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Stevely AK, Gray LA, Fairbrother H, Fenton L, Henney M, Kersbergen I, Holmes J. A latent class analysis of international change and continuity in adolescent health and wellbeing: A repeat cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305124. [PMID: 38861509 PMCID: PMC11166295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the early 2000s, there have been marked trends in adolescent health and wellbeing indicators across Europe, North America and Australia. In particular, there have been substantial declines in youth drinking. We know little about how these trends are underpinned by co-occurring indicators within individuals. This paper aims to analyse change over time in how indicators cluster within individuals and differences in these patterns between five countries with different trends in youth drinking. METHODS We analysed four waves of repeat cross-sectional survey data from 15-year-olds in England (n = 5942), Italy (n = 5234), the Netherlands (n = 5408), Hungary (n = 5274), and Finland (n = 7446), which were included in the Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC) study between 2001/02 and 2013/14. We defined clusters of individuals using multigroup latent class analyses which accounts for change over time. The class indicators included health behaviours, attitudes, wellbeing and relationships. We modelled associations between class membership, sex, and family affluence over time. RESULTS We identified four classes in all countries: Overall unhealthy, Overall healthy, Moderately healthy and Substance abstainers with behaviour risk indicators. The proportion of adolescents in the Overall unhealthy class declined between 2001/02 and 2013/14 by between 22.8 percentage points (pp) in England and 3.2pp in Italy. The extent to which indicators of health and wellbeing changed as linked clusters differed across countries, but changes in alcohol consumption, smoking, drug use and sexual activity were typically concurrent. Adolescents with low family affluence were more likely to be in the Overall unhealthy class in all years. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in indicators of adolescent health and well-being are due mainly to concurrent declines in drinking, smoking, sexual activity, and cannabis use, but these declines are not consistently associated with improvements in other domains. They have also not led to reductions in inequalities in indicators of health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail K. Stevely
- Sheffield Addictions Research Group (SARG), Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laura A. Gray
- Health Economics and Decision Science, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Laura Fenton
- Sheffield Addictions Research Group (SARG), Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Madeleine Henney
- Sheffield Addictions Research Group (SARG), Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Inge Kersbergen
- Sheffield Addictions Research Group (SARG), Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John Holmes
- Sheffield Addictions Research Group (SARG), Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Lahti H, Kokkonen M, Hietajärvi L, Lyyra N, Paakkari L. Social media threats and health among adolescents: evidence from the health behaviour in school-aged children study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:62. [PMID: 38812043 PMCID: PMC11138097 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media are immensely popular among adolescents. Thus, concerns have been raised about the threats adolescents encounter on social media and the possible negative health consequences, such as depressive symptoms and anxiety. This study investigated the prevalence of nine social media threats: (1) cyberbullying, (2) sexual harassment, (3) racism, (4) unauthorized distribution of sensitive material, (5) phishing attempts, (6) misinformation, (7) the sale or distribution of drugs, (8) harmful or dangerous social media challenges, (9) content causing appearance pressures. The study also investigated how individual and social factors, problematic social media use (PSMU), and online communication with strangers are associated with social media threat exposure, as well as the association between social media threats and self-rated health, depressive feelings, and anxiety symptoms. METHODS AND FINDINGS Nationally representative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) data from Finland were obtained from 2288 respondents aged 11, 13, and 15 years. Fixed effects regression models were applied. The most common threat, encountered daily and weekly, was misinformation. Regression models showed that individual and social factors, PSMU, and online communication with strangers explained adolescent exposure to social media threats in differing ways. Furthermore, certain factors (e.g., emotional intelligence, family support) were associated with encountering social media threats less frequently, whereas other factors (e.g., PSMU, online communication with strangers) were associated with more frequent encounters. Daily and weekly exposure to social media threats was systematically associated with poor self-rated health, frequent depressive feelings, and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the need for intervention and health promotion efforts to mitigate adolescent exposure to social media threats and ensuing negative health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Lahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Marja Kokkonen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lauri Hietajärvi
- Department of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nelli Lyyra
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Leena Paakkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Stafström M, Raninen J. Trends in alcohol-related harm among Swedish youth: Do in-patient care registry data match drinking trends? Drug Alcohol Rev 2024; 43:625-632. [PMID: 38018667 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Youth drinking has been declining in Sweden since the year 2000. There is a paucity of studies examining trends in alcohol-related harm during this period. The overall aim of the present study is to examine how trends in alcohol-related harm match trends in drinking among Swedish youths during 2000-2021. METHODS Measures of alcohol use were obtained from national school surveys. Prevalence rates of any alcohol use and heavy episodic drinking were used. Alcohol-related harm indicators were obtained from registry information from the National Board of Health and Welfare. Annual trends in harm indicators were tested with linear regression models and correlations between alcohol use and alcohol-related harm indicators were assessed using Pearson's correlation on annual data. RESULTS Statistically significant negative trends were observed for all alcohol-related harm indicators for the period 2000-2021. Significant correlations were found for both measures of alcohol use and all alcohol-related harm indicators. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The levels of alcohol-related harm have declined among youths in Sweden during the period 2000-2021. The trends in harm seem to reflect the decline in youth drinking that has occurred during the same period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stafström
- Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Raninen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Chu M, Lee CY, Li X, Zhao Z, Gao M, Chiang YC. Association of Friendly School and Family Contexts and Reducing Health Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents: A Cross-National Study in Europe, North America, and China. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:57-68. [PMID: 36967472 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social factors play an important role in adolescents' behaviors. This study aims to understand percentages of health risk behaviors across country in Europe, North America, and China; explore the associations between friendly school and family contexts and involvement for several health risk behaviors among adolescents. METHODS Data derived from health behavior in school-aged children cross-sectional surveys and China Education Panel Survey in 2014-2015. Hierarchical generalized linear modeling was used to analyze data. RESULTS The highest percentages of health risk behaviors including unhealthy diet, smoking or alcohol, screen-based sedentary behaviors, and violent behaviors across country ranged from 28.62% to 65.24%. National classmate friendliness was negatively associated with 5 out of 9 health risk behaviors prevalence rates in 41 countries (p < 0.05). Adolescents' perceived peer friendly and helpful were common protective factor for engaging in several health risk behaviors (p < 0.01). Individual family contexts were associated with 3 types of health risk behaviors involvement (p < 0.001). SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY IMPLICATIONS Health risk behaviors among adolescents reducing was associated with the implementation of friendly school and family contexts, emphasizing the significance of the goals of embedding friendly adolescents, along with the home-school collaboration. CONCLUSIONS Public health strategies should promote national climate of friendship and individual perceived friendly school contexts to reduce health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Yang Lee
- School of International Business, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi-Chen Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Stevely AK, Gray LA, Fairbrother H, Fenton L, Henney M, Holmes J. A latent class analysis of change and continuity in adolescent health and wellbeing in England during the decline in youth alcohol consumption: A repeat cross-sectional study. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102481. [PMID: 37881177 PMCID: PMC10594568 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In England, the proportion of 13-15 year-olds who have ever drunk alcohol fell from 71% in 1999 to 35% in 2019. Despite substantial research literature studying this decline, we know little about connections with concurrent shifts in wider aspects of health and wellbeing. This paper aims to identify how indicators of health and wellbeing cluster within 15-year-olds in England, identify changes in clustering over time, and explore associations with sex and family affluence. We used latent class analysis of cross-sectional data from the Health Behaviours in School-aged Children study (n = 5,942; four waves 2001/02-2013/14). Classes were defined by indicators of substance use, sexual activity, diet, exercise, school-related measures, e-media use, parental relationships, and wellbeing. We identified three classes, which we labelled Overall unhealthy, Substance abstainers with behavioural risk indicators, and Overall healthy. The probability of being in the Overall unhealthy class fell (2001/02: 0.39; 2013/14: 0.18) while the probability of being in the Overall healthy class increased (0.21 to 0.41). The probability of weekly alcohol use fell in all classes (e.g. Overall unhealthy: 0.71 to 0.28). Females (female vs male OR: 1.74 95%CI: 1.30 - 2.34) and those with low family affluence (high vs low family affluence OR: 0.18 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.44) had significantly higher odds of being in the Overall unhealthy class. Overall, adolescents became more likely to have co-occurring indicators of good health and wellbeing, including reduced alcohol consumption, sexual activity and cigarette smoking. However, girls and those from poorer families remained more likely to have poor health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Kate Stevely
- Sheffield Alcohol Research Group, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura A Gray
- Health Economics and Decision Science, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, UK
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Laura Fenton
- Sheffield Alcohol Research Group, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Madeleine Henney
- Sheffield Alcohol Research Group, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - John Holmes
- Sheffield Alcohol Research Group, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, UK
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, UK
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Raninen J, Gripe I, Zetterqvist M, Ramstedt M. Trends in Tobacco Use among 9th Graders in Sweden, 1991-2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5262. [PMID: 37047878 PMCID: PMC10093943 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use was measured with self-reports of lifetime use of cigarettes and snus to examine trends in tobacco use among Swedish 9th graders over the period 1991-2020. Annual school surveys with nationally representative samples of 9th-grade students in Sweden covering the period 1991-2020 with a total sample of 163,617 students. We distinguished between the use of cigarettes only, use of snus only, dual use (use of both cigarettes and snus), and total tobacco use (use of any of these tobacco products). In addition to a graphical description of trends in the various measures of tobacco use, the correlation between these trends was calculated with the Pearson correlation coefficient (Rxy). The prevalence of total tobacco use declined from 72% in 1991 to 36% in 2020. The declining trend in total tobacco use was positively correlated with the trend in dual use (Rxy = 0.98) and the trend in cigarette use only (Rxy = 0.87). The trend in total tobacco use was, on the other hand, negatively correlated with snus use only (Rxy = -0.41), and snus use only was negatively correlated with cigarette use only (Rxy = -0.71). The situation became different after 2017 when total tobacco use increased as a result of an increasing prevalence of snus use. The sharp decline in tobacco use among 9th graders in Sweden over the past three decades is driven by declining cigarette use. The correlations between the various forms of tobacco use suggest that snus use may have contributed to the decline in cigarette use and, by that, overall tobacco use. The situation changed after 2017 when a sharp rise in snus use seems to have increased total tobacco use among adolescents in Sweden. A possible explanation behind this development is the introduction of a new form of snus called "All white snus", which was introduced in Sweden in 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Raninen
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), 116 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.); (I.G.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Isabella Gripe
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), 116 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.); (I.G.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Zetterqvist
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), 116 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.); (I.G.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mats Ramstedt
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), 116 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.); (I.G.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Latvala T, Lintonen T, Raisamo S. Gambling Among Underage Alcohol Users Between 2008 and 2019: A National Cross-Sectional Study Among Finnish Adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:796-802. [PMID: 36658010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to examine trends in the relationship between gambling, alcohol use, and drunkenness between genders in Finland from 2008 through 2019. METHODS Data were based on six waves (2008-2009, 2010-2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019) of a national cross-sectional School Health Promotion Study. The survey was conducted during a school day among eighth graders (14-15 years old) and ninth graders (15-16 years old) in Finland. The changes in gambling frequency among boys and girls were studied (regular gambling: at least once a week; occasional gambling: 2-3 times a month to less than once a month; no gambling during the previous year), alcohol use (at least once a month), and drunkenness (at least once a month). RESULTS The prevalence of adolescent gambling was more than halved between 2008 and 2019. However, the difference between the adolescents with the most favorable outcome (those who were not gambling and used alcohol or were getting drunk less often than once a month) and the adolescents with the least favorable outcome (boys who gambled, used alcohol, or were getting drunk; girls who were gambling regularly and getting drunk or gambling occasionally, using alcohol, and getting drunk) was larger in 2019 than in 2008. DISCUSSION These larger differences between adolescents indicate that there has been a polarization of problems between adolescents, and for some individuals, problems are clustering. There is a strong case to be made for protecting adolescents from these risk behaviors and their adverse consequences on multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Latvala
- Health and Wellbeing Promotion Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tomi Lintonen
- The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Raisamo
- Health and Wellbeing Promotion Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Ranganath P, Hjetland GJ, Finserås TR, Brunborg GS, Hesse M, Skogen JC. Negative experiences, social exclusion and unwanted attention on social media: exploring the association with adolescent alcohol use. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2361. [PMID: 36527010 PMCID: PMC9756586 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents' presence on Social Media (SoMe) facilitates peer connections making them susceptible to peer-influences and approval. Negative experiences on SoMe can affect adolescent stress and wellbeing, impelling their use of alcohol. This paper provides a novel understanding of the relationship between negative experiences on SoMe and key indicators of alcohol use in adolescents. METHODS Data was collected from upper secondary school students (n = 3528, ages 16-19, 45% boys) in Bergen (Norway) using a web-based questionnaire during school-hours in 2020 and 2021. Dependent variables were alcohol consumption, binge drinking and scoring ≥ 2 points on the CRAFFT instrument screening for substance use problems in adolescents. Independent variables were two scales indicating "negative acts and exclusion" and "unwanted attention from others". Covariates included age, gender, country of birth and subjective socioeconomic status. Results are presented as relative risk ratios (RRR), odds ratios (OR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Using multinomial logistic regression models, "negative acts and exclusion" and "unwanted attention" were positively associated with trying alcohol (OR: 1.50 (95% CI 1.28-1.76) and 1.86 (95% CI 1.66-2.09) respectively, both p ≤ 0.001), with frequency and amount of alcohol consumed. Findings from logistic regression models indicated that "negative acts and exclusion" and "unwanted attention" were positively associated with i. CRAFFT-caseness (OR: 2.13 and 1.86) and ii. frequent binge drinking (OR: 1.55 and 1.89). CONCLUSION Both exclusion and unwanted attention on SoMe were associated with indicators of problematic drinking, including frequency, quantity, and consequences related to alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Ranganath
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gunnhild Johnsen Hjetland
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway ,grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Turi Reiten Finserås
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Scott Brunborg
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten Hesse
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway ,grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway ,grid.412835.90000 0004 0627 2891Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
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Pellegrino A, Stasi A, Bhatiasevi V. Research trends in social media addiction and problematic social media use: A bibliometric analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1017506. [PMID: 36458122 PMCID: PMC9707397 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1017506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their increasing ubiquity in people's lives and incredible advantages in instantly interacting with others, social media's impact on subjective well-being is a source of concern worldwide and calls for up-to-date investigations of the role social media plays in mental health. Much research has discovered how habitual social media use may lead to addiction and negatively affect adolescents' school performance, social behavior, and interpersonal relationships. The present study was conducted to review the extant literature in the domain of social media and analyze global research productivity during 2013-2022. Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 501 articles that were extracted from the Scopus database using the keywords social media addiction and problematic social media use. The data were then uploaded to VOSviewer software to analyze citations, co-citations, and keyword co-occurrences. Volume, growth trajectory, geographic distribution of the literature, influential authors, intellectual structure of the literature, and the most prolific publishing sources were analyzed. The bibliometric analysis presented in this paper shows that the US, the UK, and Turkey accounted for 47% of the publications in this field. Most of the studies used quantitative methods in analyzing data and therefore aimed at testing relationships between variables. In addition, the findings in this study show that most analysis were cross-sectional. Studies were performed on undergraduate students between the ages of 19-25 on the use of two social media platforms: Facebook and Instagram. Limitations as well as research directions for future studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Stasi
- Business Administration Division, Mahidol University International College, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Veera Bhatiasevi
- Business Administration Division, Mahidol University International College, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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17 Is the New 15: Changing Alcohol Consumption among Swedish Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031645. [PMID: 35162666 PMCID: PMC8835253 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To examine and compare trends in drinking prevalence in nationally representative samples of Swedish 9th and 11th grade students between 2000 and 2018. A further aim is to compare drinking behaviours in the two age groups during years with similar drinking prevalence. Data were drawn from annual surveys of a nationally representative sample of students in year 9 (15-16 years old) and year 11 (17-18 years old). The data covered 19 years for year 9 and 16 years for year 11. Two reference years where the prevalence of drinking was similar were extracted for further comparison, 2018 for year 11 (n = 4878) and 2005 for year 9 (n = 5423). The reference years were compared with regard to the volume of drinking, heavy episodic drinking, having had an accident and quarrelling while drunk. The prevalence of drinking declined in both age groups during the study period. The rate of decline was somewhat higher among year 9 students. In 2018, the prevalence of drinking was the same for year 11 students as it was for year 9 students in 2005. The volume of drinking was lower among year 11 students in 2018 than year 9 students in 2005. No differences were observed for heavy episodic drinking. The decline in drinking has caused a displacement of consumption so that today's 17-18-year-olds have a similar drinking behaviour to what 15-16-year-olds had in 2005.
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Vashishtha R, Pennay A, Dietze PM, Livingston M. The Role of Parental Control and Support in Declining Adolescent Drinking: A Multi-Level Study Across 30 European Countries. Alcohol Alcohol 2022; 57:470-476. [PMID: 35015803 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent drinking has declined in many high-income countries since the early 2000s. It has been suggested that changing parenting practices may have contributed to the decline. However, previous studies investigating parenting have focused on single countries and have provided conflicting evidence. This study tested the association between changes in individual- and population-level parental control and parental support and changes in past month adolescent drinking. METHODS A total of 271,823 adolescents aged 15-16 years, from 30 European countries between 2003 and 2015 were included in this study. Our key independent variables were adolescent reports of parental control and parental support. Our outcome measure was a dichotomous measure of any alcohol use in the 30 days before the survey, referred as past month drinking. Aggregated measures of parenting variables were used to estimate between-country and within-country effects of parenting on adolescent drinking. Data were analysed using three-level hierarchical linear probability methods. RESULTS At the individual-level, we found a negative association between the two parental measures, i.e. parental control (β = -0.003 and 95% CI = -0.021 to 0.017) and parental support (β = -0.008 and 95% CI = -0.010 to 0.006) and past month drinking. This suggests adolescents whose parents exert higher control and provide more support tend to drink less. At a population level, we did not find any evidence of association on between-country and within-country parenting changes and past month drinking. CONCLUSIONS It is unlikely that changes in parental control or support at the population-level have contributed to the decline in drinking among adolescents in 30 European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Vashishtha
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3083, Australia.,Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Amy Pennay
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3083, Australia
| | - Paul M Dietze
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne 3004, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia.,Behaviours and Health Risks Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Michael Livingston
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3083, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne 3004, Australia.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
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Raninen J, Livingston M, Holmes J, Svensson J, Larm P. Declining youth drinking: A matter of faith? Drug Alcohol Rev 2021; 41:721-723. [PMID: 34856025 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Youth drinking has declined in many high-income countries for two decades. This development is still largely unexplained. Developing evidence and extending our understanding as to the mechanisms behind these changes is imperative for advising governments and policy makers on how to support and maintain the trends. Given the international scope of the trends, comparative studies have been suggested for improving our understanding of the development. In this commentary, we explore the patterns observed across several waves of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs between 1999 and 2019, and how these match-up with the World Values Survey. We found that the declines in youth drinking are limited to a smaller number of countries and that in Europe these are all found in two groups from the World Values Survey, protestant Europe and English-speaking countries. If the declines in youth drinking are systematic and limited to a smaller number of countries, this challenges some of the hypothesised drivers of this development, but can also help guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Raninen
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Work, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.,Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Livingston
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Holmes
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Johan Svensson
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Larm
- Department of Public Health, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Vasiljevic Z, Svensson R, Shannon D. Trends in alcohol intoxication among native and immigrant youth in Sweden, 1999-2017: A comparison across family structure and parental employment status. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2021; 98:103397. [PMID: 34329951 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing a better understanding of drinking patterns across immigrant generations and how these change over time is important for the development of effective alcohol polices. This study investigates the direction and rate of change in youth alcohol intoxication over time, based on immigrant status, and by family structure and parental employment status. METHOD The study is based on eight nationally representative school surveys conducted by the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention between 1999 and 2017, with a combined sample of 50,657 adolescents. Group by time interactions were examined to compare rates of change of alcohol intoxication over time across immigrant generations. RESULTS The results show a decreasing trend in alcohol intoxication among both first and second generation immigrant youth, and also among immigrant youth across different family structures and parental employment statuses. The results also show that the decrease in alcohol intoxication over time is greater for youths born abroad and for youths with two immigrant parents than for native Swedes, and that the decrease over time is greater for youths from intact families than for native Swedish youths from non-intact families and youths with one immigrant parent. CONCLUSION Native and first- and second-generation immigrant youth may differ substantially from one another in many ways, and may therefore manifest different patterns of drinking behaviours. From a policy and prevention perspective, the data in this study imply that native youths and youths with one immigrant parent should be a central target group for alcohol prevention policy in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Vasiljevic
- Department of Criminology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Robert Svensson
- Department of Criminology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - David Shannon
- Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Luo X, Zhou Y, Zheng R, Li X, Dai Y, Narayan A, Huang X, Tian X, Jin X, Mei L, Xie X, Gu H, Hou F, Liu L, Luo X, Meng H, Zhang J, Song R. Association of health-risk behaviors and depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms: a school-based sample of Chinese adolescents. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 42:e189-e198. [PMID: 31641762 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms of adolescents not only affect youth but also have wide-ranging impacts on the health of adults. The study was carried out to determine the epidemiological characteristics of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms and the associations between the two and health-risk behaviors in Chinese adolescents. Methods Participants were recruited from the junior and senior high schools in China. Data were collected by self-designed questionnaires. The questionnaires included questions about demographic characteristics, depressive symptom scales, anxiety symptom scales and nine categories of health-risk behaviors. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression were performed by SPSS 21.0 software. Results There were 4.4% of the participants with depressive symptoms. Approximately 32.0% of the participants had anxiety symptoms. Girls and general senior school students were risk factors for depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Multiple health-risk behaviors were associated with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in Chinese adolescents. Conclusion Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were prevalent in Chinese adolescents. Their distribution was affected by certain health-risk behaviors. Multiple health-risk behaviors were associated with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Luo
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruimin Zheng
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Dai
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Anuradha Narayan
- Health, Nutrition & WASH Section of UNICEF China Office, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Health, Nutrition & WASH Section of UNICEF China Office, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- Health, Nutrition & WASH Section of UNICEF China Office, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Jin
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Mei
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaiting Gu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Hou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingfei Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu Luo
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Meng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, NC, USA
| | - Ranran Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Rivera-Rodriguez C, Clark TC, Fleming T, Archer D, Crengle S, Peiris-John R, Lewycka S. National estimates from the Youth '19 Rangatahi smart survey: A survey calibration approach. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251177. [PMID: 33989300 PMCID: PMC8121344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant progress has been made addressing adolescent health needs in New Zealand, but some areas, such as mental health issues remain, particularly for rangatahi Māori (indigenous Māori young people). Little is known about how contemporary Māori whānau (families) and communities influence health outcomes, health literacy and access to services. Previous nationally representative secondary school surveys were conducted in New Zealand in 2001, 2007 and 2012, as part of the Youth2000 survey series. This paper focuses on a fourth survey conducted in 2019 (https://www.youth19.ac.nz/). In 2019, the survey also included kura kaupapa Māori schools (Māori language immersion schools), and questions exploring the role of family connections in health and wellbeing. This paper presents the overall study methodology, and a weighting and calibration framework in order to provide estimates that reflect the national student population, and enable comparisons with the previous surveys to monitor trends. METHODS Youth19 was a cross sectional, self-administered health and wellbeing survey of New Zealand high school students. The target population was the adolescent population of New Zealand (school years 9-13). The study population was drawn from three education regions: Auckland, Tai Tokerau (Northland) and Waikato. These are the most ethnically diverse regions in New Zealand. The sampling design was two-stage clustered stratified, where schools were the clusters, and strata were defined by kura schools and educational regions. There were four strata, formed as follows: kura schools (Tai Tokerau, Auckland and Waikato regions combined), mainstream-Auckland, mainstream-Tai Tokerau and mainstream-Waikato. From each stratum, 50% of the schools were randomly sampled and then 30% of students from the selected schools were invited to participate. All students in the kura kaupapa schools were invited to participate. In order to make more precise estimates and adjust for differential non-response, as well as to make nationally relevant estimates and allow comparisons with the previous national surveys, we calibrated the sampling weights to reflect the national secondary school student population. RESULTS There were 45 mainstream and 4 kura schools included in the final sample, and 7,374 mainstream and 347 kura students participated in the survey. There were differences between the sampled population and the national secondary school student population, particularly in terms of sex and ethnicity, with a higher proportion of females and Asian students in the study sample than in the national student population. We calculated estimates of the totals and proportions for key variables that describe risk and protective factors or health and wellbeing factors. Rates of risk-taking behaviours were lower in the sampled population than what would be expected nationally, based on the demographic profile of the national student population. For the regional estimates, calibrated weights yield standard errors lower than those obtained with the unadjusted sampling weights. This leads to significantly narrower confidence intervals for all the variables in the analysis. The calibrated estimates of national quantities provide similar results. Additionally, the national estimates for 2019 serve as a tool to compare to previous surveys, where the sampling population was national. CONCLUSIONS One of the main goals of this paper is to improve the estimates at the regional level using calibrated weights to adjust for oversampling of some groups, or non-response bias. Additionally, we also recommend the use of calibrated estimators as they provide nationally adjusted estimates, which allow inferences about the whole adolescent population of New Zealand. They also yield confidence intervals that are significantly narrower than those obtained using the original sampling weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Rivera-Rodriguez
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: ,
| | - T. C. Clark
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T. Fleming
- School of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - D. Archer
- School of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S. Crengle
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - R. Peiris-John
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S. Lewycka
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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16
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Vashishtha R, Pennay A, Dietze PM, Livingston M. Trends in adolescent alcohol and other risky health- and school-related behaviours and outcomes in Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2021; 40:1071-1082. [PMID: 33715243 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent drinking has been declining in Australia over the past two decades, but this trend may be part of a broader shift towards healthier lifestyles for adolescents. We examined trends in the prevalence of multiple risky health- and school-related behaviours and outcomes to test whether this was the case. METHODS Data on multiple behaviours and outcomes were collated from Australian government agencies and other relevant sources for 10-19-year-olds from the year 2000 onward. Trends were examined descriptively. RESULTS Rates of substance use, youth offending and injuries due to underage driving declined over the study period. Some health-related behaviours (physical activity and diet) worsened between 2001 and 2017; however, obesity rates remained stable. Risky sexual behaviours increased in terms of early initiation of lifetime sexual intercourse and decreased condom use. However, sexual health outcomes improved with a reduction in teenage pregnancies and there was a recent decline in sexually transmitted infection rates from 2011 onward. Suicide rates and rates of major depressive disorders increased. School attendance and engagement in full-time work or study remained stable. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The decline in adolescent drinking does not appear to correspond with increased engagement in healthier behaviours; however, it may be related to a more risk-averse way of living. Future work could be directed towards identifying which social, economic, policy and environmental factors have impacted positive changes in risky behaviours. Public health efforts can then be directed towards behaviours or outcomes, which have not yet improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Vashishtha
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Amy Pennay
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul M Dietze
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre of Population Health, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Livingston
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Raitasalo K, Kraus L, Bye EK, Karlsson P, Tigerstedt C, Törrönen J, Raninen J. Similar countries, similar factors? Studying the decline of heavy episodic drinking in adolescents in Finland, Norway and Sweden. Addiction 2021; 116:62-71. [PMID: 32285975 DOI: 10.1111/add.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To (i) examine several factors associated with trends in heavy episodic drinking (HED) in Finland, Norway and Sweden, (ii) investigate similarities in these associations across the countries and (iii) analyse the contribution of these factors to the trend in HED and the differences across the countries. DESIGN AND SETTING Observational study using five waves of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) from Finland, Norway and Sweden between 1999 and 2015. PARTICIPANTS A total of 18 128 male and 19 121 female 15- to 16-year-old students. MEASUREMENTS Monthly HED, perceived access to alcohol, truancy, parental control, leisure time activities and daily smoking. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to examine linear time trends in HED. Logit regression models using the Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method were fitted for each country separately, including all the independent variables together with time and adjusted for family status, parental education and gender. FINDINGS In Finland, Norway and Sweden, perceived access to alcohol, truancy and daily smoking decreased significantly between 1999 and 2015 whereas risk perceptions, parental control and participation in sports increased in the same period. The confounding percentage of all the independent variables related to the trend in HED was 48.8%, 68.9% and 36.7% for Finland, Norway and Sweden, respectively. Decline in daily smoking (P < 0.001) and perceived access to alcohol (P < 0.001) were positively and increase in parental control (P < 0.001) negatively associated with the decline in HED in all three countries. Changes in truancy, going out with friends, and engaging in sports and other hobbies had little or no impact on the decline in HED or displayed no consistent results across the countries. CONCLUSIONS The decline in adolescent heavy episodic drinking in Finland, Norway and Sweden between 1999 and 2015 appears to be associated with a decline in adolescent daily smoking and perceived access to alcohol and an increase in parental control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsimarja Raitasalo
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ludwig Kraus
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, München, Germany.,Department for Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Psychology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elin K Bye
- Department of Substance Use, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrik Karlsson
- Department of Social Work, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Tigerstedt
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Törrönen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Raninen
- CAN (Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs), Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Work, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
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18
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Vashishtha R, Livingston M. Commentary on Raitasalo et al.: Looking beyond the borders-what else is driving the decline in adolescent alcohol consumption? Addiction 2021; 116:72-73. [PMID: 32964572 DOI: 10.1111/add.15230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Vashishtha
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Livingston
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Vannucci A, Simpson EG, Gagnon S, Ohannessian CM. Social media use and risky behaviors in adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Adolesc 2020; 79:258-274. [PMID: 32018149 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the associations between social media use and risky behaviors during adolescence, and evaluated study characteristics (e.g., sample age, type of social media platform assessed) that may moderate these relationships. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy identified relevant studies from PsycInfo, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global. RESULTS The final sample included 27 independent cross-sectional studies with a total of 67,407 adolescents (Mage = 15.5, range: 12.6-18.0 years; 51.7% girls; 57.2% White). Results from random effects models indicated that there were positive, small-to-medium correlations between social media use and engagement in risky behaviors generally (r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.16-0.25), substance use (r = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.12-0.26), and risky sexual behaviors (r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.15-0.28). There were an insufficient number of independent samples available to conduct a random effect models for violence-related behaviors (k = 3). Moderator analyses suggested that studies assessing solely early social media platforms (e.g., Facebook/MySpace only) in relation to substance use had smaller effect sizes than substance use studies assessing a broader range of contemporary social media platforms. In addition, younger samples had larger effect sizes for studies focused on social media use and risky sexual behaviors. CONCLUSIONS The positive links identified between social media and risky behaviors during adolescence in this meta-analysis suggest that developmental theories of risk taking would benefit from incorporating the social media context. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify directionality and make more specific practice and policy recommendations so that social media is a safe place in which adolescents can thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vannucci
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA.
| | - Emily G Simpson
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA; Department of Human Development and Families Studies, University of Connecticut, 380-398 Mansfield Drive, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Sonja Gagnon
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Christine McCauley Ohannessian
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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20
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Ball J. Commentary on Chan et al. (2020): Solving the puzzle of why substance use is declining among young people requires a multi-substance perspective. Addiction 2020; 115:156-157. [PMID: 31677189 DOI: 10.1111/add.14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jude Ball
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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21
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Clark TC, Le Grice J, Moselen E, Fleming T, Crengle S, Tiatia-Seath J, Lewycka S. Health and wellbeing of Māori secondary school students in New Zealand: Trends between 2001, 2007 and 2012. Aust N Z J Public Health 2018; 42:553-561. [PMID: 30370961 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the health status over time of Māori secondary school students in New Zealand compared to European students. METHODS Anonymous representative health surveys of New Zealand secondary school students were conducted in 2001, 2007 and 2012 (total n=27,306 including 5,747 Māori). RESULTS Compared to 2001, Māori students in 2012 experienced improved health, family and school connections. However, considerable inequity persists with Māori students reporting poorer health, greater exposure to violence and socioeconomic adversity compared to European students. When controlling for socioeconomic deprivation, inequity was substantially reduced, although worse Māori health outcomes remained for general health, mental health, contraceptive use, healthy weight, substance use, access to healthcare and exposure to violence. There was some evidence of convergence between Māori and European students on some indicators. CONCLUSIONS There have been significant improvements for Māori youth in areas of health where there has been investment. Priority areas identified require adequate resourcing alongside addressing systematic discrimination and poverty. Implications for public health: Socioeconomic contexts, discrimination, healthcare access and identified priority health areas must be addressed to improve equity for Māori youth. Building on these gains and hastening action on indicators that have not improved, or have worsened, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jade Le Grice
- School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emma Moselen
- School of Nursing, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Theresa Fleming
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sue Crengle
- Department of Preventative and Social Medicine, The University of Otago, New Zealand
| | | | - Sonia Lewycka
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
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