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Delaux PM, Gutjahr C. Evolution of small molecule-mediated regulation of arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230369. [PMID: 39343030 PMCID: PMC11439497 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis formed by most extant land plants with symbiotic fungi evolved 450 Ma. AM promotes plant growth by improving mineral nutrient and water uptake, while the symbiotic fungi obtain carbon in return. A number of plant genes regulating the steps leading to an efficient symbiosis have been identified; however, our understanding of the metabolic processes involved in the symbiosis and how they were wired to symbiosis regulation during plant evolution remains limited. Among them, the exchange of chemical signals, the activation of dedicated biosynthesis pathways and the production of secondary metabolites regulating late stages of the AM symbiosis begin to be well described across several land plant clades. Here, we review our current understanding of these processes and propose future directions to fully grasp the phylogenetic distribution and role played by small molecules during this ancient plant symbiosis. This article is part of the theme issue 'The evolution of plant metabolism'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Marc Delaux
- LRSV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Caroline Gutjahr
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam Science Park, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm14476, Germany
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2
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Gonnami M, Tominaga T, Isowa Y, Takashima S, Takeda N, Miura C, Takagi M, Egusa M, Mine A, Ifuku S, Kaminaka H. Chitin nanofibers promote rhizobial symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Lotus japonicus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134910. [PMID: 39173792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Chitin, an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine polymer, has multiple functions in living organisms, including the induction of disease resistance and growth promotion in plants. In addition, chitin oligosaccharides (COs) are used as the backbone of the signaling molecule Nod factor secreted by soil bacteria rhizobia to establish a mutual symbiosis with leguminous plants. Nod factor perception triggers host plant responses for rhizobial symbiosis. In this study, the effects of chitins on rhizobial symbiosis were examined in the leguminous plants Lotus japonicus and soybean. Chitin nanofiber (CNF), retained with polymeric structures, and COs elicited calcium spiking in L. japonicus roots expressing a nuclear-localized cameleon reporter. Shoot growth and symbiotic nitrogen fixation were significantly increased by CNF but not COs in L.japonicus and soybean. However, treatments with chitin and cellulose nanofiber, structurally similar polymers to CNF, did not affect shoot growth and nitrogen fixation in L.japonicus. Transcriptome analysis also supported the specific effects of CNF on rhizobial symbiosis in L.japonicus. Although chitins comprise the same monosaccharides and nanofibers share similar physical properties, only CNF can promote rhizobial nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants. Taking the advantages on physical properties, CNF could be a promising material for improving legume yield by enhancing rhizobial symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamu Gonnami
- Department of Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Sustainable Science, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Takaya Tominaga
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yukiko Isowa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Sarasa Takashima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Naoya Takeda
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Momoko Takagi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Mayumi Egusa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Akira Mine
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; Unused Bioresource Utilization Center, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaminaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; Unused Bioresource Utilization Center, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
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Naseer MA, Zhang ZQ, Mukhtar A, Asad MS, Wu HY, Yang H, Zhou XB. Strigolactones: A promising tool for nutrient acquisition through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis and abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109057. [PMID: 39173365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) constitute essential phytohormones that control pathogen defense, resilience to phosphate deficiency and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, SLs are released into the soil by roots, especially in conditions in which there is inadequate phosphate or nitrogen available. SLs have the aptitude to stimulate the root parasite plants and symbiotic cooperation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in rhizosphere. The use of mineral resources, especially phosphorus (P), by host plants is accelerated by AMF, which also improves plant growth and resilience to a series of biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, these SL treatments that promote rhizobial symbiosis are substitutes for artificial fertilizers and other chemicals, supporting ecologically friendly farming practices. Moreover, SLs have become a fascinating target for abiotic stress adaptation in plants, with an array of uses in sustainable agriculture. In this review, the biological activity has been summarized that SLs as a signaling hormone for AMF symbiosis, nutrient acquisition, and abiotic stress tolerance through interaction with other hormones. Furthermore, the processes behind the alterations in the microbial population caused by SL are clarified, emphasizing the interplay with other signaling mechanisms. This review covers the latest developments in SL studies as well as the properties of SLs on microbial populations, plant hormone transductions, interactions and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asad Naseer
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhi Qin Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ahmed Mukhtar
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | | | - Hai Yan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Xun Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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He J, Huang R, Xie X. A gap in the recognition of two mycorrhizal factors: new insights into two LysM-type mycorrhizal receptors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1418699. [PMID: 39372858 PMCID: PMC11452846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1418699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are crucial components of the plant microbiota and can form symbioses with 72% of land plants. Researchers have long known that AM symbioses have dramatic effects on plant performance and also provide multiple ecological services in terrestrial environments. The successful establishment of AM symbioses relies on the host plant recognition of the diffusible mycorrhizal (Myc) factors, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) and chitooligosaccharides (COs). Among them, the short-chain COs such as CO4/5 secreted by AM fungi are the major Myc factors in COs. In this review, we summarize current advances, develop the concept of mycorrhizal biceptor complex (double receptor complexes for Myc-LCOs and CO4/5 in the same plant), and provide a perspective on the future development of mycorrhizal receptors. First, we focus on the distinct perception of two Myc factors by different host plant species, highlighting the essential role of Lysin-Motif (LysM)-type mycorrhizal receptors in perceiving them. Second, we propose the underlying molecular mechanisms by which LysM-type mycorrhizal receptors in various plants recognize both the Myc-LCOs and -COs. Finally, we explore future prospects for studies on the biceptor complex (Myc-LCO and -CO receptors) in dicots to facilitate the utilization of them in cereal crops (particularly in modern cultivated rice). In conclusion, our understanding of the precise perception processes during host plant interacting with AM fungi, where LysM-type mycorrhizal receptors act as recruiters, provides the tools to design biotechnological applications addressing agricultural challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renliang Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice, Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Somoza SC, Bonfante P, Giovannetti M. Breaking barriers: improving time and space resolution of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with single-cell sequencing approaches. Biol Direct 2024; 19:67. [PMID: 39154166 PMCID: PMC11330620 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell and molecular bases of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, a crucial plant-fungal interaction for nutrient acquisition, have been extensively investigated by coupling traditional RNA sequencing techniques of roots sampled in bulk, with methods to capture subsets of cells such as laser microdissection. These approaches have revealed central regulators of this complex relationship, yet the requisite level of detail to effectively untangle the intricacies of temporal and spatial development remains elusive.The recent adoption of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) techniques in plant research is revolutionizing our ability to dissect the intricate transcriptional profiles of plant-microbe interactions, offering unparalleled insights into the diversity and dynamics of individual cells during symbiosis. The isolation of plant cells is particularly challenging due to the presence of cell walls, leading plant researchers to widely adopt nuclei isolation methods. Despite the increased resolution that single-cell analyses offer, it also comes at the cost of spatial perspective, hence, it is necessary the integration of these approaches with spatial transcriptomics to obtain a comprehensive overview.To date, few single-cell studies on plant-microbe interactions have been published, most of which provide high-resolution cell atlases that will become crucial for fully deciphering symbiotic interactions and addressing future questions. In AM symbiosis research, key processes such as the mutual recognition of partners during arbuscule development within cortical cells, or arbuscule senescence and degeneration, remain poorly understood, and these advancements are expected to shed light on these processes and contribute to a deeper understanding of this plant-fungal interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Marco Giovannetti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, 10125, Italy.
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Meresa BK, Ayimut KM, Weldemichael MY, Geberemedhin KH, Kassegn HH, Geberemikael BA, Egigu EM. Carbohydrate elicitor-induced plant immunity: Advances and prospects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34871. [PMID: 39157329 PMCID: PMC11327524 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The perceived negative impacts of synthetic agrochemicals gave way to alternative, biological plant protection strategies. The deployment of induced resistance, comprising boosting the natural defense responses of plants, is one of those. Plants developed multi-component defense mechanisms to defend themselves against biotic and abiotic stresses. These are activated upon recognition of stress signatures via membrane-localized receptors. The induced immune responses enable plants to tolerate and limit the impact of stresses. A systemic cascade of signals enables plants to prime un-damaged tissues, which is crucial during secondary encounters with stress. Comparable stress tolerance mechanisms can be induced in plants by the application of carbohydrate elicitors such as chitin/chitosan, β-1,3-glucans, oligogalacturonides, cellodextrins, xyloglucans, alginates, ulvans, and carrageenans. Treating plants with carbohydrate-derived elicitors enable the plants to develop resistance appliances against diverse stresses. Some carbohydrates are also known to have been involved in promoting symbiotic signaling. Here, we review recent progresses on plant resistance elicitation effect of various carbohydrate elicitors and the molecular mechanisms of plant cell perception, cascade signals, and responses to cascaded cues. Besides, the molecular mechanisms used by plants to distinguish carbohydrate-induced immunity signals from symbiotic signals are discussed. The structure-activity relationships of the carbohydrate elicitors are also described. Furthermore, we forwarded future research outlooks that might increase the utilization of carbohydrate elicitors in agriculture in order to improve the efficacy of plant protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhanu Kahsay Meresa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Kiros-Meles Ayimut
- Department of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Micheale Yifter Weldemichael
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Kalayou Hiluf Geberemedhin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Hagos Hailu Kassegn
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Bruh Asmelash Geberemikael
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Etsay Mesele Egigu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
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Ding Y, Wang T, Gasciolli V, Reyt G, Remblière C, Marcel F, François T, Bendahmane A, He G, Bono JJ, Lefebvre B. The LysM Receptor-Like Kinase SlLYK10 Controls Lipochitooligosaccharide Signaling in Inner Cell Layers of Tomato Roots. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:1149-1159. [PMID: 38581668 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza relies on a plant signaling pathway that can be activated by fungal chitinic signals such as short-chain chitooligosaccharides and lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs). The tomato LysM receptor-like kinase SlLYK10 has high affinity for LCOs and is involved in root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF); however, its role in LCO responses has not yet been studied. Here, we show that SlLYK10 proteins produced by the Sllyk10-1 and Sllyk10-2 mutant alleles, which both cause decreases in AMF colonization and carry mutations in LysM1 and 2, respectively, have similar LCO-binding affinities compared to the WT SlLYK10. However, the mutant forms were no longer able to induce cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana when co-expressed with MtLYK3, a Medicago truncatula LCO co-receptor, while they physically interacted with MtLYK3 in co-purification experiments. This suggests that the LysM mutations affect the ability of SlLYK10 to trigger signaling through a potential co-receptor rather than its ability to bind LCOs. Interestingly, tomato lines that contain a calcium (Ca2+) concentration reporter [genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators (GECO)], showed Ca2+ spiking in response to LCO applications, but this occurred only in inner cell layers of the roots, while short-chain chitooligosaccharides also induced Ca2+ spiking in the epidermis. Moreover, LCO-induced Ca2+ spiking was decreased in Sllyk10-1*GECO plants, suggesting that the decrease in AMF colonization in Sllyk10-1 is due to abnormal LCO signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Tongming Wang
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Virginie Gasciolli
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Guilhem Reyt
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Céline Remblière
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Fabien Marcel
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Gif sur Yvette 91190, France
| | - Tracy François
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Gif sur Yvette 91190, France
| | - Abdelhafid Bendahmane
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Gif sur Yvette 91190, France
| | - Guanghua He
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jean Jacques Bono
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Benoit Lefebvre
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
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Fukuda H, Mamiya R, Akamatsu A, Takeda N. Two LysM receptor-like kinases regulate arbuscular mycorrhiza through distinct signaling pathways in Lotus japonicus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:519-525. [PMID: 38796729 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukuda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Rin Mamiya
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Akira Akamatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Naoya Takeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
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Luo X, Jiang J, Zhou J, Chen J, Cheng B, Li X. MyC Factor Analogue CO5 Promotes the Growth of Lotus japonicus and Enhances Stress Resistance by Activating the Expression of Relevant Genes. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:458. [PMID: 39057343 PMCID: PMC11278419 DOI: 10.3390/jof10070458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The symbiotic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plants is well known for its benefits in enhancing plant growth and stress resistance. Research on whether key components of the AMF colonization process, such as MyC factors, can be directly utilized to activate plant symbiotic pathways and key functional gene expression is still lacking. In this paper, we found that, using a hydroponics system with Lotus japonicus, MyC factor analogue chitin oligomer 5 (CO5) had a more pronounced growth-promoting effect compared to symbiosis with AMF at the optimal concentration. Additionally, CO5 significantly enhanced the resistance of Lotus japonicus to various environmental stresses. The addition of CO5 activated symbiosis, nutrient absorption, and stress-related signaling pathways, like AMF symbiosis, and CO5 also activated a higher and more extensive gene expression profile compared to AMF colonization. Overall, the study demonstrated that the addition of MyC factor analogue CO5, by activating relevant pathways, had a superior effect on promoting plant growth and enhancing stress resistance compared to colonization by AMF. These findings suggest that utilizing MyC factor analogues like CO5 could be a promising alternative to traditional AMF colonization methods in enhancing plant growth and stress tolerance in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Luo
- Schools of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.L.); (J.J.); (J.Z.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jiaqing Jiang
- Schools of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.L.); (J.J.); (J.Z.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Schools of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.L.); (J.J.); (J.Z.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Schools of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.L.); (J.J.); (J.Z.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- Schools of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.L.); (J.J.); (J.Z.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Schools of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.L.); (J.J.); (J.Z.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Daignan-Fornier S, Keita A, Boyer FD. Chemistry of Strigolactones, Key Players in Plant Communication. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400133. [PMID: 38607659 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Today, the use of artificial pesticides is questionable and the adaptation to global warming is a necessity. The promotion of favorable natural interactions in the rhizosphere offers interesting perspectives for changing the type of agriculture. Strigolactones (SLs), the latest class of phytohormones to be discovered, are also chemical mediators in the rhizosphere. We present in this review the diversity of natural SLs, their analogs, mimics, and probes essential for the biological studies of this class of compounds. Their biosynthesis and access by organic synthesis are highlighted especially concerning noncanonical SLs, the more recently discovered natural SLs. Organic synthesis of analogs, stable isotope-labeled standards, mimics, and probes are also reviewed here. In the last part, the knowledge about the SL perception is described as well as the different inhibitors of SL receptors that have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Daignan-Fornier
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoinette Keita
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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11
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Wang P, Zhong Y, Li Y, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Li J, Chen Z, Limpens E. The phosphate starvation response regulator PHR2 antagonizes arbuscule maintenance in Medicago. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 38803107 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Phosphate starvation response (PHR) transcription factors play essential roles in regulating phosphate uptake in plants through binding to the P1BS cis-element in the promoter of phosphate starvation response genes. Recently, PHRs were also shown to positively regulate arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in rice and lotus by controlling the expression of many symbiotic genes. However, their role in arbuscule development has remained unclear. In Medicago, we previously showed that arbuscule degradation is controlled by two SPX proteins that are highly expressed in arbuscule-containing cells. Since SPX proteins bind to PHRs and repress their activity in a phosphate-dependent manner, we investigated whether arbuscule maintenance is also regulated by PHR. Here, we show that PHR2 is a major regulator of the phosphate starvation response in Medicago. Knockout of phr2 showed reduced phosphate starvation response, symbiotic gene expression, and fungal colonization levels. However, the arbuscules that formed showed less degradation, suggesting a negative role for PHR2 in arbuscule maintenance. This was supported by the observation that overexpression of PHR2 led to enhanced degradation of arbuscules. Although many arbuscule-induced genes contain P1BS elements in their promoters, we found that the P1BS cis-elements in the promoter of the symbiotic phosphate transporter PT4 are not required for arbuscule-containing cell expression. Since both PHR2 and SPX1/3 negatively affect arbuscule maintenance, our results indicate that they control arbuscule maintenance partly via different mechanisms. While PHR2 potentiates symbiotic gene expression and colonization, its activity in arbuscule-containing cells needs to be tightly controlled to maintain a successful symbiosis in Medicago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Cluster of Plant Developmental Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, 6708 PB, the Netherlands
| | - Yanan Zhong
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Wenqian Zhu
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yuexuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zuohong Chen
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Erik Limpens
- Cluster of Plant Developmental Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, 6708 PB, the Netherlands
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12
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Giovannetti M, Genre A. Plant-fungus symbiosis: One receptor to switch on the green light. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R507-R509. [PMID: 38772340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza, an ancient symbiosis with soil fungi, support mineral nutrition in most plants. How roots recognize such symbiotic fungi has long been debated. Recent research identifies a Medicago truncatula receptor as a key player in triggering symbiont accommodation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giovannetti
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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13
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Giovannetti M, Binci F, Navazio L, Genre A. Fungal signals and calcium-mediated transduction pathways along the plant defence-symbiosis continuum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1404-1407. [PMID: 38659109 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This article is a Commentary on Giovannetti et al., 241: 1393–1400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giovannetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Binci
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorella Navazio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
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14
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Zhang J, Sun J, Chiu CH, Landry D, Li K, Wen J, Mysore KS, Fort S, Lefebvre B, Oldroyd GED, Feng F. A receptor required for chitin perception facilitates arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and distinguishes root symbiosis from immunity. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1705-1717.e6. [PMID: 38574729 PMCID: PMC11037463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Plants establish symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to facilitate nutrient uptake, particularly in nutrient-limited conditions. This partnership is rooted in the plant's ability to recognize fungal signaling molecules, such as chitooligosaccharides (chitin) and lipo-chitooligosaccharides. In the legume Medicago truncatula, chitooligosaccharides trigger both symbiotic and immune responses via the same lysin-motif-receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs), notably CERK1 and LYR4. The nature of plant-fungal engagement is opposite according to the outcomes of immunity or symbiosis signaling, and as such, discrimination is necessary, which is challenged by the dual roles of CERK1/LYR4 in both processes. Here, we describe a LysM-RLK, LYK8, that is functionally redundant with CERK1 for mycorrhizal colonization but is not involved in chitooligosaccharides-induced immunity. Genetic mutation of both LYK8 and CERK1 blocks chitooligosaccharides-triggered symbiosis signaling, as well as mycorrhizal colonization, but shows no further impact on immunity signaling triggered by chitooligosaccharides, compared with the mutation of CERK1 alone. LYK8 interacts with CERK1 and forms a receptor complex that appears essential for chitooligosaccharides activation of symbiosis signaling, with the lyk8/cerk1 double mutant recapitulating the impact of mutations in the symbiosis signaling pathway. We conclude that this novel receptor complex allows chitooligosaccharides activation specifically of symbiosis signaling and helps the plant to differentiate between activation of these opposing signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Jongho Sun
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Chai Hao Chiu
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK
| | - David Landry
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe-Environment Interactions (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Kangping Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Sébastien Fort
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Lefebvre
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe-Environment Interactions (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Giles E D Oldroyd
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK.
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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15
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Vimal SR, Singh JS, Kumar A, Prasad SM. The plant endomicrobiome: Structure and strategies to produce stress resilient future crop. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 6:100236. [PMID: 38756233 PMCID: PMC11097330 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants have a microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, living inside and on their tissues. Versatile endophytic microorganisms inhabited in every plant part without causing disease and develop endophytic microbiome or endo-microbiome. Plant endo-microbiome are drawn by the nutrient rich micro-environment, and in turn some microbes mutualistically endorse and protect plant from adverse environmental stresses. Plant endo-microbiome interact within well-designed host equilibrium containing xylem, phloem, nutrients, phytohormones, metabolites and shift according to environmental and nutritional change. Plant endo-microbiome regulate and respond to environmental variations, pathogens, herbivores by producing stress regulators, organic acids, secondary metabolites, stress hormones as well as unknown substances and signalling molecules. Endomicrobiome efficiently synthesizes multiple bioactive compounds, stress phytohormones with high competence. The technological innovation as next generation genomics biology and high-throughput multiomics techniques stepping stones on the illumination of critical endo-microbiome communities and functional characterization that aid in improving plant physiology, biochemistry and immunity interplay for best crop productivity. This review article contains deeper insight in endomicrobiome related research work in last years, recruitment, niche development, nutrient dynamics, stress removal mechanisms, bioactive services in plant health development, community architecture and communication, and immunity interplay in producing stress resilient future crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Raj Vimal
- Ranjan Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jay Shankar Singh
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Earth and Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad (A Central University), Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sheo Mohan Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Oddi L, Volpe V, Carotenuto G, Politi M, Barni E, Crosino A, Siniscalco C, Genre A. Boosting species evenness, productivity and weed control in a mixed meadow by promoting arbuscular mycorrhizas. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1303750. [PMID: 38390295 PMCID: PMC10883063 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1303750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Lowland meadows represent aboveground and belowground biodiversity reservoirs in intensive agricultural areas, improving water retention and filtration, ensuring forage production, contrasting erosion and contributing to soil fertility and carbon sequestration. Besides such major ecosystem services, the presence of functionally different plant species improves forage quality, nutritional value and productivity, also limiting the establishment of weeds and alien species. Here, we tested the effectiveness of a commercial seed mixture in restoring a lowland mixed meadow in the presence or absence of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and biostimulation of symbiosis development with the addition of short chain chito-oligosaccharides (CO). Plant community composition, phenology and productivity were regularly monitored alongside AM colonization in control, inoculated and CO-treated inoculated plots. Our analyses revealed that the CO treatment accelerated symbiosis development significantly increasing root colonization by AM fungi. Moreover, the combination of AM fungal inoculation and CO treatment improved plant species evenness and productivity with more balanced composition in forage species. Altogether, our study presented a successful and scalable strategy for the reintroduction of mixed meadows as valuable sources of forage biomass; demonstrated the positive impact of CO treatment on AM development in an agronomic context, extending previous observations developed under controlled laboratory conditions and leading the way to the application in sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Oddi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Veronica Volpe
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gennaro Carotenuto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mara Politi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Barni
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Crosino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Consolata Siniscalco
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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17
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Giovannetti M, Binci F, Navazio L, Genre A. Nonbinary fungal signals and calcium-mediated transduction in plant immunity and symbiosis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1393-1400. [PMID: 38013492 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Chitin oligomers (COs) are among the most common and active fungal elicitors of plant responses. Short-chain COs from symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activate accommodation responses in the host root, while long-chain COs from pathogenic fungi are acknowledged to trigger defence responses. The modulation of intracellular calcium concentration - a common second messenger in a wide variety of plant signal transduction processes - plays a central role in both signalling pathways with distinct signature features. Nevertheless, mounting evidence suggests that plant immunity and symbiosis signalling partially overlap at multiple levels. Here, we elaborate on recent findings on this topic, highlighting the nonbinary nature of chitin-based fungal signals, their perception and their interpretation through Ca2+ -mediated intracellular signals. Based on this, we propose that plant perception of symbiotic and pathogenic fungi is less clear-cut than previously described and involves a more complex scenario in which partially overlapping and blurred signalling mechanisms act upstream of the unambiguous regulation of gene expression driving accommodation or defence responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giovannetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Binci
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorella Navazio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
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18
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Ivanov S, Harrison MJ. Receptor-associated kinases control the lipid provisioning program in plant-fungal symbiosis. Science 2024; 383:443-448. [PMID: 38271524 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The mutualistic association between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi requires intracellular accommodation of the fungal symbiont and maintenance by means of lipid provisioning. Symbiosis signaling through lysin motif (LysM) receptor-like kinases and a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase DOES NOT MAKE INFECTIONS 2 (DMI2) activates transcriptional programs that underlie fungal passage through the epidermis and accommodation in cortical cells. We show that two Medicago truncatula cortical cell-specific, membrane-bound proteins of a CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE-LIKE (CKL) family associate with, and are phosphorylation substrates of, DMI2 and a subset of the LysM receptor kinases. CKL1 and CKL2 are required for AM symbiosis and control expression of transcription factors that regulate part of the lipid provisioning program. Onset of lipid provisioning is coupled with arbuscule branching and with the REDUCED ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA 1 (RAM1) regulon for complete endosymbiont accommodation.
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19
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Slimani A, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Boutasknit A, Anli M, Abouraicha EF, Oufdou K, Meddich A, Baslam M. Molecular and Systems Biology Approaches for Harnessing the Symbiotic Interaction in Mycorrhizal Symbiosis for Grain and Oil Crop Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:912. [PMID: 38255984 PMCID: PMC10815302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycorrhizal symbiosis, the mutually beneficial association between plants and fungi, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its widespread significance in agricultural productivity. Specifically, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide a range of benefits to grain and oil crops, including improved nutrient uptake, growth, and resistance to (a)biotic stressors. Harnessing this symbiotic interaction using molecular and systems biology approaches presents promising opportunities for sustainable and economically-viable agricultural practices. Research in this area aims to identify and manipulate specific genes and pathways involved in the symbiotic interaction, leading to improved cereal and oilseed crop yields and nutrient acquisition. This review provides an overview of the research frontier on utilizing molecular and systems biology approaches for harnessing the symbiotic interaction in mycorrhizal symbiosis for grain and oil crop cultivation. Moreover, we address the mechanistic insights and molecular determinants underpinning this exchange. We conclude with an overview of current efforts to harness mycorrhizal diversity to improve cereal and oilseed health through systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Slimani
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar
- Laboratory Biochemistry, Environment & Agri-Food URAC 36, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques—Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - Raja Ben-Laouane
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Boutasknit
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed First University, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Anli
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Life, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Comoros, Patsy University Center, Moroni 269, Comoros
| | - El Faiza Abouraicha
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques (ISPITS), Essaouira 44000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Meddich
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- GrowSmart, Seoul 03129, Republic of Korea
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20
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Dong X, Gifford ML, Su C. Ca2+ signatures in symbiosis: another level of dynamism for this key messenger. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:508-510. [PMID: 38197461 PMCID: PMC10773991 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Binci F, Offer E, Crosino A, Sciascia I, Kleine-Vehn J, Genre A, Giovannetti M, Navazio L. 2024. Spatially and temporally distinct Ca2+ changes in Lotus japonicus roots orient fungal-triggered signalling pathways towards symbiosis or immunity. Journal of Experimental Botany 75,605–619.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Dong
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Miriam L Gifford
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Chao Su
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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21
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Binci F, Offer E, Crosino A, Sciascia I, Kleine-Vehn J, Genre A, Giovannetti M, Navazio L. Spatially and temporally distinct Ca2+ changes in Lotus japonicus roots orient fungal-triggered signalling pathways towards symbiosis or immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:605-619. [PMID: 37712520 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants activate an immune or symbiotic response depending on the detection of distinct signals from root-interacting microbes. Both signalling cascades involve Ca2+ as a central mediator of early signal transduction. In this study, we combined aequorin- and cameleon-based methods to dissect the changes in cytosolic and nuclear Ca2+ concentration caused by different chitin-derived fungal elicitors in Lotus japonicus roots. Our quantitative analyses highlighted the dual character of the evoked Ca2+ responses taking advantage of the comparison between different genetic backgrounds: an initial Ca2+ influx, dependent on the LysM receptor CERK6 and independent of the common symbiotic signalling pathway (CSSP), is followed by a second CSSP-dependent and CERK6-independent phase, that corresponds to the well-known perinuclear/nuclear Ca2+ spiking. We show that the expression of immunity marker genes correlates with the amplitude of the first Ca2+ change, depends on elicitor concentration, and is controlled by Ca2+ storage in the vacuole. Our findings provide an insight into the Ca2+-mediated signalling mechanisms discriminating plant immunity- and symbiosis-related pathways in the context of their simultaneous activation by single fungal elicitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Binci
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Offer
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Crosino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Ivan Sciascia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Biology II, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Giovannetti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Lorella Navazio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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22
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Castel B, El Mahboubi K, Jacquet C, Delaux PM. Immunobiodiversity: Conserved and specific immunity across land plants and beyond. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:92-111. [PMID: 38102829 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Angiosperms represent most plants that humans cultivate, grow, and eat. However, angiosperms are only one of five major land plant lineages. As a whole lineage, plants also include algal groups. All these clades represent a tremendous genetic diversity that can be investigated to reveal the evolutionary history of any given mechanism. In this review, we describe the current model of the plant immune system, discuss its evolution based on the recent literature, and propose future directions for the field. In angiosperms, plant-microbe interactions have been intensively studied, revealing essential cell surface and intracellular immune receptors, as well as metabolic and hormonal defense pathways. Exploring diversity at the genomic and functional levels demonstrates the conservation of these pathways across land plants, some of which are beyond plants. On basis of the conserved mechanisms, lineage-specific variations have occurred, leading to diversified reservoirs of immune mechanisms. In rare cases, this diversity has been harnessed and successfully transferred to other species by integration of wild immune receptors or engineering of novel forms of receptors for improved resistance to pathogens. We propose that exploring further the diversity of immune mechanisms in the whole plant lineage will reveal completely novel sources of resistance to be deployed in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Castel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Karima El Mahboubi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christophe Jacquet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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23
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Ma J, Xie Y, Sun J, Zou P, Ma S, Yuan Y, Ahmad S, Yang X, Jing C, Li Y. Co-application of chitooligosaccharides and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi reduced greenhouse gas fluxes in saline soil by improving the rhizosphere microecology of soybean. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118836. [PMID: 37634403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization can affect the ecological environment of soil and alter greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Chitooligosaccharides and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) reduced the GHG fluxes of salinized soil, and this reduction was attributed to an alteration in the rhizosphere microecology, including changes in the activities of β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase, and Leucine aminopeptidase. Additionally, certain bacteria species such as paracoccus, ensifer, microvirga, and paracyclodium were highly correlated with GHG emissions. Another interesting finding is that foliar spraying of chitooligosaccharides could transport to the soybean root system, and improve soybean tolerance to salt stress. This is achieved by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the changes in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and membrane transport. Importantly, the Co-application of chitooligosaccharides and Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi was found to have a greater effect compared to their application alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Jiali Sun
- Baoshan Branch, Yunnan Tobacco Company, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Siqi Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Changliang Jing
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China.
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China.
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24
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Lanfranco L, Bonfante P. Lessons from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal genomes. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 75:102357. [PMID: 37419003 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have accompanied the majority of land plants since their evolution in the Devonian period with a symbiotic alliance centered on nutrient exchanges. The exploration of AMF genomes is providing clues to explain major questions about their biology, evolution, and ecology. The dynamics of nuclei across the fungal life cycle, the abundance of transposable elements, and the epigenome landscape are emerging as sources of intraspecific variability, which can be especially important in organisms with no or rare sexual reproduction such as AMF. These features have been hypothesized to support AMF adaptability to a wide host range and to environmental changes. New insights on plant-fungus communication and on the iconic function of phosphate transport were also recently obtained that overall contribute to a better understanding of this ancient and fascinating symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lanfranco
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Turin, Italy
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25
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Yu H, Bai F, Ji C, Fan Z, Luo J, Ouyang B, Deng X, Xiao S, Bisseling T, Limpens E, Pan Z. Plant lysin motif extracellular proteins are required for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301884120. [PMID: 37368927 PMCID: PMC10318984 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301884120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with most land plants. They are known to secrete lysin motif (LysM) effectors into host root cells for successful colonization. Intriguingly, plants secrete similar types of LysM proteins; however, their role in plant-microbe interactions is unknown. Here, we show that Medicago truncatula deploys LysM extracellular (LysMe) proteins to facilitate symbiosis with AMF. Promoter analyses demonstrated that three M. truncatula LysMe genes MtLysMe1/2/3, are expressed in arbuscule-containing cells and those adjacent to intercellular hyphae. Localization studies showed that these proteins are targeted to the periarbuscular space between the periarbuscular membrane and the fungal cell wall of the branched arbuscule. M. truncatula mutants in which MtLysMe2 was knocked out via CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis exhibited a significant reduction in AMF colonization and arbuscule formation, whereas genetically complemented transgenic plants restored wild-type level AMF colonization. In addition, knocking out the ortholog of MtLysMe2 in tomato resulted in a similar defect in AMF colonization. In vitro binding affinity precipitation assays suggested binding of MtLysMe1/2/3 with chitin and chitosan, while microscale thermophoresis (MST) assays revealed weak binding of these proteins with chitooligosaccharides. Moreover, application of purified MtLysMe proteins to root segments could suppress chitooctaose (CO8)-induced reactive oxygen species production and expression of reporter genes of the immune response without impairing chitotetraose (CO4)-triggered symbiotic responses. Taken together, our results reveal that plants, like their fungal partners, also secrete LysM proteins to facilitate symbiosis establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Fuxi Bai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan430064, China
| | - Chuanya Ji
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Zhengyan Fan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Jinying Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Bo Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland College Park, Rockville, MD20850
| | - Ton Bisseling
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Limpens
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Zhiyong Pan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
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26
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Li L, Liu Q, Ge S, Tang M, He L, Zou Y, Yu J, Zhou Y. SlIAA23-SlARF6 module controls arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis by regulating strigolactone biosynthesis in tomato. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1921-1934. [PMID: 36891914 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Auxins are a class of phytohormones with roles involved in the establishment and maintenance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS). Auxin response factors (ARFs) and Auxin/Indole-acetic acids (AUX/IAAs), as two transcription factors of the auxin signaling pathway, coregulate the transcription of auxin response genes. However, the interrelation and regulatory mechanism of ARFs and AUX/IAAs in regulating AMS are still unclear. In this study, we found that the content of auxin in tomato roots increased sharply and revealed the importance of the auxin signaling pathway in the early stage of AMS. Notably, SlARF6 was found to play a negative role in AMF colonization. Silencing SlARF6 significantly increased the expression of AM-marker genes, as well as AMF-induced phosphorus uptake. SlIAA23 could interact with SlARF6 in vivo and in vitro, and promoted the AMS and phosphorus uptake. Interestingly, SlARF6 and SlIAA23 played a contrary role in strigolactone (SL) synthesis and accumulation in AMF-colonized roots of tomato plants. SlARF6 could directly bind to the AuxRE motif of the SlCCD8 promoter and inhibited its transcription, however, this effect was attenuated by SlIAA23 through interaction with SlARF6. Our results suggest that SlIAA23-SlARF6 coregulated tomato-AMS via an SL-dependent pathway, thus affecting phosphorus uptake in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shibei Ge
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingjia Tang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuwen Zou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Leng J, Wei X, Jin X, Wang L, Fan K, Zou K, Zheng Z, Saridis G, Zhao N, Zhou D, Duanmu D, Wang E, Cui H, Bucher M, Xue L. ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA-INDUCED KINASES AMK8 and AMK24 associate with the receptor-like kinase KINASE3 to regulate arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in Lotus japonicus. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2006-2026. [PMID: 36808553 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a widespread, ancient mutualistic association between plants and fungi, and facilitates nutrient uptake into plants. Cell surface receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) play pivotal roles in transmembrane signaling, while few RLCKs are known to function in AM symbiosis. Here, we show that 27 out of 40 AM-induced kinases (AMKs) are transcriptionally upregulated by key AM transcription factors in Lotus japonicus. Nine AMKs are only conserved in AM-host lineages, among which the SPARK-RLK-encoding gene KINASE3 (KIN3) and the RLCK paralogues AMK8 and AMK24 are required for AM symbiosis. KIN3 expression is directly regulated by the AP2 transcription factor CTTC MOTIF-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (CBX1), which regulates the reciprocal exchange of nutrients in AM symbiosis, via the AW-box motif in the KIN3 promoter. Loss of function mutations in KIN3, AMK8, or AMK24 result in reduced mycorrhizal colonization in L. japonicus. AMK8 and AMK24 physically interact with KIN3. KIN3 and AMK24 are active kinases and AMK24 directly phosphorylates KIN3 in vitro. Moreover, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of OsRLCK171, the sole homolog of AMK8 and AMK24 in rice (Oryza sativa), leads to diminished mycorrhization with stunted arbuscules. Overall, our results reveal a crucial role of the CBX1-driven RLK/RLCK complex in the evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway enabling arbuscule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Leng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaotong Wei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xinyi Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Longxiang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Kai Fan
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ke Zou
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zichao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Georgios Saridis
- Institute for Plant Science, Cologne Biocenter, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47b, Cologne D-50674, Germany
| | - Ningkang Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Deqiang Duanmu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haitao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Marcel Bucher
- Institute for Plant Science, Cologne Biocenter, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47b, Cologne D-50674, Germany
| | - Li Xue
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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28
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Kelly S, Hansen SB, Rübsam H, Saake P, Pedersen EB, Gysel K, Madland E, Wu S, Wawra S, Reid D, Sullivan JT, Blahovska Z, Vinther M, Muszynski A, Azadi P, Thygesen MB, Aachmann FL, Ronson CW, Zuccaro A, Andersen KR, Radutoiu S, Stougaard J. A glycan receptor kinase facilitates intracellular accommodation of arbuscular mycorrhiza and symbiotic rhizobia in the legume Lotus japonicus. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002127. [PMID: 37200394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors that distinguish the multitude of microbes surrounding plants in the environment enable dynamic responses to the biotic and abiotic conditions encountered. In this study, we identify and characterise a glycan receptor kinase, EPR3a, closely related to the exopolysaccharide receptor EPR3. Epr3a is up-regulated in roots colonised by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and is able to bind glucans with a branching pattern characteristic of surface-exposed fungal glucans. Expression studies with cellular resolution show localised activation of the Epr3a promoter in cortical root cells containing arbuscules. Fungal infection and intracellular arbuscule formation are reduced in epr3a mutants. In vitro, the EPR3a ectodomain binds cell wall glucans in affinity gel electrophoresis assays. In microscale thermophoresis (MST) assays, rhizobial exopolysaccharide binding is detected with affinities comparable to those observed for EPR3, and both EPR3a and EPR3 bind a well-defined β-1,3/β-1,6 decasaccharide derived from exopolysaccharides of endophytic and pathogenic fungi. Both EPR3a and EPR3 function in the intracellular accommodation of microbes. However, contrasting expression patterns and divergent ligand affinities result in distinct functions in AM colonisation and rhizobial infection in Lotus japonicus. The presence of Epr3a and Epr3 genes in both eudicot and monocot plant genomes suggest a conserved function of these receptor kinases in glycan perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kelly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simon B Hansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henriette Rübsam
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pia Saake
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute of Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emil B Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kira Gysel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eva Madland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Shunliang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Stephan Wawra
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute of Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dugald Reid
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John T Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Zuzana Blahovska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Vinther
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Artur Muszynski
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mikkel B Thygesen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Finn L Aachmann
- NOBIPOL (Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory), Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Clive W Ronson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alga Zuccaro
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute of Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kasper R Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simona Radutoiu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Stougaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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29
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Paries M, Gutjahr C. The good, the bad, and the phosphate: regulation of beneficial and detrimental plant-microbe interactions by the plant phosphate status. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37145847 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi ) is indispensable for life on this planet. However, for sessile land plants it is poorly accessible. Therefore, plants have developed a variety of strategies for enhanced acquisition and recycling of Pi . The mechanisms to cope with Pi limitation as well as direct uptake of Pi from the substrate via the root epidermis are regulated by a conserved Pi starvation response (PSR) system based on a family of key transcription factors (TFs) and their inhibitors. Furthermore, plants obtain Pi indirectly through symbiosis with mycorrhiza fungi, which employ their extensive hyphal network to drastically increase the soil volume that can be explored by plants for Pi . Besides mycorrhizal symbiosis, there is also a variety of other interactions with epiphytic, endophytic, and rhizospheric microbes that can indirectly or directly influence plant Pi uptake. It was recently discovered that the PSR pathway is involved in the regulation of genes that promote formation and maintenance of AM symbiosis. Furthermore, the PSR system influences plant immunity and can also be a target of microbial manipulation. It is known for decades that the nutritional status of plants influences the outcome of plant-microbe interactions. The first molecular explanations for these observations are now emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Paries
- Plant Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Emil Ramann Str. 4, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Caroline Gutjahr
- Plant Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Emil Ramann Str. 4, Freising, 85354, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
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30
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Ruman H, Kawaharada Y. A New Classification of Lysin Motif Receptor-Like Kinases in Lotus japonicus. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:176-190. [PMID: 36334262 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lysin motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) are a plant-specific receptor protein family that sense components from soil microorganisms, regulating innate immunity and symbiosis. Every plant species possesses multiple LysM-RLKs in order to interact with a variety of soil microorganisms; however, most receptors have not been characterized yet. Therefore, we tried to identify LysM-RLKs from diverse plant species and proposed a new classification to indicate their evolution and characteristics, as well as to predict new functions. In this study, we have attempted to explore and update LysM-RLKs in Lotus japonicus using the latest genome sequencing and divided 20 LysM-RLKs into 11 clades based on homolog identity and phylogenetic analysis. We further identified 193 LysM-RLKs from 16 Spermatophyta species including L. japonicus and divided these receptors into 14 clades and one out-group special receptor based on the classification of L. japonicus LysM-RLKs. All plant species not only have clade I receptors such as Nod factor or chitin receptors but also have clade III receptors where most of the receptors are uncharacterized. We also identified dicotyledon- and monocotyledon-specific clades and predicted evolutionary trends in LysM-RLKs. In addition, we found a strong correlation between plant species that did not possess clade II receptors and those that lost symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A clade II receptor in L. japonicus Lys8 was predicted to express during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Our proposed new inventory classification suggests the evolutionary pattern of LysM-RLKs and might help in elucidating novel receptor functions in various plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafijur Ruman
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8, Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550 Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kawaharada
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8, Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550 Japan
- Department of Plant BioSciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8, Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550 Japan
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31
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Volpe V, Chialva M, Mazzarella T, Crosino A, Capitanio S, Costamagna L, Kohlen W, Genre A. Long-lasting impact of chitooligosaccharide application on strigolactone biosynthesis and fungal accommodation promotes arbuscular mycorrhiza in Medicago truncatula. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:2316-2331. [PMID: 36564991 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) between plants and Glomeromycotina fungi is preceded by the exchange of chemical signals: fungal released Myc-factors, including chitooligosaccharides (CO) and lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCO), activate plant symbiotic responses, while root-exuded strigolactones stimulate hyphal branching and boost CO release. Furthermore, fungal signaling reinforcement through CO application was shown to promote AM development in Medicago truncatula, but the cellular and molecular bases of this effect remained unclear. Here, we focused on long-term M. truncatula responses to CO treatment, demonstrating its impact on the transcriptome of both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots over several weeks and providing an insight into the mechanistic bases of the CO-dependent promotion of AM colonization. CO treatment caused the long-lasting regulation of strigolactone biosynthesis and fungal accommodation-related genes. This was mirrored by an increase in root didehydro-orobanchol content, and the promotion of accommodation responses to AM fungi in root epidermal cells. Lastly, an advanced downregulation of AM symbiosis marker genes was observed at the latest time point in CO-treated plants, in line with an increased number of senescent arbuscules. Overall, CO treatment triggered molecular, metabolic, and cellular responses underpinning a protracted acceleration of AM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Volpe
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Chialva
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Teresa Mazzarella
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Crosino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Serena Capitanio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Costamagna
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Wouter Kohlen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, 6708, PB, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
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Valmas MI, Sexauer M, Markmann K, Tsikou D. Plants Recruit Peptides and Micro RNAs to Regulate Nutrient Acquisition from Soil and Symbiosis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:187. [PMID: 36616316 PMCID: PMC9824779 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants engage in symbiotic relationships with soil microorganisms to overcome nutrient limitations in their environment. Among the best studied endosymbiotic interactions in plants are those with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and N-fixing bacteria called rhizobia. The mechanisms regulating plant nutrient homeostasis and acquisition involve small mobile molecules such as peptides and micro RNAs (miRNAs). A large number of CLE (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED) and CEP (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) peptide hormones as well as certain miRNAs have been reported to differentially respond to the availability of essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Interestingly, a partially overlapping pool of these molecules is involved in plant responses to root colonization by rhizobia and AM fungi, as well as mineral nutrition. The crosstalk between root endosymbiosis and nutrient availability has been subject of intense investigations, and new insights in locally or systemically mobile molecules in nutrient- as well as symbiosis-related signaling continue to arise. Focusing on the key roles of peptides and miRNAs, we review the mechanisms that shape plant responses to nutrient limitation and regulate the establishment of symbiotic associations with beneficial soil microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios I. Valmas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Moritz Sexauer
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biosciences, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Markmann
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biosciences, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Tsikou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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Kapoor B, Kumar P, Verma V, Irfan M, Sharma R, Bhargava B. How plants conquered land: evolution of terrestrial adaptation. J Evol Biol 2023; 36:5-14. [PMID: 36083189 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The transition of plants from water to land is considered one of the most significant events in the evolution of life on Earth. The colonization of land by plants, accompanied by their morphological, physiological and developmental changes, resulted in plant biodiversity. Besides significantly influencing oxygen levels in the air and on land, plants manufacture organic matter from CO2 and water with the help of sunlight, paving the way for the diversification of nonplant lineages ranging from microscopic organisms to animals. Land plants regulate the climate by adjusting total biomass and energy flow. At the genetic level, these innovations are achieved through the rearrangement of pre-existing genetic information. Advances in genome sequencing technology are revamping our understanding of plant evolution. This study highlights the morphological and genomic innovations that allow plants to integrate life on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvnesh Kapoor
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vipasha Verma
- Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Rajnish Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Bhavya Bhargava
- Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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34
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Xu L, Wang J, Xiao Y, Han Z, Chai J. Structural insight into chitin perception by chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 of Oryza sativa. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:235-248. [PMID: 35568972 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants have developed innate immune systems to fight against pathogenic fungi by monitoring pathogenic signals known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and have established endo symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi through recognition of mycorrhizal (Myc) factors. Chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 of Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica (OsCERK1) plays a bifunctional role in mediating both chitin-triggered immunity and symbiotic relationships with AM fungi. However, it remains unclear whether OsCERK1 can directly recognize chitin molecules. In this study, we show that OsCERK1 binds to the chitin hexamer ((NAG)6 ) and tetramer ((NAG)4 ) directly and determine the crystal structure of the OsCERK1-(NAG)6 complex at 2 Å. The structure shows that one OsCERK1 is associated with one (NAG)6 . Upon recognition, chitin hexamer binds OsCERK1 by interacting with the shallow groove on the surface of LysM2. These structural findings, complemented by mutational analyses, demonstrate that LysM2 is crucial for recognition of both (NAG)6 and (NAG)4 . Altogether, these findings provide structural insights into the ability of OsCERK1 in chitin perception, which will lead to a better understanding of the role of OsCERK1 in mediating both immunity and symbiosis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Centre for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jizong Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Centre for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Centre for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhifu Han
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Centre for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jijie Chai
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Centre for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
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Ho-Plágaro T, Tamayo-Navarrete MI, García Garrido JM. Microtubule cytoskeleton and mycorrhizal roots. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2031504. [PMID: 35105280 PMCID: PMC9746496 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2031504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
For the establishment of the Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis it is essential that epidermis and cortical cells from plant roots suffer a strong reorganization to allow the penetration of intracellular fungal hyphae. In the same manner, the new formation of a periarbuscular membrane and a symbiotic interface with specific compositions are required for a functional symbiosis. It is believed that the cytoskeleton of the plant host plays an essential role in these processes, particularly the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton, as huge modifications have been observed in the MT array of root cells accompanying the establishment of the AM symbiosis. Recent research has established a link between microtubule rearrangements and arbuscule functioning. However, further research is required to elucidate the specific functions of MT cytoskeleton along the different stages of the arbuscule life cycle and to unravel the signals triggering these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ho-Plágaro
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | | | - José M. García Garrido
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), CSIC, Granada, Spain
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36
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Cope KR, Prates ET, Miller JI, Demerdash ON, Shah M, Kainer D, Cliff A, Sullivan KA, Cashman M, Lane M, Matthiadis A, Labbé J, Tschaplinski TJ, Jacobson DA, Kalluri UC. Exploring the role of plant lysin motif receptor-like kinases in regulating plant-microbe interactions in the bioenergy crop Populus. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 21:1122-1139. [PMID: 36789259 PMCID: PMC9900275 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For plants, distinguishing between mutualistic and pathogenic microbes is a matter of survival. All microbes contain microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are perceived by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lysin motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) are PRRs attuned for binding and triggering a response to specific MAMPs, including chitin oligomers (COs) in fungi, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs), which are produced by mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria, and peptidoglycan in bacteria. The identification and characterization of LysM-RLKs in candidate bioenergy crops including Populus are limited compared to other model plant species, thus inhibiting our ability to both understand and engineer microbe-mediated gains in plant productivity. As such, we performed a sequence analysis of LysM-RLKs in the Populus genome and predicted their function based on phylogenetic analysis with known LysM-RLKs. Then, using predictive models, molecular dynamics simulations, and comparative structural analysis with previously characterized CO and LCO plant receptors, we identified probable ligand-binding sites in Populus LysM-RLKs. Using several machine learning models, we predicted remarkably consistent binding affinity rankings of Populus proteins to CO. In addition, we used a modified Random Walk with Restart network-topology based approach to identify a subset of Populus LysM-RLKs that are functionally related and propose a corresponding signal transduction cascade. Our findings provide the first look into the role of LysM-RLKs in Populus-microbe interactions and establish a crucial jumping-off point for future research efforts to understand specificity and redundancy in microbial perception mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. Cope
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Erica T. Prates
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - John I. Miller
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Omar N.A. Demerdash
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Manesh Shah
- Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee–Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - David Kainer
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ashley Cliff
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - Kyle A. Sullivan
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Mikaela Cashman
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Matthew Lane
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - Anna Matthiadis
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Jesse Labbé
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Daniel A. Jacobson
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - Udaya C. Kalluri
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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37
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Rush TA, Tannous J, Lane MJ, Gopalakrishnan Meena M, Carrell AA, Golan JJ, Drott MT, Cottaz S, Fort S, Ané JM, Keller NP, Pelletier DA, Jacobson DA, Kainer D, Abraham PE, Giannone RJ, Labbé JL. Lipo-Chitooligosaccharides Induce Specialized Fungal Metabolite Profiles That Modulate Bacterial Growth. mSystems 2022; 7:e0105222. [PMID: 36453934 PMCID: PMC9764981 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01052-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) are historically known for their role as microbial-derived signaling molecules that shape plant symbiosis with beneficial rhizobia or mycorrhizal fungi. Recent studies showing that LCOs are widespread across the fungal kingdom have raised questions about the ecological function of these compounds in organisms that do not form symbiotic relationships with plants. To elucidate the ecological function of these compounds, we investigate the metabolomic response of the ubiquitous human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus to LCOs. Our metabolomics data revealed that exogenous application of various types of LCOs to A. fumigatus resulted in significant shifts in the fungal metabolic profile, with marked changes in the production of specialized metabolites known to mediate ecological interactions. Using network analyses, we identify specific types of LCOs with the most significant effect on the abundance of known metabolites. Extracts of several LCO-induced metabolic profiles significantly impact the growth rates of diverse bacterial species. These findings suggest that LCOs may play an important role in the competitive dynamics of non-plant-symbiotic fungi and bacteria. This study identifies specific metabolomic profiles induced by these ubiquitously produced chemicals and creates a foundation for future studies into the potential roles of LCOs as modulators of interkingdom competition. IMPORTANCE The activation of silent biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) for the identification and characterization of novel fungal secondary metabolites is a perpetual motion in natural product discoveries. Here, we demonstrated that one of the best-studied symbiosis signaling compounds, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs), play a role in activating some of these BGCs, resulting in the production of known, putative, and unknown metabolites with biological activities. This collection of metabolites induced by LCOs differentially modulate bacterial growth, while the LCO standards do not convey the same effect. These findings create a paradigm shift showing that LCOs have a more prominent role outside of host recognition of symbiotic microbes. Importantly, our work demonstrates that fungi use LCOs to produce a variety of metabolites with biological activity, which can be a potential source of bio-stimulants, pesticides, or pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás A. Rush
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joanna Tannous
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew J. Lane
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Alyssa A. Carrell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jacob J. Golan
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Milton T. Drott
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sylvain Cottaz
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Fort
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Michel Ané
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nancy P. Keller
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dale A. Pelletier
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel A. Jacobson
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - David Kainer
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul E. Abraham
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Richard J. Giannone
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jesse L. Labbé
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
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38
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Li XR, Sun J, Albinsky D, Zarrabian D, Hull R, Lee T, Jarratt-Barnham E, Chiu CH, Jacobsen A, Soumpourou E, Albanese A, Kohlen W, Luginbuehl LH, Guillotin B, Lawrensen T, Lin H, Murray J, Wallington E, Harwood W, Choi J, Paszkowski U, Oldroyd GED. Nutrient regulation of lipochitooligosaccharide recognition in plants via NSP1 and NSP2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6421. [PMID: 36307431 PMCID: PMC9616857 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many plants associate with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient acquisition, while legumes also associate with nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria. Both associations rely on symbiosis signaling and here we show that cereals can perceive lipochitooligosaccharides (LCOs) for activation of symbiosis signaling, surprisingly including Nod factors produced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. However, legumes show stringent perception of specifically decorated LCOs, that is absent in cereals. LCO perception in plants is activated by nutrient starvation, through transcriptional regulation of Nodulation Signaling Pathway (NSP)1 and NSP2. These transcription factors induce expression of an LCO receptor and act through the control of strigolactone biosynthesis and the karrikin-like receptor DWARF14-LIKE. We conclude that LCO production and perception is coordinately regulated by nutrient starvation to promote engagement with mycorrhizal fungi. Our work has implications for the use of both mycorrhizal and rhizobial associations for sustainable productivity in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ran Li
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR UK
| | - Jongho Sun
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR UK
| | - Doris Albinsky
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Darius Zarrabian
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Raphaella Hull
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Tak Lee
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Edwin Jarratt-Barnham
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Chai Hao Chiu
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Amy Jacobsen
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Eleni Soumpourou
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Alessio Albanese
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Wouter Kohlen
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonie H. Luginbuehl
- grid.14830.3e0000 0001 2175 7246John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Bruno Guillotin
- grid.503344.50000 0004 0445 6769Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Castanet-Tolosan, France ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Present Address: NYU-Center of Genomic and System Biology, 12 Waverly Place, New York, NY USA
| | - Tom Lawrensen
- grid.14830.3e0000 0001 2175 7246John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Hui Lin
- grid.14830.3e0000 0001 2175 7246John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Jeremy Murray
- grid.14830.3e0000 0001 2175 7246John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Emma Wallington
- grid.17595.3f0000 0004 0383 6532NIAB, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Wendy Harwood
- grid.14830.3e0000 0001 2175 7246John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Jeongmin Choi
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Uta Paszkowski
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Giles E. D. Oldroyd
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934Crop Science Centre, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
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Huang R, Li Z, Shen X, Choi J, Cao Y. The Perspective of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Rice Domestication and Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012383. [PMID: 36293238 PMCID: PMC9604486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi contributes to sustainable acquisition of phosphorus and other elements in over 80% of plant species; improving interactions with AM symbionts may mitigate some of the environmental problems associated with fertilizer application in grain crops such as rice. Recent developments of high-throughput genome sequencing projects of thousands of rice cultivars and the discovery of the molecular mechanisms underlying AM symbiosis suggest that interactions with AM fungi might have been an overlooked critical trait in rice domestication and breeding. In this review, we discuss genetic variation in the ability of rice to form AM symbioses and how this might have affected rice domestication. Finally, we discuss potential applications of AM symbiosis in rice breeding for more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renliang Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xianhua Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jeongmin Choi
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Yangrong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China
- Correspondence:
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40
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Ji L, Yang X, Qi F. Distinct Responses to Pathogenic and Symbionic Microorganisms: The Role of Plant Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810427. [PMID: 36142339 PMCID: PMC9499406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants must balance both beneficial (symbiotic) and pathogenic challenges from microorganisms, the former benefitting the plant and agriculture and the latter causing disease and economic harm. Plant innate immunity describes a highly conserved set of defense mechanisms that play pivotal roles in sensing immunogenic signals associated with both symbiotic and pathogenic microbes and subsequent downstream activation of signaling effector networks that protect the plant. An intriguing question is how the innate immune system distinguishes “friends” from “foes”. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the role and spectrum of innate immunity in recognizing and responding to different microbes. In addition, we also review some of the strategies used by microbes to manipulate plant signaling pathways and thus evade immunity, with emphasis on the use of effector proteins and micro-RNAs (miRNAs). Furthermore, we discuss potential questions that need addressing to advance the field of plant–microbe interactions.
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Chiu CH, Roszak P, Orvošová M, Paszkowski U. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induce lateral root development in angiosperms via a conserved set of MAMP receptors. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4428-4437.e3. [PMID: 36115339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Root systems regulate their branching patterns in response to environmental stimuli. Lateral root development in both monocotyledons and dicotyledons is enhanced in response to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which has been interpreted as a developmental response to specific, symbiosis-activating chitinaceous signals. Here, we report that generic instead of symbiosis-specific, chitin-derived molecules trigger lateral root formation. We demonstrate that this developmental response requires the well-known microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) receptor, ChitinElicitorReceptorKinase 1 (CERK1), in rice, Medicago truncatula, and Lotus japonicus, as well as the non-host of AM fungi, Arabidopsis thaliana, lending further support for a broadly conserved signal transduction mechanism across angiosperms. Using rice mutants impaired in strigolactone biosynthesis and signaling, we show that strigolactone signaling is necessary to regulate this developmental response. Rice CERK1 operates together with either Chitin Elicitor Binding Protein (CEBiP) or Nod Factor Receptor 5 (NFR5) in immunity and symbiosis signaling, respectively; for the lateral root response, however, all three LysM receptors are required. Our work, therefore, reveals an overlooked but a conserved role of LysM receptors integrating MAMP perception with developmental responses in plants, an ability that might influence the interaction between roots and the rhizosphere biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chai Hao Chiu
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK.
| | - Pawel Roszak
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Martina Orvošová
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Uta Paszkowski
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK.
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Lindsay PL, Ivanov S, Pumplin N, Zhang X, Harrison MJ. Distinct ankyrin repeat subdomains control VAPYRIN locations and intracellular accommodation functions during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5228. [PMID: 36064777 PMCID: PMC9445082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 70% of vascular flowering plants engage in endosymbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. VAPYRIN (VPY) is a plant protein that is required for intracellular accommodation of AM fungi but how it functions is still unclear. VPY has a large ankyrin repeat domain with potential for interactions with multiple proteins. Here we show that overexpression of the ankyrin repeat domain results in a vpy-like phenotype, consistent with the sequestration of interacting proteins. We identify distinct ankyrin repeats that are essential for intracellular accommodation of arbuscules and reveal that VPY functions in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. VPY interacts with two kinases, including DOES NOT MAKE INFECTIONS3 (DMI3), a nuclear-localized symbiosis signaling kinase. Overexpression of VPY in a symbiosis-attenuated genetic background results in a dmi3 -like phenotype suggesting that VPY negatively influences DMI3 function. Overall, the data indicate a requirement for VPY in the nucleus and cytoplasm where it may coordinate signaling and cellular accommodation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope L Lindsay
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- PLL: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Nathan Pumplin
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xinchun Zhang
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Maria J Harrison
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Votta C, Fiorilli V, Haider I, Wang JY, Balestrini R, Petřík I, Tarkowská D, Novák O, Serikbayeva A, Bonfante P, Al‐Babili S, Lanfranco L. Zaxinone synthase controls arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization level in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1688-1700. [PMID: 35877598 PMCID: PMC9543690 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Oryza sativa (rice) carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase OsZAS was described to produce zaxinone, a plant growth-promoting apocarotenoid. A zas mutant line showed reduced arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization, but the mechanisms underlying this behavior are unknown. Here, we investigated how OsZAS and exogenous zaxinone treatment regulate mycorrhization. Micromolar exogenous supply of zaxinone rescued root growth but not the mycorrhizal defects of the zas mutant, and even reduced mycorrhization in wild-type and zas genotypes. The zas line did not display the increase in the level of strigolactones (SLs) that was observed in wild-type plants at 7 days post-inoculation with AM fungus. Moreover, exogenous treatment with the synthetic SL analog GR24 rescued the zas mutant mycorrhizal phenotype, indicating that the lower AM colonization rate of zas is caused by a deficiency in SLs at the early stages of the interaction, and indicating that during this phase OsZAS activity is required to induce SL production, possibly mediated by the Dwarf14-Like (D14L) signaling pathway. OsZAS is expressed in arbuscule-containing cells, and OsPT11prom::OsZAS transgenic lines, where OsZAS expression is driven by the OsPT11 promoter active in arbusculated cells, exhibit increased mycorrhization compared with the wild type. Overall, our results show that the genetic manipulation of OsZAS activity in planta leads to a different effect on AM symbiosis from that of exogenous zaxinone treatment, and demonstrate that OsZAS influences the extent of AM colonization, acting as a component of a regulatory network that involves SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Votta
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinTurin10125Italy
| | - Valentina Fiorilli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinTurin10125Italy
| | - Imran Haider
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia
| | - Jian You Wang
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia
| | - Raffaella Balestrini
- National Research CouncilInstitute for Sustainable Plant ProtectionTurin10135Italy
| | - Ivan Petřík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of SciencePalacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of SciencesOlomouc78371Czech Republic
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of SciencePalacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of SciencesOlomouc78371Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of SciencePalacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of SciencesOlomouc78371Czech Republic
| | - Akmaral Serikbayeva
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinTurin10125Italy
| | - Salim Al‐Babili
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia
| | - Luisa Lanfranco
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinTurin10125Italy
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Roy S, Müller LM. A rulebook for peptide control of legume-microbe endosymbioses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:870-889. [PMID: 35246381 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants engage in mutually beneficial relationships with microbes, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi or nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, for optimized nutrient acquisition. In return, the microbial symbionts receive photosynthetic carbon from the plant. Both symbioses are regulated by the plant nutrient status, indicating the existence of signaling pathways that allow the host to fine-tune its interactions with the beneficial microbes depending on its nutrient requirements. Peptide hormones coordinate a plethora of developmental and physiological processes and, recently, various peptide families have gained special attention as systemic and local regulators of plant-microbe interactions and nutrient homeostasis. In this review, we identify five 'rules' or guiding principles that govern peptide function during symbiotic plant-microbe interactions, and highlight possible points of integration with nutrient acquisition pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Roy
- College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| | - Lena Maria Müller
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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Puginier C, Keller J, Delaux PM. Plant-microbe interactions that have impacted plant terrestrializations. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:72-84. [PMID: 35642902 PMCID: PMC9434271 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Plants display a tremendous diversity of developmental and physiological features, resulting from gains and losses of functional innovations across the plant phylogeny. Among those, the most impactful have been undoubtedly the ones that allowed plant terrestrializations, the transitions from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. Although the embryophyte terrestrialization has been particularly scrutinized, others occurred across the plant phylogeny with the involvement of mutualistic symbioses as a common theme. Here, we review the current pieces of evidence supporting that the repeated colonization of land by plants has been facilitated by interactions with mutualistic symbionts. In that context, we detail two of these mutualistic symbioses: the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in embryophytes and the lichen symbiosis in chlorophyte algae. We suggest that associations with bacteria should be revisited in that context, and we propose that overlooked symbioses might have facilitated the emergence of other land plant clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Puginier
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Jean Keller
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
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Narasimhan M, Simon R. Spatial range, temporal span, and promiscuity of CLE-RLK signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:906087. [PMID: 36092449 PMCID: PMC9459042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) signaling through receptor-like kinases (RLKs) regulates developmental transitions and responses to biotic and abiotic inputs by communicating the physiological state of cells and tissues. CLE peptides have varying signaling ranges, which can be defined as the distance between the source, i.e., the cells or tissue that secrete the peptide, and their destination, i.e., cells or tissue where the RLKs that bind the peptide and/or respond are expressed. Case-by-case analysis substantiates that CLE signaling is predominantly autocrine or paracrine, and rarely endocrine. Furthermore, upon CLE reception, the ensuing signaling responses extend from cellular to tissue, organ and whole organism level as the downstream signal gets amplified. CLE-RLK-mediated effects on tissue proliferation and differentiation, or on subsequent primordia and organ development have been widely studied. However, studying how CLE-RLK regulates different stages of proliferation and differentiation at cellular level can offer additional insights into these processes. Notably, CLE-RLK signaling also mediates diverse non-developmental effects, which are less often observed; however, this could be due to biased experimental approaches. In general, CLEs and RLKs, owing to the sequence or structural similarity, are prone to promiscuous interactions at least under experimental conditions in which they are studied. Importantly, there are regulatory mechanisms that suppress CLE-RLK cross-talk in vivo, thereby eliminating the pressure for co-evolving binding specificity. Alternatively, promiscuity in signaling may also offer evolutionary advantages and enable different CLEs to work in combination to activate or switch off different RLK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumitha Narasimhan
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Simon
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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47
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Dos Reis JBA, do Vale HMM, Lorenzi AS. Insights into taxonomic diversity and bioprospecting potential of Cerrado endophytic fungi: a review exploring an unique Brazilian biome and methodological limitations. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:202. [PMID: 35999403 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil, and it is known for harboring a wide variety of endemic plant and microbial species, among which are endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi are microorganisms capable of colonizing the interior of plant tissues without causing disease in host plants. Especially in the Cerrado biome, this group of microorganisms is still poorly studied and information on species estimation, ecological and evolutionary importance is not accurate and remains unknown. Also, it is extremely important to emphasize that great part of studies available on Cerrado endophytic fungi are national literature, including master's dissertations, course conclusion works or unpublished doctoral theses. The majority of these studies has highlighted that the endemic plant species are an important habitat for fungal endophytes, and new species have increasingly been described. Due to the lack of international literature on Cerrado endophytic fungi, the present review brings a bibliographic survey on taxonomic diversity and bioprospecting potential of fungal endophytes from a unique environment. This review also emphasizes the importance of studying Brazilian endophytic fungi from Cerrado as a source of new technologies (biofertilizer and biocontroller), since they are secondary metabolite-producing organisms with different biological activities for biotechnological, agricultural and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helson Mário Martins do Vale
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília-UnB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Adriana Sturion Lorenzi
- Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília-UnB, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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48
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Jaiswal V, Kakkar M, Kumari P, Zinta G, Gahlaut V, Kumar S. Multifaceted Roles of GRAS Transcription Factors in Growth and Stress Responses in Plants. iScience 2022; 25:105026. [PMID: 36117995 PMCID: PMC9474926 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Jaiswal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mrinalini Kakkar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Priya Kumari
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
- Corresponding author
| | - Vijay Gahlaut
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
- Corresponding author
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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Cope KR, Kafle A, Yakha JK, Pfeffer PE, Strahan GD, Garcia K, Subramanian S, Bücking H. Physiological and transcriptomic response of Medicago truncatula to colonization by high- or low-benefit arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. MYCORRHIZA 2022; 32:281-303. [PMID: 35511363 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-022-01077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form a root endosymbiosis with many agronomically important crop species. They enhance the ability of their host to obtain nutrients from the soil and increase the tolerance to biotic and abiotic stressors. However, AM fungal species can differ in the benefits they provide to their host plants. Here, we examined the putative molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the physiological response of Medicago truncatula to colonization by Rhizophagus irregularis or Glomus aggregatum, which have previously been characterized as high- and low-benefit AM fungal species, respectively. Colonization with R. irregularis led to greater growth and nutrient uptake than colonization with G. aggregatum. These benefits were linked to an elevated expression in the roots of strigolactone biosynthesis genes (NSP1, NSP2, CCD7, and MAX1a), mycorrhiza-induced phosphate (PT8), ammonium (AMT2;3), and nitrate (NPF4.12) transporters and the putative ammonium transporter NIP1;5. R. irregularis also stimulated the expression of photosynthesis-related genes in the shoot and the upregulation of the sugar transporters SWEET1.2, SWEET3.3, and SWEET 12 and the lipid biosynthesis gene RAM2 in the roots. In contrast, G. aggregatum induced the expression of biotic stress defense response genes in the shoots, and several genes associated with abiotic stress in the roots. This suggests that either the host perceives colonization by G. aggregatum as pathogen attack or that G. aggregatum can prime host defense responses. Our findings highlight molecular mechanisms that host plants may use to regulate their association with high- and low-benefit arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Cope
- Biology and Microbiology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Arjun Kafle
- Biology and Microbiology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jaya K Yakha
- Biology and Microbiology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Philip E Pfeffer
- Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA
| | - Gary D Strahan
- Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA
| | - Kevin Garcia
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Senthil Subramanian
- Biology and Microbiology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Heike Bücking
- Biology and Microbiology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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50
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Miyata K, Hasegawa S, Nakajima E, Nishizawa Y, Kamiya K, Yokogawa H, Shirasaka S, Maruyama S, Shibuya N, Kaku H. OsCERK2/OsRLK10, a homolog of OsCERK1, has a potential role for chitin-triggered immunity and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2022; 39:119-128. [PMID: 35937538 PMCID: PMC9300421 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.21.1222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In rice, the lysin motif (LysM) receptor-like kinase OsCERK1, originally identified as the essential molecule for chitin-triggered immunity, plays a key role in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. As we previously reported, although AM colonization was largely repressed at 2 weeks after inoculation (WAI), arbuscules were observed at 5 WAI in oscerk1 mutant. Conversely, most mutant plants that defect the common symbiosis signaling pathway exhibited no arbuscule formation. Concerning the reason for this characteristic phenotype of oscerk1, we speculated that OsRLK10, which is a putative paralog of OsCERK1, may have a redundant function in AM symbiosis. The protein sequences of these two genes are highly conserved and it is estimated that the gene duplication occurred 150 million years ago. Here we demonstrated that OsCERK2/OsRLK10 induced AM colonization and chitin-triggered reactive oxygen species production in oscerk1 knockout mutant as similar to OsCERK1. The oscerk2 mutant showed a slight but significant reduction of AM colonization at 5 WAI, indicating the contribution of OsCERK2 for AM symbiosis. However, the oscerk2;oscerk1 double-knockout mutant produced arbuscules at 5 WAI as similar to the oscerk1 mutant, indicating that the redundancy of OsCERK1 and OsCERK2 did not explain the mycorrhizal colonization in oscerk1 at 5 WAI. These results indicated that OsCERK2 has a potential to regulate both chitin-triggered immunity and AM symbiosis and at least partially contributes to AM symbiosis in rice though the contribution of OsCERK2 appears to be weaker than that of OsCERK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Miyata
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Shun Hasegawa
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Emi Nakajima
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Yoko Nishizawa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Kota Kamiya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Yokogawa
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Subaru Shirasaka
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Shingo Maruyama
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Naoto Shibuya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Hanae Kaku
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
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