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Shen CH, Chen CB, Chiang MH, Kuo CN, Chung WH, Lin YK, Chiu CY. Vitamin D level is inversely related to allergen sensitization for risking atopic dermatitis in early childhood. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100890. [PMID: 38585333 PMCID: PMC10998224 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are few studies concerning the impact of serum vitamin D status on the risk of allergen sensitization and atopic dermatitis (AD) during early childhood. Method Children with AD and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were prospectively enrolled at age 0.5, 2, and 4 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was measured using Elecsys Vitamin D Total assay. The study utilized the ImmunoCAP assay to analyze specific IgE for food and inhalant allergens, along with total serum IgE levels. It explored the connection between vitamin D levels and allergen sensitization, as well as their influence on AD at different ages. Results A total of 222 children including 95 (59 AD and 36 HC), 66 (37 AD and 29 HC), and 61 (32 AD and 29 HC) children were classified at age 0.5, 2, and 4 years, respectively. In children with AD, there was a significantly lower vitamin D level at age 2 and 4, but a significantly higher prevalence of food and mite sensitization at all ages in comparison with HC (P < 0.001). Vitamin D level was found to be inversely related to the prevalence of allergen sensitization at age 4 (P < 0.05). However, vitamin D level appeared to have high importance for allergen sensitization at all ages and AD at age 2 and 4 years. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with heightened prevalence of allergen sensitization, potentially increasing the susceptibility to AD in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsuan Shen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ni Kuo
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ku Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Paramonova N, Trapina I, Gradauskiene (Sitkauskiene) B, Plavina S, Tamasauskiene L, Bastyte D, Rumba-Rozenfelde I, Tapina S, Stakaitiene I, Ugenskiene R, Shih-Hsin Wu L, Wang JY, Hsieh MH, Chen PC, Sjakste N. Genetic Diversity in Bronchial Asthma Susceptibility: Exploring the Role of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Varied Geographic Contexts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1943. [PMID: 38339221 PMCID: PMC10856277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (BA) exhibits varying prevalence across global populations, prompting a comprehensive investigation into genetic and environmental determinants. Vitamin D is a potent immunomodulator capable of suppressing inflammatory signals in several cell types involved in the asthmatic response; it exerts effects on the immune system by binding to the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR gene genetic variations are affecting serum vitamin D levels with a possible role in the BA risk. The current study aimed to examine the complex interaction of various factors (genetic background, serum vitamin D levels, and geographic location) to identify differences in the influence of these factors on the susceptibility to asthma between populations at different latitudes. Focusing on Eastern European cohorts from Latvia and Lithuania and comparing them with published data on East Asian populations, we explore the impact of VDR gene polymorphisms on BA susceptibility. Genotyping four key VDR SNPs and assessing their association with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, our study unveils significant associations of the studied loci with the risk of asthma-both risk-reducing and increasing effects, differently distributed between Baltic and East Asian populations. The functional effects of in silico VDR gene genetic variations are also identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Paramonova
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
| | - Ilva Trapina
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
| | | | - Samanta Plavina
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
| | - Laura Tamasauskiene
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (L.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Daina Bastyte
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (L.T.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Sandra Tapina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (I.R.-R.); (S.T.)
| | - Ieva Stakaitiene
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Rasa Ugenskiene
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hsi Hsieh
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Pei-Chi Chen
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Nikolajs Sjakste
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
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Wang S, Yin P, Yu L, Tian F, Chen W, Zhai Q. Effects of Early Diet on the Prevalence of Allergic Disease in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100128. [PMID: 37827490 PMCID: PMC10831899 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the timing of introduction, types, and amounts of complementary foods/allergenic foods may influence the risk of allergic disease. However, the evidence has not been updated and comprehensively synthesized. The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched from the inception of each database up to 31 May 2023 (articles prior to 2000 were excluded manually). Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5. The GRADE approach was followed to rate the certainty of evidence. Compared with >6 mo, early introduction of eggs (≤6 mo of age) might reduce the risk of food allergies in preschoolers aged <6 y (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53, 0.81), but had no effect on asthma or atopic dermatitis (AD). Consumption of fish at 6-12 mo might reduce the risk of asthma in children (aged 5-17 y) compared with late introduction after 12 mo (OR, 0.61; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.72). Introduction of allergenic foods for ≤6 mo of age, compared with >6 mos, was a protective factor for the future risk (children aged ≤10 y) of AD (OR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.97). Probiotic intervention for infants at high risk of allergic disease significantly reduced the risk of food allergy at ages 0-3 y (OR, 0.72; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.94), asthma at 6-12 y (OR, 0.61; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.90), and AD at aged <6 y (3-6 y: OR, 0.70; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.94; 0-3 y: OR, 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.91). Early introduction of complementary foods or the high-dose vitamin D supplementation in infancy was not associated with the risk of developing food allergies, asthma, or AD during childhood. Early introduction to potential allergen foods for normal infants or probiotics for infants at high risk of allergies may protect against development of allergic disease. This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022379264.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Hidayati AN, Sawitri S, Sari DW, Prakoeswa CRS, Indramaya DM, Damayanti D, Zulkarnain I, Citrashanty I, Widia Y, Anggraeni S. Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on the severity of atopic dermatitis in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. F1000Res 2023; 11:274. [PMID: 37829249 PMCID: PMC10565422 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.106957.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common dermatosis in children, that includes skin architecture defects, immune dysregulation, and changes of skin flora. Several new drugs have been found to reduce the severity of AD. Vitamin D is one of the new therapies that is still controversial. The purpose of this research is to conclude the efficacy of vitamin D on atopic dermatitis severity in children aged 0-18 years old. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed, Cochrane, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Clinical Trial website, and university repositories including studies published from January 2010 through October 2020. We compared populations, intervention, study design, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was done with Review Manager 5.4.1. Results: Eight articles met eligibility and inclusion criteria, four articles provided complete data and were analysed. Not all studies demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin D but a meta-analysis of four studies of vitamin D supplementation vs placebo found a mean difference of -0.93 (95%CI -1.76, to -0.11, p<0.001) of patient outcome, but statistically, there was no difference in cure rate (risk ratio 1.46 (95%CI 0.72, to 2.97, p=0.008) in vitamin D supplementation groups compared to placebo groups. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation in paediatric atopic dermatitis patients could offer improvement of disease severity but the recommended dose and duration of administration cannot be concluded yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afif Nurul Hidayati
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Sawitri Sawitri
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Desiana Widityaning Sari
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Diah Mira Indramaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Damayanti Damayanti
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Iskandar Zulkarnain
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Irmadita Citrashanty
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Yuri Widia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Sylvia Anggraeni
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia
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Çiçek F, Köle MT. Evaluation of the Impact of Serum Vitamin D Levels on the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1522. [PMID: 37761483 PMCID: PMC10529228 DOI: 10.3390/children10091522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin condition characterized by itching, eczematous plaques, and dry skin. Despite ongoing research, its exact cause remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the factors that influence the severity of AD in children and assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the disease's severity. We enrolled 96 AD patients in our investigation, evaluated their clinical condition using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, and compared them to a group of 90 healthy controls. Our analysis revealed that serum vitamin D levels and eosinophil counts significantly impacted the SCORAD index (p < 0.001). According to standardized regression coefficients, for each incremental unit in serum vitamin D levels, the SCORAD index exhibited a decrease of 0.449 units. Similarly, a one-unit increase in eosinophil count resulted in a 0.009 unit increase in the SCORAD index. It is worth noting that the influence of serum vitamin D levels on disease severity surpasses that of eosinophil counts and atopic conditions. In our patient cohort, we uncovered a negative correlation (r = -0.419, p < 0.001) between serum vitamin D levels and the SCORAD index. Our findings suggest that low serum vitamin D levels may have a more substantial impact on AD severity than atopic conditions and eosinophilia. Furthermore, we observed a negative association between the severity of AD and serum 25(OH)D3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Çiçek
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34870, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tolga Köle
- Department of Pediatrics, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34870, Turkey;
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Ziyab AH, Al-Taiar A, Al-Sabah R, Shaban L, Almousa Z, AlBaloul AH, Karmaus W. Sex and obesity status modify the association between vitamin D and eczema among adolescents. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1235-1242. [PMID: 37173405 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent associations between vitamin D and eczema. This study sought to assess whether sex and obesity status could modify the association between vitamin D and eczema. METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled 763 adolescents in Kuwait. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in venous blood. Current eczema was defined according to clinical history and characteristic morphology and distribution. RESULTS In sex-stratified analysis, decreased 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased current eczema prevalence among males (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)tertile 1 vs. tertile 3: 2.14, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.07-4.56), but not among females (aORtertile 1 vs. tertile 3: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.71-1.66). Further stratification by obesity status showed that lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased current eczema prevalence among overweight/obese males (per 10-unit decrease in 25(OH)D levels: aOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.17-2.46). Such an association was weaker and statistically non-significant among overweight/obese females (per 10-unit decrease in 25(OH)D levels: aOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.93-1.70). CONCLUSIONS Sex and obesity status modified the association between vitamin D levels and eczema, with an inverse association observed among overweight/obese males, but not among overweight/obese females. These results suggest that preventive and clinical management strategies could vary by sex and obesity status. IMPACT The current study showed that sex and obesity modify the association between vitamin D and eczema among adolescents. An inverse association between vitamin D and eczema was observed among overweight/obese males, but this association was not as pronounced among overweight/obese females. Vitamin D was not associated with eczema among underweight/normal weight males and females. The identification of effect modification by sex and obesity status add to the current scientific knowledge and further highlight the complexity of the association between vitamin D and eczema. These results may promote a more individualized approach to the future prevention and clinical management of eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Abdullah Al-Taiar
- School of Community and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
| | - Reem Al-Sabah
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Lemia Shaban
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Zainab Almousa
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Anwar H AlBaloul
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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El‐Heis S, D’Angelo S, Curtis EM, Healy E, Moon RJ, Crozier SR, Inskip H, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Godfrey KM. Maternal antenatal vitamin D supplementation and offspring risk of atopic eczema in the first 4 years of life: evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:659-666. [PMID: 35763390 PMCID: PMC9804289 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence linking prenatal maternal vitamin D supplementation with the offspring's risk of atopic eczema is inconsistent, with most data coming from observational studies. OBJECTIVES To examine the influence of maternal cholecalciferol supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of atopic eczema in the offspring at ages 12, 24 and 48 months. METHODS Within the UK Maternal Vitamin D Osteoporosis Study (MAVIDOS) double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial, we examined the relationship of maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy with offspring atopic eczema at ages 12, 24 and 48 months. In MAVIDOS, pregnant women were allocated to either cholecalciferol 1000 IU per day or matched placebo, taken from around 14 weeks' gestation until delivery, with the primary outcome of neonatal whole-body bone mineral content. The prevalence of atopic eczema in the offspring was ascertained at ages 12 (n = 635), 24 (n = 610) and 48 (n = 449) months, based on the UK Working Party criteria for the definition of atopic dermatitis. The trial was registered with ISRCTN (82927713) and EudraCT (2007-001716-23). RESULTS The characteristics of mothers and offspring were similar between the intervention and placebo groups, apart from longer breastfeeding duration in the intervention group. Adjusting for breastfeeding duration, offspring of mothers who received cholecalciferol 1000 IU daily had a lower odds ratio (OR) of atopic eczema at age 12 months [OR 0·55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·32-0·97, P = 0·04]; this effect weakened and was not statistically significant at ages 24 months (OR 0·76, 95% CI 0·47-1·23) or 48 months (OR 0·75, 95% CI 0·37-1·52). The statistical interaction of intervention and breastfeeding duration in relation to eczema at age 12 months was not significant (P = 0·41), but stratification showed reduced infantile eczema risk in the intervention group for infants breastfed for ≥ 1 month (OR 0·48, 95% CI 0·24-0·94, P = 0·03) but not in those breastfed for < 1 month (OR 0·80, 95% CI 0·29-2·17, P = 0·66). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide the first randomized controlled trial evidence of a protective effect of antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation on the risk of infantile atopic eczema, with the effect potentially being via increased breast milk cholecalciferol levels. The findings support a developmental influence on atopic eczema, and point to a potentially modifiable perinatal influence on atopic eczema. What is already known about this topic? There are currently no antenatal interventions proven to reduce the incidence of infantile atopic eczema in the general population. However, observational studies have led to speculation that antenatal vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah El‐Heis
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Elizabeth M. Curtis
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Eugene Healy
- Dermatopharmacology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Rebecca J. Moon
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Sarah R. Crozier
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration WessexSouthampton Science Park, Innovation CentreSouthamptonUK
| | - Hazel Inskip
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Nutrition Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Nutrition Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research UnitUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Nicholas C. Harvey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Nutrition Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Nutrition Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- Developmental SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
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Serum Vitamin D Level and Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Children with Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9407888. [PMID: 35912161 PMCID: PMC9328962 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9407888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The relationship between vitamin D and atopic dermatitis (AD) is controversial. This meta-analysis is aimed at exploring vitamin D level and its deficiency in pediatric AD and at evaluating the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation. Methods PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials were searched. Binary variables and continuous variables were measured by odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals, respectively. The modified Jadad scale, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and Cochrane's bias risk tools were used to evaluate study quality and the risk of bias of eligible studies, respectively. Results A total of 22 literature were included in the analysis. Serum 25 (OH) D level in pediatric AD patients was significantly lower than that of the control group with a combined MD value of -8.18 (95% CI: -13.15, -3.22). Patients with AD were more prone to develop vitamin D deficiency with a combined OR value of 2.17 (95% CI: 1.15, 4.11). According to the score of SCORAD, the level of serum 25 (OH) D level in patients with severe AD was significantly lower than that in patients with mild AD (combined MD = 9.23, 95% CI: 6.92, 11.55). Both self-control studies and randomized controlled trials showed improved SCORAD score and EASI score after vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion This meta-analysis showed lower serum 25 (OH) D level and increased risk of vitamin D deficiency in pediatric AD patients as compared with healthy controls. The serum 25 (OH) D level in severe AD patients was significantly lower than that in the mild AD patients. The SCORAD and EASI score improved after vitamin D supplementation, suggesting its beneficial effect to AD patients. At the same time, more homogeneous studies are needed to reduce confounding factors and further evaluate the impact of vitamin D treatment on the outcome of AD patients.
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Lucas R, Szklenar M, Mihály J, Szegedi A, Töröcsik D, Rühl R. Plasma Levels of Bioactive Vitamin D and A5 Ligands Positively Correlate with Clinical Atopic Dermatitis Markers. Dermatology 2022; 238:1076-1083. [PMID: 35609515 DOI: 10.1159/000524343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past decade, several controversial studies described a relationship between vitamin D and atopic diseases. Low plasma vitamin D levels or even vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased incidence of atopic disease, postulating that a higher dietary intake of vitamin D may be a beneficial strategy against atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine the relationship between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) levels, the levels of the ligand of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) heterodimerization partner as well as the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and the active vitamin A5 derivative 9-cis-13,14-dihydroretinoic acid (9CDHRA) and AD severity. METHODS/RESULTS Samples from AD patients (n = 20) and healthy volunteers (n = 20) were assessed. In our study, the frequently measured VDR ligand precursor 25(OH)D3 in addition to the VDR-ligand 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and 9CDHRA displayed no different levels when compared with the plasma of AD patients and healthy volunteers. When performing further correlation studies focusing on AD patients, plasma 25(OH)D3 levels showed a negative correlation with eosinophils in blood (EOS) and SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) values, while 1,25(OH)2D3 and 9CDHRA levels correlated positively with plasma IgE, EOS, and SCORAD values. CONCLUSION In consequence, the metabolic activation of vitamin D from 25(OH)D3 towards 1,25(OH)2D3 as well as the co-liganding of the RXR by 9CDHRA may be an important signalling mechanism, an important marker for AD development and severity as well as the basis for novel nutritional and pharmaceutical AD treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Lucas
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Johanna Mihály
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Daniel Töröcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ralph Rühl
- Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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10
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Effect of Vitamin D Serum Levels and Supplementation on Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2022; 23:267-275. [PMID: 35246808 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-022-00677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) may be associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), and that vitamin D (VD) supplementation may decrease AD severity. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D level and AD, and the effect of VD supplementation on AD severity, while providing stratified analyses based on latitude and region. METHODS A systematic review was performed on all published studies in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases that analyzed effects of serum 25(OH)D and VD supplementation on AD. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis includes 20 studies with 1882 cases of AD. We found significantly lower 25(OH)D levels in AD patients compared with healthy controls (HC) (p < 0.001), significantly lower 25(OH)D levels in severe AD compared with both mild and moderate AD (p < 0.001), and VD supplementation improved AD symptoms (p < 0.001). LIMITATIONS Factors like seasonal and environmental changes, sunlight exposure, and cultural practices may confound the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and AD severity. There are limited randomized controlled trials that assess this association. CONCLUSION Overall, lower serum 25(OH)D is associated with more severe AD, and VD supplementation may help lower AD severity. Further research is needed to confirm the presence and direction of causality of the relationship between VD and AD pathogenesis.
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11
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Rueter K, Siafarikas A, Palmer DJ, Prescott SL. Pre- and Postnatal Vitamin D Status and Allergy Outcomes in Early Childhood. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050933. [PMID: 35625670 PMCID: PMC9139153 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic increase in the prevalence of allergic disease in recent decades reflects environmental and behavioural changes that have altered patterns of early immune development. The very early onset of allergic diseases points to the specific vulnerability of the developing immune system to environmental changes and the development of primary intervention strategies is crucial to address this unparalleled burden. Vitamin D is known to have immunomodulatory functions. While allergic disease is multifactorial, associations with reduced sunlight exposure have led to the hypothesis that suboptimal vitamin D levels during critical early periods may be one possible explanation. Interventions to improve vitamin D status, especially in early life, may be the key to allergic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Rueter
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Department of Immunology, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- inVIVO Planetary Health, Group of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), 6010 Park Ave, West New York, NJ 07093, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Aris Siafarikas
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle 6160, Australia
| | - Debra J. Palmer
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
| | - Susan L. Prescott
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia; (A.S.); (D.J.P.); (S.L.P.)
- Department of Immunology, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- inVIVO Planetary Health, Group of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), 6010 Park Ave, West New York, NJ 07093, USA
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Australia
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12
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Kang CM, Chiang BL, Wang LC. Maternal Nutritional Status and Development of Atopic Dermatitis in Their Offspring. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 61:128-155. [PMID: 32157654 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the leading chronic skin inflammatory disease and the initial manifestation of atopic march. Available evidence supports the notion that primary prevention early in life leads to a decreased incidence of AD, thus possibly decreasing the subsequent occurrence of atopic march. Nutritional status is essential to a proper functioning immune system and is valued for its important role in AD. Essential nutrients, which include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals, are transferred from the mother to the fetus through the placenta during gestation. Various nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamin D, were studied in relation to maternal status and offspring allergy. However, no strong evidence indicates that a single nutrient or food in mothers' diet significantly affects the risk of childhood AD. In the light of current evidence, mothers should not either increase nor avoid consuming these nutrients to prevent or ameliorate allergic diseases in their offspring. Each essential nutrient has an important role in fetal development, and current government recommendations suggest specific intake amounts for pregnant women. This review discusses evidence on how various nutrients, including lipids (monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFAs, saturated fatty acids, and short-chain fatty acids), carbohydrates (oligosaccharides and polysaccharides), proteins, vitamins (A, B, C, D, and E), and trace minerals (magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, and strontium) in maternal status are associated with the development of AD and their possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Min Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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13
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Ou Y, Jiang X, Guan H. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Chinese Han Population. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5301-5312. [PMID: 34526805 PMCID: PMC8435479 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s326477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigated the associations between four Vitamin D receptor (VDR) common variations and interactions of gene-environment factors and atopic dermatitis (AD) in Chinese population are few. METHODS In this case-control study, 400 AD patients and 400 controls were genotyped for the FokI, TaqI, BsmI and ApalI variations of VDR genes by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The associations between VDR genes and AD were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The interactions between VDR genes and some risk factors were also explored using cross-over analysis. The corresponding odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. RESULTS The FoKI rs2228570 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of atopic dermatitis in the co-dominant model (OR=2.93, 95% CI: 1.78-4.82. P=0.000), recessive model (OR=2.67, 95% CI: 1.68-4.26, P=0.000) and dominant model (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.04-1.84, P=0.028), and allele model. No significant associations were found among TaqI, BsmI and ApalI polymorphism and AD. The C-A-T-C and C-G-T-T haplotypes significantly increased the risk of atopic dermatitis. For rs2228570, the increased effects were more evident in the subgroups of age ≤8-month, cow milk and mixed, and keeping pet. Interactions between rs2228570 gene polymorphism and family history, age >8, and keeping pet increased the AD risk. The rs2228570 C allele decreased the relative mRNA expression. CONCLUSION The FokI rs2228570 C allele of VDR gene could be a risk candidate gene for AD. Interactions between FokI polymorphism and family history and some behaviors may increase the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Ou
- Department of Dermatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiwen Guan
- Department of Dermatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Petriashvili M. Impact of Maternal Vitamin D Status on the Formation of Atopic Dermatitis in Young Children. Glob Pediatr Health 2021; 8:2333794X211022916. [PMID: 34164570 PMCID: PMC8188965 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x211022916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted relationship of allergic diseases with vitamin D deficiency. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of maternal vitamin D levels in pregnancy on the formation of atopic dermatitis in early life. A total of 186 pregnant women and their infants who developed atopic dermatitis before the age of 2 years were involved in the prospective study. Most pregnant women (57.5%) were diagnosed with 25(OH)D deficiency (3.6 ± 4.4 ng/ml) (P = .000). Maternal 25(OH)D deficiency was directly related to atopic family anamnesis and relatively high IgE levels. In these cases, children developed atopic dermatitis before the age of 6 months (70.8%) with prevalence of moderate-severity (55%) and persistent course (68.3%) of the disease. The above mentioned supported the idea that the peculiarities of the formation of atopic dermatitis in young children are associated with low concentrations of vitamin D in mothers during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Petriashvili
- Faculty of Medicine, Doctoral Program-Clinical and Translational Medicine, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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15
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Wong RS, Tung KTS, So HK, Wong WHS, Wong SY, Tsang HW, Tung JYL, Chua GT, Ho MHK, Wong ICK, Ip P. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Level among Infants and Toddlers: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis and before-and-after Comparison. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041270. [PMID: 33924387 PMCID: PMC8069706 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the implementation of social distancing and home confinement measures may elevate the risk of vitamin D deficiency particularly for infants. This study aimed to quantify changes in vitamin D level among infants and toddlers in Hong Kong after the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: We recruited 303 infants and toddlers aged 2–24 months by stratified random sampling from 1 June 2019 to November 30, 2020. Regression models were used to estimate the effect of time on infants’ serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level overall and by age groups before and after the outbreak. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was performed to examine the sustained effect of COVID-19 on their serum 25(OH)D level. Results: The ITS results showed no immediate reduction in serum 25(OH)D level among infants, but a decreasing trend was observed in the subsequent months post-outbreak at a monthly decline rate of −6.32 nmol/L. When analyzed by age group, the magnitude of post-outbreak reduction in 25(OH)D was stronger among younger infants (aged 2–6 months). Conclusion: Guidelines and recommendations should be given to pregnant women and mothers to ensure sufficient vitamin D level in their infants during the COVID-19 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa S. Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Keith T. S. Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Hung-Kwan So
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Wilfred H. S. Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Siew Yan Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Hing Wai Tsang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Joanna Y. L. Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gilbert T. Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Marco H. K. Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
| | - Ian C. K. Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (R.S.W.); (K.T.S.T.); (H.-K.S.); (W.H.S.W.); (S.Y.W.); (H.W.T.); (J.Y.L.T.); (G.T.C.); (M.H.K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2255-4090; Fax: +852-2855-1523
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16
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Lipińska-Opałka A, Tomaszewska A, Kubiak JZ, Kalicki B. Vitamin D and Immunological Patterns of Allergic Diseases in Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:E177. [PMID: 33435598 PMCID: PMC7827421 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, in addition to its superior role as a factor regulating calcium-phosphate metabolism, shows wide effects in other processes in the human body, including key functions of the immune system. This is due to the presence of vitamin D receptors in most cells of the human body. In our study, we aimed to assess whether there is a correlation between vitamin D content and the clinical course of allergic diseases as well as establish their immunological parameters in children. We found that vitamin D deficiency was significantly more frequent in the group of children with an allergic disease than in the control group (p = 0.007). Statistically significant higher vitamin D concentrations in blood were observed in the group of children with a mild course of the disease compared to children with a severe clinical course (p = 0.03). In the group of children with vitamin D deficiency, statistically significant lower percentages of NKT lymphocytes and T-regulatory lymphocytes were detected compared to the group of children without deficiency (respectively, p = 0.02 and p = 0.05), which highlights a potential weakness of the immune system in these patients. Furthermore, statistically higher levels of interleukin-22 were observed in the group of children with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.01), suggesting a proinflammatory alert state. In conclusion, these results confirm the positive relationship between the optimal content of vitamin D and the lesser severity of allergic diseases in children, establishing weak points in the immune system caused by vitamin D deficiency in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Lipińska-Opałka
- Pediatric, Nephrology and Allergology Clinic, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (A.T.); (B.K.)
| | - Agata Tomaszewska
- Pediatric, Nephrology and Allergology Clinic, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (A.T.); (B.K.)
| | - Jacek Z. Kubiak
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (WIHE), 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
- Cell Cycle Group, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, UMR 6290, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - Bolesław Kalicki
- Pediatric, Nephrology and Allergology Clinic, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (A.T.); (B.K.)
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17
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Suaini NHA, Tan CPT, Loo EXL, Tham EH. Global differences in atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:23-33. [PMID: 32841425 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, with a highly variable prevalence worldwide. Recent evidence, however, has shown an increase in prevalence in the Asia Pacific region. Nevertheless, most of the published literature has focused mainly on Western populations, and only few clinical trials have included subgroups of other ethnic populations. Reasons for the observed ethnic and geographical differences in AD are not well established. This calls into question the need for a better understanding of AD pathogenesis and inter-ethnic differences in clinical and immuno-phenotypes. These differences may reflect inherent variability in disease mechanisms between populations, which in turn may impact upon treatment responses such as biologics that are currently tailored mainly to a specific immuno-phenotype (T-helper type 2 dominant). In this article, we reviewed existing literature on the prevalence of AD globally, highlighting differences, if any, in the clinical and immuno-phenotypes of AD between different ethnicities. We discussed genetic and environmental factors that affect AD in different populations and therapeutic considerations. Our review highlights AD as a disease with ethnic-dependent clinical and immunological heterogeneity and calls for greater inclusion of ethnic diversity in future research in order to develop targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor H A Suaini
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Population Allergy, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cheryl P T Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn X L Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Raj KAP, Handa S, Narang T, Sachdeva N, Mahajan R. Correlation of serum vitamin D levels with severity of pediatric atopic dermatitis and the impact of vitamin D supplementation on treatment outcomes. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:1397-1400. [PMID: 32885699 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1818677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is scarcity of prospective studies assessing the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and atopic dermatitis (AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective study where in serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels were measured in 35 AD patients and 35 age and sex-matched controls. AD patients deficient in vitamin D were supplemented with 1000 IU of vitamin D per day for three months. Serum vitamin D levels and SCORAD were again measured at the end of three months in all AD patients. RESULTS The baseline vitamin D levels in patients and controls did not have any statistically significant difference (p = .97). There was a statistically significant (p = .02) inverse relationship between the AD severity and serum vitamin D levels at baseline (r = -0.52). Maximum reduction in SCORAD (41.4 ± 12.7) after 3 months of vitamin D supplementation was seen in severe AD and the minimum (2.4 ± 13.2) in mild AD (p = .0003). CONCLUSIONS We found no difference in the mean serum vitamin D levels between AD patients and controls. An inverse correlation was seen between serum vitamin D levels at baseline and severity of AD. Beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation was observed maximally in severe AD as observed by a reduction in SCORAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Prithvi Raj
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Handa
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tarun Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Naresh Sachdeva
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.,Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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19
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Suboptimal Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Is Associated with a History of Recent Disease Exacerbation in Pediatric Patients with Bronchial Asthma or Asthma-Suggestive Recurrent Wheezing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186545. [PMID: 32916790 PMCID: PMC7558096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Even though vitamin D is widely acknowledged as having a potential immunomodulatory role in asthma, its exact beneficial mechanisms are yet to be clarified. An optimal serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-VitD) level in pediatric asthma patients might not rely solely on the effect of dose-dependent vitamin D3 intake, but might also be influenced by factors related to insufficient asthma control. We aimed to survey the prevalence of serum 25-OH-VitD deficiency and analyze whether suboptimal levels were associated with asthma severity factors. The current cross-sectional study enrolled 131 pediatric asthma or asthma-suggestive recurrent wheezing patients, for whom serum 25-OH-VitD, IgE, and eosinophil count were assessed. The prevalence of suboptimal serum 25-OH-VitD was 58.8%. A suboptimal vitamin D status was associated with asthma exacerbation in the previous month (p = 0.02). Even under seasonal oral vitamin D3 supplementation, patients with a positive history of asthma attack in the previous four weeks presented significantly lower serum 25-OH-VitD concentrations, compared to their peers with no disease exacerbation. In conclusion, sequential measurements of serum 25-OH-VitD might prove useful for future studies evaluating the dynamic changes in vitamin D3 status in regard to asthma, especially in symptomatic patients.
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Cho YS, Seo CH, Joo SY, Ohn SH. The association between vitamin D levels and burn factors in different burn types. BURNS & TRAUMA 2020; 8:tkaa018. [PMID: 32607374 PMCID: PMC7306415 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients with burns present with different clinical features depending on the types of burn injury and burn patients with lower levels of vitamin D have worse prognoses and more complications. The study aims to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and burn factors according to each burn type in relation to early intensive rehabilitation therapy initiated for inpatients with burns. Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled 757 of 1716 inpatients who underwent rehabilitative therapy between May 2013 and April 2017. Burn types were divided into flame burn, electrical burn and other burns, including scalding, contact and chemical burns. Age, burned body surface area (BSA), wound healing time (WHT), length of hospital stay (LOS) and body mass index were analysed between vitamin D deficient and non-deficient patient groups using Student’s t-tests, or Mann-Whitney U test and among three burn types using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA. The relationship between vitamin D levels and burn factors was evaluated using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient tests, and multiple linear regression analysis in different burn groups. Results In total, 88.9% patients were vitamin D deficient, and these patients had a larger burned BSA (p = 0.015) and longer WHT and LOS (all p < 0.001) than non-deficient patients. Burned BSA, WHT and vitamin D levels showed significant differences in their mean values according to three burn types (all p < 0.001). WHT was a communal factor significantly associated with vitamin D levels in all three burn types (p < 0.05). The WHT cut-off points to predict vitamin D deficiency were 55 days for flame burn (p < 0.001) and 62.5 days for electrical burn (p = 0.001). Conclusions WHT across all three burn types was a common factor associated with vitamin D levels for inpatients with burns who had undergone rehabilitative therapy. Electrical burn patients with vitamin D deficiency, even those with a low burned BSA percentage, showed prolonged wound healing over a two-month post-burn period. Independent of burned BSA, nutritional intervention concerning vitamin D in relation to burn wound healing should be considered to guide early initiation of intensive rehabilitation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Soo Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Burn Center, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, 94-200 Yeongdeungpo-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong Hoon Seo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Burn Center, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, 94-200 Yeongdeungpo-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Joo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Burn Center, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, 94-200 Yeongdeungpo-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hoon Ohn
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil Dongan-gu Anyang Gyeonggi-do 14068, Republic of Korea
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Wang LC, Chiang BL, Huang YM, Shen PT, Huang HY, Lin BF. Lower vitamin D levels in the breast milk is associated with atopic dermatitis in early infancy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31:258-264. [PMID: 31758588 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study showed that the discontinuation of breastfeeding could improve atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms in exclusively breastfed infants. As vitamins A and D are influential on the immune system, we aimed to analyze the association of vitamin A and D levels in breast milk (BM) with AD. METHODS We enrolled two- to four-month-old exclusively breastfed infants. The objective SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (objSCORAD) was evaluated. The lipid layer of BM was extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography for vitamin A and D levels. Medical charts were reviewed for the clinical course of AD. RESULTS Forty-five AD patients and 45 healthy controls were enrolled. The objSCORAD was 20.54 ± 1.73 (shown as mean ± SEM) in the AD group. The sex, parental atopy history, nutrient intake of mothers, and vitamin A levels in BM were not significantly different between the two groups. The 25-(OH) D3 level in BM was significantly lower in the AD group than in the control group (1.72 ± 0.30 and 3.95 ± 0.64 ng/mL, respectively; P = .001). The 25-(OH) D3 level negatively correlated with objSCORAD (P = .003). The only factor that is significantly associated with persistent AD is the objSCORAD in infancy (P = .003) after adjusting for age, sex, parental atopy history, and 25-(OH) D3 level by multiple regression. CONCLUSION Vitamin D levels in BM for exclusively breastfed infants were negatively associated with objSCORAD. Lower vitamin D levels in BM might be a risk factor for infantile AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ming Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ting Shen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Yi Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sanmartin R, Pardos C, Doste D, Aguilera J, Alijarde R, Jesús Agón-Banzo P, García-Malinis AJ, Puzo J, Hernández-Martín Á, Gilaberte Y. The association between atopic dermatitis and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children: Influence of sun exposure, diet, and atopy features-A cross-sectional study. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37:294-300. [PMID: 31997408 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have linked low serum vitamin D (VD) or 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with increased severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between serum VD (25(OH)D) levels and AD and AD severity, considering the influence of diet and sun exposure. METHODS We performed a prospective cross-sectional study of healthy controls and children diagnosed with AD. Participants were recruited between January 2011 and December 2012, and the following parameters were assessed: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), AD severity, Fitzpatrick skin type, asthma and rhinitis history, dietary VD intake, daily potential sun-induced VD production, sunscreen use, 25(OH)D and IgE serum levels, and results of the ImmunoCAP Phadiatop Infant test. RESULTS The study population consisted of 105 healthy controls and 134 AD patients. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in moderate and severe AD than in mild AD, although this association was only significant for patients with light Fitzpatrick skin type (mean(SD) 36.7 (11.9) ng/mL; moderate 28.8 [11.5] ng/mL; and severe 27.6 [12.1] ng/mL, P = .045). Logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between severe AD and both positive ImmunoCAP Phadiatop test and BMI. CONCLUSION Our data support an association between VD deficiency and AD severity only in patients with light complexion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Pardos
- Perpetuo Socorro, Primary Care Center, Huesca, Spain
| | | | - Jose Aguilera
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Puzo
- Department of Biochemistry, San Jorge Hospital, Huesca, Spain
| | | | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
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Hattangdi-Haridas SR, Lanham-New SA, Wong WHS, Ho MHK, Darling AL. Vitamin D Deficiency and Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Disease Severity in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Adults and Children. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081854. [PMID: 31405041 PMCID: PMC6722944 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has investigated 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in the Atopic Dermatitis (AD) population, as well as changes in AD severity after vitamin D (VitD) supplementation. We performed an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis of these findings. Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE up to February 2018 were performed. Observational studies comparing 25(OH)D between AD patients and controls, as well as trials documenting baseline serum 25(OH)D levels and clinical severity by either SCORAD/EASI scores, were included. Of the 1085 articles retrieved, sixteen were included. A meta-analysis of eleven studies of AD patients vs. healthy controls (HC) found a mean difference of −14 nmol/L (95% CI −25 to −2) for all studies and −16 nmol/L (95% CI −31 to −1) for the paediatric studies alone. A meta-analysis of three VitD supplementation trials found lower SCORAD by −11 points (95% CI −13 to −9, p < 0.00001). This surpasses the Minimal Clinical Important Difference for AD of 9.0 points (by 22%). There were greater improvements in trials lasting three months and the mean weighted dose of all trials was 1500–1600 IU/daily. Overall, the AD population, especially the paediatric subset, may be at high-risk for lower serum 25(OH)D. Supplementation with around 1600 IU/daily results in a clinically meaningful AD severity reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal R Hattangdi-Haridas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Susan A Lanham-New
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Wilfred Hing Sang Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marco Hok Kung Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrea L Darling
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
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Ahmed Mohamed A, Salah Ahmed EM, Farag YMK, Bedair NI, Nassar NA, Ghanem AIM. Dose-response association between vitamin D deficiency and atopic dermatitis in children, and effect modification by gender: a case-control study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 32:174-179. [PMID: 31296076 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1643447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is a regulatory factor for immunity and skin barrier functions. It is hypothesized to be linked to atopic dermatitis (AD) which is characterized by interaction between epidermal barrier dysfunction and dysregulation of skin immune functions. METHODS One hundred AD patients and one hundred and one normal controls were collected from outpatient clinic based on their clinical condition, both had measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. We assessed the relationship between 25(OH)D deficiency and AD prevalence using adjusted Poisson regression model. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in cases than controls (mean 35.1 versus 22.6 ng/mL, p < .001). The unadjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) (95% CI) for AD for comparing participants with intermediate and deficient vitamin D levels to those with optimal levels were 3.11 (1.91, 5.06) and 4.77 (2.99, 7.60), respectively. The association did not materially change after adjusting for potential confounders. In the fully adjusted analysis stratified by gender, PRs for AD for comparing male participants with intermediate and deficient vitamin D levels to those with optimal levels were 3.38 (1.21, 9.40) and 5.20 (1.91, 14.13), respectively, whereas in the female participants were 1.32 (0.96, 1.83) and 1.49 (1.04, 2.14), respectively (p-interaction <.001). CONCLUSION In this case-control study in children, we found a statistically significant dose-response association between vitamin D deficiency and AD. We also observed a statistically significant effect modification of this association by gender. Further research is recommended to study this association longitudinally, and to examine whether treating vitamin D deficiency may potentially improve AD. Key points Question: Can atopic dermatitis be associated with vitamin D deficiency? Finding: Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in cases with AD than in controls. Prevalence ratios for comparing male participants with intermediate and deficient vitamin D levels to those with optimal levels were 3.38 (1.21, 9.40) and 5.20 (1.91, 14.13), respectively, whereas in the female participants were 1.32 (0.96, 1.83) and 1.49 (1.04, 2.14), respectively (p-interaction <.001). Meaning: vitamin D deficiency is associated with AD in children, effect modification of this association by gender was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Salah Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Youssef M K Farag
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research and Clinical Research and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nermeen Ibrahim Bedair
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Daniluk U, Filimoniuk A, Kowalczuk‐Krystoń M, Alifier M, Karpińska J, Kaczmarski MG, Lebensztejn DM. Association of antioxidants and vitamin D level with inflammation in children with atopic dermatitis. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:1056-1061. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Daniluk
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Aleksandra Filimoniuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Monika Kowalczuk‐Krystoń
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Marek Alifier
- Department of Clinical Immunology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | | | - Maciej G. Kaczmarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Dariusz M. Lebensztejn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
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Vaughn AR, Foolad N, Maarouf M, Tran KA, Shi VY. Micronutrients in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:567-577. [PMID: 30912673 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2018.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) involves a complex interplay between immune system dysfunction, genetics, and environmental factors. It is well known that nutritional status is essential to a proper functioning immune system, leading to a highly debated question regarding the role of dietary factors in the pathogenesis of AD. Food allergies and elimination diets have been broadly studied in atopy; however, less consideration has been given to how vitamins, minerals, and other micronutrients influence the risk for AD and severity of symptoms. This systematic review discusses evidence on how various micronutrients, including vitamins (C, E, and D) and trace minerals (zinc, selenium, iron, copper, magnesium, and strontium) are associated with AD, and how supplementation influence disease severity. Design: A systematic search was conducted to identify the role that oral micronutrients have on AD. The authors reviewed 49 studies herein. Results: While there are weak associations between vitamins C or E and AD, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that vitamin D supplementation provides benefit in AD patients. Deficiency of selenium and zinc may exacerbate AD. Current reports are not sufficient to confidently discern the role of other vitamins and trace minerals on AD. Conclusions: Though oral micronutrients may play a role in AD, the current literature is limited, and there is a need for more comprehensive randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to truly decipher the role between oral micronutrients and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Vaughn
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Negar Foolad
- 2 School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Melody Maarouf
- 3 College of Medicine, University of Arizona-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Khiem A Tran
- 3 College of Medicine, University of Arizona-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- 4 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
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Xiang J, Wang H, Li T. Comorbidity of Vitamin A and Vitamin D Deficiency Exacerbates the Severity of Atopic Dermatitis in Children. Dermatology 2019; 235:196-204. [DOI: 10.1159/000496603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Several studies have suggested that vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, little is known about the relationship between AD and vitamin A (VA). The interaction between VA and VD on AD requires further study. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We detected serum levels of VA and VD in children with AD to explore how VA deficiency (VAD) and VDD affect AD severity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We assessed the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, total immunoglobin E levels and peripheral blood eosinophil counts. VA and VD levels were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Correlations among variables were investigated with Pearson’s correlation analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The VD and VA levels were significantly lower in children with AD than in normal children (p < 0.001, p = 0.0423). Both VD and VA levels were negatively correlated with SCORAD scores. The SCORAD scores were significantly higher in AD patients with both VDD and VAD (co-deficiency) than in other AD patients. Significant inverse correlations were observed between peripheral blood eosinophil counts and serum VA and VD levels. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> VA and VD co-deficiency may exacerbate AD symptoms in children, but the specific mechanism underlying this relationship requires further study. These findings may indicate the need for studies evaluating the use of VD and VA as potential treatments for AD patients.
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Huang CM, Lara-Corrales I, Pope E. Effects of Vitamin D levels and supplementation on atopic dermatitis: A systematic review. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:754-760. [PMID: 30284328 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition affecting 5%-20% of children worldwide. Studies suggested both a correlation between serum vitamin D (VD) levels and AD severity and a therapeutic potential role for VD supplementation. OBJECTIVES To determine whether serum VD levels correlate with AD severity and the effects of supplementation for disease improvement in children. DATA SOURCES Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. STUDY SELECTION Publications with children 0-18 years old with AD and data evaluating effects of VD levels or supplementation on AD severity were included. DATA EXTRACTION Author, year, inclusion criteria, study design, location, age, VD levels, VD supplementation regimens, and baseline and final disease severities were extracted. RESULTS Of the 21 included publications, 15, 5, and 1 evaluated VD level, VD supplementation, and both factors with disease severity, respectively. There were 4 randomized control trials (RCTs), 5 cohort, 6 case-control, and 6 cross-sectional studies. A significant inverse correlation between VD level and severity was described in 62.5% (10/16) of studies. There were 67% (4/6) that reported a significant improvement in AD severity with supplementation. LIMITATIONS Studies meeting inclusion criteria were limited. Furthermore, papers were heterogeneous in terms of location, season, and VD supplementation regimen. Language and publication bias was another potential limitation. CONCLUSION In children, the majority of existing literature confirmed a link between serum VD levels and AD severity. Weak evidence was found supporting improvement of AD with VD supplementation. Future large-scale studies are needed to support our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Lara-Corrales
- Section of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena Pope
- Section of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Lara-Corrales I, Huang CM, Parkin PC, Rubio-Gomez GA, Posso-De Los Rios CJ, Maguire J, Pope E. Vitamin D Level and Supplementation in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cutan Med Surg 2018; 23:44-49. [PMID: 30336685 DOI: 10.1177/1203475418805744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by a pruritic eczematous rash. Evidence surrounding the role of serum vitamin D (VD) in modifying disease severity is inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether VD levels are correlated with AD severity and the effects of VD supplementation on disease modification. METHODS: This was a 2-phase study, using a cross-sectional design to evaluate the relationship between VD level and severity, as well as a double-blinded, randomized control trial to elucidate the effects of VD supplementation. Patients aged 0 to 18 years with AD were included in phase 1, and disease severity and serum VD levels were determined. Those with renal, liver, or other dermatologic conditions were excluded. Patients with abnormal (<72.7 nmol/L) VD levels were eligible for phase 2 and to be randomized to either VD supplementation of 2000 IU/d or placebo. VD level and severity were assessed at baseline and 3 months. RESULTS: The 77 patients included in phase 1 had a mean (SD) age of 7.4 (4.5) years, and 45.5% (33/77) were female. Increased severity was significantly correlated with lower VD levels ( P = .015). Of the 45 patients included in phase 2, 21 and 24 were assigned to the supplementation and placebo arm, respectively. The mean (SD) change in severity did not differ significantly between the supplementation (15.35 [9.71]) and placebo (15.13 [8.97]) groups after 3 months of intervention ( P = .7). CONCLUSION: Although VD levels correlated with AD severity, VD supplementation did not significantly improve disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lara-Corrales
- 1 Section of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Patricia C Parkin
- 3 Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Jonathon Maguire
- 3 Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Pope
- 1 Section of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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31
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Interleukin 1-β, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and vitamin D levels in children with atopic dermatitis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2018; 43:180-185. [PMID: 30135631 PMCID: PMC6102616 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2018.77388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Among the broad spectrum of cytokines, interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) has been implicated in induction and subsequent aggravation of skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD). A considerable body of evidence suggests that vitamin D status also influences the risk and/or severity of AD. Material and methods Fifty-seven children suffering from mild to severe AD were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 33 matched healthy children. In all the children serum concentrations of IL-1β/IL-1F2 and the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist IL-Ra/1F3 were measured. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was obtained for 49 patients with AD and all healthy children. Results In children with AD 59.2% of children had insufficiency, 24.5% had deficiency and 16.3% had a sufficient serum 25(OH)D level. In the control group 26.5%, 52.9% and 20% of participants had insufficiency/deficiency/sufficiency of 25(OH)D, respectively. The severity of AD was positively correlated with total IgE level, percentage and absolute count of eosinophils and IL-1Ra. IL-1β correlated with IL-1Ra. Conclusions In children with AD the serum vitamin D level was lower than in healthy children. The correlation between severity of AD and IL-1Ra may prove that inflammasome-dependent IL-1β is involved in immunopathogenesis of the disease. Further studies are needed on a larger population of children to confirm the role of this cytokine in development of AD.
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Li MM, Lu CY, Wang XM. [Predictive value of cord blood 25(OH)D3 for early infantile atopic dermatitis]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2018; 20:303-307. [PMID: 29658456 PMCID: PMC7390034 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the predictive value of cord blood 25(OH)D3 [25(OH)D3] for infantile atopic dermatitis (AD), and to provide a reference for primary prevention of early infantile AD. METHODS The neonates born from July to September, 2015 were enrolled. The cord blood samples were collected at birth to measure the level of 25(OH)D3. Outpatient follow-up was conducted for all the infants at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after birth. A survey was performed to investigate the incidence of AD. RESULTS A total of 67 neonates completed a 6-month follow-up. The incidence of AD was 34% (23/67), and 91% (21/23) of these cases occurred in the first month after birth. The 23 AD children had a significantly lower cord 25(OH)D3 level than those without AD (P<0.05). The children with a cord 25(OH)D3 level <30 nmol/L showed a significantly higher incidence of AD than those with a cord 25(OH)D3 level ≥30 nmol/L (P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve of cord 25(OH)D3 in predicting AD was 0.648 (standard error: 0.075; 95%CI: 0.502-0.795). Its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 52.2%, 79.5%, 57.1%, and 76.1%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that low cord 25(OH)D3 level, preference for seafood during pregnancy, atopic family history, and mixed feeding were risk factors for infantile AD (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cord 25(OH)D3 level is inversely associated with the risk of infantile AD, but it has a low diagnostic value for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Amon U, Baier L, Yaguboglu R, Ennis M, Holick MF, Amon J. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with skin diseases including psoriasis, infections, and atopic dermatitis. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2018; 10:e1442159. [PMID: 29904567 PMCID: PMC5997090 DOI: 10.1080/19381980.2018.1442159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenetic role of vitamin D as well as its clinical correlation in inflammatory skin diseases is still uncertain. This study aimed to compare serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D (calcidiol) in outpatients suffering from different skin diseases using the same laboratory method in one study. In routine serum samples of 1,532 patients from the previous 12 months we identified retrospectively 180 (mean age 49.4 years, 80 female, 100 male) and 205 (mean age 36.3 years, 116 female, 89 male) patients with psoriasis (PSO) and atopic dermatitis (AD), respectively. Clinical disease activity and quality of life was evaluated using Physicians Global Assessment Scores (PGA), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and a Visual Analog Scale for pruritus in AD, respectively. The median 25(OH)D serum level of all patients (22.97 ng/mL, range 2.61–96.0, n = 1,461) was significantly lower in comparison to healthy controls (41.6 ng/mL, range 16.9–77.57, p < 0.0001, n = 71). In PSO and AD we measured 21.05 ng/mL (44% < 20 ng/mL) and 22.7 ng/mL (39% < 20 ng/mL), respectively (p = 0.152). Among all subgroups, patients with severe acute or chronic infectious skin diseases had the lowest median 25(OH)D serum levels (17.11 ng/mL, n = 94, 66% <20 ng/mL, p < 0,001 vs. AD, p = 0,007 vs. PSO). For PSO and AD there was no significant correlation between 25(OH)D levels and PGA scores and DLQI values, respectively, or the extent of pruritus in AD. 25(OH)D serum levels in inflammatory skin diseases might correlate more with the type of disease and the degree of inflammation than with clinical activity itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Amon
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Am Markgrafenpark 6, Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany
| | - Laura Baier
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Am Markgrafenpark 6, Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany
| | - Raul Yaguboglu
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Am Markgrafenpark 6, Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany
| | - Madeleine Ennis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queens University of Belfast, University Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Michael F Holick
- Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Heliotherapy, Light, and Skin Research Center, Boston University Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian Amon
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Am Markgrafenpark 6, Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany
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Alyahya KO. Vitamin D levels in schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study in Kuwait. BMC Pediatr 2017; 17:213. [PMID: 29273017 PMCID: PMC5741933 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ongoing studies in the Middle East, particularly in the Arabian Gulf countries, have reported extremely low levels of serum vitamin D across age and gender. In Kuwait, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in adolescent girls and in adult women. A number of risk factors have been reported, among which gender, age, and obesity are a few. Because adequate vitamin D status is necessary to promote bone mineral accrual in childhood, and because low vitamin D levels have been associated with a wide range of health problems, there is concern that growing children with low vitamin D may be at higher risk for developing diseases. The aim of this study was to assess vitamin D levels in elementary schoolchildren. Methods Kuwaiti schoolchildren were recruited and assessed for their serum vitamin D, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and adjusted serum calcium (adj-Ca). Anthropometric measurements and data on lifestyle and health status were recorded during an interview. Results In a total of 199 schoolchildren, median (IQR) age was 8.5 (7.0–9.5 years), 25(OH)D was 30 (22–39 nmol/L), PTH was 4.7 (3.8–5.9 pmol/L), and adj-Ca was 2.39 (2.33–2.44 mmol/L). Boys had higher levels of 25(OH)D (18.3% vs 6.6% had levels ≥50 nmol/L) and lower levels of PTH (94.6% vs 80.2% had levels <7 pmol/L) than girls. Significant risk factors for 25(OH)D levels <25 nmol/L included being ≤8.5 years old (OR 4.95, 95% CI: 1.92–12.74), having PTH ≥7 pmol/L (OR 2.28, 95% CI: 1.17–4.46), being female (OR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.22–4.88), and being overweight or obese (OR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.11–4.26). Conclusions The results show relatively low levels of 25(OH)D in young schoolchildren in Kuwait, with lower levels in girls. Given the association of 25(OH)D with a wide range of ailments, it is necessary to further examine the causes and risk factors of low vitamin D in this age group to prevent associated health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khulood Othman Alyahya
- Science Department, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET), Ardhyia, Kuwait.
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Serum vitamin D level in Egyptian children with atopic dermatitis and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation. JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN WOMEN’S DERMATOLOGIC SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ewx.0000516170.33041.a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Human Milk and Allergic Diseases: An Unsolved Puzzle. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080894. [PMID: 28817095 PMCID: PMC5579687 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence on the protective role of breastfeeding in relation to the development of allergic sensitisation and allergic disease. Studies vary in methodology and definition of outcomes, which lead to considerable heterogeneity. Human milk composition varies both within and between individuals, which may partially explain conflicting data. It is known that human milk composition is very complex and contains variable levels of immune active molecules, oligosaccharides, metabolites, vitamins and other nutrients and microbial content. Existing evidence suggests that modulation of human breast milk composition has potential for preventing allergic diseases in early life. In this review, we discuss associations between breastfeeding/human milk composition and allergy development.
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Souto Filho JTD, de Andrade AS, Ribeiro FM, Alves PDAS, Simonini VRF. Impact of vitamin D deficiency on increased blood eosinophil counts. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2017; 11:25-29. [PMID: 28830802 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Vitamin D has been increasingly recognized as an immunomodulatory agent. Its deficiency has been associated with immune-mediated diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. These allergic conditions are dependent on T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells secreting interleukins, overproduction of immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophil activation. We investigated the association between serum vitamin D levels and blood absolute eosinophil count. METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional study of 669 men and women referred to a clinical pathology laboratory who underwent 25-hydroxyvitamin D testing and complete blood count analysis on the same day. RESULTS Vitamin D levels were stratified into four ranges: severely deficient (<10ng/mL), deficient (≥10ng/mL and <20ng/mL), insufficient (≥20ng/mL and <30ng/mL), or sufficient (≥30ng/mL). The mean/median eosinophil count in the four groups was 267/254cells/μL, 245/238cells/μL, 191/159cells/μL, and 182/146cells/μL, respectively, (p=.001). The difference was significant between the severe deficiency group and each of the other three groups (p=.012, p=.002, and p=.001, respectively). There was no statistical difference among the four groups in terms of total leukocyte counts (p=.151), neutrophils (p=.177), or lymphocytes (p=.582). CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency was associated with higher blood eosinophil count. These results support the possible role of vitamin D in the eosinophil immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Tadeu Damian Souto Filho
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Chieosilapatham P, Ogawa H, Niyonsaba F. Current insights into the role of human β-defensins in atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 190:155-166. [PMID: 28708318 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microbial peptides or host defence peptides are small molecules that display both anti-microbial activities and complex immunomodulatory functions to protect against various diseases. Among these peptides, the human β-defensins (hBDs) are localized primarily in epithelial surfaces, including those of the skin, where they contribute to protective barriers. In atopic dermatitis skin lesions, altered skin barrier and immune dysregulation are believed to be responsible for reduced hBD synthesis. Impaired hBD expression in the skin is reportedly the leading cause of increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral infection in patients with atopic dermatitis. Although hBDs have considerable beneficial effects as anti-microbial agents and immunomodulators and may ameliorate atopic dermatitis clinically, recent evidence has also suggested the negative effects of hBDs in atopic dermatitis development. In the current review, we provide an overview of the regulation of hBDs and their role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. The efforts to utilize these molecules in clinical applications are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chieosilapatham
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Jang YH, Sim HB, Moon SY, Lee WJ, Lee SJ, Jin M, Kim SH, Kim DW. House Dust Mite Sensitization Is Inversely Associated with Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels in Patients with Severe Atopic Dermatitis. Ann Dermatol 2017; 29:400-406. [PMID: 28761286 PMCID: PMC5500703 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2017.29.4.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and low vitamin D levels has been studied. Emerging evidence has implicated vitamin D as a critical regulator of immunity, playing a role in both the innate and cell-mediated immune systems. However, the effect of vitamin D on house dust mite (HDM) sensitization in patients with AD has not been established. Objective We investigated the association between vitamin D levels and HDM sensitization according to AD severity. Methods In total, 80 patients (43 men and 37 women) with AD were included. We classified AD severity using Rajka and Langeland scores. Laboratory tests included serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and specific IgE antibody titer against Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus. Results There were no differences in vitamin D levels between the mild or moderate AD and severe AD groups. In the severe AD group, high HDM sensitization group had lower serum vitamin D levels compared to low HDM sensitization group with statistical significance. In addition, a significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D levels and HDM sensitization in the severe AD group. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that low vitamin D levels may link to high HDM sensitization in patients with the severe AD. Further elucidation of the role of vitamin D in HDM sensitization may hold profound implications for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Bo Sim
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sun Young Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Weon Ju Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seok-Jong Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Meiling Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Do Won Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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LeBovidge JS, Elverson W, Timmons KG, Hawryluk EB, Rea C, Lee M, Schneider LC. Multidisciplinary interventions in the management of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 138:325-34. [PMID: 27497275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common pediatric skin disease. AD has a significant effect on patient and family quality of life caused by intense pruritus, sleep disruption, dietary and nutritional concerns, and psychological stress associated with the disease and its management. Multidisciplinary approaches to AD care have been developed in appreciation of the complex interplay among biological, psychological, behavioral, and dietary factors that affect disease control and the wide range of knowledge, skills, and support that patients and families require to effectively manage and cope with this condition. Common components of multidisciplinary treatment approaches include medical evaluation and management by an AD specialist, education and nursing care, psychological and behavioral support, and nutritional assessment and guidance. Models of care include both clinical programs and structured educational groups provided as adjuncts to standard clinical care. Available evidence suggests beneficial effects of multidisciplinary interventions in improving disease severity and quality of life, particularly for patients with moderate-to-severe disease. Additional research is needed to identify the best candidates for the various multidisciplinary approaches and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S LeBovidge
- Allergy Program, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Wendy Elverson
- Center for Nutrition, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Karol G Timmons
- Allergy Program, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Elena B Hawryluk
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Dermatology Program, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Corinna Rea
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Margaret Lee
- Dermatology Program, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Lynda C Schneider
- Allergy Program, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Yoshida K, Adachi Y, Sasaki M, Akashi M, Itazawa T, Ohya Y, Odajima H, Akasawa A. Ultraviolet index is associated with childhood eczema prevalence: Sex and age differences. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2017; 28:391-393. [PMID: 28211092 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Yoshida
- Division of Allergy, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mari Sasaki
- Division of Allergy, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Akashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiko Itazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ohya
- Division of Allergy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Odajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Fukuoka National Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Akasawa
- Division of Allergy, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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The relationship between severity of disease and vitamin D levels in children with atopic dermatitis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2017; 34:224-227. [PMID: 28670250 PMCID: PMC5471369 DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2017.66054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder. Vitamin D is a liposoluble vitamin synthesized mainly in the skin. Vitamin D has several effects on the skin. Aim To assess the serum level of vitamin D in children with AD and determine its relation to AD severity. Material and methods Sixty patients with AD were enrolled in the study. We evaluated disease severity using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. The control group consisted of 37 healthy subjects. Results The mean serum concentration of 25(OH)D3 in patients with AD was not statistically different from control subjects (p = 0.065). The vitamin D level was significantly lower in moderate and severe AD compared with mild AD, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004). Vitamin D showed a negative correlation with serum total IgE levels (p = 0.007). There was no significant correlation between total IgE levels and SCORAD scores (p = 0.089). Conclusions This study suggests that a low serum vitamin D level is inversely associated with severity of AD in children. Vitamin D has not been included in the routine treatment of AD because of the conflicting results of various studies. Thus, there is a need for more detailed and prospective studies.
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Vitamin D levels and susceptibility to asthma, elevated immunoglobulin E levels, and atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study. PLoS Med 2017; 14:e1002294. [PMID: 28486474 PMCID: PMC5423551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low circulating vitamin D levels have been associated with risk of asthma, atopic dermatitis, and elevated total immunoglobulin E (IgE). These epidemiological associations, if true, would have public health importance, since vitamin D insufficiency is common and correctable. METHODS AND FINDINGS We aimed to test whether genetically lowered vitamin D levels were associated with risk of asthma, atopic dermatitis, or elevated serum IgE levels, using Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology to control bias owing to confounding and reverse causation. The study employed data from the UK Biobank resource and from the SUNLIGHT, GABRIEL and EAGLE eczema consortia. Using four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in 33,996 individuals, we conducted MR studies to estimate the effect of lowered 25OHD on the risk of asthma (n = 146,761), childhood onset asthma (n = 15,008), atopic dermatitis (n = 40,835), and elevated IgE level (n = 12,853) and tested MR assumptions in sensitivity analyses. None of the four 25OHD-lowering alleles were associated with asthma, atopic dermatitis, or elevated IgE levels (p ≥ 0.2). The MR odds ratio per standard deviation decrease in log-transformed 25OHD was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90-1.19, p = 0.63) for asthma, 0.95 (95% CI 0.69-1.31, p = 0.76) for childhood-onset asthma, and 1.12 (95% CI 0.92-1.37, p = 0.27) for atopic dermatitis, and the effect size on log-transformed IgE levels was -0.40 (95% CI -1.65 to 0.85, p = 0.54). These results persisted in sensitivity analyses assessing population stratification and pleiotropy and vitamin D synthesis and metabolism pathways. The main limitations of this study are that the findings do not exclude an association between the studied outcomes and 1,25-dihydoxyvitamin D, the active form of vitamin D, the study was underpowered to detect effects smaller than an OR of 1.33 for childhood asthma, and the analyses were restricted to white populations of European ancestry. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource and data from the SUNLIGHT, GABRIEL and EAGLE Eczema consortia. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found no evidence that genetically determined reduction in 25OHD levels conferred an increased risk of asthma, atopic dermatitis, or elevated total serum IgE, suggesting that efforts to increase vitamin D are unlikely to reduce risks of atopic disease.
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Chirumbolo S, Bjørklund G, Sboarina A, Vella A. The Role of Vitamin D in the Immune System as a Pro-survival Molecule. Clin Ther 2017; 39:894-916. [PMID: 28438353 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D is a fascinating and attractive molecule that has gained particular attention in medicine in recent years. Its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential might resemble the activity of many nature-derived molecules (eg, flavonoids), but its role in biology was selected during a long evolutionary pathway to dampen the damaging effect of cell stress response and of the immune reaction. In this sense, this molecule can be considered an ancient hormone that serves, in its primary role, as a pro-survival agent. The goal of this review was to elucidate this topic. METHODS The article reviews current literature on the field, focusing on issues regarding the role of vitamin D in immunity. FINDINGS Vitamin D participates in the survival machinery used by the cell, and in particular it plays a major role in synchronizing calcium oscillatory signaling to allow cell autophagy or apoptosis during a stress response. IMPLICATIONS Vitamin D should be better highlighted in its molecular action and vitamin D receptor genomics to conceive a more suited therapeutic supplementation protocol in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Andrea Sboarina
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Department of Medicine-University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
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Silverberg JI. Selected comorbidities of atopic dermatitis: Atopy, neuropsychiatric, and musculoskeletal disorders. Clin Dermatol 2017; 35:360-366. [PMID: 28709566 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease with substantial morbidity and quality of life impairment. There are a number of comorbid health problems that occur in patients with AD, aside from the cutaneous signs and symptoms. Chronic pruritus and inflammation can lead to sleep disturbances and mental health symptoms, which are not mutually exclusive. AD is associated with and may predispose to higher risk of other atopic disorders, including asthma and hay fever. Persons with AD appear to be at higher risk for multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, speech disorders in childhood, headaches, and seizures. There is also a multifactorial association of AD with osteoporosis, injuries, and fractures. Elucidating the comorbidities of AD is important for disease management and improving overall clinical outcomes. This review summarizes recent developments in the atopic and neuropsychiatric comorbidities of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan I Silverberg
- Departments of Dermatology, Preventive Medicine, and Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
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D'Auria E, Barberi S, Cerri A, Boccardi D, Turati F, Sortino S, Banderali G, Ciprandi G. Vitamin D status and body mass index in children with atopic dermatitis: A pilot study in Italian children. Immunol Lett 2017; 181:31-35. [PMID: 27838470 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tromp IIM, Franco OH, van den Hooven EH, Heijboer AC, Jaddoe VWV, Duijts L, de Jongste JC, Moll HA, Kiefte-de Jong JC. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, asthma and eczema in childhood: The generation R study. Clin Nutr 2016; 37:169-176. [PMID: 28017448 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS A role of vitamin D in the development of respiratory and allergic disease in children remains unclear. It may be likely that vitamin D has an effect on airway inflammation, but only few studies examined the effect in children. We aimed to examine whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) vitamin D) concentrations are associated with the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), airway interrupter resistance (Rint), physician diagnosed asthma ever, wheezing and eczema in a population-based cohort study in 6 year old children. METHODS Serum 25(OH) vitamin D concentration was assessed in 3815 children. 25(OH) vitamin D concentrations ≥75 nmol/L were considered as sufficient, between 50 and 75 nmol/L as insufficient, and <50 nmol/L as deficient. FeNO and Rint were measured at the research center. Data on physician diagnosed asthma, wheezing, and eczema were obtained by parent-reported questionnaires. RESULTS In comparison with sufficient 25(OH) vitamin D concentration, deficient concentrations were associated with elevated FeNO of ≥25 ppb (OR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.34-4.80). In addition, deficient and insufficient 25(OH) vitamin D concentrations were associated with a lower Rint (Z-score: -1.26; 95% CI: -1.66 to -0.85) (ß: -0.75; 95% CI: -1.08 to -0.42), and increased risks of eczema (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.13-2.41) (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.06-1.95). Insufficient 25(OH) vitamin D concentration were associated with a decreased risk of physician diagnosed asthma ever (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38-0.94). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that lower 25(OH) vitamin D levels are associated with elevated FeNO levels, but lower Rint values. Lower 25(OH) vitamin D levels are also associated with a decreased risk for asthma diagnoses but an increased risk for eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse I M Tromp
- From the Generation R Study Group, The Netherlands; Departments of Pediatrics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Departments of Epidemiology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- From the Generation R Study Group, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Pediatrics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Departments of Epidemiology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Neonatology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C de Jongste
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte A Moll
- Departments of Pediatrics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Departments of Epidemiology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Global Public Health, Leiden University College, The Hague, The Netherlands; Departments of Pediatrics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kim MJ, Kim SN, Lee YW, Choe YB, Ahn KJ. Vitamin D Status and Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8120789. [PMID: 27918470 PMCID: PMC5188444 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent literature has highlighted the possible role of vitamin D in atopic dermatitis (AD), and that vitamin D supplementation might help to treat AD. This study determined the relationship between vitamin D level and AD, and assessed the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation. We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to May 2015. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials were included based on the available data on the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and quantified data available for severity assessed using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index or Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score. Compared with healthy controls, the serum 25(OH)D level was lower in the AD patients of all ages (standardized mean difference = −2.03 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −2.52 to −0.78), and predominantly in the pediatric AD patients (standardized mean difference = −3.03 ng/mL; 95% CI = −4.76 to −1.29). In addition, the SCORAD index and EASI score decreased after vitamin D supplementation (standardized mean difference = −5.85; 95% CI = −7.66 to −4.05). This meta-analysis showed that serum vitamin D level was lower in the AD patients and vitamin D supplementation could be a new therapeutic option for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea.
| | - Soo-Nyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea.
| | - Yang Won Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea.
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea.
| | - Yong Beom Choe
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea.
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea.
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea.
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea.
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Serum vitamin D status in adult patients with atopic dermatitis: Recommendations for daily practice. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 75:1257-1259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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The Role of Vitamin D in Allergic Diseases in Children. J Clin Gastroenterol 2016; 50 Suppl 2, Proceedings from the 8th Probiotics, Prebiotics & New Foods for Microbiota and Human Health meeting held in Rome, Italy on September 13-15, 2015:S133-S135. [PMID: 27741157 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in calcium and phosphate homeostasis is well known; however, in addition to traditional functions, vitamin D modulates a variety of processes, and evidence shows that it has an important role in different allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. Vitamin D acts by binding to the vitamin D receptor, which is present in a variety of tissues; for this reason it is considered a hormone. One of the most important functions is to modulate the immune system response, both innate and adaptive, by suppressing Th2-type response and increasing natural killer cells. Recent studies show that higher serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with a reduced risk for asthma exacerbations and hospitalization. Other experimental data suggest that vitamin D can potentially increase the therapeutic response to glucocorticoid and potentially be used as an add-on treatment in steroid-resistant asthmatic patients. However, vitamin D stimulates the production and regulation of skin antimicrobial peptides, such as cathelicidins, which have both direct antimicrobial activity and induced host cellular response by triggering cytokine release. Recent evidence suggests that low blood vitamin D level is a risk factor for food allergy; vitamin D deficiency predisposes to gastrointestinal infections, which may promote the development of food allergy. In conclusion, several data suggest that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are often insufficient in children with asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. Further clinical trials are needed to provide conclusive evidence and to identify the effects of vitamin D in allergic diseases.
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