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Demkowicz O, Panayiotou M, Qualter P, Humphrey N. Longitudinal relationships across emotional distress, perceived emotion regulation, and social connections during early adolescence: A developmental cascades investigation. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:562-577. [PMID: 36734229 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Early adolescence is a vulnerable period for emotional distress. Both emotion regulation and social connection to peers and family adults are understood to be associated with distress. However, existing longitudinal work has not explored these constructs jointly in a way that estimates their reciprocal relationships over adolescence. We present a three-wave random-intercepts cross-lagged panel model of reciprocal relationships between emotional distress, perceived emotion regulation, and social connections during early adolescence, among 15,864 participants from education settings in disadvantaged areas of England, over three annual waves (at ages 11/12, 12/13, and 13/14 years). Findings showed that emotional distress and perceived emotion regulation share a negative relationship over time, and that higher perceived emotion regulation predicts greater family connection in the initial stages of early adolescence (from age 11-12 to 12-13 years). Findings also indicated that connection to peers is positively associated with family connection, but also positively predicts slightly greater distress in the later stages of early adolescence (from age 12-13 to 13-14 years). Findings indicate a risk of negative spiral between emotional distress and perceived emotion regulation in early adolescence, and that social connection may not necessarily play the role we might expect in reducing distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Demkowicz
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, UK
| | | | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, UK
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2
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Hernández-Vásquez A, Vargas-Fernández R, Bendezu-Quispe G. Binge drinking and suicidal ideation in Peruvian adolescents: Evidence from a pooled cross-sectional survey. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:321-326. [PMID: 37567347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking and suicidal ideation are public health problems that have consequences on the well-being of Peruvian adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between binge drinking and suicidal ideation in Peruvian adolescents. METHODS A secondary data analysis of the health questionnaire of the Demographic and Family Health Surveys from 2013 to 2019 was performed. The outcome variable was suicidal ideation in the last 14 days, assessed with one of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) questions, while the independent variable was binge drinking in the last 30 days. Generalized linear models of the Poisson family with logarithmic link (crude and adjusted) were used to assess the association of interest. RESULTS Data from a total of 11,609 participants were analyzed. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 8.5 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 7.8-9.2), and that of binge drinking was 5.8 % (95 % CI: 5.2-6.5). An association was found between binge drinking and suicidal ideation in the adjusted analysis (adjusted prevalence ratio: 2.95; 95 % CI: 1.69-3.09). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of the study does not allow for establishing a causal relationship. CONCLUSIONS Between 2013 and 2019, nine out of every 100 Peruvian adolescents had suicidal ideation, and six out of every 100 adolescents had binge drinking. An association was found between both risk behaviors in Peruvian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
| | | | - Guido Bendezu-Quispe
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru.
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Sahoo S, Yadav S, Shamim MA, Nisha S, Sandeep M, Padhi BK, Gandhi AP. Prevalence of suicidal behavior in adolescents in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 86:103661. [PMID: 37321152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal behaviour (SB) in adolescents is an emerging public health issue globally. The present study was undertaken to estimate the overall prevalence of SB among the adolescents (10-19 years of age) in India. DATA SOURCES In this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA), an extensive literature search in PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, Cochrane, and preprint servers (medRxiv, arXiv, bioRxiv, BioRN, ChiRxiv, ChiRN, and SSRN) and assessment of all published articles until 28th February 2023 as per the PROSPERO registration protocol (CRD42023385550), was undertaken. STUDY SELECTION, DATA EXTRACTION, AND SYNTHESIS Studies from India which reported the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicidal plan were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed by risk of bias assessment tool. R version 4.2 was used to conduct all the relevant analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed, and a random effects model for estimating the pooled prevalence of the outcomes was applied. Subgroup analyses were planned based on region, locality (urban/rural) and the study settings (educational institutions/community-based). A meta-regression to analyze the effects of potential moderators on outcomes was done. Sensitivity analyses were planned based on the removal of outliers and poor-quality studies. Publication bias was tested by Doi plot and LFK index. MAIN OUTCOMES Pooled prevalence of suicide attempts, suicide ideations and suicide plans RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were identified as eligible for the systematic review, and 19 studies were identified as eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was estimated to be 11% (95 % CI 7-15); heterogeneity between the studies was high (I2 98 %, p < 0.01). The pooled prevalence of suicidal attempts and suicidal plan was estimated to be 3 % each (95 % CI 2-5); with heterogeneity being high (I2 96 %, p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant variation in suicidal ideation and attempts between different regions of India (South > East > North), and higher prevalence among the educational-institute-based settings and urban areas. CONCLUSION Overall, the prevalence of suicidal behavior among the adolescents in India is high, and they experience all types of suicidal behavior (ideations, plans and attempts).
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shikha Yadav
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Swet Nisha
- Department of Periodontology, Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Bijaya Kumar Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012 India
| | - Aravind P Gandhi
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, India.
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Liu J, Yang L, Zheng Y, Kang C, Wang X, Shi J, Qiu S, Zhao Y, Yu J, Zhao N. Rural-urban differences in prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation in adolescent patients with depression in a large sample of Chinese. J Affect Disord 2023; 322:118-124. [PMID: 36395987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation (SI) is severe comorbidity of depression that has been extensively studied in the past. Residence differences between SI have rarely been systematically studied, especially in parental rearing behavior. This large-scale explored the residence differences in the prevalence and correlation of SI adolescent patients with depression. METHODS A total of 1417 patients with depression were recruited, and their demographic data and clinical data were collected. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran (EMBU) scale were used to assess depression, and parental rearing behavior, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in urban patients than in rural patients (43.7 % vs.37.7 %, P < 0.05). Patients with SI scored higher on total CDI scores, parental punishment, parental rejection, and paternal overprotection compared to their respective patients without SI. In the urban group, patients with SI had lower parental emotional warmth scores and higher parental intervention scores compared to patients without SI. Logistic regression analysis showed that total CDI score, gender, alcohol consumption, father's emotional warmth, father's rejection, and mother's intervention were significantly associated with SI in urban patients (P < 0.05); total CDI score and mother's rejection were significantly associated with SI in rural patients (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS No causal relationship could be drawn due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed significant residential differences in risk and associated factors for SI among adolescents with depression. Focusing on the parenting styles of adolescent patients can help with the early identification and intervention of SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liying Yang
- Dalian Seventh People's Hospital (Dalian Mental Health Center), Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyi Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Siyu Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiahong Yu
- Dalian Seventh People's Hospital (Dalian Mental Health Center), Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Comparisons of mental health symptoms, treatment access, and self-harm behaviors in rural adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 32:1051-1060. [PMID: 35817947 PMCID: PMC9273705 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the lives of adolescents worldwide, and research on the mental health effects are ongoing. Adolescents living in rural areas of the United States were already known to be at a disadvantage in terms of access to mental health services, as well as elevated rates of mental health concerns and self-harm risk. Research on how these factors may have changed since the pandemic began is needed to better understand which areas saw the biggest impact and where we can best direct resources to assist youth. Data from the current study were taken from a project examining adolescent mental health and self-harm risk. The pandemic disrupted the timeline for the study resulting in data being collected in two separate waves: before (n = 695) and after (n = 206) the pandemic began. Comparisons were made between these two samples on multiple factors including depression, anxiety, emotion dysregulation, alcohol and substance use, experiencing of bullying, overall impairment, mental health services access, and self-harm. Results indicated that adolescents in the pandemic sample were more likely to have seen a counselor and been hospitalized for a mental health reason, and were more likely to have experienced past-year suicide thoughts and plans than adolescents in the pre-pandemic sample. The pandemic sample also showed more depression and anxiety symptoms, greater emotion dysregulation, and greater intensity of recent suicide ideation. Implications for assisting youth through post-pandemic times are discussed.
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Shahram SZ, Smith ML, Ben‐David S, Feddersen M, Kemp TE, Plamondon K. Promoting "Zest for Life": A Systematic Literature Review of Resiliency Factors to Prevent Youth Suicide. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:4-24. [PMID: 33665921 PMCID: PMC7986824 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth globally. In this critical interpretive synthesis, we examined literature on resiliency factors and suicidality. Systematic searches identified 474 articles, 37 of which were included. Results revealed internal (positive self-appraisal, zest for life, personal traits, and coping skills) and external factors (social support system and inclusive environments) contribute to resilience among youth, with age, sex and gender, and Indigenous identity as important intersecting considerations. Findings validated fostering resilience as primary suicide prevention among youth, with little explanation for how these factors may work to protect youth from suicidality. Continued research in this area requires a focus on how to promote resilience at the community and systems levels.
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Florez IA, Au J, Morrisette N, Lamis DA. Risk factors for suicide attempts among rural youth with a history of suicidal ideation. DEATH STUDIES 2019; 46:773-779. [PMID: 31847784 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2019.1701147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Youths in rural areas have approximately double the risk for suicide than do urban youth. This study analyzed data from 580 youth aged 10 to 17-years-old who endorsed lifetime suicidal ideation on intake at three large rural behavioral health centers. Results indicated that a five-factor model including older age, number of inpatient hospitalizations, gender (female), impaired legal functioning, and higher impulsivity accounted for the most variance in differentiation between ideators and attempters. These results advance our assessment of rural youth who may be at increased risk for a suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Andrea Florez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Josephine Au
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nova Morrisette
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Sabic H, Kious B, Boxer D, Fitzgerald C, Riley C, Scholl L, McGlade E, Yurgelun-Todd D, Renshaw PF, Kondo DG. Effect of Altitude on Veteran Suicide Rates. High Alt Med Biol 2019; 20:171-177. [PMID: 31045435 PMCID: PMC6602111 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2018.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Suicide rates in the general population in the United States are correlated with altitude. To explore factors contributing to suicide among military veterans, we examined the relationship between veteran state-level suicide rates and altitude for 2014, including firearm-related and nonfirearm-related rates. Methods: Pearson's coefficients were calculated for altitude and each outcome. Mixed linear models were used to determine the association between suicide and altitude while adjusting for demographic confounds. Results: State mean altitude was significantly correlated with total veteran suicide rate (r = 0.678, p < 0.0001), veteran firearm-related suicide rate (r = 0.578, p < 0.0001), and veteran nonfirearm suicide rate (r = 0.609, p < 0.0001). In mixed models, altitude was significantly correlated with total veteran suicide rate (β = 0.331, p < 0.05), veteran firearm suicides (β = 0.282, p < 0.05), and veteran nonfirearm suicides (β = 0.393, p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study adds to evidence linking altitude and suicide rates, arguing for additional research into the relationship between altitude and suicide among veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Sabic
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brent Kious
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Danielle Boxer
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Colin Riley
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lindsay Scholl
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Erin McGlade
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Veterans Integrated Service Network 19 Mental Illness Research Education Clinical, Centers of Excellence, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Veterans Integrated Service Network 19 Mental Illness Research Education Clinical, Centers of Excellence, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Perry F. Renshaw
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Veterans Integrated Service Network 19 Mental Illness Research Education Clinical, Centers of Excellence, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Douglas G. Kondo
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Goldman-Mellor S, Allen K, Kaplan MS. Rural/Urban Disparities in Adolescent Nonfatal Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt: A Population-Based Study. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2018; 48:709-719. [PMID: 28940747 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent suicide rates exhibit stark geographic disparities, with rates highest in rural areas. The causes of this disparity remain unclear. We investigated whether adolescent nonfatal suicidal ideation and attempt-leading risk factors for suicide-demonstrate the same rural/urban disparity. Using adolescent data from the 2011-2014 waves of the population-representative California Health Interview Survey (CHIS; N = 4,616), we estimated associations between residence in a rural area and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, as well as access to psychological care. Survey-weighted logistic regression models controlled for individual- and family-level covariates. Results showed that rural adolescents were, compared to urban adolescents, substantially less likely to report recent suicidal ideation (OR = 0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10, 0.61) and suicide attempt (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.66). Suicidal youths in rural and urban areas were equally likely, however, to report receiving psychological care. In this study, rural adolescents in California reported lower rates of nonfatal suicidal behavior compared to urban peers. This pattern contrasts with rates of adolescent suicide fatality, which are higher in rural areas. Results suggest that reducing geographic disparities in youth suicide may require multifaceted public health approaches, in addition to better identification and treatment for high-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Goldman-Mellor
- Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Allen
- Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Mark S Kaplan
- Department of Social Welfare, Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Sohn M, Oh H, Lee SK, Potenza MN. Suicidal Ideation and Related Factors Among Korean High School Students: A Focus on Cyber Addiction and School Bullying. J Sch Nurs 2017; 34:310-318. [PMID: 28992754 DOI: 10.1177/1059840517734290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the association among suicidal ideation, cyber addiction, and school bullying of Korean high school students. This descriptive cross-sectional study included 416 students. The data were collected using structured questionnaires on suicidal ideation, Internet and smartphone addiction, experiences of school bullying, impulsiveness, and depression. Students who were bullied (odds ratio [ OR] = 3.0, 95% CI [1.1, 8.4]) and more depressed ( OR = 10.8, 95% CI [2.4, 48.2]) were more likely to have higher scores for suicidal ideation; however, when a lower stringency was used, female gender ( OR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.3, 4.0]) and addiction to smartphones ( OR = 2.4, 95% CI [1.1, 5.4]) were also statistically significant contributors to the presence of suicidal ideation. Students with suicidal ideation that is higher than average, but lower than the classical thresholds for risk group designation, should also be carefully assessed for early detection and intervention. Cyber addiction may be a particularly significant contributor to suicidal ideation, in addition to bullying and depressive mood, among Korean adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sohn
- 1 Department of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Heymin Oh
- 1 Department of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea.,3 Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,4 Department of Neuroscience and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,5 National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,6 The Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
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Davaasambuu S, Batbaatar S, Witte S, Hamid P, Oquendo MA, Kleinman M, Olivares M, Gould M. Suicidal Plans and Attempts Among Adolescents in Mongolia. CRISIS 2017; 38:330-343. [PMID: 28228061 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although 75% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries, few studies have examined suicidal behaviors among young people in these countries. AIMS This study aimed to examine what individual characteristics were associated with suicidal plans and attempts among Mongolian youth and whether suicidal risks and behaviors varied by urban and rural locations. METHOD Logistic regression analyses were utilized to investigate suicidal plans and attempts among 5,393 adolescents using the Global Student Health Survey - 2013. RESULTS Adolescents who lived in urban areas were at higher risk for suicidal plans and behaviors than those who lived in rural areas; however, the patterns of suicidal risks were similar. Specifically, individual characteristics, such as being female, feeling lonely and worried, smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, and having fights at school, were associated with suicidal plans and behaviors regardless of the residential places. LIMITATIONS A number of important variables have not been included in the questionnaire such as depression, family and parental support, household income, family constructs etc. CONCLUSION Given the comparable patterns of risk between urban and rural adolescents and the relatively high rates of suicidal plans and attempts, similar mental health services and interventions are necessitated for both urban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarantsetseg Davaasambuu
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suvd Batbaatar
- 2 Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Susan Witte
- 3 School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phillip Hamid
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria A Oquendo
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,4 Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,5 Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marjorie Kleinman
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Olivares
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madelyn Gould
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Osborne NJ, Cairns R, Dawson AH, Chitty KM, Buckley NA. Epidemiology of coronial deaths from pesticide ingestion in Australia. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:478-484. [PMID: 28238609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides in Australia are tightly regulated but it is unknown how this may affect the distribution of misuse and self-harm across Australia, both spatially and within subgroups in the population. We performed an observational study to examine spatial differences in suicide/deliberate poisonings with pesticides in Australia. We examined Coronial inquest cases of self-harm by pesticide ingestion for the years 2001-2013 (n=209). Coronial cases were older, more likely to be male, have lower SES status and live in outer regional areas as opposed to cities when compared to the general population. Case densities (cases/100,000 population) were lower in large capital cities and higher in agricultural areas: despite this half the cases occurred in major cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Osborne
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 Australia; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Rose Cairns
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 Australia; New South Wales Poison Information Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew H Dawson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 Australia; New South Wales Poison Information Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate M Chitty
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 Australia
| | - Nicholas A Buckley
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 Australia; New South Wales Poison Information Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, NSW, Australia
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13
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Santini ZI, Koyanagi A, Tyrovolas S, Haro JM. The association of relationship quality and social networks with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among older married adults: Findings from a cross-sectional analysis of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). J Affect Disord 2015; 179:134-41. [PMID: 25863909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Important associations have been found between social relationships and various mental health outcomes. However, limited data exists for these associations among older adults especially in terms of relationship quality in partnerships. This study aimed to examine the associations of positive and negative partner interactions and social networks with depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation. METHODS Nationally-representative, cross-sectional data of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) was analyzed. The analytical sample consisted of 4988 community dwelling adults aged >50 years in spouse/partner relationships. Information on sociodemographics and social relationships were assessed using standard questions. Validated scales for depression and anxiety, and a single-item question for suicidal ideation were used to assess mental health outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between social relationships and depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, negative partner interactions were significantly associated with increased likelihood of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, while positive partner interactions were significantly and inversely related to anxiety and suicidal ideation. Higher levels of social integration were significantly associated with lower odds for depression. LIMITATIONS Given the cross-sectional nature of the research, no firm conclusions can be made in terms of directions of causality. CONCLUSION By assessing the available social network of older adults, as well as the areas in their social relationships that need to be addressed, it may be possible for practitioners and policy makers to maximize the benefits of network integration and minimize the potentially harmful aspects of social relationships, thereby improving overall mental health and emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziggi Ivan Santini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain
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Choi KH, Kim DH. Trend of Suicide Rates According to Urbanity among Adolescents by Gender and Suicide Method in Korea, 1997-2012. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:5129-42. [PMID: 25985313 PMCID: PMC4454959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120505129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to quantifiably evaluate the trend of the suicide rate among Korean adolescents from 1997 to 2012 according to urbanity. We used national death certificates and registration population data by administrative district for 15–19 years-old adolescents. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were estimated by the Joinpoint Regression Program. The suicide rate in the rural areas was higher than that in the urban areas in both genders (males (/100,000), 12.2 vs. 8.5; females (/100,000), 10.2 vs. 7.4 in 2012). However, the trend significantly increased only in the urban area (AAPC [95% CI]: males 2.6 [0.7, 4.6], females 3.3 [1.4, 5.2]). In urban areas, the suicide rate by jumping significantly increased in both genders (AAPC [95% CI]: males, 6.7 [4.3, 9.1]; females, 4.5 [3.0, 6.1]). In rural areas, the rate by self-poisoning significantly decreased by 7.9% per year for males (95% CI: −12.5, −3.0) and the rate by hanging significantly increased by 10.1% per year for females (95% CI: 2.6, 18.2). The trend and methods of suicide differ according to urbanity; therefore, a suicide prevention policy based on urbanity needs to be established for adolescents in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea.
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea.
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