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Kzar WA, Abbas RF. Association of Polymorphism with Periodontitis and Salivary Levels of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 38744330 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation aims to investigate the association between HIF-1α genetic polymorphism and periodontitis and examine and contrast the levels of HIF-1α present in the saliva of subjects afflicted with periodontitis and in the control group. Additionally, this study aims to establish diagnostic proficiency of this biomarker in distinguishing between periodontal health and disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study entailed the collection of venous blood samples and unstimulated saliva samples from a total of 160 participants, encompassing 80 individuals diagnosed with periodontitis and 80 periodontitis-free individuals. The periodontal parameters were evaluated, involving the measurement of clinical attachment loss, the probing pocket depth, and the bleeding on probing percentage. Subsequently, genetic analysis of HIF-1α using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, DNA sequencing, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays was conducted. RESULTS The genetic analysis of 352 bp of the HIF-1α gene revealed the presence of 66 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in control samples, whereas 78 SNPs were found in periodontitis sample. The nucleotide A was replaced with a C nucleotide at position 207 of the amplified PCR fragments. The homozygous AA pattern was predominant in the control group, with significant differences between the two groups. In contrast, the homozygous CC pattern was more dominant in the periodontitis group, with significant differences between the two groups. The analysis of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the comparison between the observed and the expected genotypes showed significant differences between the observed and the expected values in the control and periodontitis groups, as well as the total sample. The highest mean values of the measured periodontal parameters were found in the periodontitis group (clinical attachment loss = 4.759, probing pocket depth = 4.050, and bleeding on probing = 30.950) with statistically significant differences between the groups. The periodontitis group showed significantly higher salivary HIF-1α levels compared to control group (p < 0.001). Besides, HIF-1α is a good biomarker in distinguishing between periodontal health and periodontitis. CONCLUSION rs1951795 SNP of HIF-1α has no significant impact on the progression of periodontitis and the salivary level HIF-1α. Periodontitis results in a notable elevation in HIF-1α salivary levels, with an outstanding diagnostic ability to distinguish between periodontitis and periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Abdulazeez Kzar
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Raghad Fadhil Abbas
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Fok ET, Moorlag SJCFM, Negishi Y, Groh LA, Dos Santos JC, Gräwe C, Monge VV, Craenmehr DDD, van Roosmalen M, da Cunha Jolvino DP, Migliorini LB, Neto AS, Severino P, Vermeulen M, Joosten LAB, Netea MG, Fanucchi S, Mhlanga MM. A chromatin-regulated biphasic circuit coordinates IL-1β-mediated inflammation. Nat Genet 2024; 56:85-99. [PMID: 38092881 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01598-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is characterized by a biphasic cycle consisting initially of a proinflammatory phase that is subsequently resolved by anti-inflammatory processes. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a master regulator of proinflammation and is encoded within the same topologically associating domain (TAD) as IL-37, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that opposes the function of IL-1β. Within this TAD, we identified a long noncoding RNA called AMANZI, which negatively regulates IL-1β expression and trained immunity through the induction of IL37 transcription. We found that the activation of IL37 occurs through the formation of a dynamic long-range chromatin contact that leads to the temporal delay of anti-inflammatory responses. The common variant rs16944 present in AMANZI augments this regulatory circuit, predisposing individuals to enhanced proinflammation or immunosuppression. Our work illuminates a chromatin-mediated biphasic circuit coordinating expression of IL-1β and IL-37, thereby regulating two functionally opposed states of inflammation from within a single TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezio T Fok
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Lemba Therapeutics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yutaka Negishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laszlo A Groh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jéssica Cristina Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cathrin Gräwe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Oncode Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - David Pablo da Cunha Jolvino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Letícia Busato Migliorini
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ary Serpa Neto
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Severino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Oncode Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Musa M Mhlanga
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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3
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Lafaurie GI, Sabogal MA, Contreras A, Castillo DM, Gualtero DF, Avila JD, Trujillo TG, Duque A, Giraldo A, Duarte S, Gutierrez SJ, Ardila CM. Factors Associated with the Extent of Clinical Attachment Loss in Periodontitis: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7043. [PMID: 37998274 PMCID: PMC10671280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20227043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis has significant public health implications, affecting individuals' overall health, well-being, and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with the extent of clinical attachment loss (CAL) in a population diagnosed with periodontitis. Six hundred and sixty-seven patients with different degrees of CAL (mild, n = 223; moderate, n = 256; and advanced, n = 188) were enrolled. Socio-demographics, lifestyle, microbiological profiles, specific immune response, obesity, and single-nucleotide polymorphism of the IL1 gene were determined. Unconditional logistic regression models were conducted to determine the factors associated with the extent of CAL. Aging, smoking, microbial factors, plaque index, and IgG2 antibodies against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were associated with advanced CAL. IgG2 antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans (OR 1.50; CI 95% 1.23-1.81), plaque accumulation (OR 2.69; CI 95% 2.20-3.29), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR 1.93; CI 95% 1.35-2.76), Tanerella forsythia (OR 1.88; CI 95%1.30-2.70), and current smoking (OR 1.94; CI 95% 1.31-2.87) were associated with advanced CAL. Gene IL polymorphisms, obesity, and stress were not associated with the extent of CAL. Aging, plaque accumulation, smoking, and having antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans were the most critical factors associated with advanced CAL. In contrast, obesity, stress, and gene polymorphisms were not associated with the extent of CAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Inés Lafaurie
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia or (G.I.L.); (M.A.S.); (D.M.C.); (D.F.G.); (J.D.A.); (T.G.T.)
| | - María Alejandra Sabogal
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia or (G.I.L.); (M.A.S.); (D.M.C.); (D.F.G.); (J.D.A.); (T.G.T.)
| | - Adolfo Contreras
- Periodontal Medicine Group, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760042, Colombia; (A.C.); (S.J.G.)
| | - Diana Marcela Castillo
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia or (G.I.L.); (M.A.S.); (D.M.C.); (D.F.G.); (J.D.A.); (T.G.T.)
| | - Diego Fernando Gualtero
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia or (G.I.L.); (M.A.S.); (D.M.C.); (D.F.G.); (J.D.A.); (T.G.T.)
| | - Juliette De Avila
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia or (G.I.L.); (M.A.S.); (D.M.C.); (D.F.G.); (J.D.A.); (T.G.T.)
| | - Tamy Goretty Trujillo
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia or (G.I.L.); (M.A.S.); (D.M.C.); (D.F.G.); (J.D.A.); (T.G.T.)
| | - Andrés Duque
- Research Group in Basic Sciences and Clinical Dentistry, CES University, Medellin 050021, Colombia; (A.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Astrid Giraldo
- Research Group in Basic Sciences and Clinical Dentistry, CES University, Medellin 050021, Colombia; (A.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Silvia Duarte
- Dental Research Center-CIO, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110311, Colombia;
| | | | - Carlos Martín Ardila
- Biomedical Stomatology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin 050010, Colombia
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Paladines N, Dawson S, Ryan W, Serrano-Lopez R, Messer R, Huo Y, Cutler CW, Ramos-Junior ES, Morandini AC. Metabolic reprogramming through mitochondrial biogenesis drives adenosine anti-inflammatory effects: new mechanism controlling gingival fibroblast hyper-inflammatory state. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1148216. [PMID: 37350964 PMCID: PMC10282177 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fibroblasts are the dominant stromal cells in the gingival lamina propria with a well-established relevance in regulation of inflammation, and in innate immunity. This is exemplified by their hypersecretion of CXCL8, enhancing leukocyte infiltration in chronic and sustained inflammatory conditions. We have previously shown adenosine to be a key metabolic nucleoside that regulates stromal inflammation, but the underlying mechanisms linking adenosine to the metabolic status of fibroblasts and to the resultant inflammatory response are unclear. This study examined, by seahorse real-time cell metabolic analysis, the bioenergetics of the stromal fibroblast response to extracellular adenosine and IL-1β, focusing on CXCL8 secretion by primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Methods Markers of the glycolytic pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis were tracked through immunoblot. Further, the influence of adenosine on mitochondrial accumulation was measured by uptake of MitoTracker Red fluorescent probe and assessment of the role of FCCP (a mitochondrial uncoupler) in CXCL8 secretion and mitochondrial accumulation. Results Our results show that the anti-inflammatory response of HGF to extracellular adenosine, typified by reduced CXCL8 secretion, is mediated by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reflected in higher oxygen consumption rate (OCR). In the presence of IL-1β, adenosine-treated cells induced higher ATP production, basal respiration and proton leak compared to IL-1β without adenosine. Surprisingly, adenosine had no additional effect on the IL-1β-induced higher glycolysis rate demonstrated by the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). In addition, the higher OCR in adenosine-stimulated cells was not due to the mitochondrial fuel dependency or capacity, but due to an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and accumulation in the cells with concomitant decrease in mitophagy-required p-PINK1 marker. We detected the accumulation of functional mitochondria with increased activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. The adenosine-induced uptake of MitoTracker was abrogated by PGC-1α inhibition with SR-12898. In addition, the adenosine effects on reduced CXCL8 were ablated by treatment with FCCP, a potent uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Conclusion Our findings reveal a key role for mitochondrial bioenergetics in regulation of CXCL8-mediated inflammation by HGF through the adenosine/AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α axis. Therapeutically targeting this pathway in gingival fibroblasts might be a promising future strategy to modulate stromal-mediated sustained hyper-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Paladines
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Shantiece Dawson
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Weston Ryan
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rogelio Serrano-Lopez
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Regina Messer
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Christopher W. Cutler
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Erivan S. Ramos-Junior
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Ana Carolina Morandini
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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5
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Brodzikowska A, Górski B, Bogusławska-Kapała A. Association between IL-1 Gene Polymorphisms and Stage III Grade B Periodontitis in Polish Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14687. [PMID: 36429405 PMCID: PMC9690736 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease originating from microbial, environmental and genetic factors. The present study aimed to find an association of genetic polymorphisms at IL-1A-889 and IL-1B+3953 loci in Polish patients with stage III grade B periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects. Fifty patients with stage III grade B periodontitis (tests) and thirty-five periodontally healthy controls were included in the study. To determine IL-1A and IL-1B gene polymorphisms, buccal swab-derived DNA obtained by means of the GenoType PST test was used. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the prevalence of IL-1A-889 or IL-1B+3953 alleles between groups. The frequencies of different IL-1A-889 genotypes did not differ significantly between groups. The IL-1B+3953 C/T genotype was significantly more predominant in periodontitis patients than in controls, whereas C/C genotype prevalence was significantly lower in the test group. Complex genotypes consisting of at least one IL-1A-889 and IL-1B+3953 T allele occurred significantly more frequently in subjects with periodontitis. Stage III grade B periodontitis may be associated with the IL-1B+3953 T allele and composite IL-1 polymorphism. Reduced susceptibility to periodontal disease was present in IL-1A-889 and IL-1B+3953 C/C homozygotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Brodzikowska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Górski
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Becerra-Ruiz JS, Guerrero-Velázquez C, Martínez-Esquivias F, Martínez-Pérez LA, Guzmán-Flores JM. Innate and adaptive immunity of periodontal disease. From etiology to alveolar bone loss. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1441-1447. [PMID: 33884712 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal disease refers to inflammation of the tissues that support the tooth. It is of multifactorial etiology. Innate and adaptive immune cells participate jointly through the release of their molecules and mechanisms of action in order to maintain homeostasis in periodontal tissues, so the host's immune response plays an essential role in defense against microorganisms. However, bacterial persistence and the dysregulation of the immune system as an exaggerated response can lead to the worsening of periodontal disease, leading to loss of gingival tissue and alveolar bone and thereby loss of teeth. Therefore, a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of periodontal disease is necessary to design new treatments and prophylactic measures in order to decrease the prevalence of this disease that afflicts a large part of the world population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Saraí Becerra-Ruiz
- Doctorado en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Celia Guerrero-Velázquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Luz Andrea Martínez-Pérez
- Doctorado en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Juan Manuel Guzmán-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Mezzavilla M, Navarra CO, Di Lenarda R, Gasparini P, Bevilacqua L, Robino A. Runs of homozygosity are associated with staging of periodontitis in isolated populations. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1154-1159. [PMID: 33772543 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease characterized by a complex etiology, which is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic variants linked to the periodontitis disease were already investigated, however, little was known regarding the severity of this disease. Recently, long runs of homozygosity (ROH) were associated with several multifactorial diseases. Therefore, in our work, we tried to assess the role of ROH and periodontitis status. We found an association between the excess of homozygosity owing to ROH and staging of periodontitis. More in detail, the total amount of homozygosity owing to ROH is positively associated with an increased severity of periodontitis (P = 0.0001). Regression tree analysis showed the impact of ROH burden in discriminating individuals with mild periodontitis stages I and II and periodontitis stages III and IV (P < 0.001). Furthermore, ROH mapping highlights several regions associated with a severe status of periodontitis (odds ratio > 1). Among them, we found a total of 33 genes. Interestingly, some of these genes were previously associated with granulocyte or platelet measures, both linked to the onset and the progression of periodontal disease. Our results suggest the not only single variants association test could help to risk assessment but even individual genomic features; furthermore, our ROH mapping highlighted the possible role of multiple genes in periodontal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mezzavilla
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste 34137, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Di Lenarda
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste 34137, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bevilacqua
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste 34137, Italy
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8
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Yoshida A, Bouziane A, Erraji S, Lakhdar L, Rhissassi M, Miyazaki H, Ansai T, Iwasaki M, Ennibi O. Etiology of aggressive periodontitis in individuals of African descent. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:20-26. [PMID: 33737991 PMCID: PMC7946349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a form of periodontitis that affects adolescents and has a significantly higher prevalence in individuals of African descent. AgP typically shows familial aggregation, suggesting a genetic predisposition. Young age, good health status, rapid attachment loss, and familial aggregation are the primary features of this disease. AgP has been closely linked to specific bacterial strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. A. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from patients with AgP produce leukotoxin (LtxA), which specifically affects polymorphonuclear leukocytes in primates, especially humans. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed differences in the subgingival microbiota between patients with AgP and those with chronic periodontitis (ChP). The genera Atopobium and Prevotella show increased prevalences in AgP than in ChP. According to AgP susceptibility, several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been detected in different genes in individuals of African descent. Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β genetic polymorphisms may be associated with the severity of both ChP and AgP. An elevated serum level of IL-17 produced by Th17 cells may be a characteristic of AgP. Analyses of the relationships among bacteria, host defenses, genetic predisposition, and numerous other factors are required to understand the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Amal Bouziane
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Erraji
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Leila Lakhdar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem Rhissassi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hideo Miyazaki
- Department of Dental Technology, Meirin College, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ansai
- Division of Community Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | - Oumkeltoum Ennibi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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9
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Sayad A, Gholami L, Mirzajani S, Omrani MD, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M. Genetic susceptibility for periodontitis with special focus on immune-related genes: A concise review. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Bodofsky S, Merriman TR, Thomas TJ, Schlesinger N. Advances in our understanding of gout as an auto-inflammatory disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 50:1089-1100. [PMID: 32916560 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gout, the most common inflammatory arthritis, is the result of hyperuricemia and inflammation induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition. However, most people with hyperuricemia will never develop gout, implying a molecular-genetic contribution to the development of gout. Recent genomic studies reveal links between certain genetic variations and gout. We highlight recent advances in our understanding of gout as an auto-inflammatory disease. We review the auto-inflammatory aspects of gout, including the inflammasome and thirteen gout-associated inflammatory-pathway genes and associated comorbidities. This information provides important insights into emerging immune-modulating targets in the management of gout, and future novel therapeutic targets in gout treatment. Cumulatively, this has important implications for treating gout as an auto-inflammatory disease, as opposed to a purely metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari Bodofsky
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - T J Thomas
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Naomi Schlesinger
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Marchesan JT, Girnary MS, Moss K, Monaghan ET, Egnatz GJ, Jiao Y, Zhang S, Beck J, Swanson KV. Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82:93-114. [PMID: 31850638 PMCID: PMC6927484 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a group of multimolecular intracellular complexes assembled around several innate immune proteins. Recognition of a diverse range of microbial, stress and damage signals by inflammasomes results in direct activation of caspase‐1, which subsequently induces the only known form of secretion of active interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐18. Although the importance of interleukin‐1β in the periodontium is not questioned, the impact of inflammasomes in periodontal disease and its potential for therapeutics in periodontology is still in its very early stages. Increasing evidence in preclinical models and human data strongly implicate the involvement of inflammasomes in a number of inflammatory, autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Here we review: (a) the currently known inflammasome functions, (b) clinical/preclinical data supporting inflammasome involvement in the context of periodontal and comorbid diseases and (c) potential therapies targeting inflammasomes. To clarify further the inflammasome involvement in periodontitis, we present analyses of data from a large clinical study (n = 5809) that measured the gingival crevicular fluid‐interleukin‐1β and grouped the participants based on current periodontal disease classifications. We review data on 4910 European‐Americans that correlate 16 polymorphisms in the interleukin‐1B region with high gingival crevicular fluid‐interleukin‐1β levels. We show that inflammasome components are increased in diseased periodontal tissues and that the caspase‐1 inhibitor, VX‐765, inhibits ~50% of alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. The literature review further supports that although patients clinically present with the same phenotype, the disease that develops probably has different underlying biological pathways. The current data indicate that inflammasomes have a role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Understanding the contribution of different inflammasomes to disease development and distinct patient susceptibility will probably translate into improved, personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie T Marchesan
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mustafa Saadat Girnary
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Moss
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eugenia Timofeev Monaghan
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Grant Joseph Egnatz
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yizu Jiao
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shaoping Zhang
- Periodontics Department, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jim Beck
- Department of Dental Ecology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Karen V Swanson
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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12
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The dimension and morphology of alveolar bone at maxillary anterior teeth in periodontitis: a retrospective analysis-using CBCT. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:4. [PMID: 31932579 PMCID: PMC6957679 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphology of the alveolar bone at the maxillary anterior teeth in periodontitis patients was evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to investigate the distribution of alveolar defects and provide guidance for clinical practice. Ninety periodontitis patients and 30 periodontally healthy individuals were selected to determine the morphology of the alveolar bone at the maxillary anterior teeth according to the degree of bone loss, tooth type, sex and age. The differences in the dimensions between periodontitis patients and healthy individuals were compared, and the distribution of alveolar bone defects was analyzed. A classification system was established regarding the sagittal positions and angulations of the teeth. The buccal residual bone was thicker and the lingual bone was thinner in the periodontitis patients than in the periodontally healthy individuals, and there were differences between the different tooth types, sexes and age subgroups. The buccal undercut was close to the alveolar ridge, while fenestration was reduced and the apical bone height was higher in periodontitis patients than in periodontally healthy individuals. The apical bone height increased with the aggravation of bone loss and age. The proportions of different sagittal positions changed with the aggravation of bone loss. Moreover, the teeth moved more buccally regarding the positions of the maxillary anterior teeth. The morphology of the alveolar bone at the maxillary anterior teeth differed between periodontitis patients and healthy individuals, and the differences were related to the degree of bone loss, tooth type, sex and age.
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13
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Ramos-Junior ES, Pedram M, Lee RE, Exstrom D, Yilmaz Ö, Coutinho-Silva R, Ojcius DM, Morandini AC. CD73-dependent adenosine dampens interleukin-1β-induced CXCL8 production in gingival fibroblasts: Association with heme oxygenase-1 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. J Periodontol 2019; 91:253-262. [PMID: 31347162 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During inflammation, stressed or infected cells can release adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the extracellular medium, which can be hydrolyzed to adenosine by ectonucleotidases such as ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (CD39) and 5'-nucleotidase (CD73). The role of CD73 in the modulation of cytokine release by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated whether CD73-mediated hydrolysis of extracellular ATP (eATP) could affect interleukin (IL)-1β-induced CXCL8 secretion. METHODS The levels of mRNA expression of adenosine receptors, CD39 and CD73 of periodontitis samples were retrieved from a public database. Moreover, HGF mRNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) after 3, 6, or 24 hours of IL-1β stimulation. IL-1β-induced CXCL8 protein levels were measured after pretreatment with 100-µM eATP in the presence or absence of CD73 inhibitor. The effect of eATP degradation to adenosine on CXCL8 levels was investigated using agonist and antagonist of adenosine receptors. RESULTS Levels of CD39, CD73, and adenosine receptor mRNA were differentially modulated by IL-1β. ATP pretreatment impaired IL-1β-induced CXCL8 secretion and required activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK). The inhibition of CD73 or the inhibition of adenosine receptors abrogated the ATP effect on CXCL8 secretion. CONCLUSIONS CD73-generated adenosine dampens IL-1β-induced CXCL8 in HGFs and involves HO-1 and pAMPK signaling. These results imply that CD73 is a negative regulator of the inflammatory microenvironment, suggesting that this ectoenzyme could be involved in the generation of deficient CXCL8 gradient in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erivan Schnaider Ramos-Junior
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Pedram
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Renee E Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA.,College of Letters & Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Drake Exstrom
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Özlem Yilmaz
- Department of Oral Health Sciences and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Immunobiology Program, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ana Carolina Morandini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
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14
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Brodzikowska A, Górska R, Kowalski J. Interleukin-1 Genotype in Periodontitis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2019; 67:367-373. [PMID: 31324923 PMCID: PMC6805812 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-019-00555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the current knowledge concerning the role of polymorphisms of IL1A and IL1B genes in periodontitis. Attention has been paid to the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of the disease, and to the significance of a genetic test, investigating the presence of composite two polymorphisms of IL-1 gene, as a risk factor for severe periodontitis. The significance of this test for prevention of periodontitis and its therapy has been discussed. IL-1 polymorphisms have been presented and described according to the reference single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification number (rsID), established to eradicate the redundancy of reported polymorphisms in the SNP database processed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The prevalence of these genotypes in different populations and ethnic groups and its effect on periodontal health have been discussed. The presented data show inconsistent results. It seems that at least two polymorphisms, rs1800587 and rs1143634, are associated with periodontal inflammation. Therefore, they can be regarded as candidate genes involved in further periodontitis risk assessment. It seems that geographical and ethnical factors can play a great role, as the prevalence of specific polymorphisms varies greatly depending on the population studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Brodzikowska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Renata Górska
- Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Kowalski
- Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Emecen-Huja P, Li HF, Ebersole JL, Lambert J, Bush H. Epidemiologic evaluation of Nhanes for environmental Factors and periodontal disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8227. [PMID: 31160648 PMCID: PMC6547714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that destroys periodontal tissues caused by the accumulation of bacterial biofilms that can be affected by environmental factors. This report describes an association study to evaluate the relationship of environmental factors to the expression of periodontitis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) from 1999–2004. A wide range of environmental variables (156) were assessed in patients categorized for periodontitis (n = 8884). Multiple statistical approaches were used to explore this dataset and identify environmental variable patterns that enhanced or lowered the prevalence of periodontitis. Our findings indicate an array of environmental variables were different in periodontitis in smokers, former smokers, or non-smokers, with a subset of specific environmental variables identified in each population subset. Discriminating environmental factors included blood levels of lead, phthalates, selected nutrients, and PCBs. Importantly, these factors were found to be coupled with more classical risk factors (i.e. age, gender, race/ethnicity) to create a model that indicated an increased disease prevalence of 2–4 fold across the sample population. Targeted environmental factors are statistically associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. Existing evidence suggests that these may contribute to altered gene expression and biologic processes that enhance inflammatory tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Emecen-Huja
- Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
| | - H-F Li
- Providence St. Joseph Health of Oregon, Medical Data and Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J L Ebersole
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - J Lambert
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - H Bush
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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16
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Citterio F, Romano F, Ferrarotti F, Gualini G, Aimetti M. Quality of methods and reporting in association studies of chronic periodontitis and IL1A -889 and IL1B +3953/4 SNPs: A systematic review. J Periodontal Res 2019; 54:457-467. [PMID: 30982982 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the quality of reporting and methodology in genetic association studies between IL1A -889 and IL1B +3954 polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis. BACKGROUND Evidence provided by periodontal research on genetic risk factors is of uttermost importance in clinical practice as a possible diagnostic and prognostic tool for periodontitis. Inadequate reporting of results as well as high risk of bias due to methodological inconsistency hampers the integration of evidence in terms of clinical applicability. METHODS This review includes case-control studies in humans published between 1997 and July 2017. Searching was conducted through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and search handing. Specific scoring systems have been developed to evaluate the quality of methods and reporting. Each article was scored according to its adequacy, and then, the total number and the percentage of items positively qualified for both methods and reporting were calculated. The quality of methods in studies scoring 0-6, 7-12, and 13-16 was, respectively, considered poor, moderate, and good. For reporting, scores of 0-9, 10-18, and 19-26 were deemed of poor, moderate, and good quality, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to explore the correlation between the year of publication and the quality in terms of methods and reporting. RESULTS From the 531 screened studies, 52 met the inclusion criteria and were thus included in the study. The quality of methods and reporting of published genetic association papers on IL1 and chronic periodontitis is moderate. On a scale from 0 to 16, the mean score for methods of the reviewed studies was 8.19 ± 1.93. The items more frequently considered inadequate concerned the handling of confounders in statistical analysis, especially oral hygiene habits, socioeconomic status, subgingival colonization of specific periodontal pathogens, and stress. A significant positive correlation was found between the year of publication and the quality scores in terms of method (r = 0.401, P = 0.003). In terms of reporting, the mean score was 14.83 ± 3.04 on a scale from 0 to 26 and it was considered overall moderate. No statistically significant correlation was found between the year of publication and the quality of reporting (P = 0.266). CONCLUSIONS The association between IL1A -889 and IL1B +3954 polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis is questionable due to methodological inconsistency. Evidence arising from meta-analysis is unreliable due to high risk of bias and moderate quality in terms of reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Citterio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Romano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrarotti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gualini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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17
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Heidari Z, Moudi B, Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb H. Immunomodulatory factors gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis: an overview. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:29. [PMID: 30755190 PMCID: PMC6373099 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic periodontitis (CP), defines as destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth and resorption of the alveolar bone. It is widespread in human populations and represent an important problem for public health. CP results from inflammatory mechanisms created by the interaction between environmental and host genetic factors that confer the individual susceptibility to the disease. AIM The aim of the current study was to explore and summarize some functional biomarkers that are associated with CP susceptibility. METHODS CP is considered to be a multifactorial disease. The pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases is characterized by various biological pathways. The studies revealed that polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to periodontal diseases. In other word, genetic variations can change the development of CP. However, there are some conflicting results, because there are different variations in frequency of some alleles in any populations. Therefore, we conducted the current review to completely understanding the special biomarkers for CP. RESULTS There is some evidence that SNPs in the IL-1α, IL-1β, IL1RN, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β1, IFN-γ and VDR may be associated with CP susceptibility. CONCLUSION In conclusion, numerous studies have reported the host genetic factors associated with CP susceptibility and related traits. Therefore, it is prevail to study the multiple SNPs and their effects to find the useful diagnosis methods. The current study will investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in cytokine genes and the susceptibility to the chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- 0000 0004 0612 8339grid.488433.0Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran ,0000 0004 0612 8339grid.488433.0Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 98167-43175 Iran
| | - Bita Moudi
- 0000 0004 0612 8339grid.488433.0Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran ,0000 0004 0612 8339grid.488433.0Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 98167-43175 Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb
- 0000 0004 0612 8339grid.488433.0Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran ,0000 0004 0612 8339grid.488433.0Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 98167-43175 Iran
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18
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IL-1ß rs1143634 and rs16944 polymorphisms in patients with periodontal disease. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 98:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Ebersole JL, Lambert J, Bush H, Huja PE, Basu A. Serum Nutrient Levels and Aging Effects on Periodontitis. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1986. [PMID: 30558282 PMCID: PMC6316450 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease damages tissues as a result of dysregulated host responses against the chronic bacterial biofilm insult and approximately 50% of US adults >30 years old exhibit periodontitis. The association of five blood nutrients and periodontitis were evaluated due to our previous findings regarding a potential protective effect for these nutrients in periodontal disease derived from the US population sampled as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999⁻2004). Data from over 15,000 subjects was analyzed for blood levels of cis-β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, folate, vitamin D, and vitamin E, linked with analysis of the presence and severity of periodontitis. Moderate/severe disease patients had lower cis-β-carotene levels across all racial/ethnic groups and these decreased levels in moderate/severe periodontitis were exacerbated with age. β-cryptoxanthin demonstrated lower levels in severe disease patients across the entire age range in all racial/ethnic groups. Folate differences were evident across the various age groups with consistently lower levels in periodontitis patients >30 years and most pronounced in females. Lower levels of vitamin D were consistently noted across the entire age range of patients with a greater difference seen in females with periodontitis. Finally, an analytical approach to identify interactions among these nutrients related to age and periodontitis showed interactions of vitamin D in females, and folate with race in the population. These findings suggest that improving specific nutrient intake leading to elevated blood levels of a combination of these protective factors may provide a novel strategy to affect the significant increase in periodontitis that occurs with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane, B221, MS 7425, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA.
| | - Joshua Lambert
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
| | - Heather Bush
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Pinar Emecen Huja
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA.
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20
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Peyyala R, Emecen-Huja P, Ebersole JL. Environmental lead effects on gene expression in oral epithelial cells. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:961-971. [PMID: 30152021 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Host responses in periodontitis span a range of local and emigrating cell types and biomolecules. Accumulating evidence regarding the expression of this disease across the population suggests some component of genetic variation that controls onset and severity of disease, in concert with the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the oral microbiome at sites of disease. However, there remains little information regarding the capacity of accruing environmental stressors or modifiers over a lifespan at both the host genetic and microbial ecology levels to understand fully the population variation in disease. This study evaluated the impact of environmental lead exposure on the responses of oral epithelial cells to challenge with a model pathogenic oral biofilm. METHODS AND RESULTS Using NanoString technology to quantify gene expression profiles of an array of 511 host response-associated genes in the epithelial cells, we identified an interesting primary panel of basal responses of the cells with numerous genes not previously considered as major response markers for epithelial cells, eg, interleukin (IL)-32, CTNNB1, CD59, MIF, CD44 and CD99. Even high levels of environment lead had little effect on these constitutive responses. Challenge of the cells with the biofilms (Streptococcus gordonii/Fusobacterium nucleatum/Porphyromonas gingivalis) resulted in significant increases in an array of host immune-related genes (134 of 511). The greatest magnitude in differential expression was observed with many genes not previously described as major response genes in epithelial cells, including IL-32, CD44, NFKBIA, CTSC, TNFAIP3, IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-8 and CCL20. The effects of environmental lead on responses to the biofilms were mixed, although levels of IL-8, CCL20 and CD70 were significantly decreased at lead concentrations of 1 and/or 5 μmol/L. CONCLUSION The results provided new information on a portfolio of genes expressed by oral epithelial cells, targeted substantial increases in an array of immune-related genes post-biofilm challenge, and a focused impact of environmental lead on these induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Peyyala
- Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Pinar Emecen-Huja
- Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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21
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Association between monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -2518 A/G gene polymorphism and the outcome of the nonsurgical periodontal treatment. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:191-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Gonçalves PF, Harris TH, Elmariah T, Aukhil I, Wallace MR, Shaddox LM. Genetic polymorphisms and periodontal disease in populations of African descent: A review. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:164-173. [PMID: 29105764 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive periodontitis is a rare but rapidly progressing form of periodontal disease that usually affects otherwise systemically healthy individuals, at a young age. It usually affects first molars and incisors, which are usually lost if treatment is not properly and early rendered. Although of low prevalence, it affects individuals of African descent at a higher prevalence, and usually multiple members within the same family. Several studies have been performed in the attempt to evaluate specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that could be associated with this disease. To the best of our knowledge, the present article provides the first review of the literature focusing on studies that evaluated SNPs in patients of African descent with aggressive periodontitis. Several SNPs have been evaluated in different genes according to their role in the pathogenesis of the disease, with positive and negative associations (such as IL1, FCGR3B, FPR1, LTF, CYBA, GLT6D1, TLR4) with both the localized and generalized forms of aggressive periodontitis. Given the complexity of periodontitis, the difficulty in gathering large cohorts diagnosed with this rare form of disease, and the fact that candidate gene studies may only determine part of the genetic risk of a disease, the search for specific SNPs associated with aggressive periodontitis seems to be a long one, most likely to result in the combination of multiple SNPs, in multiple genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Gonçalves
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - T H Harris
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - T Elmariah
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - I Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M R Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - L M Shaddox
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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23
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Jin Y, Liu D, Lin X. IL-35 may maintain homeostasis of the immune microenvironment in periodontitis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5605-5610. [PMID: 29285099 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T lymphocyte cells, including regulatory T (Treg) and T helper 17 cells, have important roles in the human periodontium. However, the basis for Treg cytokine expression in various compartments of the periodontium remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of interleukin (IL)-35 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and periodontal tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), with a view to understanding its role in this disease, and ultimately providing improved treatments. Peripheral blood, periodontal tissues and gingival crevicular fluids (GCFs) were collected from patients with CP or impacted teeth, the latter serving as healthy controls. The expression levels of IL-35 subunit mRNAs in PBMCs and periodontal tissues were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, while the IL-35 protein expression in GCFs and sera was quantified by ELISA. The relative expression of IL-35 subunit mRNAs in the affected tissues of patients with CP was significantly higher compared with that in samples from healthy controls (P<0.05). The mean concentration of IL-35 protein in the GCFs and sera of patients with periodontitis was also significantly higher compared with that in samples from healthy controls (P<0.001). IL-35 protein and periodontal clinical indicators were negatively correlated. It was hypothesized that the increased level of IL-35 plays a protective role in periodontal disease by maintaining immune system homeostasis and dampening the inflammatory response, and highlights IL-35 as a potential new therapy for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Dixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Song J, Zhao H, Pan C, Li C, Liu J, Pan Y. Risk factors of chronic periodontitis on healing response: a multilevel modelling analysis. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2017; 17:135. [PMID: 28915872 PMCID: PMC5603071 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-017-0533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial polygenetic disease with an increasing number of associated factors that have been identified over recent decades. Longitudinal epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that the risk factors were related to the progression of the disease. A traditional multivariate regression model was used to find risk factors associated with chronic periodontitis. However, the approach requirement of standard statistical procedures demands individual independence. Multilevel modelling (MLM) data analysis has widely been used in recent years, regarding thorough hierarchical structuring of the data, decomposing the error terms into different levels, and providing a new analytic method and framework for solving this problem. The purpose of our study is to investigate the relationship of clinical periodontal index and the risk factors in chronic periodontitis through MLM analysis and to identify high-risk individuals in the clinical setting. Methods Fifty-four patients with moderate to severe periodontitis were included. They were treated by means of non-surgical periodontal therapy, and then made follow-up visits regularly at 3, 6, and 12 months after therapy. Each patient answered a questionnaire survey and underwent measurement of clinical periodontal parameters. Results Compared with baseline, probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) improved significantly after non-surgical periodontal therapy with regular follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months after therapy. The null model and variance component models with no independent variables included were initially obtained to investigate the variance of the PD and CAL reductions across all three levels, and they showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), thus establishing that MLM data analysis was necessary. Site-level had effects on PD and CAL reduction; those variables could explain 77–78% of PD reduction and 70–80% of CAL reduction at 3, 6, and 12 months. Other levels only explain 20–30% of PD and CAL reductions. Site-level had the greatest effect on PD and CAL reduction. Conclusions Non-surgical periodontal therapy with regular follow-up visits had a remarkable curative effect. All three levels had a substantial influence on the reduction of PD and CAL. Site-level had the largest effect on PD and CAL reductions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12911-017-0533-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - C Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - C Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Y Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China.
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Ebersole JL, Dawson D, Emecen-Huja P, Nagarajan R, Howard K, Grady ME, Thompson K, Peyyala R, Al-Attar A, Lethbridge K, Kirakodu S, Gonzalez OA. The periodontal war: microbes and immunity. Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:52-115. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wilkins LM, Kaye EK, Wang HY, Rogus J, Doucette-Stamm L, Kornman K, Garcia RI. Influence of Obesity on Periodontitis Progression Is Conditional on Interleukin-1 Inflammatory Genetic Variation. J Periodontol 2017; 88:59-68. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Arora S, Ramachandra SS, Abdullah F, Gundavarapu KC. Interleukin 1β (+3954; -511) Genotype Polymorphism and its Association with Severe Chronic Generalized Periodontitis in the Malaysian Population. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:102-105. [PMID: 28566859 PMCID: PMC5426139 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_1177_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukin 1β (IL-1β) gene have been known to be associated with increased susceptibility to chronic periodontitis among various ethnic populations. SNPs are more commonly observed at loci + 3954 and − 511. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of IL-1β gene polymorphism at loci +3954 and − 511, and its association with severe chronic generalized periodontitis among the ethnic Malay, Chinese, and Indians within the Malaysian population. Materials and Methods: Saliva samples from 120 subjects (60 cases and 60 controls) in the age group of 25–50 years were collected for isolation of genetic material using Norgen technique. Clinical attachment loss of ≥5 mm was considered as severe chronic generalized periodontitis. SNP's at loci +3954 and − 511 were identified and analyzed using Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction Genotyping System (KASP™). Differences in the allele/genotype frequencies were assessed by Chi-square test (P < 0.05). Results: On the comparison between cases and controls of IL-1β genotype polymorphism (+3954 and − 511), the difference in the genotype frequencies was statistically insignificant in all the three ethnicities. The genotype frequency in both groups in all three ethnicities of the Malaysian population was similar. Conclusion: IL-1β genotype polymorphism at +3954 and − 511 was found to be not associated with severe chronic generalized periodontitis among the three ethnicities in Malaysia. Studies with larger sample size should be done to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Arora
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Selangor, Malaysia
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Diehl SR, Kuo F, Hart TC. Interleukin 1 genetic tests provide no support for reduction of preventive dental care. J Am Dent Assoc 2016; 146:164-173.e4. [PMID: 25726343 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proposed that the PST and PerioPredict genetic tests that are based on polymorphisms in interleukin 1 (IL-1) genes identify a subset of patients who experience fewer tooth extractions if provided with 2 annual preventive visits. Economic analyses indicate rationing preventive care to only "high-risk" genotypes, smokers, patients with diabetes, or combinations of these risk factors would reduce the cost of dental care by $4.8 billion annually in the United States. METHODS Data presented in the study that claimed clinical utility for the PST and PerioPredict tests were obtained for reanalysis using logistic regression to assess whether the PST genetic test, smoking, diabetes, or number of preventive visits were risk factors for tooth extraction during a span of 16 years. Consistency of risk classification by the PST (version 1) and PerioPredict (version 2) genetic tests was evaluated in different ethnic groups from the 1000 Genomes database. RESULTS Multivariate analyses revealed association of tooth extraction with diabetes (P < .0001), smoking (P < .0001), and number of preventive visits (P = .004), but no support for the PST genetic test (P = .96) nor indication that the benefit of 2 preventive visits was affected by this genetic test (P = .58). Classification of risk was highly inconsistent between the PST (version 1) and PerioPredict (version 2) genetic tests. CONCLUSIONS Two annual preventive visits were supported as beneficial for all patients, and there was no evidence that the IL-1 PST genetic test has any effect on tooth extraction risk or influences the benefits of 2 annual preventive visits. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Neither IL-1 PST nor PerioPredict genetic tests are useful for rationing preventive dental care. Further research is needed to identify genetic biomarkers with robust clinical validity and clinical utility to effectively personalize the practice of dentistry.
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Abstract
When orthodontic patients desire shorter treatment times with aesthetic results and long-term stability, it is important for the orthodontist to understand the potential limitations and problems that may arise during standard and/or technology-assisted accelerated treatment. Bone density plays an important role in facilitating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), such that reductions in bone density can significantly increase movement velocity. Lifestyle, genetic background, environmental factors, and disease status all can influence a patients' overall health and bone density. In some individuals, these factors may create specific conditions that influence systemic-wide bone metabolism. Both genetic variation and the onset of a bone-related disease can influence systemic bone density and local bone density, such as observed in the mandible and maxilla. These types of localized density changes can affect the rate of OTM and may also influence the risk of unwanted outcomes, i.e., the occurrence of dental external apical root resorption (EARR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
- Department of Orthodontics, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal sn, Phone: +34636705246,
| | - Lorri Ann Morford
- University of Kentucky Center for the Biologic Basis of Oral/Systemic Diseases, 1095 Veterans Administration Drive, HSRB Room 414, Lexington, KY 40536-0305 USA, Phone: 859-323-2595 Fax: 859-257-6566,
| | - James Kennedy Hartsfield
- University of Kentucky Center for the Biologic Basis of Oral/Systemic Diseases, 1095 Veterans Administration Drive, HSRB Room 414, Lexington, KY 40536-0305 USA, Phone: 859-323-0296 Fax: 859-257-6566,
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Sanders AE, Sofer T, Wong Q, Kerr KF, Agler C, Shaffer JR, Beck JD, Offenbacher S, Salazar CR, North KE, Marazita ML, Laurie CC, Singer RH, Cai J, Finlayson TL, Divaris K. Chronic Periodontitis Genome-wide Association Study in the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos. J Dent Res 2016; 96:64-72. [PMID: 27601451 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516664509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis (CP) has a genetic component, particularly its severe forms. Evidence from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) has highlighted several potential novel loci. Here, the authors report the first GWAS of CP among a large community-based sample of Hispanics/Latinos. The authors interrogated a quantitative trait of CP (mean interproximal clinical attachment level determined by full-mouth periodontal examinations) among 10,935 adult participants (mean age: 45 y, range: 18 to 76 y) from the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos. Genotyping was done with a custom Illumina Omni2.5M array, and imputation to approximately 20 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms was based on the 1000 Genomes Project phase 1 reference panel. Analyses were based on linear mixed models adjusting for sex, age, study design features, ancestry, and kinship and employed a conventional P < 5 × 10-8 statistical significance threshold. The authors identified a genome-wide significant association signal in the 1q42.2 locus ( TSNAX-DISC1 noncoding RNA, lead single-nucleotide polymorphism: rs149133391, minor allele [C] frequency = 0.01, P = 7.9 × 10-9) and 4 more loci with suggestive evidence of association ( P < 5 × 10-6): 1q22 (rs13373934), 5p15.33 (rs186066047), 6p22.3 (rs10456847), and 11p15.1 (rs75715012). We tested these loci for replication in independent samples of European-American ( n = 4,402) and African-American ( n = 908) participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. There was no replication among the European Americans; however, the TSNAX-DISC1 locus replicated in the African-American sample (rs149133391, minor allele frequency = 0.02, P = 9.1 × 10-3), while the 1q22 locus was directionally concordant and nominally significant (rs13373934, P = 4.0 × 10-2). This discovery GWAS of interproximal clinical attachment level-a measure of lifetime periodontal tissue destruction-was conducted in a large, community-based sample of Hispanic/Latinos. It identified a genome-wide significant locus that was independently replicated in an African-American population. Identifying this genetic marker offers direction for interrogation in subsequent genomic and experimental studies of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Sanders
- 1 Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T Sofer
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Q Wong
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K F Kerr
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Agler
- 3 Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J R Shaffer
- 4 Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J D Beck
- 1 Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S Offenbacher
- 5 Department of Periodontology and Center for Oral and Systemic Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - C R Salazar
- 6 Department of Epidemiology and Department of Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - K E North
- 7 Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- 4 Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,8 Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,9 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,10 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,11 Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C C Laurie
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R H Singer
- 12 Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J Cai
- 13 Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T L Finlayson
- 14 Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - K Divaris
- 7 Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,15 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Ribeiro MSM, Pacheco RBA, Fischer RG, Macedo JMB. Interaction of IL1B and IL1RN polymorphisms, smoking habit, gender, and ethnicity with aggressive and chronic periodontitis susceptibility. Contemp Clin Dent 2016; 7:349-56. [PMID: 27630500 PMCID: PMC5004549 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.188560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although the interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, associations between IL1 gene cluster polymorphisms and the disease remains unclear. Aims: To investigate the importance of IL1B-511C>T (rs16944), IL1B +3954C>T (rs1143634), and IL1RN intron 2 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) (rs2234663) polymorphisms, individually or in combination, as the risk factors of periodontitis in a Southeastern Brazilian population with a high degree of miscegenation. Subjects and Methods: A total of 145 individuals, with aggressive (aggressive periodontitis [AgP], n = 43) and chronic (chronic periodontitis [CP], n = 52) periodontitis, and controls (n = 50) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (IL1RN intron 2 VNTR) or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) (IL1B-511 C>T and IL1B + 3954C>T) techniques. Statistical Analysis: The independent t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used. The SNPStats program was used for haplotype estimation and multiplicative interaction analyses. Results: The IL1B +3954T allele represented risk for CP (odds ratio [OR] = 2.84), particularly in smokers (OR = 4.43) and females (OR = 6.00). The minor alleles IL1RN*2 and *3 increased the risk of AgP (OR = 2.18), especially the IL1RN*2*2 genotype among white Brazilians (OR = 7.80). Individuals with the combinations of the IL1B + 3954T and IL1RN*2 or *3-containing genotypes were at increased risk of developing CP (OR = 4.50). Considering the three polymorphisms (rs16944, rs1143634, and rs2234663), the haplotypes TC2 and CT1 represented risk for AgP (OR = 3.41) and CP (OR = 6.39), respectively. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the IL1B +3954C>T and IL1RN intron 2 VNTR polymorphisms are potential candidates for genetic biomarkers of periodontitis, particularly in specific groups of individuals.
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Yang J, Zhang Q, Chen M, Wu WZ, Wang R, Liu CJ, Li B, Shi XL, Du HS, Tan HB. Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Risk of Periodontal Diseases in Han Chinese: A Case-Control Study. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:121-6. [PMID: 26753766 PMCID: PMC4716709 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was performed to test the association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) and periodontal disease (PD). Material/Methods This was a case-control study in a comprehensive hospital, including all patients with newly diagnosed PD between 2012 and 2014 as cases and all patients without PD as controls, thorough periodontal examinations. Those who tested positive for HP were examined by means of polymerase chain reaction. Single and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the data using SPSS 19.0 software. Results This case-control study included 212 Han Chinese non-smoking adults. The results indicated that HP-positive status significantly increased the risk of PD (2.63 times higher (odds ratio [OR]=2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.48–4.67). After adjustment for age, sex, level of education, physical exercise, body mass index, and history of alcohol and diabetes mellitus, this association remained significantly (OR=2.82, 95% CI=1.55–5.13). Conclusions PD might be associated with HP infection in adults and HP infection may be a significant and independent risk factor for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Nursing Education, School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Wu-zhou Wu
- Department of Osteological Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Chang-jun Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Administration, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xin-li Shi
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Han-song Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Hua-bing Tan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Acharya A, Koh ML, Kheur S, Watt RM, Jin L, Mattheos N. Salivary IL-1β and red complex bacteria as predictors of the inflammatory status in sub-peri-implant niches of subjects with peri-implant mucositis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2015; 27:662-7. [PMID: 26456524 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Salivary biomarkers may enhance diagnostic sensitivity for peri-implant disease assessment. This study aimed to investigate the association of salivary periodontopathogen count and salivary interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) level with the peri-implant crevicular fluid IL-1β response at peri-implant mucositis (PM) sites among subjects with differing periodontal disease susceptibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-seven partially edentulous subjects having at least one implant with peri-implant mucositis were included: 40 with history of chronic periodontitis (P) and 47 with no history of periodontitis (NP). Salivary IL-1β, peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) IL-1β, and salivary red complex pathogen counts were recorded. Subjects were scored according to a threshold salivary pathogen level of more than 5log (10) counts and assigned a "red complex score." Quartiles of salivary and PICF IL-1β levels were also scored. Area under receiver operating curve (AUC) was computed to predict the highest PICF IL-1β score using salivary biomarker as predictors and age-adjusted logistic regression performed for the significant predictors. RESULTS In the NP group, red complex score (AUC = 0.758 P = 0.010) (odds ratio = 1.377) and salivary IL-1β (AUC = 0.708 P = 0.038) (odds ratio = 2.506) were significant predictors of highest PICF IL-1β quartile score. In the P group, no significant associations were noted. CONCLUSIONS Salivary biomarkers could distinguish the "high" pro-inflammatory responders at PM sites only in subjects without inherent periodontal disease susceptibility. Periodontal susceptibility may impact the immuno-inflammatory response in sub-peri-implant niches of those with peri-implant mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesha Acharya
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Dr D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Mei Leng Koh
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Dr D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Rory M Watt
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Nikos Mattheos
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Zhao H, Li C, Lin L, Pan Y, Wang H, Zhao J, Tan L, Pan C, Song J, Zhang D. Assessment of Alveolar Bone Status in Middle Aged Chinese (40-59 Years) with Chronic Periodontitis--Using CBCT. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139553. [PMID: 26431206 PMCID: PMC4592243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study used con-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to investigate the prevalence and severity of alveolar bone loss in middle-aged (40–59 years) Chinese with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods The study group comprised 145 dentate individuals aged 40 to 59 years residing in China who suffered from chronic periodontitis. CBCT and the application of NNT software were used to examine the level and location of alveolar bone loss. Results The study revealed that 40–59 year old patients with chronic periodontitis had severe bone loss. At 5,286 sites (34.7%), alveolar bone loss was mild; severe alveolar bone loss was found at 5,978 sites (39.2%). A comparison of bone loss in different jaws revealed that the area with the highest degree of bone loss was on the lingual side of the maxillary molar (56.3 ± 7.2%), and that the area with the lowest degree was primarily on the lingual side of the mandibular canine (27.5 ± 6.3%). There was a lower degree of alveolar bone loss in males than females. Differences were observed when comparing the incidence of bone loss between males and females (P < 0.05). Menopause in females and smoking in both genders may affect the level of bone loss. Male smokers experienced a greater degree of bone loss (41.67 ± 5.76%) than male non-smokers (32.95 ± 4.31%). A 42.23 ± 6.34% bone loss was found in menopausal females versus 31.35 ± 3.62% in non-menopausal females. Conclusions The study revealed that different sites and teeth exhibited a diverse degree of bone loss. In middle-aged patients with chronic periodontitis, the highest degrees of bone loss in the incisors, premolars, and molars were on the lingual side, mesial side and lingual side, respectively. Menopause in females and smoking may affect the level of bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Zhao
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: ;
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lisi Tan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunling Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Dosseva-Panova V, Mlachkova A, Popova C. Gene polymorphisms in periodontitis. Overview. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1056230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Counterpoint: Risk factors, including genetic information, add value in stratifying patients for optimal preventive dental care. J Am Dent Assoc 2015; 146:174-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Gölz L, Bayer S, Keilig L, Jäger A, Stark H, Bourauel C, Götz W, Frede S, Winter J, Kraus D. Possible implications of Ni(II) on oral IL-1β-induced inflammatory processes. Dent Mater 2014; 30:1325-35. [PMID: 25447842 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nickel (Ni) is one of the main metal elements in orthodontic and prosthetic devices. Different effects of Ni are described ranging from an induction of local inflammation to allergy and cancerous/mutagenic properties. Inflammatory reactions are frequently observed in the oral cavity, but the interrelationship of Ni with those events is still unknown. Therefore, we focused on the impact of Ni on inflammation in vitro. METHODS In accordance to previous immersion tests of our lab, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) (n=6) were exposed to a pro-inflammatory environment using interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and additionally stimulated with different Ni(II) concentrations (400 and 4000ng/ml). At varying time points the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory as well as matrix degeneration proteins, i.e. MMPs, were analyzed. Furthermore, proliferation assays, wound healing tests and the detection of NF-κB activation were conducted. Unstimulated HGFs served as control. RESULTS Our experiments showed that low clinical average Ni(II) levels did not alter pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly compared to control (p>0.05). Instead, a 10-fold higher dose up-regulated these mediators significantly in a time-dependent manner (p<0.01). This was even more pronounced combining both Ni(II) concentrations with an inflammatory condition (p<0.001), MMP expressions were in line with our findings (p<0.001). The mRNA data were supported by proliferation and wound closure assays (p<0.001). However, the combination of both stimuli induced contradictory results. Analyzing NF-κB activation revealed that our results may be in part attributed to NF-κB. SIGNIFICANCE Our in vitro study implicated that Ni(II) has various modifying effects on IL-1β-induced inflammatory processes depending on the concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Stefan Bayer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Jäger
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Helmut Stark
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Werner Götz
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stilla Frede
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Winter
- Oral Cell Biology Group, Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Kornman KS, Polverini PJ. Clinical application of genetics to guide prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Clin Genet 2014; 86:44-9. [PMID: 24702466 PMCID: PMC4233973 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dental care costs in the United States exceed $100 billion annually. Personalized medicine efforts in dentistry are driven by potentially compelling clinical utility and cost-effectiveness prospects in the major diseases of periodontitis, caries, and oral cancers. This review discusses progress and challenges identifying genetic markers and showing clinical utility in dentistry. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of chronic periodontitis (CP) identified no significant variants, but CDKN2BAS variants on chromosome 9 were significantly associated with aggressive periodontitis. Stratifying patients by interleukin (IL)-1 gene variants, smoking and diabetes differentiated CP prevention outcomes. Dental caries' GWAS identified significant signals in LYZL2, AJAp1, and KPNA4; and efforts are ongoing to identify genetic factors for multiple caries phenotypes. Trials of molecularly targeted therapies are in progress for oral, head, and neck squamous cell carcinomas (OHNSCC) and results have been promising but limited in their effectiveness. Current opportunities and challenges for molecular targeting for OHNSCC are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kornman
- Department of R&D, Interleukin Genetics, Waltham, MA, USA
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