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Albadrani GM, Altyar AE, Kensara OA, Haridy MAM, Zaazouee MS, Elshanbary AA, Sayed AA, Abdel-Daim MM. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-DNA damage effects of carnosic acid against aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic, renal, and cardiac toxicities in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae083. [PMID: 38939725 PMCID: PMC11200098 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) food contamination is a global health hazard that has detrimental effects on both human and animal health. The objective of the current study is to assess the protective impact of carnosic acid against AFB1-induced toxicities in the liver, kidneys, and heart. Methods Forty male Wistar Albino rats (weighting 180 ~ 200 g) were allocated into 5 groups (8 rats each); the 1st group received saline as served as a control, the 2nd group received carnosic acid (CA100) at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw/day by gavage for 14 days, the 3rd group received AFB1 at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg bw, orally twice on days 12 and 14, the 4th group (AFB1-CA50) received AFB1 as in the 3rd group and CA at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw/day, and the 5th group (AFB1-CA100) received AFB1 as in the 3rd group and CA as in the 2nd group. Results CA significantly decreased the liver enzymes (ALT, AST. ALP), renal function products (LDH, BUN, creatinine), and cardiac enzymes (CK and CK-MB) to control levels after the high increment by AFB1 exposure. Moreover, CA significantly decreased the oxidative stress (MDA, NO, 8-OHdG) and increased the antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, and SOD) after severe disruption of oxidant/antioxidant balance by AFB1 exposure. Interestingly, CA significantly decreased the proinflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) to the control levels after severe inflammation induced by AFB1 exposure. Conclusions Conclusively, CA had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-DNA damage effects against hepatic, renal, and cardiac AFB1-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Kensara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7067, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohie A M Haridy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, PO Box 6622, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | | | | | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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2
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Tsouloufi TK. An overview of mycotoxicoses in rabbits. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024:10406387241255945. [PMID: 38804173 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241255945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxicoses are usually a consideration in large animal species but can affect companion animals as well. Due to increasing interest and the ease of using rabbits as laboratory models, a growing number of published experimental studies discuss the effects of various mycotoxins on this species. However, the available evidence is fragmented and heterogeneous, and has not recently been collated in a review, to my knowledge. Although mycotoxicoses in rabbits are typically subclinical, clinical signs can include weight loss, anorexia, gastrointestinal disorders, stunted growth, reproductive abnormalities, and susceptibility to infections. An antemortem diagnosis typically relies on a comprehensive clinical history, and assessment of clinical signs and relevant laboratory findings, with confirmation of exposure achieved through the measurement of mycotoxin concentrations in feed or target organs. My review focuses on the clinicopathologic and histopathologic effects of the mycotoxins most important in rabbits, including fumonisins, ochratoxins, aflatoxins, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. This review offers a thorough overview of the effects of mycotoxins in rabbits, serving as a one-stop resource for veterinary practitioners, diagnosticians, and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora K Tsouloufi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Idexx Laboratories, Wetherby, West Yorkshire, UK
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Yao W, Zhao Z, Wang X, Bao Y, Shi W. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide mitigates AFB1-induced liver injury in rabbits. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116344. [PMID: 38636259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the common dietary contaminants worldwide, which can harm the liver of humans and animals. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide (SMP) is a natural plant-derived polysaccharide with numerous pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective properties. The purpose of this study is to explore the intervention effect of SMP on AFB1-induced liver injury and its underlying mechanisms in rabbits. The rabbits were administered AFB1 (25 μg/kg/feed) and or treatment with SMP (300, 600, 900 mg/kg/feed) for 42 days. The results showed that SMP effectively alleviated the negative impact of AFB1 on rabbits' productivity by increasing average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate (FCR). SMP reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in serum, ameliorating AFB1-induced hepatic pathological changes. Additionally, SMP enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) activity, and inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression, thus mitigating AFB1-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Moreover, SMP upregulated the expression of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) while downregulating kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1), cytochrome c (cyt.c), caspase9, caspase3, and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression, thereby inhibiting AFB1-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Consequently, our findings conclude that SMP can mitigate AFB1-induced liver damage by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qiongyi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Weiyu Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zenghui Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yongzhan Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; Hebei Provincial Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; Hebei Provincial Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Baoding 071001, China.
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4
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Mohamed RS, Alagawany M, Attia AI, Ismail FSA, Salah AS, Di Cerbo A, Azzam MM, Arafa MM, El-Mekkawy MM. The role of chamomile oil against ochratoxin A in quail breeders: productive and reproductive performances, egg quality, and blood metabolites. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103440. [PMID: 38271757 PMCID: PMC10832462 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial role of chamomile essential oil in improving productive and reproductive performances, egg quality, and blood metabolites and reducing the toxic effect of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in quail breeder's diets. A total of 144 mature quails, 8 wk old, were divided into 6 groups. The treatments were: G1 (the control), G2 (supplemented with OTA 1 mg/kg diet), G3 (supplemented with chamomile oil 0.5 g/kg diet), G4 (supplemented with chamomile oil 1 G/kg diet), G5 (supplemented with OTA 1 mg/kg diet + chamomile oil 0.5 g/kg diet), and G6 (supplemented with OTA 1 mg/kg diet + chamomile oil 1 g/kg diet). The OTA administration alone significantly decreased egg production and mass in quail breeders (P < 0.0001). Moreover, poor feed conversion ratio (FCR), fertility percentage (P < 0.0001), and hatchability percentage (P < 0.0009) were recorded. A significant decline (P < 0.05) in the levels of serum protein (total protein and globulin) was also recorded in OTA-contaminated groups, along with elevated serum levels of liver enzymes such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST) and kidney function test as urea and creatinine levels (P < 0.05). Ochratoxin A-contaminated feed resulted in a significant elevation (P < 0.05) in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), along with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in antioxidant status and immunological response. The supplementation of chamomile essential oil, either 0.5 g/kg or 1g/kg, to the basal diet or OTA-supplemented feed, revealed a significant increase in hatchability %, fertility, egg mass, and egg production and better FCR, egg quality, and immunological status when compared to OTA only. Moreover, chamomile essential oil supplementation improves liver and kidney function markers, decreases LDL, VLDL), TG, and TC. Along with a significant increase (P < 0.05) in terms of antioxidant status as glutathione peroxidase enzyme (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and significantly (P < 0.05) improves immunological response as IgM, IgG, lysozyme and complement 3. In summary, chamomile oil supplementation, either separate or combined with OTA, reduced the adverse effects of OTA and led to improved productive and reproductive performance, egg quality, and blood metabolites in Japanese quail breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda S Mohamed
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Adel I Attia
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Fawzy S A Ismail
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ayman S Salah
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Mahmoud M Azzam
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Arafa
- Biochemistry, Toxicology and Nutritionals Difference Disseces, Animal Health Research Center- Agriculture Research Center (AHRI - ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M El-Mekkawy
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Altyar AE, Kensara OA, Sayed AA, Aleya L, Almutairi MH, Zaazouee MS, Elshanbary AA, El-Demerdash FM, Abdel-Daim MM. Acute aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic and cardiac oxidative damage in rats: Ameliorative effects of morin. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21837. [PMID: 38027731 PMCID: PMC10663918 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are secondary metabolites produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, of which Aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) appears to be the most cancerogenic and of the highest toxicity. AFB1 causes serious effects on several organs including the liver. Morin is a flavonol that exists in many fruits and plants and has diverse biological properties including anticancer, anti-atherosclerotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and multi-organ protective activities. The present study aims to evaluate the potential protective effects of morin against acute AFB1-induced hepatic and cardiac toxicity in rats. Forty rats were divided into five groups (n = 8) as follows: control received the vehicle, morin was orally administered 30/mg/kg body weight (MRN30), the AFB1 was administered orally at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, twice on days 12 and 14 of the experiment for the 3rd, 4th, and 5th groups., AFB1-MRN15 was orally given morin at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight, and AFB1-MRN30 orally received morin at 30 mg/kg body weight. The results indicated a significant decrease in serum AST, ALP, LDH, GGT, CK, CK-MB, 8-OHdG, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-a levels in MRN30 compared to AFB1, and AFB1-MRN15 groups. However, the results indicated non-significant differences in the serum levels between MRN30, control, and AFB1-MRN30 groups. Meanwhile, regarding the hepatic and cardiac parameters, there were significant differences in the levels of MDA, NO, GSH, GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT in MRN30 compared to AFB1, and AFB1-MRN15 groups, overall implying the protective effects of morin. To conclude, morin at a dose of 30 mg/kg b. wt. showed significant enhancements in acute AFB1-induced hepatic and cardiac toxicity in rats, which could play a role in limiting the public health hazards of AFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Kensara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7067, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR, CNRS 6249, Franche-Comté University, CEDEX, F-25030, Besançon, Bourgogne, France
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Fatma M. El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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6
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Mohamed SIA, Shehata SAM, Bassiony SM, Mahgoub SAM, Abd El-Hack ME. Does the Use of Different Types of Probiotics Possess Detoxification Properties Against Aflatoxins Contamination in Rabbit Diets? Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1382-1392. [PMID: 36161400 PMCID: PMC10491703 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The present work was carried out to study the ability of five probiotics on the in vitro degradation of Aflatoxins B1 (AFB1). The best results of in vitro were tested on the detoxification of AFB1 in rabbits. A total of 40 growing New Zealand White (NZW) male rabbits were assigned to five experimental groups. Animals were fed the following diets: basal diet (control), basal diet contaminated with 300 ppb AFB1, basal diet contaminated with 300 ppb AFB1. + probiotic 3 (0.5 g/kg diet), basal diet contaminated with 300 ppb AFB1 + ajowan (0.5 g/kg diet), and basal diet contaminated with 300 ppb AFB1 + probiotic 3 (0.5 g/kg diet) + ajowan (0.5 g/kg diet). Live body weight significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in rabbits fed AFB1 contaminated diet compared to the control rabbits. All additives improved (P < 0.05) the live body weight. The best improvement occurred with probiotics + ajowan. The addition of probiotics increased (P < 0.05) daily body weight gain in all weeks except the first week. Adding ajowan or ajowan + probiotic led to a significant (P < 0.05) increase in live body weight gain and feed intake compared to rabbits fed AFB1 alone. The digestion coefficients of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and digestible crude protein (DCP) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in rabbits fed AFB1 contaminated diet. All additives improved (P < 0.05) the digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, EE, CF, NFE, and total digested nutrients (TDN)%. The best improvement occurred with probiotics + ajowan. Concentrations of serum total protein, albumin and globulin significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in rabbits fed AFB1 contaminated diet compared with the control rabbits. In conclusion, the addition of probiotic 3 (AVI-5-BAC) + ajowan could be recommended to eliminate the toxicity of AFB1 and improve growth performance criteria in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said I A Mohamed
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Sabry A M Shehata
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Sabry M Bassiony
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Samir A M Mahgoub
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
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7
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Hassan MA, Abo-Elmaaty AMA, Zaglool AW, Mohamed SAM, Abou-Zeid SM, Farag MR, Alagawany M, Di Cerbo A, Azzam MM, Alhotan R, EL-Hady E. Origanum vulgare Essential Oil Modulates the AFB1-Induced Oxidative Damages, Nephropathy, and Altered Inflammatory Responses in Growing Rabbits. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:69. [PMID: 36668888 PMCID: PMC9864656 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) through the evaluation of kidney function tests and histopathological examination of renal tissues, targeting the therapeutic role of Marjoram (Origanum vulgare essential oil-OEO) in improving health status. Forty-eight New Zealand Whites growing rabbits (four weeks old) weighing on average 660.5 ± 2.33 g were randomly and equally distributed into four groups, each of which had four replicas of three animals as the following: Control group (only basal diet), AFB1 group (0.3 mg AFB1/kg diet), OEO group (1 g OEO/kg diet) and co-exposed group (1 g OEO/kg + 0.3 mg AF/kg diet). Our study lasted eight weeks and was completed at 12 weeks of age. The results revealed that OEO decreased the toxic effects of AFB1 in rabbit kidneys by substantially reducing the cystatin C levels in the AFB1 group. Additionally, OEO decreased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation levels in the co-exposed group. Moreover, OEO reduced DNA damage and inflammatory response in addition to the down-regulation of stress and inflammatory cytokines-encoding genes. Besides, OEO preserved the cytoarchitecture of rabbits' kidneys treated with AFB1. In conclusion, O. vulgare essential oil supplementation ameliorated the deleterious effects of AFB1 on the rabbits' kidneys by raising antioxidant levels, decreasing inflammation, and reversing oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A. Hassan
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Azza M. A. Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Asmaa W. Zaglool
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sally A. M. Mohamed
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 6012201, Egypt
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
| | - Mahmoud M. Azzam
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas EL-Hady
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Wang X, Wang T, Nepovimova E, Long M, Wu W, Kuca K. Progress on the detoxification of aflatoxin B1 using natural anti-oxidants. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113417. [PMID: 36096290 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus fungi. The most toxic among them is Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) which is known to have genotoxic, immunotoxic, teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic toxic effects (amongst others). The mechanisms responsible for its toxicity include the induction of oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and DNAdamage. Studies have found that natural anti-oxidants can reduce the damage that AFB1 inflicts on the body by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting the biotransformation of AFB1. Therefore, this review outlines the latest progress in research on the use of natural anti-oxidants as antidotes to aflatoxin poisoning and their detoxification mechanisms. It also considers the problems that may possibly arise from their use and their application prospects. Our aim is to provide a useful reference for the prevention and treatment of AFB1 poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Wenda Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
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Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Li M, Xu J, Wang J, Li M, Wei L, Lv Q, Chen X, Wang Y, Liu Y. SeMet attenuates AFB1-induced intestinal injury in rabbits by activating the Nrf2 pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113640. [PMID: 35597141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of selenomethionine (SeMet) in alleviating AFB1 induced intestinal injury by inhibiting intestinal oxidative stress. Forty 35-day-old rabbits were divided randomly into 4 groups (control group, AFB1 group, 0.2 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group, 0.4 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group). From the first day of the experiment, the two treatment groups were fed 0.2 mg/kg SeMet or 0.4 mg/kg SeMet daily for 21 days. On the 17th day, all rabbits in the model group and the two treatment groups were given intragastric AFB1 daily for 5 days. The ADG, ADFI and FCR of the rabbits were examined. Rabbit jejunum tissue was collected for hematoxylin- eosin staining (HE), PCNA detection, immunofluorescence and WB. Intestinal tissue IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the production performance was decreased, the levels of ROS and MDA were increased in intestinal tissues, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was decreased and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased in AFB1-exposed rabbits. In addition, AFB1 induces an inflammatory response in the jejunum and promotes the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. SeMet pretreatment significantly improved the performance of the rabbits, alleviated intestinal oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Therefore, we confirmed that SeMet protects against AFB1 induced oxidative damage and improves productivity in rabbits by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monan Li
- The School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | | | - Mengyun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | - Lan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | - Qiongxia Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | | | - Yuqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China.
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Dietary Betaine and Fatty Acids Change Circulating Single-Carbon Metabolites and Fatty Acids in the Dog. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060768. [PMID: 35327165 PMCID: PMC8944756 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the interaction of betaine and n-3 PUFA in foods consumed by the dog, six extruded dry foods were formulated. The control food had no specific source of added betaine or n-3 fatty acids, while the test foods were supplemented with betaine, flax or fish oil in a 2 × 3 factorial design (no added n-3 source, added flax, added menhaden fish oil, and all with or without added betaine). Forty eight adult dogs were used in this study. All dogs were assigned to one of the six dietary treatments and consumed that food for the length of the 60-day study. Blood was analyzed for metabolomics (plasma), fatty acids and selected health-related analytes (serum) at the beginning and the end of the study. Added dietary betaine increased single-carbon metabolites (betaine, dimethyl glycine, methionine and N-methylalanine), decreased xenobiotics (stachydrine, N-acetyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine, 4-vinylguaiacol sulfate, pyrraline, 3-indoleglyoxylic acid, N-methylpipecolate and ectoine) and enhanced the production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Dietary betaine also decreased the concentration of circulating carnitine and a number of carnitine-containing moieties. The addition of the n-3 fatty acids alpha-linolenic, EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increased their respective circulating concentrations as well as those of many subsequent moieties containing these fatty acids. The addition of alpha-linolenic acid increased the concentration of EPA when expressed as a ratio of EPA consumed.
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Arif M, Baty RS, Althubaiti EH, Ijaz MT, Fayyaz M, Shafi ME, Albaqami NM, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, Salem HM, El-Tahan AM, Elnesr SS. The impact of betaine supplementation in quail diet on growth performance, blood chemistry, and carcass traits. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 29:1604-1610. [PMID: 35280529 PMCID: PMC8913552 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of various doses of betaine supplemented dietary on Japanese quail performance, carcass characteristics, and blood chemistry. Therefore, 400 seven days old Japanese quails were classified randomly into four equal groups. Each group was subdivided into five replicates of 20 birds each. Four rations were formulated using four different betaine levels (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 g/kg, respectively) for five successive weeks. All groups received feed and clean water ad-libitum. The results of this trial indicated that the feed intake was lowered in groups fed with betaine (p ≤ 0.05) when compared with the control one. The highest weight gain (p ≤ 0.05) was noticed in groups fed diets BS4 (betaine supplementation at the rate of 2.25 g/kg). No difference among groups was observed in body length, shank length, shank diameter, and keel bone length or breast width. Also, the carcass weight and breast yield were highest (p ≤ 0.05) in the group reared on the BS4 diet. In addition, intestinal length and weight were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in groups fed betaine with a concentration of 2.25 g/kg. Fat weight was lower in the group fed BS4 than in the untreated group. Significantly higher values of high-density lipoprotein (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in the group fed BS4. All groups fed a ration containing betaine showed lower levels of liver enzymes such as alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate amino transferase (p ≤ 0.05) and lowered low-density lipoprotein level. The quails fed BS4 had the greatest growth hormones and insulin (p ≤ 0.05) and the lowest thyroxin level. We concluded that dietary betaine supplementation positively impacts Japanese quail growth performance, carcass traits, and blood chemistry.
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Fan T, Xie Y, Ma W. Research progress on the protection and detoxification of phytochemicals against aflatoxin B 1-Induced liver toxicity. Toxicon 2021; 195:58-68. [PMID: 33716068 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent hepatotoxic toxin, which can cause hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver immunological damage. It has been involved in the etiology of human hepatocellular carcinoma. AFB1 can cause oxidative stress in the body's metabolism process, and then cause cytotoxicity, such as apoptosis and DNA damage. Scientific research has discovered that phytochemicals can induce the detoxification pathway of AFB1 through its biotransformation, thereby reducing the damage of AFB1 to the human body. In clinical treatment, certain phytochemicals have been effectively used in the treatment of liver injury due to the advantages of multiple targets, multiple pathways, low toxicity and side effects. Therefore, the article summarizes the toxic mechanism of AFB1-induced hepatoxicity, and the related research progress of phytochemicals for preventing and treating its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. We also look forward to the existing problems and application prospects of phytochemicals in the pharmaceutical industry, in order to provide theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of AFB1 poisoning in future research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weibin Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
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13
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Elwan H, Xie C, Miao LP, Dong X, Zou XT, Mohany M, Ahmed MM, Al-Rejaie SS, Elnesr SS. Methionine alleviates aflatoxinb1-induced broiler chicks embryotoxicity through inhibition of caspase-dependent apoptosis and enhancement of cellular antioxidant status. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101103. [PMID: 34229218 PMCID: PMC8261005 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Practical methods for preventing embryotoxicity in chickens that are caused by aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) are currently rare. Binding absorbers are commonly used in feeding stuff to reduce laying hens' exposure to off-contaminated diets, thus reducing residue exposure to fertilized eggs. Nonetheless, several adsorbents have been shown to affect the use of nutrients and the absorption of minerals in poultry. Thus, seeking an effective strategy to counter or control embryotoxicity in broiler chicks caused by AFB1 is a problem. A total of 180 embryonated eggs were injected with 36 ng AFB1 with or without 5.90 mg L-methionine (Met) 30 embryonated eggs each, followed by incubation in an incubator until hatching time. The in ovo injection of Met significantly reduced toxicity caused by AFB1 in broiler embryos by enhancing the liver and kidney functions, lipid profiles, and alleviated oxidative stress during the incubation period. Furthermore, the relative gene expressions (SSTR5, TSH-β, Bcl-2, GSH-Px, GST-a, and SOD in the liver) were up-regulated with in ovo injection of AFB1+Met compared to AFB1 alone. Moreover, there was a dowin-regulated trend in Bax, Caspases-3, Caspases-7, Caspases-9, CYP1A1, CYP2H1, and P53 gene expression with in ovo injection of AFB1+Met compared to AFB1 alone. The in ovo injection of Met led to less apoptotic cells in liver tissues. Such results might be necessary for the poultry industry as it is focused on managing the embryotoxicity of AFB1, which affecting poultry production and welfare. Results from this study demonstrated that in ovo Met injection could alleviate AF-induced toxicity in chicken embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada Elwan
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minya, 61519, Egypt
| | - Chao Xie
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L P Miao
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Dong
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Zou
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia
| | - S S Elnesr
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt
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Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Ashour EA, El-Sayed SA, Ahmed SYA, El-Kholy MS. Consequences of varying dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on lipid profile, antioxidant and immunity parameters of growing Egyptian geese. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1848464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Elwy A. Ashour
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sabry A. El-Sayed
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sarah Y. A. Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. El-Kholy
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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15
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Alagawany M, Elnesr SS, Farag MR, Tiwari R, Yatoo MI, Karthik K, Michalak I, Dhama K. Nutritional significance of amino acids, vitamins and minerals as nutraceuticals in poultry production and health - a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2020; 41:1-29. [PMID: 33250002 PMCID: PMC7755404 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2020.1857887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have gained immense importance in poultry science recently considering the nutritional and beneficial health effects of their constituents. Besides providing nutritional requirements to birds, nutraceuticals have beneficial pharmacological effects, for example, they help in establishing normal physiological health status, prevent diseases and thereby improve production performance. Nutraceuticals include amino acids, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, etc. which are important for preventing oxidative stress, regulating the immune response and maintaining normal physiological, biochemical and homeostatic mechanisms. Nutraceuticals help in supplying nutrients in balanced amounts for supporting the optimal growth performance in modern poultry flocks, and as a dietary supplement can reduce the use of antibiotics. The application of antibiotic growth enhancers in poultry leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microbes and drug residues; therefore, they have been restricted in many countries. Thus, there is a demand for natural feed additives that lead to the same growth enhancement without affecting the health. Nutraceuticals substances have an essential role in the development of the animals' normal physiological functions and in protecting them against infectious diseases. In this review, the uses of amino acids, vitamins and minerals as well as their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of immune system are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Poultry, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Production, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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Effects of Varying Dietary DL-Methionine Levels on Productive and Reproductive Performance, Egg Quality, and Blood Biochemical Parameters of Quail Breeders. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101839. [PMID: 33050290 PMCID: PMC7601574 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study investigated the effects of different DL-methionine levels on quail breeders kept from 8–16 weeks of age. The results revealed that using DL-methionine at levels of 0.5 or 1.5 g/kg improved the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile, immunity and antioxidant parameters of quail breeders. Abstract The present study was carried out to study the effects of varying dietary DL-methionine (0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 g/kg) levels on the productive and reproductive performance, egg quality and blood biochemical parameters of quail breeders. In total, 150 mature Japanese quails at eight weeks of age were randomly allotted to five groups of 30 for each group. Each group included five replicates, each of six quails (four females and two males). The results showed that egg number, egg weight and egg mass were higher (p < 0.05) with the addition of all DL-methionine levels than that of the control group. Quails from the control group had a lower feed intake (p < 0.001) and a worse feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those from the DL-methionine-treated groups. Supplementation of DL-methionine up to 2.5 g/kg in quail diets increased fertility and hatchability percentages. Birds fed DL-methionine at 1.5 g/kg had the best egg production indices, better FCR and the highest values of fertility and hatchability. Egg weight, yolk %, Haugh unit, egg shape index and unit surface shell weight (USSW) were increased and eggshell % was decreased in quail supplemented with DL-methionine levels compared with the control quail (p < 0.05). Dietary DL-methionine levels did not affect (p > 0.05) the hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and packed cell volume (PCV) of quails. DL-methionine levels (0.5 and 2.5 g/kg) augmented lymphocytes and basophile (p < 0.05). Low DL-methionine levels (0.5 or 1.5 g/kg) improved liver enzymes and kidney functions. Dietary DL-methionine levels (except 3.5 g/kg) declined serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and decreased lipid profile parameters (except high-density lipoprotein—HDL). Supplementation of DL-methionine at 0.5 and 1.5 g/kg increased immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (p < 0.001) compared with the control. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of DL-methionine (1.5 g/kg) can enhance the reproductive performance and egg quality of quail breeders. DL-methionine use at levels of 0.5 or 1.5 g/kg improved the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile, immunity and antioxidant parameters of Japanese quail.
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Nabi F, Arain MA, Rajput N, Alagawany M, Soomro J, Umer M, Soomro F, Wang Z, Ye R, Liu J. Health benefits of carotenoids and potential application in poultry industry: A review. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1809-1818. [PMID: 32333620 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are one of the widespread and ubiquitous lipid-soluble pigments that produce a wide range of colours which are universally found in various plants, microalgae, bacteria and fungi. Recently, interest in using carotenoids as feed ingredients has increased markedly owing to their bioactive and health-promoting properties. In terms of applications, carotenoid-rich products are widely available in the form of food and feed additive, supplements and natural colourants. Carotenoids play a versatile biological role that contributes to therapeutic effects, including anticancer, immunomodulators, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic and neuroprotective. Dietary supplementation of carotenoids not only improves the production performance and health of poultry birds, but also enhances the quality of egg and meat. Several studies have suggested that the supplementation of plant derived carotenoids revealed numerous health-promoting activities in poultry birds. Carotenoids reduce the oxidative stress in pre-hatched and post-hatched birds through different mechanisms, including quench free radicals, activating antioxidant enzymes and inhibiting the signalling pathways. Use of carotenoids in poultry feed as a part of nutrient that confers bird health and improve product quality. Carotenoids play a critical role for the pigmentation of egg yolk, skin, legs, beak, comb, feather and fat. Birds consumed carotenoid deficient diet resulting hues of their egg yolk or pale coloured skin. Therefore, uniform pigmentation generally indicates the health status and quality of the poultry products. This review aims to gather recent information regarding bioactive properties of carotenoids and highlight pharmaceutical and health beneficial effects of carotenoids for the poultry industry. Additionally, it explores the importance of carotenoids as alternative feed ingredients for poultry to boost the production performance and replace synthetic medicine and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazul Nabi
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, China.,Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences (LUAWMS), Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences (LUAWMS), Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rajput
- Department of Poultry Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Jamila Soomro
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umer
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences (LUAWMS), Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Feroza Soomro
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Zhongqing Wang
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruiling Ye
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
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Ismail IE, Farag MR, Alagawany M, Mahmoud HK, Reda FM. Efficacy of some feed additives to attenuate the hepato-renal damage induced by aflatoxin B1 in rabbits. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1343-1350. [PMID: 32279386 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The present trial was conducted to evaluate the beneficial role of some feed additives (potassium sorbate; Sor, hydrated sodium calcium almuniosilicate; Hsc and l-methionine; L-M) in attenuating the hepatic and renal toxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rabbits. A total number of 72 NZW growing rabbits (5 week-old) were divided into six experimental groups (four replicates with three rabbits each) as follows: control group, AFB1 group (supplemented with AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet), AFB1 + Sor group (AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet + Sor 2 g/kg diet), AFB1 + Hsc group (AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet + Hsc 5 g/kg diet), AFB1 + L-M group (AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet + L-M 8 g/kg diet) and AFB1 + Mix group (AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet + 2 Sor + 5 Hsc + 8 L-M g/kg diet). Serum levels of total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly reduced by AF. AF increased the serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes. While, they were reduced in AF + Sor and AF + Mix groups compared with AF group. AF increased the level of cystatin C and Beta-2 microglobulin (BMG). All other supplements significantly reduced the level of cystatin C than AF; however, this reduction was more pronounced in AF-L-M group. AF + Sor, AF + L-M and AF + Mix equally reduced the BMG level than AF and AF + HSc, however, still higher than control. AF elevated the total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol levels. A significant reduction in HDL cholesterol was seen in AF group. Additionally, AF induced pathological alterations in the liver and kidney of exposed rabbits on the other hands, the three additives separately or in mix attenuated the Af-induced alterations. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of Sor, L-M, Hsc or their mixture was effective in ameliorating the negative effects of AFB1 on liver and kidney function and structure in rabbits with more better improvement obtained by Sor or L-M separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail E Ismail
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hemat K Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fayiz M Reda
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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