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Tuerhong K, Liu K, Shen D, Zhang Q, Huang Q, Yang M, Huang Z, Wang L, Yang S, Li Y. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental evaluation to explore the complementary therapeutic effect and mechanism of melatonin in periodontitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32494. [PMID: 38948030 PMCID: PMC11209020 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the potential targets for melatonin in the treatment of periodontitis through network pharmacologic analysis and experimental validation via in vivo animal models and in vitro cellular experiments. Materials and methods In this study, we first screened melatonin targets from Pharm Mapper for putative targets, Drug Bank, and TCMSP databases for known targets. Then, disease database was searched and screened for differential expressed genes associated with periodontitis. The intersection of disease and melatonin-related genes yielded potential target genes of melatonin treatment for periodontitis. These target genes were further investigated by protein-protein interaction network and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis. In addition, the interactions between melatonin and key target genes were interrogated by molecular docking simulations. Then, we performed animal studies to validate the therapeutic effect of melatonin by injecting melatonin into the peritoneal cavity of ligation-induced periodontitis (LIP) mice. The effects of melatonin on the predicted target proteins were also analyzed using Western blot and immunofluorescence techniques. Finally, we constructed an in vitro cellular model and validated the direct effect of melatonin on the predicted targets by using qPCR. Results We identified 8 potential target genes by network pharmacology analysis. Enrichment analysis suggests that melatonin may treat periodontitis by inhibiting the expression of three potential targets (MPO, MMP8, and MMP9). Molecular docking results showed that melatonin could effectively bind to MMP8 and MMP9. Subsequently, melatonin was further validated in a mouse LIP model to inhibit the expression of MPO, MMP8, and MMP9 in the periodontal tissue. Finally, we verified the direct effect of melatonin on the mRNA expression of MPO, MMP8, and MMP9 in an in vitro cellular model. Conclusions Through a combination of network pharmacology and experimental validation, this study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of melatonin to treat periodontitis. Our study suggests that MPO, MMP8, and MMP9 as key target genes of melatonin to treat periodontitis. These findings present a more comprehensive basis for further investigation into the mechanisms of pharmacological treatment of periodontitis by melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamoran Tuerhong
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Kehao Liu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Danfeng Shen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Mingcong Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yuzhou Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
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Costa KLD, Abreu LF, Tolomei CB, Eleutério RG, Basting R, Balbinot G, Collares FM, Lopes P, Veiga N, Fernandes GVO, Peruzzo DC. Use of Local Melatonin with Xenogeneic Bone Graft to Treat Critical-Size Bone Defects in Rats with Osteoporosis: A Randomized Study. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:124. [PMID: 38786635 PMCID: PMC11122056 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local administration of melatonin (MLT) on molecular biomarkers and calvaria bone critical defects in female rats with or without osteoporosis, associated or not with a xenogeneic biomaterial. Forty-eight female rats were randomly divided into two groups: (O) ovariectomized and (S) placebo groups. After 45 days of osteoporosis induction, two critical-size defects (5 mm diameter) were created on the calvaria. The groups were subdivided according to the following treatment: (C) Clot, MLT, MLT associated with Bio-Oss® (MLTBO), and Bio-Oss® (BO). After 45 days, the defect samples were collected and processed for microtomography, histomorphometry, and biomolecular analysis (Col-I, BMP-2, and OPN). All animals had one femur harvested to confirm the osteoporosis. Microtomography analysis demonstrated a bone mineral density reduction in the O group. Regarding bone healing, the S group presented greater filling of the defects than the O group; however, in the O group, the defects treated with MLT showed higher mineral filling than the other treatments. There was no difference between the treatments performed in the S group (p = 0.05). Otherwise, O-MLT had neoformed bone higher than in the other groups (p = 0.05). The groups that did not receive biomaterial demonstrated lower levels of Col-I secretion; S-MLT and S-MLTBO presented higher levels of OPN, while O-C presented statistically lower results (p < 0.05); O-BO showed greater BMP-2 secretion (p < 0.05). In the presence of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, MLT treatment increased the newly formed bone area, regulated the inflammatory response, and increased OPN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letícia Furtado Abreu
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Barreto Tolomei
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Rachel Gomes Eleutério
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosanna Basting
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Balbinot
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Laboratory of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-004, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopes
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Nelio Veiga
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A. T. Still University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Daiane Cristina Peruzzo
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
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Jia R, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Hu B, Wang Z, Qiao H. Association between lipid metabolism and periodontitis in obese patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:119. [PMID: 37231396 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the association between clinical periodontal parameters of periodontitis, serum lipid metabolism markers and adipokines' levels in patients with obesity and periodontitis. METHODS A total of 112 patients admitted to Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were included in this study. They were divided into normal body weight group (18.5 < body mass index, BMI < 25, n = 36), overweight group (25 ≤ BMI < 30, n = 38), and obesity group (BMI ≥ 30, n = 38) accordingly. The diagnosis of periodontitis was based on the newest international classification of periodontitis. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements included: plaque index, periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were analyzed for: Interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were measured. Visfatin, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin levels in serum were also measured. RESULTS The ratio of participants without periodontitis was significantly highest in normal weight group, and the proportion of severe periodontitis (stage III and IV) was highest in obesity group. The periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and the inflammatory cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid in obesity group and overweight group were higher than those in normal body weight group. The BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly positive correlated with periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Using a Multivariate logistic regression model, periodontitis correlates to BMI, WHR, serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and adipokines such as visfatin, leptin, and resistin. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is positively correlated with the aggravation of periodontitis. Obesity may aggravate the damage to periodontal tissue by regulating the secretion level of adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Jia
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Wang C, Wang L, Wang X, Cao Z. Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Periodontitis Management: Far More Than Oral Cavity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314541. [PMID: 36498871 PMCID: PMC9739298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis as a highly prevalent chronic infection/inflammatory disease can eventually lead to tooth loss and masticatory dysfunction. It also has a negative impact on general health and largely impairs quality of life. The tissue destruction during periodontitis is mainly caused by the excessive immune-inflammatory response; hence, how to modulate the host's reaction is of profound importance for effective periodontal treatment and tissue protection. Melatonin, as an endogenous hormone exhibiting multiple biological functions such as circadian rhythm regulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation, has been widely used in general healthcare. Notably, the past few years have witnessed increasing evidence for the application of melatonin as an adjunctive approach in the treatment of periodontitis and periodontitis-related systemic comorbidities. The detailed underlying mechanisms and more verification from clinical practice are still lacking, however, and further investigations are highly required. Importantly, it is essential to establish standard guidelines in the near future for the clinical administration of melatonin for periodontal health and general wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence:
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Ashmawy AI, El-Abhar HS, Abdallah DM, Ali MA. Chloroquine modulates the sulforaphane anti-obesity mechanisms in a high-fat diet model: Role of JAK-2/ STAT-3/ SOCS-3 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 927:175066. [PMID: 35643302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical sulforaphane (SFN) has been studied for its potential anti-obesity effect, but neither its molecular targets nor its interaction with the antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) has been fully delineated. Therefore, high-fat diet (HFD) obese rats were randomly allocated into one of five groups and were left untreated or gavaged orally with SFN (0.5 or 1 mg/kg), CQ (5 mg/kg), or their combination (0.5/5 mg/kg) for six successive weeks to assess their potential interaction and the enrolled mechanisms. SFN effectively reduced the HFD-induced weight gain, blood glucose, and serum leptin levels, and improved lipid profile. On the molecular level, SFN inhibited the lipogenesis-related enzymes, namely sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in both liver and visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) of HFD obese rats. SFN also turned off the inflammatory pathway conserved Janus kinase/signaling transducers and activators of transcription/suppressor of cytokine signaling (JAK-2/STAT-3/SOCS-3) in these tissues, as well as the inflammatory markers nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κ) B and interleukin (IL)-22 in serum. In contrast, SFN downregulated the gene expression of microRNA (miR-200a), while significantly increasing the autophagic parameters; viz., beclin-1, autophagy-related protein (ATG)-7, and microtubule-associated protein 2 light chain 3 (LC3-II) in both liver and vWAT. On most of the parameters mentioned above, treatment with CQ solely produced a satisfactory effect and intensified the low dose of SFN in the combination regimen. These findings demonstrated the beneficial effects of using CQ as an add-on anti-obesity medicine to SFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Ashmawy
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mennatallah A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Zeng W, Liu G, Luan Q, Yang C, Li S, Yu X, Su L. B-Cell Deficiency Exacerbates Inflammation and Bone Loss in Ligature-Induced Experimental Periodontitis in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5367-5380. [PMID: 34703274 PMCID: PMC8526950 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s330875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Periodontitis, one of the most prevalent chronic oral infectious diseases in humans, is induced by the breakdown in the balance between the biofilm and host immune system. Previous studies have shown the presence of large numbers of B cells in periodontitis lesions, implicating that B lymphocytes play a predominant role during the pathogenesis of periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate the role of all B cells in the initiation of periodontitis. Methods Experimental periodontitis was induced in B cell-deficient (CD19Cre) mice and wild-type (WT) control mice by 5-0 silk ligation around the maxillary second molar. Four weeks after ligation, alveolar bone loss was determined by micro-computed tomography. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin in periodontal lesions were analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry. Lymphocyte populations in the cervical lymph nodes and spleen and among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results B-cell deficiency resulted in increased severity of alveolar bone loss in mouse experimental periodontitis, which was associated with increased osteoclast activity and upregulated RANKL expression in the periodontal lesions. In addition, gingiva cytokine expression profiles were shifted to T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 in the CD19Cre mice with ligature-induced periodontitis compared with WT mice. In addition, a reduced CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio was observed in the CD19Cre mice. Conclusion B-cell deficiency exacerbates the inflammation and alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced experimental periodontitis in mice, implicating that B cells may overall play a protective role in the initiation of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Zeng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Su
- Center of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM. Melatonin supplementation and anthropometric indicators of obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111399. [PMID: 34626955 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to in vivo and in vitro studies, melatonin appears to be a potential supplement for obesity reduction. The aim of this study was to review the literature on randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of melatonin supplementation on anthropometric indicators of obesity in humans. METHODS We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis in the following databases: Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase. We included studies that evaluated melatonin supplementation's effects, compared with placebo, on anthropometric measures, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, in people ≥18 y of age. This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered on PROSPERO: CRD42021241079. RESULTS Of the 23 studies included, 11 showed significant results from melatonin supplementation on weight loss, BMI, or waist circumference, compared with placebo. In the meta-analysis, melatonin supplementation significantly reduced body weight (standardized mean difference, -0.48; 95% confidence interval, -0.94 to -0.02; P = <0.01; I2 = 92%). Results for BMI and waist circumference were null. The I2 tests were significant for the analyses with significant results. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that melatonin supplementation was responsible for significantly reducing body weight. More studies are needed before melatonin can be recommended for weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Lu X, Yu S, Chen G, Zheng W, Peng J, Huang X, Chen L. Insight into the roles of melatonin in bone tissue and bone‑related diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:82. [PMID: 33760138 PMCID: PMC7979260 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone‑related diseases comprise a large group of common diseases, including fractures, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis (OA), which affect a large number of individuals, particularly the elderly. The progressive destruction and loss of alveolar bone caused by periodontitis is a specific type of bone loss, which has a high incidence and markedly reduces the quality of life of patients. With the existing methods of prevention and treatment, the incidence and mortality of bone‑related diseases are still gradually increasing, creating a significant financial burden to societies worldwide. To prevent the occurrence of bone‑related diseases, delay their progression or reverse the injuries they cause, new alternative or complementary treatments need to be developed. Melatonin exerts numerous physiological effects, including inducing anti‑inflammatory and antioxidative functions, resetting circadian rhythms and promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. Melatonin also participates in the health management of bone and cartilage. In the present review, the potential roles of melatonin in the pathogenesis and progression of bone injury, osteoporosis, OA and periodontitis are summarized. Furthermore, the high efficiency and diversity of the physiological regulatory effects of melatonin are highlighted and the potential benefits of the use of melatonin for the clinical prevention and treatment of bone‑related diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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de Moura E Dias M, Dos Reis SA, da Conceição LL, Sediyama CMNDO, Pereira SS, de Oliveira LL, Gouveia Peluzio MDC, Martinez JA, Milagro FI. Diet-induced obesity in animal models: points to consider and influence on metabolic markers. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:32. [PMID: 33736684 PMCID: PMC7976703 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are a worldwide public health problem. Obesity prevalence has increased considerably, which indicates the need for more studies to better understand these diseases and related complications. Diet induced-obesity (DIO) animal models can reproduce human overweight and obesity, and there are many protocols used to lead to excess fat deposition. So, the purpose of this review was to identify the key points for the induction of obesity through diet, as well as identifying which are the necessary endpoints to be achieved when inducing fat gain. For this, we reviewed the literature in the last 6 years, looking for original articles that aimed to induce obesity through the diet. All articles evaluated should have a control group, in order to verify the results found, and had worked with Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats, or with C57BL-/-6 mice strain. Articles that induced obesity by other methods, such as genetic manipulation, surgery, or drugs were excluded, since our main objective was to identify key points for the induction of obesity through diet. Articles in humans, in cell culture, in non-rodent animals, as well as review articles, articles that did not have obesity induction and book chapters were also excluded. Body weight and fat gain, as well as determinants related to inflammation, hormonal concentration, blood glycemia, lipid profile, and liver health, must be evaluated together to better determination of the development of obesity. In addition, to select the best model in each circumstance, it should be considered that each breed and sex respond differently to diet-induced obesity. The composition of the diet and calorie overconsumption are also relevant to the development of obesity. Finally, it is important that a non-obese control group is included in the experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de La Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA Food), Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermín Ignacio Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de La Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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Stanisic D, Jeremic N, Majumder S, Pushpakumar S, George A, Singh M, Tyagi SC. High Fat Diet Dysbiotic Mechanism of Decreased Gingival Blood Flow. Front Physiol 2021; 12:625780. [PMID: 33746772 PMCID: PMC7965981 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.625780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has a very important role in human health and its influence on the development of numerous diseases is well known. In this study, we investigated the effect of high fat diet (HFD) on the onset of dysbiosis, gingival blood flow decreases, and the periodontal matrix remodeling. We established a dysbiosis model (HFD group) and probiotic model by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) treatment for 12weeks. Fecal samples were collected 24h before mice sacrificing, while short chain fatty acids (SCFA) analysis, DNA extraction, and sequencing for metagenomic analysis were performed afterwards. After sacrificing the animals, we collected periodontal tissues and conducted comprehensive morphological and genetic analyses. While HFD reduced Bacteroidetes, SCFA, and gingival blood flow, this type of diet increased Firmicutes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein, TLR4, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) expression, and also altered markers of bone resorption (OPG and RANKL). However, LGG treatment mitigated these effects. Thus, it was observed that HFD increased molecular remodeling via inflammation, matrix degradation, and functional remodeling and consequently cause reduced gingival blood flow. All of these changes may lead to the alveolar bone loss and the development of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Stanisic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Suravi Majumder
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Akash George
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Suresh C. Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Melatonin and 5-Methoxytryptophol on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Pulpitis in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8884041. [PMID: 33628825 PMCID: PMC7895566 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8884041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the possible therapeutic impacts of two pineal hormones, melatonin and 5-methoxytryptophol (5-MTX), in a rat model of acute pulpitis by analyzing biochemical and histopathological parameters. Methods This research was done using 32 male and female Wistar albino rats with weight between 200 and 250 g. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group (rats without any treatment), acute pulpitis (AP) group, AP+melatonin group, and AP+5-MTX group. In the AP-induced groups, the crowns of the upper left incisors were removed horizontally. Lipopolysaccharide solution was applied to the exposed pulp tissue before the canal orifices were sealed with a temporary filling material. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) and 5-MTX (5 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally. The rats were sacrificed 24 hours after pulp injury, and trunk blood and pulp samples were collected. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-1, and MMP-2 in sera and pulp samples were determined using ELISA assay kits. Results TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-1, and MMP-2 levels in the serum and pulp tissues were considerably higher in the AP group than the control group (p < 0.01‐0.001). In the AP+melatonin and AP+5-MTX groups, TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-1, and MMP-2 levels in the serum and pulp tissues were significantly lower than in the AP group (p < 0.05‐0.001). Conclusions Both melatonin and 5-MTX provided protective effects on acute pulpitis, which indicates they may be promising as a therapeutic strategy for oral disease.
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Effects of melatonin in wound healing of dental pulp and periodontium: Evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 123:105037. [PMID: 33440268 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.105037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Database research has revealed that melatonin has beneficial effects in pulpal and periodontal regeneration. Several studies reported protective effects of melatonin against inflammation in several organs including the heart, brain, and teeth. In addition to inflammation reduction, melatonin has been involved in tissue regeneration and wound healing. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on the effects of melatonin in wound healing of dental pulp and periodontium. This review gives a thorough summary of the possible role of melatonin in wound healing of dental pulp and periodontium in connection with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Any contradictory evidence is also assessed. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for all research articles published before April 2020 with the search terms "melatonin" and "dental pulp". Articles with the search terms "melatonin", "periodontal disease" and "bone" published before October 2019 were also included. Non-English articles were excluded. RESULTS Melatonin has been shown to reduce inflammation, inhibit cell proliferation and regulate differentiation of pulp cells. Melatonin increased odontoblast activities, resulting in the differentiation in the dental pulp. However, melatonin did not initiate differentiation in undifferentiated pulp cells but seemed to have beneficial effects in periodontitis by promoting periodontium's wound healing. CONCLUSION Those findings suggest that melatonin could have beneficial effects on pulpal and periodontal cells under inflammatory conditions. However, discrepancies remain between in vitro and in vivo findings regarding the effect of melatonin on dental pulp and periodontium.
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Maia C, Pinheiro BG, Soares da Silva CC, Cunha RA, Souza-Monteiro D, Martins Ferreira MK, Schmidt TR, de Souza Balbinot G, Collares FM, Martins MD, Lima RR. Prolonged caffeine intake decreases alveolar bone damage induced by binge-like ethanol consumption in adolescent female rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110608. [PMID: 32784050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol consumption has been reported to negatively impact on periodontal disease. In particular, oral cavity disorders occur upon ethanol exposure during adolescence, a life period associated with particular patterns of short and intense ('binge-like') ethanol consumption that is most deleterious to oral health. The hazardous central effects of ethanol have been linked to the overfunction of adenosine receptors, which are antagonized by caffeine, a bioactive substance present in numerous natural nutrients, which can also modify bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine on alveolar bone damage induced by an ethanol binge drinking paradigm during adolescence. Female Wistar rats (35 days old; n = 30) were allocated to six groups: control (vehicle), ethanol (3 g/kg/day; 3 days On-4 days Off challenge), caffeine (10 mg/kg/day), caffeine plus ethanol, SCH58261 (0.1 mg/kg/day, an antagonist of A2A receptors), and SCH58261 plus ethanol. Bone micromorphology and vertical bone loss were analyzed by computed microtomography. Our data showed that ethanol binge drinking reduced alveolar bone quality, with repercussion on alveolar bone size. This ethanol-induced alveolar bone deterioration was abrogated upon treatment with caffeine, but not with SCH58261. This shows that caffeine prevented the periodontal disorder caused by ethanol binge drinking during adolescence, an effect that was not mediated by adenosine A2A receptor blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Maia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Gonçalves Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristiane Soares da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Deiweson Souza-Monteiro
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Tuany Rafaeli Schmidt
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Souza Balbinot
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Frazão DR, Maia CDSF, Chemelo VDS, Monteiro D, Ferreira RDO, Bittencourt LO, Balbinot GDS, Collares FM, Rösing CK, Martins MD, Lima RR. Ethanol binge drinking exposure affects alveolar bone quality and aggravates bone loss in experimentally-induced periodontitis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236161. [PMID: 32730269 PMCID: PMC7392256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of tooth supporting tissues caused by oral biofilms, influenced by environmental and genetic factors, among others. Ethanol consumption has been considered a factor that enhances alveolar bone loss, especially in high doses. The present study aims to investigate the changes promoted by ethanol binge drinking per se or associated with ligature-induced periodontal breakdown on alveolar bone loss. Materials and methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups: control (C), ethanol (3g/kg/day; 3 days On-4 days Off protocol by gavage for 28 days, EtOH), experimental periodontitis (EP) and experimental periodontitis plus ethanol administration (EP+EtOH). On day 14th, periodontitis was induced by ligatures that were placed around the lower first molars. On day 28th, the animals were euthanized and mandibles were submitted to stereomicroscopy for exposed root area analysis and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for the evaluation of alveolar bone loss and microstructural parameters. Results The results revealed that ligature-induced alveolar bone loss is aggravated by ethanol binge drinking compared to controls (1.06 ± 0.10 vs 0.77 ± 0.04; p<0.0001). In addition, binge drinking per se altered the alveolar bone quality and density demonstrating a reduction in trabecular thickness, trabecular number parameter and bone density percentual. Periodontal disorder plus ethanol binge drinking group also demonstrated reduction of the quality of bone measured by trabecular thickness. Conclusions In conclusion, intense and episodic ethanol intake decreased alveolar bone quality in all microstructural parameters analyzed which may be considered a modifying factor of periodontitis, intensifying the already installed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Ribeiro Frazão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz Maia
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavior Pharmacology, Pharmacy Faculty, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Victória dos Santos Chemelo
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Deiweson Monteiro
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Railson de Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Souza Balbinot
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
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Rzepka-Migut B, Paprocka J. Melatonin-Measurement Methods and the Factors Modifying the Results. A Systematic Review of the Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1916. [PMID: 32183489 PMCID: PMC7142625 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin plays an important role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and adaptation to environmental changes. Concentration measurements in bioliquids such as serum/plasma, saliva and urine are widely used to assess peripheral rhythm. The aim of the study was to compare methods and conditions of determinations carried out with the identification of factors potentially affecting the measurements obtained. We have identified a group of modifiable and unmodifiable factors that facilitate data interpretation. Knowledge of modifiers allows you to carefully plan the test protocol and then compare the results. There is no one universal sampling standard, because the choice of method and biofluid depends on the purpose of the study and the research group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Rzepka-Migut
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Pediatrics, St. Queen Jadwiga’s Regional Clinical Hospital No 2 Rzeszów, 35-301 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Justyna Paprocka
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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Lorenzo-Pouso AI, Castelo-Baz P, Pérez-Sayáns M, Lim J, Leira Y. Autophagy in periodontal disease: Evidence from a literature review. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:55-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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