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Long Y, Wang C, Liu C, Li H, Pu A, Dong Z, Wei X, Wan X. Molecular mechanisms controlling grain size and weight and their biotechnological breeding applications in maize and other cereal crops. J Adv Res 2024; 62:27-46. [PMID: 37739122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cereal crops are a primary energy source for humans. Grain size and weight affect both evolutionary fitness and grain yield of cereals. Although studies on gene mining and molecular mechanisms controlling grain size and weight are constantly emerging in cereal crops, only a few systematic reviews on the underlying molecular mechanisms and their breeding applications are available so far. AIM OF REVIEW This review provides a general state-of-the-art overview of molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies for improving grain size and weight of cereals as well as insights for future yield-improving biotechnology-assisted breeding. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this review, the evolution of research on grain size and weight over the last 20 years is traced based on a bibliometric analysis of 1158 publications and the main signaling pathways and transcriptional factors involved are summarized. In addition, the roles of post-transcriptional regulation and photosynthetic product accumulation affecting grain size and weight in maize and rice are outlined. State-of-the-art strategies for discovering novel genes related to grain size and weight in maize and other cereal crops as well as advanced breeding biotechnology strategies being used for improving yield including marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, transgenic breeding, and genome editing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Huangai Li
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Aqing Pu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China.
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Dong N, Jiao G, Cao R, Li S, Zhao S, Duan Y, Ma L, Li X, Lu F, Wang H, Wang S, Shao G, Sheng Z, Hu S, Tang S, Wei X, Hu P. OsLESV and OsESV1 promote transitory and storage starch biosynthesis to determine rice grain quality and yield. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100893. [PMID: 38581128 PMCID: PMC11287174 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Transitory starch is an important carbon source in leaves, and its biosynthesis and metabolism are closely related to grain quality and yield. The molecular mechanisms controlling leaf transitory starch biosynthesis and degradation and their effects on rice (Oryza sativa) quality and yield remain unclear. Here, we show that OsLESV and OsESV1, the rice orthologs of AtLESV and AtESV1, are associated with transitory starch biosynthesis in rice. The total starch and amylose contents in leaves and endosperms are significantly reduced, and the final grain quality and yield are compromised in oslesv and osesv1 single and oslesv esv1 double mutants. Furthermore, we found that OsLESV and OsESV1 bind to starch, and this binding depends on a highly conserved C-terminal tryptophan-rich region that acts as a starch-binding domain. Importantly, OsLESV and OsESV1 also interact with the key enzymes of starch biosynthesis, granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI), GBSSII, and pyruvate orthophosphote dikiase (PPDKB), to maintain their protein stability and activity. OsLESV and OsESV1 also facilitate the targeting of GBSSI and GBSSII from plastid stroma to starch granules. Overexpression of GBSSI, GBSSII, and PPDKB can partly rescue the phenotypic defects of the oslesv and osesv1 mutants. Thus, we demonstrate that OsLESV and OsESV1 play a key role in regulating the biosynthesis of both leaf transitory starch and endosperm storage starch in rice. These findings deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying transitory starch biosynthesis in rice leaves and reveal how the transitory starch metabolism affects rice grain quality and yield, providing useful information for the genetic improvement of rice grain quality and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Guiai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ruijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Sanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shaolu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yingqing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Liuyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Feifei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Gaoneng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Cui Z, Wang X, Dai Y, Li Y, Ban Y, Tian W, Zhang X, Feng X, Zhang X, Jia L, He G, Sang X. Transcription factor OsNF-YC1 regulates grain size by coordinating the transcriptional activation of OsMADS1 in Oryza sativa L. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38887937 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Grain weight, grain number per panicle, and the number of panicles are the three factors that determine rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield. Of these, grain weight, which not only directly determines rice yield but also influences appearance and quality, is often considered the most important for rice production. Here, we describe OsNF-YC1, a member of the NF-Y transcription factor family that regulates rice grain size. OsNF-YC1 knockout plants (osnf-yc1), obtained using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, showed reduced grain weight due to reduced width and thickness, with no change in grain length, leading to a slenderer grain shape. Downregulation of OsNF-YC1 using RNA interference resulted in similar grain phenotypes as osnf-yc1. OsNF-YC1 affects grain formation by regulating both cell proliferation and cell expansion. OsNF-YC1 localizes in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, has transcriptional activation activity at both the N-terminus and C-terminus, and is highly expressed in young panicles. OsNF-YC1 interacts with OsMADS1 both in vivo and in vitro. Further analysis showed that the histone-like structural CBFD-NFYB-HMF domain of OsNF-YC1 conserved in the OsNF-YC transcription factor family can directly interact with the MADS-box domain of OsMADS1 to enhance its transcriptional activation activity. This interaction positively regulates the expression of OsMADS55, the direct downstream target of OsMADS1. Therefore, this paper reveals a potential grain size regulation pathway controlled by an OsNF-YC1-OsMADS1-OsMADS55 module in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Cui
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yongdong Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yijie Ban
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Weijiang Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xinyu Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xuefei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Luqi Jia
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xianchun Sang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Lu Z, Huang W, Ge Q, Liang G, Sun L, Wu J, Ghouri F, Shahid MQ, Liu X. Seed development-related genes contribute to high yield heterosis in integrated utilization of elite autotetraploid and neo-tetraploid rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1421207. [PMID: 38933462 PMCID: PMC11204133 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1421207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Autotetraploid rice holds high resistance to abiotic stress and substantial promise for yield increase, but it could not be commercially used because of low fertility. Thus, our team developed neo-tetraploid rice with high fertility and hybrid vigor when crossed with indica autotetraploid rice. Despite these advances, the molecular mechanisms underlying this heterosis remain poorly understood. Methods An elite indica autotetraploid rice line (HD11) was used to cross with neo-tetraploid rice, and 34 hybrids were obtained to evaluate agronomic traits related to yield. WE-CLSM, RNA-seq, and CRISPR/Cas9 were employed to observe endosperm structure and identify candidate genes from two represent hybrids. Results and discussion These hybrids showed high seed setting and an approximately 55% increase in 1000-grain weight, some of which achieved grain yields comparable to those of the diploid rice variety. The endosperm observations indicated that the starch grains in the hybrids were more compact than those in paternal lines. A total of 119 seed heterosis related genes (SHRGs) with different expressions were identified, which might contribute to high 1000-grain weight heterosis in neo-tetraploid hybrids. Among them, 12 genes had been found to regulate grain weight formation, including OsFl3, ONAC023, OsNAC024, ONAC025, ONAC026, RAG2, FLO4, FLO11, OsISA1, OsNF-YB1, NF-YC12, and OsYUC9. Haplotype analyses of these 12 genes revealed the various effects on grain weight among different haplotypes. The hybrids could polymerize more dominant haplotypes of above grain weight regulators than any homozygous cultivar. Moreover, two SHRGs (OsFl3 and SHRG2) mutants displayed a significant reduction in 1000-grain weight and an increase in grain chalkiness, indicating that OsFl3 and SHRG2 positively regulate grain weight. Our research has identified a valuable indica autotetraploid germplasm for generating strong yield heterosis in combination with neo-tetraploid lines and gaining molecular insights into the regulatory processes of heterosis in tetraploid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guobin Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fozia Ghouri
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Shahid
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Sun LQ, Bai Y, Wu J, Fan SJ, Chen SY, Zhang ZY, Xia JQ, Wang SM, Wang YP, Qin P, Li SG, Xu P, Zhao Z, Xiang CB, Zhang ZS. OsNLP3 enhances grain weight and reduces grain chalkiness in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:100999. [PMID: 38853433 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Grain weight, a key determinant of yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.), is governed primarily by genetic factors, whereas grain chalkiness, a detriment to grain quality, is intertwined with environmental factors such as mineral nutrients. Nitrogen (N) is recognized for its effect on grain chalkiness, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified. This study revealed the pivotal role of rice NODULE INCEPTION-LIKE PROTEIN 3 (OsNLP3) in simultaneously regulating grain weight and grain chalkiness. Our investigation showed that loss of OsNLP3 leads to a reduction in both grain weight and dimension, in contrast to the enhancement observed with OsNLP3 overexpression. OsNLP3 directly suppresses the expression of OsCEP6.1 and OsNF-YA8, which were identified as negative regulators associated with grain weight. Consequently, two novel regulatory modules, OsNLP3-OsCEP6.1 and OsNLP3-OsNF-YA8, were identified as key players in grain weight regulation. Notably, the OsNLP3-OsNF-YA8 module not only increases grain weight but also mitigates grain chalkiness in response to N. This research clarifies the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate grain weight through the OsNLP3-OsCEP6.1 and OsNLP3-OsNF-YA8 modules, highlighting the pivotal role of the OsNLP3-OsNF-YA8 module in alleviating grain chalkiness. These findings reveal potential targets for simultaneous enhancement of rice yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Qi Sun
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Experimental Center of Engineering and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Shi-Jun Fan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Si-Yan Chen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jin-Qiu Xia
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Shi-Mei Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Gui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Zhao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Xiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
| | - Zi-Sheng Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
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Yang Y, Li Z, Zhang J. ZmNF-YA1 Contributes to Maize Thermotolerance by Regulating Heat Shock Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6275. [PMID: 38892463 PMCID: PMC11173165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Zea mays (maize) is a staple food, feed, and industrial crop. Heat stress is one of the major stresses affecting maize production and is usually accompanied by other stresses, such as drought. Our previous study identified a heterotrimer complex, ZmNF-YA1-YB16-YC17, in maize. ZmNF-YA1 and ZmNF-YB16 were positive regulators of the drought stress response and were involved in maize root development. In this study, we investigated whether ZmNF-YA1 confers heat stress tolerance in maize. The nf-ya1 mutant and overexpression lines were used to test the role of ZmNF-YA1 in maize thermotolerance. The nf-ya1 mutant was more temperature-sensitive than the wild-type (WT), while the ZmNF-YA1 overexpression lines showed a thermotolerant phenotype. Higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were observed in the mutant, followed by WT and overexpression lines after heat stress treatment, while an opposite trend was observed for chlorophyll content. RNA-seq was used to analyze transcriptome changes in nf-ya1 and its wild-type control W22 in response to heat stress. Based on their expression profiles, the heat stress response-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in nf-ya1 compared to WT were grouped into seven clusters via k-means clustering. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the DEGs in different clades was performed to elucidate the roles of ZmNF-YA1-mediated transcriptional regulation and their contribution to maize thermotolerance. The loss function of ZmNF-YA1 led to the failure induction of DEGs in GO terms of protein refolding, protein stabilization, and GO terms for various stress responses. Thus, the contribution of ZmNF-YA1 to protein stabilization, refolding, and regulation of abscisic acid (ABA), ROS, and heat/temperature signaling may be the major reason why ZmNF-YA1 overexpression enhanced heat tolerance, and the mutant showed a heat-sensitive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- Agronomy College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
| | - Juren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
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Zhu M, Liu Y, Jiao G, Yu J, Zhao R, Lu A, Zhou W, Cao N, Wu J, Hu S, Sheng Z, Wei X, Zhao F, Xie L, Ahmad S, Lin Y, Shao G, Tang S, Hu P. The elite eating quality alleles Wx b and ALK b are regulated by OsDOF18 and coordinately improve head rice yield. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1582-1595. [PMID: 38245899 PMCID: PMC11123401 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Head rice yield (HRY) measures rice milling quality and determines final grain yield and commercial value. Here, we report that two major quantitative trait loci for milling quality in rice, qMq-1 and qMq-2, represent allelic variants of Waxylv/Waxyb (hereafter Wx) encoding Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) and Alkali Spreading Value ALKc/ALKb encoding Soluble Starch Synthase IIa (SSIIa), respectively. Complementation and overexpression transgenic lines in indica and japonica backgrounds confirmed that Wx and ALK coordinately regulate HRY by affecting amylose content, the number of amylopectin branches, amyloplast size, and thus grain filling and hardness. The transcription factor OsDOF18 acts upstream of Wx and ALK by activating their transcription. Furthermore, rice accessions with Wxb and ALKb alleles showed improved HRY over those with Wxlv and ALKc. Our study not only reveals the novel molecular mechanism underlying the formation of HRY but also provides a strategy for breeding rice cultivars with improved HRY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maodi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene ResearchHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Guiai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Junming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Rumeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Ao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Ni Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiamin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Fengli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Lihong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Seed Center and Plant Genetic Resources Bank, Ministry of Environment, Water & AgricultureRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene ResearchHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Gaoneng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang LabHangzhouChina
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang LabHangzhouChina
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8
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Wang H, Wang X, Li Y, Cui Y, Yan X, Gao J, Ouyang J, Li S. Pleiotropic Effects of miR5504 Underlying Plant Height, Grain Yield and Quality in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:781-789. [PMID: 38447119 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play critical roles in regulating rice agronomic traits through mRNA cleavage or translational repression. Our previous study indicated that miR5504 regulates plant height by affecting cell proliferation and expansion. Here, the two independent homozygous mir5504 mutants (CR1 and CR2) and overexpression lines (OE1 and OE2) were further used to investigate the functions of miR5504. The panicle length, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant of miR5504-OE lines were identical to those of Nipponbare (NIP), but the 1000-grain weight of mir5504 mutants was reduced by about 10% and 9%, respectively. Meanwhile, the grain width and thickness of mir5504 mutants decreased significantly by approximately 10% and 11%, respectively. Moreover, the cytological results revealed a significant decrease in cell number along grain width direction and cell width in spikelet in mir5504, compared with those in NIP. In addition, several major storage substances of the rice seeds were measured. Compared to NIP, the amylose content of the mir5504 seeds was noticeably decreased, leading to an increase of nearly 10 mm in gel consistency (GC) in mir5504 lines. Further investigation confirmed that LOC_Os08g16914 was the genuine target of miR5504: LOC_Os08g16914 over-expression plants phenocopied the mir5504 mutants. This study provides insights into the role of miR5504 in rice seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jiadong Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510555, China
| | - Jiexiu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shaobo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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9
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Wang JD, Wang J, Huang LC, Kan LJ, Wang CX, Xiong M, Zhou P, Zhou LH, Chen C, Zhao DS, Fan XL, Zhang CQ, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Liu QQ, Li QF. ABA-mediated regulation of rice grain quality and seed dormancy via the NF-YB1-SLRL2-bHLH144 Module. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4493. [PMID: 38802342 PMCID: PMC11130328 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in promoting plant stress resistance and seed dormancy. However, how ABA regulates rice quality remains unclear. This study identifies a key transcription factor SLR1-like2 (SLRL2), which mediates the ABA-regulated amylose content (AC) of rice. Mechanistically, SLRL2 interacts with NF-YB1 to co-regulate Wx, a determinant of AC and rice quality. In contrast to SLR1, SLRL2 is ABA inducible but insensitive to GA. In addition, SLRL2 exhibits DNA-binding activity and directly regulates the expression of Wx, bHLH144 and MFT2. SLRL2 competes with NF-YC12 for interaction with NF-YB1. NF-YB1 also directly represses SLRL2 transcription. Genetic validation supports that SLRL2 functions downstream of NF-YB1 and bHLH144 in regulating rice AC. Thus, an NF-YB1-SLRL2-bHLH144 regulatory module is successfully revealed. Furthermore, SLRL2 regulates rice dormancy by modulating the expression of MFT2. In conclusion, this study revealed an ABA-responsive regulatory cascade that functions in both rice quality and seed dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Jun Kan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chu-Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Hui Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao-Quan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian-Feng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Tang L, Li G, Wang H, Zhao J, Li Z, Liu X, Shu Y, Liu W, Wang S, Huang J, Ying J, Tong X, Yuan W, Wei X, Tang S, Wang Y, Bu Q, Zhang J. Exogenous abscisic acid represses rice flowering via SAPK8-ABF1-Ehd1/Ehd2 pathway. J Adv Res 2024; 59:35-47. [PMID: 37399924 PMCID: PMC11081964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rice flowering is a major agronomic trait, determining yield and ecological adaptability in particular regions. ABA plays an essential role in rice flowering, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely elusive. OBJECTIVES In this study, we demonstrated a "SAPK8-ABF1-Ehd1/Ehd2" pathway, through which exogenous ABA represses rice flowering in a photoperiod-independent manner. METHODS We generated abf1 and sapk8 mutants using the CRISPR-Cas9 method. Using yeast two-hybrid, Pull down, BiFC and kinase assays, SAPK8 interacted and phosphorylated ABF1. ABF1 directly bound to the promoters of Ehd1 and Ehd2 using ChIP-qPCR, EMSA, and LUC transient transcriptional activity assay, and suppressed the transcription of these genes. RESULTS Under both long day and short day conditions, simultaneous knock-out of ABF1 and its homolog bZIP40 accelerated flowering, while SAPK8 and ABF1 over-expression lines exhibited delayed flowering and hypersensitivity to ABA-mediated flowering repression. After perceiving the ABA signal, SAPK8 physically binds to and phosphorylates ABF1 to enhance its binding to the promoters of master positive flowering regulators Ehd1 and Ehd2. Upon interacting with FIE2, ABF1 recruited PRC2 complex to deposit H3K27me3 suppressive histone modification on Ehd1 and Ehd2 to suppress these genes transcription, thereby leading to later flowering. CONCLUSION Our work highlighted the biological functions of SAPK8 and ABF1 in ABA signaling, flowering control and the involvement of a PRC2-mediated epigenetic repression mechanism in the transcription regulation governed by ABF1 on ABA-mediated rice flowering repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Tang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Guanghao Li
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yazhou Shu
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Wanning Liu
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Jiezheng Ying
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Wenya Yuan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Qingyun Bu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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11
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Liu J, Zhang H, Wang Y, Liu E, Shi H, Gao G, Zhang Q, Lou G, Jiang G, He Y. QTL Analysis for Rice Quality-Related Traits and Fine Mapping of qWCR3. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4389. [PMID: 38673973 PMCID: PMC11050666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The quality of rice, evaluated using multiple quality-related traits, is the main determinant of its market competitiveness. In this study, two japonica rice varieties with significant differences in quality-related traits were used as parents to construct two populations, BC3F2 and BC3F2:3, with Kongyu131 (KY131) as the recurrent parent. A genetic linkage map was constructed using the BC3F2 population based on 151 pairs of SSR/InDel polymorphic markers selected between the parents. Grain-shape-related traits (grain length GL, grain width GW, and length-to-width ratio LWR), chalkiness-related traits (white-core rate WCR, white-belly rate WBR, white-back rate BR, and chalkiness rate CR), and amylose content (AC) were investigated in the two populations in 2017 and 2018. Except for BR and CR, the traits showed similar characteristics with a normal distribution in both populations. Genetic linkage analysis was conducted for these quality-related traits, and a total of 37 QTLs were detected in the two populations. Further validation was performed on the newly identified QTLs with larger effects, and three grain shape QTLs and four chalkiness QTLs were successfully validated in different environments. One repeatedly validated QTL, qWCR3, was selected for fine mapping and was successfully narrowed down to a 100 kb region in which only two genes, LOC_0s03g45210 and LOC_0s03g45320, exhibited sequence variations between the parents. Furthermore, the variation of LOC_Os03g45210 leads to a frameshift mutation and premature protein termination. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for positional cloning of the qWCR3 gene, thus offering new genetic resources for rice quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agriculture Science, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Yingying Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Enyu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Huan Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Guangming Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Gonghao Jiang
- College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (E.L.); (Q.Z.); (G.L.)
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12
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Duan H, Li J, Sun L, Xiong X, Xu S, Sun Y, Ju X, Xue Z, Gao J, Wang Y, Xie H, Ding D, Zhang X, Tang J. Identification of novel loci associated with starch content in maize kernels by a genome-wide association study using an enlarged SNP panel. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:91. [PMID: 38099287 PMCID: PMC10716104 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Starch is a major component of cereals, comprising over 70% of dry weight. It serves as a primary carbon source for humans and animals. In addition, starch is an indispensable industrial raw material. While maize (Zea mays) is a key crop and the primary source of starch, the genetic basis for starch content in maize kernels remains poorly understood. In this study, using an enlarged panel, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) value for starch content of 261 inbred lines across three environments. Compared with previous study, we identified 14 additional significant quantitative trait loci (QTL), encompassed a total of 42 genes, and indicated that increased marker density contributes to improved statistical power. By integrating gene expression profiling, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and haplotype analysis, several potential target genes that may play a role in regulating starch content in maize kernels have been identified. Notably, we found that ZmAPC4, associated with the significant SNP chr4.S_175584318, which encodes a WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein and is highly expressed in maize endosperm, might be a crucial regulator of maize kernel starch synthesis. Out of the 261 inbred lines analyzed, they were categorized into four haplotypes. Remarkably, it was observed that the inbred lines harboring hap4 demonstrated the highest starch content compared to the other haplotypes. Additionally, as a significant achievement, we have developed molecular markers that effectively differentiate maize inbred lines based on their starch content. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of starch content and the molecular markers can be useful in breeding programs aimed at developing maize varieties with high starch content, thereby improving breeding efficiency. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01437-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuehang Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuhao Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Ju
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengjie Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jionghao Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Zhucheng Mingjue Tender Company Limited, Weifang, China
| | - Huiling Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuehai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Agricultural Road No. 63, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Chandra D, Cho K, Pham HA, Lee JY, Han O. Down-Regulation of Rice Glutelin by CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing Decreases Carbohydrate Content and Grain Weight and Modulates Synthesis of Seed Storage Proteins during Seed Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16941. [PMID: 38069264 PMCID: PMC10707166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The glutelins are a family of abundant plant proteins comprised of four glutelin subfamilies (GluA, GluB, GluC, and GluD) encoded by 15 genes. In this study, expression of subsets of rice glutelins were suppressed using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology to generate three transgenic rice variant lines, GluA1, GluB2, and GluC1. Suppression of the targeted glutelin genes was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, Western blot, and q-RT-PCR. Transgenic rice variants GluA1, GluB2, and GluC1 showed reduced amylose and starch content, increased prolamine content, reduced grain weight, and irregularly shaped protein aggregates/protein bodies in mature seeds. Targeted transcriptional profiling of immature seeds was performed with a focus on genes associated with grain quality, starch content, and grain weight, and the results were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test (requiring correlation coefficient absolute value ≥ 0.7 for significance). Significantly up- or down-regulated genes were associated with gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway functional annotations related to RNA processing (spliceosomal RNAs, group II catalytic introns, small nucleolar RNAs, microRNAs), as well as protein translation (transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA and other ribosome and translation factors). These results suggest that rice glutelin genes may interact during seed development with genes that regulate synthesis of starch and seed storage proteins and modulate their expression via post-transcriptional and translational mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanwita Chandra
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61166, Republic of Korea; (D.C.); (K.C.); (H.A.P.)
| | - Kyoungwon Cho
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61166, Republic of Korea; (D.C.); (K.C.); (H.A.P.)
| | - Hue Anh Pham
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61166, Republic of Korea; (D.C.); (K.C.); (H.A.P.)
| | - Jong-Yeol Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Oksoo Han
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61166, Republic of Korea; (D.C.); (K.C.); (H.A.P.)
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14
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Jin X, Li X, Xie Z, Sun Y, Jin L, Hu T, Huang J. Nuclear factor OsNF-YC5 modulates rice seed germination by regulating synergistic hormone signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2825-2847. [PMID: 37706533 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of seed dormancy/germination is of great importance for seedling establishment and crop production. Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) transcription factors regulate plant growth and development, as well as stress responses; however, their roles in seed germination remain largely unknown. In this study, we reported that NF-Y gene OsNF-YC5 knockout increased, while its overexpression reduced, the seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ABA-induced seed germination inhibition assays showed that the osnf-yc5 mutant was less sensitive but OsNF-YC5-overexpressing lines were more sensitive to exogenous ABA than the wild type. Meanwhile, MeJA treatment substantially enhanced the ABA sensitivity of OsNF-YC5-overexpressing lines during seed germination. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the interaction of OSMOTIC STRESS/ABA-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 9 (SAPK9) with OsNF-YC5 enhanced the stability of OsNF-YC5 by protein phosphorylation, while the interaction between JASMONATE ZIM-domain protein 9 (OsJAZ9) and OsNF-YC5 repressed OsNF-YC5 transcriptional activity and promoted its degradation. Furthermore, OsNF-YC5 transcriptionally activated ABA catabolic gene OsABA8ox3, reducing ABA levels in germinating seeds. However, the transcriptional regulation of OsABA8ox3 by OsNF-YC5 was repressed by addition of OsJAZ9. Notably, OsNF-YC5 improved seed germination under salinity conditions. Further investigation showed that OsNF-YC5 activated the high-affinity K+ transporter gene (OsHAK21) expression, and addition of SAPK9 could increase the transcriptional regulation of OsHAK21 by OsNF-YC5, thus substantially reducing the ROS levels to enhance seed germination under salt stress. Our findings establish that OsNF-YC5 integrates ABA and JA signaling during rice seed germination, shedding light on the molecular networks of ABA-JA synergistic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zizhao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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15
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Liu Y, Xi W, Wang X, Li H, Liu H, Li T, Hou J, Liu X, Hao C, Zhang X. TabHLH95-TaNF-YB1 module promotes grain starch synthesis in bread wheat. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:883-894. [PMID: 37062449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Starch is the most abundant substance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) endosperm and provides the major carbohydrate energy for human daily life. Starch synthesis-related (SSR) genes are believed to be spatiotemporally specific, but their transcriptional regulation remains unclear in wheat. Here, we investigate the role of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor TabHLH95 in starch synthesis. TabHLH95 is preferentially expressed in the developing grains in wheat and encodes a nucleus localized protein without autoactivation activity. The Tabhlh95 knockout mutants display smaller grain size and less starch content than wild type, whereas overexpression of TabHLH95 enhances starch accumulation and significantly improves thousand grain weight. Transcriptome analysis reveals that the expression of multiple SSR genes is significantly reduced in the Tabhlh95 mutants. TabHLH95 binds to the promoters of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit 1 (AGPL1-1D/-1B), AGPL2-5D, and isoamylase (ISA1-7D) and enhances their transcription. Intriguingly, TabHLH95 interacts with the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) family transcription factor TaNF-YB1, thereby synergistically regulating starch synthesis. These results suggest that the TabHLH95-TaNF-YB1 complex positively modulates starch synthesis and grain weight by regulating the expression of a subset of SSR genes, thus providing a good potential approach for genetic improvement of grain productivity in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science (Gansu Agricultural University)/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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16
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Jin SK, Xu LN, Leng YJ, Zhang MQ, Yang QQ, Wang SL, Jia SW, Song T, Wang RA, Tao T, Liu QQ, Cai XL, Gao JP. The OsNAC24-OsNAP protein complex activates OsGBSSI and OsSBEI expression to fine-tune starch biosynthesis in rice endosperm. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:2224-2240. [PMID: 37432878 PMCID: PMC10579716 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Starch accounts for up to 90% of the dry weight of rice endosperm and is a key determinant of grain quality. Although starch biosynthesis enzymes have been comprehensively studied, transcriptional regulation of starch-synthesis enzyme-coding genes (SECGs) is largely unknown. In this study, we explored the role of a NAC transcription factor, OsNAC24, in regulating starch biosynthesis in rice. OsNAC24 is highly expressed in developing endosperm. The endosperm of osnac24 mutants is normal in appearance as is starch granule morphology, while total starch content, amylose content, chain length distribution of amylopectin and the physicochemical properties of the starch are changed. In addition, the expression of several SECGs was altered in osnac24 mutant plants. OsNAC24 is a transcriptional activator that targets the promoters of six SECGs; OsGBSSI, OsSBEI, OsAGPS2, OsSSI, OsSSIIIa and OsSSIVb. Since both the mRNA and protein abundances of OsGBSSI and OsSBEI were decreased in the mutants, OsNAC24 functions to regulate starch synthesis mainly through OsGBSSI and OsSBEI. Furthermore, OsNAC24 binds to the newly identified motifs TTGACAA, AGAAGA and ACAAGA as well as the core NAC-binding motif CACG. Another NAC family member, OsNAP, interacts with OsNAC24 and coactivates target gene expression. Loss-of-function of OsNAP led to altered expression in all tested SECGs and reduced the starch content. These results demonstrate that the OsNAC24-OsNAP complex plays key roles in fine-tuning starch synthesis in rice endosperm and further suggest that manipulating the OsNAC24-OsNAP complex regulatory network could be a potential strategy for breeding rice cultivars with improved cooking and eating quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kui Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Na Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Jia Leng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qiu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shui-Lian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Wen Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Song
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-An Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Quan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Ping Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory /Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Wang L, Liu L, Zhao J, Li C, Wu H, Zhao H, Wu Q. Granule-bound starch synthase in plants: Towards an understanding of their evolution, regulatory mechanisms, applications, and perspectives. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111843. [PMID: 37648115 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Amylose content (AC) is a significant quality trait in starchy crops, affecting their processing and application by the food and non-food industries. Therefore, fine-tuning AC in these crops has become a focus for breeders. Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) is the core enzyme that directly determines the AC levels. Several excellent reviews have summarized key progress in various aspects of GBSS research in recent years, but they mostly focus on cereals. Herein, we provide an in-depth review of GBSS research in monocots and dicots, focusing on the molecular characteristics, evolutionary relationships, expression patterns, molecular regulation mechanisms, and applications. We also discuss future challenges and directions for controlling AC in starchy crops, and found simultaneously increasing both the PTST and GBSS gene expression levels may be an effective strategy to increase amylose content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Linling Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Huala Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an 625014, China.
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18
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Zhao T, Wu H, Wang X, Zhao Y, Wang L, Pan J, Mei H, Han J, Wang S, Lu K, Li M, Gao M, Cao Z, Zhang H, Wan K, Li J, Fang L, Zhang T, Guan X. Integration of eQTL and machine learning to dissect causal genes with pleiotropic effects in genetic regulation networks of seed cotton yield. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113111. [PMID: 37676770 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissection of a gene regulatory network (GRN) that complements the genome-wide association study (GWAS) locus and the crosstalk underlying multiple agronomical traits remains a major challenge. In this study, we generate 558 transcriptional profiles of lint-bearing ovules at one day post-anthesis from a selective core cotton germplasm, from which 12,207 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are identified. Sixty-six known phenotypic GWAS loci are colocalized with 1,090 eQTLs, forming 38 functional GRNs associated predominantly with seed yield. Of the eGenes, 34 exhibit pleiotropic effects. Combining the eQTLs within the seed yield GRNs significantly increases the portion of narrow-sense heritability. The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) machine learning approach is applied to predict seed cotton yield phenotypes on the basis of gene expression. Top-ranking eGenes (NF-YB3, FLA2, and GRDP1) derived with pleiotropic effects on yield traits are validated, along with their potential roles by correlation analysis, domestication selection analysis, and transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Xutong Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongyan Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Jiaying Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Huan Mei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Jin Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Kening Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Menglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengtao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zeyi Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Ke Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Xueying Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China.
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Wang W, Gao L, Zhao T, Chen J, Chen T, Lin W. Arabidopsis NF-YC7 Interacts with CRY2 and PIF4/5 to Repress Blue Light-Inhibited Hypocotyl Elongation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12444. [PMID: 37569819 PMCID: PMC10419918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is an important environmental factor. Plants adapt to their light environment by developing the optimal phenotypes. Light-mediated hypocotyl growth is an ideal phenotype for studying how plants respond to light. Thus far, many signaling components in light-mediated hypocotyl growth have been reported. Here, we focused on identifying the transcription factors (TFs) involved in blue light-mediated hypocotyl growth. We analyzed the blue-light-mediated hypocotyl lengths of Arabidopsis TF-overexpressing lines and identified three NF-YC proteins, NF-YC7, NF-YC5, and NF-YC8 (NF-YCs being the short name), as the negative regulators in blue light-inhibited hypocotyl elongation. NF-YC-overexpressing lines developed longer hypocotyls than those of the wild type under blue light, while the deficient mutants nf-yc5nf-yc7 and nf-yc7nf-yc8 failed to exhibit hypocotyl elongation under blue light. NF-YCs physically interacted with CRY2 (cryptochrome 2) and PIF4/5 (phytochrome interacting factor 4 or 5), while the NF-YCs-PIF4/5 interactions were repressed by CRY2. Moreover, the overexpression of CRY2 or deficiency of PIF4/5 repressed NF-YC7-induced hypocotyl elongation under blue light. Further investigation revealed that NF-YC7 may increase CRY2 degradation and regulate PIF4/5 activities under blue light. Taken together, this study will provide new insight into the mechanism of how blue light inhibits hypocotyl elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tianliang Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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20
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Jiang Z, Wang Y, Li W, Wang Y, Liu X, Ou X, Su W, Song S, Chen R. Genome-Wide Identification of the NF-Y Gene Family and Their Involvement in Bolting and Flowering in Flowering Chinese Cabbage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11898. [PMID: 37569274 PMCID: PMC10418651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) is a widely consumed vegetable in southern China with significant economic value. Developing product organs in the flowering Chinese cabbage involves two key processes: bolting and flowering. Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a heterotrimeric transcription factor known for its crucial role in various plant developmental processes. However, there is limited information available on the involvement of this gene family during flowering during Chinese cabbage development. In this study, 49 BcNF-Y genes were identified and characterized along with their physicochemical properties, gene structure, chromosomal location, collinearity, and expression patterns. We also conducted subcellular localization, yeast two-hybrid, and transcriptional activity assays on selected BcNF-Y genes. The findings of this study revealed enhanced expression levels of specific BcNF-Y genes during the stalk development and flowering stages in flowering Chinese cabbage. Notably, BcNF-YA8, BcNF-YB14, BcNF-YB20, and BcNF-YC5 interacted with BcRGA1, a negative regulator of GA signaling, indicating their potential involvement in GA-mediated stalk development. This study provides valuable insights into the role of BcNF-Y genes in flowering Chinese cabbage development and suggests that they are potential candidates for further investigating the key regulators of cabbage bolting and flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Riyuan Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.J.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.O.); (W.S.); (S.S.)
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21
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Payne D, Li Y, Govindan G, Kumar A, Thomas J, Addo-Quaye CA, Pereira A, Sunkar R. High Daytime Temperature Responsive MicroRNA Profiles in Developing Grains of Rice Varieties with Contrasting Chalkiness. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11631. [PMID: 37511395 PMCID: PMC10380806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High temperature impairs starch biosynthesis in developing rice grains and thereby increases chalkiness, affecting the grain quality. Genome encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) fine-tune target transcript abundances in a spatio-temporal specific manner, and this mode of gene regulation is critical for a myriad of developmental processes as well as stress responses. However, the role of miRNAs in maintaining rice grain quality/chalkiness during high daytime temperature (HDT) stress is relatively unknown. To uncover the role of miRNAs in this process, we used five contrasting rice genotypes (low chalky lines Cyp, Ben, and KB and high chalky lines LaGrue and NB) and compared the miRNA profiles in the R6 stage caryopsis samples from plants subjected to prolonged HDT (from the onset of fertilization through R6 stage of caryopsis development). Our small RNA analysis has identified approximately 744 miRNAs that can be grouped into 291 families. Of these, 186 miRNAs belonging to 103 families are differentially regulated under HDT. Only two miRNAs, Osa-miR444f and Osa-miR1866-5p, were upregulated in all genotypes, implying that the regulations greatly varied between the genotypes. Furthermore, not even a single miRNA was commonly up/down regulated specifically in the three tolerant genotypes. However, three miRNAs (Osa-miR1866-3p, Osa-miR5150-3p and canH-miR9774a,b-3p) were commonly upregulated and onemiRNA (Osa-miR393b-5p) was commonly downregulated specifically in the sensitive genotypes (LaGrue and NB). These observations suggest that few similarities exist within the low chalky or high chalky genotypes, possibly due to high genetic variation. Among the five genotypes used, Cypress and LaGrue are genetically closely related, but exhibit contrasting chalkiness under HDT, and thus, a comparison between them is most relevant. This comparison revealed a general tendency for Cypress to display miRNA regulations that could decrease chalkiness under HDT compared with LaGrue. This study suggests that miRNAs could play an important role in maintaining grain quality in HDT-stressed rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Payne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Ganesan Govindan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Julie Thomas
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Charles A Addo-Quaye
- Department of Computer Science and Cybersecurity, Metropolitan State University, Saint Paul, MN 55106, USA
| | - Andy Pereira
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Ramanjulu Sunkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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22
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Yin Y, Yan Z, Guan J, Huo Y, Wang T, Li T, Cui Z, Ma W, Wang X, Chen W. Two interacting basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors control flowering time in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:205-221. [PMID: 36756926 PMCID: PMC10152653 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is one of the most important agronomic traits affecting the adaptation and yield of rice (Oryza sativa). Heading date 1 (Hd1) is a key factor in the photoperiodic control of flowering time. In this study, two basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, Hd1 Binding Protein 1 (HBP1) and Partner of HBP1 (POH1) were identified as transcriptional regulators of Hd1. We generated knockout mutants of HBP1 and ectopically expressed transgenic lines of the two bHLH transcription factors and used these lines to investigate the roles of these two factors in regulating flowering time. HBP1 physically associated with POH1 forming homo- or heterodimers to perform their functions. Both HBP1 and POH1 bound directly to the cis-acting elements located in the promoter of Hd1 to activate its expression. CRISPR/Cas9-generated knockout mutations of HBP1, but not POH1 mutations, promoted earlier flowering time; conversely, HBP1 and POH1 overexpression delayed flowering time in rice under long-day and short-day conditions by activating the expression of Hd1 and suppressing the expression of Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Heading date 3a (Hd3a), and Rice Flowering locus T 1 (RFT1), thus controlling flowering time in rice. Our findings revealed a mechanism for flowering time control through transcriptional regulation of Hd1 and laid theoretical and practical foundations for improving the growth period, adaptation, and yield of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Yin
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jianing Guan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yiqiong Huo
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tianqiong Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tong Li
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhibo Cui
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenhong Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
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23
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Jin X, Zhang Y, Li X, Huang J. OsNF-YA3 regulates plant growth and osmotic stress tolerance by interacting with SLR1 and SAPK9 in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:914-933. [PMID: 36906910 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The antagonism between gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways is vital to balance plant growth and stress response. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which plants determine the balance remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that rice NUCLEAR FACTOR-Y A3 (OsNF-YA3) modulates GA- and ABA-mediated balance between plant growth and osmotic stress tolerance. OsNF-YA3 loss-of-function mutants exhibit stunted growth, compromised GA biosynthetic gene expression, and decreased GA levels, while its overexpression lines have promoted growth and enhanced GA content. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and transient transcriptional regulation assays demonstrate that OsNF-YA3 activates GA biosynthetic gene OsGA20ox1 expression. Furthermore, the DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) physically interacts with OsNF-YA3 and thus inhibits its transcriptional activity. On the other side, OsNF-YA3 negatively regulates plant osmotic stress tolerance by repressing ABA response. OsNF-YA3 reduces ABA levels by transcriptionally regulating ABA catabolic genes OsABA8ox1 and OsABA8ox3 by binding to their promoters. Furthermore, OSMOTIC STRESS/ABA-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 9 (SAPK9), the positive component in ABA signaling, interacts with OsNF-YA3 and mediates OsNF-YA3 phosphorylation, resulting in its degradation in plants. Collectively, our findings establish OsNF-YA3 as an important transcription factor that positively modulates GA-regulated plant growth and negatively controls ABA-mediated water-deficit and salt tolerance. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the balance between the growth and stress response of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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24
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Liu Z, Li P, Yu L, Hu Y, Du A, Fu X, Wu C, Luo D, Hu B, Dong H, Jiang H, Ma X, Huang W, Yang X, Tu S, Li H. OsMADS1 Regulates Grain Quality, Gene Expressions, and Regulatory Networks of Starch and Storage Protein Metabolisms in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098017. [PMID: 37175747 PMCID: PMC10178960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OsMADS1 plays a vital role in regulating floret development and grain shape, but whether it regulates rice grain quality still remains largely unknown. Therefore, we used comprehensive molecular genetics, plant biotechnology, and functional omics approaches, including phenotyping, mapping-by-sequencing, target gene seed-specific RNAi, transgenic experiments, and transcriptomic profiling to answer this biological and molecular question. Here, we report the characterization of the 'Oat-like rice' mutant, with poor grain quality, including chalky endosperms, abnormal morphology and loose arrangement of starch granules, and lower starch content but higher protein content in grains. The poor grain quality of Oat-like rice was found to be caused by the mutated OsMADS1Olr allele through mapping-by-sequencing analysis and transgenic experiments. OsMADS1 protein is highly expressed in florets and developing seeds. Both OsMADS1-eGFP and OsMADS1Olr-eGFP fusion proteins are localized in the nucleus. Moreover, seed-specific RNAi of OsMADS1 also caused decreased grain quality in transgenic lines, such as the Oat-like rice. Further transcriptomic profiling between Oat-like rice and Nipponbare grains revealed that OsMADS1 regulates gene expressions and regulatory networks of starch and storage protein metabolisms in rice grains, hereafter regulating rice quality. In conclusion, our results not only reveal the crucial role and preliminary mechanism of OsMADS1 in regulating rice grain quality but also highlight the application potentials of OsMADS1 and the target gene seed-specific RNAi system in improving rice grain quality by molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yongzhi Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Anping Du
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingyue Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cuili Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Dagang Luo
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Binhua Hu
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinrong Ma
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weizao Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaocheng Yang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Shengbin Tu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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25
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Khan A, Khan NA, Bean SR, Chen J, Xin Z, Jiao Y. Variations in Total Protein and Amino Acids in the Sequenced Sorghum Mutant Library. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1662. [PMID: 37111885 PMCID: PMC10142022 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide; however, its utilization in food products can be limited due to reduced nutritional quality related to amino acid composition and protein digestibility in cooked products. Low essential amino acid levels and digestibility are influenced by the composition of the sorghum seed storage proteins, kafirins. In this study, we report a core collection of 206 sorghum mutant lines with altered seed storage proteins. Wet lab chemistry analysis was conducted to evaluate the total protein content and 23 amino acids, including 19 protein-bound and 4 non-protein amino acids. We identified mutant lines with diverse compositions of essential and non-essential amino acids. The highest total protein content in these lines was almost double that of the wild-type (BTx623). The mutants identified in this study can be used as a genetic resource to improve the sorghum grain quality and determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of storage protein and starch in sorghum seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Nasir Ali Khan
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Scott R. Bean
- Grain Quality and Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, 1515 College Ave., Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Junping Chen
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Crop Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 3810, 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA
| | - Zhanguo Xin
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Crop Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 3810, 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA
| | - Yinping Jiao
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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26
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Tiozon RJN, Fettke J, Sreenivasulu N, Fernie AR. More than the main structural genes: Regulation of resistant starch formation in rice endosperm and its potential application. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 285:153980. [PMID: 37086697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, research on resistant starch has evoked interest due to the prevention and inhibition of chronic human diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and obesity. Increasing the amylose content (AC) and resistant starch (RS) has been pivotal in improving the nutritional benefit of rice. However, the exact mechanism of RS formation is complex due to interconnected genetic factors regulating amylose-amylopectin variation. In this review, we discussed the regulatory factors influencing the RS formation centered on the transcription, post-transcriptional, and post-translational processes. Furthermore, we described the developments in RS and AC levels in rice compared with other high RS cereals. Briefly, we enumerated potential applications of high RS mutants in health, medical, and other industries. We contest that the information captured herein can be deployed for marker-assisted breeding and precision breeding techniques through genome editing to improve rice varieties with enhanced RS content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhowell Jr N Tiozon
- Consumer Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, Rice Breeding and Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, 4030, Philippines; Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, Rice Breeding and Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, 4030, Philippines
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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27
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Wang J, Xu J, Wang L, Zhou M, Nian J, Chen M, Lu X, Liu X, Wang Z, Cen J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zeng D, Hu J, Zhu L, Dong G, Ren D, Gao Z, Shen L, Zhang Q, Li Q, Guo L, Yu S, Qian Q, Zhang G. SEMI-ROLLED LEAF 10 stabilizes catalase isozyme B to regulate leaf morphology and thermotolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:819-838. [PMID: 36597711 PMCID: PMC10037157 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture and stress tolerance play important roles in rice breeding. Specific leaf morphologies and ideal plant architecture can effectively improve both abiotic stress resistance and rice grain yield. However, the mechanism by which plants simultaneously regulate leaf morphogenesis and stress resistance remains elusive. Here, we report that SRL10, which encodes a double-stranded RNA-binding protein, regulates leaf morphology and thermotolerance in rice through alteration of microRNA biogenesis. The srl10 mutant had a semi-rolled leaf phenotype and elevated sensitivity to high temperature. SRL10 directly interacted with catalase isozyme B (CATB), and the two proteins mutually increased one other's stability to enhance hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) scavenging, thereby contributing to thermotolerance. The natural Hap3 (AGC) type of SRL10 allele was found to be present in the majority of aus rice accessions, and was identified as a thermotolerant allele under high temperature stress in both the field and the growth chamber. Moreover, the seed-setting rate was 3.19 times higher and grain yield per plant was 1.68 times higher in near-isogenic line (NIL) carrying Hap3 allele compared to plants carrying Hap1 allele under heat stress. Collectively, these results reveal a new locus of interest and define a novel SRL10-CATB based regulatory mechanism for developing cultivars with high temperature tolerance and stable yield. Furthermore, our findings provide a theoretical basis for simultaneous breeding for plant architecture and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene ResearchCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceResearch Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouChina
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Mengyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jinqiang Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Minmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Xiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiangsu Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Yiting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zhihai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Sibin Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene ResearchCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
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28
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Hu Z, Niu F, Yan P, Wang K, Zhang L, Yan Y, Zhu Y, Dong S, Ma F, Lan D, Liu S, Xin X, Wang Y, Yang J, Cao L, Wu S, Luo X. The kinase OsSK41/OsGSK5 negatively regulates amylose content in rice endosperm by affecting the interaction between OsEBP89 and OsBP5. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36965127 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amylose content (AC) is the main factor determining the palatability, viscosity, transparency, and digestibility of rice (Oryza sativa) grains. AC in rice grains is mainly controlled by different alleles of the Waxy (Wx) gene. The AP2/EREBP transcription factor OsEBP89 interacts with the MYC-like protein OsBP5 to synergistically regulate the expression of Wx. Here, we determined that the GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 5 (OsGSK5, also named SHAGGY-like kinase 41 [OsSK41]) inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of OsEBP89 in rice grains during amylose biosynthesis. The loss of OsSK41 function enhanced Wx expression and increased AC in rice grains. By contrast, the loss of function of OsEBP89 reduced Wx expression and decreased AC in rice grains. OsSK41 interacts with OsEBP89 and phosphorylates four of its sites (Thr-28, Thr-30, Ser-238, and Thr-257), which makes OsEBP89 unstable and attenuates its interaction with OsBP5. Wx promoter activity was relatively weak when regulated by the phosphomimic variant OsEBP89E -OsBP5 but relatively strong when regulated by the nonphosphorylatable variant OsEBP89A -OsBP5. Therefore, OsSK41-mediated phosphorylation of OsEBP89 represents an additional layer of complexity in the regulation of amylose biosynthesis during rice grain development. In addition, our findings provide four possible sites for regulating rice grain AC via precise gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fuan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peiwen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shiqing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Dengyong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Siwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liming Cao
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Shujun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement of Grain and Oil Crops (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
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29
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Song X, Chen Z, Du X, Li B, Fei Y, Tao Y, Wang F, Xu Y, Li W, Wang J, Liang G, Zhou Y, Tan X, Li Y, Yang J. Generation of new rice germplasms with low amylose content by CRISPR/CAS9-targeted mutagenesis of the FLOURY ENDOSPERM 2 gene. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138523. [PMID: 36993856 PMCID: PMC10040805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
FLOURY ENDOSPERM 2 (FLO2), encoding a tetratricopeptide repeat domain (TPR)-containing protein located in the nucleus, is considered to be a regulatory protein that controls the biosynthesis of seed storage substances. The diversity of flo2 allele is attributable for the variations in grain appearance, amylose content (AC), and physicochemical properties, influencing the eating and cooking quality (ECQ) of rice. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce loss-of-function mutations into the FLOURY ENDOSPERM 2 gene in Suken118 (SK118), a widely cultivated elite japonica rice variety in Jiangsu, China. Physiochemical analyses of the flo2 mutants were congruent with previous studies, exhibiting lowered AC and viscosity, risen gel consistency (GC) and gelatinization temperature (GT) values, which were all instrumental to the improvement of ECQ. However, the wrinkled opaque appearance and the decrease in grain width, grain thickness and grain weight imply trade-offs in grain yield. Despite the ex-ante estimation for low yielding, the superior ECQ in these novel genotypes generated by using genome editing approach may have the potential for formulating high value specialty food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Song
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xi Du
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyan Fei
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Tao
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fangquan Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Liang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Wu M, Cai M, Zhai R, Ye J, Zhu G, Yu F, Ye S, Zhang X. A mitochondrion-associated PPR protein, WBG1, regulates grain chalkiness in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136849. [PMID: 36968383 PMCID: PMC10033517 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice kernel quality has vital commercial value. Grain chalkiness deteriorates rice's appearance and palatability. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern grain chalkiness remain unclear and may be regulated by many factors. In this study, we identified a stable hereditary mutant, white belly grain 1 (wbg1), which has a white belly in its mature grains. The grain filling rate of wbg1 was lower than that of the wild type across the whole filling period, and the starch granules in the chalky part were oval or round and loosely arranged. Map-based cloning showed that wbg1 was an allelic mutant of FLO10, which encodes a mitochondrion-targeted P-type pentatricopeptide repeat protein. Amino acid sequence analysis found that two PPR motifs present in the C-terminal of WBG1 were lost in wbg1. This deletion reduced the splicing efficiency of nad1 intron 1 to approximately 50% in wbg1, thereby partially reducing the activity of complex I and affecting ATP production in wbg1 grains. Furthermore, haplotype analysis showed that WBG1 was associated with grain width between indica and japonica rice varieties. These results suggested that WBG1 influences rice grain chalkiness and grain width by regulating the splicing efficiency of nad1 intron 1. This deepens understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing rice grain quality and provides theoretical support for molecular breeding to improve rice quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Wu
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maohong Cai
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Zhai
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guofu Zhu
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faming Yu
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenghai Ye
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Gao Y, He X, Lv H, Liu H, Li Y, Hu Y, Liu Y, Huang Y, Zhang J. Epi-Brassinolide Regulates ZmC4 NADP-ME Expression through the Transcription Factors ZmbHLH157 and ZmNF-YC2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054614. [PMID: 36902048 PMCID: PMC10002761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize is a main food and feed crop with great production potential and high economic benefits. Improving its photosynthesis efficiency is crucial for increasing yield. Maize photosynthesis occurs mainly through the C4 pathway, and NADP-ME (NADP-malic enzyme) is a key enzyme in the photosynthetic carbon assimilation pathway of C4 plants. ZmC4-NADP-ME catalyzes the release of CO2 from oxaloacetate into the Calvin cycle in the maize bundle sheath. Brassinosteroid (BL) can improve photosynthesis; however, its molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, transcriptome sequencing of maize seedlings treated with epi-brassinolide (EBL) showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in photosynthetic antenna proteins, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, and photosynthesis pathways. The DEGs of C4-NADP-ME and pyruvate phosphate dikinase in the C4 pathway were significantly enriched in EBL treatment. Co-expression analysis showed that the transcription level of ZmNF-YC2 and ZmbHLH157 transcription factors was increased under EBL treatment and moderately positively correlated with ZmC4-NADP-ME. Transient overexpression of protoplasts revealed that ZmNF-YC2 and ZmbHLH157 activate C4-NADP-ME promoters. Further experiments showed ZmNF-YC2 and ZmbHLH157 transcription factor binding sites on the -1616 bp and -1118 bp ZmC4 NADP-ME promoter. ZmNF-YC2 and ZmbHLH157 were screened as candidate transcription factors mediating brassinosteroid hormone regulation of the ZmC4 NADP-ME gene. The results provide a theoretical basis for improving maize yield using BR hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfen Gao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625000, China
| | - Xuewu He
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625000, China
| | - Huayang Lv
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625000, China
| | - Hanmei Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625000, China
| | - Yangping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yubi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (J.Z.)
| | - Junjie Zhang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (J.Z.)
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32
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Zhang H, Liu S, Ren T, Niu M, Liu X, Liu C, Wang H, Yin W, Xia X. Crucial Abiotic Stress Regulatory Network of NF-Y Transcription Factor in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054426. [PMID: 36901852 PMCID: PMC10002336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Factor-Y (NF-Y), composed of three subunits NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC, exists in most of the eukaryotes and is relatively conservative in evolution. As compared to animals and fungi, the number of NF-Y subunits has significantly expanded in higher plants. The NF-Y complex regulates the expression of target genes by directly binding the promoter CCAAT box or by physical interaction and mediating the binding of a transcriptional activator or inhibitor. NF-Y plays an important role at various stages of plant growth and development, especially in response to stress, which attracted many researchers to explore. Herein, we have reviewed the structural characteristics and mechanism of function of NF-Y subunits, summarized the latest research on NF-Y involved in the response to abiotic stresses, including drought, salt, nutrient and temperature, and elaborated the critical role of NF-Y in these different abiotic stresses. Based on the summary above, we have prospected the potential research on NF-Y in response to plant abiotic stresses and discussed the difficulties that may be faced in order to provide a reference for the in-depth analysis of the function of NF-Y transcription factors and an in-depth study of plant responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shujing Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianmeng Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengxue Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Houling Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weilun Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (X.X.)
| | - Xinli Xia
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (X.X.)
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33
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Molecular bases of rice grain size and quality for optimized productivity. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:314-350. [PMID: 36710151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The accomplishment of further optimization of crop productivity in grain yield and quality is a great challenge. Grain size is one of the crucial determinants of rice yield and quality; all of these traits are typical quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. Research advances have revealed several molecular and developmental pathways that govern these traits of agronomical importance. This review provides a comprehensive summary of these pathways, including those mediated by G-protein, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phytohormone, transcriptional regulators, and storage product biosynthesis and accumulation. We also generalize the excellent precedents for rice variety improvement of grain size and quality, which utilize newly developed gene editing and conventional gene pyramiding capabilities. In addition, we discuss the rational and accurate breeding strategies, with the aim of better applying molecular design to breed high-yield and superior-quality varieties.
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34
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Bibliometric Analysis of Functional Crops and Nutritional Quality: Identification of Gene Resources to Improve Crop Nutritional Quality through Gene Editing Technology. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020373. [PMID: 36678244 PMCID: PMC9865409 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food security and hidden hunger are two worldwide serious and complex challenges nowadays. As one of the newly emerged technologies, gene editing technology and its application to crop improvement offers the possibility to relieve the pressure of food security and nutrient needs. In this paper, we analyzed the research status of quality improvement based on gene editing using four major crops, including rice, soybean, maize, and wheat, through a bibliometric analysis. The research hotspots now focus on the regulatory network of related traits, quite different from the technical improvements to gene editing in the early stage, while the trends in deregulation in gene-edited crops have accelerated related research. Then, we mined quality-related genes that can be edited to develop functional crops, including 16 genes related to starch, 15 to lipids, 14 to proteins, and 15 to other functional components. These findings will provide useful reference information and gene resources for the improvement of functional crops and nutritional quality based on gene editing technology.
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Alam MS, Yang ZK, Li C, Yan Y, Liu Z, Nazir MM, Xu JH. Loss-of-function mutations of OsbHLH044 transcription factor lead to salinity sensitivity and a greater chalkiness in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 193:110-123. [PMID: 36347113 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The most hazardous abiotic stress, salinity, restricted the world crop production, and grain chalkiness affected the grain quality to limit consumers' acceptance. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins modulate massive biological processes in plants. Here the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing mutants were obtained to detect the function of OsbHLH044. The loss-of-function of OsbHLH044 mutants showed numerous altered plant phenotypes. Notably, the osbhlh044 mutants resulted in prominently reduced morphological and physiological parameters under salt stress. Lower antioxidant activities and higher lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation in the osbhlh044 mutants caused salinity sensitivity due to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under salt stress, both shoots and roots of the osbhlh044 mutants acquired higher Na+. Moreover, the expression of ion homeostasis-related genes (OsHKTs, OsHAK, OsSOSs, and OsNHX) and ABA-responsive gene (OsLEA3) was significantly altered in the osbhlh044 mutants after salt stress. The expression levels of genes coding for starch (OsAGPL1, OsSSIIa, OsWx, and OsFLO2) and seed storage proteins (GluA1 and Globulin 1) were significantly decreased, indicating that they synthesize less store starch and proteins, resulting in grain chalkiness in the osbhlh044 mutants. Yeast one Hybrid (Y1H) showed that OsbHLH044 could activate salt- (OsHKT1;3, OsHAK7, OsSOS1, OsSOS2, OsNHX2, and OsLEA3 but not OsHKT2;1), and starch-related genes (OsSSIIa, OsWx, and OsFLO2) by binding to the G-boxes of their promoters. Therefore, the OsbHLH044 gene editing mutants revealed multiple functions, specifically a positive regulator of salt stress and grain quality, which might bring new insights into the breeding of rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shah Alam
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Kun Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chao Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Muhammad Mudassir Nazir
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian-Hong Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China.
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Cao R, Zhao S, Jiao G, Duan Y, Ma L, Dong N, Lu F, Zhu M, Shao G, Hu S, Sheng Z, Zhang J, Tang S, Wei X, Hu P. OPAQUE3, encoding a transmembrane bZIP transcription factor, regulates endosperm storage protein and starch biosynthesis in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100463. [PMID: 36258666 PMCID: PMC9700205 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Starch and storage proteins are the main components of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains. Despite their importance, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of storage protein and starch biosynthesis remain largely elusive. Here, we identified a rice opaque endosperm mutant, opaque3 (o3), that overaccumulates 57-kDa proglutelins and has significantly lower protein and starch contents than the wild type. The o3 mutant also has abnormal protein body structures and compound starch grains in its endosperm cells. OPAQUE3 (O3) encodes a transmembrane basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor (OsbZIP60) and is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the nucleus, but it is localized mostly in the nucleus under ER stress. We demonstrated that O3 could activate the expression of several starch synthesis-related genes (GBSSI, AGPL2, SBEI, and ISA2) and storage protein synthesis-related genes (OsGluA2, Prol14, and Glb1). O3 also plays an important role in protein processing and export in the ER by directly binding to the promoters and activating the expression of OsBIP1 and PDIL1-1, two major chaperones that assist with folding of immature secretory proteins in the ER of rice endosperm cells. High-temperature conditions aggravate ER stress and result in more abnormal grain development in o3 mutants. We also revealed that OsbZIP50 can assist O3 in response to ER stress, especially under high-temperature conditions. We thus demonstrate that O3 plays a central role in rice grain development by participating simultaneously in the regulation of storage protein and starch biosynthesis and the maintenance of ER homeostasis in endosperm cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shaolu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; Institute of Agricultural Science in Jiangsu Coastal Areas, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Guiai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yingqing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Liuyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Nannan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Feifei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Mingdong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Gaoneng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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37
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Fang ZT, Kapoor R, Datta A, Liu S, Stull MA, Seitz PG, Johnson CD, Okumoto S. Transcriptome Analysis of Developing Grains from Wheat Cultivars TAM 111 and TAM 112 Reveal Cultivar-Specific Regulatory Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012660. [PMID: 36293517 PMCID: PMC9604430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat flour's end-use quality is tightly linked to the quantity and composition of storage proteins in the endosperm. TAM 111 and TAM 112 are two popular cultivars grown in the Southern US Great Plains with significantly different protein content. To investigate regulatory differences, transcriptome data were analyzed from developing grains at early- and mid-filling stages. At the mid-filling stage, TAM 111 preferentially upregulated starch metabolism-related pathways compared to TAM 112, whereas amino acid metabolism and transporter-related pathways were over-represented in TAM 112. Elemental analyses also indicated a higher N percentage in TAM 112 at the mid-filling stage. To explore the regulatory variation, weighted correlation gene network was constructed from publicly available RNAseq datasets to identify the modules differentially regulated in TAM 111 and TAM 112. Further, the potential transcription factors (TFs) regulating those modules were identified using graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (GLASSO). Homologs of the OsNF-Y family members with known starch metabolism-related functions showed higher connectivities in TAM 111. Multiple TFs with high connectivity in TAM 112 had predicted functions associated with ABA response in grain. These results will provide novel targets for breeders to explore and further our understanding in mechanisms regulating grain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Tian Fang
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rajan Kapoor
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Aniruddha Datta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Matthew A. Stull
- Texas A&M AgriLife Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Paige G. Seitz
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Charles D. Johnson
- Texas A&M AgriLife Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Sakiko Okumoto
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Correspondence:
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Zhao G, Xie S, Zong S, Wang T, Mao C, Shi J, Li J. Mutation of TL1, encoding a novel C 2H 2 zinc finger protein, improves grains eating and cooking quality in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3531-3543. [PMID: 35994056 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The cloning and characterization of a novel C2H2 zinc finger protein that affects rice eating and cooking quality by regulating amylose content and amylopectin chain-length distribution in rice. One of the major objectives in rice breeding aims to increase simultaneously yield and grain quality especially eating and cooking quality (ECQ). Controlling amylose content (AC) and amylopectin chain-length distribution (ACLD) in rice is a major strategy for improving rice ECQ. Previous studies show that some starch synthesis-related genes (SSRGs) are required for normal AC and ACLD, but its underlying regulating network is still unclear. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel C2H2 zinc finger protein TL1 (Translucent endosperm 1) that positively regulates amylose synthesis in rice grains. Loss of TL1 function reduced apparent amylose content (AAC), total starch, gel consistency, and gelatinisation temperature, whereas increased viscosity, total lipid, and ratio of amylopectin A chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 6-12 to B1 chains with DP 13-24, resulting in an enhanced grain ECQ. The improved ECQ was accompanied by altered expression patterns of several tested SSRGs in tl1 mutant grains. Furthermore, knockout of TL1 in the high-yielding rice variety JiaHua NO.1 reduced AAC without obvious side effects on major agronomic traits. These findings expand our understanding of the regulating networks of grain starch metabolism and provide new insights into how rice ECQ quality can be improved via genetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Shuifeng Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shipeng Zong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Chanjuan Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianyue Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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Yang Y, Wang B, Wang J, He C, Zhang D, Li P, Zhang J, Li Z. Transcription factors ZmNF-YA1 and ZmNF-YB16 regulate plant growth and drought tolerance in maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1506-1525. [PMID: 35861438 PMCID: PMC9516732 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The identification of drought stress regulatory genes is crucial for the genetic improvement of maize (Zea mays L.) yield. Nuclear factors Y (NF-Ys) are important transcription factors, but their roles in the drought stress tolerance of plants and underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In this work, we used yeast two-hybrid screening to identify potential interactors of ZmNF-YB16 and confirmed the interaction between ZmNF-YA1 and ZmNF-YB16-YC17 and between ZmNF-YA7 and ZmNF-YB16-YC17. ZmNF-YB16 interacted with ZmNF-YC17 via its histone fold domain to form a heterodimer in the cytoplasm and then entered the nucleus to form a heterotrimer with ZmNF-YA1 or ZmNF-YA7 under osmotic stress. Overexpression of ZmNF-YA1 improved drought and salt stress tolerance and root development of maize, whereas zmnf-ya1 mutants exhibited drought and salt stress sensitivity. ZmNF-YA1-mediated transcriptional regulation, especially in JA signaling, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, could underlie the altered stress tolerance of zmnf-ya1 mutant plants. ZmNF-YA1 bound to promoter CCAAT motifs and directly regulated the expression of multiple genes that play important roles in stress responses and plant development. Comparison of ZmNF-YB16- and ZmNF-YA1-regulated genes showed that ZmNF-YA1 and ZmNF-YB16 have similar biological functions in stress responses but varied functions in other biological processes. Taken together, ZmNF-YA1 is a positive regulator of plant drought and salt stress responses and is involved in the root development of maize, and ZmNF-Y complexes with different subunits may have discrepant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chunmei He
- Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Dengfeng Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Juren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Xiao Q, Huang T, Cao W, Ma K, Liu T, Xing F, Ma Q, Duan H, Ling M, Ni X, Liu Z. Profiling of transcriptional regulators associated with starch biosynthesis in sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:999747. [PMID: 36110358 PMCID: PMC9468648 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Starch presents as the major component of grain endosperm of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and other cereals, serving as the main energy supplier for both plants and animals, as well as important industrial raw materials of human beings, and was intensively concerned world widely. However, few documents focused on the pathway and transcriptional regulations of starch biosynthesis in sorghum. Here we presented the RNA-sequencing profiles of 20 sorghum tissues at different developmental stages to dissect key genes associated with sorghum starch biosynthesis and potential transcriptional regulations. A total of 1,708 highly expressed genes were detected, namely, 416 in grains, 736 in inflorescence, 73 in the stalk, 215 in the root, and 268 genes in the leaf. Besides, 27 genes encoded key enzymes associated with starch biosynthesis in sorghum were identified, namely, six for ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), 10 for starch synthases (SSs), four for both starch-branching enzymes (SBE) and starch-debranching enzymes (DBEs), two for starch phosphorylases (SPs), and one for Brittle-1 (BT1). In addition, 65 transcription factors (TFs) that are highly expressed in endosperm were detected to co-express with 16 out of 27 genes, and 90 cis-elements were possessed by all 27 identified genes. Four NAC TFs were cloned, and the further assay results showed that three of them could in vitro bind to the CACGCAA motif within the promoters of SbBt1 and SbGBSSI, two key genes associated with starch biosynthesis in sorghum, functioning in similar ways that reported in other cereals. These results confirmed that sorghum starch biosynthesis might share the same or similar transcriptional regulations documented in other cereals, and provided informative references for further regulatory mechanism dissection of TFs involved in starch biosynthesis in sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlin Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianhui Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wan Cao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kuang Ma
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyu Xing
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiannan Ma
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Duan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Ling
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianlin Ni
- Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
- Sichuan Sub Center, National Sorghum Improvement Center, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhizhai Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Hu Y, Bai J, Xia Y, Lin Y, Ma L, Xu X, Ding Y, Chen L. Increasing SnRK1 activity with the AMPK activator A-769662 accelerates seed germination in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:155-166. [PMID: 35696890 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) plays a key role in rice germination. The small molecule drug, A-769662, activates AMP-activated protein kinase, a mammalian homolog of SnRK1. However, it is unknown whether A-769662 activates SnRK1, thereby affecting germination. SnRK1 in desalted extracts from germinating rice seeds was strongly activated by adding A-769662 in vitro. Applying 50 or 100 μM A-769662 accelerated germination and increased the root length, shoot length, and seedling fresh weight. 50 μM A-769662 treatment increased the catalytic activity and phosphorylation of SnRK1 during germination. Transcriptome analysis and biochemical validation were performed to investigate the mechanism whereby A-769662 treatment promoted rice germination. A-769662 treatment promoted starch hydrolysis by increasing the expression and activity of amylase and inhibited starch biosynthesis by decreasing the expression of OsAGPL2, OsAGPS2a, Wx, and SSIIa. The abscisic acid (ABA) level and gene expression of ABA-induced transcription factors, including OsNF-YC9, OsNF-YC12, OsWRKY24, OsPYL8, OsMKKK62, and OsMKKK63, which reduced the inhibition of germination by ABA were decreased under 50 μM A-769662 treatment. The increased expression of the OsACO3 and OsACO5 genes and increased ethylene levels under A-769662 treatment, which counteracted the inhibition of ABA on germination and, thus, promoted germination. These results demonstrate the activation of A-769662 on SnRK1 and further reveal the regulatory mechanism of A-769662 in rice seed germination and nutrient remobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Hu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Bai
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqing Xia
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored By Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored By Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China.
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GLW7.1, a Strong Functional Allele of Ghd7, Enhances Grain Size in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158715. [PMID: 35955848 PMCID: PMC9369204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Grain size is a key determinant of both grain weight and grain quality. Here, we report the map-based cloning of a novel quantitative trait locus (QTL), GLW7.1 (Grain Length, Width and Weight 7.1), which encodes the CCT motif family protein, GHD7. The QTL is located in a 53 kb deletion fragment in the cultivar Jin23B, compared with the cultivar CR071. Scanning electron microscopy analysis and expression analysis revealed that GLW7.1 promotes the transcription of several cell division and expansion genes, further resulting in a larger cell size and increased cell number, and finally enhancing the grain size as well as grain weight. GLW7.1 could also increase endogenous GA content by up-regulating the expression of GA biosynthesis genes. Yeast two-hybrid assays and split firefly luciferase complementation assays revealed the interactions of GHD7 with seven grain-size-related proteins and the rice DELLA protein SLR1. Haplotype analysis and transcription activation assay revealed the effect of six amino acid substitutions on GHD7 activation activity. Additionally, the NIL with GLW7.1 showed reduced chalkiness and improved cooking and eating quality. These findings provide a new insight into the role of Ghd7 and confirm the great potential of the GLW7.1 allele in simultaneously improving grain yield and quality.
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Xu H, Li S, Kazeem BB, Ajadi AA, Luo J, Yin M, Liu X, Chen L, Ying J, Tong X, Wang Y, Niu B, Chen C, Zeng X, Zhang J. Five Rice Seed-Specific NF-YC Genes Redundantly Regulate Grain Quality and Seed Germination via Interfering Gibberellin Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158382. [PMID: 35955515 PMCID: PMC9368926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-YCs are important transcription factors with diverse functions in the plant kingdoms including seed development. NF-YC8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are close homologs with similar seed-specific expression patterns. Despite the fact that some of the NF-YCs are functionally known; their biological roles have not been systematically explored yet, given the potential functional redundancy. In this study, we generated pentuple mutant pnfyc of NF-YC8-12 and revealed their functions in the regulation of grain quality and seed germination. pnfyc grains displayed significantly more chalkiness with abnormal starch granule packaging. pnfyc seed germination and post-germination growth are much slower than the wild-type NIP, largely owing to the GA-deficiency as exogenous GA was able to fully recover the germination phenotype. The RNA-seq experiment identified a total of 469 differentially expressed genes, and several GA-, ABA- and grain quality control-related genes might be transcriptionally regulated by the five NF-YCs, as revealed by qRT-PCR analysis. The results demonstrated the redundant functions of NF-YC8-12 in regulating GA pathways that underpin rice grain quality and seed germination, and shed a novel light on the functions of the seed-specific NF-YCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Xu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shufan Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Bello Babatunde Kazeem
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Abolore Adijat Ajadi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jinjin Luo
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Man Yin
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xinyong Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiezheng Ying
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Baixiao Niu
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.N.); (C.C.)
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.N.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiaoshan Zeng
- Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (J.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-731-86491768 (X.Z.); +86-571-63370277 (J.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (H.X.); (S.L.); (B.B.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.L.); (M.Y.); (X.L.); (L.C.); (J.Y.); (X.T.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (J.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-731-86491768 (X.Z.); +86-571-63370277 (J.Z.)
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Liu M, Pan Z, Yu J, Zhu L, Zhao M, Wang Y, Chen P, Liu C, Hu J, Liu T, Wang K, Wang Y, Zhang M. Transcriptome-wide characterization, evolutionary analysis, and expression pattern analysis of the NF-Y transcription factor gene family and salt stress response in Panax ginseng. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:320. [PMID: 35787249 PMCID: PMC9252045 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Jilin ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) has a long history of medicinal use worldwide. The quality of ginseng is governed by a variety of internal and external factors. Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), an important transcription factor in eukaryotes, plays a crucial role in the plant response to abiotic stresses by binding to a specific promoter, the CCAAT box. However, the NF-Y gene family has not been reported in Panax ginseng. In this study, 115 PgNF-Y transcripts with 40 gene IDs were identified from the Jilin ginseng transcriptome database. These genes were classified into the PgNF-YA (13), PgNF-YB (14), and PgNF-YC (13) subgroups according to their subunit types, and their nucleotide sequence lengths, structural domain information, and amino acid sequence lengths were analyzed. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the 79 PgNF-Y transcripts with complete ORFs were divided into three subfamilies, NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC. PgNF-Y was annotated to eight subclasses under three major functions (BP, MF, and CC) by GO annotation, indicating that these transcripts perform different functions in ginseng growth and development. Expression pattern analysis of the roots of 42 farm cultivars, 14 different tissues of 4-year-old ginseng plants, and the roots of 4 different-ages of ginseng plants showed that PgNF-Y gene expression differed across lineages and had spatiotemporal specificity. Coexpression network analysis showed that PgNF-Ys acted synergistically with each other in Jilin ginseng. In addition, the analysis of the response of PgNF-YB09, PgNF-YC02, and PgNF-YC07-04 genes to salt stress treatment was investigated by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The expression of these genes increased after salt stress treatment, indicating that they may be involved in the regulation of the response to salt stresses in ginseng. These results provide important functional genetic resources for the improvement and gene breeding of ginseng in the future.Conclusions: This study fills a knowledge gap regarding the NF-Y gene family in ginseng, provides systematic theoretical support for subsequent research on PgNF-Y genes, and provides data resources for resistance to salt stress in ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Zhaoxi Pan
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Mingzhu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Jian Hu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Meiping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
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Zhao D, Zhang C, Li Q, Liu Q. Genetic control of grain appearance quality in rice. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108014. [PMID: 35777622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Grain appearance, one of the key determinants of rice quality, reflects the ability to attract consumers, and is characterized by four major properties: grain shape, chalkiness, transparency, and color. Mining of valuable genes, genetic mechanisms, and breeding cultivars with improved grain appearance are essential research areas in rice biology. However, grain appearance is a complex and comprehensive trait, making it challenging to understand the molecular details, and therefore, achieve precise improvement. This review highlights the current findings of grain appearance control, including a detailed description of the key genes involved in the formation of grain appearance, and the major environmental factors affecting chalkiness. We also discuss the integration of current knowledge on valuable genes to enable accurate breeding strategies for generation of rice grains with superior appearance quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Liu Z, Jiang S, Jiang L, Li W, Tang Y, He W, Wang M, Xing J, Cui Y, Lin Q, Yu F, Wang L. Transcription factor OsSGL is a regulator of starch synthesis and grain quality in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:3417-3430. [PMID: 35182423 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Starch biosynthesis during rice endosperm development is important for grain quality, as it influences grain size and physico-chemical properties, which together determine rice eating quality. Cereal starch biosynthetic pathways have been comprehensively investigated; however, their regulation, especially by transcriptional repressors remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a DUF1645 domain-containing protein, STRESS_tolerance and GRAIN_LENGTH (OsSGL), that participates in regulating rice starch biosynthesis. Overexpression of OsSGL reduced total starch and amylose content in the endosperm compared with the wild type. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA-seq analyses indicated that OsSGL targets the transcriptional activity of several starch and sucrose metabolism genes. In addition, ChIP-qPCR, yeast one-hybrid, EMSA and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that OsSGL directly inhibits the expression of SUCROSE SYNTHASE 1 (OsSUS1) in the endosperm. Furthermore, OsSUS1 interacts with OsSGL to release its transcriptional repression ability. Unexpectedly, our results also show that knock down and mutation of OsSGL disrupts the starch biosynthetic pathway, causing lower starch and amylose content. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that accurate control of OsSGL homeostasis is essential for starch synthesis and grain quality. In addition, we revealed the molecular mechanism of OsSGL in regulating starch biosynthesis-related genes, which are required for grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Liu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Shun Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Lingli Jiang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wanjing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Manling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, P.R. China
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Liu J, Wu MW, Liu CM. Cereal Endosperms: Development and Storage Product Accumulation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 73:255-291. [PMID: 35226815 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070221-024405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The persistent triploid endosperms of cereal crops are the most important source of human food and animal feed. The development of cereal endosperms progresses through coenocytic nuclear division, cellularization, aleurone and starchy endosperm differentiation, and storage product accumulation. In the past few decades, the cell biological processes involved in endosperm formation in most cereals have been described. Molecular genetic studies performed in recent years led to the identification of the genes underlying endosperm differentiation, regulatory network governing storage product accumulation, and epigenetic mechanism underlying imprinted gene expression. In this article, we outline recent progress in this area and propose hypothetical models to illustrate machineries that control aleurone and starchy endosperm differentiation, sugar loading, and storage product accumulations. A future challenge in this area is to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying coenocytic nuclear division, endosperm cellularization, and programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;
| | - Ming-Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Heterologous Expression of Dehydration-Inducible MfbHLH145 of Myrothamnus flabellifoli Enhanced Drought and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105546. [PMID: 35628358 PMCID: PMC9146472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant found in the world. It has a strong tolerance to drought and can survive long-term exposure to desiccated environments. However, few genes related to its drought tolerance have been functionally characterized and the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress tolerance of M. flabellifolia are largely unknown. In this study, we isolated a dehydration-inducible bHLH transcription factor gene MfbHLH145 from M. flabellifolia. Heterologous expression of MfbHLH145 enhanced the drought and salt tolerance of Arabidopsis. It can not only promote root system development under short-term stresses, but also improve growth performance under long-term treatments. Further investigation showed that MfbHLH145 contributes to enhanced leaf water retention capacity through the promotion of stomatal closure, increased osmolyte accumulation, and decreased stress-induced oxidative damage through an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. These results suggest that MfbHLH145 may be involved in the positive regulation of stress responses in M. flabellifolia. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the survival of M. flabellifolia in extreme dehydration conditions.
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Shen L, Li J, Li Y. Resistant starch formation in rice: Genetic regulation and beyond. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100329. [PMID: 35576157 PMCID: PMC9251435 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS), a healthy dietary fiber, is a particular type of starch that has attracted much research attention in recent years. RS has important roles in reducing glycemic index, postprandial blood glucose levels, and serum cholesterol levels, thereby improving and preventing many diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The formation of RS is influenced by intrinsic properties of starch (e.g., starch granule structure, starch crystal structure, and amylose-to-amylopectin ratio) and non-starch components (e.g., proteins, lipids, and sugars), as well as storage and processing conditions. Recent studies have revealed that several starch-synthesis-related genes (SSRGs) are crucial for the formation of RS during seed development. Several transcription factors and mRNA splicing factors have been shown to affect the expression or splicing of SSRGs that regulate RS content, suggesting their potential roles in RS formation. This review focuses mainly on recent research progress on the genetic regulation of RS content and discusses the emerging genetic and molecular mechanisms of RS formation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China.
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50
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Sreenivasulu N, Zhang C, Tiozon RN, Liu Q. Post-genomics revolution in the design of premium quality rice in a high-yielding background to meet consumer demands in the 21st century. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100271. [PMID: 35576153 PMCID: PMC9251384 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The eating and cooking quality (ECQ) of rice is critical for determining its economic value in the marketplace and promoting consumer acceptance. It has therefore been of paramount importance in rice breeding programs. Here, we highlight advances in genetic studies of ECQ and discuss prospects for further enhancement of ECQ in rice. Innovations in gene- and genome-editing techniques have enabled improvements in rice ECQ. Significant genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been shown to regulate starch composition, thereby affecting amylose content and thermal and pasting properties. A limited number of genes/QTLs have been identified for other ECQ properties such as protein content and aroma. Marker-assisted breeding has identified rare alleles in diverse genetic resources that are associated with superior ECQ properties. The post-genomics-driven information summarized in this review is relevant for augmenting current breeding strategies to meet consumer preferences and growing population demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, Rice Breeding and Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños 4030, Philippines.
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Rhowell N Tiozon
- Consumer Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, Rice Breeding and Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños 4030, Philippines; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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