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Huertas-Domingo C, Losada-Baltar A, Gallego-Alberto L, García-Batalloso I, García-García L, Márquez-González M. Profiles of Dementia Caregivers according to Psychosocial and Resource Variables. Importance of Kinship. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 27:e15. [PMID: 38769838 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2024.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the existence of different profiles in family caregivers of people with dementia according to psychosocial and resource variables. In addition, it aims to study whether there is a greater representation of each kinship group in each of the profiles and if there are differences in emotional distress among such profiles considering the kinship with the care-recipient. Participants were 288 family dementia caregivers, divided into four kinship groups (wives, husbands, sons and daughters). Psychosocial (familism, dysfunctional thoughts and experiential avoidance), resource (leisure activities and social support) and outcomes (depressive, anxious and guilt symptomatology) variables were collected. A hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward's method, an exploratory factor analysis of two fixed factors and contingency tables were performed. Five clusters were obtained: Low psychosocial vulnerability-High resources, Low psychosocial vulnerability-Low resources, Mixed, High psychosocial vulnerability-High resources, and High psychosocial vulnerability-Low resources. Results suggested that clusters associated with lower distress were the Low psychosocial vulnerability-High resources and the High psychosocial vulnerability-High resources. Clusters associated with higher distress were the Low psychosocial vulnerability-Low resources and Mixed. High levels of dysfunctional thoughts, familism and experiential avoidance do not always have a maladaptive function. This could depend on sociocultural and resource variables such as the kinship with the caregiver or perceived social support. The identification of profiles of family caregivers potentially needing protection and vulnerable to psychological distress could help to increase the effectiveness of interventions aimed at this population.
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Brewster GS, Wang D, McPhillips MV, Epps F, Yang I. Correlates of Sleep Disturbance Experienced by Informal Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia: A Systematic Review. Clin Gerontol 2024; 47:380-407. [PMID: 36314643 PMCID: PMC10148929 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2139655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to comprehensively review and update the literature concerning the correlates of sleep disturbance among caregivers of persons living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias to identify gaps in the literature and antecedent targets for interventions. METHODS We searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase using terms related to "sleep," "caregiver," and "dementia." RESULTS Thirty-six articles were included in this review. Based on the antecedents within the 3P model of insomnia, predisposing factors associated with caregiver sleep included caregiver demographics, and physiological factors like genotype and biomarkers. Precipitating factors related to caregiver sleep included caregiving status and responsibilities, and person living with dementia factors. CONCLUSIONS Sleep disturbance is a significant issue for caregivers of persons living with dementia. However, this review has identified multiple precipitating factors that are modifiable targets for interventions to improve or enhance caregiver sleep. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Numerous predisposing and precipitating factors contribute to caregivers of persons living with dementia being susceptible to sleep disturbance. Healthcare providers should ask patients about their caregiving status during annual visits. Healthcare providers should also evaluate caregivers' sleep patterns, and the predisposing and precipitating factors of sleep disturbance, with a focus on the modifiable factors, to enable timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenna S. Brewster
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dingyue Wang
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Fayron Epps
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Irene Yang
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Buckinx F, Adam S, Aubertin-Leheudre M, De Saint Hubert M, Mouton A, Potier F, Reginster JY, Bruyere O. Quality of Life and Health Determinants of Informal Caregivers Aged 65 Years and Over. EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2023; 4:464-482. [PMID: 37987311 PMCID: PMC10660726 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia4040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Informal caregivers' own quality of life, health status, and determinants are poorly understood despite their concern for the health of the individuals they assist. To compare the quality of life and the health determinants of older informal caregivers with those of older adults without caregiving responsibilities. An online survey was designed to investigate the quality of life and the health determinants of people aged 65 years and over, with a focus on informal caregivers. In addition to socio-demographic data, the number of informal caregivers was ascertained and the Zarit scale of caregiver burden was applied. Quality of life (SF-12) and health determinants (access to technology and level of physical activity (IPAQ)) were assessed and compared between informal caregivers and non-caregivers. A total of 111 participants were included in the study (70 ± 3.83 years, 71.2% women). The majority of respondents (91.8%) were Belgian. One-third of the respondents identified themselves as informal caregivers and declared themselves as having a severe burden (61.9 ± 15.2/88). Socio-demographic characteristics and access to technology were similar between informal caregivers and non-caregivers (p > 0.05). However, informal caregivers had a lower SF-12 score in the mental score domain (44.3 ± 10.2 vs. 50.7 ± 7.0; p = 0.004) and a lower level of physical activity (434 ± 312 METS/min/week vs. 1126 ± 815 METS/min/week; p = 0.01) than their peers. Informal caregivers reported a lower quality of life and a lower level of physical activity than their peers. Given the recognized importance of physical activity for overall health, this survey highlights the need to promote physical activity among older informal caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Buckinx
- WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculo-Skeletal Health and Ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Adam
- Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre
- Département des Sciences de L'activité Physique & Centre de Recherche de L'institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Faculté des Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Marie De Saint Hubert
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, CHU UCL Namur, Institut de Recherche Santé Société, UCLouvain, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Mouton
- Research Unit for a Life-Course Perspective on Health & Education-RUCHE, Department of Sports Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Florence Potier
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, CHU UCL Namur, Institut de Recherche Santé Société, UCLouvain, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculo-Skeletal Health and Ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Bruyere
- WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculo-Skeletal Health and Ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Research Unit for a Life-Course Perspective on Health & Education-RUCHE, Department of Sports Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Paulson D, McClure N, Wharton T, Gendron E, Allen Q, Irfan H. Caregiver Preparedness: A Therapeutic Mechanism and Moderating Factor on Outcomes for the Savvy Caregiver Program. Clin Gerontol 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37530457 PMCID: PMC10834848 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2023.2242357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence-based interventions for dementia caregivers, such as the Savvy Caregiver Program (SC), seek to address skills and knowledge deficits, caregiver burden, depressive symptoms, and grief. Little research has examined mechanisms by which these interventions accomplish their goals. Caregiver preparedness may be a possible mechanism by which caregiver interventions may confer benefits. METHODS The sample included 76 dementia caregivers who completed the 6-session SC. Participants completed the Anticipatory Grief Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale, and the Zarit Burden Interview-Short Form. RESULTS A repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to determine the interaction between baseline scores and pre-post change in caregiver preparedness. Analysis significantly predicted caregiver burden, (F(1) = 6.68, p=.012, partial η2=.10), depressive symptom endorsement, (F(1) = 6.41, p=.014, partial η2=.09, and anticipatory grief, (F(1) = 6.22, p=.02, partial η2=.1), post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Pre-post change in caregiver preparedness significantly predicted pre-post change across measures of caregiver burden, depressive symptom endorsement, and anticipatory grief. Findings suggest that caregiver preparedness may be one mechanism by which the SC confers positive outcomes. These findings provide an empirical and theoretical basis for tailoring future dementia caregiver interventions. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinical Interventions may seek to improve caregiver preparedness and subsequent outcomes through utilization of programs like SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paulson
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Alzheimer's and Dementia Resource Center, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Nicole McClure
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Tracy Wharton
- Principal Research Scientist, National Network of Public Health Institutes, Washington, USA
| | - Edith Gendron
- Chief Operating Officer of ADRC, Winter Park, Florida, USA
| | - Quinn Allen
- Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
| | - Hanya Irfan
- Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
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Brewster GS, Pierpaoli Parker C, Epps F, Bonds Johnson K, Yeager KA. Sleep Profiles of Caregivers for Persons Living with Dementia: A Qualitative Study. West J Nurs Res 2023; 45:688-695. [PMID: 37161397 DOI: 10.1177/01939459231175242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is prevalent among caregivers of people living with dementia. However, gaps exist about caregivers' sleep patterns before and during their caregiving trajectory. This exploratory secondary analysis using a qualitative descriptive approach aimed to (1) identify and describe current caregivers' patterns of change in sleep before and during caregiving, and (2) understand caregivers' perceptions of their current sleep compared to their pre-caregiving sleep. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 caregivers taking part in a larger randomized controlled trial. Participants were female (n = 11), white (n = 13) and on average 63 years of age. Interview questions focused on caregivers' sleep patterns. The interviews were audio-recorded using a videoconferencing platform and ranged from 20 to 45 minutes. We conducted thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. Three distinct caregiver-sleep profiles emerged from the qualitative data: changed and dissatisfied, changed and satisfied, and unchanged and dissatisfied. Caregivers whose sleep was categorized as changed reported a difference when comparing their current sleep pattern to their pre-caregiving sleep pattern. This was usually a change from good to poor sleep. Caregivers whose sleep was unchanged had poor sleep pre-caregiving and continued to have poor sleep during caregiving. Caregivers also reported being satisfied or dissatisfied with their current sleep pattern, defined in terms of distress and impairment. These three subtypes highlight the heterogeneity of caregivers' sleep experiences and debut a useful clinical framework with which to identify, categorize, and target caregivers at risk for sleep disturbance, many who may be ready to engage in behaviors to improve their sleep. Knowing caregivers' sleep profiles will enable health care providers and researchers to determine caregivers' needs and readiness for interventions then work collaboratively with them to improve their sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenna S Brewster
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christina Pierpaoli Parker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Fayron Epps
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Katherine A Yeager
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the efficacy of a theoretically based, 6-week dementia caregiver support group in a primary care setting. METHODS Using a quasi-experimental design, 22 participants completed the caregiver support group. Participants were mostly in their mid-60 s (M = 63 years old), female (n = 19), Caucasian (n = 14), and identified as either the care recipient's child or spouse (n = 19). At baseline and 6 weeks, participants completed self-report measures related to demographic information, caregiver preparedness, strain, and depressive symptoms, and care recipient's neuropsychiatric symptoms. Participants also completed a satisfaction survey. Within-subjects t-tests were run to determine if participants' scores changed over time. RESULTS Results revealed that participants demonstrated a significant increase in mean caregiver preparedness scores. No significant effects were found for caregiver strain, depressive symptoms, and distress related to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Participants rated being largely satisfied with the program. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that this 6-week caregiver support group may be a promising caregiver intervention in primary care clinics. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Findings support the importance of caregiver support for persons with dementia in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Shah Barman
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Paulson
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Anderson JG, Jabson Tree JM, Flatt JD, Gross AL, Williams IC, Rose KM. A Comparative Analysis of Family Quality of Life Between Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Caregivers of People with Dementia. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:1576-1584. [PMID: 35343304 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221079496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing care for someone with Alzheimer's disease or related dementias (ADRD) is associated with significant physical and mental strain affecting quality of life among caregivers. However, little attention has been given to sexual minority (SM; lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer) people caring for those with ADRD. In this cross-sectional study, we used psychosocial measures to describe the characteristics and family quality of life of SM and heterosexual caregivers for people with ADRD. SM caregivers were significantly younger and more frequently reported full or part-time employment compared with their heterosexual counterparts. Lesbian and bisexual caregivers reported more difficulty in paying for everyday basics. After controlling for demographic covariates, SM caregivers had significantly higher family quality of life scores compared with heterosexual caregivers. This study is among the first to compare family quality of life between SM and heterosexual caregivers. Findings can guide development of targeted interventions for SM caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel G Anderson
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | - Jason D Flatt
- School of Public Health, 14722University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Alden L Gross
- 25802Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ishan C Williams
- School of Nursing, 2358University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Karen M Rose
- Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, College of Nursing, 2647The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Ryuno H, Yamaguchi Y, Greiner C. Effect of Employment Status on the Association Among Sleep, Care Burden, and Negative Affect in Family Caregivers. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34:574-581. [PMID: 32912003 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720957099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of employment status on sleep, care burden, and negative affect among family caregivers (FCs) at home. METHODS An intensive longitudinal design was applied in which 25 FCs underwent in-home assessments for up to 56 days. At baseline, demographic data and employment status were collected. FCs wore a wrist-worn device with an accelerometer to assess objective total sleep time (TST) for consecutive 24-hour periods. FCs answered the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) every night before sleep. Linear mixed model analysis was used to examine the effect of objective sleep status on ZBI and PANAS scores the following day. RESULTS Mean participant age was 66.3 ± 10.8 years (72.0% female), and mean survey period was 29.1 ± 9.6 days (866 observations). Mean TST of FCs was 5.7 ± 1.4 hours. In total, 32.0% of FCs were employed either full- or part-time. TST of employed FCs was significantly associated with care burden and negative affect (B = -0.4 and -1.3, respectively); however, positive affect was not associated with TST. FCs who were unemployed experienced less care burden and negative affect (rate of change: -7.7 and -8.0, respectively). Additionally, TST of unemployed FCs was associated with negative affect; thus, when they slept 1 hour longer than their mean TST, they experienced less negative affect the following day. CONCLUSION A reduction in TST could lead to increased care burden and more severe negative affect the following day, which may be moderated by employment status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirochika Ryuno
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamaguchi
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan
| | - Chieko Greiner
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan
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9
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Magan KC, Hirschman KB, Starr LT, Meghani SH. Longitudinal Trajectories and Correlates of Post-Caregiving Depressive Symptoms in Former Caregivers of Persons With Alzheimer's Disease or a Related Dementia. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2021; 39:725-736. [PMID: 34477008 DOI: 10.1177/10499091211042836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the end of caregiving responsibilities, caregivers' depressive symptoms continue following the death of the care recipient with Alzheimer's disease or a related dementia (ADRD). However, long-term patterns of depressive symptoms among ADRD caregivers following the care recipient's death remain poorly understood. PURPOSE To explore longitudinal trajectories and correlates of depressive symptoms in former caregivers of persons with ADRD following the care recipient's death. METHODS Using the modification of Cooper's framework presented by Whittemore and Knafl, an integrative review was conducted in 4 stages: problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, and data analysis. The literature search was performed using CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases. Articles were included if they were published in English between January 1994 and March 2021, reported in peer-reviewed sources, and described findings of original research related to factors, correlates, or longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms in former family caregivers following the death of the care recipient with ADRD. RESULTS Longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms were categorized into 3 overarching themes: (1) gradual reduction of depressive symptoms during the first year post-caregiving; (2) failure of depressive symptoms to fully resolve after the first year post-caregiving; and (3) individualized depressive symptom trajectories. Correlates of post-caregiving depressive symptoms were categorized into 3 themes: (1) caregiver personal characteristics; (2) extrinsic factors; and (3) coping resources. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that screening for depression and psychosocial support are high priorities during the first year post-caregiving to facilitate early identification of at-risk caregivers and improve mental health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen B Hirschman
- NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren T Starr
- NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Salimah H Meghani
- NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Scarpa JR, Jiang P, Gao VD, Vitaterna MH, Turek FW, Kasarskis A. NREM delta power and AD-relevant tauopathy are associated with shared cortical gene networks. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7797. [PMID: 33833255 PMCID: PMC8032807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced NREM sleep in humans is associated with AD neuropathology. Recent work has demonstrated a reduction in NREM sleep in preclinical AD, pointing to its potential utility as an early marker of dementia. We test the hypothesis that reduced NREM delta power and increased tauopathy are associated with shared underlying cortical molecular networks in preclinical AD. We integrate multi-omics data from two extensive public resources, a human Alzheimer's disease cohort from the Mount Sinai Brain Bank (N = 125) reflecting AD progression and a (C57BL/6J × 129S1/SvImJ) F2 mouse population in which NREM delta power was measured (N = 98). Two cortical gene networks, including a CLOCK-dependent circadian network, are associated with NREM delta power and AD tauopathy progression. These networks were validated in independent mouse and human cohorts. Identifying gene networks related to preclinical AD elucidate possible mechanisms associated with the early disease phase and potential targets to alter the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Scarpa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Peng Jiang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Vance D Gao
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Martha H Vitaterna
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Fred W Turek
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Bosco A, Schneider J, Coleston-Shields DM, Orrell M. Narrative inquiry on case studies of crisis in dementia. QUALITY IN AGEING AND OLDER ADULTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/qaoa-02-2020-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the coping styles that can be inferred from the discourse of dyads with dementia, and how these appear to impact on care management.
Design/methodology/approach
This was a case study approach. Participants were recruited from two teams managing crisis in dementia in the UK. The authors conducted multiple qualitative interviews with people with dementia and their family carers over the course of one month. The analysis was first performed through thematic analysis. Data were further analysed through narrative inquiry to create a story line, or play in our case, for our findings.
Findings
Five dyads were interviewed and a total of 16 interviews were conducted. Three dyads were husband–wife and two were daughter–mother relationships. The mean age was 67.4 years for carers and 79.8 years for people with dementia. In these cases, the carer assumed responsibility for managing the episode and was more likely to seek formal help if a pre-existing plan was in place. Otherwise, when a crisis arose, dyads preferred to avoid involving professionals.
Practical implications
Psychosocial interventions should aim to identify and replace unhelpful strategies used by dyads to manage crisis episodes.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study using qualitative interviews of dyads to inquire into their experience of mental health crisis.
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Zwar L, König HH, Hajek A. Psychosocial consequences of transitioning into informal caregiving in male and female caregivers: Findings from a population-based panel study. Soc Sci Med 2020; 264:113281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Brewster GS, Bonds K, McLennon S, Moss KO, Epps F, Lopez RP. Missing the Mark: The Complexity of African American Dementia Family Caregiving. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2020; 26:294-301. [PMID: 32757815 PMCID: PMC7721986 DOI: 10.1177/1074840720945329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) have a significant impact on families. Family nurses are in an ideal position to address the needs of families affected by ADRD. However, to be most effective, family nurses and researchers need culturally appropriate theories to guide practice and research. On November 17, 2018, five nurse researchers presented findings of their research with African American families at the Gerontological Society of America's annual meeting. The results reported and the lively discussion that ensued suggested that the current paradigms framing research and practice with African American families affected by ADRD may not be adequate. There is a need to consider culturally congruent, family-centered theories to guide research and practice with this population of families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalisha Bonds
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
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Brewster GS, Epps F, Dye CE, Hepburn K, Higgins MK, Parker ML. The Effect of the " Great Village" on Psychological Outcomes, Burden, and Mastery in African American Caregivers of Persons Living With Dementia. J Appl Gerontol 2020; 39:1059-1068. [PMID: 31535922 PMCID: PMC7080571 DOI: 10.1177/0733464819874574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The "Great Village," a cultural adaptation of a psychoeducation intervention the "Savvy Caregiver" for African American caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLwD), aims to develop caregivers' skills and improve the quality of the lives of both the PLwD and their caregivers. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Great Village on depressive symptoms, anxiety, burden, and mastery in African American caregivers (N = 142). A three-arm randomized control trial (Great Village, Great Village + exercise, and attention control) was conducted over a period of 6 months. Caregivers who received either Great Village or Great Village + exercise reported significant reduction in depressive symptoms and improvement in mastery. Caregivers who received only Great Village reported a reduction in anxiety. Receiving no intervention worsened caregiver burden. African American caregivers should receive culturally tailored interventions to support their health and well-being and improve their competence in caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenna S. Brewster
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fayron Epps
- Georgia State University, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing & Health Professions, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clinton E. Dye
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kenneth Hepburn
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melinda K. Higgins
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Chang CH, Ming Y, Chang TH, Yen YY, Lan SJ. The Needs and Utilization of Long-Term Care Service Resources by Dementia Family Caregivers and the Affecting Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17166009. [PMID: 32824871 PMCID: PMC7460079 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17166009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the utilization of long-term care service resources by caregivers of patients with dementia (PWD) and to determine affecting factors. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 100 dyads were enrolled and caregivers responded to the questionnaires. We found 40% of caregivers not using any care resources. Between those caregivers using and not-using care resources, we found differences (p < 0.05) in their health status and living conditions; the difference (p < 0.05) was also found in patients’ behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). The frequency of BPSD (OR = 1.045, p = 0.016, 95% CI = 1.001–1.083) and the living conditions (OR = 3.519, p = 0.007, 95% CI = 1.414–8.759) were related to their use of care resources. Particular BPSDs, such as anxiety or restlessness, throwaway food, aggressive behavior, tearing of clothes, and sexual harassment of patients were related to the caregivers’ use of care resources (p < 0.01). Health professionals have to evaluate the patients’ BPSD and identify the caregivers’ essential needs. Individualized medical care and BPSD-related care resources should be provided for patients and caregivers for taking off their care burden and improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Chang
- Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Yung Ming
- Central Office of Administration, Antai Medical Corporation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung County 92842, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Tsung-Hung Chang
- Central Office of Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Yea-Yin Yen
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Shou-Jen Lan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
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Ryuno H, Greiner C, Yamaguchi Y, Fujimoto H, Hirota M, Uemura H, Iguchi H, Kabayama M, Kamide K. Association between sleep, care burden, and related factors among family caregivers at home. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:385-390. [PMID: 31975544 PMCID: PMC7496993 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Several studies have reported a negative correlation between depressive symptoms and family caregivers' (FCs) subjective sleep status. However, there is a paucity of information on the association between objective/subjective sleep status, care burden, and related factors. METHODS Participants were 23 pairs of care receivers (CRs; Mage = 82.7 ± 8.5 years; 69.6% women) receiving long-term care at home and their FCs (Mage = 66.9 ± 11.0 years; 69.6% women). At baseline, demographic data, subjective sleep status (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), WHO-5 well-being, depressive mood, and frequency of going outdoors were collected. FCs wore a small, wrist-worn device with an accelerometer to assess objective sleep status for a consecutive 24-h 2-week period, and they answered the Zarit Burden Interview short version (ZBI) every night before sleep. After 3 months, CR status was collected and analysed retrospectively. RESULTS The mean total sleep time over 2 weeks was 349.5 ± 69.6 min. The mean ZBI score over 2 weeks was 8.8 ± 6.8, which was significantly correlated with total sleep time (r = -0.42; P < 0.05), total time in bed (r = -0.44; P < 0.05), PSQI (r = 0.62; P < 0.01), frequency of going outdoors by CRs (r = -0.42; P < 0.05), and WHO-5 well-being among CRs (r = -0.50; P < 0.05). Multiple regression analyses revealed that total sleep time (β = -0.51; P < 0.05) was significantly associated with care burden (adjusted R2 = 0.45). At the 3-month follow-up, four CRs had been hospitalised or died, and their FCs displayed significantly severe care burden and slept less than at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Reduced objective total sleep time is significantly associated with the severity of care burden among FCs. Home-based care is critical in Japan; therefore, it is meaningful to determine how to reduce care burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirochika Ryuno
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chieko Greiner
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamaguchi
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Fujimoto
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Misato Hirota
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hisayo Uemura
- Social Welfare Corporation, Ho-yu Fukushikai Syownkan, Toyono, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iguchi
- Social Welfare Corporation, Ho-yu Fukushikai Syownkan, Toyono, Japan
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Corey KL, McCurry MK, Sethares KA, Bourbonniere M, Hirschman KB, Meghani SH. Predictors of psychological distress and sleep quality in former family caregivers of people with dementia. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:233-241. [PMID: 30588830 PMCID: PMC6663657 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1531375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The stress-related psychological symptoms experienced by informal family caregivers do not always improve or resolve after the death of the care recipient. The purpose of this study was to explore the independent associations of sociodemographic variables, personality and coping, environmental variables, and caregiver guilt with the sleep quality and psychological distress of former family caregivers of individuals with dementia following care recipient's death.Method: A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted with a sample of 171 former family caregivers of people with dementia. Participants completed an online survey comprised of six instruments and demographic items. Caregiver personal variables (e.g. personality and coping), environmental variables, guilt, psychological distress (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and sleep quality were evaluated using psychometrically validated measures.Results: In bivariate analysis, post-caregiving guilt was significantly associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms (p < 0.01). After controlling for covariates, dysfunctional coping and neuroticism explained 32% of the variance in depressive symptoms (R2 = .52, ΔR2 = .32, F(5, 165) = 36.24, p < .001) and 24% of the variance in anxiety symptoms (R2 = .41, ΔR2 = .24, F(5, 165) = 22.65, p < .001), while dysfunctional coping, pre-loss depression, and extraversion accounted for 16% of the variance in sleep quality (R2 = .30, ΔR2 = .16, F(6, 164) = 11.44, p < .001).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the critical role of personal variables, including personality traits, coping strategies, and pre-loss depression, in explaining psychological distress and sleep quality in this sample of former dementia caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L. Corey
- NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mary K. McCurry
- Department of Adult Nursing, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States
| | - Kristen A. Sethares
- Department of Adult Nursing, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States
| | - Meg Bourbonniere
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Karen B. Hirschman
- NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Salimah H. Meghani
- NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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18
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del-Pino-Casado R, Rodríguez Cardosa M, López-Martínez C, Orgeta V. The association between subjective caregiver burden and depressive symptoms in carers of older relatives: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217648. [PMID: 31141556 PMCID: PMC6541277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family carers are an important source of care for older people. Although several studies have reported that subjective caregiver burden is related to depressive symptoms there are no systematic reviews quantifying this association. OBJECTIVE To establish the extent to which subjective caregiver burden is associated with depressive symptoms and whether this association would vary by study or care characteristics. METHODS We searched major databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and ISI Proceedings up to March 2018, and conducted a meta-analysis of included studies. Summary estimates of the association were obtained using a random-effects model to improve generalisation of findings. RESULTS After screening of 4,688 articles, 55 studies were included providing a total of 56 independent comparisons with a total of 9,847 carers from data across 20 countries. There was a large, positive association between subjective caregiver burden and depressive symptoms ([Formula: see text] = 0.514; 95% CI = 0.486, 0.541), with very low heterogeneity amongst individual studies (I2 = 8.6%). Sensitivity analyses showed no differences between cross-sectional or repeated measures ([Formula: see text] = 0.521; 95% CI = 0.491, 0.550; 51 samples) and longitudinal studies ([Formula: see text] = 0.454; 95% CI = 0.398, 0.508; 6 samples). We found a higher effect size for those caring for people living with dementia compared to those caring for frail older people, and stroke survivors. Carer sex, age and kinship did not change the estimate of the effect. CONCLUSIONS Subjective caregiver burden is a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms in carers of older people and may precipitate clinical depression. Those caring for people with dementia experience greater burden. There is a need for longitudinal evaluations examining the effects of potential mediators of the association of subjective burden and depressive symptoms. Future interventions should test whether minimizing subjective burden may modify the risk of developing depression in carers of older relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Orgeta
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
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19
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Garvey JM, Dalton JM, Magny-Normilus C. A Conceptual-Theoretical-Empirical Structure for the Study of Alzheimer Informal Caregivers and Home Health Care Nursing Services. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1084822319844263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe the process used to create a conceptual-theoretical-empirical structure for a proposed study of policies for home health care nursing services for informal caregivers of persons with Alzheimer disease. The process consisted of linkage of the Conceptual Model of Nursing and Health Policy with Roy’s Adaptation Model to guide derivation of a middle-range theory of home health care nursing services for Alzheimer disease informal caregiving, and selection of appropriate empirical research methods.
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20
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Yang F, Ran M, Luo W. Depression of persons with dementia and family caregiver burden: Finding positives in caregiving as a moderator. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19:414-418. [PMID: 30773779 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study examined the association between depression of persons with dementia and family caregiver burden, as well as whether the association depended on the level of caregivers' ability to find positives in caregiving. METHODS Based on the medical records of a local mental health hospital and the statistics of an epidemiological survey, this cross-sectional study included 157 major family caregivers of non-institutionalized dementia patients in the rural sector of Western China's Sichuan Province. They responded to the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, a short version of the Zarit Burden Interview, a subscale of a caregiver meaning scale and demographic questions. RESULTS Controlling for the demographic variables of the caregivers, the present study found that dementia patients' depression level was significantly associated with caregiver burden (P < 0.001), and the caregivers' levels of finding positives in caregiving significantly moderated the association (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the positive correlation between dementia patients' depression and caregiver burden was weaker among the family caregivers with a high level of finding positives in caregiving, compared with those with a low level of finding positives in caregiving. CONCLUSIONS This research suggests the importance of facilitating family caregivers of dementia patients to find positives in caregiving. It provides initial data for the development of dementia caregiver burden interventions that are based on the understanding of the deep meaning of dementia caregiving. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 414-418.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maosheng Ran
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Xinjin No.2 People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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21
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Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTBackground:The care of community-dwelling people with dementia often occurs in the context of pre-existing family relationships. The presence of dementia can result in changes to the quality of those relationships. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify factors that enhance or challenge the quality of spousal or offspring relationships in the context of dementia. METHODS Both qualitative and quantitative studies were included in a systematic review of the literature. Thematic analysis of results was conducted that examined factors related to the relationship quality of community dwelling people with dementia and their spousal or offspring carer. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. RESULTS Four themes were extracted from seven qualitative studies: connection to the carer role; identity of the people with dementia; current efforts to maintain relationship connection; and the dyads response to dementia. Each of these four themes incorporated positive and negative facets that impacted on relationship quality. An analysis of nine quantitative and one mixed methods studies identified four domains: influence of dementia characteristics; connection within the dyad; relationship response to stress and carer burden; and carer demographic factors. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review highlight relationship factors that are important for supporting relationship quality for the people with dementia and the carer individually, as well as for the dyad together. These findings extend an existing framework of relationship quality in dementia. Implications for interventions to enhance relationship quality in the dementia context are discussed.
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Gorniak SL, Johnson CA. The Need for Innovative Methods to Increase Adherence in Individuals Experiencing Cognitive Decline. Am J Lifestyle Med 2018; 12:291-294. [PMID: 32063812 PMCID: PMC6993094 DOI: 10.1177/1559827618769551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment, particularly coupled with advanced age, is becoming an increasing concern for both clinicians and caregivers. Nonadherence is a common problem in individuals with cognitive impairment, leading to concerns regarding patient autonomy. The development and use of innovative strategies to overcome nonadherence is important to increase the likelihood of engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. Gorniak
- Department of Health and Human Performance,
University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Craig A. Johnson
- Department of Health and Human Performance,
University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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23
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Watson B, Tatangelo G, McCabe M. Depression and Anxiety Among Partner and Offspring Carers of People With Dementia: A Systematic Review. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 59:e597-e610. [DOI: 10.1093/geront/gny049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gemma Tatangelo
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marita McCabe
- School of Health Science, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Gehrman P, Gooneratne NS, Brewster GS, Richards KC, Karlawish J. Impact of Alzheimer disease patients' sleep disturbances on their caregivers. Geriatr Nurs 2018; 39:60-65. [PMID: 28684102 PMCID: PMC5752633 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbance symptoms are common in persons living with Alzheimer disease (AD). However little is known about the impact of sleep disturbance symptoms in patients living with AD on caregiver burden and quality of life (QOL). The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of symptoms of disturbed sleep in patients with AD, identify the care-recipient sleep disturbance symptoms that predict caregiver burden and QoL, and determine how care-recipient sleep disturbance symptoms compare to other caregiver and patient characteristics when predicting caregiver QoL. Caregiver burden was assessed using the Screen for Caregiver Burden. Sixty percent of the care-recipients had at least one sleep symptom. In 130 caregiver/patient dyads, nocturnal awakenings, nocturnal wandering, and snoring predicted caregiver burden. Multivariate modeling demonstrated that caregiver burden, caregiver physical and mental health, and caregiver depression were predictors of overall caregiver QoL. Treating disturbed sleep in care-recipients and caregiver mental health symptoms could have important public health impact by improving the lives of the caregiving dyad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Gehrman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA; Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA
| | - Nalaka S Gooneratne
- Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA; Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA
| | - Glenna S Brewster
- Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA; New Courtland Center for Transitions and Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | - Jason Karlawish
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA
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25
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Jütten LH, Mark RE, Maria Janssen BWJ, Rietsema J, Dröes RM, Sitskoorn MM. Testing the effectivity of the mixed virtual reality training Into D'mentia for informal caregivers of people with dementia: protocol for a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e015702. [PMID: 28827242 PMCID: PMC5724167 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Informal caregivers for people with dementia (hereafter: caregivers) often feel (over)burdened by the care for a loved one with dementia, and this can have various deleterious effects on both caregivers and patients. Support for caregivers is urgently needed, and for this reason, a dementia simulator (Into D'mentia) was developed in which caregivers experience what it is like to have dementia. The simulator attempts to heighten caregivers' empathy and understanding for the patient and, in turn, diminish their own caregiver burden. The current study evaluates whether the simulator is effective on a number of outcomes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A longitudinal, quasi-experimental study is ongoing in the Netherlands. We aim to recruit 142 caregivers in total divided over two groups: 71 caregivers in the intervention group and 71 caregivers in the control group. All participants will complete interviews and questionnaires at four time points: at baseline, 1 week, 2.5 months and 15 months after the training. The primary outcomes include empathy, caregiver burden, caregiver's sense of competence, social reliance, anxiety, depression and caregivers' subjective and objective health. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is being carried out in agreement with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol has been approved by the local ethics committees. REGISTRATION DETAILS This study is registered with The Netherlands National Trial Register (NNTR5856).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Helena Jütten
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth Elaine Mark
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Rose-Marie Dröes
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Valencia MC, Meza-Osnaya G, Pérez-Cruz I, Cortes-Campero N, Hernández-Ovalle J, Hernández-Paredes P, Juárez-Romero K, Chino-Hernández B, Romero-Figueroa MS. [Factors involved in the burden of the primary caregiver of cancer patients]. REVISTA DE CALIDAD ASISTENCIAL : ORGANO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CALIDAD ASISTENCIAL 2017; 32:221-225. [PMID: 28284516 DOI: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to identify the factors involved between burden in the primary caregiver of cancer patients and their quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a secondary level hospital on 100 primary caregivers of cancer patients. The level of burden was determined using the Zarit scale and the perception of quality of life using the World Health Organisation Quality of Life questionnaire. Quality of life was categorised as high or low and compared between groups according to their level of burden. Descriptive statistics were performed on the study variables, and differences between groups were analysed according to their level of burden. RESULTS In assessing the overload, it was found that 31% of caregivers had burden. A good quality of life was perceived by 76% of caregivers, while the remaining 24% perceived it as poor. To identify association between these two variables Chi squared (X2) was used to determine whether there was any association between quality of life and overloading of the primary caregiver, giving a P≤.05. A Spearman correlation was also performed, obtaining an r-value of .321 with a P≤.05, finding a slightly positive correlation. CONCLUSIONS The factors that have a bearing on a good quality of life despite having burden were: being married, dedicated to the home, and kinship (to be immediate family: spouse, parents and children). Conversely, the type of cancer, sleep hours, and hours of care influence the perception of a poor quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Valencia
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - G Meza-Osnaya
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - I Pérez-Cruz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - N Cortes-Campero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J Hernández-Ovalle
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - P Hernández-Paredes
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - K Juárez-Romero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional/Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - B Chino-Hernández
- Hospital General Regional n.° 220, Delegación México Poniente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca, México
| | - M S Romero-Figueroa
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Delegación México Poniente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca, México.
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Kim JS, Kim EH, An M. Experience of Dementia-related Anxiety in Middle-aged Female Caregivers for Family Members with Dementia: A Phenomenological Study. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2016; 10:128-35. [PMID: 27349670 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In Korea, most elderly with dementia receive care from family members, yet little research is available on the experience of dementia-related anxiety in middle-aged female caregivers for a family member with dementia. The purpose of this study was to describe the lived experience of dementia-related anxiety in middle-aged female caregivers for family members with dementia. METHODS A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted. A purposive sampling strategy was used to recruit participants. Twelve middle-aged women (40-59 years, mean age = 51.90 years) who were family caregivers were interviewed from February 2014 to August 2014. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed using Giorgi's method. RESULTS The essential structure of the phenomenon was a fear of losing self-identity. The main essence was represented by six components: keenly feeling the effects of aging because of memory deficit, continuous comparison of the family member's behavior with that of the participant's, Finding it painful to see a family member with dementia as he/she does not know how this will end, not knowing the conclusion of the disease process, reducing the risk of dementia, and trying to change one's lifestyle from what it used to be in the past. CONCLUSIONS The study provides the essential structure of the experience on dementia-related anxiety that caregivers of a family member with dementia have. The findings could help healthcare providers and researchers have better understanding of dementia-related anxiety and give more attention to the caregivers to relieve their anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Sun Kim
- College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun Ha Kim
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, South Korea
| | - Minjeong An
- College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
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Spellman DS, Wildsmith KR, Honigberg LA, Tuefferd M, Baker D, Raghavan N, Nairn AC, Croteau P, Schirm M, Allard R, Lamontagne J, Chelsky D, Hoffmann S, Potter WZ. Development and evaluation of a multiplexed mass spectrometry based assay for measuring candidate peptide biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) CSF. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:715-31. [PMID: 25676562 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe the outcome of the Biomarkers Consortium CSF Proteomics Project (where CSF is cerebral spinal fluid), a public-private partnership of government, academia, nonprofit, and industry. The goal of this study was to evaluate a multiplexed MS-based approach for the qualification of candidate Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers using CSF samples from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Reproducibility of sample processing, analytic variability, and ability to detect a variety of analytes of interest were thoroughly investigated. Multiple approaches to statistical analyses assessed whether panel analytes were associated with baseline pathology (mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD) versus healthy controls or associated with progression for MCI patients, and included (i) univariate association analyses, (ii) univariate prediction models, (iii) exploratory multivariate analyses, and (iv) supervised multivariate analysis. RESULTS A robust targeted MS-based approach for the qualification of candidate AD biomarkers was developed. The results identified several peptides with potential diagnostic or predictive utility, with the most significant differences observed for the following peptides for differentiating (including peptides from hemoglobin A, hemoglobin B, and superoxide dismutase) or predicting (including peptides from neuronal pentraxin-2, neurosecretory protein VGF (VGF), and secretogranin-2) progression versus nonprogression from MCI to AD. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data provide potential insights into the biology of CSF in AD and MCI progression and provide a novel tool for AD researchers and clinicians working to improve diagnostic accuracy, evaluation of treatment efficacy, and early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Spellman
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Kristin R Wildsmith
- Department of Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers within Development Sciences, Genentech, Inc (a member of the Roche Group), South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lee A Honigberg
- Department of Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers within Development Sciences, Genentech, Inc (a member of the Roche Group), South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marianne Tuefferd
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development LLC, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David Baker
- Janssen Research & Development LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Angus C Nairn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Rene Allard
- Caprion Pharmaceuticals, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Steven Hoffmann
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Inc, Bethesda, MD, USA
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