1
|
Green R, Wolf BJ, Chen A, Kirkland AE, Ferguson PL, Browning BD, Bryant BE, Tomko RL, Gray KM, Mewton L, Squeglia LM. Predictors of Substance Use Initiation by Early Adolescence. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:423-433. [PMID: 38706327 PMCID: PMC11411615 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Substance use initiation during early adolescence is associated with later development of substance use and mental health disorders. This study used various domains to predict substance use initiation, defined as trying any nonprescribed substance (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, cannabis), by age 12, using a large longitudinal data set. METHODS Substance-naive youths from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ages 9-10; N=6,829) were followed for 3 years. A total of 420 variables were examined as predictors of substance use initiation, using a penalized logistic regression with elastic net; domains spanned demographic characteristics, self and peer involvement with substance use, parenting behaviors, mental and physical health, culture and environment, hormones, neurocognitive functioning, and structural neuroimaging. RESULTS By age 12, 982 (14.4%) children reported substance initiation, with alcohol being the most common. Models with only self-report predictors had similar prediction performance to models adding hormones, neurocognitive factors, and neuroimaging predictors (AUCtest=0.66). Sociodemographic factors were the most robust predictors, followed by cultural and environmental factors, physical health factors, and parenting behaviors. The top predictor was a religious preference of Mormon (coefficient=-0.87), followed by a religious preference for Jewish (coefficient=0.32), and by Black youths (coefficient=-0.32). CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic variables were the most robust predictors of substance use initiation. Adding resource-intensive measures, including hormones, neurocognitive assessment, and structural neuroimaging, did not improve prediction of substance use initiation. The application of these large-scale findings in clinical settings could help to streamline and tailor prevention and early intervention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ReJoyce Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Bethany J Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Andrew Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Pamela L Ferguson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Brittney D Browning
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Brittany E Bryant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Rachel L Tomko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Kevin M Gray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Louise Mewton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jones TM, Augustyn M, Henry KL. Progression of Comorbid Depression and Substance Use among Racially Diverse Adults. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024; 45:287-302. [PMID: 38300438 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Comorbidity of depression and substance abuse is common and a major public health burden. Studies of this form of comorbidity in racial and ethnic minoritized (REM) populations are minimal and have mixed findings. The present study examined the effect of general risk factors (family bonding, supervision, involvement, peer delinquency), depression risk factors (caregiver depression), and substance use risk factors (adult family members, sibling, and peer substance use) in early adolescence (~ ages 13-14) on comorbid depression and substance use in later adolescence (~ ages 15-17) and adulthood (~ ages 29-31) and continuity in comorbidity from adolescence to adulthood. Longitudinal data on 1000 Black (n = 680) Hispanic (n = 170) and White (n = 150) individuals came from the Rochester Youth Development Study. Participants were interviewed 14 times over 17 years beginning in 1988. General risk factors predicted comorbidity across racial/ethnic groups. Substance specific risk predicted comorbidity among Black and Hispanic individuals whereas depression specific risk was predictive among White individuals. Adolescent comorbidity predicted comorbidity in adulthood across race. These findings highlight the importance of substance use intervention for racial and ethnic minoritized individuals and mental health risk factors in Whites. The continuity of comorbidity from adolescence to adulthood highlights the importance of targeting adolescents for intervention to prevent long-term manifestation of this form of comorbidity and its associated consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M Jones
- School of Social Work, Colorado State University, 450 W Pitkin St, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
| | - Megan Augustyn
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kimberly L Henry
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Zhao WQ, Zhao QR, Wang Y, Li SG. The impact of the peer effect on adolescent drinking behavior: instrumental-variable evidence from China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1306220. [PMID: 38193133 PMCID: PMC10772145 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1306220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Governments around the world have taken measures to limit adolescent drinking, however, rates are still alarmingly high. However, most of these measures ignore the peer effect of drinking among adolescents. Previous studies have not sufficiently considered the reciprocal relationship between adolescent alcohol consumption and peer alcohol consumption, which may lead to an overestimation of the peer effect and mask underlying issues. Good instrumental variables are powerful but rare tools to address these issues. Objective This paper aims to correctly estimate the peer effect of drinking on adolescent drinking behavior in China. Methods Owing to the detailed information of household background in the dataset of our survey, we were able to use the drinking behaviors of peers' fathers and their beliefs about the health risks of alcohol as instrumental variables, which are more powerful than school-average instrumental variables. We collected data from the 2017 Health and Nutrition Panel survey, which surveyed 10,772 primary school students from 59 urban migrant and 60 rural public schools. Results The instrumental variable method estimation revealed that peer drinking significantly influences adolescent drinking behavior, with adolescents who have peers who drink alcohol being 10.5% points (2 stage least square, i.e., 2SLS, full sample estimation) more likely to engage in drinking compared to those without such peers. Furthermore, the effect differs significantly between migrant and rural adolescents. Conclusion The study found that parental care plays a significant role in the degree of peer effect, with the absence of parental care being a key factor in the presence of the peer effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wen-Qing Zhao
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qi-Ran Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Guo Li
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ivaniushina V, Titkova V. Peer influence in adolescent drinking behavior: A meta-analysis of stochastic actor-based modeling studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250169. [PMID: 33861781 PMCID: PMC8051820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To measure the effects of peer influence and peer selection on drinking behavior in adolescence through a rigorous statistical approach designed to unravel these interrelated processes. Methods We conducted systematic searches of electronic databases, thesis collections and conference proceedings to identify studies that used longitudinal network design and stochastic actor-oriented modeling to analyze drinking behavior in adolescents. Parameter estimates collected from individual studies were analyzed using multilevel random-effects models. Results We identified 26 articles eligible for meta-analysis. Meta-analyses for different specifications of the peer influence effect were conducted separately. The peer influence effect was positive for every specification: for average similarity (avSim) mean log odds ratio was 1.27 with 95% confidence interval [0.04; 2.49]; for total similarity (totSim) 0.46 (95% CI = [0.44; 0.48]), and for average alter (avAlt) 0.70 (95% CI = [-0.01; 1.41]). The peer selection effect (simX) was also positive: 0.46 (95% CI = [0.28; 0.63]). Conversion log odds ratio values to Cohen’s d gives estimates from 0.25 to 0.70, which is considered as medium to large effect. Conclusions Advances in methodology for social network analysis have made it possible to accurately estimate peer influence effects free from peer selection effects. More research is necessary to clarify the roles of age, gender, and individual susceptibility on the changing behavior of adolescents under the influence of their peers. Understanding the effects of peer influence should inform practitioners and policy makers to design and deliver more effective prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ivaniushina
- Department of Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vera Titkova
- Department of Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang W, Du X, Guo Y, Li W, Zhang S, Zhang W, McIntyre RS, Tamura JK, Guo L, Lu C. Associations Among Screen Time, Sleep Duration and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Adolescents. J Affect Disord 2021; 284:69-74. [PMID: 33582434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Relatively few studies have explored the inter-relationship between screen time (ST), sleep duration and depressive symptoms. The study herein sought to determine (1) the relationships between ST, sleep duration and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents; (2) whether sleep duration mediates the relationships between ST and depressive symptoms. METHODS 1st grade students (n=1,976) from ten high schools in Guangzhou, China were invited through cluster sampling between January and April 2019. Self-reported ST with electronic devices and Internet, sleep duration, and The Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression (CES-D) score were collected. Generalized mixed linear models and mediation analyses were conducted. RESULTS There were 1,956 self-reported questionnaires received (response rate: 98.99%). Approximately 25% (471/1,929 for Internet use, 399/1,928 for electronic device) of the total sample reported ST >2 hours/day. Approximately 8.9% (169/1,894) reported a CES-D score >28. Longer ST with electronic devices (estimate=0.52, 95%CI: 0.24~0.80), Internet usage (estimate=0.82, 95%CI: 0.53~1.11) were positively associated with depressive symptoms, while less sleep (estimate=-1.85, 95%CI: -2.27~-1.43) was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. There is significant indirect effect of electronic device usage on depressive symptoms through sleep duration (indirect effect=0.08, 95%CI: 0.01~0.15). LIMITATIONS This study only included school students from Guangzhou. Causal relationship cannot be inferred by this cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS ST and sleep duration were significantly associated with depressive symptoms severity. The indirect effect of sleep duration suggests a possible mechanism of the association between ST and depressive symptoms. Future interventions to manage depressive symptoms should target sleep time and decrease ST among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanxin Wang
- Department of Medical statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Du
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yangfeng Guo
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Medical statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Medical statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jocelyn K Tamura
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Papachristou E, Flouri E. Distinct developmental trajectories of internalising and externalising symptoms in childhood: Links with mental health and risky behaviours in early adolescence. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:1052-1060. [PMID: 32768877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High or increasing trajectories of internalising and externalising symptoms in childhood are mutually re-enforcing and associated with poor emotional and behavioural outcomes in adolescence. This study sought to identify classes of children with similar trajectories of internalising and externalising symptoms after adjusting one domain's symptoms for the other's at the classification stage, and to relate them to emotional and behavioural outcomes in mid-adolescence. METHODS We used growth mixture modelling to classify 16,844 members of the Millennium Cohort Study (baseline N=19,244) into distinct classes based on their trajectories, across ages 3,5,7 and 11 years, of internalising and externalising symptoms adjusted for one another. We examined the predictive ability of these classes for depression, self-harm, trouble with police and drug use among 11,134 children with available data at age 14. RESULTS We identified four classes of children following distinct trajectories of 'pure' internalising and externalising symptoms. After adjustments for confounding, those with increasing or initially high yet decreasing levels of internalising symptomatology, and those with persistently high or increasing levels of externalising problems were at increased risk of depression in early adolescence. Having initially low yet increasing levels of internalising symptomatology was additionally associated with an increased risk of self-harm and drug use in early adolescence. LIMITATIONS We cannot ascertain whether our longitudinal typology of internalising and externalising symptoms holds for outcomes later in adolescence or adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Interventions aiming to prevent depression, drug use or self-harm in mid-adolescence may be more successful if they target children showing increasing internalising symptoms in the primary school years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Papachristou
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK.
| | - Eirini Flouri
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Homel J, Thompson K, Leadbeater B. Changes in positive and negative peer influences and depressive symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood. J Adolesc 2020; 84:113-122. [PMID: 32911178 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peers are believed to continue as prominent sources of influence for young adults. However, having peers who use alcohol and drugs is associated with depressive symptoms in young adults and research on the effects of having peers who model positive activities beyond adolescence is scarce. METHOD In this 10-year study of 644 Canadian youth (52% female), we used multilevel modeling to examine the effects of within-person and between-person differences in the interplay of peer behaviours and changes in depressive symptoms between ages 14 and 25. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews and surveys for private topics. RESULTS Youth with close friends who used drugs and alcohol consistently reported more depressive symptoms at each age, whereas having friends who engaged in positive activities was associated with fewer depressive symptoms, especially during adolescence. Moreover, at times when youth had more substance-using peers than usual (within person variation), they also reported more symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Substance-using peer contexts convey both short- and long-term risks for depressive symptoms. However, the protective effects of having peers who are engaged in positive activities, while generally protective, may be reduced in young adulthood. It is possible that older youth withdraw from peers and activities as their depression worsens, and prosocial activities become less supervised by parents, more optional, and more expensive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Homel
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, 4122, Australia.
| | - Kara Thompson
- Department of Psychology, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Bonnie Leadbeater
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3050 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3P5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Adolescent Depression and Substance Use: the Protective Role of Prosocial Peer Behavior. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 47:1065-1074. [PMID: 30547314 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents with depression disorders have higher rates of substance use. In order to advance contextually relevant mental health interventions, basic research is needed to test social ecological mechanisms hypothesized to influence adolescent depression and substance use. Accordingly, we conducted growth curve modeling with a sample of 248 urban adolescents to determine if depression's effect on substance use was dependent upon peer network health (sum of peer risk and protective behaviors) and activity space risk (likelihood of high-risk behaviors at routine locations). Results showed that peer network health moderated the effects of depression on substance use, but this effect was not altered by activity space risk. These findings suggest the importance of peer network health relative to depression and substance use, particularly for young adolescents.
Collapse
|
9
|
Siennick SE, Widdowson AO, Feinberg ME. Youth with Co-occurring Delinquency and Depressive Symptoms: Do They Have Better or Worse Delinquent Outcomes? J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:1260-1276. [PMID: 32108301 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Delinquent youth often experience depression, but depression's impact on their future deviance is unclear. Using survey and social network data on a panel of 9th graders (N = 8701; Mage at baseline = 15.6; 48% male; 85% white; 18% eligible for free or reduced-price school lunch) followed throughout high school, this study tested whether depressive symptoms predicted later deviance or deviant peer affiliations among already delinquent youth. A latent class analysis revealed that 4% of respondents showed above-average levels of delinquency but not depressive symptoms, and 3% were above average on both. Compared to the delinquent-only group, the delinquent-depressed group went on to have less deviant friends, and to engage in less deviance themselves. However, peer deviance was not a reliable explanation for the reductions in respondents' own future deviance. Depressive symptoms thus may play a protective role against continued delinquency and substance use among youth who are already delinquent, but it is not because they reduce deviant peer affiliations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja E Siennick
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Alex O Widdowson
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Louisville, 2301 South Third Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Mark E Feinberg
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, 308 Biobehavioral Health, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Weymouth BB, Fosco GM, Mak HW, Mayfield K, LoBraico EJ, Feinberg ME. Implications of interparental conflict for adolescents' peer relationships: A longitudinal pathway through threat appraisals and social anxiety symptoms. Dev Psychol 2019; 55:1509-1522. [PMID: 31070436 PMCID: PMC6586495 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to broaden the developmental understanding of the implications of interparental conflict (IPC) and threat appraisals of conflict for adolescents' relationships with peers. Guided by the cognitive contextual framework and evolutionary perspectives, we evaluated a developmental model in which adolescents who are exposed to IPC perceive these conflicts as threatening to their well-being or that of their family. In turn, threat appraisals of IPC increase risk that adolescents experience worries and fears about the peer context (i.e., social anxiety), leading to decreased support from friends and increased feelings of loneliness and engagement with antisocial peers. Autoregressive analyses were conducted with a sample of 768 two-parent families across four measurement occasions. Exposure to IPC was related to increases in youths' perceived threat, which increased their risk for social anxiety symptoms. Consistent with our hypothesis, heightened social anxiety symptoms undermined youths' subsequent functioning in the peer context. Specifically, youth with greater adolescent social anxiety symptoms experienced increased feelings of loneliness and decreased perceptions of friendship support. Significant indirect effects were substantiated for adolescent loneliness and friendship support. Findings did not vary as a function of adolescent gender. The findings highlight the enduring implications of IPC and threat appraisals of IPC for youths' functioning, which can be expanded beyond broad measures of youth psychopathology, and the critical role of social anxiety symptoms as an explanatory mechanism in this process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
|
11
|
Haas M, Hiemisch A, Vogel M, Wagner O, Kiess W, Poulain T. Sensation seeking in 3- to 6-year-old children: associations with socio-demographic parameters and behavioural difficulties. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:77. [PMID: 30857528 PMCID: PMC6410503 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigates whether sensation seeking in pre-school-age children is associated with age, gender and socio-economic status, and how sensation seeking relates to behavioural difficulties. METHODS The study sample consisted of 423 three- to six-year-old children whose parents had completed questionnaires on the children's sensation seeking (Sensation Seeking Scale for Young Children), socio-economic status, and behavioural difficulties (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Multiple linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between sensation seeking and age, gender, socio-economic status and behavioural difficulties. RESULTS Sensation seeking was significantly higher in male vs. female children but not associated with children's socio-economic status. Furthermore, sensation seeking was positively correlated with conduct problems, but negatively with emotional symptoms and peer-relationship problems. CONCLUSION These results replicate findings in adults and strengthen the assumption that sensation seeking is a personality trait that is already observable in early childhood. Furthermore, our results suggest relationships between higher levels of sensation seeking and externalising behaviour as well as relationships between lower levels of sensation seeking and internalising behaviour. TRIAL REGISTRATION LIFE Child study: ClinicalTrials.gov, clinical trial number NCT02550236 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Haas
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hiemisch
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Vogel
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oleg Wagner
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. .,Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Weymouth BB, Fosco GM, Feinberg ME. Nurturant-involved parenting and adolescent substance use: Examining an internalizing pathway through adolescent social anxiety symptoms and substance refusal efficacy. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:247-260. [PMID: 29212564 PMCID: PMC5991983 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Research has clearly established the important role of parents in preventing substance use among early adolescents. Much of this work has focused on deviance (e.g., antisocial behavior, delinquency, and oppositional behavior) as a central pathway linking parenting behaviors and early adolescent substance use. This study proposed an alternative pathway; using a four-wave longitudinal design, we examined whether nurturant-involved parenting (Fall sixth grade) was inversely associated with adolescent drunkenness, marijuana use, and cigarette use (eighth grade) through social anxiety symptoms (Spring sixth grade) and subsequent decreases in substance refusal efficacy (seventh grade). Nurturant-involved parenting is characterized by warmth, supportiveness, low hostility, and low rejection. Analyses were conducted with a sample of 687 two-parent families. Results indicated that adolescents who were in families where fathers exhibited lower levels of nurturant-involved parenting experienced subsequent increases in social anxiety symptoms and decreased efficacy to refuse substances, which in turn was related to more frequent drunkenness, cigarette use, and marijuana use. Indirect effects are discussed. Findings were not substantiated for mothers' parenting. Adolescent gender did not moderate associations. The results highlight an additional pathway through which parenting influences youth substance use and links social anxiety symptoms to reduced substance refusal efficacy.
Collapse
|
13
|
Depressive Symptomology as a Moderator of Friend Selection and Influence on Substance Use Involvement: Estimates from Grades 6 to 12 in Six Longitudinal School-Based Social Networks. J Youth Adolesc 2018; 47:2337-2352. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-018-0915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
14
|
Liu J, Zhao S, Chen X, Falk E, Albarracín D. The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation. Psychol Bull 2017; 143:1082-1115. [PMID: 28771020 PMCID: PMC5789806 DOI: 10.1037/bul0000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although the influence of peers on adolescent smoking should vary depending on social dynamics, there is a lack of understanding of which elements are most crucial and how this dynamic unfolds for smoking initiation and continuation across areas of the world. The present meta-analysis included 75 studies yielding 237 effect sizes that examined associations between peers' smoking and adolescents' smoking initiation and continuation with longitudinal designs across 16 countries. Mixed-effects models with robust variance estimates were used to calculate weighted-mean Odds ratios. This work showed that having peers who smoke is associated with about twice the odds of adolescents beginning (OR ¯ = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.76, 2.19]) and continuing to smoke (OR ¯ = 1.78, 95% CI [1.55, 2.05]). Moderator analyses revealed that (a) smoking initiation was more positively correlated with peers' smoking when the interpersonal closeness between adolescents and their peers was higher (vs. lower); and (b) both smoking initiation and continuation were more positively correlated with peers' smoking when samples were from collectivistic (vs. individualistic) cultures. Thus, both individual as well as population level dynamics play a critical role in the strength of peer influence. Accounting for cultural variables may be especially important given effects on both initiation and continuation. Implications for theory, research, and antismoking intervention strategies are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Liu
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Siman Zhao
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Emily Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Siennick SE, Widdowson AO, Woessner MK, Feinberg ME, Spoth RL. Risk Factors for Substance Misuse and Adolescents' Symptoms of Depression. J Adolesc Health 2017; 60:50-56. [PMID: 27751712 PMCID: PMC5182119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depressive symptoms during adolescence are positively associated with peer-related beliefs, perceptions, and experiences that are known risk factors for substance misuse. These same risk factors are targeted by many universal substance misuse prevention programs. This study examined whether a multicomponent universal substance misuse intervention for middle schoolers reduced the associations between depressive symptoms, these risk factors, and substance misuse. METHODS The study used data from a place-randomized trial of the Promoting School-Community-University Partnerships to Enhance Resilience model for delivery of evidence-based substance misuse programs for middle schoolers. Three-level within-person regression models were applied to four waves of survey, and social network data from 636 adolescents followed from sixth through ninth grades. RESULTS When adolescents in control school districts had more symptoms of depression, they believed more strongly that substance use had social benefits, perceived higher levels of substance misuse among their peers and friends, and had more friends who misused substances, although they were not more likely to use substances themselves. Many of the positive associations of depressive symptoms with peer-related risk factors were significantly weaker or not present among adolescents in intervention school districts. CONCLUSIONS The Promoting School-Community-University Partnerships to Enhance Resilience interventions reduced the positive associations of adolescent symptoms of depression with peer-related risk factors for substance misuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja E. Siennick
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306,Corresponding author: Sonja E. Siennick, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306 USA, Phone (850) 645-9265, Fax (850) 644-9614,
| | - Alex O. Widdowson
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306
| | - Mathew K. Woessner
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306
| | - Mark E. Feinberg
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, 314 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16801
| | - Richard L. Spoth
- Partnerships in Prevention Science Institute, Iowa State University, 2625 North Loop Drive, Suite 2400, Ames, IA 50010
| |
Collapse
|