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Zamorano-García D, Infantes-Paniagua Á, Cuevas-Campos R, Fernández-Bustos JG. Impact of Physical Activity-Based Interventions on Children and Adolescents' Physical Self-Concept: A Meta-Analysis. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:1-14. [PMID: 34860643 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1927945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Observational studies associate physical activity (PA) with improved perceptions of children and adolescents' physical self-concept (PSC) and global self-concept (GSC). However, only a few PA-based interventions exist for improving PSC and their results have been inconclusive. Objective: To determine the effect of specific PA-based programmes on the PSC (including its sub-dimensions) and GSC of children and adolescents, and to assess possible moderators. Methods: The databases Web of Science, Scopus, SportDiscus, PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were reviewed in February 2020. Only studies with pre-post measurements and control groups were included. The impact of PA-based interventions was explored through different meta-analyses and moderator analyses. Results: Altogether, 20 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Positive and significant effects of PA were determined on self-perceived physical appearance (g = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.23), self-perceived sport competence (g = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.51), self-perceived physical fitness (g = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.32), PSC (g = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.52), and GSC (g = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.33). The existence of additional interventions in PA-based programmes (e.g., interventions focused on psychological factors or healthy habits) moderated the influence of PA on self-perceived sport competence and physical fitness. Moreover, environment and time were distinguished as moderators for self-perceived physical appearance and sport competence. Further, intervention type, gender, and frequency of intervention moderated the effects of PA on PSC. Conclusions: PA-based interventions, especially in school, seem to be beneficial for the development of positive physical self-perceptions.
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Capper TE, Brennan SF, Woodside JV, McKinley MC. What makes interventions aimed at improving dietary behaviours successful in the secondary school environment? A systematic review of systematic reviews. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:2448-2464. [PMID: 35357283 PMCID: PMC9991643 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022000829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review evidence from systematic reviews of interventions to improve dietary behaviours and reduce food wastage in secondary school pupils. DESIGN CINAHL, Cochrane Reviews, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO and Web of Science were searched for systematic reviews of school-based dietary interventions from 2000 to 2020 published in a peer-reviewed journal in English. Articles were reviewed independently by two authors. AMSTAR-2 was used for quality assessment. SETTING Secondary school dietary interventions. PARTICIPANTS Adolescents (aged 11-18). RESULTS In total, thirteen systematic reviews of dietary interventions in secondary schools met the inclusion criteria. A number of key characteristics of interventions that contributed to improvements in food choices in secondary school pupils were identified. These included the combination of education and environmental restructuring, incorporation of computer-based feedback, media or messaging, peer and/or parent involvement, an increase in the availability of healthy foods and the use of behavioural theory as a basis to the intervention. Intervention components that contributed specifically to a reduction in sugar-sweetened beverage intake or an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption, which are particularly relevant to adolescents, could not be determined. Similarly, evidence for interventions that improve nutritional knowledge and attitudes was limited. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review of systematic reviews has identified a number of components of dietary interventions that can be explored to improve dietary behaviours in secondary school environments and, if demonstrated to be effective, be considered for inclusion in policies and strategies to improve the school food environment and promote dietary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- TE Capper
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Grosvenor Road, BelfastBT12 6BJ, UK
| | - SF Brennan
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Grosvenor Road, BelfastBT12 6BJ, UK
| | - JV Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Grosvenor Road, BelfastBT12 6BJ, UK
| | - MC McKinley
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Grosvenor Road, BelfastBT12 6BJ, UK
- Corresponding author: Email
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Mackey ER, Burton ET, Cadieux A, Getzoff E, Santos M, Ward W, Beck AR. Addressing Structural Racism Is Critical for Ameliorating the Childhood Obesity Epidemic in Black Youth. Child Obes 2022; 18:75-83. [PMID: 34491828 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Racism and childhood obesity are both pervasive factors adversely affecting the health and wellbeing of children and adolescents in the United States. The association between racism and obesity has been touched upon in the literature; yet most work has focused on a few dimensions of intersectionality of these two domains at one time. The renewed focus on structural racism as the primary contributor to distress of Black individuals in the United States has highlighted the urgency of identifying the contributions of racism to the childhood obesity epidemic. The current article is not a complete review of the literature, rather, it is meant to take a broad narrative review of the myriad ways in which racism contributes to the obesity epidemic in Black youth to serve as a call to action for more research, prevention, and intervention. The current article illustrates how a number of mechanisms for the etiology and maintenance of obesity are heavily influenced by racism and how addressing racism is critical for ameliorating the childhood obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor R Mackey
- Children's National Hospital, Center for Translational Research, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E Thomaseo Burton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Adelle Cadieux
- Department of Behavioral Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Lansing MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Getzoff
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology, Mt. Washington Pediatric Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Santos
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Connecticut Children's, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Wendy Ward
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas Medical Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Amy R Beck
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition and Division of Developmental and Behavioral Health, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri, Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Slaton A, Kowalski AJ, Zemanick A, Pulling Kuhn A, Hager ER, Black MM. Motor Competence and Attainment of Global Physical Activity Guidelines among a Statewide Sample of Preschoolers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228546. [PMID: 33217996 PMCID: PMC7698764 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Global physical activity guidelines for preschoolers include 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. This study, based on the developmental model of motor skill competence, examines how motor competence relates to preschoolers’ likelihood of meeting global guidelines using ankle accelerometry. We measured physical activity using 24-h ankle-placement accelerometry (Actical) for at least two consecutive days (87% with six-seven days), motor competence using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2), and BMI-for-age z-scores (BMIz) using anthropometry and age- and sex-specific CDC norms. Caregivers provided demographic characteristics of children’s age, sex, and race. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine how motor competence, BMIz weight status, and demographic characteristics related to meeting global physical activity guidelines. The sample included 588 preschoolers, age 3–5 years; 55% male; 60% white; and 28% overweight/obese; 75% attained the recommended 60 min of MVPA per day. The odds of meeting MVPA guidelines were associated with higher gross motor quotient, higher object control scores, sex (male), age (older), and race (white), but not with BMIz weight status. Findings support the use of 24-h ankle accelerometry among preschoolers and are consistent with the developmental model of motor competence applied to preschoolers, whereby object control competence relates positively to attaining global physical activity guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Slaton
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (A.J.K.); (A.Z.); (A.P.K.); (E.R.H.)
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Alysse J. Kowalski
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (A.J.K.); (A.Z.); (A.P.K.); (E.R.H.)
| | - Amy Zemanick
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (A.J.K.); (A.Z.); (A.P.K.); (E.R.H.)
| | - Ann Pulling Kuhn
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (A.J.K.); (A.Z.); (A.P.K.); (E.R.H.)
| | - Erin R. Hager
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (A.J.K.); (A.Z.); (A.P.K.); (E.R.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (A.J.K.); (A.Z.); (A.P.K.); (E.R.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
- Correspondence:
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Robinson LE, Wang L, Colabianchi N, Stodden DF, Ulrich D. Protocol for a two-cohort randomized cluster clinical trial of a motor skills intervention: The Promoting Activity and Trajectories of Health (PATH) Study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037497. [PMID: 32532781 PMCID: PMC7295413 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data supports that motor skills are an underlying mechanism that influence physical activity along with perceived motor and physical competence, but the relationship between motor skills and physical activity during the early years is unclear. The goal of this study, Promoting Activity and Trajectories of Health (PATH) for Children, is to examine and compare the immediate (pre-test to post-test) and sustained (3-year follow-up) effect of an intervention on motor performance, physical activity and perceived physical competence to a control condition (ie, standard practice) in preschool-age children. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The PATH study is a two-cohort, randomised cluster clinical trial. 300 children between the ages of >3.5 to 5 years of age will be randomised to the motor skill intervention (n=153) or control (n=147) condition. Each assessment involves a measure of motor skill performance; product and process, seven consecutive days of physical activity monitoring and perceived physical competence. These measures will be assessed before and after the intervention (pre-test to post-test) and then each academic year across 3 years, grades kindergarten, first grade and second grade (3-year follow-up). To assess the clustered longitudinal effect of the intervention on outcome measures, random-effects models (eg, mixed model regression, growth curve modelling and structural equation modelling) will be used. The PATH study addresses gaps in paediatric exercise science research. Findings hold the potential to help shape public health and educational policies and interventions that support healthy development and active living during the early years. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval for this study was obtained through the Health Sciences and Behavioral Sciences Institutional Review Board, University of Michigan (HUM00133319). The PATH study is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Findings will be disseminated via print, online media, dissemination events and practitioner and/or research journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NHLBI ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT03189862. Registered 17 August 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03189862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Robinson
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Natalie Colabianchi
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Dale Ulrich
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Venturelli F, Ferrari F, Broccoli S, Bonvicini L, Mancuso P, Bargellini A, Giorgi Rossi P. The effect of Public Health/Pediatric Obesity interventions on socioeconomic inequalities in childhood obesity: A scoping review. Obes Rev 2019; 20:1720-1739. [PMID: 31468647 PMCID: PMC6899709 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has a strong social gradient. This scoping review aims to synthesize the evidence on the impact on inequalities of non-targeted interventions to reduce the prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity in high-income countries. We updated a review by Hillier-Brown, searching up to 31 December 2017 on MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, with no limitations on study design. Fifty-eight studies describing 51 interventions were included: 31 randomized clinical trials and 27 non-randomized trials, with sample sizes from 67 to 2,700,880 subjects. The majority were implemented in the school setting at a community level; the others were in health services or general population setting and targeting individuals or the system. Twenty-nine interventions proved to be effective overall; seven others had an effect only in a subgroup, while 15 proved not to be effective. All types of included interventions can increase inequalities. Moreover, some interventions had opposite effects based on the socioeconomic characteristics. Any kind of intervention can reduce equity. Consequences are difficult to predict based on intervention construct. Complex interventions acting on multiple targets, settings, and risk factors are more effective and have a lower risk of increasing inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Venturelli
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrari
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Serena Broccoli
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Bonvicini
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pamela Mancuso
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bargellini
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Arlinghaus KR, O'Connor DP, Johnston CA. Frequency of school-based intervention needed to improve weight outcomes of Mexican-American adolescents with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12568. [PMID: 31368249 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacious school-based interventions among ethnic minority youth are often intensive and difficult to disseminate. OBJECTIVE This parallel, open-label-randomized controlled trial aimed to compare changes in adolescent-standardized body mass index (zBMI) from a school-based obesity intervention given 0, 1, 3, or 5 days a week. METHODS Mexican-American youth (n = 243) with overweight or obesity were recruited from a Houston school district and randomized to receive an obesity intervention with established efficacy 0 (control), 1, 3, or 5 d/wk (respectively, equating to 0, 40, 120, or 200 min of contact each week). In each condition, 80% of intervention time was allocated to physical activity and 20% to nutrition, with behavioural modification overlaid throughout. zBMI was calculated from directly measured height and weight. A linear mixed model evaluated differences in zBMI over time between conditions. RESULTS Participants were 12.02 ± 0.57 years old with a zBMI of 1.80 ± 0.46 at baseline. Among those with complete data at 1 year (n = 203), a significant condition by time interaction was indicated (F = 9.42, P < .001). Those who received the intervention 3 or 5 d/wk had significantly greater decreases in zBMI than control (respectively, -0.19 zBMI units/y; 95% CI, -0.28 to -0.11; and -0.18 zBMI units/y; 95% CI, -0.27 to -0.10, both P < .001). No differences were found between 3 and 5 d/wk (95% CI, -0.09-0.08, P = .87). CONCLUSIONS The intervention provided 3 d/wk resulted in similar zBMI improvements as the intervention provided 5 d/wk. This information can be used to develop scalable school-based obesity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel P O'Connor
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Craig A Johnston
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Capper T, Brennan S, Woodside J, McKinley M. The EIT Food School Network: Integrating solutions to improve eating habits and reduce food wastage in secondary schoolchildren. NUTR BULL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Capper
- Centre for Public Health Belfast Queen's University Belfast Ringgold Belfast UK
| | - S. Brennan
- Centre for Public Health Belfast Queen's University Belfast Ringgold Belfast UK
| | - J. Woodside
- Centre for Public Health Belfast Queen's University Belfast Ringgold Belfast UK
| | - M. McKinley
- Centre for Public Health Belfast Queen's University Belfast Ringgold Belfast UK
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Jayne J. Incorporation of Edutainment Into Intervention and Evaluation: The Jump With Jill ( JWJ) Program. Front Public Health 2019; 7:163. [PMID: 31294013 PMCID: PMC6606726 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To incorporate media strategies (e.g., edutainment) into a pilot nutrition education intervention, Jump with Jill (JWJ), to (1) change student knowledge and intentions; (2) stimulate enthusiasm; and (3) enhance evaluation. Methods: Third graders (n = 194) completed a pre-survey, attended a 60-min nutrition education show presented as a school assembly, and then completed a post-survey. Data was collected interactively, where students lined up behind an emoji that best represented their answers. Results: Statistically significant improvements were reported for drink preferences and enjoyment of nutrition education as well as the experience of taking a survey. All aggregate responses for knowledge, attitudes and intention became significantly more positive (p = 0.05). Furthermore, ~95% reported positive ratings to participating in the survey (P < 0.0001). Discussion: Use of edutainment may serve to stimulate change in nutrition knowledge and intention in 3rd grade students. Perfecting this teaching strategy into evaluations of health promotion programming may serve the field by increasing accuracy of student responses when language, reading level, or survey inexperience are barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Jayne
- Jump with Jill, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Moore SM, Borawski EA, Love TE, Jones S, Casey T, McAleer S, Thomas C, Adegbite-Adeniyi C, Uli NK, Hardin HK, Trapl ES, Plow M, Stevens J, Truesdale KP, Pratt CA, Long M, Nevar A. Two Family Interventions to Reduce BMI in Low-Income Urban Youth: A Randomized Trial. Pediatrics 2019; 143:e20182185. [PMID: 31126971 PMCID: PMC6565337 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our primary aim was to evaluate the effects of 2 family-based obesity management interventions compared with a control group on BMI in low-income adolescents with overweight or obesity. METHODS In this randomized clinical trial, 360 urban-residing youth and a parent were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 behaviorally distinct family interventions or an education-only control group. Eligible children were entering the sixth grade with a BMI ≥85th percentile. Interventions were 3 years in length; data were collected annually for 3 years. Effects of the interventions on BMI slope (primary outcome) over 3 years and a set of secondary outcomes were assessed. RESULTS Participants were primarily African American (77%), had a family income of <25 000 per year, and obese at enrollment (68%). BMI increased over time in all study groups, with group increases ranging from 0.95 to 1.08. In an intent-to-treat analysis, no significant differences were found in adjusted BMI slopes between either of the family-based interventions and the control group (P = .35). No differences were found between the experimental and control groups on secondary outcomes of diet, physical activity, sleep, perceived stress, or cardiometabolic factors. No evidence of effect modification of the study arms by sex, race and/or ethnicity, household income, baseline levels of child and parent obesity, or exposure to a school fitness program were found. CONCLUSIONS In this low-income, adolescent population, neither of the family-based interventions improved BMI or health-related secondary outcomes. Future interventions should more fully address poverty and other social issues contributing to childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas E Love
- Departments of Educational Programs in Clinical Research and
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sarah Jones
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, Illinois
| | - Terri Casey
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sarah McAleer
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Charles Thomas
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Naveen K Uli
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | | | - June Stevens
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kimberly P Truesdale
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Charlotte A Pratt
- Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | | | - Ann Nevar
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
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Sacko RS, Nesbitt D, McIver K, Brian A, Bardid F, Stodden DF. Children's metabolic expenditure during object projection skill performance: New insight for activity intensity relativity. J Sports Sci 2019; 37:1755-1761. [PMID: 30900951 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1592801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine children's energy expenditure (EE) during object projection skill performance at three intensity intervals. Methods: Children's (42, Mage = 8.1) average metabolic equivalents of task (METs) were calculated using a COSMED K4b2 while they repeatedly performed blocks of kicking, throwing (overhand), and striking (two-handed) during 6, 12, and 30-s interval conditions. A repeated-measures analysis of covariance examined differences in METs while controlling for skill level. Results: Data indicated a main effect for interval condition (df = 2, 123, F = 94.36, p <.001, η2 = .605). Post hoc t-tests demonstrated decreasing performance interval times yielded progressively higher METs (p <.001) across the three conditions (30s = 4.5±0.8 METs, 12s = 6.3±1.3, 6s = 8.3±1.6). There also was a main effect for sex (df = 1,120, F = 52.28, p <.001 η2 = .305). Boys demonstrated higher METs at each performance interval (p <.001). Conclusion: Skill practice with a maximum of one trial every 30s resulted in the equivalent of at least moderate physical activity (>4.0 METs) and intervals of 6s demonstrated vigorous physical activity (>7.0 METs). Practicing/performing object projection skills, even at intervals that allow for adequate instruction and feedback (i.e., 1 trial/30s), promotes MVPA in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Sacko
- a Department of Health and Human Performance , The Citadel , Charleston , SC , USA
| | - Danielle Nesbitt
- b Department of Physical Education , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Kerry McIver
- c Department of Exercise Science , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Ali Brian
- b Department of Physical Education , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Farid Bardid
- d School of Education , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK.,e Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - David F Stodden
- b Department of Physical Education , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA
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Kumanyika S. The Sociocultural Context for Obesity Prevention and Treatment in Children and Adolescents: Influences of Ethnicity and Gender. CONTEMPORARY ENDOCRINOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68192-4_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Stacey FG, Finch M, Wolfenden L, Grady A, Jessop K, Wedesweiler T, Bartlem K, Jones J, Sutherland R, Vandevijvere S, Wu JHY, Yoong SL. Evidence of the Potential Effectiveness of Centre-Based Childcare Policies and Practices on Child Diet and Physical Activity: Consolidating Evidence from Systematic Reviews of Intervention Trials and Observational Studies. Curr Nutr Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-017-0212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effects of a School-Based Intervention on BMI z-Scores and Fitness Parameters in Mississippi Delta Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/intjsh.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Knight KB, W. Cole J, M. Dodd L, B. Oakley C. Eating Good and Moving Like We Should: A Consideration for Registered Dietitians in Schools. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/intjsh-43043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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16
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Peeters A, Blake MRC. Socioeconomic Inequalities in Diet Quality: from Identifying the Problem to Implementing Solutions. Curr Nutr Rep 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-016-0167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Robinson LE, Stodden DF, Barnett LM, Lopes VP, Logan SW, Rodrigues LP, D'Hondt E. Motor Competence and its Effect on Positive Developmental Trajectories of Health. Sports Med 2016. [PMID: 26201678 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 598] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In 2008, Stodden and colleagues took a unique developmental approach toward addressing the potential role of motor competence in promoting positive or negative trajectories of physical activity, health-related fitness, and weight status. The conceptual model proposed synergistic relationships among physical activity, motor competence, perceived motor competence, health-related physical fitness, and obesity with associations hypothesized to strengthen over time. At the time the model was proposed, limited evidence was available to support or refute the model hypotheses. Over the past 6 years, the number of investigations exploring these relationships has increased significantly. Thus, it is an appropriate time to examine published data that directly or indirectly relate to specific pathways noted in the conceptual model. Evidence indicates that motor competence is positively associated with perceived competence and multiple aspects of health (i.e., physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and a healthy weight status). However, questions related to the increased strength of associations across time and antecedent/consequent mechanisms remain. An individual's physical and psychological development is a complex and multifaceted process that synergistically evolves across time. Understanding the most salient factors that influence health and well-being and how relationships among these factors change across time is a critical need for future research in this area. This knowledge could aid in addressing the declining levels of physical activity and fitness along with the increasing rates of obesity across childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Robinson
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2214, USA.
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education and Athletic Training, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vitor P Lopes
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD) and Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Samuel W Logan
- School of Biological and Population Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Luis Paulo Rodrigues
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer de Melgaço, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, and CIDESD, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Eva D'Hondt
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
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18
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Vinci DM, Whitt-Glover MC, Wirth CK, Kraus C, Venezia AP. Let's Wiggle with 5-2-1-0: Curriculum Development for Training Childcare Providers to Promote Activity in Childcare Settings. J Obes 2016; 2016:8967092. [PMID: 27462468 PMCID: PMC4947646 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8967092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are increasing in preschool children in the US. Policy, systems, and environmental change interventions in childcare settings can improve obesity-related behaviors. The aim of this study was to develop and pilot an intervention to train childcare providers to promote physical activity (PA) in childcare classrooms. An evidence scan, key informant (n = 34) and focus group (n = 20) interviews with childcare directors and staff, and environmental self-assessment of childcare facilities (n = 22) informed the design of the training curriculum. Feedback from the interviews indicated that childcare providers believed in the importance of teaching children about PA and were supportive of training teachers to incorporate PA into classroom settings. The Promoting Physical Activity in Childcare Setting Curriculum was developed and training was implemented with 16 teachers. Participants reported a positive experience with the hands-on training and reported acquiring new knowledge that they intended to implement in their childcare settings. Our findings highlight the feasibility of working with childcare staff to develop PA training and curriculum. Next steps include evaluating the curriculum in additional childcare settings and childcare staff implementation of the curriculum to understand the effectiveness of the training on PA levels of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra M. Vinci
- Health Promotion, Department of Exercise Science and Community Health, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA
- *Debra M. Vinci:
| | | | - Christopher K. Wirth
- Physical Education, Department of Exercise Science and Community Health, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA
| | - Caroline Kraus
- Gramercy Research Group, 7990 N. Point Boulevard, Suite 108, Winston-Salem, NC 27106, USA
| | - Alexandra P. Venezia
- Department of Exercise Science and Community Health, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA
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19
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Dietary intake and meal frequency of Brazilian girls attending a school-based randomized controlled trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/nfs-06-2015-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– This paper aims to evaluate the effects of a school-based obesity prevention program targeting Brazilian adolescent girls on dietary intake and meal frequency.
Design/methodology/approach
– It was a six-month school-based group randomized controlled trial with female adolescents. The intervention was based on the Social Cognitive Theory and focused on ten nutrition and physical activity key messages. Diet intake was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and the food items were aggregate into the eight food groups of the Brazilian Food Guide Pyramid. The meals frequency assessed were breakfast, lunch, dinner and snack-in-between-meals, the frequency ranged from never to everyday. Linear mixed models were used to examine the dietary effects and chi-squared test to identify proportional differences among groups in meal frequency. All analyses followed intention-to-treat principles and alpha levels of p ≤ 0.05 were set.
Findings
– After six months from baseline, changes in the fruits (mean [SE] 12.48 kcal [7.86], p = 0.005), vegetables (8.80 kcal [7.11], p = 0.006) and sugar (−55.98 kcal [50.70], p = 0.036) groups were demonstrated. Proportional difference was shown for snack-in-between-meals (p = 0.001), and the frequency most cited was for “five to six days” per week.
Originality/value
– The “Healthy Habits, Healthy Girls-Brazil” showed promise in the adolescents’ dietary intake and could be used as framework for future interventions. Also, the methods used for dietary intake can be enhanced and implemented for future studies.
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20
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Evans CEL, Albar SA, Vargas-Garcia EJ, Xu F. School-Based Interventions to Reduce Obesity Risk in Children in High- and Middle-Income Countries. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2015; 76:29-77. [PMID: 26602571 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
School-based interventions are relatively new and were first introduced in the United States in the 1990s. Early programs were mainly education based with many of the findings now embedded in school policy in the form of a healthy eating curriculum. More recent school programs have taken education outside the classroom and attempted to engage parents as well as teachers. Environmental changes such as improving the quality of foods available at lunchtime and at other times during the school day are now common. Reviews of evaluations of school-based programs have demonstrated that they are effective and successfully improve dietary quality such as increasing fruit and vegetable intake and decreasing sweet and savory snacks and sweetened drinks; not just in school but over the whole day and particularly in younger school children. School-based interventions are also effective at reducing obesity if components to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviors are also targeted but not if only dietary behaviors are tackled. Most of the high-quality evaluation studies using randomized controlled trials have been carried out in high-income countries as they are costly to run. However, middle-income countries have benefitted from the information available from these evaluation studies and many are now starting to fund and evaluate school-based programs themselves, resulting in unique problems such as concomitant under- and overnutrition being addressed. Action for the future demands more focus on populations most at risk of poor dietary quality and obesity in order to reduce inequalities in health and on adolescents who have not benefited as much as younger children from school-based interventions. This will involve innovative solutions within schools as well as targeting the food environment outside schools such as reducing the density of fast-food outlets and marketing of sweet and savory snacks and drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E L Evans
- Lecturer in Public Health Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Salwa Ali Albar
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, King Abdul-Aziz University, PO Box 42807, 21551 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Elisa J Vargas-Garcia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Fei Xu
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2, Zizhulin, Nanjing 210003, China
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21
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Kumanyika SK, Swank M, Stachecki J, Whitt-Glover MC, Brennan LK. Examining the evidence for policy and environmental strategies to prevent childhood obesity in black communities: new directions and next steps. Obes Rev 2014; 15 Suppl 4:177-203. [PMID: 25196413 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to physical and policy environments that limit availability, affordability and appeal of healthy eating and active living options is higher for U.S. blacks than whites. This may contribute to high risk of obesity in black communities and limit effectiveness of preventive interventions. Here, we assess applicability to black Americans of findings from a prior evidence review system designed to accelerate the discovery and application of policy and environmental strategies for childhood obesity prevention and assess external validity. The database included 600 peer-reviewed articles reporting data from 396 sets of studies (study groupings) published from January 2000 through May 2009 and pertained to 24 types of policy and environmental strategies. Only 33 study groupings (~8%) included ≥ 50% black Americans or reported subgroup analyses. Of 10 evaluation studies for interventions rated as effective for all populations in the primary review, 8 suggested effectiveness of child-focused interventions in school or child care settings for obesity- or physical activity-related outcomes in black Americans. Overall findings highlight the need for rigorous evaluations of interventions that reach black children in community or institutional settings, and conceptual frameworks and research designs geared to identifying ethnic or ethnicity-income group differences in intervention effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kumanyika
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Whitt-Glover MC, Kumanyika SK, Haire-Joshu D. Introduction to the special issue on achieving healthy weight in black American communities. Obes Rev 2014; 15 Suppl 4:1-4. [PMID: 25196403 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is high in the United States, and highest among racial and ethnic minority groups. This special issue of Obesity Reviews is based upon evidence reviews prepared for and presented at a national invited workshop convened by the African American Collaborative Obesity Research Network (AACORN) in August of 2012. A set of potential topics was developed, a priori, and AACORN network members and colleagues with relevant expertise were invited to lead evidence reviews. The result is 10 articles focused on providing a comprehensive picture of what is known and unknown about interventions to prevent and treat obesity or improve weight-related behaviours in African American adults and children. Evidence reviews included in this special issue focus on children and adolescents (n=2); adults from various perspectives (n=5); eHealth interventions (n=1); interventions within faith organizations (n=1); and environmental and policy change interventions (n=1). Overall, the reviews show a small evidence base for research on African Americans and call for additional prioritization of funding to include studies that can inform action and bring progress in obesity prevention and treatment in African Americans on par with the scope and seriousness of the problem.
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Whitt-Glover MC, Keith NR, Ceaser TG, Virgil K, Ledford L, Hasson RE. A systematic review of physical activity interventions among African American adults: evidence from 2009 to 2013. Obes Rev 2014; 15 Suppl 4:125-45. [PMID: 25196410 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This review extends findings from four previous reviews of physical activity (PA) interventions among African Americans (AA) and includes papers published between January 2009 and August 2013. Eligible papers were retrieved using strategies employed in previous reviews. Overall, 16 relevant papers were identified, including four pilot studies and 12 full trials. Interventions were based on a variety of behavioural sciences theories. The most common setting for interventions was churches. Most interventions lasted >6 months; few interventions included >6 months of post-intervention follow-up. Overall, studies identified within-group differences showing positive improvements in PA, and most studies showed statistically significant between-group differences in at least one measure of PA. A quality score was used to rate various elements of the studies and provide a numerical assessment of each paper; scores ranged from 3 to 10 out of 13 possible points. The current review indicates a continued need for studies that use objective PA measures, assess long-term intervention impact, provide specific PA goals for interventions, include more attention to strategies that can increase retention and adherence among AA study participants, include AA men and determine the independent and synergistic effects of individual and environmental (socio-cultural and built) change strategies.
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24
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Kumanyika SK, Whitt-Glover MC, Haire-Joshu D. What works for obesity prevention and treatment in black Americans? Research directions. Obes Rev 2014; 15 Suppl 4:204-12. [PMID: 25196414 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Obesity prevalence in black/African American children and adults of both sexes is high overall and compared with US whites. What we know, and do not know, about how to enhance the effectiveness of obesity prevention and treatment interventions in African Americans is the focus of the 10 articles in this special issue of Obesity Reviews. The evidence base is limited in quantity and quality and insufficient to provide clear guidance. With respect to children, there is relatively consistent, but not definitive support for prioritizing the systematic implementation and evaluation of child-focused interventions in pre-school and school settings and outside of school time. For adults or all ages, developing and refining e-health approaches and faith-based or other culturally and contextually relevant approaches, including translation of the Diabetes Prevention Program intervention to community settings is indicated. Major evidence gaps were identified with respect to interventions with black men and boys, ways to increase participation and retention of black adults in lifestyle behaviour change programmes, and studies of the impact of environmental and policy changes on eating and physical activity in black communities. Bold steps related to research funding priorities, research infrastructure and methodological guidelines are recommended to improve the quantity and quality of research in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kumanyika
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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