1
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Heads M, Saldivia P. The challenging biogeography of the Juan Fernández Islands and Coast Range of central Chile explained by new models of East Pacific tectonics. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 39032008 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Biogeographers have often been puzzled by several unusual features in the Juan Fernández Islands (JFI) biota. These include the very high endemism density, multiple endemics that are older than the current islands, close biogeographic affinities with the central and West Pacific, and affinities with the diverse Coast Range of central Chile. We review aspects of biogeography in the JFI and the Coast Range in light of recent geological studies. These have examined the mantle below the East Pacific and South America, and have produced radical, new ideas on tectonic history. A long-lived, intraoceanic archipelago ~9000 km long is now thought to have existed in the East Pacific (passing between the JFI hotspot and mainland Chile) until the mid-Cretaceous. At this time, South America, which was moving westward with the opening of the Atlantic, collided with the archipelago. The assumption that the JFI biota is no older than its current islands is questionable, as taxa would have survived on prior islands produced at the JFI hotspot. We propose a new interpretation of evolution in the region based on tectonics rather than on island age and incorporating the following factors: the newly described East Pacific Archipelago; a long history for the JFI hotspot; metapopulation dynamics, including metapopulation vicariance; and formation of the Humboldt Current in the Cretaceous. The model accounts for many distinctive features of the JFI and Coast Range biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heads
- Buffalo Museum of Science, 1020 Humboldt Parkway, Buffalo, NY, 14211-1293, USA
| | - Patricio Saldivia
- Biota Ltda, Miguel Claro 1224, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
- Museo Regional de Aysén, Km. 3 camino a Coyhaique Alto, Coyhaique, Chile
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2
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Delavaux CS, Crowther TW, Bever JD, Weigelt P, Gora EM. Mutualisms weaken the latitudinal diversity gradient among oceanic islands. Nature 2024; 627:335-339. [PMID: 38418873 PMCID: PMC10937366 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) dominates global patterns of diversity1,2, but the factors that underlie the LDG remain elusive. Here we use a unique global dataset3 to show that vascular plants on oceanic islands exhibit a weakened LDG and explore potential mechanisms for this effect. Our results show that traditional physical drivers of island biogeography4-namely area and isolation-contribute to the difference between island and mainland diversity at a given latitude (that is, the island species deficit), as smaller and more distant islands experience reduced colonization. However, plant species with mutualists are underrepresented on islands, and we find that this plant mutualism filter explains more variation in the island species deficit than abiotic factors. In particular, plant species that require animal pollinators or microbial mutualists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute disproportionately to the island species deficit near the Equator, with contributions decreasing with distance from the Equator. Plant mutualist filters on species richness are particularly strong at low absolute latitudes where mainland richness is highest, weakening the LDG of oceanic islands. These results provide empirical evidence that mutualisms, habitat heterogeneity and dispersal are key to the maintenance of high tropical plant diversity and mediate the biogeographic patterns of plant diversity on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille S Delavaux
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - James D Bever
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Kansas Biological Survey, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus Institute Data Science, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Evan M Gora
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panamá City, Panamá
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA
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3
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Taylor A, Weigelt P, Denelle P, Cai L, Kreft H. The contribution of plant life and growth forms to global gradients of vascular plant diversity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1548-1560. [PMID: 37264995 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant life and growth forms (shortened to 'plant forms') represent key functional strategies of plants in relation to their environment and provide important insights into the ecological constraints acting on the distribution of biodiversity. Despite their functional importance, how the spectra of plant forms contribute to global gradients of plant diversity is unresolved. Using a novel dataset comprising > 295 000 species, we quantify the contribution of different plant forms to global gradients of vascular plant diversity. Furthermore, we establish how plant form distributions in different biogeographical regions are associated with contemporary and paleoclimate conditions, environmental heterogeneity and phylogeny. We find a major shift in representation of woody perennials in tropical latitudes to herb-dominated floras in temperate and boreal regions, following a sharp latitudinal gradient in plant form diversity from the tropics to the poles. We also find significant functional differences between regions, mirroring life and growth form responses to environmental conditions, which is mostly explained by contemporary climate (18-87%), and phylogeny (6-62%), with paleoclimate and heterogeneity playing a lesser role (< 23%). This research highlights variation in the importance of different plant forms to diversity gradients world-wide, shedding light on the ecological and evolutionary pressures constraining plant-trait distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Taylor
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus Institute Data Science, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pierre Denelle
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lirong Cai
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus Institute Data Science, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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4
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Vitt P, Taylor A, Rakosy D, Kreft H, Meyer A, Weigelt P, Knight TM. Global conservation prioritization for the Orchidaceae. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6718. [PMID: 37185616 PMCID: PMC10130154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative assessments of endemism, evolutionary distinctiveness and extinction threat underpin global conservation prioritization for well-studied taxa, such as birds, mammals, and amphibians. However, such information is unavailable for most of the world's taxa. This is the case for the Orchidaceae, a hyperdiverse and cosmopolitan family with incomplete phylogenetic and threat information. To define conservation priorities, we present a framework based on phylogenetic and taxonomic measures of distinctiveness and rarity based on the number of regions and the area of occupancy. For 25,434 orchid species with distribution data (89.3% of the Orchidaceae), we identify the Neotropics as hotspots for richness, New Guinea as a hotspot for evolutionary distinctiveness, and several islands that contain many rare and distinct species. Orchids have a similar proportion of monotypic genera as other Angiosperms, however, more taxonomically distinct orchid species are found in a single region. We identify 278 species in need of immediate conservation actions and find that more than 70% of these do not currently have an IUCN conservation assessment and are not protected in ex-situ collections at Botanical Gardens. Our study highlights locations and orchid species in urgent need of conservation and demonstrates a framework that can be applied to other data-deficient taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pati Vitt
- Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL, 60022, USA.
- Plant Conservation and Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60203, USA.
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Amanda Taylor
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty for Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, Goettingen University, Buesgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Demetra Rakosy
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty for Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, Goettingen University, Buesgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abby Meyer
- Botanic Gardens Conservation International, U.S., 1151 Oxford Road, Botanical Division, San Marino, CA, 91108, USA
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Faculty for Forest Sciences & Forest Ecology, Goettingen University, Buesgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus-Institut Data Science, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiffany M Knight
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle (Saale), Germany
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5
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Cutts V, Hanz DM, Barajas-Barbosa MP, Schrodt F, Steinbauer MJ, Beierkuhnlein C, Denelle P, Fernández-Palacios JM, Gaüzère P, Grenié M, Irl SDH, Kraft N, Kreft H, Maitner B, Munoz F, Thuiller W, Violle C, Weigelt P, Field R, Algar AC. Links to rare climates do not translate into distinct traits for island endemics. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:504-515. [PMID: 36740842 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current models of island biogeography treat endemic and non-endemic species as if they were functionally equivalent, focussing primarily on species richness. Thus, the functional composition of island biotas in relation to island biogeographical variables remains largely unknown. Using plant trait data (plant height, leaf area and flower length) for 895 native species in the Canary Islands, we related functional trait distinctiveness and climate rarity for endemic and non-endemic species and island ages. Endemics showed a link to climatically rare conditions that is consistent with island geological change through time. However, functional trait distinctiveness did not differ between endemics and non-endemics and remained constant with island age. Thus, there is no obvious link between trait distinctiveness and occupancy of rare climates, at least for the traits measured here, suggesting that treating endemic and non-endemic species as functionally equivalent in island biogeography is not fundamentally wrong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Cutts
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dagmar M Hanz
- Biogeography & Biodiversity Lab, Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martha Paola Barajas-Barbosa
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Manuel J Steinbauer
- Sport Ecology, Bayreuth Center for Sport Science (BaySpo) & Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carl Beierkuhnlein
- Department of Biogeography, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Pierre Denelle
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - José María Fernández-Palacios
- Island Ecology and Biogeography Group, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Pierre Gaüzère
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthias Grenié
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Severin D H Irl
- Biogeography & Biodiversity Lab, Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nathan Kraft
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Brian Maitner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus-Institut Data Science, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Richard Field
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Adam C Algar
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Ottaviani G, Méndez‐Castro FE, Conti L, Zelený D, Chytrý M, Doležal J, Jandová V, Altman J, Klimešová J. Sticking around: Plant persistence strategies on edaphic islands. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Ottaviani
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | | | - Luisa Conti
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Zelený
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Milan Chytrý
- Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jiři Doležal
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Jandová
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Altman
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Klimešová
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Department of Botany Charles University Prague Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague Czech Republic
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7
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Delavaux CS, Weigelt P, Dawson W, Essl F, van Kleunen M, König C, Pergl J, Pyšek P, Stein A, Winter M, Taylor A, Schultz PA, Whittaker RJ, Kreft H, Bever JD. Mycorrhizal types influence island biogeography of plants. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1128. [PMID: 34561537 PMCID: PMC8463580 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant colonization of islands may be limited by the availability of symbionts, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which have limited dispersal ability compared to ectomycorrhizal and ericoid (EEM) as well as orchid mycorrhizal (ORC) fungi. We tested for such differential island colonization within contemporary angiosperm floras worldwide. We found evidence that AM plants experience a stronger mycorrhizal filter than other mycorrhizal or non-mycorrhizal (NM) plant species, with decreased proportions of native AM plant species on islands relative to mainlands. This effect intensified with island isolation, particularly for non-endemic plant species. The proportion of endemic AM plant species increased with island isolation, consistent with diversification filling niches left open by the mycorrhizal filter. We further found evidence of humans overcoming the initial mycorrhizal filter. Naturalized floras showed higher proportions of AM plant species than native floras, a pattern that increased with increasing isolation and land-use intensity. This work provides evidence that mycorrhizal fungal symbionts shape plant colonization of islands and subsequent diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jan Pergl
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Anke Stein
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany
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8
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Schrader J, Wright IJ, Kreft H, Westoby M. A roadmap to plant functional island biogeography. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2851-2870. [PMID: 34423523 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Island biogeography is the study of the spatio-temporal distribution of species, communities, assemblages or ecosystems on islands and other isolated habitats. Island diversity is structured by five classes of process: dispersal, establishment, biotic interactions, extinction and evolution. Classical approaches in island biogeography focused on species richness as the deterministic outcome of these processes. This has proved fruitful, but species traits can potentially offer new biological insights into the processes by which island life assembles and why some species perform better at colonising and persisting on islands. Functional traits refer to morphological and phenological characteristics of an organism or species that can be linked to its ecological strategy and that scale up from individual plants to properties of communities and ecosystems. A baseline hypothesis is for traits and ecological strategies of island species to show similar patterns as a matched mainland environment. However, strong dispersal, environmental and biotic-interaction filters as well as stochasticity associated with insularity modify this baseline. Clades that do colonise often embark on distinct ecological and evolutionary pathways, some because of distinctive evolutionary forces on islands, and some because of the opportunities offered by freedom from competitors or herbivores or the absence of mutualists. Functional traits are expected to be shaped by these processes. Here, we review and discuss the potential for integrating functional traits into island biogeography. While we focus on plants, the general considerations and concepts may be extended to other groups of organisms. We evaluate how functional traits on islands relate to core principles of species dispersal, establishment, extinction, reproduction, biotic interactions, evolution and conservation. We formulate existing knowledge as 33 working hypotheses. Some of these are grounded on firm empirical evidence, others provide opportunities for future research. We organise our hypotheses under five overarching sections. Section A focuses on plant functional traits enabling species dispersal to islands. Section B discusses how traits help to predict species establishment, successional trajectories and natural extinctions on islands. Section C reviews how traits indicate species biotic interactions and reproduction strategies and which traits promote intra-island dispersal. Section D discusses how evolution on islands leads to predictable changes in trait values and which traits are most susceptible to change. Section E debates how functional ecology can be used to study multiple drivers of global change on islands and to formulate effective conservation measures. Islands have a justified reputation as research models. They illuminate the forces operating within mainland communities by showing what happens when those forces are released or changed. We believe that the lens of functional ecology can shed more light on these forces than research approaches that do not consider functional differences among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schrader
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ian J Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Holger Kreft
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Goettingen, Germany.,Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mark Westoby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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9
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Liebhold AM, Turner RM, Blake RE, Bertelsmeier C, Brockerhoff EG, Nahrung HF, Pureswaran DS, Roques A, Seebens H, Yamanaka T. Invasion disharmony in the global biogeography of native and non‐native beetle species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Liebhold
- USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Morgantown WV USA
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Praha 6 – Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Rebecca M. Turner
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute) Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hanno Seebens
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center Frankfurt Germany
| | - Takehiko Yamanaka
- Research Center for Agricultural Information TechnologyNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization Tsukuba Japan
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10
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Ackerman JD. Island Invasions by Introduced Honey Bees: What Can Be Expected for Puerto Rico and the Caribbean? Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.556744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apis species are a major component of pollinator faunas in their native and introduced habitats. A widespread concern is that non-native Apis mellifera may have negative effects on native pollinators and on plant reproduction. This is based on the assumptions that natural communities are at capacity, resource competition structures communities, native pollinators are more effective pollinators of native species, yet A. mellifera are superior competitors. The latter two assumptions are often true, but evidence from the Neotropics indicates that tropical communities are not tightly structured, and the foraging flexibilities of native bees maintain their populations. However, the less diverse and disharmonic biotas of islands may limit the buffering capacity of flexible behaviors. While few studies address these assumptions or the ecological and evolutionary consequences of A. mellifera to the flora and fauna of tropical islands, an accumulation of taxon-specific studies are suggesting that such effects run the spectrum from subtle and indirect to obvious and direct. A concerted research effort is needed to address the multitude of issues to develop strategies to ameliorate or enhance honey bee effects, or just let nature take its course.
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11
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Lenzner B, Latombe G, Capinha C, Bellard C, Courchamp F, Diagne C, Dullinger S, Golivets M, Irl SDH, Kühn I, Leung B, Liu C, Moser D, Roura-Pascual N, Seebens H, Turbelin A, Weigelt P, Essl F. What Will the Future Bring for Biological Invasions on Islands? An Expert-Based Assessment. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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12
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Tsiftsis S. The complex effect of heterogeneity and isolation in determining alpha and beta orchid diversity on islands in the Aegean archipelago. SYST BIODIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2020.1738584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Tsiftsis
- Department of Forestry and Natural Environment, International Hellenic University, Drama, GR-66100, Greece
- Global Change Research Institute, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Belidla 4a, Brno, 603, Czech Republic
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13
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Ottaviani G, Keppel G, Götzenberger L, Harrison S, Opedal ØH, Conti L, Liancourt P, Klimešová J, Silveira FAO, Jiménez-Alfaro B, Negoita L, Doležal J, Hájek M, Ibanez T, Méndez-Castro FE, Chytrý M. Linking Plant Functional Ecology to Island Biogeography. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:329-339. [PMID: 31953170 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study of insular systems has a long history in ecology and biogeography. Island plants often differ remarkably from their noninsular counterparts, constituting excellent models for exploring eco-evolutionary processes. Trait-based approaches can help to answer important questions in island biogeography, yet plant trait patterns on islands remain understudied. We discuss three key hypotheses linking functional ecology to island biogeography: (i) plants in insular systems are characterized by distinct functional trait syndromes (compared with noninsular environments); (ii) these syndromes differ between true islands and terrestrial habitat islands; and (iii) island characteristics influence trait syndromes in a predictable manner. We are convinced that implementing trait-based comparative approaches would considerably further our understanding of plant ecology and evolution in insular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gunnar Keppel
- School of Natural and Built Environments, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lars Götzenberger
- Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Susan Harrison
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Øystein H Opedal
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Research Centre for Ecological Change, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luisa Conti
- Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pierre Liancourt
- Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic; Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jitka Klimešová
- Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando A O Silveira
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Luka Negoita
- Charles Darwin Research Station, Charles Darwin Foundation, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador
| | - Jiří Doležal
- Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michal Hájek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Ibanez
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA
| | | | - Milan Chytrý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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