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Laurikka A, Vuolteenaho K, Toikkanen V, Rinne T, Leppänen T, Hämäläinen M, Tarkka M, Laurikka J, Moilanen E. Inflammatory Glycoprotein YKL-40 Is Elevated after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Correlates with Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Myocardial Injury, a Pilot Study. Cells 2022; 11:3378. [PMID: 36359773 PMCID: PMC9653903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the levels of YKL-40 during and after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) and to establish possible connections between YKL-40 and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and myocardial injury. Patients undergoing elective CABG utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were recruited into the study. Blood samples were collected at the onset of anesthesia, during surgery and post-operatively. Levels of YKL-40, 8-isoprostane, interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and troponin T (TnT) were measured by immunoassay. YKL-40 levels increased significantly 24 h after CPB. Positive correlation was seen between post-operative TnT and YKL-40 levels (r = 0.457, p = 0.016) and, interestingly, baseline YKL-40 predicted post-operative TnT increase (r = 0.374, p = 0.050). There was also a clear association between YKL-40 and the chemotactic factors MCP-1 (r = 0.440, p = 0.028) and IL-8 (r = 0.484, p = 0.011) linking YKL-40 to cardiac inflammation and fibrosis following CABG. The present results show, for the first time, that YKL-40 is associated with myocardial injury and leukocyte-activating factors following coronary artery bypass surgery. YKL-40 may be a factor and/or biomarker of myocardial inflammation and injury and subsequent fibrosis following heart surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Laurikka
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Vuolteenaho
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa Toikkanen
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Rinne
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Anaesthesia, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina Leppänen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Tarkka
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Laurikka
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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2
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Tsantilas P, Lao S, Wu Z, Eberhard A, Winski G, Vaerst M, Nanda V, Wang Y, Kojima Y, Ye J, Flores A, Jarr KU, Pelisek J, Eckstein HH, Matic L, Hedin U, Tsao PS, Paloschi V, Maegdefessel L, Leeper NJ. Chitinase 3 like 1 is a regulator of smooth muscle cell physiology and atherosclerotic lesion stability. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2767-2780. [PMID: 33471078 PMCID: PMC8848327 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease underlies the majority of ischaemic strokes and is a major cause of death and disability. While plaque burden is a predictor of adverse outcomes, plaque vulnerability is increasingly recognized as a driver of lesion rupture and risk for clinical events. Defining the molecular regulators of carotid instability could inform the development of new biomarkers and/or translational targets for at-risk individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS Using two independent human endarterectomy biobanks, we found that the understudied glycoprotein, chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1), is up-regulated in patients with carotid disease compared to healthy controls. Further, CHI3L1 levels were found to stratify individuals based on symptomatology and histopathological evidence of an unstable fibrous cap. Gain- and loss-of-function studies in cultured human carotid artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs) showed that CHI3L1 prevents a number of maladaptive changes in that cell type, including phenotype switching towards a synthetic and hyperproliferative state. Using two murine models of carotid remodelling and lesion vulnerability, we found that knockdown of Chil1 resulted in larger neointimal lesions comprised by de-differentiated SMCs that failed to invest within and stabilize the fibrous cap. Exploratory mechanistic studies identified alterations in potential downstream regulatory genes, including large tumour suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2), which mediates macrophage marker and inflammatory cytokine expression on SMCs, and may explain how CHI3L1 modulates cellular plasticity. CONCLUSION CHI3L1 is up-regulated in humans with carotid artery disease and appears to be a strong mediator of plaque vulnerability. Mechanistic studies suggest this change may be a context-dependent adaptive response meant to maintain vascular SMCs in a differentiated state and to prevent rupture of the fibrous cap. Part of this effect may be mediated through downstream suppression of LATS2. Future studies should determine how these changes occur at the molecular level, and whether this gene can be targeted as a novel translational therapy for subjects at risk of stroke.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carotid Arteries/enzymology
- Carotid Arteries/pathology
- Carotid Arteries/physiopathology
- Carotid Artery Diseases/enzymology
- Carotid Artery Diseases/genetics
- Carotid Artery Diseases/pathology
- Carotid Artery Diseases/physiopathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1/genetics
- Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Rupture, Spontaneous
- Vascular Remodeling
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlos Tsantilas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Shen Lao
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Eberhard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Greg Winski
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
| | - Monika Vaerst
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vivek Nanda
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yoko Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jianqin Ye
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alyssa Flores
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Jarr
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department for Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany, partner site Munich Heart Alliance
| | - Ljubica Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 870 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany, partner site Munich Heart Alliance
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany, partner site Munich Heart Alliance
| | - Nicholas J Leeper
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Bldg., M121 Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Chen GL, Wang SC, Shen TC, Chang WS, Lin C, Hsia TC, Bau DAT, Tsai CW. Significant Association of Chitinase 3-like 1 Genotypes to Asthma Risk in Taiwan. In Vivo 2021; 35:799-803. [PMID: 33622872 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is overexpressed in asthma, and negatively associated with forced expiratory volume in the first second. This study aimed at evaluating whether CHI3L1 genotypes affect asthma risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS The blood samples of 198 asthma patients and 453 control subjects were collected, and the genotypic patterns of CHI3L1 -131C/G (rs4950928) and -247G/A (rs1262491437) were examined. RESULTS The percentages of CG and GG at CHI3L1 -131C/G were 32.8% and 7.6% among the asthma cases, respectively, significantly higher than the 23.8% and 3.1% among the non-asthmatic healthy subjects (p for trend=0.0009). The allelic frequency distribution analysis showed that the G allele at CHI3L1 - 131C/G conferred a significantly higher asthma risk than the wild-type C allele (p<0.0001). The genotypic and allelic frequency analyses for CHI3L1 -247G/A did not show any significant difference. CONCLUSION The G allele at CHI3L1-131C/G serves as a biomarker in determining personal susceptibility to asthma in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shou-Cheng Wang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Te-Chun Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Shin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - DA-Tian Bau
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; .,Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; .,Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Arain F, Abraityte A, Bogdanova M, Solberg OG, Michelsen AE, Lekva T, Aakhus S, Holm S, Halvorsen B, Finsen AV, Vinge LE, Nymo S, Espeland T, Ranheim T, Aukrust P, Vaage IJ, Auensen A, Gullestad L, Ueland T. YKL-40 (Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1) Serum Levels in Aortic Stenosis. Circ Heart Fail 2020; 13:e006643. [PMID: 32962417 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of novel biomarkers could provide prognostic information and improve risk stratification in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like protein 1), a protein involved in atherogenesis, is upregulated in human calcific aortic valves. We hypothesized that circulating YKL-40 would be elevated and associated with the degree of AS severity and outcome in patients with symptomatic AS. METHODS Plasma YKL-40 was analyzed in 2 AS populations, one severe AS (n=572) with outcome measures and one with mixed severity (n=67). YKL-40 expression in calcified valves and in an experimental pressure overload model was assessed. RESULTS We found (1) patients with AS had upregulated circulating YKL-40 compared with healthy controls (median 109 versus 34 ng/mL, P<0.001), but levels were not related to the degree of AS severity. (2) High YKL-40 levels (quartile 4) were associated with long-term (median follow-up 4.7 years) all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.37-2.73], P<0.001). (3) YKL-40 protein expression in human calcific valves co-localized with its putative receptor IL-13rα2 in close proximity to valve interstitial cells. (4) Myocardial YKL-40 increased in experimental pressure overload (6-fold in decompensated versus sham mice). CONCLUSIONS YKL-40 levels were elevated in AS and associated with mortality but not with other metrics of disease severity including the degree of AS severity. Despite scientific rationale for its role in AS, the clinical utility of circulating YKL-40 as a biomarker is limited. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01794832.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Arain
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Aurelija Abraityte
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.A., A.V.F., L.-E.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Mariia Bogdanova
- Department of Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,National Almazov Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia (M.B.)
| | - Ole G Solberg
- Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Svend Aakhus
- Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (S.A., T.E.).,Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway (S.A., T.E.)
| | - Sverre Holm
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandra V Finsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.A., A.V.F., L.-E.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Leif-Erik Vinge
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.A., A.V.F., L.-E.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle Nymo
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torvald Espeland
- Department of Circulation and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (S.A., T.E.).,Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway (S.A., T.E.)
| | - Trine Ranheim
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases (P.A.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Norway (P.A., T.U.)
| | - Ingvar Jarle Vaage
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (I.J.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Radiation Medicine Laboratory, ITMO University, St Petersburg, Russia (I.J.V.)
| | - Andreas Auensen
- Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gullestad
- Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Norway (P.A., T.U.)
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5
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KESKİN GS, HELVACI Ö, YAYLA Ç, T. PAŞAOĞLU Ö, KESKİN Ç, ARINSOY T, B. DERİCİ Ü. Relationship between plasma YKL-40 levels and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:139-146. [PMID: 30763987 PMCID: PMC7350791 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1804-169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim We aimed to evaluate the relationship between YKL-40 and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Materials and methods Twenty-nine hemodialysis patients, 101 patients with nondialytic (stage 2, 3, 4, and 5 ND) chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 38 healthy individuals as a control group were included. YKL-40 levels were measured by ELISA. Endothelial dysfunction was indirectly measured by flow-mediated dilatation percentage (FMD) in the brachial artery. Results YKL-40 levels were higher in CKD patients than controls and highest in HD patients (P = 0.001). FMD values were lower in nondialytic CKD patients and lowest in HD patients (P = 0.001). YKL-40 negatively correlated with eGFR and FMD values (r = –0.674 and r = –0.471, respectively). Conclusion This study shows that YKL-40 increases with CKD stage and is negatively correlated with FMD measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Sema KESKİN
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent Unıversity, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Özant HELVACI
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, AnkaraTurkey
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Çağrı YAYLA
- Department of Cardiology, Yüksek İhtisas Hospital, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Özge T. PAŞAOĞLU
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Çağlar KESKİN
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Turgay ARINSOY
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Ülver B. DERİCİ
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, AnkaraTurkey
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6
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Fuksiewicz M, Kotowicz B, Rutkowski A, Achinger-Kawecka J, Wagrodzki M, Kowalska MM. The Assessment of Clinical Usage and Prognostic Value of YKL-40 Serum Levels in Patients With Rectal Cancer Without Distant Metastasis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818765209. [PMID: 29642772 PMCID: PMC5900806 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818765209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and significant malignancies in the world. YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like protein 1) is involved in cell proliferation, migration, inflammation, and tissue remodeling; and serum levels of YKL-40 are associated with patient outcome in various cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the potential clinical usage of YKL-40 pretreatment serum levels as a prognostic biomarker in rectal cancer. METHODS Concentrations of YKL-40 and standard tumor marker-Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-were assessed in serum of 83 patients with rectal cancer without distant metastasis, and association with clinicopathological characteristics and disease-free and overall survival was evaluated. RESULTS Concentration of YKL-40 was significantly higher in serum of patients with rectal cancer compared to healthy controls ( P = .0001), and YKL-40 levels were able to predict rectal cancer (area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic [ROC] curve = .769) with higher accuracy than CEA (area under the ROC curve = .728) in patients with early stage disease. Increased YKL-40 levels were significantly associated with age ( P = .001); however, no association with other clinicopathological characteristics was observed. Finally, in patients with recurrence, the percentage of cases with increased concentration of YKL-40 was significantly higher than in patients without recurrence ( P = .041), and Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that elevated YKL-40 concentration is a predictor of poor overall survival in patients with rectal cancer. CONCLUSION Pretreatment serum levels of YKL-40 may be a novel prognostic factor of overall and disease-free survival in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Fuksiewicz
- 1 Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kotowicz
- 1 Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rutkowski
- 2 Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Achinger-Kawecka
- 3 Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Epigenetics Research Laboratory, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,4 Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michal Wagrodzki
- 5 Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria M Kowalska
- 1 Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Li Z, Lu H, Gu J, Liu J, Zhu Q, Lu Y, Wang X. Chitinase 3-Like-1-Deficient Splenocytes Deteriorated the Pathogenesis of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease via Regulating Differentiation of Tfh Cells. Inflammation 2018; 40:1576-1588. [PMID: 28656528 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is an intractable complication in transplant patients, limiting the efficacy of this therapy. Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), a member of the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family that lacks chitinase activity, plays a critical role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of CHI3L1 on the development of aGVHD. In this study, mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) in vitro showed that CHI3L1 deficiency in CD4+ T cell promoted the production of interferon (IFN)-γ and T follicular helper (Tfh)-related cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-21 (IL-21). Meanwhile, the inducible Tfh cell population increased remarkably in CHI3L1-KO CD4+ T cells' induction group, compared with WT group. Then, in the murine acute GVHD model, we found that CHI3L1 deficiency in donor splenocytes dramatically increased the severity of aGVHD through enhancing Tfh cell differentiation. Moreover, at mRNA and protein levels, we defined several molecules that may account for the enhanced ability of CHI3L1-KO splenocytes to migrate into target organs and produce IFN-γ and Tfh-related cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-6, IL-21, and CXCL13. Expression of inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) and B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) increased in the skin, the intestine, the lung, and the liver from CHI3L1-KO splenocyte-treated aGVHD mice. Therefore, these results strongly imply that CHI3L1 levels in donor cells may be related to the risk of aGVHD and targeting CHI3L1 represents a novel therapeutic strategy for controlling aGVHD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyao Li
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Yunjie Lu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China.
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8
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Jung TW, Park HS, Choi GH, Kim D, Jeong JH, Lee T. Chitinase‐3‐like protein 1 ameliorates atherosclerotic responses via PPARδ‐mediated suppression of inflammation and ER stress. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6795-6805. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Jung
- Research Administration TeamSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea
| | - Hyung Sub Park
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea
| | - Geum Hee Choi
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea
| | - Daehwan Kim
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of PharmacologyCollege of MedicineChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Taeseung Lee
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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9
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Nielsen TL, Plesner LL, Warming PE, Pallisgaard JL, Dalsgaard M, Schou M, Høst U, Rydahl C, Brandi L, Køber L, Johansen JS, Kastrup J, Iversen KK. YKL-40 in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis. Biomarkers 2018; 23:357-363. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1428359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ture Lange Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louis Lind Plesner
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peder Emil Warming
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Morten Dalsgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Høst
- Medical Department, Glostrup Hospital, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper Rydahl
- Department of Nephrology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisbet Brandi
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia Sidenius Johansen
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Kastrup
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Görgens SW, Hjorth M, Eckardt K, Wichert S, Norheim F, Holen T, Lee S, Langleite T, Birkeland KI, Stadheim HK, Kolnes KJ, Tangen DS, Kolnes AJ, Jensen J, Drevon CA, Eckel J. The exercise-regulated myokine chitinase-3-like protein 1 stimulates human myocyte proliferation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 216:330-45. [PMID: 26303257 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is involved in tissue remodelling and inflammatory processes. Plasma levels are elevated in patients with insulin resistance and T2DM. We recently showed that CHI3L1 and its receptor protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) are expressed in skeletal muscle. Activation of PAR-2 by CHI3L1 protects against TNF-α-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. However, the effect of exercise on CHI3L1 and PAR-2 signalling remains unknown. The aim of this work was to study the impact of exercise on CHI3L1 production and the effect of CHI3L1/PAR-2 signalling on skeletal muscle growth and repair. METHODS Three human exercise studies were used to measure CHI3L1 plasma levels (n = 32). In addition, muscle and adipose tissue CHI3L1 mRNA expression was measured in response to acute and long-term exercise (n = 24). Primary human skeletal muscle cells were differentiated in vitro, and electrical pulse stimulation was applied. In addition, myoblasts were incubated with CHI3L1 protein and activation of MAP kinase signalling as well as proliferation was measured. RESULTS Circulating CHI3L1 levels and muscle CHI3L1 mRNA were increased after acute exercise. In addition, CHI3L1 mRNA expression as well as CHI3L1 secretion was enhanced in electrically stimulated cultured myotubes. Incubation of cultured human myoblasts with CHI3L1 protein leads to a strong activation of p44/42, p38 MAPK and Akt as well as enhanced myoblast proliferation. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CHI3L1 is induced by acute exercise and that CHI3L1/PAR-2 signalling activates myocyte proliferation, which is important for restructuring of skeletal muscle in the response to exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. W. Görgens
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center (DDZ); Düsseldorf Germany
| | - M. Hjorth
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - K. Eckardt
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center (DDZ); Düsseldorf Germany
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - S. Wichert
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center (DDZ); Düsseldorf Germany
| | - F. Norheim
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - T. Holen
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - S. Lee
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - T. Langleite
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - K. I. Birkeland
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - H. K. Stadheim
- Department of Physical Performance; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences; Oslo Norway
| | - K. J. Kolnes
- Charles University Third Faculty of Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - D. S. Tangen
- Department of Physical Performance; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences; Oslo Norway
| | - A. J. Kolnes
- Charles University Third Faculty of Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - J. Jensen
- Department of Physical Performance; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences; Oslo Norway
| | - C. A. Drevon
- Department of Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - J. Eckel
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center (DDZ); Düsseldorf Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.); Düsseldorf Germany
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11
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Graffouillère L, Deschasaux M, Mariotti F, Neufcourt L, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Wirth MD, Latino-Martel P, Hercberg S, Galan P, Julia C, Kesse-Guyot E, Touvier M. Prospective association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and mortality: modulation by antioxidant supplementation in the SU.VI.MAX randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103:878-85. [PMID: 26864363 PMCID: PMC4763501 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.126243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is a central mechanism involved in cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases, 4 leading causes of mortality. Diet is a major source of pro- and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was designed to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of the diet. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to study the prospective association between the DII and mortality, as well as assess whether antioxidant supplementation could modulate this association. DESIGN The Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which participants received low-dose antioxidants or a placebo from 1994 to 2002. In this observational prospective analysis, 8089 participants (mean ± SD age at baseline: 49.0 ± 6.3 y) were followed between 1994 and 2007 (median: 12.4 y). The DII was calculated from repeated 24-h dietary records; higher scores correspond to more proinflammatory diets. A total of 207 deaths occurred during follow-up, including 123 due to cancer and 41 due to cardiovascular events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were computed. RESULTS Sex-specific tertiles of the DII were positively associated with cardiovascular + cancer mortality (HR for tertile 3 compared with tertile 1 = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.32; P-trend = 0.05) and specific cancer mortality (HR for tertile 3 compared with tertile 1 = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.99; P-trend = 0.02). The corresponding P value was 0.07 for all-cause mortality. The DII was statistically significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality in the placebo group (HR for tertile 3 compared with tertile 1 = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.15, 3.84; P-trend = 0.02) but not in the antioxidant-supplemented group (P-trend = 0.8; P-interaction = 0.098). CONCLUSION These results suggest that a proinflammatory diet is associated with increased all-cause and cancer mortality and antioxidants may counteract some of the proinflammatory effects of the diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Graffouillère
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France
| | - François Mariotti
- AgroParisTech and INRA, Research Center in Human Nutrition from the Ile-de-France region, Mixt Research Unit 914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France
| | - Lola Neufcourt
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC; and
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC; and
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC; and
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France; Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France; Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, French National Institutes of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (Cnam), Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Bobigny, France;
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12
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The inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 decreases stepwise after exercise stress test. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 2016; 5:21-27. [PMID: 28392973 PMCID: PMC5367501 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum YKL-40 is an inflammatory biomarker associated with disease activity and mortality in diseases characterized by inflammation such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Exercise has a positive effect on CAD, possibly mediated by a decreased inflammatory activity. This study aimed to compare serial measurements of serum YKL-40 before and after exercise in patients with stable CAD versus controls. Materials and methods Eleven patients with stable CAD verified by coronary angiography (>70% stenosis) and 11 patients with a computer tomography angiography with no stenosis or calcification (calcium score=0) (controls) performed a standard clinical maximal exercise test. Serum YKL-40 was measured before exercise, immediately after exercise, and every hour for 6 h. Results Cardiovascular risk factors were more prevalent among the CAD patients compared with the controls. CAD patients had higher serum concentration of YKL-40 at baseline compared with controls, median (interquartile range) 94 (52–151) versus 57 (45–79) μg/l. Serum YKL-40 decreased stepwise after exercise, with a median decrease of 16 (13–39) μg/l for the CAD patients and 13 (10–22) μg/l for the controls from baseline to the lowest value. Thereafter, values increased again toward baseline level. Time after exercise was a significant factor for decrease in serum YKL-40 (P<0.0001), but no difference in YKL-40 decrease over time could be demonstrated between the groups (P=0.12). Conclusion Serum YKL-40 is elevated in patients with documented CAD compared with controls, and it decreases stepwise after exercise in both groups, indicating an anti-inflammatory effect of exercise independent of the presence of coronary atherosclerosis.
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13
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Plesner LL, Iversen AKS, Langkjær S, Nielsen TL, Østervig R, Warming PE, Salam IA, Kristensen M, Schou M, Eugen-Olsen J, Forberg JL, Køber L, Rasmussen LS, Sölétormos G, Pedersen BK, Iversen K. The formation and design of the TRIAGE study--baseline data on 6005 consecutive patients admitted to hospital from the emergency department. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2015; 23:106. [PMID: 26626588 PMCID: PMC4667414 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-015-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient crowding in emergency departments (ED) is a common challenge and associated with worsened outcome for the patients. Previous studies on biomarkers in the ED setting has focused on identification of high risk patients, and and the ability to use biomarkers to identify low-risk patients has only been sparsely examined. The broader aims of the TRIAGE study are to develop methods to identify low-risk patients appropriate for early ED discharge by combining information from a wide range of new inflammatory biomarkers and vital signs, the present baseline article aims to describe the formation of the TRIAGE database and characteristize the included patients. METHODS We included consecutive patients ≥ 17 years admitted to hospital after triage staging in the ED. Blood samples for a biobank were collected and plasma stored in a freezer (-80 °C). Triage was done by a trained nurse using the Danish Emergency Proces Triage (DEPT) which categorizes patients as green (not urgent), yellow (urgent), orange (emergent) or red (rescusitation). Presenting complaints, admission diagnoses, comorbidities, length of stay, and 'events' during admission (any of 20 predefined definitive treatments that necessitates in-hospital care), vital signs and routine laboratory tests taken in the ED were aslo included in the database. RESULTS Between September 5(th) 2013 and December 6(th) 2013, 6005 patients were included in the database and the biobank (94.1 % of all admissions). Of these, 1978 (32.9 %) were categorized as green, 2386 (39.7 %) yellow, 1616 (26.9 %) orange and 25 (0.4 %) red. Median age was 62 years (IQR 46-76), 49.8 % were male and median length of stay was 1 day (IQR 0-4). No events were found in 2658 (44.2 %) and 158 (2.6 %) were admitted to intensive or intermediate-intensive care unit and 219 (3.6 %) died within 30 days. A higher triage acuity level was associated with numerous events, including acute surgery, endovascular intervention, i.v. treatment, cardiac arrest, stroke, admission to intensive care, hospital transfer, and mortality within 30 days (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The TRIAGE database has been completed and includes data and blood samples from 6005 unselected consecutive hospitalized patients. More than 40 % experienced no events and were therefore potentially unnecessary hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Lind Plesner
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anne Kristine Servais Iversen
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Sandra Langkjær
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ture Lange Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rebecca Østervig
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Peder Emil Warming
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Idrees Ahmad Salam
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Michael Kristensen
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jakob Lundager Forberg
- Emergency Department, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lars S Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - György Sölétormos
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of Cardiology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cardiology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Harutyunyan M, Johansen JS, Mygind ND, Reuter SB, Kastrup J. Serum YKL-40 for monitoring myocardial ischemia after revascularization in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Biomark Med 2015; 8:977-87. [PMID: 25343670 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.14.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim was to investigate the inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 as a monitor of myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS A total of 311 patients with stable CAD were included. Blood samples were taken at baseline, the day after coronary angiography and/or after percutaneous coronary intervention and after 6 months. RESULTS A total of 148 (48%) patients were revascularized and 163 patients underwent only coronary angiography. In the entire population, serum YKL-40 increased significantly from baseline to 6 months (p = 0.05). This tendency was seen in nonrevascularized patients (p = 0.06), but not in revascularized patients (p = 0.46). Serum YKL-40 increased approximately 25% the day after the invasive procedure (p < 0.001) and then decreased significantly to nearly baseline after 6 months (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Serum YKL-40 is a potential promising biomarker of disease progression but not of myocardial ischemia in patients with stable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Harutyunyan
- Department of Medicine B, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital & Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Bastrup-Birk S, Munthe-Fog L, Skjoedt MO, Ma YJ, Nielsen H, Køber L, Nielsen OW, Iversen K, Garred P. Pentraxin-3 level at admission is a strong predictor of short-term mortality in a community-based hospital setting. J Intern Med 2015; 277:562-72. [PMID: 25143177 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pattern recognition molecule pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a novel potential marker of prognosis, as elevated levels are associated with both disease severity and mortality in patients with a wide range of conditions. However, the usefulness of PTX3 as a prognostic biomarker in a general hospital setting is unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study cohort consisted of 1326 unselected, consecutive patients (age >40 years) admitted to a community hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark. Patients were followed until death or for a median of 11.5 years after admission. The main outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Serum samples collected from patients at admission and from 192 healthy control subjects were quantified for PTX3 level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS PTX3 was elevated in patients (median 3.7 ng mL(-1) , range 0.5-209.8) compared with healthy nonhospitalized subjects (median 3.5 ng mL(-1) , range 0.0-8.3; P = 0.0003). Elevated PTX3 levels, defined as above the 95th percentile of the concentration in healthy subjects, were associated with increased overall mortality during the study (P < 0.0001). This increase in mortality was greatest in the short term, with an unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 6.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.8-11.0] at 28 days after admission, compared to 1.7 (95% CI 1.4-2.0) at the end of follow-up. These results were still significant after adjustment for age, gender and glomerular filtration rate: adjusted HR of 5.0 (95% CI 2.9-8.8) and 1.4 (95% CI 1.2-1.8), respectively. CONCLUSION These results suggest that PTX3 could be a widely applicable marker of short-term mortality in hospitalized patients and may be useful in the initial risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bastrup-Birk
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Erturk A, Cure E, Cure MC, Parlak E, Kurt A, Ogullar S. The association between serum YKL-40 levels, mean platelet volume, and c-reactive protein in patients with cellulitis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33 Suppl:61-6. [PMID: 25657159 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower limb cellulitis is an infectious disease that has serious complications unless it is treated. OBJECTIVES In this pilot study, we evaluated whether levels of YKL-40, an acute-phase reactant, and mean platelet volume (MPV), which occurs secondary to inflammation in cellulitis, increase compared to healthy subjects. We also aimed to investigate the association between YKL-40 and MPV in the prognosis of the patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 55 patients with cellulitis (23 men and 32 women) and a similar age group of 46 healthy individuals (22 men and 24 women) were included in the study. Cellulitis was diagnosed according to guideline. Serum YKL-40 levels, MPV, C-reactive protein (CRP), and other biochemical values of both groups were compared. RESULTS YKL-40 levels (52.2±34.5 ng/mL vs 34.6±18.0 ng/mL, P=0.004), MPV (7.7±1.0 fL vs 6.9±0.7 fL, P<0.001), and CRP (9.5±8.2 mg/dL vs 0.7±0.6 mg/dL, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the patients with cellulitis than the control. The mean recovery time (RT) of the patients was 22.6±6.9 days. We found that YKL-40 (odds ratio [OR] 0.1, confidence interval [Cl] 0.028-0.191, P=0.009) and MPV (OR 2.4, Cl 0.254-4.578, P=0.029) have an independent association with RT. CONCLUSION YKL-40 and MPV values were correlated with higher CRP in the cellulitis group than in controls. According to these results, increased YKL-40 and MPV levels might be a prognostic factor for cellulitis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Erturk
- Department of Infectious Disease, University of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Rize, Turkey
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17
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Tsai Y, Ko Y, Huang M, Lin M, Wu C, Wang C, Chen Y, Li J, Tseng Y, Wang T. CHI3L1 polymorphisms associate with asthma in a Taiwanese population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:86. [PMID: 25056157 PMCID: PMC4113488 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A genome-wide association study uncovered Chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1) as a candidate gene for asthma susceptibility. CHI3L1, which encodes the YKL-40 protein, is associated with asthma in Western European and American populations and with atopy in a Korean population. However, asthma-associated polymorphisms remain unknown for a Taiwanese population. METHODS We enrolled 628 adult asthmatic patients and 1:1 age-sex matched community-based controls in southern Taiwan and performed a combined effect sizes analysis to test if CHI3L1 polymorphisms were related to genetic risks for asthma in the Asian population. Ten tagSNP polymorphisms for the CHI3L1 gene were selected from the HapMap database and genotyped using a TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. RESULTS Adjusted odds ratios of the CHI3L1 rs1538372 CC genotype (aOR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.23-3.14) and the rs10399931 GG genotype (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.13-2.77) were significantly associated with asthma in the Taiwanese populations. Predictive values of forced expiratory volume in the first second of the forced vital capacity (12.37%, P = 0.03) and of forced vital capacity (12.10%, P = 0.036) decreased in conjunction with an increase in YKL-40 levels among CHI3L1 rs1538372 CC carriers; these values were 16.1% (P = 0.004) and 14.5% (P = 0.011), respectively, among CHI3L1 rs10399931 GG carriers. Furthermore, steroid use by asthma patients did not affect serum YKL-40 levels, but both polymorphisms had significant effects on YKL-40 levels in asthma patients who used steroids. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the CHI3L1 polymorphisms rs1538372 and rs10399931 can be used as genetic markers for predicting asthma risk in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tsunai Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, No, 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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18
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Ridker PM, Chasman DI, Rose L, Loscalzo J, Elias JA. Plasma levels of the proinflammatory chitin-binding glycoprotein YKL-40, variation in the chitinase 3-like 1 gene (CHI3L1), and incident cardiovascular events. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000897. [PMID: 24958781 PMCID: PMC4309091 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background YKL‐40, encoded by the chitinase 3‐like 1 (CHI3L1) gene, is a chitinase‐like protein involved in innate immune function hypothesized to play a role in the progression of atherosclerosis that may have differential roles in myocardial infarction (MI), as compared to stroke. Methods and Results In a nested case‐control study conducted within a prospective cohort of 23 294 initially healthy women of European ancestry, we (1) measured plasma concentration of YKL‐40 among 359 participants who subsequently developed cardiovascular events and among 359 age‐, smoking‐, and hormone replacement therapy–matched participants who remained free of disease during 17 years of follow‐up, (2) compared effects of YKL‐40 on vascular risk to that associated with 3 alternative inflammatory biomarkers (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) ([hsCRP], soluble intracellular adhesion molecule 1, and fibrinogen), and (3) evaluated the role of 41 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the chitinase 3‐like 1 gene (CHI3L1) as determinants of YKL‐40 levels and incident vascular events. YKL‐40 levels were higher in women with hypertension, diabetes, and obesity and correlated modestly with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and hsCRP, but not with low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Baseline YKL‐40 level was significantly associated with incident thromboembolic stroke with a magnitude of effect (a 40% per quartile increase in odds ratio [OR], P=0.019) comparable to that of hsCRP (a 52% per quartile increase in OR, P=0.006). By contrast, no significant association was observed between YKL‐40 and incident MI. Genetic variation in CHI3L1 was strongly associated with YKL‐40 levels; however, in this sample set, we did not observe a statistically significant association between genotype and future vascular events. Conclusions Among initially healthy U.S. women, plasma levels of the proinflammatory chitenase‐like protein, YKL‐40, were influenced by environmental as well as genetic factors and predicted incident thromboembolic stroke, but not MI, a differential effect consistent with limited previous data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Ridker
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (P.R., D.I.C., L.R.) Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (P.R., D.I.C., J.L.)
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (P.R., D.I.C., L.R.) Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (P.R., D.I.C., J.L.)
| | - Lynda Rose
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (P.R., D.I.C., L.R.)
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (P.R., D.I.C., J.L.)
| | - Jack A Elias
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, R.I. (J.A.E.)
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Chitinase-3-like protein 1 protects skeletal muscle from TNFα-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Biochem J 2014; 459:479-88. [PMID: 24512683 DOI: 10.1042/bj20131151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CHI3L1 (chitinase-3-like protein 1) is a glycoprotein consisting of 383 amino acids with a molecular mass of 40 kDa, and its serum level is elevated in inflammatory diseases. Although CHI3L1 is described as a biomarker of inflammation, the function of this protein is not completely understood. In the present study, we examined the regulation of CHI3L1 in primary human skeletal muscle cells. Moreover, we analysed potential autocrine effects of CHI3L1. We show that myotubes express CHI3L1 in a differentiation-dependent manner. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines up-regulate CHI3L1 expression (6-fold) and release (3-fold). Importantly, CHI3L1 treatment blocked TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α)-induced inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) activation in skeletal muscle cells. We show that this effect is mediated via PAR2 (protease-activated receptor 2). In addition, CHI3L1 treatment diminished the TNFα-induced expression and secretion of IL (interleukin)-8, MCP1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) and IL-6. In addition, impaired insulin action at the level of Akt and GSK3α/β (glycogen synthase kinase 3α/β) phosphoryl-ation and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was normalized by CHI3L1. In conclusion, the novel myokine CHI3L1, which is induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, can counteract TNFα-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle cells, potentially involving an auto- and/or para-crine mechanism.
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20
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Du C, Yang Y, Lin Y, Yang J. Expression and mechanism of BRP-39 in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rat. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 70:251-7. [PMID: 24659093 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-9889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the effects of breast regression protein 39 (BRP-39) in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanism in pulmonary fibrosis by studying change in BRP-39 to provide a novel direction for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. SPF grade male C57BL/6 rats were randomly divided into three groups, including bleomycin group, bleomycin+ BRP-39 recombinant protein group and control group. HE and Masson staining were applied to test the change in lung tissue after being treated by BRP-39, ELISA was applied to test the expression of TGF-β1 in different groups, and Western blot was used to test the expression of BRP-39 in rat lung tissue. Expression of BRP-39 increased, the fibrosis was obvious, and lung tissue collagen increased in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rat lung tissue. Increasing BRP-39 protein level and intratracheal bleomycin medication to establish pulmonary fibrosis model can aggravate pulmonary fibrosis. Along with the increase in BRP-39 protein level, TGF-β1 expression level also increased in lung tissue. Western blot results showed the expression of BRP-39, and TGF-β1 had the same trend in different groups. BRP-39 has effects in bleomycin-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis. Change in BRP-39 can affect the process of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism of BRP-3 in pulmonary fibrosis may work by regulating TGF-β1.
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Fantino E, Gangell CL, Hartl D, Sly PD. Airway, but not serum or urinary, levels of YKL-40 reflect inflammation in early cystic fibrosis lung disease. BMC Pulm Med 2014; 14:28. [PMID: 24576297 PMCID: PMC3946043 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease begins in early life and is progressive with the major risk factor being an exaggerated inflammatory response. Currently, assessment of neutrophilic inflammation in early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease relies on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The chitinase-like protein YKL-40 is raised in sputum and serum of adults with CF. We investigated YKL-40 in BAL, serum and urine to determine whether this reflected inflammation and infection in young children with CF. METHODS YKL-40 was measured in matched samples of BAL, serum and urine obtained from 36 infants and young children with CF participating in an early surveillance program. Levels were compared to clinical data and markers of inflammation detected in the lung. RESULTS YKL-40 in BAL correlated with pulmonary infection [β=1.30 (SE 0.34), p < 0.001] and BAL markers of inflammation [macrophage number: r2 = 0.34, p < 0.001; neutrophil number: r2 = 0.74, p < 0.001; neutrophil elastase: r2 = 0.47, p < 0.001; CXCL8: r2 = 0.45, p < 0.001; IL-β: r2 = 0.62, p < 0.001]. YKL-40 was detectable in serum but levels did not correlate with BAL levels in the same individuals (r2 = 0.04, p = 0.14) or with inflammatory markers. YKL-40 was below the limit of detection in urine (30 pg/ml). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that levels of the chitinase-like protein YKL-40 reflect airway inflammation and infection in early CF lung disease. The lack of increased YKL-40 in serum in the absence of systemic inflammation limits the benefit of this potential biomarker in early disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter D Sly
- The Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Level 4, Foundation Building, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
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Holmgaard DB, Mygind LH, Titlestad IL, Madsen H, Pedersen SS, Johansen JS, Pedersen C. Plasma YKL-40 and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMC Pulm Med 2013; 13:77. [PMID: 24373580 PMCID: PMC3890498 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-13-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is hallmarked by inflammatory processes and a progressive decline of lung function. YKL-40 is a potential biomarker of inflammation and mortality in patients suffering from inflammatory lung disease, but its prognostic value in patients with COPD remains unknown. We investigated whether high plasma YKL-40 was associated with increased mortality in patients with moderate to very severe COPD. METHODS Four hundred and ninety-three patients with moderate to very severe COPD were followed prospectively for up to 10 years. Patients were divided into two groups according to plasma YKL-40: concentration higher than the 75th percentile for age-matched healthy subjects (i.e. high levels) and normal levels. Outcome was overall survival (OS) and was evaluated in uni- and multivariate proportional hazards Cox regression analyses and adjusted for factors affecting mortality. RESULTS Median plasma YKL-40 was increased in patients with COPD (81 ng/ml, p < 0.001) compared to healthy subjects (40 ng/ml). Patients with high plasma YKL-40 had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.42 (95% CI: 1.15-1.75, p = 0.001) for all-cause mortality. Multivariate analysis showed that YKL-40 (HR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.11-1.72, p = 0.004), age (HR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.06, p < 0.0001), Severe COPD (HR 1.35; 95 CI: 1.03-1.76, p = 0.03) very severe COPD (HR 2.19; 95% CI: 1.60 - 2.99 < 0.0001), neutrophil granulocyte count (HR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, p = 0.01), and a smoking history of > 40 years (HR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.11-1.71, p = 0.003) were independent prognostic markers of OS. CONCLUSION High plasmaYKL-40 is associated with increased mortality in patients with moderate to very severe COPD, suggesting a role for YKL-40 as a potential biomarker of mortality in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis B Holmgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases Q, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
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Zhang Z, Xu X, Ni H, Deng H. Red cell distribution width is associated with hospital mortality in unselected critically ill patients. J Thorac Dis 2013; 5:730-6. [PMID: 24409348 PMCID: PMC3886701 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.11.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a variability of red cell sizes and has been associated with outcomes in many clinical settings. Its prognostic value in intensive care unit (ICU) has been reported but requires confirmation. The study aimed to investigate the role of RDW in predicting hospital mortality in critically ill patients. METHODS This is a retrospective study conducted in a 24-bed ICU of a tertiary teaching hospital. Data on demographic characteristics and laboratory measurements were collected from medical information database. Baseline variables were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors. The primary endpoint was hospital mortality; and ICU length of stays (LOS) were compared between patients with RDW >14.8% and ≤14.8%. The predictive value of RDW was also measured using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Two-sided P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 1,539 patients were enrolled during study period, including 1,084 survivors and 455 nonsurvivors. In univariate analysis, variables such as age, sex, primary diagnosis, C-reactive protein (CRP), RDW and albumin were significantly associated with hospital mortality. RDW remained significantly associated with mortality after adjustment for sex, age, Charlson index albumin and CRP, with an odds ratio of 1.1 (95% CI: 1.03-1.16). Diagnostic performance of RDW in predicting mortality appeared to be suboptimal (AU-ROC: 0.62). Changes in RDW during a short follow up period were not associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS RDW measured on ICU entry is associated with hospital mortality. Patients with higher RDW will have longer LOS in ICU. Repeated measurements of RDW provide no additional prognostic value in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Ni
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, P.R. China
| | - Hongsheng Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, P.R. China
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