading on the first two principal components that describe 38.3% of the total morphological variance. Heat map analysis based on morphological traits of barley accessions was also grouped into three distinct clusters. Thus, the present finding confirmed that the Ethiopian barley accessions showed vast morphological variations across the region of origins and altitude ranges. Based on the result, further evaluation is ongoing to exploit specific gene variations through phenotyping and genotyping trait association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Yirgu
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Madda Walabu University, P.O. Box 247, Robe, Oromia, Ethiopia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mulugeta Kebede
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tileye Feyissa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Berhane Lakew
- Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta, Ethiopia
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23
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Niu M, Wang H, Yin W, Meng W, Xiao Y, Liu D, Zhang X, Dong N, Liu J, Yang Y, Zhang F, Chu C, Tong H. Rice DWARF AND LOW-TILLERING and the homeodomain protein OSH15 interact to regulate internode elongation via orchestrating brassinosteroid signaling and metabolism. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3754-3772. [PMID: 35789396 PMCID: PMC9516196 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) phytohormones play crucial roles in regulating internode elongation in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. The dwarf and low-tillering (dlt) mutant is a mild BR-signaling-defective mutant. Here, we identify two dlt enhancers that show more severe shortening of the lower internodes compared to the uppermost internode (IN1). Both mutants carry alleles of ORYZA SATIVA HOMEOBOX 15 (OSH15), the founding gene for dwarf6-type mutants, which have shortened lower internodes but not IN1. Consistent with the mutant phenotype, OSH15 expression is much stronger in lower internodes, particularly in IN2, than IN1. The osh15 single mutants have impaired BR sensitivity accompanied by enhanced BR synthesis in seedlings. DLT physically interacts with OSH15 to co-regulate many genes in seedlings and internodes. OSH15 targets and promotes the expression of the BR receptor gene BR INSENSITIVE1 (OsBRI1), and DLT facilitates this regulation in a dosage-dependent manner. In osh15, dlt, and osh15 dlt, BR levels are higher in seedlings and panicles, but unexpectedly lower in internodes compared with the wild-type. Taken together, our results suggest that DLT interacts with OSH15, which functions in the lower internodes, to modulate rice internode elongation via orchestrating BR signaling and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenchao Yin
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Meng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dapu Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxing Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nana Dong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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24
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Fei X, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Shen X, E L, Ding J, Lai J, Song W, Zhao H. Identification of two new QTLs of maize (Zea mays L.) underlying kernel row number using the HNAU-NAM1 population. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:593. [PMID: 35971070 PMCID: PMC9380338 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize kernel row number (KRN) is one of the most important yield traits and has changed greatly during maize domestication and selection. Elucidating the genetic basis of KRN will be helpful to improve grain yield in maize. RESULTS Here, we measured KRN in four environments using a nested association mapping (NAM) population named HNAU-NAM1 with 1,617 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that were derived from 12 maize inbred lines with a common parent, GEMS41. Then, five consensus quantitative trait loci (QTLs) distributing on four chromosomes were identified in at least three environments along with the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) values by the joint linkage mapping (JLM) method. These QTLs were further validated by the separate linkage mapping (SLM) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. Three KRN genes cloned through the QTL assay were found in three of the five consensus QTLs, including qKRN1.1, qKRN2.1 and qKRN4.1. Two new QTLs of KRN, qKRN4.2 and qKRN9.1, were also identified. On the basis of public RNA-seq and genome annotation data, five genes highly expressed in ear tissue were considered candidate genes contributing to KRN. CONCLUSIONS This study carried out a comprehensive analysis of the genetic architecture of KRN by using a new NAM population under multiple environments. The present results provide solid information for understanding the genetic components underlying KRN and candidate genes in qKRN4.2 and qKRN9.1. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) closely linked to qKRN4.2 and qKRN9.1 could be used to improve inbred yield during molecular breeding in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Longping Agriculture Science Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhu E
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haiming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Liu C, Ma T, Yuan D, Zhou Y, Long Y, Li Z, Dong Z, Duan M, Yu D, Jing Y, Bai X, Wang Y, Hou Q, Liu S, Zhang J, Chen S, Li D, Liu X, Li Z, Wang W, Li J, Wei X, Ma B, Wan X. The OsEIL1-OsERF115-target gene regulatory module controls grain size and weight in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1470-1486. [PMID: 35403801 PMCID: PMC9342608 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is one of the essential determinants of rice yield. Our previous studies revealed that ethylene plays an important role in grain-size control; however, the precise mechanism remains to be determined. Here, we report that the ethylene response factor OsERF115 functions as a key downstream regulator for ethylene-mediated grain development. OsERF115 encodes an AP2/ERF-type transcriptional factor that is specifically expressed in young spikelets and developing caryopses. Overexpression of OsERF115 significantly increases grain length, width, thickness and weight by promoting longitudinal elongation and transverse division of spikelet hull cells, as well as enhancing grain-filling activity, whereas its knockout mutations lead to the opposite effects, suggesting that OsERF115 positively regulates grain size and weight. OsERF115 transcription is strongly induced by ethylene, and OsEIL1 directly binds to the promoter to activate its expression. OsERF115 acts as a transcriptional repressor to directly or indirectly modulate a set of grain-size genes during spikelet growth and endosperm development. Importantly, haplotype analysis reveals that the SNP variations in the EIN3-binding sites of OsERF115 promoter are significantly associated with the OsERF115 expression levels and grain weight, suggesting that natural variations in the OsERF115 promoter contribute to grain-size diversity. In addition, the OsERF115 orthologues are identified only in grass species, implying a conserved and unique role in the grain development of cereal crops. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanism of ethylene-mediated grain-size control and a potential strategy based on the OsEIL1-OsERF115-target gene regulatory module for genetic improvement of rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Tian Ma
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dingyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid RiceHunan Hybrid Rice Research CentreChangshaChina
- College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yan Long
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Ziwen Li
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Meijuan Duan
- College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Dong Yu
- College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yizhi Jing
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyue Bai
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
| | - Quancan Hou
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Jin‐Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shou‐Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dayong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for VegetablesBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Xue Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for VegetablesBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jinping Li
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Xun Wei
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Biao Ma
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Shunde Graduate SchoolResearch Center of Biology and AgricultureZhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
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26
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Zhao D, Zhang C, Li Q, Liu Q. Genetic control of grain appearance quality in rice. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108014. [PMID: 35777622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Grain appearance, one of the key determinants of rice quality, reflects the ability to attract consumers, and is characterized by four major properties: grain shape, chalkiness, transparency, and color. Mining of valuable genes, genetic mechanisms, and breeding cultivars with improved grain appearance are essential research areas in rice biology. However, grain appearance is a complex and comprehensive trait, making it challenging to understand the molecular details, and therefore, achieve precise improvement. This review highlights the current findings of grain appearance control, including a detailed description of the key genes involved in the formation of grain appearance, and the major environmental factors affecting chalkiness. We also discuss the integration of current knowledge on valuable genes to enable accurate breeding strategies for generation of rice grains with superior appearance quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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27
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Waseem M, Nkurikiyimfura O, Niyitanga S, Jakada BH, Shaheen I, Aslam MM. GRAS transcription factors emerging regulator in plants growth, development, and multiple stresses. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9673-9685. [PMID: 35713799 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
GRAS transcription factors play multifunctional roles in plant growth, development, and resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The structural and functional features of GRAS TFs have been unveiled in the last two decades. A typical GRAS protein contained a C-terminal GRAS domain with a highly variable N-terminal region. Studies on these TFs increase in numbers and are reported to be involved in various important developmental processes such as flowering, root formation, and stress responses. The GRAS TFs and hormone signaling crosstalk can be implicated in plant development and to stress responses. There are relatively few reports about GRAS TFs roles in plants, and no related reviews have been published. In this review, we summarized the features of GRAS TFs, their targets, and the roles these GRAS TFs playing in plant development and multiple stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. .,College of Life Science, Hainan University, Hainan, P.R. China.
| | - Oswald Nkurikiyimfura
- Key Lab for Bio-Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sylvain Niyitanga
- Department of Plant Pathology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bello Hassan Jakada
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Iffat Shaheen
- Faculty of Agriculture Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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28
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Wang L, Liu Y, Zhao H, Zheng Y, Bai F, Deng S, Chen Z, Wu J, Liu X. Identification of qGL3.5, a Novel Locus Controlling Grain Length in Rice Through Bulked Segregant Analysis and Fine Mapping. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:921029. [PMID: 35783972 PMCID: PMC9240483 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grain length (GL) directly affects the yield and quality of rice. Very few cloned GL-related genes are applied in production because their yield-increasing effects are not obvious, and the overall regulatory networks underlying the associated processes remain poorly understood. DNA samples from two bulk DNA pools (L-pool and S-pool) and their parents (KJ01 and Huaye 3) were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), qGL3.5 was mapped to a 0.34-Mb "hotspot" region on chromosome 3 that contains 37 genes related to various traits. Then, qGL3.5 was mapped to the genomic interval between the flanking markers M2 and M3 using 2786 BC4F2 individuals. Because the region from B5 to B6 was not the associated region under BSA-seq analysis, qGL3.5 was narrowed down to the interval between B6 and M3, which spanned 24.0-kb. Of all 37 genes with non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between KJ01 and Huaye 3 based on BSA-seq analysis, only one complete annotated gene, ORF18 (Gene ID: LOC_Os03g42790.1) was found. ORF18 encodes an IBR-RING zinc-finger-related protein, with one really interesting new gene (RING) and two in between ring finger (IBR) domains. The knockout of ORF18 derived from Huaye 3 using clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) editing technology increased the GL of the mutant by approximately 2.2 mm. The novel locus qGL3.5 negatively regulated GL by promoting elongation of the longitudinal cell of the grain outer glume. These results provide a new genetic resource for rice grain shape breeding and a starting point for the functional characterization of the wild rice GL gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Songgang Middle School, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yuebin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sicheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Xu P, Li J, Deng X, Deng W, Yang Y, Yu Y, Pu Q, Tao D. A Genetic Resource for Rice Improvement: Introgression Library of Agronomic Traits for All AA Genome Oryza Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:856514. [PMID: 35401612 PMCID: PMC8992386 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.856514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rice improvement depends on the availability of genetic variation, and AA genome Oryza species are the natural reservoir of favorable alleles that are useful for rice breeding. To systematically evaluate and utilize potentially valuable traits of new QTLs or genes for the Asian cultivated rice improvement from all AA genome Oryza species, 6,372 agronomic trait introgression lines (ILs) from BC2 to BC6 were screened and raised based on the variations in agronomic traits by crossing 170 accessions of 7 AA genome species and 160 upland rice accessions of O. sativa as the donor parents, with three elite cultivars of O. sativa, Dianjingyou 1 (a japonica variety), Yundao 1 (a japonica variety), and RD23 (an indica variety) as the recurrent parents, respectively. The agronomic traits, such as spreading panicle, erect panicle, dense panicle, lax panicle, awn, prostrate growth, plant height, pericarp color, kernel color, glabrous hull, grain size, 1,000-grain weight, drought resistance and aerobic adaption, and blast resistance, were derived from more than one species. Further, 1,401 agronomic trait ILs in the Dianjingyou 1 background were genotyped using 168 SSR markers distributed on the whole genome. A total of twenty-two novel allelic variations were identified to be highly related to the traits of grain length (GL) and grain width (GW), respectively. In addition, allelic variations for the same locus were detected from the different donor species, which suggest that these QTLs or genes were conserved and the different haplotypes of a QTL (gene) were valuable resources for broadening the genetic basis in Asian cultivated rice. Thus, this agronomic trait introgression library from multiple species and accessions provided a powerful resource for future rice improvement and genetic dissection of agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dayun Tao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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Li P, Chen YH, Lu J, Zhang CQ, Liu QQ, Li QF. Genes and Their Molecular Functions Determining Seed Structure, Components, and Quality of Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:18. [PMID: 35303197 PMCID: PMC8933604 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
With the improvement of people's living standards and rice trade worldwide, the demand for high-quality rice is increasing. Therefore, breeding high quality rice is critical to meet the market demand. However, progress in improving rice grain quality lags far behind that of rice yield. This might be because of the complexity of rice grain quality research, and the lack of consensus definition and evaluation standards for high quality rice. In general, the main components of rice grain quality are milling quality (MQ), appearance quality (AQ), eating and cooking quality (ECQ), and nutritional quality (NQ). Importantly, all these quality traits are determined directly or indirectly by the structure and composition of the rice seeds. Structurally, rice seeds mainly comprise the spikelet hull, seed coat, aleurone layer, embryo, and endosperm. Among them, the size of spikelet hull is the key determinant of rice grain size, which usually affects rice AQ, MQ, and ECQ. The endosperm, mainly composed of starch and protein, is the major edible part of the rice seed. Therefore, the content, constitution, and physicochemical properties of starch and protein are crucial for multiple rice grain quality traits. Moreover, the other substances, such as lipids, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals, included in different parts of the rice seed, also contribute significantly to rice grain quality, especially the NQ. Rice seed growth and development are precisely controlled by many genes; therefore, cloning and dissecting these quality-related genes will enhance our knowledge of rice grain quality and will assist with the breeding of high quality rice. This review focuses on summarizing the recent progress on cloning key genes and their functions in regulating rice seed structure and composition, and their corresponding contributions to rice grain quality. This information will facilitate and advance future high quality rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Hao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao-Quan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian-Feng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Hu J, Huang L, Chen G, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhang S, Liu J, Hu Q, Hu F, Wang W, Ding Y. The Elite Alleles of OsSPL4 Regulate Grain Size and Increase Grain Yield in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:90. [PMID: 34727228 PMCID: PMC8563897 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grain weight and grain number, the two important yield traits, are mainly determined by grain size and panicle architecture in rice. Herein, we report the identification and functional analysis of OsSPL4 in panicle and grain development of rice. Using CRISPR/Cas9 system, two elite alleles of OsSPL4 were obtained, which exhibited an increasing number of grains per panicle and grain size, resulting in increase of rice yield. Cytological analysis showed that OsSPL4 could regulate spikelet development by promoting cell division. The results of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR validations also demonstrated that several MADS-box and cell-cycle genes were up-regulated in the mutation lines. Co-expression network revealed that many yield-related genes were involved in the regulation network of OsSPL4. In addition, OsSPL4 could be cleaved by the osa-miR156 in vivo, and the OsmiR156-OsSPL4 module might regulate the grain size in rice. Further analysis indicated that the large-grain allele of OsSPL4 in indica rice might introgress from aus varieties under artificial selection. Taken together, our findings suggested that OsSPL4 could be as a key regulator of grain size by acting on cell division control and provided a strategy for panicle architecture and grain size modification for yield improvement in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Liyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Guanglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yesheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- BGI-Baoshan, Baoshan, 678004, Yunnan, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Shilai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jintao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qingyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fengyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Chen J, Yan Q, Li J, Feng L, Zhang Y, Xu J, Xia R, Zeng Z, Liu Y. The GRAS gene family and its roles in seed development in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:423. [PMID: 34535087 PMCID: PMC8447652 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GRAS gene family plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes of plant growth, including seed development, which is related to seedless traits of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). However, it hasn't been fully identified and analyzed in litchi, an economic fruit tree cultivated in subtropical regions. RESULTS In this study, 48 LcGRAS proteins were identified and termed according to their chromosomal location. LcGRAS proteins can be categorized into 14 subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure and conserved domain analysis revealed that different subfamilies harbored various motif patterns, suggesting their functional diversity. Synteny analysis revealed that the expansion of the GRAS family in litchi may be driven by their tandem and segmental duplication. After comprehensively analysing degradome data, we found that four LcGRAS genes belong to HAM subfamily were regulated via miR171-mediated degradation. The various expression patterns of LcGRAS genes in different tissues uncovered they were involved in different biological processes. Moreover, the different temporal expression profiles of LcGRAS genes between abortive and bold seed indicated some of them were involved in maintaining the normal development of the seed. CONCLUSION Our study provides comprehensive analyses on GRAS family members in litchi, insight into a better understanding of the roles of GRAS in litchi development, and lays the foundation for further investigations on litchi seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yan
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture / Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratary of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research / Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zaohai Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuanlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Fan Y, Yan J, Lai D, Yang H, Xue G, He A, Guo T, Chen L, Cheng XB, Xiang DB, Ruan J, Cheng J. Genome-wide identification, expression analysis, and functional study of the GRAS transcription factor family and its response to abiotic stress in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:509. [PMID: 34229611 PMCID: PMC8259154 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GRAS, an important family of transcription factors, have played pivotal roles in regulating numerous intriguing biological processes in plant development and abiotic stress responses. Since the sequencing of the sorghum genome, a plethora of genetic studies were mainly focused on the genomic information. The indepth identification or genome-wide analysis of GRAS family genes, especially in Sorghum bicolor, have rarely been studied. Results A total of 81 SbGRAS genes were identified based on the S. bicolor genome. They were named SbGRAS01 to SbGRAS81 and grouped into 13 subfamilies (LISCL, DLT, OS19, SCL4/7, PAT1, SHR, SCL3, HAM-1, SCR, DELLA, HAM-2, LAS and OS4). SbGRAS genes are not evenly distributed on the chromosomes. According to the results of the gene and motif composition, SbGRAS members located in the same group contained analogous intron/exon and motif organizations. We found that the contribution of tandem repeats to the increase in sorghum GRAS members was slightly greater than that of fragment repeats. By quantitative (q) RT-PCR, the expression of 13 SbGRAS members in different plant tissues and in plants exposed to six abiotic stresses at the seedling stage were quantified. We further investigated the relationship between DELLA genes, GAs and grain development in S. bicolor. The paclobutrazol treatment significantly increased grain weight, and affected the expression levels of all DELLA subfamily genes. SbGRAS03 is the most sensitive to paclobutrazol treatment, but also has a high response to abiotic stresses. Conclusions Collectively, SbGRAs play an important role in plant development and response to abiotic stress. This systematic analysis lays the foundation for further study of the functional characteristics of GRAS genes of S. bicolor. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07848-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dili Lai
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxing Xue
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailing He
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianrong Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Food Inspection, 610030, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Tianyi College, 618200, Mianzhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bin Cheng
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Sichuan MinZu College, 626001, Kangding, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Bing Xiang
- School of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjun Ruan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, People's Republic of China.
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Lv G, Zheng X, Duan Y, Wen Y, Zeng B, Ai M, He B. The GRAS gene family in watermelons: identification, characterization and expression analysis of different tissues and root-knot nematode infestations. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11526. [PMID: 34123598 PMCID: PMC8164414 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of GRAS plant-specific transcription factor plays diverse roles in numerous biological processes. Despite the identification and characterization of GRAS genes family in dozens of plant species, until now, GRAS members in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) have not been investigated comprehensively. In this study, using bioinformatic analysis, we identified 37 GRAS genes in the watermelon genome (ClGRAS). These genes are classified into 10 distinct subfamilies based on previous research, and unevenly distributed on 11 chromosomes. Furthermore, a complete analysis was conducted to characterize conserved motifs and gene structures, which revealed the members within same subfamily that have analogous conserved gene structure and motif composition. Additionally, the expression pattern of ClGRAS genes was characterized in fruit flesh and rind tissues during watermelon fruit development and under red light (RL) as well as root knot nematode infestation. Finally, for verification of the availability of public transcriptome data, we also evaluated the expression levels of randomly selected four ClGRAS genes under RL and nematode infection by using qRT-PCR. The qRT-PCR results indicated that several ClGRAS genes were differentially expressed, implying their vital role in RL induction of watermelon resistance against root-knot nematodes. The results obtained in this study could be useful in improving the quality of watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongbo Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yitian Duan
- Renmin University of China, School of Information, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyong Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Shenzhen Technology University, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingqiang Ai
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin He
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Selvaraj R, Singh AK, Singh VK, Abbai R, Habde SV, Singh UM, Kumar A. Superior haplotypes towards development of low glycemic index rice with preferred grain and cooking quality. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10082. [PMID: 33980871 PMCID: PMC8115083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing trends in the occurrence of diabetes underline the need to develop low glycemic index (GI) rice with preferred grain quality. In the current study, a diverse set of 3 K sub-panel of rice consisting of 150 accessions was evaluated for resistant starch and predicted glycemic index, including nine other quality traits under transplanted situation. Significant variations were noticed among the accessions for the traits evaluated. Trait associations had shown that amylose content possess significant positive and negative association with resistant starch and predicted glycemic index. Genome-wide association studies with 500 K SNPs based on MLM model resulted in a total of 41 marker-trait associations (MTAs), which were further confirmed and validated with mrMLM multi-locus model. We have also determined the allelic effect of identified MTAs for 11 targeted traits and found favorable SNPs for 8 traits. A total of 11 genes were selected for haplo-pheno analysis to identify the superior haplotypes for the target traits where haplotypes ranges from 2 (Os10g0469000-GC) to 15 (Os06g18720-AC). Superior haplotypes for RS and PGI, the candidate gene Os06g11100 (H4-3.28% for high RS) and Os08g12590 (H13-62.52 as intermediate PGI). The identified superior donors possessing superior haplotype combinations may be utilized in Haplotype-based breeding to developing next-generation tailor-made high quality healthier rice varieties suiting consumer preference and market demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramchander Selvaraj
- IRRI South Asia Hub (IRRI-SAH), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arun Kumar Singh
- IRRI South Asia Hub (IRRI-SAH), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- IRRI South Asia Hub (IRRI-SAH), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ragavendran Abbai
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Sonali Vijay Habde
- South-Asia Regional Centre (SARC), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Varanasi, India
| | - Uma Maheshwar Singh
- South-Asia Regional Centre (SARC), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Varanasi, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- IRRI South Asia Hub (IRRI-SAH), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India.
- South-Asia Regional Centre (SARC), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Varanasi, India.
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Misra G, Badoni S, Parween S, Singh RK, Leung H, Ladejobi O, Mott R, Sreenivasulu N. Genome-wide association coupled gene to gene interaction studies unveil novel epistatic targets among major effect loci impacting rice grain chalkiness. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:910-925. [PMID: 33220119 PMCID: PMC8131057 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice varieties whose quality is graded as excellent have a lower percent grain chalkiness (PGC) of two per cent and below with higher whole grain yields upon milling, leading to higher economic returns for farmers. We have conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a combined population panel of indica and japonica rice varieties, and identified a total of 746 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were strongly associated with the chalk phenotype, covered 78 Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) regions. Among them, 21 were high-value QTLs, as they explained at least 10 % of the phenotypic variance for PGC. A combined epistasis and GWAS was applied to dissect the genetics of the complex chalkiness trait, and its regulatory cascades were validated using gene regulatory networks. Promising novel epistatic interactions were found between the loci of chromosomes 6 (PGC6.1) and 7 (PGC7.8) that contributed to lower PGC. Based on haplotype mining only a few modern rice varieties confounded with a lower chalkiness, and they possess several PGC QTLs. The importance of PGC6.1 was validated through multi-parent advanced generation intercrosses and several low-chalk lines possessing superior haplotypes were identified. The results of this investigation have deciphered the underlying genetic networks that can reduce PGC to 2%, and will thus support future breeding programs to improve the grain quality of elite genetic material with high-yielding potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Misra
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
| | - Saurabh Badoni
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
| | - Sabiha Parween
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
- Present address:
International Center for Biosaline AgricultureAcademic CityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
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Gong D, Tan Z, Zhao H, Pan Z, Sun Q, Qiu F. Fine mapping of a kernel length-related gene with potential value for maize breeding. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1033-1045. [PMID: 33459823 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03749-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A key candidate gene for maize kernel length was fine mapped to an interval of 942 kb; the locus significantly increases kernel length (KL) and hundred-kernel weight (HKW). Kernel size is a major determinant of yield in cereals. Kernel length, one of the determining factors of kernel size, is a target trait for both domestication and artificial breeding. However, there are few reports of fine mapping and quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/cloned genes for kernel length in maize. In this project, a novel major QTL, named qKL9, controlling maize kernel length was identified. We verified the authenticity and stability of qKL9 via BC2F2 and BC3F1 populations, respectively, and ultimately mapped qKL9 to an ~ 942-kb genomic interval by testing the progenies of recombination events derived from BC3F2 and BC4F2 populations in multiple environments. Additionally, one new line (McqKL9-A) containing the ~ 942-kb segment was screened from the BC4F2 population. Combining transcriptome analysis between McqKL9-A and Mc at 6, 9 and 14 days after pollination and candidate regional association mapping, Zm00001d046723 was preliminarily identified as the key candidate gene for qKL9. Importantly, the replacement in the Mc line of the Mc's alleles by the V671's alleles in the qKL9 region improved the performances of single-cross hybrids obtained with elite lines, illustrating the potential value of this QTL for the genetic improvement in maize kernel-related traits. These findings facilitate molecular breeding for kernel size and cloning of the gene underlying qKL9, shedding light on the genetic basis of kernel size in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengdong Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyuan Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Fazhan Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Wang W. Characterization of the GRAS gene family reveals their contribution to the high adaptability of wheat. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10811. [PMID: 33665016 PMCID: PMC7908883 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
GRAS transcription factors play important roles in many processes of plant development as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses. However, little is known about this gene family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), one of the most important crops worldwide. The completion of a quality draft genome allows genome-wide detection and evolutionary analysis of the GRAS gene family in wheat. In this study, 188 TaGRAS genes were detected and divided into 12 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analyses: DELLA, DLT, HAM, LISCL, SCL3, SCL4/7, SCR, SHR, PAT1, Os19, Os4 and LAS. Tandem and segmental duplications are the main contributors to the expansion of TaGRAS, which may contribute to the adaptation of wheat to various environmental conditions. A high rate of homoeolog retention during hexaploidization was detected, suggesting the nonredundancy and biological importance of TaGRAS homoeologs. Systematic analyses of TaGRAS indicated the conserved expression pattern and function of the same subfamily during evolution. In addition, we detected five genes belonging to the LISCL subfamily induced by both biotic and abiotic stresses and they may be potential targets for further research through gene editing. Using degradome and ChIP-seq data, we identified the targets of miR171 and histone modifications and further analyzed the contribution of epigenetic modification to the subfunctionalization of TaGRAS. This study laid a foundation for further functional elucidation of TaGRAS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Wang M, Yang J, Wan J, Tao D, Zhou J, Yu D, Xu P. A hybrid sterile locus leads to the linkage drag of interspecific hybrid progenies. PLANT DIVERSITY 2020; 42:370-375. [PMID: 33134621 PMCID: PMC7584790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization plays an important role in rice breeding by broadening access to desirable traits such as disease resistance and improving yields. However, interspecific hybridization is often hindered by hybrid sterility, linkage drag, and distorted segregation. To mine for favorable genes from Oryza glaberrima, we cultivated a series of BC4 introgression lines (ILs) of O. glaberrima in the japonica rice variety background (Dianjingyou 1) in which the IL-2769 (BC4F10) showed longer sterile lemmas, wider grains and spreading panicles compared with its receptor parent, suggesting that linkage drag may have occurred. Based on the BC5F2 population, a hybrid sterility locus, S20, a long sterile lemma locus, G1-g, and a new grain width quantitative trait locus (QTL), qGW7, were mapped in the linkage region about 15 centimorgan (cM) from the end of the short arm of chromosome 7. The hybrid sterility locus S20 from O. glaberrima eliminated male gametes of Oryza sativa, and male gametes carrying the alleles of O. sativa in the heterozygotes were aborted completely. In addition, the homozygotes presented a genotype of O. glaberrima, and homozygous O. sativa were not produced. Surprisingly, the linked traits G1-g and qGW7 showed similar segregation distortion. These results indicate that S20 was responsible for the linkage drag. As a large number of detected hybrid sterility loci are widely distributed on rice chromosomes, we suggest that hybrid sterility loci are the critical factors for the linkage drag in interspecific and subspecific hybridization of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianmian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinpeng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiawu Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200, Yunnan, China
| | - Diqiu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
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Zhang L, Ma B, Bian Z, Li X, Zhang C, Liu J, Li Q, Liu Q, He Z. Grain Size Selection Using Novel Functional Markers Targeting 14 Genes in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:63. [PMID: 32902771 PMCID: PMC7481322 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00427-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain size is an extremely important aspect of rice breeding, affecting both grain yield and quality traits. It is controlled by multiple genes and tracking these genes in breeding schemes should expedite selection of lines with superior grain yield and quality, thus it is essential to develop robust, efficient markers. RESULT In this study, 14 genes related to grain size (GW2, GS2, qLGY3, GS3, GL3.1, TGW3, GS5, GW5, GS6, TGW6, GW6a, GLW7, GL7 and GW8) were selected for functional marker development. Twenty-one PCR-gel-based markers were developed to genotype the candidate functional nucleotide polymorphisms (FNPs) of these genes, and all markers can effectively recognize the corresponding allele types. To test the allele effects of different FNPs, a global collection of rice cultivars including 257 accessions from the Rice Diversity Panel 1 was used for allele mining, and four grain-size-related traits were investigated at two planting locations. Three FNPs for GW2, GS2 and GL3.1 were genotyped as rare alleles only found in cultivars with notably large grains, and the allele contributions of the remaining FNPs were clarified in both the indica and japonica subspecies. Significant trait contributions were found for most of the FNPs, especially GS3, GW5 and GL7. Of note, GW5 could function as a key regulator to coordinate the performance of other grain size genes. The allele effects of several FNPs were also tested by QTL analysis using an F2 population, and GW5 was further identified as the major locus with the largest contribution to grain width and length to width ratio. CONCLUSIONS The functional markers are robust for genotyping different cultivars and may facilitate the rational design of grain size to achieve a balance between grain yield and quality in future rice breeding efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding /Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Bin Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Zhong Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding /Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Xiaoyuan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Jiyun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Qun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding /Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Zuhua He
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
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Tian P, Liu J, Mou C, Shi C, Zhang H, Zhao Z, Lin Q, Wang J, Wang J, Zhang X, Guo X, Cheng Z, Zhu S, Ren Y, Lei C, Wang H, Wan J. GW5-Like, a homolog of GW5, negatively regulates grain width, weight and salt resistance in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:1171-1185. [PMID: 30450718 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is an important determinant of yield potential in crops. We previously demonstrated that natural mutations in the regulatory sequences of qSW5/GW5 confer grain width diversity in rice. However, the biological function of a GW5 homolog, named GW5-Like (GW5L), remains unknown. In this study, we report on GW5L knockout mutants in Kitaake, a japonica cultivar (cv.) considered to have a weak gw5 variant allele that confers shorter and wider grains. GW5L is evenly expressed in various tissues, and its protein product is localized to the plasma membrane. Biochemical assays verified that GW5L functions in a similar fashion to GW5. It positively regulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling through repression of the phosphorylation activity of GSK2. Genetic data show that GW5L overexpression in either Kitaake or a GW5 knockout line, Kasaorf3 (indica cv. Kasalath background), causes more slender, longer grains relative to the wild-type. We also show that GW5L could confer salt stress resistance through an association with calmodulin protein OsCaM1-1. These findings identify GW5L as a negative regulator of both grain size and salt stress tolerance, and provide a potential target for breeders to improve grain yield and salt stress resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tian
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiafan Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changling Mou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Provincial Center of Plant Gene Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cuilan Shi
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Provincial Center of Plant Gene Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhichao Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qibing Lin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiulin Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhijun Cheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulong Ren
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Cailin Lei
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Provincial Center of Plant Gene Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Identification and Expression Analysis of GRAS Transcription Factors to Elucidate Candidate Genes Related to Stolons, Fruit Ripening and Abiotic Stresses in Woodland Strawberry ( Fragaria vesca). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184593. [PMID: 31533278 PMCID: PMC6770801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), an allo-octoploid with non-climacteric fleshy fruits, is a popular Rosaceae horticultural crop worldwide that is mainly propagated via stolons during cultivation. Woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), one of the four diploid progenitor species of cultivated strawberry, is widely used as a model plant in the study of Rosaceae fruit trees, non-climacteric fruits and stolons. One GRAS transcription factor has been shown to regulate stolon formation; the other GRAS proteins in woodland strawberry remain unknown. In this study, we identified 54 FveGRAS proteins in woodland strawberry, and divided them into 14 subfamilies. Conserved motif analysis revealed that the motif composition of FveGRAS proteins was conserved within each subfamily, but diverged widely among subfamilies. We found 56 orthologous pairs of GRAS proteins between woodland strawberry and Arabidopsis thaliana, 47 orthologous pairs between woodland strawberry and rice and 92 paralogous pairs within woodland strawberry. The expression patterns of FveGRAS genes in various organs and tissues, and changes therein under cold, heat and GA3 treatments, were characterized using transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that 34 FveGRAS genes were expressed with different degrees in at least four organs, including stolons; only a few genes displayed organ-specific expression. The expression levels of 16 genes decreased, while that of four genes increased during fruit ripening; FveGRAS54 showed the largest increase in expression. Under cold, heat and GA3 treatments, around half of the FveGRAS genes displayed increased or decreased expression to some extent, suggesting differing functions of these FveGRAS genes in the responses to cold, heat and GAs. This study provides insight into the potential functions of FveGRAS genes in woodland strawberry. A few FveGRAS genes were identified as candidate genes for further study, in terms of their functions in stolon formation, fruit ripening and abiotic stresses.
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Azizi P, Osman M, Hanafi MM, Sahebi M, Rafii MY, Taheri S, Harikrishna JA, Tarinejad AR, Mat Sharani S, Yusuf MN. Molecular insights into the regulation of rice kernel elongation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:904-923. [PMID: 31303070 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1632257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A large number of rice agronomic traits are complex, multi factorial and polygenic. As the mechanisms and genes determining grain size and yield are largely unknown, the identification of regulatory genes related to grain development remains a preeminent approach in rice genetic studies and breeding programs. Genes regulating cell proliferation and expansion in spikelet hulls and participating in endosperm development are the main controllers of rice kernel elongation and grain size. We review here and discuss recent findings on genes controlling rice grain size and the mechanisms, epialleles, epigenomic variation, and assessment of controlling genes using genome-editing tools relating to kernel elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Azizi
- a Laboratory of Plantation Science and Technology, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,b Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - M Osman
- c Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - M M Hanafi
- a Laboratory of Plantation Science and Technology, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,b Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,d Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - M Sahebi
- b Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - M Y Rafii
- b Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,c Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - S Taheri
- e Centre of Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - J A Harikrishna
- e Centre of Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - A R Tarinejad
- f Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University , Tabriz , Iran
| | - S Mat Sharani
- g Malaysia Genome Institute , Jalan Bangi , Malaysia
| | - M N Yusuf
- g Malaysia Genome Institute , Jalan Bangi , Malaysia
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Zhang P, Zhong K, Zhong Z, Tong H. Genome-wide association study of important agronomic traits within a core collection of rice (Oryza sativa L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:259. [PMID: 31208337 PMCID: PMC6580581 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1842-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the staple food for over half of the world's population. Thus, improvement of cultivated rice is important for the development of the world. It has been shown that abundant elite genes exist in rice landraces in previous studies. RESULTS A genome-wide association study (GWAS) performed with EMMAX for 12 agronomic traits measured in both Guangzhou and Hangzhou was carried out using 150 accessions of Ting's core collection selected based on 48 phenotypic traits from 2262 accessions of Ting's collection, the GWAS included more than 3.8 million SNPs. Within Ting's core collection, which has a simple population structure, low relatedness, and rapid linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay, we found 32 peaks located closely to previously cloned genes such as Hd1, SD1, Ghd7, GW8, and GL7 or mapped QTL, and these loci might be natural variations in the cloned genes or QTL which influence potentially agronomic traits. Furthermore, we also detected 32 regions where new genes might be located, and some peaks of these new candidate genes such as the signal on chromosome 11 for heading days were even higher than that of Hd1. Detailed annotation of these significant loci were shown in this study. Moreover, according to the estimated LD decay distance of 100 to 350 kb on the 12 chromosomes in this study, we found 13 identical significant regions in the two locations. CONCLUSIONS This research provided important information for further mining these elite genes within Ting's core collection and using them for rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Kaizhen Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Zhengzheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Hanhua Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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Abstract
The size of seeds affects not only evolutionary fitness but also grain yield of crops. Understanding the mechanisms controlling seed size has become an important research field in plant science. Seed size is determined by the integrated signals of maternal and zygotic tissues, which control the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat. Recent advances have identified several signaling pathways that control seed size through maternal tissues, including or involving the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, G-protein signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, phytohormone perception and homeostasis, and some transcriptional regulators. Meanwhile, growth of the zygotic tissues is regulated in part by the HAIKU (IKU) pathway and phytohormones. This review provides a general overview of current findings in seed size control and discusses the emerging molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks found to be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
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Multifaceted Role of PheDof12-1 in the Regulation of Flowering Time and Abiotic Stress Responses in Moso Bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020424. [PMID: 30669467 PMCID: PMC6358834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA binding with one finger (Dof) proteins, forming an important transcriptional factor family, are involved in gene transcriptional regulation, development, stress responses, and flowering responses in annual plants. However, knowledge of Dofs in perennial and erratically flowering moso bamboo is limited. In view of this, a Dof gene, PheDof12-1, was isolated from moso bamboo. PheDof12-1 is located in the nucleus and has the highest expression in palea and the lowest in bract. Moreover, PheDof12-1 expression is high in flowering leaves, then declines during flower development. The transcription level of PheDof12-1 is highly induced by cold, drought, salt, and gibberellin A3 (GA₃) stresses. The functional characteristics of PheDof are researched for the first time in Arabidopsis, and the results show that transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing PheDof12-1 shows early flowering under long-day (LD) conditions but there is no effect on flowering time under short-day (SD) conditions; the transcription levels of FT, SOC1, and AGL24 are upregulated; and FLC and SVP are downregulated. PheDof12-1 exhibits a strong diurnal rhythm, inhibited by light treatment and induced in dark. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay shows that PheDof12-1 can bind to the promoter sequence of PheCOL4. Taken together, these results indicate that PheDof12-1 might be involved in abiotic stress and flowering time, which makes it an important candidate gene for studying the molecular regulation mechanisms of moso bamboo flowering.
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Tong X, Wang Y, Sun A, Bello BK, Ni S, Zhang J. Notched Belly Grain 4, a Novel Allele of Dwarf 11, Regulates Grain Shape and Seed Germination in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124069. [PMID: 30558382 PMCID: PMC6321642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Notched belly grain (NBG) is a type of deformed grain shape that has been associated with inferior appearance and tastes in rice. NBG is coordinated by both environments and genetics. In this study, we report on the first map-based cloning of an NBG gene on chromosome 4, denoted NBG4, which is a novel allele of Dwarf 11 encoding a cytochrome P450 (CYP724B1) involved in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. A 10-bp deletion in the 7th exon knocked down the level of the NBG4 transcript and shifted the reading frame of the resulting protein. In addition to the dwarf and clustered panicle as previously reported in the allelic mutants, nbg4 grains also displayed retarded germination and NBG due to the physical constraint of deformed hulls caused by abnormal hull elongation. NBG4 is constitutively expressed with the highest level of expression in immature inflorescences. In all, 2294 genes were differentially expressed in nbg4 and wild-type (WT), and evidence is presented that NBG4 regulates OsPPS-2, OsPRA2, OsYUCCA1, sped1-D, and Dwarf that play critical roles in determining plant architecture, panicle development, and seed germination. This study demonstrated that NBG4 is a key node in the brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of rice grain shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Aiqun Sun
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Shen Ni
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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Li N, Xu R, Duan P, Li Y. Control of grain size in rice. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:237-251. [PMID: 29523952 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Summary of rice grain size. Rice is one of the most important crops in the world. Increasing rice yield has been an urgent need to support the rapid growth of global population. The size of grains is one of major components determining rice yield; thus, grain size has been an essential target during rice breeding. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of grain size control can provide new strategies for yield improvement in rice. In general, the final size of rice grains is coordinately controlled by cell proliferation and cell expansion in the spikelet hull, which sets the storage capacity of the grain and limits grain filling. Recent studies have identified several quantitative trait loci and a number of genes as key grain size regulators. These regulators are involved in G protein signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, phytohormone signalings, or transcriptional regulation. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on grain size control in rice and discuss the genetic and molecular mechanisms of these grain size regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Penggen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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An EMS-induced new sequence variant, TEMS5032, in the coding region of SRS3 gene leads to shorter grain length in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Appl Genet 2018; 59:377-389. [PMID: 30014258 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-018-0455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Grain shape and size influence yield and consumer preferences in rice. In the present study, we characterized and mapped a short and bold grained mutant and named it as TEMS5032, as the mutant is a result of EMS-induced transition from C to T at the 5032nd bp of SRS3 gene, which is known to affect grain size in rice. The substitution led to creation of a stop codon in the motor domain of SRS3, a kinesin 13 family gene, translating into a truncated protein product. However, transcription of this gene remained unaffected in TEMS5032 compared to the wild type, N22. Further, the mutation was found to affect 13 of the 25 cell cycle-related genes as they showed differential expression with respect to N22. Based on rate of grain filling, dry matter accumulation in the endosperm and histological studies, the effect of mutation in TEMS5032 was found to be similar to a known variant, TCM758, but less severe than sar1 mutant. Sequencing of 88 rice germplasm lines in the kinesin motor domain region did not reveal the presence of this mutation, establishing it as a new variant of SRS3 gene.
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Qin R, Zeng D, Yang C, Akhter D, Alamin M, Jin X, Shi C. LTBSG1, a New Allele of BRD2, Regulates Panicle and Grain Development in Rice by Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E292. [PMID: 29891831 PMCID: PMC6027417 DOI: 10.3390/genes9060292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Panicle architecture and grain size are two important agronomic traits which determine grain yield directly in rice. In the present study, a mutant named ltbsg1 (longer top branch and shorter grain 1) was isolated from the cultivar “Zhenong 34” (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. The target gene was studied through phenotype observation, genetic analysis, map-based cloning and functional analysis. The histocytological analysis indicated that the elongated top branch and shorter grain of mutant ltbsg1 were caused from the defects of cell elongation. The ltbsg1 gene in mutant revealed a single nucleotide substitution (G-A) in the exon 2 of LOC_Os10g25780, causing an amino acid variation (Glycine-Arginine) in the FAD (Flavin-adenine dinucleotide)-binding domain of delta (24)-sterol reductase, which was involved in the brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. LTBSG1 was constitutively expressed and the protein was widely localized in chloroplast, nucleus and cytomembrane. The ltbsg1 seedlings had a lower endogenous BR level and could be restored to the phenotype of wild type by exogenous BR. The LTBSG1 knock-out lines showed similar phenotype defects as mutant ltbsg1, which confirmed that LTBSG1 was responsible for top branch elongation and grain size reduction. Furthermore, LTBSG1 along with other BR-related genes were feedback-regulated due to their obvious altered expression in mutant ltbsg1. This study demonstrated that LTBSG1 could play a new role in regulating panicle and grain development by BR biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Qin
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Dongdong Zeng
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chengcong Yang
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Delara Akhter
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Alamin
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chunhai Shi
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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